TWM569308U - Ship lightning protection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ship lightning protection system, which comprises: a remote signal and lightning strike counter, which is erected in the cockpit and the cabin of the ship; a power supply device is erected in the ship, and is connected with a plurality of communication/instrument equipment antennas, A communication/instrument terminal receiving device is electrically connected; a grounded isolation lightning arrester is erected between the power supply device and one of the grounding systems of the ship, and is electrically connected with the remote signal and lightning counter; the plurality of first arresters are connected Between each communication/instrument device antenna and the communication/instrument terminal receiving device; a plurality of second arresters are connected to the power supply system and the remote signal and lightning counter; each lightning arrester can absorb direct lightning or high-voltage lightning energy from the sea feedback to prevent All equipment in the ship was damaged by lightning strikes.

Description

Ship lightning protection system

A ship lightning protection system, in particular, a protection system for preventing lightning damage to equipment in a ship.

Whether the ship is sailing in the vast sea or parked in the harbor, it may be subject to lightning strikes when the weather is not good. The antennas and radars of the ship's communication/instrument equipment are usually placed in the cabin to obtain better communication effects. The risk of lightning strikes on instruments is relatively high. In order to save costs and load, general ships may not have lightning protection measures. When encountering thunderstorms, it is very easy to cause lightning damage to fishery communication equipment, instruments, implements and personnel. Therefore, how to prevent lightning strikes becomes an important issue for personnel and ship safety. .

Lightning rods are a lightning protection measure commonly used on ships to introduce lightning energy into the sea to prevent lightning energy from entering the ship. However, if the lightning strikes directly on the communication equipment or a part of the hull, the lightning energy will still be introduced into the ship and damage the main body or internal system of the ship; in addition, the lightning rod only directs the lightning strike energy directly to the sea, and the lightning energy is still It is possible that during the introduction into the sea, the line is sensed or the grounding system causes the high voltage to break into the ship and damage the electronic power system, causing damage to the ship.

In order to prevent lightning energy from instantly destroying various equipments in the ship, the author proposes a ship lightning protection system, which is equipped with multiple arresters between various equipments in the ship, and uses the remote signal and lightning counter to monitor each arrester and each The equipment is affected by lightning strikes in order to reduce the damage caused by lightning strikes to various equipment and the extent to which the immediate response equipment is damaged.

In order to solve the above object, the present invention relates to a ship lightning protection system comprising: a plurality of communication/instrument equipment antennas, which are erected on the ship; a communication/instrument terminal receiving device, which is erected on the ship and communicates with each instrument/instrument The device antenna is electrically connected; a remote signal and lightning strike counter is erected in the cockpit and the cabin of the ship; a power supply device is erected in the ship and is received with each communication/instrument device antenna and the communication/instrument terminal The device is electrically connected; a grounded isolation lightning arrester is installed between the power supply device and one of the grounding systems of the ship, and is electrically connected with the remote signal and lightning counter, and transmits a grounded remote signal to the remote signal and lightning strike a plurality of first arresters connected between each communication/instrument device antenna and the communication/instrument terminal receiving device, and transmitting a first remote signal to the remote signal and lightning counter; the plurality of second arresters are connected to the counter The power supply system and the remote signal and lightning strike counter, and transmit a second remote signal to the remote signal and lightning counter.

The novel system utilizes the plurality of first arresters, the plurality of second arresters and the grounded isolated lightning arrester to absorb most of the lightning energy, and only allows a small amount of lightning energy to enter the system or equipment in the ship, thereby effectively preventing the ship's power system The communication system and the equipment or the worker are subjected to lightning strike damage; at the same time, the plurality of first arresters, the plurality of second arresters and the grounded isolated lightning arrester are more capable of preventing high voltage electricity from the sea feedback from entering the system or equipment in the ship, Remedying the lightning rod can only introduce lightning energy into the sea in one direction.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a new type of ship lightning protection system is applied to a communication/instrument device and a power device in a ship. The ship lightning protection system comprises: a plurality of communication/instrument device antennas 10, a power supply device 20, and a communication/ The instrument terminal receiving device 30, a lightning strike counter 40, a plurality of first arresters 50, a plurality of second arresters 60, a grounded isolation arrester 70 and a lightning rod device 80.

In general, the internal structure of the ship can be divided into a ship's roof A, a cockpit B, a ship's cabin C and a bottom D from top to bottom. The plurality of communication/instrument equipment antennas 10 are installed on the ship. On the ship top A, the plurality of communication/instrument device antennas 10 may include a radar 11, a probe antenna 12, a global positioning system antenna 13, a communication instrument type antenna 14, and a special high frequency/ultra high frequency communication unit. Antenna 15.

The power supply device 20 can be installed in the cabin C and can be electrically connected to the plurality of power distribution panels 31. In a preferred embodiment, the power supply device 20 can be a diesel generator.

The communication/instrument terminal receiving device 30 and each communication/instrument device antenna 10 are electrically connected to the power supply device 20 through the plurality of power distribution boards 31, and receive the power output by the power supply device 20, wherein the communication/instrument terminal receiving device 30 It can include a computer, a single sideband modulation module (SSB), a special high frequency/ultra high frequency communication unit (VHF/UHF), a global positioning system (GPS), a side detector, and a A communication device such as a gyro, a communication/instrument antenna, etc.; the communication/instrument terminal receiving device 30 may be disposed in the cockpit B or in the cabin C.

The remote signal and lightning counter 40 is electrically connected to the communication/instrument terminal receiving device 30 to calculate the number of times the various devices in the ship are subjected to lightning strikes, the magnitude of the voltage and current, the time of occurrence, and the like, and can be placed in the cabin C. Or within the cockpit B, and including a display panel 41.

The plurality of first arresters 50 can be a Surge protection device (SPD). Generally, the surge protector uses a gas discharge tube (GDT), a transient voltage suppressor (TVS), and a thyristor. An overvoltage protection component such as a semiconductor discharge tube such as a Sidac or a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR), a varistor, or a stone-grinding discharge tube is a main component, or a module is further combined with a circuit or a mechanism. Lightning protection products. The surge protector is used to limit the voltage at which a lightning strike occurs and conduct current to the ground to limit the magnitude of the voltage to voltage values that are not harmful to electrical equipment, electrical switching equipment, and control equipment.

The plurality of first lightning arresters 50 are respectively connected between the communication/instrument device antenna 10 and the communication/instrument terminal receiving device 30 in a wired or wireless manner to protect each communication/instrument terminal receiving device 30, wherein The first lightning arrester 50 can be connected to the remote signal and lightning counter 40 through a first signal transmission circuit. The first signal transmission circuit can be a wired transmission circuit or a wireless transmission circuit. In a preferred embodiment, the first lightning protection device The first lightning arrester 50 is connected to the remote signal and lightning counter 40 in a Bluetooth or Wi-Fi manner. In this embodiment, each of the first arresters 50 can be a gas discharge tube, a semiconductor discharge tube, and a gap discharge. Tube, a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR), a pressure sensitive protection element or a switching protection element.

The plurality of second arresters 60 are connected to the power supply device 20 and the remote signal and lightning strike counter 40, wherein the plurality of second arresters 60 can pass through a second signal transmission circuit to the remote signal and lightning counter 40, and the second signal transmission The circuit can be a wired transmission circuit or a wireless transmission circuit, and the plurality of second arresters 60 are mounted on the power input/output terminal of the power supply device 20; wherein the other end of the second arrester 60 extends into the ground; In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of second arresters 60 are connected to the terminal receiving device 30 in a Bluetooth or Wi-Fi manner; each of the second arresters 60 is also a surge protector, specifically a lightning protection module, a varistor, a gas discharge tube, a semiconductor discharge tube, a gap discharge tube, a voltage controlled rectifier, a pressure sensitive protection element or a switching protection element.

The grounding isolation lightning arrester 70 is installed between the power supply device and one of the grounding systems of the ship, and is electrically connected to the remote signal and the lightning strike counter, and can be connected to the ground by wire or wirelessly after being combined with a third transmission circuit. The remote signal to the remote signal and lightning counter is used to protect the complex communication/instrument device antenna 10, the power supply device 20, and the communication/protection device antenna 10 due to induction or high voltage and high current conduction from the sea through the grounding system. The instrument terminal receiving device 30, the remote signal and lightning strike counter 40; each grounding isolation lightning arrester 70 is also a surge protector, specifically a lightning protection module, a varistor, a gas discharge tube, a semiconductor discharge tube, and a A gap discharge tube, a controlled rectifier, a pressure sensitive protection element or a switching protection element.

Generally speaking, lightning arresters used in large-scale power supply service systems or industrial buildings such as power transmission and distribution systems, outdoor power systems, and ship power supply systems are mostly large modules, and can be equipped with higher safety factors to handle higher lightning strikes. Energy, such as lightning arresters capable of handling 3KA~200KA, can protect electrical equipment from direct lightning strikes. The test current waveform of such arresters is 10/350μs; and the communication equipment or the power system used for communication equipment is usually secondary power. Or battery power, can use lightning arresters with less processing power, the protection system mainly used for most low-level electrical equipment, such as the above-mentioned lightning arresters capable of handling 3KA~200KA, or modular or larger components. The processing capacity is between 3KA~30KA, and it can also remove or absorb high lightning energy with a device with high safety factor. Such arresters are often installed on the primary side of the power distribution system to prevent overvoltage in the electrical device. Diffusion and protection of the load, the test current waveform of such arrester is 8/20μs;

When the ship is struck by lightning, if the lightning strike energy enters the ship by any of the plurality of communication/instrument device antennas 10, the plurality of first arresters 50 can introduce most of the lightning strike energy into the grounding system of the ship, only limiting The lightning strike energy within the safe range enters the communication system; when the lightning strike energy is much greater than the capacity of the plurality of first arrester 50, the plurality of first arresters 50 conduct lightning energy to the grounded system and thus Permanently opening the circuit, so as to prevent the lightning strike energy from destroying the communication/instrument terminal receiving device 30, and then the display panel 41 of the remote signal and lightning counter 40 displays the defective first lightning arrester 50, and the user goes to replace.

When the ship is struck by lightning, if lightning energy enters the ship from the power supply device 20, the voltage-suppressing type of second arrester 60 can be used to absorb most of the lightning energy and convert the lightning energy value into heat energy. Escape into the air, a small part of the lightning energy flows into the power supply device 20; or a switch-type second arrester 60, which introduces most of the lightning energy into the sea, so that only a small amount of lightning energy enters the power supply device 20 and the plurality of switchboards 31, to prevent the lightning strike energy from being too high to destroy the power supply device 20 or the plurality of power distribution panels 31; likewise, if the lightning strike energy far exceeds the absorption capacity of the second arrester 60, the lightning strike energy will turn on the second The switch or fuse inside the arrester 60 opens the plurality of second arresters 60 to prevent excessive lightning energy from entering the power supply device 20. Then, the plurality of second arresters 60 that have failed by the display panel 41 of the remote signal and lightning strike counter 40 are replaced by the user.

Further, in order to avoid damage caused by the lightning strike energy introduced into the sea by the plurality of first arresters 50 and the plurality of second arresters 60, and again entering the hull of the ship or various equipment in the ship, damage is required at the bottom D of the ship. The grounding system is installed with the grounded isolation arrester 70 for ground isolation to prevent lightning energy feedback into the sea, or to prevent lightning energy directly entering the sea from entering the ship; likewise, if the lightning energy is too high, the ground is destroyed. When the lightning arrester 70 is isolated, the display panel 41 displays the grounded isolated lightning arrester 70 that has failed, and is replaced by the user.

After receiving the lightning strike energy, each of the first arrester 50, each of the second arresters 60 and the grounded lightning arrester 70 can record the number of times the corresponding device is struck by lightning and the state of each device after being struck by lightning, and the data is respectively a first remote The signal signal and a second remote signal transmitted to the remote signal and lightning counter 40 record the number of lightning strikes, if each of the first arrester 50, each of the second arrester 60 or the grounded isolation arrester 70 is damaged, The first remote signal and the second remote signal notify the remote signal and lightning counter 40, so that the user can immediately monitor each device and each of the first arrester 50 and each of the second arresters 60 on the remote signal and lightning counter 40. And the grounded isolation arrester 70 is affected by lightning strikes.

The lightning rod device 80 further includes a lightning rod device 80. The lightning rod device 80 includes a needle body 81 and a lightning conductor 83. The needle body 81 is mounted on the ship's top A. One end of the lightning conductor 83 is connected to the needle body 81. The connection is connected to the grounding system of the ship and extends under the sea surface, and the lightning energy directly hitting the needle body 81 can be introduced into the sea to prevent the lightning strike effect.

The first arrester 50 and the second arrester 60 of the present invention can also be used in a ship maintenance system, a fishing light, and a lighting device to increase the range of protection to compensate for the shortage of the lightning rod device 80.

10‧‧‧Communication/Instrument Equipment Antenna

11‧‧‧ radar

12‧‧‧Square antenna

13‧‧‧Global Positioning System

14‧‧‧Communication instrument antenna

15‧‧‧UHF/UHF communication unit antenna

20‧‧‧Power supply equipment

30‧‧‧Communication/instrument terminal receiving equipment

31‧‧‧Distribution panel

40‧‧‧ Remote Letter and Lightning Counter

41‧‧‧ display panel

50‧‧‧First arrester

60‧‧‧second arrester

70‧‧‧Ground isolation arrester

80‧‧‧ lightning rod device

81‧‧‧ needle

83‧‧‧Lightning conductor

A‧‧‧The top of the ship

B‧‧‧Cockpit

C‧‧‧Cabin

D‧‧‧ bottom

Figure 1: Circuit diagram of the lightning protection system of the new ship.

Claims (10)

A ship lightning protection system is applied to a ship, the ship lightning protection system comprises: a plurality of communication/instrument equipment antennas, which are erected on the ship; a communication/instrument terminal receiving device is erected on the ship, and Electrically connected to each communication/instrument device antenna; a remote signal and lightning strike counter is erected on the ship; a power supply device is erected in the ship, and each communication/instrument device antenna, the communication/instrument terminal The grounding isolation lightning arrester is installed between the power supply equipment and one of the grounding systems of the ship, and is electrically connected with the remote signal and lightning counter, and transmits a grounded remote signal to the remote signal cum Lightning strike counter; a plurality of first lightning arresters connected between each communication/instrument device antenna and a communication/instrument terminal receiving device, and transmitting a first remote signal to the remote signal and lightning counter; multiple second arresters, electrical Connecting the power supply system with the remote signal and lightning counter, and transmitting a second remote signal to the remote signal and lightning counter. The ship lightning protection system according to claim 1, wherein the remote signal and lightning counter is disposed in a cabin or a cockpit of the ship, and includes a display panel, and the remote signal and lightning counter receives the first remote signal The second remote signal and the grounded remote signal are displayed on the display panel, wherein the first remote signal, the second remote signal, and the grounded remote signal record the corresponding first lightning arrester The plurality of second arresters and the grounded isolated lightning arrester are subjected to lightning strike times, voltage and current magnitudes, occurrence times, and information on damage of the plurality of first arresters, the plurality of second arresters, and the grounded isolated lightning arresters. The ship lightning protection system according to claim 2, wherein: the plurality of first arresters are connected to the remote signal and lightning strike counter in a wired or wireless manner together with a first transmission circuit; the plurality of second arresters are combined with a second transmission The circuit is connected to the remote signal and lightning strike counter in a wired or wireless manner; the grounded isolation lightning arrester is coupled to the third transmission circuit to connect the remote signal and the lightning strike counter in a wired or wireless manner. The ship lightning protection system according to claim 3, wherein each of the first arresters is a gas discharge tube, a semiconductor discharge tube, a gap discharge tube, a controlled rectifier (SCR), and a pressure sensitive protection element. Or a switch protection element. The ship lightning protection system according to claim 4, wherein each of the second arresters is a lightning protection module, a varistor, a gas discharge tube, a semiconductor discharge tube, a gap discharge tube, and a controlled rectifier (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) , SCR), a pressure sensitive protection element or a switching protection element. The lightning protection system for a ship according to claim 5, wherein each of the grounded lightning arresters is a lightning protection module, a varistor, a gas discharge tube, a semiconductor discharge tube, a gap discharge tube, and a controlled rectifier (Silicon Controlled Rectifier). , SCR), a pressure sensitive protection element or a switching protection element. The ship lightning protection system according to claim 6, wherein the communication/instrument apparatus is installed in the cockpit or the cabin of the ship, and the communication/instrument apparatus comprises a computer, a radar, and a single sideband modulation mode. Single Side Band (SSB), a special high frequency/ultra high frequency communication unit (VHF/UHF), a global positioning system (GPS), a side probe, a gyrocompass and a communication/instrument antenna; the complex communication The instrument antenna is mounted on a ship's top, and the plurality of communication/instrument equipment antennas include a radar, a probe antenna, a global positioning system antenna, a communication instrument type antenna, and a special high frequency/ultra high frequency Communication unit antenna. The ship lightning protection system of claim 7, wherein: the plurality of first lightning arresters connect the remote signal and lightning strike counter in a Bluetooth or Wi-Fi manner; the plurality of second arresters are Bluetooth or Wi-Fi The way to connect the remote letter and lightning strike counter; the grounded isolation lightning arrester connects the remote signal and lightning strike counter in a Bluetooth or Wi-Fi manner. The ship lightning protection system according to claim 8, further comprising a lightning rod device, the lightning rod device comprising a needle body and a lightning conductor, the needle system being erected on the roof of the ship, wherein one end of the lightning conductor is connected to the needle The body is connected and the other end is connected to the grounding system. The ship lightning protection system of claim 9, further comprising a plurality of power distribution panels, wherein the plurality of power distribution panels are electrically connected to the communication/instrument terminal receiving device, the communication/instrument device antennas, and the power supply device.