TWM559542U - Flat type DC motor - Google Patents

Abstract

A flat type DC motor includes a stator with a plurality of winding phases, a rotator being enclosed by the stator, the stator and rotator together constituting a DC motor, a cover with cylindering inner space, a top cover being coupled with the cover for accommodating the stator and the rotator, a first bearing coupled to the cover, and a second bearing coupled to the top cover, wherein one end of the rotator axis coupled to the cover through the first bearing and the other end of the rotator axis coupled to the top cover through the second bearing, the ratio of cover thickness and diameter ranging between 1/2 and 1/5.

Description

Flat DC motor

This creation relates to a motor, and more specifically, to a flat DC motor.

A motor or motor is widely used in the actuation components of industrial and peripheral equipment. Depending on its structure and power supply mode, there are many types of motors. The drive of the motor needs to provide electrical excitation with an appropriate power converter. According to the characteristics of the motor's back electromotive force waveform and the inductance of the motor coil, it is engaged in switching control and/or appropriate commutation time. Adjusted, better operating characteristics and conversion efficiency have been obtained.

The operating principle of the motor is that the conductor with current will be subjected to the force in the magnetic field. In practice, the factors considered by the motor are: the working conductor in the magnetic field is a plurality of coils, and it is necessary to consider alternately operating under the magnetic field N pole and S pole. The current is commutated to obtain a torque in a single direction. The motor is mainly composed of a rotor, a magnet pole disposed in the rotor, a stator, and a printed circuit board, and the driver and the sensor are disposed on the printed circuit board.

When the motor is operating, the coil in the full bridge circuit is wound around the stator, and the driver outputs a control signal to control the opening and closing of several switches. The magnetic pole of the magnet has a plurality of magnetic poles (for example, N pole, S pole, N pole and S pole, respectively) and is disposed in the rotor. According to the current flowing through the coil, the electromagnetic field generated by the stator pushes the rotor, and the sensor is The magnet pole of the induction rotor is transformed to output a sensing signal to the driver to adjust the current time of the current flowing through the coil, so that the motor stator generates a rotating magnetic field in a fixed direction to the rotor.

Recently, home appliances and electric vehicles have gradually adopted permanent magnet motors or DC motors. Because of its permanent magnet and micro-control IC, the permanent magnet motor or DC motor has the characteristics of high efficiency, low vibration and low noise. It has direct drive and adjustable speed. Figure 1A shows a conventional permanent magnet motor or DC motor The structure of the rotor 101 is composed of a plurality of magnetic poles 101a, each of which is fixed on a magnetically conductive circular iron ring, and each of the curved magnets and the radial magnetic poles of the left and right adjacent curved magnets are The opposite. The stator 102 is composed of a plurality of magnetic conductive silicon steel sheets, and each of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheets is provided with a plurality of winding grooves, and the insulated copper wires (enamel wires) are sequentially wound on the winding grooves. Fig. 1B shows the driving principle of the brushless motor. The most basic driving method of the DC brushless motor is the 120° conductive mode (that is, the six-step driving mode). The control switch 106, such as the semiconductor switching element, is composed of six insulated gates. It is composed of an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) and a diode. The diode is connected between the collector and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor, and is simply turned on and off by using six IGBT switches (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) of the control switch 106. /OFF) Signal, 6 IGBT switches (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) are connected in parallel with 6 diodes (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6). Among the six switches, only two switches are turned on each time, and the rotor is driven to reach six fixed points by the change of six switches, and the motor 105 is rotated. For example, in the six-step drive mode, the first step is to turn on the IGBT switch (T6, T1), the other four transistors are turned off; the second step is to turn on the IGBT switch (T1, T2), and the other four transistors are turned off; The three steps are for the IGBT switch (T2, T3) to turn on, the other four transistors are turned off; the fourth step is for the IGBT switch (T3, T4) to turn on, the other four transistors are turned off; the fifth step is the IGBT switch (T4, T5) On, the other four transistors are turned off; the sixth step is to turn on the IGBT switches (T5, T6), and the other four transistors are turned off. After each step of driving, the counter electromotive force 103 is read, and the position 104 of the rotor is detected, and then the controller 100 is controlled to switch the IGBT switch.

The rotor of the permanent magnet motor or the DC motor is composed of a plurality of magnetic poles, each of which is fixed on a magnetically-oriented circular iron ring, and each of the curved magnets has a radial magnetic pole of the arc-shaped magnet adjacent to the left and right. The opposite is true. The stator is composed of a plurality of magnetic conductive silicon steel sheets, and each of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheets is provided with a plurality of winding grooves, and the insulated copper wires (enamel wires) are sequentially wound on the winding grooves.

Conventional permanent magnet motors or DC motors are designed with a columnar structure and are limited in application. When it is required to drive a vehicle or equipment in a limited space, for example, a hub motor for driving an electric vehicle, a built-in hub motor for driving a water wheel aerator, and the like.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a flat DC or permanent magnet motor capable of driving vehicles and equipment in a limited space.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a flat DC motor comprising: a certain subunit having one or more coil winding phases; a rotor unit in which the stator unit surrounds the rotor unit, and the stator unit and the rotor unit form a a permanent magnet motor, the rotor unit is rotatably coaxially mounted in the stator unit; a cylindrical cover has an internal space fixed to the stator unit and can accommodate the stator unit and the rotor unit; a top cover, a cover and a cover Combining to place the stator unit and the rotor unit group between the top cover and the casing; a first bearing coupled to the casing; and a second bearing coupled to the upper cover, wherein one end of the central shaft of the rotor unit The first bearing is pivotally connected to the casing, and the other end of the central rotating shaft passes through the second bearing and passes through the top cover. The ratio of the thickness of the cylindrical casing to the diameter ranges from 1/2 to 1/5. .

In a preferred embodiment, the motor speed is adjustable.

In a preferred embodiment, wherein the motor module and the motor module have an adjustable rotational speed, the adjustable range is 0-150 rpm.

In a preferred embodiment, the motor module and the motor module have an optimum speed range of 50-110 rpm.

In a preferred embodiment, the stator unit of the motor module has a cylindrical shape and a plurality of coil windings disposed along a radial direction thereof; the rotor unit has a cylindrical shape and is disposed along a radial direction thereof. A plurality of permanent magnets.

The flat DC motor further includes a sensor interface for outputting characteristic parameters of the motor, and a control unit electrically coupled to the sensor interface to receive characteristic parameters of the output for starting the motor.

The above control unit comprises an H-bridge switching circuit bridged by a plurality of semiconductor switches.

The advantages and other advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments.

100‧‧‧ Controller

101‧‧‧Rotor

101a‧‧‧Magnetic pole

102‧‧‧ Stator

103‧‧‧Counter-electromotive force

104‧‧‧Rotor position

106‧‧‧Control switch

202‧‧‧Shell

202a‧‧‧Center through hole

204‧‧‧Support frame

206‧‧‧stator unit

208‧‧‧Rotor unit

210‧‧‧ center shaft

212a; 212b‧‧‧ bearing

214‧‧‧Top cover

214a‧‧‧Center opening

(216; 218) ‧ ‧ equipment accommodation space

302‧‧‧ drive

310‧‧‧Motor

316‧‧‧temperature sensor

318‧‧‧Speed position sensor

The detailed description of the present invention and the schematic diagram of the embodiments as described below should make the present invention more fully understood; however, it should be understood that this is only to be used as a reference for understanding the creative application, and not to limit the creation to a specific implementation. In the example.

1A is a structural view showing a brushless DC motor of the prior art; FIG. 1B is a schematic view showing a driving principle of a brushless DC motor; FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing the explosion of a flat motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; A schematic diagram of a flat motor assembly of one embodiment of the present invention is shown; and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a flat motor driving mode of one embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention is described in detail herein with respect to the specific embodiments and the aspects of the present invention. The description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention may be widely practiced in other different embodiments in addition to the specific embodiments and preferred embodiments of the specification. The embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the efficacy and advantages of the present invention by the contents disclosed in the present specification. The present invention may be applied and implemented by other specific embodiments, and the details described in the specification may be applied based on different needs, and various modifications or changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

An embodiment described in the specification refers to a specific description relating to this embodiment. Features, methods or characteristics are included in at least some embodiments. Therefore, the implementation of the various embodiments or aspects of the various embodiments is not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the features, methods, or characteristics of the present invention may be combined as appropriate in one or more embodiments.

A brushless DC or permanent magnet motor comprising a rotor, a stator and a drive unit. The rotor has a plurality of magnetic poles. The stator comprises a plurality of stator windings arranged in pairs. A general brushless DC motor comprises a single stator having a plurality of winding coils. The windings of the plurality of winding coils are electrically connected to a motor, which is called a phase or phase winding. . A typical brushless DC motor has three-phase windings. For a fixed winding number or volume and a limited maximum driving voltage, the three-phase motor winding has an operating characteristic of high torque and low speed because it has Permanent magnets and micro-control ICs, permanent magnet motors or DC motors have high efficiency, low vibration and low noise, and have direct drive and adjustable speed, so they have a wide range of applications.

However, the conventional permanent magnet motor or DC motor is designed in a columnar structure, which is limited in application. When it is required to drive a vehicle or equipment in a limited space, for example, a hub motor for driving an electric vehicle, a built-in hub motor for driving a water wheel aerator, and the like.

The flat motor of the present invention is a permanent magnet motor or a direct current motor, and mainly comprises a motor stator, which is cylindrical in shape and has a plurality of coil windings disposed along a radial direction thereof, and the motor stator is mounted in a casing; a rotor The system is cylindrical and rotatable coaxially mounted in the stator of the motor. The rotor is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets magnetically coupled with the motor stator.

2A shows an exploded view of the flat motor of the present invention, which includes a cylindrical casing 202 having a support frame 204 for mounting and fixing, a fixed subunit 206 fixed and housed inside the casing 202, The rotor unit 208 is mounted on the side of the central rotating shaft 210 via a bearing 212a to the inside of the stator 206 and pivoted to the casing 202, and passes through the through hole 202a at the center of the casing 202. The stator unit 206 fixes the casing 202 and the top cover. Between 214, the rotor unit 208 is covered by the stator unit 206 and is interposed between the top cover 214 and the casing 202 through the central rotating shaft 210 and the two side bearings 212a and 212b, and the other side of the central rotating shaft passes through another bearing. 212b and passes through a central opening 214a of a top cover 214. Above the casing 202 and adjacent thereto, there is a device space (216; 218) for respectively mounting a motor controller And power. 2B is a schematic view showing the combination of the flat motor of the present invention, wherein the ratio of the thickness (t) to the diameter (D) of the flat motor is in the range of about 1/2 to 1/5, and the optimum ratio is 1/3.

3 shows a schematic diagram of a motor drive mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a motor drive can be used to direct power to a stator unit having a plurality of phase winding sets. As shown in FIG. 3, the drive unit 302 directs power to the stator unit winding coils of the motor 310. The temperature sensor 316 or the speed position sensor 318 in the sensing unit is used to sense the operating parameters of the working motor, and transmits the operating parameters to the control unit 306 through the sensor interface 320. The control unit 306 The motor 310 can be driven or manually turned off by the drive unit 302. In one embodiment, the motor is a permanent magnet motor, and the driving device 302 is an H-bridge switching circuit having six semiconductor switches bridged, and the semiconductor switch can be a gold oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) or an insulating gate. Extremely bipolar transistor (IGBT).

Due to the many advantages of the flat DC motor described above, it has wide application value. For example, in an embodiment, it can be used as a driving power system of an aerator, which directly drives a water wheel of a water tank aerator. A permanent magnet motor or a DC motor can be installed inside the water wheel hub of the water pumping unit. Because of its permanent magnet and micro-control IC, the permanent magnet motor or DC motor has high efficiency, low vibration and low noise. The speed is adjustable, the adjustable speed range is between 0-150 rpm and the best performance is in the range of 50-110 rpm. No gearbox is needed, the output power can reach 500-750W, and the efficiency can reach 90%. Compared with the traditional AC induction motor-driven water tank aerator, its annual power consumption is about half, and the cost of replacing or maintaining the gearbox parts can be saved, so that the economic benefit can be greatly increased.

The built-in hub motor-driven waterwheel aerator is characterized by the elimination of the connecting parts, that is, the shaft of the water wheel can be omitted to avoid wear and balance, and it is not necessary to drive remotely via the shaft of the connecting water wheel. In addition, the speed of the water wheel can be individually controlled to generate different cruise modes.

The flat DC motor is designed to fully optimize its power output in a limited space. In addition to being used in aerators, it can also be used as a power system with space constraints, such as electric steam and locomotive wheels. Motors, etc., or power drive systems such as large ceiling fans.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Artisans in this field should be able to understand the scope of the patent rights claimed by the authors. The scope of patent protection is subject to the scope of the patent application and its equivalent fields. Any modification or refinement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of this patent belongs to the equivalent changes or designs made under the spirit of this creation and should be included in the following patent application scope. Inside.

Claims (9)

A flat type DC motor comprising: a certain subunit having one or more coil winding phases; a rotor unit surrounding the rotor unit, the stator unit and the rotor unit forming a permanent magnet motor, The rotor unit is rotatably coaxially mounted in the stator unit; a cylindrical cover has an inner space fixed to the stator unit and can accommodate the stator unit and the rotor unit; a top cover a cover is coupled to position the stator unit and the rotor unit between the top cover and the cover; a first bearing coupled to the cover; and a second bearing coupled to the cover One end of the central rotating shaft of the rotor unit is pivotally connected to the casing through the first bearing, and the other end of the central rotating shaft passes through the second bearing and passes through the top cover, the cylindrical casing The ratio of thickness to diameter ranges from 1/2 to 1/5. The flat type DC motor of claim 1, wherein the rotational speed of the motor is adjustable. The flat type DC motor of claim 2, wherein the motor has an adjustable speed ranging from 0 to 150 rpm. The flat type DC motor of claim 2, wherein the motor has an optimum speed range of 50-110 rpm. A flat type DC motor according to claim 2, wherein said stator unit has a cylindrical shape and is provided with a plurality of coil turns in a radial direction thereof. A flat type DC motor according to claim 2, wherein said rotor unit has a cylindrical shape and is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets in a radial direction thereof. The flat type DC motor of claim 1, further comprising a sensor interface for outputting characteristic parameters of the motor; A control unit is electrically coupled to the sensor interface to receive the characteristic parameter of the output for starting the motor. The flat type DC motor of claim 7, wherein the control unit comprises a H-bridge switching circuit bridged by a plurality of semiconductor switches. The flat type DC motor of claim 8, wherein the semiconductor switch is a gold oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) or an insulated gate double carrier transistor (IGBT).