TWM547207U - Power supply device with functions of soft start and protection - Google Patents

Description

Power supply unit with soft start and protection

The present invention relates to a power supply device having a soft start and protection function.

Generally, devices such as motors or servos need to be connected to high-powered power supply devices in order to obtain the power supply provided by the power supply device for normal operation. However, the input terminals of devices such as motors or servos often have a voltage stabilizing line (usually composed of a large capacitor) to provide a voltage regulation function when the load changes. When the main power switch of the high-power power supply device is activated for a moment, the large capacitance of these voltage-regulating lines instantaneously generates a huge current, so-called inrush current. These excessive surge currents cause the protection circuit to misjudge the circuit and cause a short circuit to activate the short circuit protection function, resulting in the motor or servo not functioning properly.

In addition, in order to avoid the malfunction of the protection circuit, in order to enable the power supply device to supply power to the load (motor or servo), some manufacturers will cancel or improve the protection point; however, the long-term allowable surge current will occur. The power supply device and its internal components are damaged, so that the power supply device is unstable or the life is shortened. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in the power supply device. A new architecture is needed to maintain the product's normal operation and reliability.

In view of this, the present invention provides a power supply device with soft start and protection functions, which can cause damage to the circuit function by avoiding the occurrence of surge current, and can be performed in advance when there is a real short circuit in the external circuit of the system. Detect and disable the supply voltage to the shorted system loop to increase the safety of the circuit, and the circuit design is simple, and the circuit components are used less to reduce the circuit use cost.

The present invention provides a power supply architecture with soft start and protection functions, which is suitable for supplying power to a load, and the load includes a voltage stabilizing unit and a load unit coupled in parallel. The power supply device with soft start and protection functions includes a power supply unit, a soft start adjustment unit, a current detection unit (and/or a voltage detection unit), and a control unit. The power supply unit generates a power supply voltage. The soft start adjusting unit is coupled to the power unit and is adapted to be coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit, and receives the power voltage, the first control signal and the second control signal to convert the power voltage into a soft start according to the first control signal and the second control signal. Current, and adjust and output the soft-start current to the voltage regulator unit or output the power supply voltage to the voltage regulator unit, or disable the power supply voltage output to the voltage regulator unit. The current detecting unit is coupled to the power unit and is adapted to be coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit to measure a current of a loop formed between the power unit and the voltage stabilizing unit to generate a current detecting signal. The control unit is coupled to the current detecting unit (and/or the voltage detecting unit) and receives the current detecting signal (and/or the voltage detecting signal) to generate the first control signal, the second control signal and the third control signal.

In an embodiment, the aforementioned soft start adjustment unit includes a first switch unit and a current adjustment unit. The first switching unit is coupled to the power unit and the control unit and is adapted to be coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit, and receives the power voltage and the first control signal to output the power voltage to the voltage stabilizing unit according to the first control signal. The current adjustment unit is coupled to the control unit and coupled to the first switch unit in parallel, receives the power voltage and the second control signal, converts the power voltage into a soft start current, and adjusts and outputs the soft start current to the voltage stabilization unit.

In an embodiment, the current adjustment unit includes a first resistor and a second switch unit. The first resistor has a first end and a second end, and the first end of the first resistor is coupled to the power supply unit. The second switching unit is coupled to the second end of the first resistor, the control unit and the voltage stabilizing unit, and receives the second control signal.

In an embodiment, the second switch unit is a field effect transistor, the first end of the second switch unit receives the second control signal, and the second end of the second switch unit is coupled to the second end of the first resistor, The third end of the second switch unit is coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit.

In an embodiment, the first switch unit is a field effect transistor, the first end of the first switch unit receives the first control signal, and the second end of the first switch unit is coupled to the power unit, and the first switch unit The three terminals are coupled to the voltage regulator unit.

In an embodiment, the aforementioned power supply unit is a power supply or a battery pack.

In an embodiment, the aforementioned control unit is a microcontroller or a microprocessor.

In an embodiment, the foregoing power supply device having a soft start and protection function further includes a display unit. The display unit is coupled to the control unit, and receives a fourth control signal generated by the control unit to display the fourth control signal.

In an embodiment, the foregoing power supply device having a soft start and protection function further includes a voltage detecting unit. The voltage detecting unit is coupled to the control unit and is adapted to be coupled in parallel with the voltage stabilizing unit to measure the operating voltage generated by the voltage stabilizing unit to generate a voltage detection signal to the control unit.

The power supply device with the soft start and protection functions provided by the embodiment is generated by the control unit according to the current detection signal (and/or the voltage detection signal) generated by the current detecting unit (and/or the voltage detecting unit). a control signal and a second control signal to control whether the soft start adjustment unit determines whether to generate a soft start current, so that the operating voltage generated by the voltage stabilization unit can be appropriately increased to a voltage value close to the power supply voltage according to the soft start adjustment unit, The soft start program outputs the power supply voltage directly to the voltage stabilization unit. In this way, it is possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of a surge current and cause damage to the circuit function. When the external loop of the system has a real short circuit condition, the soft start program abnormality or failure can be found in advance, thereby prohibiting the power supply voltage from being outputted to the shorted system loop, thereby increasing the safety of the circuit, and the circuit design is simple, and the circuit components are used. Less to reduce the cost of circuit use. In addition, the display unit displays whether or not the circuit has a short circuit, and prompts the user to increase the safety of the circuit.

The above description of the present invention and the following description of the embodiments are intended to illustrate and explain the spirit and principles of the present invention, and to provide a further explanation of the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

The detailed features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail below in the embodiments, which are sufficient to enable any skilled artisan to understand the technical contents of the present invention and implement it according to the contents, the scope of the patent application and the drawings. Anyone familiar with the relevant art can easily understand the purpose and advantages of this creation. The following examples further illustrate the inventive concept, but do not limit the scope of the creation in any way.

Certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular elements. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a hardware manufacturer may refer to the same component by a different noun. The scope of the present specification and the patent application do not use the difference in the name as the means for distinguishing the elements, but the difference in function of the elements as the criterion for distinguishing. As used in the specification and the scope of the patent application, "include" is an open term and should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". "Substantially" means that within the range of acceptable errors, those skilled in the art will be able to solve the technical problems within a certain error range, substantially achieving the technical effects. In addition, the term "coupled" is used herein to include any direct and indirect electrical coupling means. Therefore, if a first device is coupled to a second device, the first device can be directly electrically coupled to the second device, or electrically coupled indirectly through other devices or coupling means. Connected to the second device. The description of the specification is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention. The scope of protection of this application is subject to the definition of the scope of the appended claims.

It is also to be understood that the terms "comprises", "comprising" or "comprising" or any other variations are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or Other elements not explicitly listed, or elements that are inherent to such a process, method, commodity, or system. An element that is defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional equivalent elements in the process, method, item, or system including the element, without further limitation.

In the various embodiments listed below, the same or similar elements or members will be denoted by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply device with soft start and protection functions disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. The power supply device 100 of the present embodiment having a soft start and protection function can be adapted to supply power to the load 190 such that the load 190 can operate normally. In the present embodiment, the load 190 includes a voltage stabilizing unit 191 and a load unit 192 coupled in parallel. The voltage stabilizing unit 191 is, for example, a capacitor and has a voltage stabilizing function, and the load unit 190 is, for example, a motor or a servo.

The power supply device 100 having a soft start and protection function includes a power supply unit 110, a soft start adjustment unit 120, a current detection unit 130, and a control unit 140.

The power supply unit 110 is configured to generate a power supply voltage. In the present embodiment, the power supply unit 110 is, for example, a power supply or a battery pack to generate a high-power supply voltage for use in providing the load 190 for use.

The soft start adjustment unit 120 is coupled to the power supply unit 110, and receives the power supply voltage, the first control signal, and the second control signal to convert the power supply voltage into a soft start current according to the first control signal and the second control signal, and adjust and output The soft start current is supplied to the voltage stabilizing unit 191, or the power supply voltage is output to the voltage stabilizing unit 191, or the power supply voltage is prohibited from being output to the voltage stabilizing unit 191. That is to say, for example, when the soft start adjustment unit 120 starts to operate the soft start, the soft start current is generated according to the control of the first control signal and the second control signal of the control unit 140, or the power supply voltage is output or disabled. Output to the voltage stabilization unit 191.

The current detecting unit 130 is coupled to the power supply unit 110 and is adapted to be coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit 191 to measure a current of a loop formed between the power supply unit 110 and the voltage stabilizing unit 191 (ie, a system loop) to generate a current detecting signal. During the soft start process, the current detection signal may specifically reflect the state of the current between the power supply unit 110 and the voltage stabilizing unit 191.

The control unit 140 is coupled to the current detecting unit 130 and receives the current detecting signal to generate the first control signal and the second control signal. That is, the control unit 140 generates corresponding first control signals and second control signals according to the state of the current in the current detection signal to control the operation of the soft start adjustment unit 120, that is, for example, to provide the soft start adjustment unit 120. The resistor is responsive to generate a soft-start current such that the operating voltage established by the voltage stabilizing unit 191 is rapidly increased to a voltage value that is the same as the power supply voltage. In the present embodiment, the control unit 140 is, for example, a microcontroller or a microprocessor.

In the overall operation of the power supply device 100 and the load 190 having soft start and protection functions, first, the power supply unit 110 outputs a power supply voltage, and at this time, the operating voltage on the voltage stabilizing unit 191 is not established, for example, 0V. The soft start adjustment unit 120 generates, for example, a starting soft start current preset according to the resistance power according to the first control signal and the second control signal, so that the operating voltage of the voltage stabilization unit 191 is gradually established.

Then, the control unit 140 performs a logic determination according to the monitoring result of the current detecting unit 130, and adjusts the logic levels of the first control signal and the second control signal to control whether the soft start adjusting unit 120 continues to generate the soft start current. That is, when the soft start program is not completed, the control soft start adjustment unit 120 continuously generates a soft start current; when the soft start program is completed, the power supply voltage is output to the voltage stabilization unit 191, and the soft start adjustment unit 120 is controlled to stop. The output of the soft start current. In addition, the operating voltage established by the voltage stabilizing unit 191 further provides the load unit 192 to enable the load unit 192 to operate normally. If the soft start program fails to complete (if the external circuit is found to be short-circuited), the control soft start adjusting unit 120 stops the output of the soft start current and prohibits the power supply voltage from being output to the voltage stabilizing unit 191.

As can be seen from the above description, the first control signal and the second control signal are generated by the control unit 140 according to the current detection signal (and/or the voltage detection signal) to control the soft start adjustment unit 120 to generate a soft start current, so that the voltage regulation is performed. The operating voltage generated by the unit 191 is gradually increased to a voltage value close to the operating voltage, and the soft start procedure is completed. Then, the soft start adjusting unit 120 directly outputs the power supply voltage to the voltage stabilizing unit 191, and the voltage stabilizing unit 191 generates and supplies the power. The operating voltages of equal voltage are supplied to the load unit 192 for use by the load unit 192. In this way, it is possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of the inrush current (Inruch Current) and cause damage to the circuit function, thereby increasing the safety of the circuit.

In addition, the control unit 140 may also compare the current detection signal with a preset current value (overcurrent or short circuit current) to generate a third control signal. For example, when the current value of the current detection signal is less than the preset current value, indicating that the circuit has no short circuit, the control unit 140 generates a third control signal, for example, a low logic level; when the current value of the current detection signal is greater than When the current value is preset, it indicates that the circuit has a short circuit, and the control unit 140 generates a third control signal such as a high logic level.

Further, the power supply device 100 having a soft start and protection function further includes a display unit 150. The display unit 150 is coupled to the control unit 140 and receives the third control signal generated by the control unit 140 to display the third control signal. The display unit 150 is, for example, an indicator light (or a display screen). For example, when the display unit 150 receives the third control signal of the low logic level, the display unit 150 does not illuminate to indicate that the circuit does not have a short circuit. When the display unit 150 receives the third control signal of the high logic level, the display unit 150 illuminates to indicate that the circuit has a short circuit, thereby informing the user that the power supply device 100 having the soft start and protection functions is required or Its load 190 is processed for subsequent maintenance. In this way, the embodiment can further protect and show whether the circuit has a short circuit to increase the safety of the power supply device 100 with soft start and protection functions or the entire system.

In addition, the power supply device 100 having a soft start and protection function further includes a voltage detecting unit 160. The voltage detecting unit 160 is coupled to the control unit 140 and is coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit 191 (ie, coupled to both ends of the voltage stabilizing unit 191), and measures the operating voltage generated by the voltage stabilizing unit 191 to generate a voltage detecting signal to The control unit 140 performs subsequent processing. During the soft start process, the voltage detection signal may specifically reflect the state in which the operating voltage of the voltage stabilizing unit 191 is established. Further, in an embodiment, the control unit 140 can monitor the establishment of the operating voltage on the voltage stabilizing unit 191 during the soft start according to the voltage detection signal provided by the voltage detecting unit 160, so that the control unit 140 can simultaneously The soft start adjustment unit 120 is controlled according to the current detection signal and the voltage detection signal to generate the first control signal and the second control signal, thereby adjusting the output of the soft start current. In another embodiment, after the soft start is completed, the voltage detecting unit 160 can continue to monitor the power voltage of the power unit 110, and the control unit 140 can send other overvoltage or undervoltage protection signals as appropriate.

In addition, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 , the soft start adjustment unit 120 is configured to be coupled to the positive end of the power supply unit 110 , and the current detection unit 130 is configured to be coupled to the negative end of the power supply unit 110 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the soft start adjustment unit 120 and the current detection unit 130 can be replaced with the configured position, that is, the soft start adjustment unit 120 can be configured to be coupled to the negative end of the power supply unit 110, and the current detection unit 130 can be configured on the power supply. The positive end of unit 110 can also achieve the same effect. Moreover, the implementation of the replaced system architecture can still refer to the description of FIG. 1, and therefore will not be further described herein.

FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of a soft start adjustment unit disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. The soft start adjustment unit 120 includes a first switch unit 210 and a current adjustment unit 220.

The first switch unit 210 is coupled to the power supply unit 110 and the control unit 140 and is adapted to be coupled to the voltage stabilization unit 191 to receive the power supply voltage and the first control signal to output the power supply voltage to the voltage stabilization unit 191 according to the first control signal. In an embodiment, the first switching unit 210 can be operated in a "linear working area" as a line current resistor, and the first switching unit 210 is controlled by the first control signal to control the soft start current and Reduce the purpose of surge current.

The current adjustment unit 220 is coupled to the control unit 140 and coupled to the first switch unit 210 in parallel, receives the power voltage and the second control signal, converts the power voltage into a soft start current, and adjusts and outputs the soft start current to the voltage stabilization unit 191.

Further, the current adjustment unit 220 includes a first resistor R1 and a second switch unit S2. The first resistor R1 has a first end and a second end, and the first end of the first resistor R1 is coupled to the power unit 110.

The second switch unit S2 is coupled to the second end of the first resistor R1, the control unit 140 and the voltage stabilizing unit 191, and receives the second control signal C2. And, the second switching unit S2 receives the second control signal C2 to be turned on or off by the control of the second control signal C2.

The second switching unit S2 may be a field effect transistor (MOSFET), such as a P-type MOSFET. The first end of the second switching unit S2 (ie, the gate of the P-type MOSFET) receives the second control signal C2, and the second end of the second switching unit S2 (ie, the source of the P-type MOSFET) is coupled. Connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the third end of the second switching unit S2 (ie, the drain of the P-type MOSFET is coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit 191. In another embodiment, the second switching unit S2 is for example It can also be implemented as an N-type MOSFET.

In addition, in the embodiment, the first switching unit 210 is a field effect transistor, such as a P-type MOSFET. The first end of the first switching unit 210 (ie, the gate terminal of the P-type MOSFET) receives the first control signal C1, and the second end of the first switching unit 210 (ie, the source terminal of the P-type MOSFET) is coupled to the power supply unit 110, The third terminal of a switching unit 210 (ie, the 汲 terminal of the P-type MOSFET) is coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit 191. Further, the first switching unit 210 is a high-power field effect transistor.

In the overall operation, when the power supply device 100 having the soft start and protection functions starts to operate, the control unit 140 generates, for example, a high logic level first control signal C1 and a low logic level second control signal C2, so that When the switching unit 210 is not turned on and the second switching unit S2 is turned on, the path through which the soft-start current flows is the first resistor R1 and the second switching unit S2, so that the operating voltage generated by the voltage stabilizing unit 191 can be increased to be close to the power source. The voltage value of the voltage.

Then, when the operating voltage of the voltage stabilizing unit 191 is close to or nearly coincides with the operating voltage generated by the power supply unit 110, the control unit 140 generates a first control signal C1, for example, a low logic level, to TURN ON the first switching unit. 210, the first switching unit 210 is turned on, and generates a second control signal C2, for example, a high logic level, so that the second switching unit S2 is not turned on to turn off the current adjusting unit 220 to complete the soft start process, so that the voltage stabilizing unit 191 The same operating voltage as the supply voltage can be generated to the load unit 192. In this way, the occurrence of surge current can be effectively avoided, and the circuit function is damaged, so as to increase the safety of the circuit.

The power supply device with the soft start and protection functions provided by the embodiment generates a first control signal and a second control signal according to the current detection signal generated by the current detecting unit by the control unit to control the soft start adjustment unit. The soft-start current allows the operating voltage generated by the voltage regulator unit to gradually increase to the same or close to the voltage value of the power supply voltage according to the soft-start adjustment unit, complete the soft-start procedure, and then directly output the power supply voltage to the voltage stabilization unit. In this way, it is possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of a surge current and cause damage to the circuit function. When the external loop of the system has a real short circuit condition, the soft start program may be abnormally found or failed, thereby prohibiting the power supply voltage from being outputted to the short circuit system circuit to increase the safety of the circuit; and the circuit design is simple, and the circuit components are used. Less to reduce the cost of circuit use. In addition, the display unit displays whether or not the circuit has a short circuit, and prompts the user to increase the safety of the circuit. In addition, the control unit can further generate the corresponding first control signal and the second control signal according to the current detection signal and the voltage detection signal generated by the voltage detection unit, and can also avoid the generation of the surge current and cause the circuit function to be affected. The effect of the loss situation.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above in the foregoing embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. The changes and refinements that are made without departing from the spirit and scope of this creation are within the scope of patent protection of this creation. Please refer to the attached patent application scope for the scope of protection defined by this creation.

100‧‧‧Power supply unit with soft start and protection
110‧‧‧Power unit
120‧‧‧Soft start adjustment unit
130‧‧‧current detection unit
140‧‧‧Control unit
150‧‧‧ display unit
160‧‧‧Voltage detection unit
190‧‧‧load
191‧‧‧Stabilizer
192‧‧‧Load unit
210‧‧‧First switch unit
220‧‧‧current adjustment unit
C1‧‧‧ first control signal
C2‧‧‧second control signal
R1‧‧‧first resistance
S2‧‧‧Second switch unit

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply device with soft start and protection functions disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of a soft start adjustment unit disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

100‧‧‧Power supply unit with soft start and protection

110‧‧‧Power unit

120‧‧‧Soft start adjustment unit

130‧‧‧current detection unit

140‧‧‧Control unit

150‧‧‧ display unit

160‧‧‧Voltage detection unit

190‧‧‧load

191‧‧‧Stabilizer

192‧‧‧Load unit

Claims (9)

A power supply device with a soft start and protection function, is suitable for supplying power to a load, the load includes a voltage stabilizing unit and a load unit coupled in parallel, and the power supply with soft start and protection functions includes: a unit, generating a power supply voltage; a soft start adjustment unit coupled to the power supply unit and adapted to be coupled to the voltage stabilization unit, receiving the power supply voltage, a first control signal, and a second control signal, according to the first The control signal and the second control signal convert the power supply voltage into a soft start current, and adjust and output the soft start current to the voltage stabilization unit or output the power supply voltage to the voltage stabilization unit or disable the power supply voltage output to The voltage stabilizing unit is coupled to the power supply unit and is coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit, and measures a current of a loop formed between the power unit and the voltage stabilizing unit to generate a current detecting signal. And a control unit coupled to the current detecting unit to receive the current detecting signal to generate the first control signal and the second control signal. The power supply device of claim 1, wherein the soft start adjustment unit comprises: a first switch unit coupled to the power supply unit and the control unit and adapted to be coupled to the voltage stabilization unit Receiving the power supply voltage and the first control signal to output the power supply voltage to the voltage stabilizing unit according to the first control signal; and a current adjusting unit coupled to the control unit and coupled to the first switching unit in parallel Receiving the power voltage and the second control signal, converting the power voltage to the soft start current to output the soft start current to the voltage stabilization unit. The power supply device of claim 2, wherein the current adjustment unit comprises: a first resistor having a first end and a second end, the first end of the first resistor And the second switching unit is coupled to the second end of the first resistor, the control unit and the voltage stabilizing unit, and receives the second control signal. The power supply device of claim 3, wherein the second switch unit is a field effect transistor, and the first end of the second switch unit receives the second control signal, the second switch The second end of the second switch is coupled to the second end of the first resistor, and the third end of the second switch unit is coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit. The power supply device of claim 2, wherein the first switch unit is a field effect transistor, and the first end of the first switch unit receives the first control signal, the first switch The second end of the unit is coupled to the power unit, and the third end of the first switch unit is coupled to the voltage stabilizing unit. A power supply device having a soft start and protection function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power supply unit is a power supply or a battery pack. A power supply device having a soft start and protection function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is a microcontroller or a microprocessor. The power supply device with the soft start and protection functions of claim 1, further comprising: a display unit coupled to the control unit, receiving a third control signal generated by the control unit to display the third control signal. The power supply device having the soft start and protection functions as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a voltage detecting unit coupled to the control unit, and adapted to be coupled in parallel to the voltage stabilizing unit, and measuring the voltage generating unit a working voltage to generate a voltage detection signal to the control unit.