TWM540290U - Optical communication module for improving photo-coupling efficiency - Google Patents

Description

Optical communication module for improving coupling efficiency

This creation is about an optical communication module, especially an optical communication module that can improve the coupling efficiency.

In the field of optical communication, when introducing a light beam into an optical fiber, the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical system must be considered, and the acceptance angle acceptable to the optical fiber can be measured. An optical fiber with a low numerical aperture has a relatively small light-receiving angle, and is often difficult to couple or lose excessively when coupling light is performed, resulting in a decrease in module yield and an allowable error value (Tolerance) of the coupled light-coupled position.

Generally, the fiber cores in the fiber optic docking socket (Receptacle) are mostly made of standard single-mode fiber SMF-28, because of its specific numerical aperture (NA=0.14, at the optical signal wavelength of 1310nm) and core diameter (8.2 Um), when coupling light, the coupling lens and the laser element can only be placed on the high-precision machine to improve the coupling efficiency of the optical system. The single-mode fiber SMF-28 is a standard fiber and therefore low in cost. However, it is limited by the low numerical aperture and small core diameter of the single-mode fiber itself, and often has difficulty in coupling light or excessive loss in coupling light.

In order to solve the above problem, part of the packaging method is to cut the oblique end angle of the single-mode optical fiber core end in the fiber docking socket, so that the end surface has a specific angle and can receive For incident laser light at a specific angle from the optical axis, if the angle of the incident laser light is matched with the specific angle of the end face, the 360-degree rotational positioning platform of the automatic coupling machine is required to search for the maximum coupled light power value, but this takes time and labor. In order to find the relative maximum coupling power value, and to optimize the optimal coupling power value, it will cause the horizontal deviation of the light-receiving cone angle. This coupling method may not meet the requirements of the mechanism, and sometimes even the horizontal offset cannot be achieved. When the absolute maximum coupling efficiency is satisfied, the maximum coupling power value must be obtained by tilting the end face of the fiber with a certain angle, which is the actual value of the optical communication component after the coupling is coupled to ensure that the mechanism is flat and sealed. demand. In addition, if the incident laser light angle is very small or does not deviate from the optical axis angle, the single-mode fiber core end face has a certain angle of inclination, so that part of the light beam falls outside this specific angle, but cannot be coupled to the true maximum value of the optical power. At that time, it is necessary to replace the single-mode fiber core end face without end face angle or multiple end face angles. This angle matching trial and error method will take time and labor, which will not improve the production efficiency of the optical communication module.

In addition, some packaging methods use a standard multimode fiber (Multi-Mode Fiber) in the fiber optic docking socket, which has a large core diameter and high numerical aperture characteristics, which can increase the specific angle of the large laser beam and the deviation from the optical axis. The incident laser light. Although this design increases the light-receiving area and the light-receiving angle of the incident surface, and the external fiber can use a multimode fiber (fiber core) to make a lossless connection, when connected to an external single-mode fiber, due to the multimode fiber ( The core diameter of the fiber core is larger than the core diameter of the single-mode fiber (external fiber), which causes a greater loss in the interface between the fiber and the fiber during signal transmission.

The main purpose of this creation is to solve the problem that the optical fiber core of the conventional fiber optic docking socket adopts a single numerical aperture, resulting in poor coupling efficiency.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an optical communication module for improving light coupling efficiency, comprising a fiber optic docking socket and a light emitter body disposed on a side of the fiber optic docking socket. The fiber optic docking socket has a socket body, and a through hole disposed in the socket body for the dual-core fiber. The socket body has a light-receiving side and a fiber slot respectively corresponding to the two ends of the socket. . The light emitter main system includes a housing, and a laser semiconductor disposed in the housing, and has an opening on one side of the housing for alignment to the through hole to the laser semiconductor Laser light is coupled to the dual core fiber. The dual-core optical fiber in the through hole includes a light-receiving section and a coupling section having different numerical apertures, and the light-receiving section has a larger numerical aperture relative to the coupling section for increasing the receiving side. The light angle is to increase the coupling efficiency, and the coupling section has the same mode field diameter as the external fiber or is not larger than or close to the core diameter of the external fiber to increase the coupling efficiency with the external fiber.

Further, the light-receiving section has a larger core diameter relative to the coupling section for increasing the light-receiving area of the light-receiving side.

Further, the core diameter of the coupling section does not exceed 8.2 μm of the core diameter of the outer fiber.

Further, the core diameter of the coupling section does not exceed 2.7 μm of the core diameter of the outer fiber.

Further, the numerical aperture of the coupling section is not greater than or close to The numerical aperture of the external fiber.

Further, the numerical aperture of the coupling section does not exceed the numerical aperture of the external fiber by 0.14.

Further, the numerical aperture of the coupling section does not exceed the numerical aperture of the external fiber by 0.046.

Further, the coupling section of the dual-core optical fiber is an integrally formed pyramidal fiber formed by combining the light-receiving section and the coupling section in a fusion taper.

Further, the dual-core optical fiber is a Thermally Expanded Core Fiber (TEC fiber) or a Stepwise Transitional Core Fiber (STC fiber).

Further, the dual-core fiber is an intermediate fiber having a coupling structure between the light-receiving section and the coupling section.

Further, the coupling structure includes: an inner arc surface formed by sintering the end of the light-receiving section near the coupling section, and an inner side of the inner arc surface and the light-receiving section and the a refractive index coupling material between the coupling sections; and/or an inner arc surface formed by sintering the end of the coupling section adjacent to the end of the light receiving section, and filling the inner side of the inner arc surface and the receiving A refractive index coupling material between the light segment and the coupling segment.

Further, the coupling structure includes: an inner arc surface formed by sintering the end of the light-receiving section near the coupling section, and a concentrating lens is disposed on the inner side of the inner arc surface; and Or one of the coupling sections is adjacent to the light collecting area An inner arc surface formed by sintering one end of the segment inwardly, and a collecting lens corresponding to the inner side of the inner arc surface.

Further, the coupling structure includes: a plane formed by the end of the light-receiving section being close to the coupling section; a plane formed by the coupling section being close to one end of the light-receiving section And a collecting lens disposed between the light collecting section and the coupling section.

Further, the coupling structure includes: an outer curved surface formed by sintering the outer side of the light receiving section near the coupling section; or an outer side of the coupling section adjacent to the light receiving section An outer curved surface formed by sintering.

Further, the light-receiving section and the coupling section have the same outer diameter.

Further, a coupling lens is disposed between the laser semiconductor and the through hole for aligning the laser light of the laser semiconductor to the dual-core optical fiber in the through hole via the light receiving side.

Further, a difference between a core diameter of the light-receiving section and a core diameter of the coupling section is less than or equal to 107 μm.

Further, the numerical aperture of the light-receiving section is greater than 0.105.

Further, the light collecting section is a multimode fiber, and the coupling section is a single mode fiber.

Therefore, this creation has the following advantages over the prior art:

1. The present invention increases the coupling efficiency of the optical communication module through the optical fiber having two different numerical apertures, and solves the problem that the optical fiber core of the conventional fiber-optic docking socket has only a single numerical aperture, resulting in poor coupling efficiency.

2. The present invention reduces the reflection loss caused by the interconnection between the optical fiber and the optical fiber by melting the two different optical fibers or by providing a coupling structure and a refractive index coupling material between the two optical fibers, thereby increasing the coupling efficiency.

100‧‧‧Optical communication module

10‧‧‧Fiber docking socket

11‧‧‧Socket body

12‧‧‧through holes

13‧‧‧Z-axis positioning tube

P1‧‧‧ Receiving side

P2‧‧‧ fiber slot

20‧‧‧Light emitter body

21‧‧‧ housing

211‧‧‧Base

212‧‧‧Upper cover

213‧‧‧ plane

214‧‧‧ Positioning platform

215‧‧ ‧ calibration hole

22‧‧‧Laser Semiconductor

23‧‧‧ openings

24 ‧ ‧ pedestal

25‧‧‧ lens

26‧‧‧Optical isolator

‧‧‧‧ Receiving half angle

n ₁ ‧‧‧ refractive index of the fiber core

n ₂ ‧‧‧Refractive index of the coating

OF‧‧‧External fiber

SF‧‧‧Cone Fiber

SF1‧‧‧Lighting section

SF2‧‧‧ coupling section

SF3‧‧‧ tapered core

IF‧‧‧Intermediate fiber

IF1‧‧‧Lighting section

IF11‧‧‧ inner arc surface

IF2‧‧‧ coupling section

IF21‧‧‧ inner arc surface

IMM‧‧‧index coupling material

JF‧‧‧Intermediate fiber

JF1‧‧‧Lighting section

JF11‧‧‧ inner arc surface

JF2‧‧‧ coupling section

JF21‧‧‧ inner arc surface

JF3‧‧‧ Concentrating lens

IMM1‧‧‧index coupling material

IMM2‧‧‧index coupling material

KF‧‧‧Intermediate fiber

KF1‧‧‧Lighting section

KF11‧‧ plane

KF2‧‧‧ coupling section

KF21‧‧ plane

KF3‧‧‧ Concentrating lens

IMM3‧‧‧index coupling material

IMM4‧‧‧index coupling material

MF‧‧‧Intermediate fiber

MF1‧‧‧Lighting section

MF11‧‧‧outer curved surface

MF2‧‧‧ coupling section

MF21‧‧ plane

NF‧‧‧Intermediate fiber

NF1‧‧‧Lighting section

NF11‧‧ plane

NF2‧‧‧ coupling section

NF21‧‧‧outer curved surface

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a light collecting cone angle of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

The detailed description and technical content of this creation are described below with reference to the drawings. Furthermore, the drawings in this creation are for convenience of description, and the proportions thereof are not necessarily drawn to the actual scale, and the drawings and their proportions are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and are described herein first.

This creation is aimed at the fiber optic docking socket of the optical communication module. Good, by inserting the optical fiber docking socket of the optical communication module into the optical fiber having two different numerical apertures (core apertures) and a core diameter, the coupling efficiency of the light-receiving side is increased and the combination with the external optical fiber is reduced. Coupling loss due to core diameter or mode field diameter mismatch.

The following is a description of a specific implementation of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1 for a cross-sectional view of a specific implementation of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present embodiment discloses an optical communication module. 100, mainly comprising a fiber optic docking socket 10, and a light emitter body 20 disposed on a side of the fiber optic docking socket 10.

The optical fiber docking socket 10 has a socket main body 11, a through hole 12 disposed in the socket main body 11 for the dual-core optical fiber, and a Z-axis positioning cylinder 13 disposed on one side of the socket main body 11. The socket body 11 has a light receiving side P1 and a fiber slot P2 corresponding to the two ends of the through hole 12 respectively.

The light emitter body 20 includes a housing 21, a laser semiconductor 22 disposed in the housing 21, and an opening 23 on the side of the housing 21 for alignment thereto. The hole 12 is coupled to the dual-core optical fiber in the through hole 12 via the lens 25 by the laser light sent from the laser semiconductor 22. The housing 21 can be divided into a base 211 and an upper cover 212 disposed on the base 211. The upper side of the base 211 has a flat surface 213 for arranging the sub-base 24 and the lens 25, and the laser pedestal 22 or other optical communication components (such as a light monitoring diode) are disposed on the sub pedestal 24. ). A positioning platform 214 is disposed on one side of the plane 213, and the positioning is flat. The stage 214 is perpendicular to the plane 213 and has a calibration hole 215 therein for alignment with the laser semiconductor 22 for laser light to pass therethrough. The upper cover 212 is used to seal the above-mentioned electronic components from the upper side, thereby achieving the sealing effect. An optical isolator 26 (Isolator) is disposed on the calibration hole 215, and the reflected light beam of the light-receiving side P1 is isolated through the optical isolator 26.

When the package is packaged, the socket body 11 is first placed on the Z-axis positioning cylinder 13 and calibrated by a light coupling device (not shown). The coupling light device first tests the best coupling position of the socket body 11 and the Z-axis positioning cylinder 13 on the Z-axis, and fixes the socket body 11 to the Z-axis positioning cylinder by electric welding or laser welding. 13 is used to fix the distance between the light-receiving side P1 and the laser semiconductor 22. After being fixed in the Z-axis direction, the Z-axis positioning cylinder 13 (which has been combined with the socket body 11) is moved on the XY plane, and the Z-axis is transmitted by means of electric welding or laser welding when the optimal coupling position is found. The positioning cylinder 13 is fixed on the positioning platform 214 to fix the relative position of the socket body 11 and the calibration hole 215 on the XY plane.

In the present creation, the dual-core optical fiber in the socket body 11 has two different numerical apertures, and the numerical aperture affects the size of the optical fiber cone angle. In a preferred embodiment, the dual-core optical fiber can have two different or close core diameters, and the core diameter affects the light-receiving area of the optical fiber. In principle, the size of the numerical aperture (NA) depends on the refractive index between the core of the fiber and the outer cladding. Please refer to Figure 2 for the following formula:

Wherein, α is the light-receiving half angle of the optical fiber, n ₁ is the refractive index of the core of the optical fiber, and n ₂ is the refractive index of the cladding. The light beam in the range of positive and negative light receiving angles can be totally reflected when entering the optical fiber. Therefore, the relationship between the size of the light receiving angle and the coupling light efficiency has a positive correlation with each other. At the same time, after the laser light is focused by the lens 25, the effective area of the spot is smaller than the light receiving area, and the light coupling efficiency is also improved.

In order to increase the light-receiving angle and the light-receiving area, it is preferable to use a numerical aperture (Nortical Aperture) and a core diameter larger fiber (for example, multimode fiber MMF), but if the core diameter of the fiber is connected to the core When a fiber with a small diameter (for example, a single-mode fiber SMF) is easily damaged at the joint, the resulting loss can be obtained according to the following formula:

Where D ₁ is the core diameter of the transmitting fiber and D ₂ is the core diameter of the receiving fiber. When the core diameter of the receiving fiber is greater than or equal to the core diameter of the transmitting fiber, the loss caused by the approach approaches zero, but there may still be some loss due to the error value, so the core diameter of the best-mode receiving fiber cannot be less than the transmission. The core diameter of the fiber.

When the fiber is connected to the fiber, in addition to the core diameter affecting the coupling efficiency of the fiber coupling, the numerical aperture (Nortical Aperture) mismatch also causes coupling loss when the fiber is docked. The resulting losses can be obtained according to the following formula:

Among them, NA ₁ is the numerical aperture of the transmission fiber, and NA ₂ is the numerical aperture of the receiving fiber. When the numerical aperture of the receiving fiber is greater than or equal to the numerical aperture of the transmitting fiber, the loss caused by the approach approaches zero, but there may still be some loss due to the error value, so the numerical aperture of the best-mode receiving fiber cannot be smaller than the transmission. The numerical aperture of the fiber.

When a single-mode fiber is connected to a single-mode fiber, the difference of the Modal Field Diameter (MFD) in different fibers must be considered. If the mode field diameter is different, a coupling loss will occur between the fiber and the fiber. The resulting losses can be obtained according to the following formula:

Where ω ₁ is the mode field diameter of the transmitting fiber and ω ₂ is the mode field diameter of the receiving fiber. When the mode field diameter of the transmitting fiber approaches the mode field diameter of the receiving fiber, the resulting loss approaches zero; the rest is lost when the mode field diameter of the transmitting fiber is larger or smaller than the mode field diameter of the receiving fiber.

It can be known from the above that considering the problem of the optical fiber cone angle and the light-receiving area, it is preferable to use a fiber with a larger numerical aperture on the side of the light-receiving side (the side aligned to the laser semiconductor). The side of the light-emitting (coupling with the external fiber) should preferably use an optical fiber having a core diameter and a numerical aperture not greater than or close to the external fiber or having the same mode field diameter as the external fiber to avoid loss due to coupling or coupling.

In the following embodiments, the optical fiber (the optical fiber in the through hole 12) in the socket main body 11 has two embodiments. A dual-core fiber with different numerical apertures increases the light-collecting efficiency by increasing the light-receiving angle of the P1 fiber on the light-receiving side, and reduces the core diameter or mode field between the fiber-optic slot P2 side and the external fiber OF by the dual-core fiber. Coupling loss due to diameter mismatch.

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 for a functional block diagram and a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the embodiment, the coupling section of the dual-core fiber is The light-receiving section and the coupling section combine the formed integrally formed pyramidal fiber in a melted taper. Specifically, when performing a fusion taper, it is necessary to prepare two fibers respectively having a higher numerical aperture (for example, a multimode fiber MMF or a special single mode fiber) and having a core diameter not greater than or close to the external fiber OF or An optical fiber having the same mode field diameter as the external optical fiber OF (for example, SMF) provides a temperature exceeding 1400 degrees Celsius to 1700 degrees Celsius at the junction between the two optical fibers to fuse the two optical fibers after fusion; At the junction, the thermoelectric device that excites the high temperature arc through the flame or discharge electrode that burns pure oxygen and hydrogen provides a continuous high temperature (about 1100 to 1200 degrees Celsius) at the melting point, and two at the melting point of the fiber. The sides are respectively stretched by force on both sides by a stretching machine to continuously apply temperature to the molten position, thereby forming a semi-finished fiber having two different numerical apertures or core diameters.

When the semi-finished fiber is subjected to the taper, the strength, distance, time of stretching, and the temperature applied to the semi-finished fiber must be appropriately adjusted, whereby the core of the fiber in the fiber can be tapered by stretching to form a diameter. A cone fiber SF having a tapered core SF3. The tapered core SF3 can reduce the loss caused by the reflection, improve the transmission rate of the signal, and effectively reduce the light beam in two different cores. Loss of optical power caused by core diameter conversion.

In the above manner, different optical fibers can be combined into a single tapered optical fiber SF for plugging into the through hole 12 of the socket main body 11 to make an optical fiber having a high numerical aperture (for example, A portion of the multimode fiber MMF or a special single mode fiber is used as the light-receiving section SF1 adjacent to the light-receiving side P1, and the core diameter or numerical aperture is not larger than or close to the external fiber OF or the same as the external fiber OF mode field diameter. The fiber (for example, single mode fiber SMF) is used as the coupling section SF2 to connect the external fiber OF. The light-receiving section SF1 is directly coupled to the laser semiconductor 22 via the lens 25 for increasing the light-receiving angle and the light-receiving area of the light-receiving side P1; the coupling section SF2 is coupled to the external optical fiber OF through the same mode. The field diameter is either no greater than or close to the core diameter or numerical aperture of the outer fiber OF to reduce the loss of coupling. The numerical aperture of the light-receiving section SF1 is preferably greater than 0.105, and the core diameter is between 7 μm and 110 μm . In this range, the light-receiving efficiency can reach a better value, but an understandable value. The larger the aperture is, the more the angle of the light-receiving cone angle can be increased. In the present creation, it is not limited to the above numerical range; the mode field diameter of the coupling section SF2 is equal to the mode field diameter of the external fiber OF, or is not larger or closer. The core diameter of the external optical fiber OF is preferred. Thereby, not only the coupling efficiency of the light collecting side P1 of the optical fiber in the through hole 12 is increased, but also the coupling loss between the optical fiber in the through hole 12 and the external optical fiber OF is reduced. The core diameter of the coupling section SF2 is close to the core diameter of the outer fiber OF, and the core diameter of the coupling section SF2 is not more than 2.7 μm of the core diameter of the outer fiber OF, and the loss can be controlled within this range. In the preferred range, if only the coupling efficiency is controlled within the allowable range, the core diameter of the coupling section SF2 should not exceed 8.2 μm of the core diameter of the outer fiber OF. The numerical aperture of the coupling section SF2 is close to the external optical fiber OF, and the numerical aperture of the coupling section SF2 does not exceed the numerical aperture of the external optical fiber OF46, and the loss can be controlled within the range. In the range, if the coupling efficiency is only controlled within the allowable range, the numerical aperture of the coupling section SF2 should not exceed the numerical aperture 0.14 of the external optical fiber OF.

In a preferred embodiment, the core diameter of the light-receiving section SF1 can be a larger core diameter for increasing the light-receiving area of the light-receiving side P1. Through the structure of the tapered core SF3, the core diameter of the light-receiving section SF1 may be larger or closer to the core diameter of the coupling section SF2. However, in order to avoid excessive loss of the core diameter difference value, excessive loss occurs between the light-receiving section SF1 and the coupling section SF2. In a preferred embodiment, the core diameter of the light-receiving section SF1 and the coupling section The core diameter difference of SF2 is less than or equal to 107 μm. In this range, the length and angle of the tapered core SF3 can be controlled within a reasonable range, but the above values still need to consider the practical requirements for product specifications. The creation is not intended to be limited to the above range.

In addition to the above embodiments, it is also possible to use a thermally expanded core fiber (TEC fiber) or a large core fiber (LCF) and a transition fiber (TF) composed of different core diameters. Stepwise transitional core fiber (STC fiber) or large core fiber (LCF) taper forming and single mode fiber fusion to form a single fiber with two different numerical apertures and core diameters, or other utilization This special composite fiber is made by a special process to replace the socket body 11 The pyramidal fiber SF in the through hole 12 is not limited in this creation. In addition, although the optical fibers of the light-receiving section SF1 and the light-coupled section SF2 are described by a multimode fiber (MMF) and a single mode fiber (SMF), the present invention does not intend to limit the types of the fiber implementation. Under the main creative spirit of this creation, it should fall within the equal scope of this creation.

The following is a description of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 for a functional block diagram and a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure: In the above preferred embodiment, the dual-core optical fiber system can be used in the light-receiving section IF1 and the coupling section IF2 by inserting a single tapered optical fiber SF into the inner hole 12 of the socket body 11. A coupling structure is disposed in the middle to form an intermediate fiber IF having a different numerical aperture or core diameter. Specifically, the optical fibers respectively inserted into different numerical apertures or core diameters are respectively used as the light-receiving section IF1 and the coupling section IF2. The light beam passing through the light-receiving section IF1 is condensed through the coupling structure between the light-receiving section IF1 and the coupling section IF2 to be coupled to the coupling section IF2 having a smaller core diameter.

In the case that the core diameter of the light-receiving section IF1 is larger than the core diameter of the coupling section IF2, in order to avoid the mismatch loss caused by the core diameter of the input fiber being larger than the core diameter of the output fiber during transmission The multimode fiber enters the single mode fiber. In a preferred embodiment, the end of the light receiving section IF1 adjacent to the coupling section IF2 is inwardly directed (from the fiber edge to the inner side of the fiber) and has an inner arc surface. IF11, the coupling section IF2 is close to one end of the light-receiving section IF1 Inner (from the inner edge of the fiber toward the inner side of the fiber) is sintered with an inner arc surface IF21, and by combining the inner arc surfaces IF11, IF21 and filling the refractive index coupling material IMM therein to form a lenticular lens, the light beam of the light-receiving section IF1 Focusing on the core of the coupling section IF2 avoids coupling losses due to different core diameters. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the refractive index coupling material IMM should be greater than the refractive index of the core materials of the two sides of the light-receiving section IF1 and the light-coupled section IF2, thereby achieving the effect of collecting light.

In addition to the above embodiments, the inner arc surfaces IF11 and IF21 may be separately formed on one end of the fiber end (light-receiving section IF1 or coupling section IF2), and formed by using a refractive index coupling material IMM. A condensable plano-convex lens is not limited in this creation.

In the case of efficiently coupling the beam of the light-receiving section IF1 to the coupling section IF2, the curvature of the inner arc surface IF11, IF21 should match the difference between the core diameter of the light-receiving section IF1 and the coupling section IF2. At the same time, the spacing between the light-receiving section IF1 and the coupling section IF2 must be considered, and the core diameter difference is strongly correlated with the curvature and spacing of the inner arc surfaces IF11 and IF21. In a preferred embodiment, the core diameter of the light-receiving section IF1 can be a larger core diameter for increasing the light-receiving area of the light-receiving side P1. The core diameter of the light-receiving section IF1 may be greater than or close to the core diameter of the coupling section IF2 through the coupling structure. However, in order to avoid excessive loss of the core diameter difference, excessive loss occurs between the light-receiving section IF1 and the coupling section IF2. In a preferred embodiment, the core diameter of the light-receiving section IF1 and the coupling section The core diameter difference of IF2 is less than or equal to 107 μm. In this range, the curvature of the inner arc surface IF11, IF21 and the spacing between the light receiving section IF1 and the coupling section IF2 may be The control is within a reasonable range, but the above values are still subject to practical requirements for product specifications, and are not intended to be limited to the above scope in this creation.

In the above manner, optical fibers of different numerical apertures and core diameters can be respectively inserted into the same through hole 12 as separate optical fibers, and portions of high numerical aperture optical fibers (for example, multimode optical fibers MMF) are used as proximity. The light-receiving section IF1 of the light side P1, the optical fiber having a mode field diameter equal to or having a core diameter or a numerical aperture not larger than or close to the external optical fiber OF (for example, a single-mode optical fiber SMF) is used as the coupling section IF2 connecting the external optical fiber OF, The light-receiving section IF1 is directly coupled to the laser semiconductor 22 via the lens 25 for increasing the light-receiving angle and the light-receiving area of the light-receiving side P1; the coupling section IF2 is coupled to the external optical fiber OF by means of the middle The structure of the inner arc surfaces IF11 and IF21 increases the coupling efficiency between the fibers of different core diameters, and reduces the loss of coupling. Preferably, the numerical aperture of the light-receiving section IF1 is greater than 0.105, and the core diameter is preferably between 7 μm and 110 μm ; the mode field diameter of the coupling section IF2 is equal to the mode field diameter of the external optical fiber OF, or It is preferred that the core diameter or numerical aperture is not greater than or close to the core diameter of the outer fiber OF. Thereby, not only the coupling efficiency of the light collecting side P1 is increased, but also the coupling loss between the optical fiber in the through hole 12 and the external optical fiber OF is reduced. The core diameter of the coupling section IF2 is close to the core diameter of the external fiber OF, and the core diameter of the coupling section IF2 is not more than 2.7 μm of the core diameter of the external fiber, and the loss can be controlled within the range. In the range, if only the coupling efficiency is controlled within the allowable range, the core diameter of the coupling section IF2 should not exceed 8.2 μm of the core diameter of the outer fiber OF. The numerical aperture of the coupling section IF2 is close to the outer fiber OF. The numerical aperture of the coupling section IF2 does not exceed the numerical aperture of the external fiber OF by 0.046. In this range, the loss can be controlled to be better. In the range, if the coupling efficiency is only controlled within the allowable range, the numerical aperture of the coupling section IF2 should not exceed the numerical aperture 0.14 of the external optical fiber OF.

For the continuation, please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the difference between the embodiment and the previous embodiment is only that the implementation method of the intermediate fiber coupling structure is different, and the rest are the same. Some of the following are not repeated here.

In the intermediate optical fiber JF disclosed in the embodiment, the end of the light-receiving section JF1 near the coupling section JF2 is internally sintered with the inner curved surface JF11, and the other side is adjacent to the coupling section JF2. One end of the optical section JF1 is internally sintered with an inner curved surface JF21, and a condensing lens JF3 is disposed corresponding to the inner side of the inner curved surfaces JF11 and JF21. The laser light of the light-receiving section JF1 is focused to the coupling section JF2. In order to reduce the coupling loss between the light-receiving section JF1 and the coupling section JF2.

Specifically, the condensing lens JF3 may be a lenticular lens, and the curvature of the lenticular lens is closely adhered to the inner arc surface to form a doublet lens, and each of the adhesion surfaces may be formed by using an adhesive refractive index coupling material IMM1 and IMM2. Gluing, or using an external fixture for adhesion, but still need to use a refractive index coupling material between the sealing surfaces, and the refractive index coupling materials IMM1, IMM2 are filled between the inner curved surfaces JF11, JF21 and the collecting lens JF3 . In this embodiment, the refractive index of the core of the light-receiving section JF1 and the coupling section JF2 should be lower than that of the condensing lens JF3. In a preferred aspect, the refractive index coupling material IMM1 close to the light-receiving section JF1 The refractive index should be greater than or equal to The refractive index of the light segment JF1, and the refractive index of the refractive index coupling material IMM2 close to the coupling segment JF1 should be less than or equal to the refractive index of the collecting lens JF3, forming a condensing effect. At the same time, the refractive index of the refractive index coupling materials IMM1, IMM2 is close to the refractive index of an adjacent material (for example, a core, a condensing lens, etc.), and the reflection loss when the light beam passes can also be reduced. The rest, the refractive index of the refractive index coupling materials IMM1, IMM2, the refractive index of the core of the light-receiving section JF1 and the coupling section JF2, and the condensing effect formed by the combination of the refractive index of the condenser lens JF3, There are no restrictions on creation.

In addition to the above embodiment, the inner arc surface (inner arc surface JF11 or inner arc surface JF21) may be separately formed on one end of the fiber end (light-receiving section JF1 or coupling section JF2), using A condensable plano-convex lens is disposed on the inner arc surface, which is not limited in the present creation.

For the continuation, please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the difference between the embodiment and the previous embodiment is only that the implementation method of the intermediate fiber coupling structure is different, and the rest are the same. Some of the following are not repeated here.

In the intermediate optical fiber KF disclosed in the embodiment, the end of the light-receiving section KF1 adjacent to the coupling section KF2 is flush with a plane KF11, and the coupling section KF2 is adjacent to one end of the light-receiving section KF1. There is another plane KF21, a concentrating lens KF3 is disposed between the plane KF11 of the light-receiving section KF1 and the plane KF21 of the coupling section KF2, and the refractive index coupling materials IMM3, IMM4 are filled in the concentrating The optical lens KF3 and the gap between the planes KF11 and KF21 on both sides. Converging the laser light of the light-receiving section KF1 to the coupling section through the condensing lens KF3 KF2, thereby reducing the power loss between the light-receiving section KF1 and the coupling section KF2. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the core of the light-receiving section KF1 and the coupling section KF2 should be lower than the refractive index of the condenser lens KF3, and the preferred aspect is the refractive index coupling close to the light-receiving section KF1. The refractive index of the material IMM3 should be less than or equal to the refractive index of the light-receiving section KF1; the refractive index of the refractive index coupling material IMM4 close to the coupling section KF2 should be less than or equal to the refractive index of the core of the coupling section KF2, the refractive index coupling material IMM4 The refractive index of the core of the coupling section KF2 may be greater than the refractive index of the condenser lens KF3. At the same time, the refractive index of the refractive index coupling materials IMM3 and IMM4 is close to the refractive index of an adjacent material (for example, a core, a collecting lens), and the reflection loss when the light beam passes can also be reduced. The rest, the refractive index of the refractive index coupling materials IMM3, IMM4, the refractive index of the core of the light-receiving section KF1 and the coupling section KF2, and the condensing effect formed by the combination of the refractive index of the condenser lens KF3, There are no restrictions on creation. For the continuation, please refer to "Fig. 9", which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the difference between the embodiment and the previous embodiment is only that the implementation method of the intermediate fiber coupling structure is different, and the other parts are the same. The following is not repeated here.

In the intermediate optical fiber MF disclosed in the embodiment, the end of the light-receiving section MF1 near the coupling section MF2 is sintered from the outside to form an outer curved surface MF11, and the coupling section MF2 on the other side is aligned. A plane MF21 is formed, and a refractive index coupling material IMM is filled between the outer curved surface MF11 and the plane MF21. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the refractive index light-converting material IMM should preferably be lower than the refractive index of the core of the light-receiving section MF1, thereby allowing the light beam of the light-receiving section MF1 to be concentrated. The effect of light. At the same time, the refractive index of the refractive index coupling material IMM is close to the refractive index of an adjacent material (for example, a core), and the reflection loss when the light beam passes can also be reduced.

In another preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 10, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the difference between the present embodiment and the previous embodiment is only the intermediate fiber coupling. The implementation method of the structure is different, and the rest of the same parts will not be described below.

In the intermediate optical fiber NF disclosed in the embodiment, the one end of the coupling section NF2 near the light-receiving section NF1 is sintered from the outside to form an outer curved surface NF21, and the other side of the light-receiving section NF1 is aligned. A plane NF11 is formed, and a refractive index coupling material IMM is filled between the outer arc surface NF21 and the plane NF11. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the refractive index light-converting material IMM should preferably be lower than the refractive index of the core of the light-receiving section NF1, thereby allowing the light beam of the light-receiving section NF1 to achieve the effect of collecting light. At the same time, the refractive index of the refractive index coupling material IMM is close to the refractive index of an adjacent material (for example, a core), and the reflection loss when the light beam passes can also be reduced.

In addition to the various embodiments described above, in a preferred embodiment, if the numerical aperture of the light-receiving section is higher relative to the coupling section, but the core diameter is close to or the same as the coupling section, The refractive index coupling material is directly disposed between the light-receiving section and the coupling section, and the reflection loss between the interfaces can be reduced, and the operation of collecting light through the tapered core, the lens, or the curved surface is not required.

The above various embodiments can effectively combine two optical fibers having different numerical apertures and core diameters, and effectively increase the coupling efficiency and reduce the reflection loss, and are applied to the optical fiber docking socket 10 of the optical communication module 100. , Not only can the light receiving side P1 have a wide range of light collecting angles and light collecting efficiency, but also the side of the fiber slot P2 can cope with the loss caused by the coupling of different mode field diameters (or core diameters). Similarly, although the optical fibers of the light-receiving section and the light-coupled section are described by multimode fiber (MMF) and single mode fiber (SMF), the present invention does not intend to limit the types of the fiber implementation, and does not deviate from Under the main creative spirit of this creation, it should fall within the equal scope of this creation.

In summary, the present invention increases the coupling efficiency of an optical communication module through an optical fiber having two different numerical apertures, and solves the problem that the optical fiber core of the conventional fiber-optic docking socket has only a single numerical aperture and a single core diameter, resulting in inefficient coupling. problem. In addition, the present invention reduces the loss caused by the interconnection between the optical fiber and the optical fiber by melting the two different optical fibers or by providing a coupling structure and a refractive index coupling material between the two optical fibers, thereby increasing the coupling efficiency.

The above has been described in detail in the above, except that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the creation of the creation, that is, the equality of the patent application scope of the creation. Changes and modifications are still covered by the patents of this creation.

11‧‧‧Socket body

P1‧‧‧ Receiving side

P2‧‧‧ fiber slot

22‧‧‧Laser Semiconductor

24 ‧ ‧ pedestal

25‧‧‧ lens

OF‧‧‧External fiber

SF‧‧‧Cone Fiber

Claims (19)

An optical communication module for improving light coupling efficiency, comprising: a fiber optic docking socket, having a socket body, and a through hole disposed in the socket body for the dual core fiber, wherein the socket body corresponds to the through hole Each of the two ends has a light-receiving side and a fiber-optic slot; and a light emitter body disposed on a side of the fiber-optic docking socket, the light emitter main system includes a housing, and a housing is disposed in the housing a laser semiconductor having an opening on one side of the housing for alignment to the through hole to couple the laser light of the laser to the dual core fiber; wherein the dual core fiber in the through hole comprises a light-receiving section and a coupling section having different numerical apertures, the light-receiving section having a larger numerical aperture relative to the coupling section for increasing the light-receiving angle of the light-receiving side to improve the coupling efficiency, The coupling section has the same mode field diameter as the outer fiber or is no larger or closer to the core diameter of the outer fiber to increase coupling efficiency with the outer fiber. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein the light-receiving section has a larger core diameter relative to the coupling section for increasing the light-receiving area of the light-receiving side. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein a core diameter of the coupling section does not exceed a core diameter of the outer fiber of 8.2 μm. The optical communication module of claim 3, wherein the coupling section has a core diameter of not more than 2.7 μm of a core diameter of the outer fiber. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein the numerical aperture of the coupling section is not greater than or close to a numerical aperture of the external optical fiber. The optical communication module of claim 5, wherein the numerical aperture of the coupling section does not exceed a numerical aperture of the external optical fiber by 0.14. The optical communication module of claim 6, wherein the numerical aperture of the coupling section does not exceed a numerical aperture of the external optical fiber of 0.046. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein the coupling section of the dual-core optical fiber is integrally formed by combining the light-receiving section and the coupling section by a fusion taper. Cone fiber. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein the dual-core optical fiber is a Thermally Expanded Core Fiber (TEC fiber) or a Stepwise Transitional Core Fiber (STC fiber). The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein the dual-core optical fiber is an intermediate optical fiber having a coupling structure between the light-receiving section and the coupling section. The optical communication module of claim 10, wherein the coupling structure comprises: an inner arc formed by sintering the end of the light-receiving section near the coupling section inwardly a surface, and a refractive index coupling material filled between the inner side of the inner arc surface and the light receiving section and the coupling section; and/or an inner end of the coupling section adjacent to the light receiving section And an inner arc surface formed, and an index coupling material filled between the inner side of the inner arc surface and the light receiving section and the coupling section. The optical communication module of claim 10, wherein the coupling structure comprises: an inner arc surface formed by sintering the end of the light-receiving section adjacent to the coupling section, wherein the inner arc is formed The inner side of the surface is correspondingly provided with a collecting lens; and/or an inner curved surface formed by the inner side of the inner side of the inner arc surface being formed by the inner arc surface formed by the inner side of the inner arc surface being formed by the inner arc surface of the inner side of the inner arc surface. Optical lens. The optical communication module of claim 10, wherein the coupling structure comprises: a plane formed by the end of the light-receiving section being close to the coupling section; and a coupling section is adjacent to a plane formed by the one end of the light-receiving section being aligned; and a collecting lens disposed between the light-receiving section and the coupling section. The optical communication module of claim 10, wherein the coupling structure comprises: an outer portion formed by sintering the outer side of the light-receiving section near the coupling section a curved surface; or an outer curved surface formed by sintering the outer side of the coupling section adjacent to the light receiving section. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein the light-receiving section and the coupling section have the same outer diameter. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein a coupling lens is disposed between the laser semiconductor and the through hole for transmitting the laser light of the laser semiconductor through the light receiving side Binary fiber to the through hole. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein a difference between a core diameter of the light-receiving section and a core diameter of the coupling section is less than or equal to 107 μm. The optical communication module of claim 1, wherein the numerical aperture of the light-receiving section is greater than 0.105. The optical communication module according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the light-receiving section is a multimode fiber, and the coupling section is a single-mode fiber.