TWM527439U - Composite sintering powder - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite sintering powder including an electromagnetic wave absorbing powder and a ceramic material sintered on the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder is provided. The electromagnetic wave absorbing powder is adapted to absorb an electromagnetic wave and pre-heats the ceramic powder to a first temperature lower then a second temperature, and the second temperature is the sintering temperature of the ceramic material.

Description

Composite sintered powder structure

The present invention relates to a processed powder structure, and in particular to a composite sintered powder structure suitable for three-dimensional printing.

With the development of technology, 3D printing technology and Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology have become one of the most important development technologies. These technologies are one of the rapid prototyping technologies. They can directly produce the desired finished product directly by the user-designed digital model file, and the finished product is almost a three-dimensional entity of any shape. The existing three-dimensional printing has various molding mechanisms according to various models and materials, and all materials such as liquid resin, slurry, metal (such as metal powder) or non-metal (such as ceramic powder) can pass through. Accumulate the layers by layer to construct a 3D solid of the desired shape. In the past, in the field of mold manufacturing, industrial design, etc., 3D printing technology is often used to make models, and now it is gradually used in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering, automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education. , civil engineering and other fields.

A conventional method of accumulating the above-mentioned powdery metal powder or non-metal powder stack into a three-dimensional entity includes selective laser sintering (Selective Laser Sintering, SLS) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM), both of which heat the powder to its sintering temperature or melting point to sinter or melt the powder into a film of a specific thickness. After sintering or melting, a multilayer stacked film can be fabricated to form a three-dimensional entity. However, the above sintering temperature or melting point often needs to be thousands of degrees. If the powder is directly heated from a normal temperature to a thousand degrees, during the rapid temperature rise, the temperature gradient in the powder body will generate thermal stress and accumulate in the material. Causes three-dimensional solids to curl, deform, and even rupture. Therefore, selective laser sintering (SLS) and selective laser melting (SLM) usually require the use of a preheating device to preheat the powder by reducing the temperature of the powder slightly below its sintering temperature or melting point. The temperature gradient within the small powder increases the sintering efficiency. In the prior art, selective laser sintering and selective laser melting mostly use a thermal coupler, a laser source, a near-infrared light source, etc. to preheat the powder, and then the heating There is still room for improvement in the heating efficiency and heating uniformity of the powder. In other words, how to preheat the powder more efficiently and evenly is one of the problems that researchers are currently trying to solve.

The present invention provides a composite sintered powder structure that provides good sintering in a three dimensional printing process.

The composite sintered powder structure of the embodiment of the present invention comprises an electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure and a ceramic material sintered on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure. The electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure is adapted to absorb an electromagnetic wave and heat up, thereby preheating the ceramic material The first temperature is lower than the second temperature, and the second temperature is the sintering temperature of the ceramic material.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the main components of the ceramic material include zirconium dioxide (ZrO ₂ ), Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and cerium oxide (Silicon oxide). Zirconium Silicate, Aluminum Oxide, Titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ) or a combination thereof.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of the ceramic material in the composite sintered powder structure is between 70% and 98%.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic particle absorbing powder structure of the sintered ceramic material has a center particle diameter of between 20 nanometers (nm) and 800 nanometers.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure has a weight percentage in the composite sintered powder of between 2% and 30%.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the main components of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure include silicon carbide (SiC), ferrite, barium carbide fiber, carbon black (Soot), carbon fiber, tantalum nitride. (Silicon nitride), Carbonyl iron, Zinc oxide or a combination thereof.

In an embodiment of the invention, the electromagnetic wave is a microwave.

Based on the above, the composite sintered powder structure of the embodiment of the present invention has an electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure, and the ceramic material in the composite sintered powder reaches the sintering temperature. The front can be preheated to the first temperature, so that the generation of thermal stress in the composite sintered powder structure can be reduced, thereby achieving a good sintering effect.

The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.

D1, d2‧‧‧ direction

H‧‧‧热能

L1‧‧‧ Beam

P1, k1‧‧ path

S1, S2‧‧‧ electromagnetic waves

100, 100B, 100C‧‧‧ three-dimensional printing device

110, 110B, 110C‧‧‧ preheating stage

112C‧‧‧ stage

113, 113B, 113C‧‧‧ bearing surface

114B‧‧‧ Sidewall

115B‧‧‧ inner surface

116B‧‧‧ Carrying trough

120, 120B‧‧‧ electromagnetic wave generator

121, 121B, 121C‧‧‧ electromagnetic wave preheating area

130‧‧‧ Optical scanning components

132‧‧‧Laser light source

134‧‧‧ scanning unit

200, 203B, 203C‧‧‧ powder

200A, 200C‧‧‧Composite sintered powder structure

201B, 205B‧‧‧ powder layer

210A‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave absorption powder structure

220A‧‧‧ceramic materials

300‧‧‧ powder supply module

301‧‧‧ spray end

310C‧‧‧Roller

311C‧‧‧ side

320C‧‧‧Storage carrier

321C‧‧‧ bottom

1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional printing apparatus in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic view of a composite sintered powder structure in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.

3A through 3C are schematic views of a three-dimensional printing apparatus in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional printing apparatus in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional printing apparatus in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 includes a preheating stage 110, an electromagnetic wave generator 120, and an optical scanning element 130. The electromagnetic wave generator 120 is adapted to generate an electromagnetic wave S1 to define an electromagnetic wave preheating region 121, and the preheating stage 110 is disposed in the electromagnetic wave preheating region 121. In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic wave generator 120 is connected, for example, below the preheating stage 110. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the electromagnetic wave generator 120 may be disposed at other positions suitable for defining the electromagnetic wave preheating region 121.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the preheating stage 110 is adapted to carry a powder 200, and the preheating stage 110 absorbs the electromagnetic wave S1 to raise the powder 200 to a first temperature. The optical scanning element 130 is adapted to emit a light beam L1 onto the powder 200 to locally heat the powder 200 to a second temperature, and the first temperature is lower than the second temperature, and the second temperature is the sintering temperature or melting point of the powder 200. . The light beam L1 is used to heat the powder 200 to a second temperature, wherein the first temperature is lower than the second temperature. Specifically, the three-dimensional printing apparatus of the present embodiment preheats the powder 200 to the first temperature by the preheating stage 110 that can absorb electromagnetic waves. After the powder 200 is preheated to the first temperature, the light beam L1 emitted from the optical scanning element 130 heats the local powder 200 to the sintering temperature or melting point of the powder 200. By means of two heatings, the powder 200 does not experience too much temperature difference during the heating from the first temperature to the second temperature. Therefore, after the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment sinters or melts the powder 200, excessive thermal stress is not generated during powder molding, and the overall production yield is improved.

In detail, in the present embodiment, the material of the preheating stage 110 includes, for example, silicon carbide (SiC), and the electromagnetic wave generator 120 is, for example, a microwave emission source for emitting a microwave for the preheating stage. 110 absorbs and heats, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the material of the preheating stage 110 may further include ferrite, tantalum carbide, soot, carbon fiber, silicon nitride, carbonyl iron. Other metals, non-metals or metals suitable for absorbing microwaves and having high dielectric loss or magnetic loss, such as zinc oxide The oxide absorbs electromagnetic waves emitted to the surface of the preheating stage 100 by the above material, and converts the energy of the absorbed electromagnetic wave into heat energy by dielectric loss or magnetic loss of the material. Further, the electromagnetic wave generator may be a near-infrared light generator or a generator of other wavelength electromagnetic waves, and the material of the preheating stage may further include other metals, non-metals or metal oxides to absorb the electromagnetic wave generator. The material of the electromagnetic wave emitted. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic wave S1 emitted from the electromagnetic wave generator 120 preferably has a power of 200 watts to 1000 watts, and the electromagnetic wave S1 preferably has a frequency range of 0.3 GHz to 30 GHz, but the present invention is not limited thereto. .

On the other hand, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the optical scanning element 130 includes a laser light source 132 that supplies the light beam L1 and a scanning unit 134. The scanning unit 134 is disposed on the light path of the light beam L1, and the scanning unit 134 is located between the laser light source 132 and the preheating stage 110. The optical scanning element 130 can selectively heat the powder 200 on a bearing surface 113 of the preheating stage 110. In detail, the laser source 132 is, for example, a carbon dioxide laser source, a neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd-YAG) laser source, a fiber laser source, an ultraviolet laser source or a pulse. The pumping unit 134 is, for example, a dynamic mirror, whereby the laser beam L1 emitted by the laser source 132 can be illuminated to a desired position. Specifically, the laser light source 132 of the present embodiment preferably provides a light beam having a power of 10 watts (Watts, W) to 100 watts and a spot diameter of 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm, and the scanning speed of the scanning unit 134. It is preferably from 50 to 500 mm per second, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 is applied The powder heating method includes providing the powder 200 on the bearing surface 113 of the preheating stage 110, and then supplying an electromagnetic wave S1 to the preheating stage 110 by the electromagnetic wave generator 120, so that the powder 200 is heated by the preheating stage 110 to First temperature. The beam L1 is then supplied to the local powder 200, whereby the local powder 200 is heated to a second temperature and the local powder 200 begins to sinter or melt, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The three-dimensional printing apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 except that the preheating stage 110 is not formed by an electromagnetic wave absorbing material, and the powder heated by the three-dimensional printing apparatus is one. Composite sintered powder structure. 2 is a schematic view of a composite sintered powder structure in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the composite sintered powder structure 200A suitable for use in, for example, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 described above includes an electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A and a ceramic material 220A, and The ceramic substance 220A is sintered on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A. That is, the composite sintered powder structure 200A of the present embodiment is formed by sintering the ceramic material 220A on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A, wherein the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A is adapted to absorb the electromagnetic wave S1 and heat up, thereby preheating the ceramic material. 220A to a first temperature. That is, as long as an electromagnetic wave S1 is supplied to the composite sintered powder structure 200A of the present embodiment, the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A absorbs the electromagnetic wave S1 and transmits thermal energy h to the surrounding ceramic material 220A, thereby enabling the ceramic material 220A to It is preheated to a first temperature lower than the second temperature, wherein the second temperature is, for example, the sintering temperature of the ceramic material 220A. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A which can absorb the electromagnetic wave S1 can provide a good preheating effect in the composite sintered powder structure 200A.

Specifically, when the composite sintered powder structure 200A is placed, for example, in the electromagnetic wave preheating region 121 of the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1, the electromagnetic wave S1 provided by the electromagnetic wave generator 120 allows the composite sintered powder to be made. Structure 200A is preheated to a first temperature. In the process of preheating to the first temperature of the composite sintered powder structure 200A of the present embodiment, since the ceramic material 220A of the composite sintered powder structure 200A is sintered on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A, electromagnetic wave absorption is performed. When the powder structure 210A generates heat by absorbing the electromagnetic wave S1, the heat energy transmitted from the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A can be sufficiently absorbed by the ceramic material 220A which is transmitted to the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A.

On the other hand, since the composite sintered powder structure 200A of the present embodiment can preheat the ceramic material 220A in the composite sintered powder structure 200A by the above-described manner, the ceramic material 220A is in the composite sintered powder structure 200A. The ratio can be adjusted moderately. More specifically, the ceramic material 220A is preheated from the inside to the outside by the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A absorbing the electromagnetic wave S1, and the ceramic material 220A can be preheated to the first temperature uniformly and efficiently. In addition, since the present embodiment only needs to use the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A, the ceramic material 220A around it can be preheated, and the content of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A in the composite sintered powder structure 200A is higher than that of the ceramic material 220A. Low, so the composite sintered powder structure 200A of the present embodiment can be applied to selective laser sintering or other sintering processes to produce all-ceramic, near-ceramic or objects having a high proportion of ceramic materials.

On the other hand, due to the composite sintered powder structure 200A of the present embodiment The ceramic material 220A is sintered on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A. Therefore, when the composite sintered powder structure 200A transfers heat to the ceramic material 220A by the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A that absorbs the electromagnetic wave S1, the composite sintered powder structure 200A can reach one. Good warm-up effect. At the same time, the ceramic substance 220A coated on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A can be in contact with the ceramic substance 220A of the composite sintered powder structure 200A adjacent thereto. Therefore, when the preheated composite sintered powder structure 200A is irradiated by the laser beam and heated to the second temperature (that is, the sintering temperature of the ceramic material 220A), the ceramic materials 220A can be sintered more efficiently. Further, during the preheating process of the composite sintered powder structure 200A, the absorption efficiency of the electromagnetic wave S1 by the ceramic material 220A is increased after reaching a certain temperature, thereby further improving the preheating efficiency of the composite sintered powder structure 200A.

The composite sintered powder structure 200A of the second embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a selective sintering method including providing a composite sintered powder structure 200A including an electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A and a ceramic substance 220A, followed by providing an electromagnetic wave S1 To the composite sintered powder structure 200A, the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A of the composite sintered powder structure 200A absorbs the electromagnetic wave S1 and raises the temperature, thereby preheating the ceramic material 220A to the first temperature. Next, a light beam is provided to heat the partially composite sintered powder structure 200A to the second temperature, thereby sintering the local composite sintered powder structure 200A. The first temperature is lower than the second temperature, that is, the first temperature is lower than the sintering temperature of the ceramic material. In other words, when the composite sintered powder structure 200A is applied to the above-described three-dimensional printing apparatus 100, the partial composite sintered powder structure 200A can be heated to the second temperature when the light beam is irradiated to the partial composite sintered powder structure 200A. Composite sintered powder knot The sintering temperature of the ceramic material 220A in the structure 200A is the second temperature, and the effect of preheating the ceramic material 220A by the electromagnetic wave S1, the composite sintered powder structure 200A does not generate excessive thermal stress during molding after sintering or melting. And residual stress, which improves the overall yield.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, the main components of the ceramic material 220A include zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), cerium oxide (Silicon oxide), yttrium. Zirconium Silicate, Aluminum Oxide, Titanium dioxide (TiO2) or a combination thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the present embodiment, the main components of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A include tantalum carbide, ferrite, tantalum carbide fiber, carbon black, carbon fiber, tantalum nitride, carbonyl iron powder, zinc oxide or a combination thereof, but the present invention does not Limited to this. On the other hand, in an embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A in the composite sintered powder structure 200A is between 2% and 30%. In other words, in the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure is converted into thermal energy by dielectric loss or magnetic loss, that is, at normal temperature or at a temperature relatively lower than the sintering temperature of the ceramic material. The material of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure of the present embodiment has a characteristic of high dielectric loss or magnetic loss, and thus the ceramic substance can be preheated by absorbing an electromagnetic wave. On the other hand, in an embodiment of the present invention, when the main component of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A is, for example, tantalum nitride or tantalum carbide, the composite sintered powder structure 200A is processed by a three-dimensional printing process. It has tantalum nitride or tantalum carbide and can have high hardness and strength. That is, the embodiment of the present invention The electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A can provide a good preheating effect on the composite sintered powder structure 200A, and can also adjust the mechanical properties of the composite sintered powder structure 200A after molding.

In the present embodiment, the central particle diameter of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A is preferably between 20 nm and 800 nm. Therefore, in detail, the selective sintering method of the present embodiment can provide a preferred composite sintered powder structure 200A by sintering the ceramic material 220A on the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure 210A, thereby allowing the composite sintered powder structure 200A to be received. The electromagnetic wave S1 can be uniformly preheated to the first temperature, and the local composite sintered powder structure 200A is heated to the second temperature by irradiation to the light beam and achieves a good sintering effect. For example, the above-mentioned center particle diameter refers to the intermediate number of the diameters of all of the particles in a powder containing a plurality of particles.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the composite sintered powder structure is prepared by, for example, uniformly dispersing the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure in a mixed solution containing, for example, a specific proportion of alcohol, deionized water, and ammonia water. The solution containing the metal oxide precursor is slowly dropped into the above mixed solution in which the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure is mixed to form a reaction solution, and the reaction solution is continuously stirred at room temperature for 2 to 24 hours. The reaction powder was separated from the stirred reaction solution by centrifugation, and the reaction powder was washed with ethanol. The washed reaction powder is then placed in an oven for drying, wherein the temperature of the oven is, for example, 60 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius. The dried reaction powder is placed in a high temperature furnace for sintering treatment to form a composite sintered powder structure, wherein the temperature in the high temperature furnace is, for example, 500 to 1000 degrees Celsius. The alcohols of this embodiment are, for example, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, butanol, and the like. The present invention is not limited thereto.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the first embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100 further includes a powder supply module 300 that supplies the powder 200 to the bearing surface 113 . More specifically, in the present embodiment, the powder supply module 300 has a spray end 301 for spraying the powder 200 to the preheating stage 110. That is, the powder supply device 300 can form a powder layer on the bearing surface 113 of the preheating stage 110 along the path P1, and the powder layer is parallel to the bearing surface 113, but the present invention is not limited thereto. .

3A through 3C are schematic views of a three-dimensional printing apparatus in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3A, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100B of the third embodiment of the present invention sprays the powder to the bearing surface 113B of the preheating stage 110B with the spraying end 301 of the powder supply module 300 and forms a powder layer 201B. On the face 113B, the powder layer 201B is parallel to the bearing surface 113B. Next, an electromagnetic wave S1 is supplied from the electromagnetic wave generator 120B in the preheating stage 110B to define an electromagnetic wave preheating area 121B in which the preheating stage 110B is disposed.

In the present embodiment, the preheating stage 110B includes a container, that is, the preheating stage 110B further includes a plurality of side walls 114B, and the inner surface 115B of the side walls 114B connects the bearing surface 113B and forms the container. Therefore, in addition to providing a larger contact area to preheat the powder layer 201B, the preheating stage 110B of the present embodiment can more stably accommodate the powder forming the powder layer 201B. In detail, the inner surface 115B and the bearing surface 113B form a bearing groove 116B, which provides a powder accommodation space which is more complete and can be more uniformly preheated. On the other hand, the preheating stage 110B described above It is possible to move along the direction d1, and the direction d1 is parallel to the normal to the bearing surface 113B.

In detail, referring to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, after the powder layer 201B is preheated to the first temperature via the preheating stage 110B that absorbs the electromagnetic wave S1, the optical scanning element 130 supplies a light beam L1 to the local powder. The light beam L1, for example, heats the local powder 203B to a second temperature higher than the first temperature and completes the sintering of the powder layer 201B, and the preheating stage 110B moves in the direction d1. Next, the powder supply module 300 sprays the powder onto the powder layer 201B and forms a powder layer 205B. That is, the spray end 301 of the powder supply module 300 of the present embodiment can be fixed to form a powder layer along the direction d2, and the spray end 301 sprays the powder, for example, along the path k1.

Referring to FIG. 3C, after the powder layer 205B is formed, the light-emitting element 130 further supplies the light beam L1 to heat the local powder of the powder layer 205B to the second temperature. The second temperature is not limited to the sintering temperature of the ceramic material 205B, for example, a ceramic material. When the powder includes the metal powder, the second temperature may be the melting point of the metal powder, and the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100B of the third embodiment preheats the powder layers 201B, 205B by the preheating stage 110B, and further heats it by the optical scanning element 130, and thus can be applied to selective laser sintering. Or selective laser melting technology.

On the other hand, when the above-mentioned powder layer is formed by the composite sintered powder structure 200A of the second embodiment of the present invention described above, the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure in the powder layer can absorb the microwave to the ceramic material therein. Preheated well to provide a good sintering effect.

Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a three-dimensional printing apparatus in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention Figure. Referring to FIG. 4, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the powder supply module 300C of the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100C includes a drum 310C and a storage stage 320C. The storage stage 320C includes a bottom surface 321C for moving in a pushing direction (that is, a direction d1), and the storage stage 320C accommodates the composite sintered powder 200C. The drum 310C rolls along a rolling direction d2 in a rolling area A, and the rolling direction d2 is parallel to the bearing surface 113C on a stage 112C and perpendicular to the direction d1, and the storage stage 320C and the stage 112C are located in the rolling area A. .

In the present embodiment, the composite sintered powder 200C is similar to the composite sintered powder 200A described above, and includes the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure and the ceramic substance as in the above, and thus the electromagnetic wave S2 is generated by using an electromagnetic wave generator (not shown) to define After the electromagnetic wave preheating zone 121C is exited, the composite sintered powder 200C can absorb the electromagnetic wave S2 by the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure therein and uniformly and well preheat the ceramic material, thereby providing a good selective sintering effect or selection. Sexual melting effect.

That is, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100C of the present embodiment is, for example, first moving the bottom surface 321C of the storage stage 320C in the direction d1 to push the composite sintered powder 200C out, and then pushing the composite by the drum 310C. The sintered powder 200C is pushed from the storage stage 320C to the bearing surface 113C to form a powder layer, and since the composite sintered powder 200C includes an electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure, composite sintering on the storage stage 320C, the drum 310C, and the bearing surface 113C The powder 200C can obtain a good warm-up effect after receiving the electromagnetic wave S2 in the electromagnetic wave preheating region 121C.

Further, in this embodiment, the stage 112C may further include a preheating stage 110C for absorbing the electromagnetic wave S2 to preheat the composite sintered powder 200C to the first stage. a temperature. The storage stage 320C may further include the same material as the preheating stage 110C, and the material of the side surface 311C of the drum 310C is also the same as that of the preheating stage 110C. Therefore, the three-dimensional printing apparatus 100C of the present embodiment is absorbed. The electromagnetic wave S2 can provide a highly efficient and uniform preheating effect, thereby allowing the optical scanning unit 130 to provide a light beam to sinter or melt the local powder 203C. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature and the second temperature have a temperature difference between 200 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, so that the preheated powder is irradiated by the light beam. It does not cause excessive temperature difference, so it can be applied to the technology of selective laser sintering or selective laser melting to solve the cracks, cracks or deformations generated during molding. In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the second temperature is, for example, between 500 degrees Celsius and 1000 degrees Celsius, and is determined by the material contained in the powder, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In summary, in the above embodiment, the composite sintered powder structure can be preheated relatively efficiently by electromagnetic waves to facilitate subsequent processing of, for example, a three-dimensional printing process.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

H‧‧‧热能

S1‧‧‧Electromagnetic waves

200A‧‧‧Composite sintered powder structure

210A‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave absorption powder structure

220A‧‧‧ceramic materials

Claims (7)

A composite sintered powder structure suitable for use in a three-dimensional printing process, the composite sintered powder structure comprising: an electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure; and a ceramic material sintered on a surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure, wherein the electromagnetic wave The absorbing powder structure is adapted to absorb an electromagnetic wave and raise the temperature, thereby preheating the ceramic material to a first temperature, and the first temperature is lower than a second temperature, and the second temperature is a sintering temperature of the ceramic material. The composite sintered powder structure according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic material is coated on the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure. The composite sintered powder structure according to claim 1, wherein the main components of the ceramic material include zirconium dioxide, yttrium zirconium dioxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxynitride oxy-compound, aluminum oxide, and titanium dioxide. Or a combination of the above. The composite sintered powder structure according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure in the composite sintered powder structure is between 2% and 30%. The composite sintered powder structure according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure has a center particle diameter of between 20 nm and 800 nm. The composite sintered powder structure according to claim 1, wherein the main components of the electromagnetic wave absorbing powder structure include tantalum carbide, ferrite, tantalum carbide fiber, carbon black, carbon fiber, tantalum nitride, carbonyl iron powder, Zinc oxide or a combination of the above. The composite sintered powder structure according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave is a microwave.