TWM506828U - Reactor for producing a nylon salt solution - Google Patents

Abstract

A nylon salt solution reactor comprising a single continuous stirred tank reactor is disclosed. The continuous stirred tank reactor comprises inlets for dicarboxylic acid monomer, diamine monomer, and optionally a separate water inlet. The reactor further comprises one or more baffles, and an agitator shaft comprising impellers. The reactor also comprises a recirculation loop for regulating temperature of the nylon salt solution to prevent slurry formation. The nylon salt solution is formed continuously and is transferred from the reactor via a conduit directly to a storage tank, without further monomer addition, after exiting the continuous stirred tank reactor.

Description

Reactor for making nylon salt solution

This creation is directed to a reactor for preparing a nylon salt solution, and a single continuous stirred tank reactor, particularly for preparing a nylon salt solution.

Polyamines are commonly used in fabrics, garments, packaging, tire reinforcements, carpets, engineering thermoplastics for molding automotive parts, electronic equipment, sporting goods, and many industrial applications. Nylon is a high performance material for plastic and fiber applications requiring special durability, heat resistance and toughness. The aliphatic polyamine is referred to as nylon, which can be made from a salt solution of a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine. The salt solution was evaporated and then heated to cause polymerization. One of the challenges in this manufacturing process is to ensure a consistent molar concentration balance of the dicarboxylic acid and the diamine in the final polyamine. For example, when nylon 6,6 is made from adipic acid (AA) and hexamethylenediamine (HMD), the inconsistent molar concentration balance adversely reduces molecular weight and may affect the dyeability of nylon. The molar concentration balance has been achieved using a batch salt process, but the batch process is not suitable for large scale industrial manufacturing. In addition, molar concentration balances have been achieved in a continuous mode by a plurality of reactors each having a respective diamine charge during salt manufacture.

U.S. Patent No. 2,130,947 describes a salt solution of a diamine of the formula H ₂ NCH ₂ RCH ₂ NH ₂ and a dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOCCH ₂ R'CH ₂ COOH wherein R and R' are non-olefinic and acetylenic unsaturation A divalent hydrocarbon group and wherein the chain length of R is at least two carbon atoms. Measure the pH of the salt solution and position the inflection point. The reactor was charged with a salt solution to form a polyamine.

U.S. Publication No. 2012/0046439 describes a process for the manufacture of a solution of a diacid and a diamine salt for the manufacture of polyamine. The method comprises mixing at least two diacids and at least one diamine, wherein the salt has a weight concentration of 40% to 70%, comprising: in the first step, preparing a diacid/diamine molybdenum using a diacid and a diamine An aqueous solution of diacid and diamine having an ear ratio of less than 1, and in the second step, the molar ratio of diacid/diamine is adjusted to a value of 0.9 to 1.1, and by adding another diacid and optionally The weight concentration of additional water and/or diamine fixed salt.

US Publication No. 2010/0168375 describes a solution of a salt of a diamine and a diacid, more specifically a concentrated solution of a hexamethylene diammonium adipate salt, which is suitable for the manufacture of polyamines, more specifically Starting material for PA66. A solution of a salt concentration of 50% by weight to 80% by weight can be prepared by mixing a diacid and a diamine, and an aqueous solution of a diacid/diamine molar ratio of more than 1.1 diacid and diamine is provided in the first stage, and The diacid/diamine molar ratio is adjusted to a value of 0.9 to 1.1, preferably 0.99 to 1.01, by adding a diamine in two stages, and the salt concentration by weight is fixed by adding water thereto as the case may be.

US Patent No. 4,233,234 describes a process for the continuous preparation of an aqueous solution of an alkanedicarboxylic acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkylenediamine having 6 to 12 carbon atoms by a specific alkanedicarboxylic acid It is carried out by reacting with a specific alkylenediamine in an aqueous salt solution to be prepared. The aqueous salt solution is circulated from the first mixing zone through the transport zone and the second mixing zone into the first mixing zone, and an aqueous solution of liquid alkyldiamine and alkanedicarboxylic acid is introduced between the first and second mixing zones. Less than an equivalent number of alkylenediamine is introduced, the remaining amount of liquid alkyldiamine is added after the second mixing zone, and the aqueous salt solution is withdrawn from the first mixing zone at a rate of formation rate.

Polymerization reactors are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,995,233, 6, 169, 162, 5, 674, 794, and 3, 893, 811.

Despite efforts to improve the process of achieving the desired technical requirements, such as proper pH, molar concentration and/or salt concentration in nylon salt solutions, challenges remain. In particular, dicarboxylic acids (and more specifically adipic acid) are powders of variable particle size which result in a wide variation in bulk density. The use of a dicarboxylic acid powder introduces another variable which makes it difficult to achieve the consistency of the target technical requirements in a continuous process (e.g., consistency of pH and/or salt concentration). A volumetric picker for dicarboxylic acid powders makes this difficulty increase. In order to solve the difficulty of achieving the consistency of the target technical requirements in a continuous process, the prior art method first dissolves the dicarboxylic acid powder before it is directed to the continuous stirred tank reactor or uses a combination of a series of reactors and a volumetric picker. To adjust the pH and salt concentration. Dissolving the powder or using additional reactors increases equipment capacity, capital costs, and energy costs.

In a first embodiment, the present invention is directed to a reactor for making a nylon salt solution comprising: a continuous stirred tank reactor for making a nylon salt solution, the continuous stirred tank reactor comprising: for continuous agitation tank a first inlet for introducing a dicarboxylic acid powder into the reactor; a second inlet for introducing a first diamine feed to the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the second inlet is adjacent to the first inlet; one or more a separator attached to the inner wall of the continuous stirred tank reactor; a stirrer shaft extending through the center of the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the stirrer shaft comprises at least one upper impeller and at least one lower impeller; a recirculation loop comprising a junction for introducing a second diamine feed upstream of the pump and the sample loop; and a conduit for transferring the nylon salt solution directly from the recirculation loop of the continuous stirred tank reactor to the storage vessel, wherein The conduit does not have any inlet for introducing additional monomers selected from the group consisting of dicarboxylic acids, diamines, and combinations thereof, preventing the transfer of additional monomers to a conduit or storage vessel, wherein the reactor Containing a single reactor. The at least one lower impeller and the at least one upper impeller may each comprise a pitch blade turbine. The at least one upper impeller may have an inclined surface that is offset from the inclined surface of the at least one lower impeller. The sample loop can include at least one in-line analyzer for measuring the pH and/or salt concentration of the nylon salt solution. The first entrance and the second entrance are available at The tank is continuously stirred above the liquid level in the reactor. The continuous stirred tank reactor can include a third inlet for introducing a water feed. The continuous stirred tank reactor may further comprise an internal hot coil. The recycle loop can include a heat exchanger to regulate the temperature within the continuous stirred tank reactor. The continuous stirred tank reactor may include one or more temperature controllers and one or more pressure controllers to maintain a temperature of 60 ° C to 110 ° C and atmospheric pressure. The reactor may further comprise a gas helium for introducing nitrogen. The reactor may further comprise an exhaust condenser for returning the condensable diamine to the continuous stirred tank reactor. The continuous stirred tank reactor and piping may be constructed from materials selected from the group consisting of: Hastelloy C, stainless steel, and other corrosion resistant materials. The continuous stirred tank reactor maintains at least 50% full liquid level. The reactor may further comprise a weight loss loader for metering the dicarboxylic acid powder to the feed line based on the weight, the feed line feeding the dicarboxylic acid feed at a low rate of change feed rate to the continuous stirred tank reactor An entrance. The conduit may contain one or more filters for filtering the nylon solution prior to storage of the container.

In a second embodiment, the present application is directed to a system for making a nylon salt solution comprising: a) a weight loss loader including a funnel, a feed conduit, and a transfer tube for connecting the funnel to the feed conduit Wherein the funnel includes at least one external weight measurement subsystem for controlling the replenishment phase and the feed phase, and at least one for dispensing a lower opening of the dicarboxylic acid powder in the feed phase, wherein the at least one lower opening is located in the feed Above the pipe; wherein the feed pipe receives the dicarboxylic acid powder and transfers the dicarboxylic acid powder through the outlet through at least one rotating auger; b) a continuous stirred tank reactor for producing a nylon salt solution, comprising: first connected to the outlet An inlet for receiving dicarboxylic acid powder entering the continuous stirred tank reactor; a second inlet for introducing a diamine feed to the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the second inlet is adjacent to the first inlet; one or more a separator attached to the inner wall of the continuous stirred tank reactor; a stirrer shaft extending through the center of the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the stirrer shaft comprises at least one upper An impeller and at least one lower impeller; and a recirculation loop for regulating the temperature of the liquid in the continuous stirred tank reactor to prevent slurry formation; and c) The nylon salt solution is transferred directly from the continuous stirred tank reactor to the piping in the storage vessel without transferring more monomer to the piping or storage vessel, wherein the reactor system contains a single reactor. The system can further comprise a supply vessel having a valve that opens during the replenishment phase and transports the dicarboxylic acid powder to the lower funnel. The system can further comprise a transport system for transferring the dicarboxylic acid powder from the supply vessel to the funnel. The feed conduit may further comprise one or more gas helium for introducing nitrogen into the dicarboxylic acid powder. The upper edge of the funnel can be less than 15 m above the base level of the system. The delivery tube can include a rotary feeder. The at least one upper impeller may comprise a pitch blade turbine. The at least one lower impeller may comprise a pitch blade turbine. The at least one upper impeller may have an inclined surface that is offset from the inclined surface of the at least one lower impeller. The system can further comprise a sample loop for measuring the nylon salt solution. The first inlet and the second inlet can be directed to the upper portion of the continuous stirred tank reactor. The first inlet and the second inlet may be above the liquid level in the continuous stirred tank reactor. The first inlet and the second inlet may be between 0.3 m and 1 m apart. The recycle loop can enter the continuous stirred tank reactor at the level of the continuous stirred tank reactor. The continuous stirred tank reactor may further comprise an internal hot coil. The recycle loop can include a heat exchanger to regulate the temperature within the continuous stirred tank reactor. The continuous stirred tank reactor can include a temperature controller and a pressure controller to maintain a temperature of 60 ° C to 110 ° C and atmospheric pressure. The system may further comprise a gas helium for introducing nitrogen. The diamine feed may comprise from 20% to 55% by weight of the diamine, for example from 30% to 45% by weight. The system can further comprise an exhaust and recovery column for returning the condensable diamine to the continuous stirred tank reactor. The continuous stirred tank reactor can be constructed from materials selected from the group consisting of Herstite C, stainless steel, and other corrosion resistant materials. The pipe may be constructed from materials selected from the group consisting of Herstloy C, stainless steel, and other corrosion resistant materials. The continuous stirred tank reactor maintains at least 50% full liquid level. The continuous stirred tank reactor can have a residence time of less than 45 minutes, such as less than 25 minutes. The conduit may also have a residence time of less than 600 seconds, such as from 1 to 600 seconds. The system may further comprise a weight loss loader for metering the dicarboxylic acid powder to the feed line based on the weight, the feed line feeding the dicarboxylic acid feed to the continuous feed rate at a low rate of change The first inlet of the stirred tank reactor. The conduit may contain one or more filters for filtering the nylon solution prior to storage of the container.

In a third embodiment, the present application is directed to a reactor system for making a nylon salt solution comprising: a continuous stirred tank reactor for making a nylon salt solution comprising: for introducing adipic acid feed to a first inlet of the continuous stirred tank reactor; a second inlet for introducing the hexamethylenediamine feed to the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the second inlet is adjacent to the first inlet; for introducing a water feed An inlet as the case may exist; one or more separators attached to the inner wall of the continuous stirred tank reactor; a stirrer shaft extending through the center of the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the stirrer shaft contains at least An upper impeller and at least one lower impeller; and a recirculation loop for regulating the temperature of the liquid in the continuous stirred tank reactor to prevent slurry formation; and for transferring the nylon salt solution directly from the continuous stirred tank reactor to the storage vessel The pipe, while not transferring more monomer to the pipe or storage vessel, wherein the reactor system contains a single reactor.

100‧‧‧Nylon salt solution process

102‧‧‧Line/AA powder

103‧‧‧Line/water

104‧‧‧Line/HMD

105‧‧‧Static mixer

106‧‧‧Line/Aqueous/Aqueous Feed

107‧‧‧Line/Adjust HMD

110‧‧‧weight loss feeder

111‧‧‧ funnel

112‧‧‧Feed into the pipeline

113‧‧‧ Controller

114‧‧‧Transportation system

115‧‧‧Supply container

116‧‧‧ Entrance

117‧‧‧ lower valve

118‧‧‧ Entrance

119‧‧‧ delivery tube

120‧‧‧Rotary feeder

121‧‧‧ Weight measurement subsystem

122‧‧‧ sensor

123‧‧‧Rotary auger

124‧‧‧Open export

125‧‧‧Motor

127‧‧‧High level probe

128‧‧‧Low position probe

129‧‧‧Export

130‧‧‧System floor level

131‧‧‧Recycling tower

132‧‧‧ water

133‧‧‧Bottom/pipeline

134‧‧‧Exhaust gas

135‧‧‧pipeline/exhaust gas logistics

139‧‧‧Quantitative adipic acid feed / AA powder feed stream / dicarboxylic acid powder / AA powder feed / pipeline

140‧‧‧Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor/Reactor

141‧‧‧Recycling circuit

142‧‧‧Contacts

143‧‧‧Contacts

144‧‧‧ Pipes

145‧‧AA entrance/entry

146‧‧‧HMD entrance/entry

147‧‧‧ Entrance

148‧‧‧ Lower exit

149‧‧‧ pump

150‧‧‧ valve

151‧‧‧ heat exchanger

152‧‧‧Internal serpentine tube

153‧‧‧Sampling pipeline

154‧‧‧Online Analyzer/Analyzer/Online pH Meter/pH Meter

155‧‧‧ pipeline

156‧‧‧ liquid level

157‧‧‧ gas 埠

158‧‧‧Agitator shaft

159‧‧‧ Impeller

160‧‧‧ blades

161‧‧‧Three-pitch turbine assembly

162‧‧‧Upper pitch blade turbine

163‧‧‧ Lower pitch blade turbine

164‧‧‧Upper section from the blade turbine

164'‧‧‧The lower pitch of the blade turbine

165‧‧‧External motor

166‧‧‧Motor drive shaft

167‧‧‧Connector

168‧‧ ‧ partition

190‧‧‧Filter

193‧‧‧Recycling circuit

194‧‧‧Internal jet mixer

195‧‧‧ storage tank

196‧‧‧Internal heater

197‧‧‧heater

199‧‧‧ pipeline

200‧‧‧polymerization process

202‧‧‧Evaporator

203‧‧‧Concentrated nylon salt

204‧‧‧Polymerization reactor/reactor

205‧‧‧ pipeline

208‧‧‧Nylon products

209‧‧‧Reactor exhaust line

211‧‧‧ signal

213‧‧‧Feed-forward signal

213'‧‧‧ pipeline

214‧‧‧Flower valve

214'‧‧‧ Flowmeter

215‧‧‧Feed-forward signal/signal pipeline

215'‧‧‧ pipeline

216‧‧‧Flower valve

216'‧‧‧ flowmeter

217‧‧‧Feed-forward signal/signal pipeline

217'‧‧‧ pipeline

218‧‧‧Flower valve

218'‧‧‧ flowmeter

220‧‧‧ pipeline

221‧‧‧ pipeline

222‧‧‧Laboratory pH meter

223‧‧‧ pipeline

224‧‧‧ pipeline

226‧‧‧ output

The present invention will be better understood in view of the accompanying non-limiting drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a method of making a nylon salt solution in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic illustration of a weight loss loader for making a nylon salt solution in accordance with an embodiment of the present teachings.

3 is a schematic illustration of a single continuous stirred tank reactor for making a nylon salt solution in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings.

4 is a cut-away perspective view of a single continuous stirred tank reactor for making a nylon salt solution in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings.

Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a method of making a nylon salt solution in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of program control for a nylon salt solution manufacturing process in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings.

Figure 7 is a diagram showing a method for producing a nylon salt solution according to an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of program control for level control.

Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of program control with three levels of control for a nylon salt solution process in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of the program control of on-line pH measurement under laboratory conditions for a nylon salt solution process in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a method of making nylon 6,6 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

11 through 13 are graphs of rate of change in feed rate of adipic acid from a weight loss hopper according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to As used herein, the singular forms " It will be further understood that the term "comprising", when used in the specification, is intended to mean the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, components and/or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, Operations, component groups, components, and/or groups thereof.

Terms such as "including", "including", "having", "including" or "involving" and variations thereof are intended to be broad and encompass the subject matter and equivalents listed below, and additional subject matter not stated . In addition, when the composition, component group, process or method step, or any other expression is preceded by the traditional phrase "including", "including" or "containing", it is understood that the present disclosure also covers the composition, component Group, process or method step or any other expression before the narrative of the phrase "consisting essentially of", "consisting of" or "group selected from" , component group, process or method step or any other statement.

Where appropriate, the equivalents of the structures, materials, acts, and all components or step-plus-function elements in the claims are intended to include any structure, material, or action that is used in combination with the claimed elements. Submitted for the purpose of illustration and description Description of creation, but not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the creation to the form disclosed. Many revisions and changes will be apparent to the general practitioner without departing from the scope and spirit of the creation. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the invention and the embodiments of the invention, Accordingly, while the present invention has been described in terms of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be practiced with the modifications and is within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Reference will now be made in detail to certain disclosed subject matter. It is to be understood that the scope of the invention is to be construed as being limited by the scope of the claims. Instead, the subject matter disclosed is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, which are included within the scope of the subject matter disclosed in the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

introduction

The present invention is directed to a reactor for the continuous manufacture of a nylon salt solution comprising a single continuous stirred tank reactor, a transfer line, and a storage vessel. A nylon salt solution is formed by metering a dicarboxylic acid powder that enters a single continuous stirred tank reactor at a low rate of change feed rate, wherein the dicarboxylic acid powder is reacted with the diamine and water. The diamine can be added in two parts. The first part of the combination with the water, as appropriate, can be fed directly into the continuous stirred tank reactor tank. The continuous stirred tank reactor contains a recycle loop containing a junction for introducing a second portion of the diamine. The recirculation loop contains a pump and sample loop downstream of the junction. This reactor was configured to be superior to the prior art in that a single continuous stirred tank reactor was used to form a nylon salt solution having a low rate of change relative to the target specification. The second portion of the diamine is added to the sample loop by feeding a second portion of the diamine upstream of the pump and sample loop. Thus, the consistency of the nylon salt solution can be obtained by feeding two portions of the dicarboxylic acid powder, water and diamine into a single continuous stirred tank reactor. This eliminates the need for additional reactors by feeding the second portion of the diamine to adjust the nylon salt solution, and thus reduces equipment and reduces compared to prior art methods. Energy costs and capital costs.

The dicarboxylic acid suitable for the present invention is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, and azelaic acid. Acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, maleic acid, glutaconic acid, callus acid and muconic acid, 1,2- or 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 2- or 1,3-benzenediacetic acid, 1,2- or 1,3-cyclohexanediacetic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 4,4'-oxybisbenzoic acid, 4,4 - benzophenone dicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, p-tert-butylisophthalic acid and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the dicarboxylic acid monomer comprises at least 80% adipic acid, such as at least 95% adipic acid.

To prepare nylon 6,6, adipic acid (AA) is most suitable for the dicarboxylic acid and is used in powder form. AA is generally obtained in pure form containing very low levels of impurities. Typical impurities include less than 60 ppm of other acids (monobasic and less dibasic), nitrogenous materials, trace metals such as iron (less than 2 ppm) and other heavy metals (less than 10 ppm or less than 5 ppm), arsenic (less than 3 ppm) and Hydrocarbon oil (less than 10 ppm or less than 5 ppm).

A diamine suitable for the present invention is selected from the group consisting of ethanol diamine, trimethylene diamine, putrescine, cadaverine, hexamethylenediamine, 2-methylpentamethylenediamine, and seven Methylenediamine, 2-methylhexamethylenediamine, 3-methylhexamethylenediamine, 2,2-dimethylpentamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine, 2 , 5-dimethylhexamethylenediamine, nonamethylenediamine, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, decamethylenediamine, 5-methylindolediamine, isophoronediamine, undecyldiamine, dodecamethylenediamine, 2,2,7,7-tetramethyloctamethylenediamine, double (Aminocyclohexyl)methane, bis(aminomethyl)norbornane, optionally C ₂ -C ₁₆ aliphatic diamine substituted by one or more C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl groups, aliphatic polyether Diamines and furan diamines, such as 2,5-bis(aminomethyl)furan, and mixtures thereof. The selected diamine may have a higher boiling point than the dicarboxylic acid, and the diamine is preferably not xylylenediamine. In one embodiment, the diamine monomer comprises at least 80% hexamethylenediamine, such as at least 95% hexamethylenediamine. Hexamethylenediamine (HMD) is most commonly used to make nylon 6,6. The HMD is cured at a temperature of from about 40 ° C to about 42 ° C, and water is usually added to suppress this melting temperature and to simplify the treatment. Thus, HMD is commercially available as a concentrated solution, for example from 80% to 100% or from 92% to 98% by weight diamine.

In addition to polyamines based solely on dicarboxylic acids and diamines, it is sometimes desirable to incorporate other monomers. When added in a proportion of less than 20% by weight, for example less than 15% by weight, such monomers can be added to the nylon salt solution without departing from the present invention. The monomers may include monofunctional carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, benzoic acid, caproic acid, heptanoic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, Myristic acid, myristate oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, hexadecenoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, isooleic acid, linoleic acid, erucic acid and the like. These may also include indoleamines such as alpha-acetalamine, alpha-propionamide, beta-propionamide, gamma-butyrolactam, delta-valeramine, gamma-valerene Amines, caprolactam and similar indoleamines. These may also include lactones such as alpha-lactone, alpha-propiolactone, beta-propiolactone, gamma-butyrolactone, delta-valerolactone, gamma-valerolactone, caprolactone and Similar to lactones. These may include difunctional alcohols such as monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (etohexadiol), methane -3,8-diol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, and 1,8-octanediol. Higher functional molecules such as glycerol, trimethylolpropane, triethanolamine and the like are also suitable. Also suitable for hydroxylamine, such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, 3-amino-1-propanol, 1-amino-2-propanol, 4-amino-1-butanol, 3-amino-1-butene Alcohol, 2-amino-1-butanol, 4-amino-2-butanol, pentanolamine, hexanolamine and the like. It should be understood that blends of any such monomers may also be utilized without departing from the art.

It is sometimes also appropriate to incorporate other additives into the polymerization process. Such additives may include heat stabilizers such as any of copper salts, potassium iodide or other antioxidants known in the art. Such additives may also include polymerization catalysts such as metal oxides, acidic compounds, metal salts of oxygenated phosphorus containing compounds or other additives known in the art. The The additives may also be matting agents and color formers such as titanium dioxide, carbon black or other pigments, dyes and colorants known in the art. The additives used may also include antifoaming agents such as cerium oxide dispersions, polyoxy oxycopolymers or other antifoaming agents known in the art. Lubricating acids such as zinc stearate, stearyl erucamide, stearyl alcohol, aluminum distearate, ethyl bis-stearylamine or other polymeric lubricants known in the art may be used. . A nucleating agent may be included in the mixture, such as fumed ceria or alumina, molybdenum disulfide, talc, graphite, calcium fluoride, phenylphosphinate or other acids known in the art. Other common additives known in the art, such as flame retardants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, and some types of fillers, may also be added to the polymerization process.

In the following description, the terms adipic acid (AA) and hexamethylenediamine (HMD) will be used to denote dicarboxylic acids and diamines. However, this method also applies to the other dicarboxylic acids and other diamines indicated above.

This creation advantageously achieves a nylon salt solution comprising a AA/HMD salt and having a target pH. In particular, the present invention achieves a target pH using a smaller number of containers than conventional methods, and in particular, achieves a target pH in a single reactor, such as a single continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) that forms a nylon salt solution. A single reactor is suitable for use in a continuous process which achieves a production rate that is higher than the batch process. In a batch process, the amount of time and capital cost required to achieve a production rate similar to a continuous process makes the batch process impractical. The target pH can be any pH selected by those skilled in the art and can be selected based on the desired final polymer product. Without being bound by theory, the target may be selected from the slope of the highest inflection point of the pH curve and at a level that is optimal for the range of expected polymer products.

In some exemplary embodiments, the target pH of the nylon salt solution may range from 7.200 to 7.900, such as preferably in the range of 7.400 to 7.700. The change in the actual pH of the nylon salt solution relative to the target pH of the nylon salt solution may be less than ± 0.04, more preferably less than ± 0.03 and most preferably less than ± 0.015. Thus, for example, if the target pH is 7.500, the pH of the nylon salt solution is from 7.460 to 7.540, and more preferably from 7.470 to 7.530. So, for example, if the target salt When the concentration is 60%, the salt concentration change rate of the uniform nylon salt solution is from 59.5% to 60.5%, and more preferably from 59.9% to 60.1%. For this creation, the rate of change in pH is the average change in continuous operation. This change is extremely low, less than ± 0.53%, and more preferably less than ± 0.4%, and produces a nylon salt solution having a uniform pH. A uniform nylon salt solution having a low rate of change relative to the target pH is beneficial for increasing the reliability of the polymerization process to produce a uniform high quality polymer product. A nylon salt solution having a uniform pH also allows for uniform quality feed of the polymerization process. The target pH can vary depending on the location of manufacture. In general, pH 7.620, measured at 25 ° C at a salt concentration of 9.5%, produces a nylon salt solution having a free and chemical combination of AA and HMD to AA and HMD molar ratio of 1. For this creation, the molar ratio varies from 0.8:1.2 depending on the target pH. Having a uniform pH also means that the molar ratio of the nylon salt solution has a correspondingly low rate of change.

In addition to the target pH, this creation also achieves the target salt concentration. The target salt concentration can be any salt concentration selected by those skilled in the art and can be selected based on the desired final polymer product and storage factors. The water concentration of the nylon salt solution may range from 35% to 50% by weight. The nylon salt solution may have a salt concentration of from 50% to 65% by weight, such as from 60% to 65% by weight. The nylon salt solution can be stored in liquid form at atmospheric pressure at temperatures below 110 ° C, such as 60 ° C to 110 ° C, or 100 ° C to 105 ° C. Concentrations above 65% by weight require higher temperatures and may require pressurization to keep the nylon salt solution in a liquid, such as a homogeneous liquid. The salt concentration can affect the storage temperature and is generally effective at storing the nylon salt solution at lower temperatures and atmospheric pressures. However, lower salt concentrations undesirably increase the energy consumption of the concentrated nylon salt solution prior to polymerization.

When the nylon salt solution is continuously produced according to the present invention, the rate of change of the salt concentration of the nylon salt solution is preferably extremely low, for example, less than ±0.5%, less than ±0.3%, less than ±0.2% or less than ±0.1% with respect to the target salt concentration. . For this creation, the rate of change in salt concentration is the average change in continuous operation. The target salt concentration can vary depending on the site of manufacture.

The temperature of the nylon salt solution is independently controlled from the molar ratio of AA to HMD. Although the molar ratio and solid concentration in the nylon salt solution affect the temperature of the nylon salt solution, the method relies on The heat exchanger, the serpentine tube and/or the jacketed CSTR process removes heat and thus controls the temperature of the nylon salt solution. The temperature of the nylon salt solution can be controlled to vary less than ± 1 ° C relative to the desired temperature. The temperature of the nylon salt solution is selected to be lower than the boiling point of the nylon salt solution but higher than the crystallization temperature. For example, a nylon salt solution having a solid concentration of 63% has a boiling point of from 108 ° C to 110 ° C at atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the temperature is controlled to be lower than 110 ° C, for example, lower than 108 ° C, but higher than the crystallization temperature.

Prior art solutions to achieve low rates of change in nylon salts have been directed to using multiple reactors to adjust the AA:HMD molar ratio and HMD concentration in the salt solution. This focus is due, at least in part, to the inherent unpredictability of AA powder feed due to the rate of change in volume density of AA powder and poor flow characteristics. When a volumetric feeder was used to feed the AA powder to the reactor, the rate of change in the bulk density of the AA powder was amplified. Due to the high melting temperature of AA, AA is usually supplied in powder form, which increases the difficulty of handling AA. The AA powder usually has an average particle diameter of from 75 to 500 μm, for example from 100 to 300 μm. The fine powder has a substantially large surface area and causes the aggregated particles to contact. The AA powder preferably contains less than 20% less than 75 μm particles, such as less than 10%. Since AA powder is typically metered in powder form based on the capacity of the reactor, variations in powder size can affect the overall packaging and density of the AA powder fed into the nylon salt reactor. These changes in overall packaging and density in turn result in a change in pH in the nylon salt solution and a change in AA to HMD molar ratio. To address this change, prior art solutions have arranged nylon salt reactors in series. See, for example, U.S. Publication Nos. 2012/0046439 and 2010/0168375. This conventional method uses the measurement of the target technology and feeds the monomer in a series reactor. However, this method requires many reactors, measurements, and adjustments, which increases cost and limits production rates. Moreover, this conventional method is more suitable for batch processes than continuous processes. Ultimately, such conventional methods cannot use models to predict pH and/or salt concentration, and therefore are more often adjusted to achieve the desired technical requirements for the nylon salt solution.

The prior art solves the effect of particle size and particle size distribution associated with feeding AA powder to a nylon salt process by adding AA and HMD using multiple reactors. Based on weight The amount of AA powder, not the volume, can greatly reduce the rate of change of the AA powder feed rate. In some aspects, the AA powder feed rate can vary by less than ± 5%, such as less than ± 3% or less than ± 1%, relative to the target AA powder feed rate. By thus stabilizing the feed, the disclosed method allows the use of a single reactor instead of a plurality of reactors in series to form a nylon salt solution of the desired technical requirements. It is difficult to control the change of the nylon salt solution relative to the target pH and target salt concentration using a single reactor operating at a continuous high manufacturing rate without stable feed to AA because of the limited ability to adjust the monomer. Stable feed AA allows program control to utilize the HMD feed forward rate and allows adjustments to adjust the HMD to adjust the pH to achieve the target pH. It is contemplated that embodiments may provide a simpler design than previously disclosed by reducing the number of unit operations in the process. Thus, the disclosed method omits steps previously deemed necessary. This reduces plant emissions and reduces capital costs. The resulting nylon salt solution is then polymerizable to form the desired polyamine.

In order to achieve acceptable yields in the manufacture of nylon salts, a continuous process can be used to make nylon salt solutions. Batch processes will require significantly larger vessels and reactors. In addition, batch processes will not achieve the manufacturing speeds achievable with smaller continuous manufacturing equipment. In the polymerization, a nylon salt solution having a uniform pH and a salt concentration is preferably used as the starting material. A slight change can cause manufacturing quality problems, and polymerization requires additional monitoring, control, and adjustment of the polymer process.

Figure 1 provides an overview of a method of making a nylon salt solution in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the nylon salt solution comprising process 100 via line 102 to recover the weight loss feeder 110 is fed into adipic acid, to produce this orientation to the continuous stirred tank reactor adipic 140. quantitative feed was 139. In addition, the water via line 103 and the HMD via line 104 are combined in static mixer 105 to form an aqueous HMD solution which is fed via line 106 to continuous stirred tank reactor 140 . The liquid containing the nylon salt solution is withdrawn from the reactor 140 , passed through the recycle loop 141 and returned to the reactor 140 . Additional HMD (referred to herein as conditioning HMD) can be added to the liquid from line 107 at junction 142 to adjust the pH of the nylon salt prior to analysis of the pH or salt concentration. The nylon salt solution is withdrawn from the recirculation loop 141 to the conduit 144 at a junction 143 . The nylon salt solution in the conduit 144 removes impurities through the filter 190 and is collected in the storage tank 195 . In general, such impurities can include corrosion metals and can include impurities from monomer feeds such as AA powder 102 . The nylon salt solution is transferred via line 199 to polymerization process 200 . The nylon salt solution can be stored in storage tank 195 until polymerization is required. In some embodiments, the reservoir 195 can be delivered.

Nylon salt solution equipment Weight-based AA powder feeder

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, using the weight loss chasing 102 AA powder feeder 110 fed to the continuous stirred tank reactor 140. The weight loss feeder 110 meters the AA powder 102 to produce an AA powder feed stream 139 having a low rate of change feed rate and is capable of addressing the density variation of the AA powder 102 during the feed process. As indicated above, the bulk density and flow characteristics of the AA powder 102 can vary greatly, resulting in an imbalance in the molar ratio and a non-uniform pH in the nylon salt solution. This creation is superior to volume pickers or other types of pickers that do not achieve low rate of change feed rates for AA powders. For this creation, the low rate of change feed rate of AA powder is within ± 5% of the target feed rate of the AA powder, for example within ± 3%, within ± 2% or within ± 1%. For this creation, the rate of change in feed rate is the average change during continuous operation. Because of the low rate of change in AA powder feed rate, the feed rate of AA is stable and predictable, and a single reactor can be used to adjust the diamine and water feed rate to achieve the target pH and/or target salt concentration. Because of the low rate of change of the AA powder feed rate relative to the target feed rate, no additional reactors are needed for blending or conditioning.

Generally, weight loss and recovery dispensing feeder 110 operation 111 the contents of the hopper at the feeding stage 111 to supply the charging funnel stage. Preferably, the replenishment-feed phase cycle is sufficient to receive a feedback signal from the weight loss tracker 110 for at least 50% of the time, such as preferably at least 67% of the time. In one embodiment, the replenishment phase may be less than 20% of the total cycle time (eg, all of the feed and replenishment phases), such as less than 10% of the total cycle time or less than 5% of the total cycle time. The replenishment phase and the full cycle phase can be determined by the manufacturing rate. In the feed phase, the contents of the funnel 111 are dispensed into a feed conduit 112 which transfers the AA powder via line 139 to the continuous stirred tank reactor 140 . Additionally, during the replenishment phase, the remaining AA in the funnel 111 may also be dispensed into the feed conduit 112 such that the feed conduit 112 receives a constant supply of AA powder. The controller 113 can be used to adjust the weight loss tracker 110 . The controller 113 can be a distributed control system (DCS) or a programmable logic controller (PLC) that can output a function in response to the received input. In one embodiment, there may be multiple controllers for multiple components of the system. For example, a PLC can be used to adjust the replenishment phase and the DCS can be used to control the feed rate through the feed conduit 112 based on the target rate set in the DCS.

As shown therein, the transport system 2114 AA powder 102 is loaded into the supply vessel 115. The transport system 114 can be a mechanical or pneumatic transport system that transfers adipic acid from a bulk bag, a lining bulk bag, a liner box container, or a funnel track automated car unloading station. The mechanical transport system can include a screw or a traction chain. The pneumatic transport system can include a closed tube that delivers the AA powder 102 to the supply vessel 115 using pressurized air, vacuum air, or closed loop nitrogen. In some embodiments, the transport system 114 can provide the mechanical function of breaking the AA powder mass while loading the supply container 115 . The supply container 115 can have a cylindrical, trapezoidal, square or other suitable shape with an inlet 116 at the top. The shape having the inclined sides is suitable for helping the AA powder 102 to flow out of the supply container 115 . The upper edge of the supply container 115 can be less than 20 m above the system floor level 130 , such as preferably less than 15 m. System floor elevation 130 refers to a flat surface on which a plurality of devices for making a nylon salt solution are placed and generally defines a flat surface through which no monomer passes. The system floor level can be above the entrance to the CSTR. Since the height of the supply container 115 is lower relative to the system floor level 130 , less energy is required to drive the transport system 114 and load the supply container 115 .

The supply container 115 also has a lower valve 117 that defines a lumen for holding the AA powder 102 when closed. The lower valve 117 can be a rotary feeder, a spiral feeder, a rotary flow device, or a combination device including a feeder and a valve. When the inner cavity is filled with the AA powder 102 , the lower valve 117 can remain closed. The lower valve 117 can be opened during the replenishment phase to deliver the AA powder 102 to the funnel 111 based on capacity. When the lower valve delivers the AA powder to the funnel 111 , the AA powder 102 can be loaded into the supply container 115 . The lower valve 117 can include one or more baffles that form a seal when closed. In one embodiment, there may be a conveyor belt (not shown) that transfers the AA powder 102 from the supply container 115 to the funnel 111 . In other embodiments, the supply container 115 can transfer the AA powder 102 by gravity. The loading of the supply container 115 can be loaded independently of the funnel 111 .

The supply container 115 may have a larger capacity than the funnel 111 , and its volume is preferably at least twice as large or at least three times larger. The supply container 115 should have a capacity sufficient to replenish the entire volume of the funnel 111 . The holding period of the AA powder 102 in the supply container 115 may be longer than in the funnel 111 , and depending on the moisture concentration, the AA powder 102 may form a block. The block can be broken by a mechanical rotator or vibration (not shown) at the bottom of the supply container 115 .

The upper edge of the funnel 111 may be less than 15 m above the system floor elevation 130 , such as preferably less than 12 m. The funnel 111 can have a cylindrical, trapezoidal, square or other suitable shape with an inlet 118 at the top. Preferably, the inner surface of the funnel is steep to prevent AA powder bridging. In one embodiment, the angle of the inner surface is from 30 to 80, such as from 40 to 65. The inner surface can be U-shaped or V-shaped. The funnel 111 can also have a removable cover (not shown) with holes for the inlet 118 and the vent. The funnel 111 can be mounted to a delivery tube 119 that connects the funnel 111 to the feed conduit 112 . In one embodiment, the funnel 111 has an equivalent volume to maintain the desired manufacturing rate. For example, the funnel 111 can have a capacity of at least 4 tons. The maximum diameter of the delivery tube 119 is less than the largest diameter of the funnel 111 . As shown, the delivery tube 119 has a rotary feeder 120 or similar transfer device for dispensing the contents of the funnel 111 through the outlet 129 into the feed conduit 112 . The rotary feeder 120 can operate in an on/off mode or can control the rate of rotation based on the desired feed rate. In other embodiments, the delivery tube 119 may not have an internal feeder mechanism. Depending on the type of weight loss hopper, the rotary hopper 120 can be replaced with an external massage paddle or vibrator that distributes the effluent of the hopper 111 into the feed conduit 112 . The outlet 129 can have a mechanical member that breaks the AA block. In another embodiment, the weight loss loader 110 can have a dryer or dry gas purge (not shown) to remove moisture from the AA powder to prevent the AA powder from agglomerating and forming clogging in the funnel 111 .

The weight measurement subsystem 121 is coupled to the funnel 111 . The weight measurement subsystem 121 can include a plurality of weighing funnels 111 and provide a sensor 122 with a signal indicative of weight to the controller 113 . In some embodiments, there may be three inductors or four inductors. Sensor 122 may be connected to the outside of the funnel 111 of a funnel and may be any other initial weight tared apparatus 111 according to the hopper 111 and is connected to the. In another embodiment, the sensor 122 can be located below the funnel 111 . Based on the signal from the weight measurement subsystem 121 , the controller 113 controls the replenishment phase and the feed phase. The controller 113 compares the measured weights at regular intervals to determine the weight of the AA powder 102 dispensed to the feed conduit 112 over a period of time. Controller 113 can also control the speed of rotating auger 123 as described below.

In other embodiments, the weight measurement subsystem 121 can be located below the funnel 111 , the delivery tube 119, and the feed conduit 112 to measure the weight of material in the locations of the weight loss tracer 110 .

Feedthrough conduit 112 is located below delivery tube 119 and receives AA powder 102 . In one embodiment, the feed conduit 112 can be mounted to the delivery tube 119 . The feed conduit 112 may extend substantially perpendicular to the plane of the outlet 129 of the delivery tube 119 or may extend from the plane and toward the reactor 140 at an angle of from 0 to 45 degrees, such as from 5 to 40 degrees. The feed conduit 112 has at least one rotating auger 123 that carries the AA powder 102 through the open outlet 124 and into the reactor 140 . The rotary auger 123 is driven by the motor 125 and may include an endless screw. A double helix configuration is also available. Motor 125 drives rotating auger 123 at a fixed or variable speed. In one embodiment, feed line 112 transfers AA powder 102 to reactor 140 at a low rate of change feed rate. The feed rate of AA can be adjusted depending on the desired manufacturing rate. This allows for the formation of a fixed AA feed rate and using the model described herein, with feed rates of other solution components then varying to achieve the desired salt concentration and/or pH target. The controller 113 receives the feedback signal from the weight loss tracker 110 and adjusts the speed of the rotary auger 123 . Controller 113 also adjusts the feed rate of feed conduit 112 based on the signal of weight measurement subsystem 121 . The command signal of the rotating auger 123 affects the motor speed (increase, maintain, or decrease) to achieve a set weight loss.

In other embodiments, the feed conduit 112 described herein can be of any equivalent controllable feeder type, such as a belt reclaimer, a compartment feeder, a plate feeder, a vibratory feeder, and the like. Feedthrough conduit 112 may also include a damper (not shown). Additionally, feedthrough conduit 112 may have one or more gas cartridges (not shown) for injecting nitrogen to remove oxygen.

The funnel 111 can also include a high level probe 127 and a low level probe 128 . It should be understood that for convenience, one high level probe and low level probe are shown, but multiple probes may be present. The probe can be used in conjunction with the weight measurement subsystem 121 . For the purposes of this creation, the probes can be point level indicators or volume proximity sensors. The position of the high level probe 127 and the low level probe 128 can be adjusted within the funnel 111 . The high level probe 127 is located near the top of the funnel 111 . When the high level probe 127 detects the material in the funnel 111 , the replenishment phase is complete and the feed phase begins. In contrast, the low level probe 128 is located below the high level probe 127 and near the bottom of the funnel 111 . The position of the low level probe 128 may allow for a sufficient amount of AA powder 102 to be dispensed during the replenishment phase. The replenishment phase begins when the low level probe 128 detects that the funnel 111 has no material at its location. As mentioned above, the feed can continue during the replenishment phase.

The AA solid can be an etchant. The weight loss loader 110 can be constructed of corrosion resistant materials such as austenitic stainless steel or, for example, 304, 304L, 316, and 316L, or other suitable corrosion resistant materials to provide an economical interface between equipment life and capital cost. A feasible balance. In addition, corrosion-resistant materials prevent corrosion contamination of the product. Other corrosion resistant materials are preferably more resistant to AA attack than carbon steel. High concentrations (eg, greater than 65%) of HMD are not corrosive to carbon steel, and thus carbon steel can be used to store concentrated HMD, while stainless steel can be used to store relatively dilute concentrations of HMD.

While an exemplary weight loss loader 110 has been shown, other acceptable weight loss loaders may include Acrison Models 402/404, 403, 405, 406, and 407; Merrick Model 570; K-Tron Models KT20, T35. , T60, T80, S60, S100 and S500; and Brabender FlexWall ^TM Plus and FlexWall ^TM Classic. The acceptable weight loss loader 110 should be capable of achieving a feed rate sufficient for continuous industrial operation. For example, the feed rate can be at least 500 Kg/h, such as at least 1000 Kg/h, at least 5,000 Kg/h, or at least 10,000 Kg/h. This creative embodiment can also use a higher feed rate.

reactor

In one embodiment, the present work comprises a reactor for making a nylon salt solution comprising: a continuous stirred tank reactor for making a nylon salt solution, the continuous stirred tank reactor comprising: for use in a continuous stirred tank reactor Introducing a first inlet of the dicarboxylic acid powder; a second inlet for introducing a first diamine feed to the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the second inlet is adjacent to the first inlet; one or more attachments a separator for the inner wall of the continuous stirred tank reactor; a stirrer shaft extending through the center of the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the stirrer shaft includes at least one upper impeller and at least one lower impeller; and a recirculation circuit a junction comprising a second diamine feed upstream of the pump and the sample loop; and a conduit for transferring the nylon salt solution directly from the recycle loop of the continuous stirred tank reactor to the storage vessel, wherein the conduit Does not have any inlet for introducing additional monomers selected from the group consisting of dicarboxylic acids, diamines, and combinations thereof, preventing the transfer of additional monomer to a pipe or storage vessel, wherein the reactor package Single reactor.

As shown in Figure 3, the nylon salt solution prepared in a continuous stirred tank reactor 140 at a single. Reactor 140 forms a sufficient turbulence for the manufacture of a homogeneous nylon salt solution. For the purposes of this creation, "continuous stirred tank reactor" refers to one reactor and does not include multiple reactors. This creation enables a uniform nylon salt solution to be achieved in a single container without the need for multiple cascaded containers as used in conventional methods. Suitable continuous stirred tank reactors are single vessel reactors, such as non-cascade reactors. Advantageously, this reduces capital investment in the manufacture of nylon salt solutions on an industrial scale. When used in combination with the weight loss loader described herein, the continuous stirred tank reactor is capable of achieving a uniform nylon salt solution that achieves the target pH and target salt concentration.

The nylon salt solution is withdrawn from reactor 140 and transferred directly to storage tank 195 . The subsequently introduced monomer (AA or HMD) is not introduced into the nylon salt solution between the extraction from the continuous stirred tank reactor 140 and into the storage tank 195 . More specifically, the nylon salt solution is withdrawn from the recycle loop 141 in line 144 and no monomer is added to line 144 . In one aspect, the conduit 144 does not have an inlet for introducing additional monomers, which may include dicarboxylic acids and/or diamines. Therefore, the pH of the nylon salt solution is not further adjusted by introducing additional monomer into the conduit, and in particular is not adjusted by the addition of additional HMD. Additional mixing and filtration of the nylon salt solution may be present as needed, but the monomer is only fed to a single continuous stirred tank reactor as described herein. Thus, the disclosed method avoids the need for multiple vessels and a continuous pH measurement and adjustment step that was previously required to maintain a stable stoichiometric balance between AA and HMD to make nylon 6,6.

Reactor 140 can have a height to diameter ratio of from 1 to 6, such as from 2 to 5. Reactor 140 may be constructed from materials selected from the group consisting of Herstloy C, aluminum and austenitic stainless steels (such as 304, 304L, 316, and 316L), or other suitable corrosion resistant materials to provide equipment life and capital. An economically viable balance between costs. The material can be selected by considering the temperature in the continuous stirred tank reactor 140 . The residence time in the continuous stirred tank reactor 140 varies depending on the size and feed rate, and is typically less than 45 minutes, such as less than 25 minutes. Liquid is drawn into the recirculation loop 141 in the lower outlet 148 and a nylon salt solution is drawn in the conduit 144 .

In general, suitable continuous stirred tank reactors comprise at least one monomer inlet for introducing AA, HMD and/or water. The inlet is directed to the top of the reactor. In some embodiments, the monomer is dropped into the liquid. In other embodiments, a liquid level probe tube can be used to feed the monomer at the liquid level. There may be multiple inlets for introducing each monomer in the reaction medium. An exemplary continuous stirred tank reactor is shown in FIG . As shown in Figure 3, the presence of AA HMD inlet 146 and inlet 145. Diamines pure form or in the HMD comprises 20 wt% to 55 wt% HMD (e.g. 30 wt% to 45 wt%), and 45 wt% to 80 wt.% Water (e.g., 55 wt% to 70 wt%) aqueous solution of 106 Form introduction. The aqueous solution 106 can be introduced via an inlet 146 adjacent the inlet 145 of the dicarboxylic acid powder 139 . In one embodiment, the inlet 146 and the inlet 145 can be between 0.3 m and 1 m apart. The aqueous solution 106 can aid dissolution and can at least partially dissolve the dicarboxylic acid powder 139 fed into the reactor 140 . Water can be introduced together with the diamine. Depending on the situation, there may be an inlet 147 for the individual introduction of water. Water can also be introduced through the reactor recovery column 131 . In some aspects, recovery column 131 is an exhaust condenser.

The liquid in reactor 140 is continuously drawn and passed through a recirculation loop 141 . Recirculation loop 141 may include one or more pumps 149 . Recirculation loop 141 may also include temperature control equipment (eg, serpentine tubes, jackets or equipment containing heat exchangers), temperature measuring equipment, and controllers. The temperature control device controls the temperature of the nylon salt solution in the recirculation loop 141 to prevent the nylon salt solution from boiling or slurrying. When additional HMD is introduced via line 107 (e.g., conditioning HMD), it is preferred to introduce HMD upstream of one or more pumps 149 at junction 142 and upstream of any pH or salt concentration analyzer. As further discussed herein, the conditioning HMD 107 can contain from 1% to 20% of the HMD required to form the nylon salt solution, such as from 1% to 10% of the desired HMD. Contact 142 can be a feed port for recirculation loop 141 . In addition to recirculating the liquid, pump 149 is also used as a secondary mixer. The pump can be used to introduce a regulated HMD into the recirculation loop 141 and mix and adjust the HMD with the liquid drawn from the reactor. The pump can be selected from the following groups: vane pumps, piston pumps, flexure pumps, multi-leaf pumps, gear pumps, ring piston pumps and screw pumps. In some embodiments, the pump 149 is located at the junction 142 . In other embodiments, pump 149 is located downstream of junction 142 but before junction 143 , as shown. Secondary mixing is preferably performed after all HMDs have been added (including the addition of conditioning HMD via line 107 ) and prior to any analysis or extraction to storage tank 195 . In an alternate embodiment, one or more static mixers (not shown) may be placed downstream of the pump 149 in the recirculation loop 141 . An exemplary static mixer is further described in Perry, Robert H. and Don W. Green. Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997: 18-25 to 18-34, which is incorporated by reference. The way is incorporated in this article.

At junction 143 , the nylon salt solution can be drawn into conduit 144 . The residence time in the conduit 144 can vary depending on the location of the storage tank 195 and the filter 190 , and is typically less than 600 seconds, such as less than 400 seconds. In one embodiment, valve 150 can be operated to control the pressure of the nylon salt solution. Although a valve is shown, it should be understood that additional valves may be used in the recirculation loop 141 . No monomer (e.g., AA or HMD) is introduced downstream of junction 143 or in conduit 144 . In addition, no monomer is introduced into the storage tank 195 under normal operating conditions.

The recirculation loop 141 may also include a heat exchanger 151 for regulating the temperature of the liquid in the reactor 140 . The temperature can be adjusted by using a temperature controller (not shown) in the reactor 140 or at the outlet of the continuous stirred tank reactor 140 (not shown). The liquid temperature can be adjusted using an internal heat exchanger such as a serpentine tube or jacket controller (not shown). The heat exchanger 151 can be supplied with cooling water that maintains a freezing point higher than a salt of a predetermined concentration. In one embodiment, the heat exchanger can be an indirect shell and tube heat exchanger, a spiral or plate and frame heat exchanger, or a reboiler for recovering heat from the reactor 140 . The temperature in reactor 140 is maintained in the range of 60 ° C to 110 ° C to prevent slurry formation and crystal formation. As the water concentration increases, the temperature of the solution is lowered. In addition, the temperature in reactor 140 is kept low to prevent oxidation of the HMD. A nitrogen blanket can also be provided to prevent oxidation of the HMD.

As shown in Figure 3, in one embodiment, the reactor 140 has an internal serpentine tube 152, which can be fed to the coolant temperature of the reactor was adjusted to the temperature 60 ℃ deg.] C to 110 of. In another embodiment, the reactor 140 can also be jacketed with a coolant (not shown). The internal serpentine tube can also regulate the temperature by recovering the heat generated by the reaction.

In addition to the temperature controller, reactor 140 may also have an atmospheric venting port in the presence of an exhaust condenser to maintain atmospheric pressure within reactor 140 . The pressure controller can have internal and/or external pressure sensors.

In one embodiment, a sampling line 153 for measuring the pH and/or salt concentration of the nylon salt may also be present. The sampling line 153 can be in fluid communication with the recirculation loop 141 and preferably receive a fixed flow to minimize the effects of flow on the analyzer. In one aspect, the sampling line 153 can extract less than 1% and more preferably less than 0.5% of the nylon salt solution in the recirculation loop 141 . One or more analyzers 154 may be present in the sampling line 153 . In some embodiments, the sampling line 153 can include a filter (not shown). In another embodiment, the sampling line 153 may contain a suitable heating or cooling device, such as a heat exchanger, to adjust and control the temperature of the sample stream. Similarly, sampling line 153 can include a watering line (not shown) that adds water to the sample stream to adjust the concentration. If water is added to the sample stream, the water can be deionized water. The water fed through the sampling line 153 is calculated to maintain the target salt concentration and other feeds of water can be adjusted. Analyzer 154 can include an on-line analyzer for instant measurement. Depending on the type of sampling, the test portion can be returned to reactor 140 via line 155 or discharged. The sampling line 153 can be returned via the recirculation loop 141 . Alternatively, sampling line 153 is returned to reactor 140 at various locations.

The continuous stirred tank reactor 140 remains at least 50% full, such as at least 60% full of liquid level 156 . The liquid level is chosen to be sufficient to submerge the CSTR vanes and thus prevent foaming of the nylon salt solution. Nitrogen or another inlet gas may be introduced to the headspace above level 156 via gas helium 157 .

The interior of the continuous stirred tank reactor 140 provides sufficient mixing to produce a desired nylon salt solution having a uniform pH. As shown in FIG. 4, there are extending vertically to the reactor through the agitator shaft 140 and the shaft center of the reactor 158. The agitator shaft 158 preferably extends along the centerline of the reactor 140 , but in some embodiments, the agitator shaft 158 can pass through the center. In embodiments as may be the case, the agitator shaft may be inclined. An eccentric agitator shaft can also be used as long as the desired mixing is achieved.

The agitator shaft 158 can have one or more impellers 159 such as a mixing paddle, a spiral belt, an anchor, a helical impeller, and/or a turbine. Axial flow impellers are preferred for mixing AA and HMD because such impellers tend to prevent solid particles from settling at the bottom of reactor 140 . In other embodiments, the impeller can be a flat blade radial turbine having a plurality of blades equally spaced along the disk. The entire agitator shaft 158 can have from 2 to 10 impellers, such as 2 to 4 impellers. 160 on the impeller blades 159 may be straight, curved, concave, convex, angled or pitch. The number of vanes 160 can vary from 2 to 20, such as from 2 to 10. The blade 160 may also have a stabilizer (not shown) or a scraper (not shown) as needed.

As shown in FIG. 4, three pitch of the turbine assembly 161. The agitator shaft 158 includes at least one upper pitch blade turbine 162 and at least one lower pitch blade turbine 163 . In the three-pitch turbine assembly 161 , the inclined face 164 of the upper pitch blade turbine 162 is preferably offset from the inclined face 164' of the lower pitch blade turbine 163 .

Multiple agitator shafts with different types of impellers, such as spirals and anchors, can also be used. In addition, side suspension stirrer shafts can be used, especially those with marine impellers.

Returning to Figure 3 , the agitator shaft 158 is driven by an external motor 165 that can mix liquid at 50 to 500 rpm, such as 50 to 300 rpm. The agitator shaft 158 can be movably mounted to the motor drive shaft 166 at the connector 167 . The speed of movement can vary, but the speed should generally be sufficient to maintain the full surface area of the solid particles in contact with the liquid phase, ensuring the highest availability of interfacial area for mass transfer in the solid-liquid.

Reactor 140 may also include one or more separators 168 for mixing and preventing the formation of a stagnant zone. The number of separators 168 can vary from 2 to 20, such as from 2 to 10, and is evenly spaced around the circumference of the reactor 140 . The separator 168 can be mounted to the inner wall of the reactor 140 . In general, a vertical partition 168 is used , but a curved partition can also be used. The separator 168 can extend above the liquid level 156 in the reactor 140 .

In one embodiment, reactor 140 includes an exhaust port through which exhaust gas is removed via line 135 and a recovery column 131 for returning condensable HMD to reactor 140 . Water 132 can be fed to recovery column 131 and recovered at bottom 133 of recovery column 131 . Water 132 is fed at the lowest rate to maintain the efficiency of recovery column 131 . The amount of water 132 is calculated to maintain the target salt concentration and other feeds of water can be adjusted. Exhaust gas 134 may condense to recover any water and monomer exhaust gases and may be returned via line 133 . Non-condensable gases, including nitrogen and air, may be removed as an off-gas stream 135 . When the recovery column 131 is an exhaust condenser, the recovery column 131 can be used to recover exhaust gas and remove non-condensable gases.

Nylon salt solution storage

As shown in FIG. 3, when the nylon salt solution is formed, which is fed into the storage tank 195, the nylon salt solution may be held therein until needed for polymerization. In some embodiments, storage tank 195 can include a recycle loop 193 that recycles a nylon salt solution. Internal jet mixer 194 can be used to maintain circulation within storage tank 195 . In one embodiment, the internal jet mixer 194 can be located 0.3 to 1.5 m, preferably 0.5 to 1 m from the bottom of the storage tank 195 . Further, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the nylon salt solution can be returned to the reactor 140 to prevent the process line from solidifying and/or correcting the desired change in the nylon salt solution or target pH and/or target salt solution in the event of system reversal. Any unused nylon salt solution of polymerization process 200 can also be returned to storage tank 195 .

Storage tank 195 may be constructed of corrosion resistant materials such as austenitic stainless steels such as 304, 304L, 316, and 316L, or other suitable corrosion resistant materials to provide an economically viable balance between equipment life and capital cost. The storage tank 195 may include one or more storage tanks depending on the size of the storage tank and the volume of the nylon salt solution to be stored. In some embodiments, the nylon salt solution is stored in at least two storage tanks, such as at least three storage tanks, at least four storage tanks, or at least five storage tanks. The storage tank 195 can be maintained at a temperature above the freezing point of the solution, such as at a temperature of from 60 °C to 110 °C. For a nylon salt solution having a salt concentration of 60% by weight to 65% by weight, the temperature can be maintained at 100 ° C to 110 ° C. An internal heater 196 can be present in the reservoir. Additionally, the recirculation loop may have one or more heaters 197 that supply heat to the storage tank. For example, the storage tank can have a reserve of up to 5 days of nylon salt solution, and more preferably up to 3 days of reserve capacity. The storage tank can be maintained under a nitrogen atmosphere at atmospheric pressure or slightly above atmospheric pressure.

In some embodiments, the nylon salt solution can be filtered to remove impurities prior to entering the storage tank 195 . The nylon salt solution can be filtered through at least one filter 190 , such as at least two filters or at least three filters. The filters 190 can be arranged in series or in parallel. Suitable filters may include membrane filters comprising polypropylene, cellulose, cotton and/or glass fibers. In some embodiments, the filter can have a pore size of 1 to 20 μm, such as 2 to 10 μm. The filter can also be an ultrafiltration filter, a microfiltration unit, a nanofiltration filter or an activated carbon filter.

Adjust HMD

As indicated in the above description, the HMD forming the nylon salt solution, i.e., the primary HMD and the regulated HMD, are introduced in different portions of the two locations in the process. To use a single continuous stirred tank reactor and form a uniform nylon salt solution, the nylon salt solution is drawn from reactor 140 into line 144 , and then no HMD is added after storage tank 195 . As may be controlled by through line 107 in FIG. 5 of the contact 142 into the HMD adjusted to further improve the technical requirements of the variance with respect to the target (e.g. target pH) of. The conditioning HMD is typically the smallest portion of the added HMD and is used as a fine tuning control for the pH of the nylon salt solution because the use of a smaller valve has a higher control over small changes in flow compared to the primary HMD feed. Adjusting the feed rate or flow rate of the primary HMD is the second preferred method of controlling the pH of the nylon salt solution because of the delay between the primary HMD adjustment and the pH measurement. Furthermore, since the HMD is adjusted to be the smallest portion of the HMD added to the CSTR, the HMD is adjusted to more precisely adjust the pH of the nylon salt solution and the pH analyzer provides near instantaneous feedback. The adjustment of HMD is added upstream of the pH measurement to reduce the delay in the addition of a pH action measurement that modulates the HMD. The water feed rate can also be adjusted to control the solids concentration in the nylon salt solution as the adjustment of the HMD is adjusted. These adjustments can be set by the controller and can be monitored by a refractometer in the sampling line 153 described herein.

The conditioning HMD 107 can be combined with the nylon salt solution prior to entering the conduit 144 . Without being bound by theory, the HMD 107 can react with any remaining free AA in the nylon salt solution. Additionally, the addition of conditioning HMD 107 can be used to adjust the pH of the nylon salt solution as described above.

In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to metering AA powder 102 based on weight from a weight loss loader 110 to a feed line that transfers a quantitative AA powder feed 139 at a low rate of change feed rate to a continuous rate. Stirring tank reactor 140 ; introducing an aqueous solution 106 comprising a first portion of HMD 104 and water 103 , respectively, into a continuous stirred tank reactor 140 to form a nylon salt solution; and introducing a second portion of the HMD into the nylon salt solution via line 107 (eg, Adjust HMD). The conditioning HMD 107 can be added to the nylon salt solution at the junction 142 in the recirculation loop 141 . The regulated HMD 107 is continuously fed into the recirculation loop 141 at a feed rate that allows adjustment of the flow of the HMD 107 within a range flow (e.g., 20 to 60%, 40 to 50%, or about 50%) through the valve. Medium range flow refers to maintaining continuous flow through the valve to prevent loss of control.

To achieve the target pH at a low rate of change, the method involves providing a constant feed rate of AA powder 102 using weight loss hopper 110 and adjusting the HMD and water feed rate in response to program control. Advantageously, a high manufacturing rate can be achieved by a continuous process. When the salt production rate is changed, the HMD feed rate is also adjusted proportionally because the AA feed rate changes at discrete intervals. The feed rate of the HMD can be adjusted by changing the feed rate of the primary HMD fed or by adjusting the feed rate of the HMD. In a preferred embodiment, the feed rate of the HMD 107 can be adjusted and the feed rate of the HMD 104 or the feed rate of the HMD aqueous feed 106 can be constant for a given salt production rate. In an alternate embodiment, the feed rate of the regulated HMD 107 can be set to a constant rate and the feed rate of the HMD 104 or the feed rate of the HMD aqueous feed 106 can be adjusted as necessary to achieve a target pH and/or salt concentration. In other embodiments, the feed rate of the HMD 104 and the HMD 107 or the feed rate of the HMD aqueous feed 106 can be adjusted to achieve a target pH and/or salt concentration.

The conditioning HMD 107 can have the same HMD source as the HMD 104 . HMD 104 can comprise from 80% to 99%, such as from 90% to 99%, of the total HMD in the nylon salt solution. The HMD 107 can be adjusted to be from 1% to 20%, for example from 1% to 10%, of the total HMD in the nylon salt solution. The ratio of HMD 104 to adjusted HMD 107 can be adjusted depending on the target pH and target salt concentration. As described herein, the ratio of HMD 104 to adjusted HMD 107 can be set by a model for the total HMD feed rate.

The HMD may be supplied in pure HMD form, for example in the form of an aqueous solution comprising at least 99.5% by weight HMD, such as 100% HMD and anhydrous, or may comprise 80% to 99.5% by weight HMD. The HMD 107 was adjusted to be fed to the nylon salt solution in pure HMD form or as an aqueous HMD solution. When the HMD 107 is adjusted to be an aqueous HMD solution, the aqueous solution that modulates the HMD 107 may comprise from 50% to 99% by weight HMD, such as from 60% to 95% by weight HMD or from 70% to 90% by weight HMD. As with the aqueous solution of HMD 104, the amount of water can be adjusted based on the target salt concentration of the HMD source and the nylon salt solution. Advantageously, the HMD concentration of the HMD 107 is adjusted from 90% to 100% by weight to increase the effect on pH control while minimizing the effect of adjusting the HMD 107 in salt concentration control.

The conditioning HMD 107 is added to the nylon salt solution upstream of the pump 149 and sampling line 153 in the recirculation loop. The pH of the nylon salt solution in the recirculation loop 141 can be measured using an analyzer 154 in the sampling line 153 after the addition of the conditioning HMD 107 . This allows for a small delay between adjusting the pH and pH measurement by adjusting the feed rate of the HMD 107 . No additional AA is added to the recirculation loop 141 . The HMD is not added to the recirculation loop 141 except for the adjustment of the HMD 107 . The conditioning HMD 107 is added upstream of the pH measurement to allow for pH measurement including adjustment of the HMD 107 .

Unlike the prior art methods shown in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0168375 and U.S. Patent No. 4,233,234, no adjustment of HMD is added after pH measurement. The addition of HMD after pH measurement creates a large delay in measuring the effect of the added HMD on pH, since the added HMD must pass through the reactor before being measured. Therefore, the addition of HMD in this manner may undershoot or overshoot the target pH such that such processes operate inefficiently by constantly chasing the target pH. Advantageously, the present application adds a regulated HMD upstream of the pH measurement such that the effect of regulating the HMD is addressed with a small delay and the problem of undershoot or overshoot of the target pH is avoided. In addition, this creation constantly feeds the adjustment HMD 107 as the valve remains at a medium range flow.

Program control

As described herein, in prior art processes, there may be a rate of change in the target technical requirements (including pH and salt concentration) in the nylon salt solution in a continuous process for making a polyamine salt solution (eg, a nylon salt solution). This rate of change in the target technical requirements can be caused, at least in part, by an unpredictable and fluctuating AA powder feed rate. These unpredictability and fluctuations make program control difficult because the process must be constantly monitored and adjusted downstream of the initial reactor prior to storage. Therefore, a single reactor operating continuously may not be able to effectively address the unpredictable and fluctuating AA powder feed rate. Conventionally, in order to address this unpredictability and fluctuations, a number of reactors, mixers, and multiple monomer feed locations (especially for the addition of HMD) are used to make a nylon salt solution having the desired technical requirements. The ability to adjust the nylon salt solution in multiple reactors was removed using a single continuous stirred tank reactor according to the present creation. However, by using a weight loss hopper to achieve an AA powder feed rate that varies by less than ± 5% to reduce the unpredictability and fluctuations in the AA powder feed rate, the author can utilize a model-based model with or without feedback. The feed control achieves a nylon salt solution having a target pH and salt concentration.

Feedforward control

The reaction model can be prepared based on the desired nylon salt solution production rate prior to the start of the continuous process of making the nylon salt solution. Based on this manufacturing rate, the AA powder feed rate is set, followed by setting the target pH and the target salt concentration. The HMD feed rate and water feed rate are then stoichiometrically calculated to achieve the target pH and target salt concentration. The HMD feed rate includes the primary HMD and the regulated HMD. The water feed rate includes all of the water feed into the reactor 140 . It should be understood that the target pH reflects the target molar ratio of AA to HMD. In other embodiments, additional features may be added to the model including, but not limited to, reaction temperature and reaction pressure. This model is used to set the feedforward control of the HMD and/or water feed rate to the continuous stirred tank reactor.

In some aspects, the model is prepared by inputting the feed rate of the AA powder provided by the weight loss picker described herein. AA feed rate for a given manufacturing rate It should be constant. The weight loss loader can contain discontinuous control as described herein to produce an AA powder feed rate with a low rate of change. The AA powder feed rate from the weight loss hopper can be provided to the model continuously, semi-continuously, or at discrete intervals (e.g., every 5 minutes, every 30 minutes, or every hour). In other aspects, because of the low rate of change of the AA powder feed rate, once the feed rate of the AA powder is set, the model can set the HMD feed rate and the water feed rate. These feed rates are set by the model to achieve the target pH and target salt concentration.

The model can be dynamic and can be adjusted by feedback signals from online and offline analyzers. For example, if the manufacturing rate, pH, or salt concentration needs to be changed, the model can be adjusted. The model can be stored in a memory such as a programmable logic controller (PLC) controller, a distributed control system (DCS) controller, or a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. In one embodiment, a PID controller with feedback signals can be used to account for errors in model calculations and flow measurements.

The feedforward control itself was previously not practical for forming a nylon salt solution with a low rate of change relative to the target technology requirement because the volumetric feeder cannot be used to accurately predict the AA powder feed rate. This is due, at least in part, to the change in AA powder feed rate caused by the use of a volume picker. Because of the rate of change of AA powder feed, a model that controls the ratio of AA to HMD cannot be produced. Therefore, such conventional methods can use feedback control and therefore require frequent adjustments or will be batch processes. However, when the AA powder is metered on a weight-to-continuous stirred tank reactor based on weight, the feedforward control is sufficient to continuously produce a nylon salt solution having a low rate of change relative to the target specification.

Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present teachings are directed to a method for controlling the continuous preparation of a nylon salt solution comprising: generating a model for setting a target feed rate of a dicarboxylic acid powder to produce a nylon salt solution having a target pH; Controlling the rate of change of the feed rate of the dicarboxylic acid powder by metering the dicarboxylic acid powder to the feed line based on the weight loss feeder, which transfers the dicarboxylic acid powder to a single continuous rate at the target feed rate Stirred tank reaction Introducing a diamine at a first feed rate to a single continuous stirred tank reactor and introducing water at a second feed rate, wherein the first and/or second feed rate is based on a model; The nylon salt solution is continuously and continuously extracted into the storage tank from a single continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the pH of the extracted nylon salt solution differs from the target pH by less than ±0.04.

To further illustrate the creation of the control program of the program, 6 shows a schematic diagram in FIG. For simplicity, Figure 6 excludes multiple pumps, recirculation loops, and heaters. Several flow meters (such as coriolis mass flow meters, positive displacement flow meters, electromagnetic flow meters, and turbine flow meters) for measuring flow through the system are shown in FIG . In some embodiments, the flow meter may also be capable of measuring temperature and/or density. The output of the flow meter can be input to the controller 113 continuously or at regular intervals. Preferably, at least one flow meter is present upstream of each flow meter valve. In some embodiments, the flow meter and flow meter valve can be provided integrally and together in a compact package. Although one controller is shown, in some embodiments, there may be multiple controllers. As shown in FIG. 6, AA powder fed via line 102 to produce weight loss chase quantitative feeder 110 139 AA powder feed material. The controller 113 sends a signal 211 to the rotary auger 123 . Using the model, the controller 113 can store the HMD and water feed forward feed rate models. As described above, the weight loss loader 110 adjusts the rate of change of the AA powder to provide a quantitative AA powder feed 139 having a low rate of change relative to the target feed rate. For example, the weight loss tracker 110 can use the feedback loop from the weight measurement subsystem 121 to adjust the speed of the rotating auger 123 .

The controller 113 sends a feed forward signal 213 to the flow meter valve 214 to regulate the flow of water 103 entering the reactor 140 via line 106 . Similarly, controller 113 sends a feed forward signal 215 to flow meter valve 216 to regulate the flow of HMD 104 entering reactor 140 via line 106 . The feedforward signal is set by the model to achieve the target pH and target salt concentration. In another embodiment, the controller 113 sends a feedforward signal (not shown) to the flow meter valve (not shown) to adjust the feed rate of the HMD aqueous solution 106 to the reactor 140 . Because feedforward signals 213 and 215 are used for HMD and water to reactor 140 , it is not necessary to obtain any on-line or off-line measurements of HMD aqueous solution 106 . In addition, there is a feed signal 217 to the flow meter valve 218 to regulate the flow of the regulated HMD 107 entering the recirculation loop 141 . The model determines the relative amount of HMD fed through the primary HMD 104 and the regulated HMD 107 . Feed forward signal 217 is adjusted to ensure a medium range output flow to metering valve 217 of HMD 107 . In one embodiment, the model may establish a feed rate sent by the feed forward signal 217 to the flow meter valve 218 to ensure that the constant flow (ie, medium range flow) of the regulated HMD 107 is maintained.

Secondary program control

In addition to using feed forward control based on prior modeling outside, as shown in FIG. 6, the control program may include a program control as a feedback signal of the two to achieve the target pH and the target salt concentration. These feedback signals can be measured from the flow meter and on-line analyzer 154 , which are used to adjust the HMD and water feed, preferably to adjust the HMD and water feed. The line analyzer 154 can include a pH probe, a refractometer, and combinations thereof. The pH probe and refractometer can be connected in series or in parallel.

As described herein, when the AA powder is metered on a weight basis, the feed rate of the AA powder can have a low rate of change. This low rate of change provides a reliable feed rate for the AA powder, improves the ability to achieve the target pH and target salt concentration, and adjusts the HMD and water feed rate based on the feedback signal. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present teachings are directed to a method of controlling the continuous manufacture of a nylon salt solution comprising: generating a model for setting a target feed rate of a dicarboxylic acid powder to produce a nylon salt solution having a target pH Controlling the rate of change of the feed rate of the dicarboxylic acid powder by metering the dicarboxylic acid powder to a feed line from a weight loss feeder that transfers the dicarboxylic acid powder to a single continuous stirred tank reactor And introducing a diamine at a first feed rate to a single continuous stirred tank reactor and introducing water at a second feed rate to produce a nylon salt solution having a target pH; at a third feed rate to a single continuous stirred tank The diamine is continuously introduced into the recycle loop of the reactor; the pH change of the nylon salt solution is detected by on-line pH measurement of the nylon salt solution downstream of the diamine introduction; and the third feed rate is adjusted in response to the pH change. pH change with target pH A nylon salt solution of less than ±0.04.

As shown in Figure 7, the method uses line analyzer 154 (e.g. pH meter line 154) to generate a feedback signal, measuring pH in the recirculation loop 141 nylon salt solution. To facilitate on-line measurement of the pH of the nylon solution, a nylon salt solution is continuously withdrawn from the reactor and at least a portion of the nylon salt solution is directed to a recycle loop 141 and a sample line 153 . The recirculation loop 141 can include a flow meter (not shown) and a flow meter valve. In another embodiment, the recirculation loop 141 can include a pressure controller (not shown) to control the flow of the nylon salt solution. The flow rate of the nylon salt solution through the recirculation loop 141 is preferably constant. The sampling line 153 contains components for pH measurement (such as a pH meter) and/or components for salt concentration measurement (such as a refractometer). In one embodiment, the pH of at least a portion of the nylon salt solution is measured under reactor conditions without any dilution or cooling. At least a portion of the nylon salt solution is then returned to reactor 140 either directly or via a vent condenser. The nylon salt solution can displace the water fed into the vent condenser when at least a portion of the nylon salt solution is returned to the reactor via the vent condenser. The sampling line 153 may also include a cooler (not shown) for cooling the nylon salt solution and a temperature sensor (not shown) for measuring the temperature prior to pH measurement. In some embodiments, the nylon salt solution is cooled to a target temperature prior to pH measurement. This target temperature can be a target that is in the range of 5 ° C to 10 ° C colder than the nylon salt solution exiting the reactor 140 . The change in temperature relative to the target temperature can be less than ± 1 ° C, such as less than ± 0.5 ° C. A temperature sensor (not shown) may be present upstream of the pH measurement to monitor the temperature of the nylon salt solution.

The on-line pH meter 154 then provides an output 226 to the controller 113 . This output 226 sends the pH value measured by the on-line pH meter 154 to the controller 113 . The on-line pH meter 154 was used to determine the rate of change of the pH of the nylon salt solution during the continuous process. In other words, the on-line pH meter 154 can measure a pH that may be different from the target pH due to the change in conditions, but when the measured pH changes, the controller 113 adjusts the monomer feed. In a preferred embodiment, the pH of the nylon salt solution varies by less than ± 0.04, such as less than ± 0.03 or less than ± 0.015. Since the on-line pH measurement will fluctuate, the on-line pH measurement is used to measure the pH change rate rather than the absolute pH. This is at least in part because the feed control is allowed before the target pH is set. Changes in the manufacturing process can be detected by using an on-line pH meter to determine if the pH has changed. Using secondary control, a change in pH can cause a corresponding adjustment of at least one of the feed rates sent to flow meter valves 216 and 218 via signal lines 215 and 217 , respectively. To provide responsive pH adjustment, a signal adjustment adjustment HMD 107 is sent to valve 218 via line 217 . The amount of adjustment made to adjust the HMD 107 can be resolved by the flow meter valve 216 correspondingly changing the primary HMD 104 . This adjustment is responsive and should be able to revert to the feed rate of the feedforward control settings once the pH change is not displayed. These adjustments to adjust the HMD 107 can also affect the salt concentration of the nylon salt solution. These salt concentration changes can be controlled by adjusting the water by signal 213 of flow meter valve 214 .

Since the process for forming the nylon salt solution is continuous, the pH measurement in the on-line pH meter 154 can be obtained instantaneously (e.g., continuously) or almost instantaneously. In some embodiments, pH measurements are taken every 60 minutes, such as every 45 minutes, every 30 minutes, every 15 minutes, or every 5 minutes. The pH meter can have an accuracy of within ±0.05, such as ±0.02.

The method may further comprise measuring the salt concentration of the nylon salt solution using a refractometer in addition to the on-line pH meter 154 , and adjusting the water feed rate. In one embodiment, the water feed rate can be adjusted by water feed from the recovery column 131 . The salt concentration can also be adjusted by adding water to or removing water from the nylon salt solution downstream of the reactor.

Depending on the adjustments required for feedback, the model can also use secondary controls to adjust the primary HMD and water. This is especially advantageous when there is a tendency to cause a long-term adjustment to adjust the pH of the HMD 107 .

In addition to feedback from the on-line pH meter 154 , each flow meter can provide information or mass flow rate to the controller 113 . As shown in FIG. 7, each of the preferred flow meter valves and capable of measuring the mass flow rate of the flowmeter associated. Flow meter 214' provides information to controller 113 via line 213' . Flow meter 216' provides feedback to controller 113 via line 215' . Flow meter 218' provides feedback to controller 113 via line 217' . This information from the flow meter can be used to maintain the overall manufacturing rate.

Prior art methods for measuring the pH of a nylon salt solution using a pH probe have been disclosed. See U.S. Patent No. 4,233,234 and U.S. Publication No. 2010/0168375. However, each of these prior art methods measures the pH of the nylon salt solution followed by the addition of additional diamines and/or acids to adjust the pH. The effect of the additional diamine and/or acid is determined until the additional diamine and/or acid is incorporated into the reactor and re-extracted for measurement. This method results in "chasing" the pH and forming a non-reactive program control that may overshoot or undershoot the target pH.

In this creation, as shown in Figure 3 and 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 as shown in, adjusting the line upstream preferred pH meter fed HMD 107. Thus, the HMD in the HMD 107 is adjusted to combine with the nylon salt solution in the reactor recycle loop and the pH of the nylon salt solution is measured prior to recycling through the reactor 140 .

Secondary program control with online laboratory measurement

As described above, the pH measurement from the secondary program control does not have to reflect the target pH, but rather is used to address the pH change. In order to improve the sensitivity of the pH measurement, the secondary program control may also involve measuring the pH of the nylon salt solution under laboratory control. Without being bound by theory, the pH improvement accuracy of the nylon salt solution is measured under laboratory conditions because the sensitivity of the pH measurement near the reflection point is increased under the reduced concentration and temperature conditions. This allows for the detection of small pH changes that are not significant under the reaction conditions. For the purposes of this creation, laboratory conditions refer to the measurement of a nylon salt solution sample at a temperature of 15 ° C to 40 ° C, for example 20 ° C to 35 ° C or 25 ° C, ± 0.2 ° C. The nylon salt solution sample measured under laboratory conditions may have a salt concentration of 8 to 12%, such as 9.5%. This pH measurement under laboratory conditions is performed by diluting and cooling the nylon salt solution line in the sampling line 153 .

Thus, in one example, the present teachings are directed to a method of controlling the continuous manufacture of a nylon salt solution comprising: generating a model for setting a target feed rate of a dicarboxylic acid powder to produce a nylon salt solution having a target pH; Controlling the rate of change of the feed rate of the dicarboxylic acid powder by metering the dicarboxylic acid powder onto the feed line from a weight loss feeder that transfers the dicarboxylic acid powder to a single continuous stirred tank reactor Single order Each of the continuous stirred tank reactors separately introduces the diamine at a first feed rate and introduces water at a second feed rate to produce a nylon salt solution having a target pH; at a third feed rate to a single continuous stirred tank reactor The diamine is continuously introduced into the recycle loop; the sample portion of the nylon salt solution is obtained downstream of the adjustment of the diamine introduction; the diluted and cooled sample portion is diluted to a concentration of 5% to 15% and the temperature is 15 ° C to 40 ° C. a nylon salt solution; detecting a change in the pH of the diluted nylon salt solution using an on-line pH measurement that adjusts the downstream nylon salt solution introduced by the diamine; and adjusting the third feed rate in response to the pH change to produce a pH relative to the target pH Change the nylon salt solution to less than ±0.04.

As shown in FIG. 9, in order to facilitate the nylon line was measured under the laboratory conditions of pH, extracted from the reactor continuously and the nylon salt solution at least part of the nylon salt solution (e.g., less than 1%) directed to the recirculation loop 141 And sampling line 153 . Sampling line 153 contains components for pH measurement under laboratory conditions. The sampling line 153 may also include a cooler (not shown) to cool the nylon salt solution. In other embodiments, this cooler can be omitted. The temperature and concentration of the nylon salt solution in the sampling line 153 can be adjusted by adding water via line 220 . This water is a small fraction of the overall water feed rate that the model addresses. Water is added in an amount sufficient to achieve the desired temperature and concentration of the diluted nylon salt solution sample for pH measurement and at the temperature at which the target is achieved. Further cooling of the diluted sample can be included. The pH of at least a portion of the nylon salt solution is obtained under laboratory conditions, and then at least a portion of the nylon salt solution is returned to reactor 140 as described herein. The on-line pH meter 154 then provides an output 226 to the controller 113 .

The rate of change of the pH of the nylon salt solution was measured using an on-line pH meter 154 as described above. In a preferred embodiment, the pH of the nylon salt solution varies by less than ± 0.04, such as less than ± 0.03 or less than ± 0.015. Similar to the pH measurement under the reaction conditions, since the on-line pH measurement has a floating value, the pH change rate is measured using the on-line pH measurement under laboratory conditions instead of the target pH. This is at least in part because the feed control is allowed before the target pH is set. Changes in the manufacturing process can be detected by using an on-line pH meter to determine if the pH has changed. Similar to the secondary program control, the feed rate can be adjusted by sending signals to lines 215 and 217 of flow meter valves 216 and 218 . These adjustments can also affect the salt concentration of the nylon salt solution. These salt concentration changes can be controlled by adjusting the water by signal 213 to flow meter valve 214 .

Since the process for forming the nylon salt solution is continuous, the pH measurement in the on-line pH meter 154 can be obtained instantaneously (e.g., continuously) or almost instantaneously. In some embodiments, pH measurements are taken every 60 minutes, such as every 45 minutes, every 30 minutes, every 15 minutes, or every 5 minutes. The pH measuring member should have an accuracy of ±0.05, such as ±0.03 or ±0.01.

Three-level program control

Although, as FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 in the feedforward control and the feedback signal may help reduce the rate of change of the technical requirements of the nylon salt solution, but further analysis (pH, especially off-line analysis) is carried out under laboratory conditions can be used Detect the uniformity of the nylon salt solution. Off-line program control under such laboratory conditions is referred to as three-level program control, which may include pH and/or salt concentration measurements. In one embodiment, the pH of the nylon salt solution can be measured off-line under laboratory conditions to determine if the target pH is achieved. Off-line pH measurement also detects any instrument problems or deviations that can be adjusted. In another embodiment, the nylon salt solution pH measured offline under laboratory conditions can also be used to adjust to signal lines 215 and 217 of flow meter valves 216 and 218 . Off-line pH measurements under laboratory conditions can have the ability to measure pH within ±0.01.

Thus, in one example, the present teachings are directed to a method of controlling the continuous manufacture of a nylon salt solution comprising: generating a model for setting a target feed rate of a dicarboxylic acid powder to produce a nylon salt solution having a target pH; Controlling the rate of change of the feed rate of the dicarboxylic acid powder by metering the dicarboxylic acid powder onto the feed line from a weight loss feeder that transfers the dicarboxylic acid powder to a single continuous stirred tank reactor And introducing a diamine at a first feed rate to a single continuous stirred tank reactor and introducing water at a second feed rate to produce a nylon salt solution having a target pH; at a third feed rate to a single continuous stirred tank The diamine is continuously introduced into the recycle loop of the reactor; the sample is removed from the nylon salt solution downstream of the adjustment of the diamine introduction for use in an aqueous solution at a temperature of 15 ° C to 40 ° C Off-line pH measurement of nylon salt solution; determination of deviation of pH value on line by off-line pH measurement; detection of nylon salt on off-line pH measurement of nylon salt solution introduced downstream of diamine introduction The pH of the solution changes; and the third feed rate is adjusted in response to the pH change to produce a nylon salt solution having a change in pH relative to the target pH of less than ± 0.04.

As shown in FIG. 8, sample line 153 in at least a portion of the nylon salt solution is directed through line 154 pH meter, wherein the pH is obtained and the measured value of the output 226 directed to controller 113. The sampling line 153 may also include a cooler (not shown) that cools the nylon salt solution prior to passing through the pH meter 154 . At least a portion of the nylon salt solution in sampling line 153 can be removed via line 221 and measured using a laboratory pH meter 222 . Water is added to line 221 via line 220 to a particular concentration, and the sample is then cooled to a target temperature of, for example, 15 °C to 40 °C or about 25 °C. In one embodiment, the sample can be diluted and cooled using cooling water. The pH of the nylon salt solution in line 221 is measured and output 226 is sent to controller 113 . A portion of the nylon salt solution tested under laboratory conditions can then be combined with test sample return line 155 and returned to reactor 140 via line 224 . In some embodiments, testing a portion of the nylon salt solution under laboratory conditions can be placed outside of process 100 via line 223 .

To achieve laboratory temperature and concentration, a sample of the nylon salt solution removed from the recycle loop can be diluted and cooled with water added via line 220 . A sample of the diluted nylon salt solution can be cooled using a temperature bath. Samples can be taken as needed, such as every 4 to 6 hours, daily or weekly. In the case of system reversal, samples can be taken more frequently, such as every hour. In general, off-line pH analyzers can be used to resolve meter deviations in online analyzers. For example, if the target pH is 7.500, the on-line pH analyzer can report a pH of 7.400, while the off-line analyzer reports a pH of 7.500 indicating the on-line pH analyzer meter deviation. In one aspect, an exponentially weighted moving average automatic deviation line analyzer can be used each time an offline measurement is taken. In some aspects, the output of the off-line analyzer is used to correct any deviation or float of the inline analyzer. In other aspects, the inline analyzer is uncorrected, but the float or bias is monitored by an off-line analyzer. In this aspect, the pH change is determined by an on-line analyzer, such as at a preset acceptable rate of change.

In another embodiment, an off-line analyzer can be used to measure the target salt concentration of the nylon salt solution. Off-line salt concentration measurements can also detect any instrument problems or deviations that can be adjusted. When multiple refraction timings are used, each refractometer can be independently biased.

Nylon polymerization

The nylon salt solution described herein can be directed to a polymerization process 200 for forming polyamines (especially nylon 6,6). Nylon salt solution may be from a continuous stirred tank reactor 140 is sent directly to the polymerization process or 200 may be first stored in the storage tank 195 and then sent to the polymerization process 200, as shown in FIG. 10.

The nylon salt solution of the present invention has a uniform pH which improves the polymerization process of the polyamide. The uniform pH of the nylon salt solution provides a reliable starting material for the manufacture of a variety of polyamide products. This greatly improves the reliability of the polymer product. In general, the polymerization process comprises evaporating water from a nylon salt solution to concentrate the nylon salt solution and concentrating the concentrated nylon salt to form a polyamine product. One or more evaporators 202 can be used. The water may be evaporated under vacuum or pressure to remove at least 75% water in the nylon salt solution, and more preferably at least 95% water in the nylon salt solution. The concentrated nylon salt 203 may contain 0 to 20% by weight of water. Concentration can be carried out in a batch process or in a continuous process. Additional AA and/or HMD may be added to polymerization reactor 204 depending on the final polymerization product desired. In some embodiments, the additive can be combined with the polyamidamine product.

For the present invention, it is suitable for the polyamine product to be at least 85% carbon chain aliphatic between the guanamine groups.

When transferred from the storage tank 195 to the evaporator 202 , the nylon salt solution can be maintained at a temperature above its melting point. This prevents pipeline fouling. In some embodiments, the vapor captured from evaporator 202 can be used to maintain temperature. In other embodiments, heated cooling water can also be used.

The polymerization can be carried out in a single stage reactor or a multistage concentration reactor 204 . Different nylon products 208 can be made by adding additional monomer (AA or HMD, but preferably HMD) via line 205 . Reactor 204 can include a stirrer for mixing nylon salts. Reactor 204 can also use a thermal transfer media jacket to adjust the temperature. The condensation reaction in the reactor 204 may be carried out in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen and can be added to the reactor 204. The polymerization temperature may vary depending on the starting dicarboxylic acid and the diamine, but is generally higher than the melting temperature of the nylon salt, and more preferably at least 10 ° C higher than the melting temperature. For example, a nylon salt comprising a hexamethylene diammonium adipate salt has a melting temperature in the range of from 165 °C to 190 °C. Thus, the condensation reaction can be carried out at a reactor temperature of from 165 ° C to 350 ° C, for example from 190 ° C to 300 ° C. The condensation reaction can be carried out under atmospheric pressure or under a pressurized atmosphere. The nylon product 208 was removed from the reactor as a free flowing solid product.

Water produced during the condensation reaction can be removed from the reactor vent line 209 as a vapor stream. The vapor stream can be a condensed and vapor monomer (such as a diamine), and the vapor stream that escapes with the water can be returned to the reactor.

Subsequent processing, such as extrusion, spinning, drawing or tensile deformation, can be carried out to produce the polyamine product. The polyamine product can be selected from the group consisting of nylon 4,6; nylon 6,6; nylon 6,9; nylon 6,10; nylon 6,12; nylon 11; and nylon 12. Additionally, the polyamine product can be a copolymer such as nylon 6/6,6.

The following non-limiting examples describe the method of the present creation.

Instance Example 1

By means of bulk bag unloading, lining bulk bag unloading, lining box container unloading or funnel track automatic car unloading station, transport system by means of mechanical (ie screw, traction chain) or pneumatic (ie high pressure air, vacuum air or closed loop nitrogen) The AA powder is transferred from the unloading system to the supply container.

The supply vessel was transferred to a weight loss (L-I-W) feeder as needed and adjusted by the PLC based on the low and high levels of the selected L-I-W funnel. The supply container measures the AA powder by means of a screw conveyor or a rotary feeder, the loading rate of which is sufficient to allow a half of the minimum L-I-W discharge time equal to the low level from the L-I-W box to a low level and preferably less than one. The L-I-W feeder funnel is filled at half the maximum time interval to receive feedback of the L-I-W feeder feed rate for at least 67% of the time.

The LIW picker system PLC adjusts the LIW picker screw speed to maintain the feed rate (as measured from the LIW picker funnel load meter) at the feed rate target feed received from the distributed control system (DCS) .

As shown, recovery of adipic acid by weight loss feeder feed rate variation rate over 11 48 hours of continuous feeding period of less than ± 5% of the feed rate change rate. As shown in FIG. 12, after the feed rate of change of 40-hour period may be less than ± 3%. Over 18 hour period rate of change of the feed rate as shown in Figure 13, may be less than ± 1%. The use of a weight loss hopper for adipic acid improves the efficiency of feed rate change rate by eliminating interference with the rate of feed of the adipic acid using a volumetric hopper.

Example 2

A model for making a nylon salt solution according to a continuous process was prepared. The nylon salt solution contains water and hexamethylene diammonium adipate. The model was set to achieve a 63% salt concentration in the nylon salt solution and achieve a target pH of 7.500. The feed rate of AA is determined based on the desired yield of the nylon salt solution. The feed rate of HMD and water is determined based on the salt concentration and pH to be achieved. As described in Example 1, adipic acid was transferred from a powder unloading system to a weight loss feeder at a low rate of change.

The AA powder from the weight loss hopper is directly supplied to the continuous agitation tank by means of a falling chute with a nitrogen injection rate of 20 to 30 nM ³ /h, continuously purifying the tank discharge and the steam generated in the reactor. reactor.

The DCS model determines the DCS set point for the weight loss adipic acid feed rate based on the salt feed rate of the salt reactor continuous stirred tank reactor and the target stock of salt storage by the DCS model. The salt feed rate is measured by means of a Coriolis mass flow meter and can be adjusted according to the target at a configurable interval based on the inventory model rather than directly using the adipic acid feed rate. Typically, the adipic acid feed rate is used directly with the weight loss feeder feed rate fed back to the DCS.

A 98% strength HMD solution was supplied to the in-line static mixer from a pressure controlled HMD storage recirculation heater. The Coriolis mass flow meter measurement is input to the DCS, and the DCS uses the feedforward ratio control loop to adjust the HMD feed stream flow rate of the static mixer to accurately control the HMD added to the continuous stirred tank reactor based on the AA powder feed rate. . This primary HMD charge is about 95% of the desired HMD charge for the process.

The feedback loop of the HMD valve output control is adjusted to adjust the DCS HMD to the set point of the flow controller, and the output of the regulated HMD valve is controlled to a medium range to ensure that the valve continues to be within the control range.

Deionized water is supplied from the pressure controlled deionized water supply manifold to the on-line static mixer. The Coriolis mass flow meter measurement is input to the DCS, and the DCS uses a feedforward ratio control loop to adjust the deionized water feed stream flow rate of the static mixer to precisely control the aqueous solution concentration of AA and HMD in the continuous stirred tank reactor. The deionized water feed rate is set within the DCS to allow the desired deionized water injection rate of the reactor vent condenser.

The in-line static mixer product stream is charged directly to the top of the CSTR at a defined position 0.3 to 1.0 m from the adipic acid feed tank to aid in the dissolution of the input adipic acid feed.

The pH is continuously measured by an excess pH meter in the filtered temperature and flow control sample recirculation loop supplied by the reactor recirculation pump. Using the pH input of the continuously compared on-line pH measurement pair selected by the DCS, the DCS adjustment adjusts the feed rate of the HMD to maintain the pH at the target set point in the DCS. This conditioning HMD charge is about 5% of the total HMD charge for the process.

Based on a statistical basic algorithm, adjust the pH controller setpoint using pH analysis of samples taken at discrete intervals downstream of the reactor and adjusted to 9.5% concentration and 25 °C to achieve maximum acid/amine balance as a function of pH. Sensitivity, or by adjusting the pH setting of the pH controller from a line analyzer that continuously dilutes/regulates the reactor product or preferably the product from the subsequent storage vessel to a concentration of 9.5% and 25 °C.

Injecting the regulated HMD into the main reactor recirculation loop pump head to achieve The fastest reaction time of the pH meter and ensuring that the reactor product is adjusted to the target value in the shortest time. The pump is used to blend the HMD with the reactor salt product to ensure a uniform solution for each of the pH meter and concentration meter.

The CSTR contains a reactor tank and a recycle loop. The recirculation loop includes a first loop that recycles a portion of the nylon salt solution to the reactor and a sampling line that directs a portion of the nylon salt solution through the pH meter and then back to the reactor. The sampling line may comprise a cooler that cools the nylon salt solution from the temperature at which the nylon salt solution exits the reactor from about 5 ° C to 10 ° C. The pH of the cooled nylon salt solution was continuously measured. The cooled nylon salt solution is returned to the reactor. The pH measurement is fed back to the program control computer and the model is adjusted. The model adjusts the HMD feed rate.

A portion of the nylon salt solution was taken offline and then the pH of the portion of the nylon salt solution was measured under laboratory conditions. To measure the nylon salt solution under laboratory conditions, the nylon salt solution was diluted with water to a concentration of about 9.5%. The diluted nylon salt solution can be cooled to about 25 ° C by a temperature bath. The pH of the nylon salt solution under laboratory conditions was measured and compared to the target pH and on-line pH measurements. The model is then adjusted to provide a feed rate that ensures a low change in HMD relative to the target pH.

The reactor concentration was continuously measured by an excess refractometer in the same filtered temperature and flow control sample recirculation loop supplied by the reactor recirculation pump. Using the concentration input of the continuously compared online concentration measurement pair selected by the DCS, the DCS adjusts the set point of the DCS deionized water to the flow controller by means of a feedback loop to maintain the concentration at the target set point.

The reactor product was continuously fed to the salt storage by means of liquid level control of the reactor. This transfer includes at least one stack of filter cartridge-type filter housings arranged in parallel that are designed for an initial cleaning pressure drop of up to 34.5 kPa (5 psig) at a maximum instantaneous salt solution transfer rate to storage. Cartridge removal efficiency using synthetic fiber depth or folded membrane cartridges has a minimum rating of 10 [mu]m absolute, or a nominal nominal value of 1 [mu]m when using a cotton fiber wound filter cartridge. The filter selection is based on a filter cartridge with a nominal operating temperature of at least 110 °C.

It is preferred to use a tank mixing ejector located 0.5 to 1 m from the bottom of the tank to continuously recycle the nylon salt solution through the salt storage tank to more quickly switch the tank concentration to maximize blending efficiency.

For a 63% salt concentration, the salt storage tank temperature was adjusted between 100 °C and 105 °C by adjusting the vapor flow rate of the recycle line heat exchanger. The uniform pH of the nylon salt solution in the storage tank is 7.500 ± 0.0135.

Example 3

A nylon salt solution was prepared as in Example 2, but on-line pH measurements were performed under laboratory conditions: a concentration of about 9.5% at a temperature of about 25 °C.

Comparison example A

The model and method follow Example 2, but a volumetric picker is used instead of the weight loss loader. This model is not practical because of the large variations in AA powder feed. The pH of the nylon salt solution varies by more than 0.120 relative to the target pH. The nylon salt solution therefore has varying crystallization temperatures and boiling temperatures. Therefore, poor pH control results in a significantly higher freezing point, which would require higher processing temperatures to prevent crystallization risks. Poor control also causes the nylon salt solution to boil due to different boiling points, thus reducing the yield of the nylon salt solution.

Compare example B

The model and method follow Example 2, but use the second CSTR. A nylon salt solution is drawn from the first CSTR and fed to the second CSTR. The pH of the nylon salt solution was measured between the first CSTR and the second CSTR. Additional HMD and/or water is added to the second CSTR depending on the pH and the target pH. The nylon salt solution was removed from the second CSTR and the pH was measured. The pH is 0.120 pH units relative to the target pH. Additional CSTR is required to further adjust the pH of this nylon salt solution, which results in increased capital costs and operating costs.

Although this creation has been described in detail, modifications within the spirit and scope of this creation will become apparent to those skilled in the art. All publications and references mentioned above are incorporated herein by reference. In addition, you should understand the aspects of this creation and the multiple implementations cited. The examples and portions of the various features may be combined or interchanged in whole or in part. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, in the foregoing description of the various embodiments, the embodiments of the other embodiments may be combined as appropriate. In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing description is by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting.

100‧‧‧Nylon salt solution process

102‧‧‧Line/AA powder

103‧‧‧Line/water

104‧‧‧Line/HMD

105‧‧‧Static mixer

106‧‧‧Line/Aqueous/Aqueous Feed

107‧‧‧Line/Adjust HMD

110‧‧‧weight loss feeder

139‧‧‧Quantitative adipic acid feed / AA powder feed stream / dicarboxylic acid powder / AA powder feed / pipeline

140‧‧‧Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor/Reactor

141‧‧‧Recycling circuit

142‧‧‧Contacts

143‧‧‧Contacts

144‧‧‧ Pipes

149‧‧‧ pump

153‧‧‧Sampling pipeline

154‧‧‧Online Analyzer/Analyzer/Online pH Meter/pH Meter

155‧‧‧ pipeline

190‧‧‧Filter

195‧‧‧ storage tank

199‧‧‧ pipeline

200‧‧‧polymerization process

Claims (15)

A reactor for producing a nylon salt solution, comprising: a continuous stirred tank reactor for producing a nylon salt solution, comprising: a first inlet for introducing a dicarboxylic acid powder into the continuous stirred tank reactor; Introducing a first diamine feed to a second inlet in the continuous stirred tank reactor, wherein the second inlet is adjacent to the first inlet; one or more are attached to the continuous stirred tank reactor a separator of the wall; an agitator shaft extending through the center of the continuous agitation tank reactor, wherein the agitator shaft includes at least one upper impeller and at least one lower impeller; and includes for introduction upstream of the pump and the sample loop a recirculation loop of the junction of the second diamine feed; and a conduit for transferring the nylon salt solution directly from the recirculation loop of the continuous stirred tank reactor to a storage vessel, wherein the conduit has no for introduction Selecting any inlet of additional monomers of the group consisting of dicarboxylic acids, diamines, and combinations thereof to prevent transfer of such additional monomers to the conduit or the storage vessel, wherein the reactor comprises a single linkage Stirred tank reactor. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the at least one lower impeller and the at least one upper impeller each comprise a pitch blade turbine. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the at least one upper impeller has an inclined surface that is offset from an inclined surface of the at least one lower impeller. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the sample loop comprises at least one in-line analyzer for measuring the pH and/or salt concentration of the nylon salt solution. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the first inlet and the second inlet are above a liquid level in the continuous stirred tank reactor. The reactor of claim 1 wherein the continuous stirred tank reactor comprises a third inlet for introducing a water feed. The reactor of claim 1 wherein the continuous stirred tank reactor further comprises an internal thermal coil. The reactor of claim 1 wherein the recycle loop comprises a heat exchanger to regulate the temperature within the continuous stirred tank reactor. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the continuous stirred tank reactor comprises one or more temperature controllers and one or more pressure controllers to maintain a temperature of from 60 ° C to 110 ° C and atmospheric pressure. The reactor of claim 1, which further comprises a gas helium for introducing nitrogen. The reactor of claim 1 further comprising an exhaust condenser for returning the condensable diamine to the continuous stirred tank reactor. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the continuous stirred tank reactor and the piping are constructed of a material selected from the group consisting of: Hastelloy C, stainless steel, and other corrosion resistant materials. The reactor of claim 1 wherein the continuous stirred tank reactor maintains at least 50% of the liquid level. The reactor of claim 1 further comprising a weight loss loader for metering the dicarboxylic acid powder to the feed conduit based on the weight, the feed conduit transferring the dicarboxylic acid powder at a low rate of change feed rate to The first inlet of the continuous stirred tank reactor. The reactor of claim 1 wherein the conduit comprises one or more filters for filtering the nylon salt solution prior to the storage vessel.