TWM467763U - Temperature insensitive bearing structure - Google Patents
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- TWM467763U TWM467763U TW101224487U TW101224487U TWM467763U TW M467763 U TWM467763 U TW M467763U TW 101224487 U TW101224487 U TW 101224487U TW 101224487 U TW101224487 U TW 101224487U TW M467763 U TWM467763 U TW M467763U
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Description
本創作係關於一種軸承構造,尤指一種對溫度不敏感之軸承構造。This creation is about a bearing construction, especially a temperature-insensitive bearing construction.
軸承是各型機械不可或缺的重要元件,軸承是一種支撐心軸的緩衝元件,也是一種面與面之間相互運動的介子,其可使機件之間的轉動或滑動能很順利的進行,較常見的軸承有滾珠軸承與滾柱軸承,其具有高剛性、高應力等優點,且其滾動摩擦力較滑動摩擦力小,故經常被應用於高精密度、高轉速之機械。The bearing is an indispensable component of all kinds of machinery. The bearing is a cushioning element that supports the mandrel. It is also a kind of meson that moves between the faces and faces. It can make the rotation or sliding between the parts smoothly. The more common bearings are ball bearings and roller bearings, which have the advantages of high rigidity and high stress, and their rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction, so they are often used in high-precision, high-speed machines.
然而,於高速旋轉之過程中,軸承與心軸會不斷地摩擦,使得彼此之接觸點溫度升高,在受熱不均的情況下,導致軸承內側之膨脹程度大於外側,易引起心軸鬆脫以及增加其內部之滾珠或滾柱的摩擦力,進而產生軸孔損壞或機械故障之情形,故廠商即以改善軸承與心軸間之受熱情形進行研究。However, in the process of high-speed rotation, the bearing and the mandrel will continuously rub, so that the temperature of the contact point of each other increases, and in the case of uneven heating, the expansion of the inner side of the bearing is greater than that of the outer side, which easily causes the mandrel to loosen. As well as increasing the friction of the balls or rollers inside it, resulting in shaft hole damage or mechanical failure, the manufacturer has studied to improve the heat between the bearing and the mandrel.
請參閱第一圖,係一種習用之軸承裝置裝設於一工作母機的剖面圖,該習用之軸承裝置係包括:雙列圓柱滾子軸承11’、一組合向心推力球軸承12’以及一導熱性滑脂13’,係由導熱性材料之無機粉末製成;其中,該組合向心推力球軸承12’係寬鬆地內嵌於一工作母機2’之一 機架21’,且該組合向心推力球軸承12’的一第一外環121’與該機架21’的內徑面之間填充有該導熱性滑脂13’,藉此,使組合向心推力球軸承12’之熱經由導熱性滑脂13’自該外環121’釋放至該機架21’,並於保持該組合向心推力球軸承12’之內嵌寬鬆度的狀態下,抑制其溫度上升及熱膨脹。Referring to the first figure, a cross-sectional view of a conventional bearing device mounted on a working machine includes: a double row cylindrical roller bearing 11', a combined radial thrust ball bearing 12', and a The thermal grease 11' is made of an inorganic powder of a thermal conductive material; wherein the combined radial thrust ball bearing 12' is loosely embedded in one of the working machine 2' a frame 21', and the first outer ring 121' of the combined radial thrust ball bearing 12' and the inner diameter surface of the frame 21' are filled with the thermal grease 13', thereby making the combination The heat of the radial thrust ball bearing 12' is released from the outer ring 121' to the frame 21' via the thermally conductive grease 13', and is maintained in a state of looseness embedded in the combined radial thrust ball bearing 12'. , inhibiting its temperature rise and thermal expansion.
承上述,該雙列圓柱滾子軸承11’可分別裝設於該工作母機2’之一主軸22’的前端兩側與後端兩側,而該組合向心推力球軸承12’則裝設於該主軸22’之前端兩側的該雙列圓柱滾子軸承11’之後方,以此裝設方式將該主軸22’之支撐於該機架21’的內徑面;其中,該雙列圓柱滾子軸承11’之一第二外環111’緊密地內嵌於該機架21’之內徑面,用以承受徑向負載,而該組合向心推力球軸承12’之外環121’則寬鬆地內嵌於該機架21’之內徑面,用以承受推力負載。並且,更於該外環121’與該機架21’之間填充該導熱性滑脂13’,於該工作母機2’於運作過程中,可促進該組合向心推力球軸承2之熱高效地自該外環121’朝機架21’之內徑面釋放。In the above, the double row cylindrical roller bearing 11' can be respectively installed on both sides of the front end and the rear end of the main shaft 22' of the working machine 2', and the combined radial thrust ball bearing 12' is installed. After the double row cylindrical roller bearing 11' on both sides of the front end of the main shaft 22', the main shaft 22' is supported on the inner diameter surface of the frame 21' by the mounting manner; wherein the double row A second outer ring 111' of one of the cylindrical roller bearings 11' is closely embedded in the inner diameter surface of the frame 21' for receiving a radial load, and the combined radial thrust ball bearing 12' outer ring 121 'There is loosely embedded in the inner diameter surface of the frame 21' to withstand the thrust load. Moreover, the thermal grease 11' is filled between the outer ring 121' and the frame 21', and the thermal efficiency of the combined radial thrust ball bearing 2 can be promoted during the operation of the working machine 2'. The ground is released from the outer ring 121' toward the inner diameter surface of the frame 21'.
經由上述可得知,該習用之軸承裝置1’可解決於高溫下,因熱膨脹造成外環之接觸點壓力增大問題,但軸承與主軸間仍持續產生高溫與熱,其並無法根本解決軸承因受熱不均,導致膨脹度不一之問題。It can be known from the above that the conventional bearing device 1' can solve the problem that the contact point pressure of the outer ring is increased due to thermal expansion at high temperature, but the high temperature and heat are continuously generated between the bearing and the main shaft, which cannot fundamentally solve the bearing. Due to uneven heating, the degree of expansion is not uniform.
因此,有鑑於該習用之軸承裝置仍具有諸多之缺點,故本案之創作人係極力地加以研究創作,終於研發完成本創作之一種對溫度不敏感之軸承構造,其軸承之內環具有熱膨脹係數為負值之嵌入環,可用以抵銷軸承於高速運轉下,由摩擦與高溫所造成之內環的熱膨脹量,以使得內環與外環的熱膨脹量趨於一致,避免心軸鬆脫,故可取代/補強該習用之軸承裝置之不足。Therefore, in view of the fact that the conventional bearing device still has many shortcomings, the creator of the present case vigorously researched and created, and finally developed a temperature-insensitive bearing structure of the present invention, and the inner ring of the bearing has a thermal expansion coefficient. The negative value of the embedded ring can be used to offset the thermal expansion of the inner ring caused by friction and high temperature under high-speed operation of the bearing, so that the thermal expansion of the inner ring and the outer ring tends to be consistent, and the mandrel is prevented from loosening. Therefore, it is possible to replace/reinforce the deficiencies of the conventional bearing device.
本創作之主要目的,在於提供一種對溫度不敏感之軸承構造,其軸承之內環具有熱膨脹係數為負值之嵌入環,可用以抵銷軸承於高速運轉下,由摩擦與高溫所造成之內環的熱膨脹量,以使得內環與外環的熱膨脹量趨於一致,避免心軸鬆脫。The main purpose of this creation is to provide a temperature-insensitive bearing structure in which the inner ring of the bearing has an embedded ring with a negative thermal expansion coefficient, which can be used to offset the bearing under high speed operation, caused by friction and high temperature. The amount of thermal expansion of the ring is such that the amount of thermal expansion of the inner and outer rings tends to be uniform, preventing the mandrel from loosening.
因此,為了達成本創作之主要目的,本案之創作人提出一種對溫度不敏感之軸承構造,係包括:一軸承;一外環;一內環,其兩端面係各具有一溝槽用以容置一嵌入環,且該嵌入環之熱膨脹係數為負值,可用以防止該內環於受熱後體積過度膨脹;一滑道,係置於該外環與該內環之間,由上述兩者相間而成;以及 複數個滾動元件,係設置於該滑道內,用以降低動力傳遞過程中的摩擦力和提高機械動力的傳遞效率;其中,由外而內依序組合該外環、該滑道與其內之該複數個滾動元件以及該內環以構成該軸承。Therefore, in order to achieve the main purpose of the creation, the creator of the present invention proposes a temperature-insensitive bearing structure, which comprises: a bearing; an outer ring; an inner ring, each of which has a groove for receiving An embedded ring is disposed, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the embedded ring is a negative value, which can be used to prevent the inner ring from excessively expanding after being heated; a slide is disposed between the outer ring and the inner ring, Made up of each other; and a plurality of rolling elements are disposed in the slideway for reducing frictional force during power transmission and improving transmission efficiency of mechanical power; wherein the outer ring, the slideway and the inner portion thereof are sequentially combined from the outside to the inside The plurality of rolling elements and the inner ring form the bearing.
為了能夠更清楚地描述本創作所提出之一種對溫度不敏感之軸承構造,以下將配合圖式,詳盡說明本創作之較佳實施例。In order to more clearly describe a temperature-insensitive bearing construction proposed by the present invention, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
請同時參閱第二圖,係本創作之一種對溫度不敏感之軸承構造的示意圖。如第二圖所示,本創作之對溫度不敏感之軸承構造係包括:一軸承1、一外環11、一內環12、一滑道13以及複數個滾動元件14;其中,該內環12之兩端面係各具有一溝槽120用以容置一嵌入環121,且該嵌入環121之熱膨脹係數為負值,可用以防止該內環12於受熱後體積過度膨脹;該滑道13則置於該外環11與該內環12之間,由上述兩者相間而成;而該複數個滾動元件14係設置於該滑道13內,用以降低動力傳遞過程中的摩擦力和提高機械動力的傳遞效率;並且,由外而內依序組合該外環11、該滑道13與其內之該複數個滾動元件14以及該內環12可構成該軸承1。Please also refer to the second figure, which is a schematic diagram of a temperature-insensitive bearing construction. As shown in the second figure, the temperature-insensitive bearing structure of the present invention includes: a bearing 1, an outer ring 11, an inner ring 12, a slide 13 and a plurality of rolling elements 14; wherein the inner ring Each of the two ends of the 12 has a groove 120 for receiving an embedded ring 121, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the embedded ring 121 is a negative value, which can be used to prevent the inner ring 12 from excessively expanding after being heated; the slide 13 And disposed between the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12, and the two are formed by the two; and the plurality of rolling elements 14 are disposed in the slide 13 to reduce friction during power transmission and The transfer efficiency of the mechanical power is increased; and the outer ring 11, the slide 13 and the plurality of rolling elements 14 therein and the inner ring 12 may be combined to form the bearing 1.
繼續地,該嵌入環121由一碳纖維與一環氧樹脂複合製成,其中,該環形樹脂之玻璃轉移溫度為大於或等於120 ℃。該嵌入環121之製程為將碳纖維之紗束自捲軸拉出後,使該碳纖維浸泡於盛裝環氧樹脂之容器中;接著,將該碳纖維以環向連續配置之方式纏繞於用以製作該嵌入環121之模具,並於纏繞的過程中施予適當張力以及適時地刮除多餘的該環氧樹脂,於纏繞至預設的長度與厚度之後,即將上述之產物置於烘箱中烘烤至環氧樹脂之固化溫度(大於或等於120℃);待固化成型後,再經脫模及裁切,即製得該嵌入環121。最後,將該嵌入環121分別置於該內環12之兩端面的該溝槽120內,以緊配的方式結合該嵌入環121與該內環12,完成該內環12之製作。Continuing, the embedded ring 121 is made of a carbon fiber and an epoxy resin, wherein the annular resin has a glass transition temperature of 120 or more. °C. The process of inserting the ring 121 is: after the yarn bundle of the carbon fiber is pulled out from the reel, the carbon fiber is immersed in a container for holding the epoxy resin; then, the carbon fiber is wound in a circumferentially continuous manner to make the embedding. The mold of the ring 121 is applied with appropriate tension during the winding process and the excess epoxy resin is scraped off in a timely manner. After winding to a predetermined length and thickness, the product is baked in an oven to the ring. The curing temperature of the oxyresin (greater than or equal to 120 ° C); after the molding is cured, the insert ring 121 is obtained by demolding and cutting. Finally, the insert ring 121 is respectively disposed in the groove 120 of the two end faces of the inner ring 12, and the insert ring 121 and the inner ring 12 are coupled in a tightly fitting manner to complete the manufacture of the inner ring 12.
承上述,較佳地,該碳纖維可採用含碳量高於99%之石墨纖維,如Nippon Graphite Fiber ℃orp.之超高模數石墨纖維YS-95A,其模數高達920GPa,線膨脹係數-1.5e-6/K,於溫度升高時可對該軸承1產生極大的圍束力,限制其徑向膨脹,故利用石墨纖維與該環氧樹脂進行複合所形成之石墨纖維/環氧複合材料,其模數高達720GPa,又該環氧樹脂之玻璃轉移溫度係大於或等於120℃,使得該軸承1於溫度升高後仍具有高模數,而不影響該軸承1之剛性。In view of the above, preferably, the carbon fiber may be a graphite fiber having a carbon content of more than 99%, such as Nippon Graphite Fiber ° Corp., an ultra-high modulus graphite fiber YS-95A having a modulus of up to 920 GPa and a coefficient of linear expansion - 1.5e-6/K, when the temperature rises, it can generate a great surrounding force to the bearing 1 and limit its radial expansion. Therefore, the graphite fiber/epoxy composite formed by the composite of graphite fiber and the epoxy resin is used. The material has a modulus of up to 720 GPa, and the glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin is greater than or equal to 120 ° C, so that the bearing 1 still has a high modulus after the temperature rise, without affecting the rigidity of the bearing 1.
請參閱第三圖,係本創作之軸承裝設於一機械設備的剖面圖,當該軸承1被裝設於一機械設備2之一心軸X後,於運作過程中,該軸承1會因持續地高速運轉,使其因摩擦而溫度升高,並引起該外環11與該內環12產生熱膨脹, 於此同時,高溫生成的熱則分別往該心軸X與該外環11之方向傳遞,且由於該外環11之散熱速度較快,故欲靠近該心軸X溫度愈高,使得該內環12之溫度高於該外環11,易導致該內環12之熱膨脹大於該外環11的現象;然而,本創作係於該內環12之兩端面各嵌入有該嵌入環121,且特別地,該嵌入環121係為前述之石墨纖維/環氧複合材料所製成,石墨纖維之長度會隨溫度上升而漸縮短,且縮短量與溫度遞增量成正比(縮短量=熱膨脹係數×溫度變化量)。Please refer to the third figure, which is a sectional view of the bearing of the present invention installed on a mechanical device. When the bearing 1 is mounted on a mandrel X of a mechanical device 2, the bearing 1 will continue during operation. The ground is operated at a high speed, causing the temperature to rise due to friction, and causing thermal expansion of the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12, At the same time, the heat generated by the high temperature is transmitted to the direction of the mandrel X and the outer ring 11, respectively, and since the heat dissipation speed of the outer ring 11 is faster, the temperature is higher near the mandrel X, so that the inner The temperature of the ring 12 is higher than that of the outer ring 11, which tends to cause the thermal expansion of the inner ring 12 to be larger than that of the outer ring 11; however, the present invention is embedded in the inner ring 12 at each end surface of the inner ring 12, and The embedded ring 121 is made of the above-mentioned graphite fiber/epoxy composite material, and the length of the graphite fiber is gradually shortened as the temperature rises, and the shortening amount is proportional to the temperature increasing amount (shortening amount = thermal expansion coefficient × temperature) The amount of change).
因此,請參閱下列表一與表二,係分別為本創作之內環與嵌入環的分析表圖,並同時參閱第四A圖與第四B圖,分別係為本創作之內環的剖面放大圖以及經高溫測試的分析表圖,相較於習用之軸承,具有該嵌入環121之該軸承1於溫度升高後,其A~C間的徑向位移減少12%,B處的徑向位移減少44%,即愈靠近該心軸X的溫度愈高,近該心軸X端(B處)之該嵌入環121的縮短量就愈大,而另一端之該嵌入環121因溫度較低,縮短量則較小,於該內環12兩端之嵌入環121的共同作用下,限制了該內環12之熱膨脹,進而使得該外環11與該內環12的熱膨脹量趨於一致,藉此防止該心軸X因該軸承1熱膨脹而鬆脫,以及避免不均勻地熱膨脹造成該軸承1之接觸壓力升高,影響其性能及使用期限,此外,還可降低該內環12與該心軸X之間干 涉配合之預應力,進而降低該軸承1的預壓。Therefore, please refer to Table 1 and Table 2 below, which are the analysis tables of the inner ring and the embedded ring respectively, and refer to the fourth A picture and the fourth B picture respectively, which are the sections of the inner ring of the creation. The enlarged view and the analysis chart of the high temperature test, compared with the conventional bearing, the radial displacement of the bearing 1 with the embedded ring 121 after the temperature rise is reduced by 12% between A and C, and the diameter at B The displacement is reduced by 44%, that is, the higher the temperature closer to the mandrel X, the greater the amount of shortening of the embedded ring 121 near the X-end (at B), and the temperature of the embedded ring 121 at the other end due to temperature. Lower, the amount of shortening is smaller, and the thermal expansion of the inner ring 12 is restricted by the interaction of the embedded ring 121 at both ends of the inner ring 12, so that the thermal expansion of the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12 tends to Consistently, thereby preventing the mandrel X from loosening due to thermal expansion of the bearing 1, and avoiding uneven thermal expansion, causing an increase in contact pressure of the bearing 1, affecting performance and service life, and further reducing the inner ring 12 Dry with the mandrel X The prestressing involved in the cooperation, thereby reducing the preload of the bearing 1.
於此,需補充說明的是,依據機械設備2的需求不同,該複數個滾動元件14可為滾珠或滾柱,以使各設備之軸承1可運轉順暢。Here, it should be additionally noted that, depending on the requirements of the mechanical device 2, the plurality of rolling elements 14 may be balls or rollers so that the bearing 1 of each device can operate smoothly.
如此,上述係已藉由剖面圖完整地揭露並說明了本創 作之對溫度不敏感之軸承構造的較佳實施例,並且,經由上述,吾人可以得知本創作最主要的優點在於:Thus, the above-mentioned system has completely revealed and illustrated the present invention by means of a sectional view. A preferred embodiment of the temperature-insensitive bearing construction, and, by the above, we can see that the main advantages of this creation are:
1.本創作係於軸承之內環的兩端面各嵌入一嵌入環,且該嵌入環係由石墨纖維/環氧複合材料所製成,其模數可高達720GPa,又該環氧樹脂之玻璃轉移溫度係大於或等於120℃,使得該軸承於溫度升高後仍具有高模數,而不影響該軸承之剛性。1. This creation is embedded in an inner ring on both ends of the inner ring of the bearing, and the embedded ring is made of graphite fiber/epoxy composite material, and the modulus can be up to 720GPa, and the glass of the epoxy resin The transfer temperature is greater than or equal to 120 ° C, so that the bearing still has a high modulus after the temperature rises without affecting the rigidity of the bearing.
2.承上述第1點,且於軸承之溫度升高時,可藉由該嵌入環限制該內環之熱膨脹,進而使得外環與內環的熱膨脹量趨於一致,藉此防止心軸因軸承熱膨脹而鬆脫以及避免不均勻地熱膨脹,造成軸承接觸壓力升高,影響其性能及使用期限。2. According to the first point mentioned above, when the temperature of the bearing increases, the thermal expansion of the inner ring can be restricted by the embedded ring, so that the thermal expansion of the outer ring and the inner ring tend to be uniform, thereby preventing the mandrel from being The bearing thermally expands and loosens and avoids uneven thermal expansion, causing the bearing contact pressure to rise, affecting its performance and service life.
3.承上述第2點,此外,更可降低該內環12與該心軸之間干涉配合之預應力,進而將低該軸承的預壓,使得該軸承易於維持最佳間隙。3. According to the above second point, in addition, the pre-stress of the interference fit between the inner ring 12 and the mandrel can be further reduced, thereby lowering the preload of the bearing, so that the bearing is easy to maintain an optimum gap.
4.本創作之對溫度不敏感之軸承構造其結構簡單,故製造容易,可降低成本。4. The temperature-insensitive bearing structure of the present invention has a simple structure, so that it is easy to manufacture and can reduce costs.
經由上述,本創作之對溫度不敏感之軸承構造係已同時被完整說明;然而,必須加以強調的是,上述之詳細說明係針對本創作可行實施例之具體說明,惟該實施例並非用以限制本創作之專利範圍,凡未脫離本創作技藝精神所為之等效實施或變更,均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。Through the above, the temperature-insensitive bearing construction of the present invention has been fully described at the same time; however, it must be emphasized that the above detailed description is specific to the presently feasible embodiment, but the embodiment is not intended to be used. Limitation of the scope of the patents of this creation, and equivalent implementations or changes without departing from the spirit of the invention, shall be included in the scope of the patent in this case.
1‧‧‧軸承1‧‧‧ bearing
11‧‧‧外環11‧‧‧Outer Ring
12‧‧‧內環12‧‧‧ Inner Ring
120‧‧‧溝槽120‧‧‧ trench
121‧‧‧嵌入環121‧‧‧ embedded ring
13‧‧‧滑道13‧‧‧Slide
14‧‧‧複數個滾動元件14‧‧‧Multiple rolling elements
2‧‧‧機械設備2‧‧‧Mechanical equipment
X‧‧‧心軸X‧‧‧ mandrel
A~C‧‧‧位置點A~C‧‧‧Location
1’‧‧‧習用之軸承裝置1'‧‧‧Used bearing unit
11’‧‧‧雙列圓柱滾子軸承11'‧‧‧Double-row cylindrical roller bearings
12’‧‧‧組合向心推力球軸承12'‧‧‧Combined radial thrust ball bearings
13’‧‧‧導熱性滑脂13'‧‧‧ Thermal Grease
2’‧‧‧工作母機2’‧‧‧Working machine
21’‧‧‧機架21’‧‧‧Rack
121’‧‧‧第一外環121’‧‧‧First Outer Ring
22’‧‧‧主軸22’‧‧‧ Spindle
111’‧‧‧第二外環111’‧‧‧ Second outer ring
第一圖係一種習用之軸承裝置裝設於一工作母機的剖面圖;第二圖係本創作之一種對溫度不敏感之軸承構造的示意圖;第三圖係本創作之軸承裝設於一機械設備的剖面圖;第四A圖係本創作之內環的剖面放大圖;以及第四B圖係本創作之內環經高溫測試的分析表圖。The first figure is a cross-sectional view of a conventional bearing device mounted on a working machine; the second figure is a schematic view of a temperature-insensitive bearing structure of the present invention; the third figure is a bearing of the present invention installed in a machine The cross-sectional view of the device; the fourth A is an enlarged view of the inner ring of the present creation; and the fourth B is an analytical chart of the inner ring of the present invention subjected to high temperature testing.
1‧‧‧軸承1‧‧‧ bearing
11‧‧‧外環11‧‧‧Outer Ring
12‧‧‧內環12‧‧‧ Inner Ring
120‧‧‧溝槽120‧‧‧ trench
121‧‧‧嵌入環121‧‧‧ embedded ring
13‧‧‧滑道13‧‧‧Slide
14‧‧‧複數個滾動元件14‧‧‧Multiple rolling elements
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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TW101224487U TWM467763U (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Temperature insensitive bearing structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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TW101224487U TWM467763U (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Temperature insensitive bearing structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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TWM467763U true TWM467763U (en) | 2013-12-11 |
Family
ID=50155418
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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TW101224487U TWM467763U (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Temperature insensitive bearing structure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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TW (1) | TWM467763U (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113738764A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Low-noise retainer with thermal-force double negative superstructure |
-
2012
- 2012-12-18 TW TW101224487U patent/TWM467763U/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113738764A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Low-noise retainer with thermal-force double negative superstructure |
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