M422228 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 一本創作有關於發光二極體驅動器，特別是有關於 保護電路之發光二極體恆流驅動器。 〃有 【先前技術】 叙光一極體所具有的高發光效率，已經使發光二極释 在許多照明的應用上逐漸取代傳統的燈泡。發光二體 常需要使用恆電流源作為驅動器。使用恆電流源區動^通 二極體的好處是可以使發光二極體發光的亮度穩定。 ’由於恆電流源使發光二極體發光穩定，也可以使於 _ 極肢的辱命因此而延長。 “ 然而，發光二極體的驅動器可能不只驅動一個發光_ 極體，發光二極體的驅動器經常同時驅動多個發光二極二 。同時驅動多個發光二極體的驅動器可能需要使用發光& 極體專用的積體電路、恆電流輸出的穩定性需要被考廣。、 者電路可能較為複雜。另外，為了保護驅動器本身輪 路與短路的保護，也是此技術領域的課題。在提高驅動: ^身的穩定性、避免驅動器受發光二極體的狀態影響驅^ =的正$工作以及簡化驅動器的複雜度等方面， 二 姐的驅動器可能還有進步的空間，以滿足在各層面的應用 上’驅動發光二極體的需求。 【新型内容】 、本創作實施例提·供一種具有保護電路之發光二極體 陵流驅動器，可使流過發光二極體的電流保持恆定，達 3/2] ，值電流的目的。且所述發光二極體 =開路保護與輪出短路保護，以確保所述j器具有輪 机驅動器的安全工作。 X先二極體恆 驅動°σ創：提供—種具有保護電路之發先、4 轉益’其包括：整流器、第一開關、電2、極體恆流 =制單域保護電路。整流器之第—端=、回授電路 ί直流電源以及發光二極體單元之第性連接 弟一端電#洁技π U .. 八找疋一極體單兀之第一端。★“一文找 ::端電性連接至整流器之第二端。 關之 接至整流器之第二端帛端電性 :二=單元之第二端:二連接至 第二端。控制單元僧測回授電ί電性連接 截止匕據此產生驅動信號以控制第1 Μ之弟一端 回授電路之第—端的電壓大於門^之導通與 電性連接電感之=二個=間:保護電路之;―： 預設範圍時，伴嗜+而田电感之第—端之電壓值非在 综上所V電路致使控制單元截止第；： 出一 处本創作實施例所提供的罝右/ *哥。 先一極體恆流驅動器可以 /、二保護電路之發 變控制積體電路與電曰- “用的脈波寬度調 雜昂貴的專用積體電ς，線二=驅動器不需使用複 述怪流.^¾^早且成本軚低。所 輸出’且具有開路保護::路的二式谓 恆流驅動器適合任音輸二，破的能力。另外，所述 所述怪流驅動器也適：任作’輸入電墨範圍廣。 為使能更進—牛心、輪出功率的操作。 閱以下有關本本創作之特徵及技術内容，請參 ,本_之雜朗_D，但是此等說明與所 4/21 任何二::用來說明本創作 【實施方式】 〔具:之發光二卿流驅動器的實施例〕 發光二極細作實施例之具有保護電路之 發光二㈣怪之電路方塊圖。具有保護電路之 二極_^=^1(以下簡稱恒流驅_包1 單元10 = 7 Q1、電感L1、回授電路ΗΜ、控制 為金氧半與電容Ο。。電晶心 此限定。日體(薦岡，但本創作並不因 動器1用以提供夢朵可以疋其他類型的開關。恆流驅 控制單元10包二:極體單元LED穩定的電流源。 14與電^測比n 電路13、111定截止«器 R9。保護電踗ιηο。 回授電路101包括電阻心、M422228 V. New description: [New technical field] A creation of a light-emitting diode driver, especially a light-emitting diode constant current driver with protection circuit. 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 Luminous two bodies often require the use of a constant current source as a driver. The use of a constant current source region to activate the diode is advantageous in that the luminance of the light-emitting diode can be stabilized. Since the constant current source stabilizes the light emission of the light-emitting diode, the insult of the _ pole limb can be prolonged. “However, a driver of a light-emitting diode may not only drive one light-emitting body, but a driver of a light-emitting diode often drives multiple light-emitting diodes at the same time. Drivers driving multiple light-emitting diodes at the same time may need to use light & The stability of the integrated circuit and the constant current output of the polar body need to be widely examined. The circuit may be complicated. In addition, it is also a problem in this technical field to protect the drive's own wheel and short circuit. The stability of the body, avoiding the influence of the state of the LED by the state of the LED, and the complexity of the driver, etc., the driver of the second sister may have room for improvement to meet the application at all levels. The demand for 'driving the light-emitting diodes'. [New content], the present embodiment provides a light-emitting diode flash drive with a protection circuit to keep the current flowing through the light-emitting diode constant, up to 3 /2], the purpose of the value current, and the light-emitting diode = open circuit protection and wheel-out short-circuit protection to ensure that the j device has a turbine driver Safe work. X first diode constant drive ° σ 创: provide - a kind of protection circuit first, 4 conversion benefits - it includes: rectifier, first switch, electricity 2, polar body constant current = system single domain protection circuit The first end of the rectifier, the feedback circuit ί DC power supply and the first connection of the LED unit are connected to the second end of the electricity #洁洁π U .. Eight find the first end of the pole single body. ★ "One article Look for:: The terminal is electrically connected to the second end of the rectifier. The second end of the unit is connected to the second end of the rectifier: two = the second end of the unit: two connected to the second end. The control unit detects the feedback power, the electrical connection is cut off, and the driving signal is generated to control the voltage of the first end of the first-side feedback circuit of the first one is greater than the conduction of the gate and the electrical connection inductance = two = : Protection circuit; ―: In the preset range, the voltage value at the first end of the inductor is not in the above-mentioned V circuit, so that the control unit is turned off; Right / * brother. The first-pole constant current driver can control the integrated circuit and the electric enthalpy of the second protection circuit - "the pulse width of the pulse width is adjusted to the expensive dedicated integrated circuit, and the line 2 = the driver does not need to use the repetitive strange flow. .^3⁄4^ early and low cost. The output 'has open circuit protection: the two-way constant current driver of the road is suitable for the ability to break the sound and break. In addition, the strange flow driver is also suitable: Make a wide range of input inks. In order to enable more advancement - the operation of the heart and the power of the wheel. Read the following characteristics and technical contents of the creation of this book, please refer to this _ _ _ _ D, but these instructions and 4/21 Any two:: used to explain the creation [Embodiment] [Embodiment of the illuminating Erqing flow driver] The illuminating two-pole embodiment of the circuit block diagram of the illuminating circuit with the protection circuit. The diode with protection circuit _^=^1 (hereinafter referred to as constant current drive _ packet 1 unit 10 = 7 Q1, inductor L1, feedback circuit ΗΜ, control is gold oxide half and capacitor Ο.. Japanese body (refers to Gang, but this creation does not use the actuator 1 to provide dreams. Switch: Constant current drive control unit 10 package 2: Polar body unit LED stable current source. 14 and electric measurement ratio n circuit 13, 111 fixed cutoff «device R9. Protection switch ηιηο. The feedback circuit 101 includes a resistor core ,
。發光二】路保護器Π與短路保護器U 體陣列，其包括發光-朽1以是如圖1所示的發光二極 、LED1」、LED2 1 體 LED]J、LEDl-2、LEm_3 本創作並不因此限定。E132—2、LED2_3、LED2—4，但 二極體D1之陰極用' :. Luminous two] road protector Π and short circuit protector U body array, including illuminating - decay 1 is as shown in Figure 1 of the light emitting diode, LED1", LED2 1 body LED] J, LEDl-2, LEm_3 Not limited by this. E132-2, LED2_3, LED2-4, but the cathode of diode D1 uses ':
以及發光二極體單元L以毛性連接至直流電源Vin_DC 端（汲極）電性連接至二極一端。電晶體Q1之第一 端電性連接至二極體❿之陽極。電感L1之第-電性連接至發光二極之陽極。電感L1之第二端用以 _早凡LED之第二端。回授電路 5/21 101電性連接電晶體01 ~ 之第〜端你从A Q之第二端（源極），甘p币And the LED unit L is connected to the DC power source Vin_DC terminal (drain) to be electrically connected to the diode end. The first end of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode. The first and second ends of the inductor L1 are electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting diode. The second end of the inductor L1 is used to _ the second end of the LED. Feedback circuit 5/21 101 Electrical connection transistor 01 ~ The end of the end from the second end of A Q (source), Gan p coin
r h性連接至電晶體… )亦即電阻RS 弟一端電性連接 卑—铋（源極）。電阻 制單元電性連接於電 1而Isense即電流偵剛比較哭' sense <間，電流偵 偵剩比較m5的非反:反向輪人端。電流 電路收電性連接 接收門限電麗Vs。保護 ^ 11與短路保護器12之 弟/而，亦即開路保 之第二端控制單幻0電性=性連接至電感L] 體Q1的控制端（門;j：W μ 机电源Vin_DC、電晶 釗鸲（閘極）、開路保護器11盥短路保罐抑， 弟二端、與保護電路1〇2的電阻队、電容^盗2 二連接於直流電源Vin—Dc與接地端_之間 Ο的兩端分別電性連接發光二域單元咖的兩端, ，請同時參照圖1與圖2，圖2為本創作實施例之具 保護電路之發光二極體恆流驅動器之波形圖。控制單元 10可以包括現有的電流模式（current mode)脈波寬夜士周 變（Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)控制積體電路 (Integrated circuit，1C)，藉此以調變脈衝寬度的方式扒 制發光二極體單元LED的發光。控制單元1〇具有 端FB、驅動端Output、與電流偵測端Isense。 控制單元10的驅動邏輯電路13產生驅動信銳 V一drive，並透過驅動端Output控制電晶體Q卜驅動^ 號V—drive是脈波寬度調變信號，脈波寬度調變信魏是 一種週期性的信號。在每一個週期中，脈波寬度調變传 號在·高電位(HI)的延續時間可以被調整。透過調變城波 在高電位(HI)所持續的時間以控制電晶體Q1的導通時 6/21 M422228 間，藉此發光二極體單元led流過的平均電流也隨之改 變。例如：當每一個週期的脈波在高電位(ΉΙ)所持續的 時間較長，電晶體Q】的導通時間隨之延長，藉此^光 二極體單元led流過的平均電流較大。換句話t兒，/^每 個週期的脈波在高電位（HI)所持續的時間較長，發^ 一 極體單元led所發出的光竞度較亮。依據上述，本領域 具有通常知識者應可推知以脈波寬度調變的方式使驅 動信號V一drive控制電晶體Q1的導通狀態的實施方式 ，不再贅述。 復參照同時參照圖〗與圖2,控制單元1〇的回授端 FB接收來自於短路保護器12的短路信號v—Fb。固定 截止振盪器14產生截止時脈V_FIX〜〇FF，截止時脈 V_FIX—OFF用以決定電晶體Q1被截止的預設時間 T_OFF彳工單元10的電流偵測端Isense偵測電阻rs 之第一端的電壓V〜Rs(透過電阻R9)，並據此產生驅動 #號V一drive以控制電晶體Qi的導通與截止。當電阻 Rs之第一端的電壓v—Rs大於門限電壓％時，控制單 元10截止電晶體Q1 —個預設時間T_〇FF。 更詳細地說，控制單元10的電流偵測比較器15比 較電阻Rs之第—端的電壓v_Rs(透過電阻R9)與門限電 壓Vs,’並據此產生比較信號Vs〗輸出至驅動邏輯電路 13。當電阻RS之第一端的電壓V—Rs高於門限電壓％ 時’驅動邏輯電路13依據比較信號v s 2截止電晶^ q ι 一個預設時間T__〇j?p。 〇須奏注意的是，電容C1用以濾除流過發光二極體 單70 LED電流的電流漣波(ripple)，若流經發光二極體 7/21 M422228 早元LED電流的電流連波很低或電流連波不足以影響 發光二極體單元LED的發光，則電容C1可以被移除。 回授電路101的電阻R9可用以調整電流偵測比較 器15的偏移電流(offset current)，且通過電阻R9的電流 通常小至可以忽略不計，使得電流偵測比較器15的反 向輸入端的電壓V_is與電阻Rs之第一端的電壓V_Rs 幾乎相同。所以，電流偵測比較器15比較電阻Rs之第 一端的電壓V_Rs與門限電壓Vs的方式大致上不受電阻 R9的存在與否而影響。再者，經過適當的設計後，電阻 R9可以被移除或併入電流偵測比較器15，使得電阻Rs 直接電性連接至電流偵測比較器15的反向輸入端。本 領域具有通常知識者應可推知電流偵測比較器獲得電 阻Rs之第一端的電壓V—Rs以用來與門限電壓Vs比較 的實施方式，不再贅述。 另外，流過發光二極體單元LED的電流可以由電阻 Rs的電阻值而改變。電阻Rs可以設計為可變電阻，據 此，電阻Rs之第一端的電壓V__Rs可依據需要而便於調 整，但本創作並不因此限定。 復參照圖1，當電感L1之第二端之電壓值Vb不在 預設範圍時，保護電路102致使控制單元10截止電晶 體Q1。此預設範圍可以介於第一預設值與第二預設值 之間。在本實施例中，當電感L1之第二端之電壓值Vb 小於第一預設值時，保護電路102的開路保護器11傳 送開路信號至控制單元10，以使控制單元10截止電晶 體Q1。當電感11之第二端之電壓值Vb大於$二預設 值時，保護電路102的短路保護器12傳送短路信號至 8/21 M422228 控制單元l〇，以伏控制單元1〇截止電晶體Q1。 復同時參照圖1與圖2，恆流驅動器1提供恆定電流至 發光二極體單元L£D的方式說明如下。當電晶體導通 π(Τ-ON) ’ ％感L丨開始充電，發光二極體單元LED的電 丨Lv工過毛感乙1、電晶體Q1與電阻Rs而形成迴路，且電 感L1的充電電流流過電阻Rs，而形成電壓降。當電阻 Rs電麼到達控制單元1〇的冑流偵㈣比較器的參考電 壓Vs犄，控制單元1〇將電晶體關閉，並持續截止電 晶體Q1-個預設時間匕⑽後，再重新導通電晶體qi 田私日日奴Ql截止日可，電感Ll開始經由二極體⑴放電 J毛光一極體單凡Led。由於電晶體^的戴止時間 T—OFF是固定的（可由 a 由固疋戴止振盪器〗4決定），發光二 極體單元LED的電壓 马Vz，二極體D1的順向電壓為Vd ’流經電感L1的充電硌姑心 , 峰值電流為ILH，放電谷底電流 為I_LL，所以可得到式（1). - 、UFFsH(Vz+Vd)/Ll，（1)。 由於 TJ3FF、V2、t 、 d與電感LI的電感值為固定值 ’所以充電峰值雷、 "IL為I_LH減去放電谷底電流 (I_LLI—LH-IJLL)為定佶 、 。且電感L1的充電峰值電流 I—LH是經由電阻汉所 斤匕制，所以充電峰值電流 I—LH=Vs/Rs。當參考 + 阿 為固定值時，充電峰值電 流I_LH亦為固定值。由认+ - 由於充電峰值電流IJLH為固定值 9/21 力π上電晶體Q1的截止時間T_OFF固定，所以電感L1的 放電斜率為固定，，那流經發光二極體單元LED的電流 L可以式（2)表示： LLED=I_ll+(I—LH - I—LL )/2，（2)。 由式（2)可知電流1_1^0亦為固定值。依據上述可知 ’板流驅動器1提供發光二極體單元LED恆定的電流 。 請同時參照圖1與圖3，圖3為本創作實施例之具有 保合雈φ 電路之發光二極體恆流驅動器之細部電路圖。相較 rgj 、^1 圖3多了啟動電路16、電阻R3與電容C4。在 圖3 dy 〒’驅動邏輯電路131可以包括圖1的驅動邏輯電 路13與電流偵測比較器15，且驅動邏輯電路131可以 jjj 玉 見有的電流模式（current mode)脈波寬度調變（PWM) $制積體電路(1C)實施。常用的脈波寬度調變控制積體 路皆具有用於電流偵測的電壓比較器與開關頻率控 制黾路。驅動邏輯電路j 31具有驅動端〇utput、回授端 FB 、心十 、參考電壓端Vref、電流偵測端Isense與端點VCC 、L、FIX—OFF、GND，。 啟動電路16分別電性連接直流電源 —_______ D VIII—兴: =保遂益I2。啟動電路1δ也電性連接驅動邏輯電路r 繁&點VCO開路保護電路u電性連接於電感L1 弟端與驅動邏輯電路131的電流⑽端Isense之度 短路保護電路12電性連接於+ , 埂接於電感L1之第二端與驅動 輯電路〗31的回授她- 扠而FB之間。固定截止震盪器14 10/21 ===輯電路131的參考電壓端 FIX—OFF與接地端gNd。 而點 固定截止振盪器14包括電晶體Q2、 與電容〜開路保護器』包括電晶體Q3、電阻 R5。電性連接於端點nx_〇FF與電流 間作域波之用。短路保護器 與電容c2。另外，在圖3中的啟動 毛路⑺包^一極體ZD2、電阻R8與電容c5。啟動帝 路16用以提供驅動邏輯電路131工作時 ^ 的工作電壓。 〜疋充足 動二Rt=連接於電晶體Φ的控制端(間極)與驅 動^ Output之間’作為限流之用。電阻 ”電路叫換句話說，電阻R3可以= 離=:二見:千然V通常在電路設計的過程中，以 =兀件貝現“阻幻可便於除錯與簡化電路設計的 驅動避輯電路131的驢叙# a v , . ^ ^ 的馬£動玄而0utPut輸出驅動作垆 V——e，電流偵測端Isense用以伯測電阻Rs之=， 的電昼V—Rs(亦即侧電壓v」s)。端點而 :啟動電路16的工作電壓。回授端? 二自 :刪12的短路信號。驅動邏輯電路13 =; 電壓端爾蝴至開路保護器= Vre.f所提供的電壓是電流 > 考书壓端 以由參考電壓端Vref提供的電壓經她：： M422228 具有通常知識者應可推知參考電愿 述。端點HX—0FF接收固定截止^見方式，不再贅 止時脈V—HX_0FF。端點 ：】所產生的截 GND。 乂毛性連接至接地端 間路保護器11的電晶體Q3為 。電晶體Q3之第-端(射極）電性^面電晶體⑻T) 參考電Μ端Vref。電阻R4電性連，制早兀⑺之 端與電晶體Q3之控制端(基極)。電阻&二弋之第二 晶體Q3之第二端（集極）盥栌 兒生連接於電r h is connected to the transistor...) that is, one end of the resistor RS is electrically connected to the 卑-铋 (source). The resistance unit is electrically connected to the electric 1 and Isense is the current detection just crying 'sense < between the current detection and the remaining m5 is opposite: the reverse wheel. The current circuit receives the power connection and receives the threshold voltage Vs. Protection ^ 11 and the short circuit protector 12 / /, that is, the second end of the open circuit control control single magic 0 electrical = sexual connection to the inductor L] body Q1 control end (door; j: W μ machine power Vin_DC, The electric crystal 钊鸲 (gate), the open circuit protector 11 盥 short-circuit protection, the second end of the brother, the resistance circuit of the protection circuit 1 〇 2, the capacitor thief 2 two connected to the DC power supply Vin-Dc and the ground _ The two ends of the interlayer are respectively electrically connected to the two ends of the light-emitting two-domain unit coffee. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the same time. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of the light-emitting diode constant current driver with the protection circuit according to the embodiment. The control unit 10 may include an existing current mode Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control integrated circuit (1C), thereby modulating the pulse width by way of modulation pulse width. The LED of the LED unit has a terminal FB, a driving terminal Output, and a current detecting terminal Isense. The driving logic circuit 13 of the control unit 10 generates a driving signal sharp V-drive, and is controlled by the driving terminal Output. The transistor Q drive driver V-drive is the pulse width adjustment The signal, pulse width modulation signal Wei is a periodic signal. In each cycle, the pulse width modulation mark can be adjusted at the duration of the high potential (HI). The duration of the potential (HI) is controlled between 6/21 M422228 when the transistor Q1 is turned on, whereby the average current flowing through the LED of the LED unit is also changed. For example, when the pulse wave of each period is The high potential (ΉΙ) lasts for a long time, and the conduction time of the transistor Q] is prolonged, so that the average current flowing through the LED diode unit is larger. In other words, /^ each cycle The pulse wave is longer in the high potential (HI), and the light emitted by the LED unit is brighter. According to the above, those skilled in the art should be able to infer the pulse width modulation. The manner of driving the signal V-drive to control the conduction state of the transistor Q1 will not be described again. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 2, the feedback terminal FB of the control unit 1 receiving the short-circuit protector 12 Short circuit signal v_Fb. Fixed cutoff oscillator 14 generates cutoff The clock V_FIX~〇FF, the cut-off clock V_FIX-OFF is used to determine the preset time T_OFF of the transistor Q1 is cut off. The voltage V~Rs of the first end of the current detecting end Isense detecting resistor rs of the processing unit 10 ( Through the resistor R9), and according to the drive ##V-drive to control the conduction and turn-off of the transistor Qi. When the voltage v_Rs of the first end of the resistor Rs is greater than the threshold voltage%, the control unit 10 turns off the transistor Q1 - a preset time T_〇FF. In more detail, the current detecting comparator 15 of the control unit 10 compares the voltage v_Rs (transmitting resistor R9) at the first end of the resistor Rs with the threshold voltage Vs, and outputs a comparison signal Vs to the driving logic circuit 13. When the voltage V_Rs of the first terminal of the resistor RS is higher than the threshold voltage %, the drive logic circuit 13 cuts off the gate crystal according to the comparison signal v s 2 for a predetermined time T__〇j?p. It is important to note that the capacitor C1 is used to filter out the current ripple flowing through the LED 70 current of the LED, if it flows through the LED 6/21 M422228, the current current of the LED current is connected. A very low or current continuous wave is insufficient to affect the illumination of the LED unit LED, and the capacitor C1 can be removed. The resistor R9 of the feedback circuit 101 can be used to adjust the offset current of the current detecting comparator 15, and the current through the resistor R9 is usually as small as negligible, so that the inverting input of the current detecting comparator 15 The voltage V_is is almost the same as the voltage V_Rs at the first end of the resistor Rs. Therefore, the manner in which the current detecting comparator 15 compares the voltage V_Rs at the first end of the resistor Rs with the threshold voltage Vs is substantially unaffected by the presence or absence of the resistor R9. Moreover, after proper design, the resistor R9 can be removed or incorporated into the current detecting comparator 15, so that the resistor Rs is directly electrically connected to the inverting input of the current detecting comparator 15. Those skilled in the art should be able to infer that the current detecting comparator obtains the voltage V_Rs of the first terminal of the resistor Rs for comparison with the threshold voltage Vs, and will not be described again. In addition, the current flowing through the LED unit LED can be changed by the resistance value of the resistor Rs. The resistor Rs can be designed as a variable resistor, whereby the voltage V__Rs at the first end of the resistor Rs can be easily adjusted as needed, but the present creation is not limited thereto. Referring to Fig. 1, when the voltage value Vb of the second end of the inductor L1 is out of the preset range, the protection circuit 102 causes the control unit 10 to turn off the electric crystal Q1. The preset range may be between the first preset value and the second preset value. In this embodiment, when the voltage value Vb of the second end of the inductor L1 is less than the first preset value, the open circuit protector 11 of the protection circuit 102 transmits an open circuit signal to the control unit 10 to cause the control unit 10 to turn off the transistor Q1. . When the voltage value Vb of the second end of the inductor 11 is greater than the value of two preset values, the short circuit protector 12 of the protection circuit 102 transmits the short circuit signal to the 8/21 M422228 control unit l〇, and the volt control unit 1 〇 turns off the transistor Q1. . Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 simultaneously, the manner in which the constant current driver 1 supplies a constant current to the light emitting diode unit L£D is explained as follows. When the transistor is turned on π(Τ-ON) '% sense L丨 starts charging, the LED Lv of the LED unit LED passes through the hair sense B1, the transistor Q1 and the resistor Rs form a loop, and the inductor L1 is charged. Current flows through the resistor Rs to form a voltage drop. When the resistor Rs reaches the reference voltage Vs of the turbulence detector of the control unit 1 , the control unit 1 turns off the transistor and continues to turn off the transistor Q1 for a predetermined time 匕 (10), and then re-directs Powered crystal qi Tian Ni Ni Nu Ql deadline, the inductor Ll began to discharge through the diode (1) J hair light a single body Led. Since the wear time T-OFF of the transistor ^ is fixed (determined by a fixed-resistance oscillator 4), the voltage of the LED of the LED unit is Vz, and the forward voltage of the diode D1 is Vd. 'Charging through the inductor L1, the peak current is ILH, and the discharge valley current is I_LL, so we can get the formula (1). - , UFFsH(Vz+Vd)/Ll, (1). Since the inductance values of TJ3FF, V2, t, d and the inductor LI are fixed values', the charging peak lightning, "IL is I_LH minus the discharge valley current (I_LLI-LH-IJLL) is fixed. Moreover, the charging peak current I_LH of the inductor L1 is controlled by the resistor, so the charging peak current I - LH = Vs / Rs. When the reference + A is a fixed value, the peak charge current I_LH is also a fixed value. Since the charging peak current IJLH is a fixed value 9/21 force π, the off-time T_OFF of the transistor Q1 is fixed, so the discharge slope of the inductor L1 is fixed, and the current L flowing through the LED of the light-emitting diode unit can be Equation (2) represents: LLED = I_ll + (I - LH - I - LL ) / 2, (2). It can be seen from equation (2) that the current 1_1^0 is also a fixed value. According to the above, the plate current driver 1 provides a constant current of the LED unit LED. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 at the same time. FIG. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a light-emitting diode constant current driver having a 雈φ 保 circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Compared with rgj and ^1, Figure 3 has more startup circuit 16, resistor R3 and capacitor C4. In FIG. 3, the driving logic circuit 131 can include the driving logic circuit 13 of FIG. 1 and the current detecting comparator 15, and the driving logic circuit 131 can detect the current mode pulse width modulation of the current mode ( PWM) $Integrator Circuit (1C) implementation. Commonly used pulse width modulation control integrated circuits have voltage comparators and switching frequency control circuits for current detection. The driving logic circuit j 31 has a driving terminal 〇utput, a feedback terminal FB, a core 10, a reference voltage terminal Vref, a current detecting terminal Isense, and an end point VCC, L, FIX-OFF, GND. The starting circuit 16 is electrically connected to the DC power source respectively -_______ D VIII - Xing: = Bao Yi Yi I2. The start circuit 1δ is also electrically connected to the drive logic circuit. The point VCO open circuit protection circuit u is electrically connected to the current of the inductor L1 and the drive circuit 131. The short circuit protection circuit 12 is electrically connected to the +. Connected to the second end of the inductor L1 and the drive circuit 31 to feedback her - fork and FB. The fixed cutoff oscillator 14 10/21 === the reference voltage terminal FIX_OFF of the circuit 131 and the ground terminal gNd. The point fixed cutoff oscillator 14 includes a transistor Q2, and a capacitor to an open circuit protector, including a transistor Q3 and a resistor R5. It is electrically connected to the end point nx_〇FF and the current is used as a domain wave. Short circuit protector with capacitor c2. In addition, the starting hair path (7) in Fig. 3 includes a body ZD2, a resistor R8 and a capacitor c5. The circuit 16 is activated to provide an operating voltage when the driving logic circuit 131 is operating. ~ 疋 动 动 R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R In other words, the resistor R3 can be ================================================================================================ The 驴 驴 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a Voltage v"s). End point: The operating voltage of the startup circuit 16. Feedback terminal? Two from: Delete 12 short circuit signal. Drive logic circuit 13 =; voltage terminal to open circuit protector = Vre.f provides the voltage is current > The test end is supplied with voltage from the reference voltage terminal Vref via her: M422228 has the usual knowledge Infer the reference electricity statement. The endpoint HX-0FF receives the fixed cutoff mode and no longer stops the clock V-HX_0FF. Endpoint :] The resulting cutoff GND. The transistor Q3 connected to the ground terminal protector 11 is bristled. The first end (emitter) of the transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the transistor (8) T). The resistor R4 is electrically connected to the end of the early (7) and the control terminal (base) of the transistor Q3. The second end of the resistor & the second crystal (collector) of the crystal Q3 is connected to the electricity
Isense之間。 卫早兀10之電流偵測端 短路保護器12的二極體ZD1 感li之第二端。電阻R2電性連接；η;至電 極與邏輯驅動電路⑶之回授端FB':間。 制單元之回授端FB與接地端_之間: 电谷C2電性連接於邏輯驅動電 接地端咖之間。 ⑽131之回授端叩與 固定截止振盪器Μ之電晶_為金氧半導體場效 電晶體_SFET)。電晶體Q2之第一端電性連接至接地 端GND。電阻R7的兩端電性連接於控制單元⑺之參考電 壓端Vref與電晶體⑴之第二端之間。電阻邮電性連接= 控制單7L 10之驅動端〇utput與電晶體Q2之控制端之間 。電容C3之兩端分別電性連接電晶體〇2之第一端以及電 晶體Q2第二端。 請同時參照圖1、圖3與圖4，圖4為本創作實施例之 12/21 具有保護電路之發光二極驗流驅動器波形圖。驅動邏 铒電路13]經由啟動電路16供電後開始工作 〜 广\1、洽、它η士 兄日日月立 Φ導通％，電晶體Q2亦導通。電感[丨開始充電，且流 過發光二極體單元LED與Cl的電流經由電感u^ 晶體Ql與電阻RS構成迴路，在電峰上形成電壓。= 電阻Rs上的電壓到達電流偵測比較器15的門限電壓％ 4，電晶體Ql、Q2被截止。此時電感u的電流峰值為 I—LH=Vs/Rs。由於門限電壓％的值是固定。所以可視 I—LH為固定。當電阻Rs上的電壓到達門限電壓Vs時（ 假設流過電阻R9的電流甚小至可以忽略），驅動邏輯電 路131私電阳體(^1截止（〇ρφ)。此時，流經電感l 1的電 流，轉變成透過二極體D1向發光二極體單元lED與電容 C1放電。 復參照圖3，在此說明固定截止振盪器14產生戴止 時脈V—FIX一OFF的過程。在電晶體Q2、Q]導通期間， 驅動邏輯電路131的端點FIX_〇FF經由電晶體Q2而接地 ’電容C3的電位趨近於零。所以，在電晶體Q1、（^2的 導通期間，驅動邏輯電路131不再產生其他觸發訊號來 控制電晶體Ql、Q2的導通與截止（on/OFF)。當電晶體 Q2、Q1截止（OFF)時。驅動邏輯電路131的參考電壓端 Vref的電壓經由電阻R7對電容c3充電，當電容C3的電壓 到達一個重置電壓後（可由驅動邏輯電路丨3 ]内設定—個 13/2! M422228 - 比較電路，以判斷端點FIX—0FF是否達到重置電壓），驅 動遊輯電路131將再次驅動電晶體qi、Q2導通。所以， 電容C3自零伏特充電至重置電壓的時間可視為固定（即 為預設日寺間丁一OFF)，藉此達到電晶體Q1的截止時間固定 的控制。 復同時參照圖1至圖4，依據上述’電流偵測比較器 15比較電阻Rs之第一端的電壓V—RS(透過電阻R9)與門 限電壓Vs ’並據此產生比較信號Vsl輸出至驅動邏輯電 路131。當電阻Rs之第一端的電壓V__RS高於門限電壓Vs 時，驅動邏輯電路131依據比較信號Vsl截止電晶體Ql 一個預設時間T OFF。 復參照圖3,當電感L1之第二端之電壓值小於第一預 值守（P電晶體Q3的基射極電壓vbe—Q3與參考電壓 鈿Vref的龟壓之和），電晶體開始導通，電流經由電 l入龟阻R9與電容C4，進而使電流偵測比較器1 $ 勺向輸入^的電壓南於電流價測比較器15的非反向 約而勺門限電壓Vs ’使得每一個週期中電晶體q 1導 通的間到最小（即持續截止電晶體Q1) ’達到開路保護 的作用。此時，發光二極體單元二幻^的開路電壓會保持 在一個固定值，此固定值為Vz = vin—DC —( vbe—Q3 +Between Isense. The current detection terminal of Wei Zao 10 is the second end of the diode ZD1 of the short circuit protector 12. The resistor R2 is electrically connected; η; to the feedback terminal FB' of the electrode and the logic driving circuit (3). Between the feedback terminal FB and the ground terminal _ of the unit: The electric valley C2 is electrically connected between the logic drive electric ground terminal. (10) 131 feedback terminal 固定 and fixed-off oscillator Μ 电 为 is the MOSFET _SFET). The first end of the transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the ground GND. Both ends of the resistor R7 are electrically connected between the reference voltage terminal Vref of the control unit (7) and the second end of the transistor (1). Resistive postal connection = control between the drive end of the 7L 10 drive and the control terminal of the transistor Q2. The two ends of the capacitor C3 are electrically connected to the first end of the transistor 〇2 and the second end of the transistor Q2, respectively. Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 simultaneously. FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the 12/21 light-emitting diode detection driver with protection circuit according to the embodiment. The driving logic circuit 13] starts to work after being powered by the starting circuit 16~ 广\1, Qi, η 士 兄 兄 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日 日The inductor [丨 starts charging, and the current flowing through the LED unit LED and Cl forms a loop through the inductor u^ crystal Q1 and the resistor RS, and a voltage is formed on the electric peak. = The voltage on the resistor Rs reaches the threshold voltage % 4 of the current detecting comparator 15, and the transistors Q1, Q2 are turned off. At this time, the current peak of the inductor u is I - LH = Vs / Rs. Since the value of the threshold voltage % is fixed. So visible I-LH is fixed. When the voltage on the resistor Rs reaches the threshold voltage Vs (assuming that the current flowing through the resistor R9 is so small that it is negligible), the logic circuit 131 drives the private body (^1 off (〇ρφ). At this time, flowing through the inductor l The current of 1 is converted to discharge to the light-emitting diode unit 1ED and the capacitor C1 through the diode D1. Referring to Fig. 3, the process of the fixed-off oscillator 14 generating the wear-stop clock V-FIX-OFF will be described here. During the turn-on of the transistors Q2, Q], the terminal FIX_〇FF of the driving logic circuit 131 is grounded via the transistor Q2. The potential of the capacitor C3 approaches zero. Therefore, during the conduction period of the transistors Q1 and (2), The driving logic circuit 131 no longer generates other trigger signals to control the on and off of the transistors Q1, Q2. When the transistors Q2, Q1 are turned OFF, the voltage of the reference voltage terminal Vref of the driving logic circuit 131 is driven. The capacitor c3 is charged via the resistor R7. When the voltage of the capacitor C3 reaches a reset voltage (a 13/2! M422228 can be set in the drive logic circuit 丨3) to determine whether the terminal FIX-0FF reaches the weight. Set the voltage), drive the play circuit 131 will The secondary driving transistors qi and Q2 are turned on. Therefore, the time from the charging of the capacitor C3 to the reset voltage can be regarded as fixed (that is, the preset day of the temple is OFF), thereby achieving the fixed cutoff time of the transistor Q1. Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 simultaneously, the current detecting comparator 15 compares the voltage V-RS (transmitting resistor R9) of the first end of the resistor Rs with the threshold voltage Vs' and generates a comparison signal Vs1 according to the above. To the driving logic circuit 131. When the voltage V__RS of the first end of the resistor Rs is higher than the threshold voltage Vs, the driving logic circuit 131 turns off the transistor Q1 according to the comparison signal Vs1 for a predetermined time TOFF. Referring to FIG. 3, when the inductor L1 The voltage value at the second end is smaller than the first pre-value (the sum of the base emitter voltage vbe-Q3 of the P transistor Q3 and the turtle voltage of the reference voltage 钿Vref), the transistor starts to conduct, and the current enters the turtle resistance R9 via the electricity And the capacitor C4, and thus the current detecting comparator 1 $ scoop to the input voltage ^ is the non-reverse threshold voltage Vs ' of the current price comparator 15 so that the transistor q 1 is turned on in each cycle To the minimum (ie, continuous cut-off transistor Q 1) ’Achieve the function of open circuit protection. At this time, the open circuit voltage of the LED diode will remain at a fixed value. The fixed value is Vz = vin—DC —( vbe—Q3 +
Vref)。換句話說，開路保護器11透.過電流偵測端lsense 傳迗開路彳5號至控制單元]〇，以使控制單元1 〇截止電晶 14/21 M422228 體Q1。所述開路信號為開路保護器11輸出至電流偵測端 Isense的電流所產生的電壓變化。Vref). In other words, the open circuit protector 11 transmits the overcurrent detecting terminal lsense to the open circuit port 5 to the control unit 〇, so that the control unit 1 〇 turns off the transistor 14/21 M422228 body Q1. The open circuit signal is a voltage change generated by the current output from the open circuit protector 11 to the current detecting terminal Isense.
復參照圖3，當發光二極體單元LED短路時，電感L1 之第二端Vb的電壓會往直流電源Vin_DC的電壓增加。 當電感L1之第二端Vb的電壓高於第二預設值時，經由 二極體ZD2與電阻R1、R2的分屋’遊科驅動電路1 3 1的 回授端FB(電壓比較器的反向端）的電壓會高於邏輯驅 動電路131内所設定的電壓參考值，進而使每一個週期 中電晶體Q1導通的時間到最小（即持續截止電晶體Q1) ，達到短路保護的作用。換句話說，當電感L1之第二端 Vb之電壓值大於第二預設值時，短路保護器12透過回授 端FB傳送短路信號至控制單元10，以使控制單元10截止 電晶體Q1。 〔實施例的可能功效〕Referring to FIG. 3, when the LED of the LED unit is short-circuited, the voltage of the second terminal Vb of the inductor L1 increases to the voltage of the DC power source Vin_DC. When the voltage of the second end Vb of the inductor L1 is higher than the second preset value, the feedback terminal FB of the sub-division drive circuit 1 3 1 via the diode ZD2 and the resistors R1 and R2 (voltage comparator The voltage at the opposite end is higher than the voltage reference value set in the logic driving circuit 131, so that the time during which the transistor Q1 is turned on is minimized in each cycle (ie, the transistor Q1 is continuously turned off) to achieve the short circuit protection. In other words, when the voltage value of the second terminal Vb of the inductor L1 is greater than the second predetermined value, the short circuit protector 12 transmits a short circuit signal to the control unit 10 through the feedback terminal FB to cause the control unit 10 to turn off the transistor Q1. [Possible effects of the examples]
根據本創作實施例，上述的具有保護電路之發光二極 體恆流驅動器可以使用一般常用的脈波寬度調變控制 積體電路與電晶體。所述恆流驅動器不需使用複雜昂貴 的專用積體電路’線路結構簡早且成本較低。所述f亙流 驅動器使用固定截止的方式不影響恒定電流的輸出，且 具有開路保護與短路保護的能力。另外，所述恆流驅動 器適合任意輸入電壓操作，輸入電壓範圍廣。所述恆流 驅動器也適合任意輸出功率的操作，輸出功率高，且轉 換效率高。 ，15/21 M422228 以上所述僅為本創作之實施例，其並非用以侷限本創 作之專利範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本創作實施例之具有保護電路之發光二極體 恒流驅動器之電路方塊圖。 圖2為本創作實施例之具有保護電路之發光二極體 怪流驅動器之波形圖。 圖3為本創作實施例之具有保護電路之發光二極體 十亙流驅動器之細部電路圖。 圖4為本創作實施例之具有保護電路之發光二極體 十亙流驅動器波形圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 I :具有保護電路之發光二極體恆流驅動器 10 :控制單元 II :開路保護器 12 :短路保護器 13、131 :驅動邏輯電路 14 :固定截止振盪器 15 :電流偵測比較器 101 :回授電路 102 .保5蒦電路 LED :發光二極體單元 LED11、LED12、LED113、LED14、LED21 、：LED2 2、LED2 3、LED2 4 :發光二極體 16/21According to the present embodiment, the above-described light-emitting diode constant current driver having the protection circuit can control the integrated circuit and the transistor using the commonly used pulse width modulation. The constant current driver does not require the use of a complicated and expensive dedicated integrated circuit. The wiring structure is simple and low in cost. The f turbulence driver uses a fixed cutoff mode that does not affect the output of the constant current and has the ability to open circuit protection and short circuit protection. In addition, the constant current driver is suitable for any input voltage operation and has a wide input voltage range. The constant current driver is also suitable for operation of any output power, has high output power, and has high conversion efficiency. 15/21 M422228 The above is only an example of this creation and is not intended to limit the scope of this patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a light-emitting diode constant current driver having a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a waveform diagram of a light-emitting diode strange flow driver having a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a light-emitting diode decoupling driver having a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a waveform diagram of a light-emitting diode decoupling driver having a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] I: LED constant current driver with protection circuit 10: Control unit II: Open circuit protector 12: Short circuit protector 13, 131: Drive logic circuit 14: Fixed cut-off oscillator 15: Current detection Measurer comparator 101: feedback circuit 102. 蒦5蒦 circuit LED: LED unit LED11, LED12, LED113, LED14, LED21, LED2 2, LED2 3, LED2 4: LED 6/21