M333636 八、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本新型關於一種可變指向性傳聲器，更具體而言，係 關於一種如下的使用了類比信號處理器（ASP，analog signal processor )的可變指向性傳聲器’亦即’應用兩個無 指向性傳聲器和ASP來對信號和雜訊進行分離，從而可以 即時地改變指向模式（directional pattern )。 攀 · * 【先前技術】 一般，傳聲器根據指向特性分為無指向性（全方位） 傳聲器和指向性傳聲器，其中，指向性傳聲器分為雙向性 (Bi-directional)傳聲器和單向性（Uni-directional)傳聲 器。雙向性傳聲器由於具有如下特性而廣泛用於雜訊干擾 嚴重的赛場播音等中：充分再現前方及後方的入射音，而 對於從側角入射的聲音則顯示出減弱特性，從而使針對音 丨 源的極性模式（p〇lar pattern )呈現出8字形，且近場（加虹 field)效應良好。單一指向性傳聲器回應於寬廣的前方入 ，射聲，維持輸出值，而對於後方入射音源，抵消輸出值， 一改善相對於前方音源的S/N比，因此，清晰度好，廣泛用 於聲音識別用裝置。 指向性傳聲器通常利用一個傳聲器在殼體和PCB面上 分別形成聲孔，從而借助於前方音和後方音之間的相位差 而得到指向性，然而還開發出利用兩個無指向性傳聲器而 得到可變指向性傳聲器。 M333636 第一圖是現有利用 DSP ( Digital Signal Processor，數 位信號處理器）的可變指向性傳聲器的簡圖，現有的可變 指向性傳聲器由下述部分構成：至少兩個無指向性傳聲器 10-1、10-2 ;以及DSP20，其對應於使用者的控制而接收 來自無指向性傳聲器10-1、10-2的信號，從而得到使用者 所設定的指向性模式。 但是，在這樣利用DSP來構建的可變指向性傳聲器中 存在如下問題:將類比信號轉換為數位信號之後，利用DSp 來進行處理，因此信號處理速度鍰慢，無法即時地改變波 束模式（Beam Patterns)。並且，現有的利用DSP的可變指 向性傳聲器還存在下述問題：在將信號轉換為數位信號後 進行處理，因此導致信號處理所需的耗電量的增加，並且 需要在應用產品（例如，行動電話）上安裝甩於驅動Dsp 的專用軟體，從而操作複雜，成品後，需要對兩個傳聲器 進行校準（calibration)，因此導致批次生產效率下降。 【新型内容】 本新型就是鑒於上述問題而提出的，其目的在於提 種利用類比信號處理器的可變指向性傳聲器，其應用 所傳聲态和ASP來對信號和雜訊進行分離，從而改盖 貝以即日寸改變的方式提供使用者期望的指向特性。 為了達成上述目的，本新型的利用類比信號處 :變：向性傳聲器由以下部分構成：第一無指向性傳 ，弟一無指向性傳聲器；以及類比信號處理器，其接 M333636 和該第二無指向性傳聲 從而提供即時可變的指向雜/出進盯類比㈣處理， 相隔性聲器 央位置安裝有該類心處理器，:該：= .==”的連接！:’在殼體上内置有該咖 於引入外部聲音丄 =傳例應的位置上分別形成有用 【實施方式】 j : ’參照關對本新型的較佳實施例進行詳細說明。 壯^ 一圖是本新型的利用ASP的可變指向性傳聲器的安 裝狀悲圖。第三圖是本新型的利用Asp的可變指向性傳聲 器的第一外觀圖。第四圖是本新型的利用ASp的可變指向 性傳聲器的第二外觀圖。本新型的可變指向性傳聲器如第 一圖至第四圖所示，由下述部分構成：兩個傳聲器、 10〇-2，它們相隔一定間隔設置在同一個pcB基板11〇上； 類比信號處理器120，其對分別從上述兩個傳聲器iooq、 100-2接收到的類比信號進行處理，從而提供使用者期望的 指向特性的信號；以及殼體130，其用於保護搭載有上述兩 個傳聲器 10(M、100-2和ASP120的PCB110。M333636 VIII. New description: [New technical field] The present invention relates to a variable directivity microphone, and more particularly to a variable orientation using an analog signal processor (ASP) as follows The directional microphone 'is also' uses two non-directional microphones and ASP to separate the signal and noise, so that the directional pattern can be changed instantly. Pan·* [Prior Art] Generally, microphones are classified into non-directional (omnidirectional) microphones and directional microphones according to the directional characteristics. Among them, directional microphones are divided into bi-directional microphones and unidirectional (Uni- Directional) microphone. The two-way microphone is widely used in stadium broadcasts where noise interference is severe due to the following characteristics: the front and rear incident sounds are sufficiently reproduced, and the sound incident from the side angles exhibits a weakening characteristic, thereby making the sounds suitable for the sound. The source's polarity pattern (p〇lar pattern) exhibits a figure of eight and the near field (plus field) effect is good. The single directional microphone responds to the wide forward input, emits sound, maintains the output value, and for the rear incident source, cancels the output value, improves the S/N ratio with respect to the front source, and therefore has good definition and is widely used for sound. Identification device. Directional microphones usually use a microphone to form sound holes on the housing and the PCB surface, respectively, to obtain directivity by means of the phase difference between the front and rear sounds. However, it has also been developed to use two non-directional microphones. Variable directional microphone. M333636 The first figure is a simplified diagram of a conventional variable directivity microphone using a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The existing variable directivity microphone is composed of at least two non-directional microphones 10- 1, 10-2; and DSP 20, which receives signals from the non-directional microphones 10-1, 10-2 corresponding to the user's control, thereby obtaining a directivity mode set by the user. However, in such a variable directional microphone constructed by using the DSP, there is a problem in that after the analog signal is converted into a digital signal, DSp is used for processing, so the signal processing speed is slow, and the beam pattern cannot be changed instantaneously (Beam Patterns) ). Moreover, the existing variable directivity microphone using the DSP has a problem in that processing is performed after converting a signal into a digital signal, thereby causing an increase in power consumption required for signal processing, and requiring an application product (for example, The mobile phone is installed on the dedicated software that drives the Dsp, so the operation is complicated. After the finished product, the two microphones need to be calibrated, which leads to a decrease in batch production efficiency. [New content] This new model is proposed in view of the above problems. Its purpose is to propose a variable directional microphone using an analog signal processor, which uses the transmitted sound state and ASP to separate signals and noise. Gabe provides the user's desired pointing characteristics in a way that changes in day-to-day. In order to achieve the above object, the novel uses the analog signal: variable: the directional microphone is composed of the following: a first non-directional transmission, a non-directional microphone; and an analog signal processor, which is connected to M333636 and the second There is no directional sound to provide an instant variable pointing/missing analogy (4) processing. The center of the sound detector is installed with this kind of heart processor:::====”Connection!: 'in the shell The built-in body is formed at the position where the external sound is introduced and the transmission example is formed. [Embodiment] j: 'The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the reference. The installation of the variable directivity microphone of ASP. The third figure is the first appearance of the novel variable directivity microphone using Asp. The fourth figure is the novel variable directivity microphone using ASp. The second external view. The variable directivity microphone of the present invention is composed of the following parts as shown in the first to fourth figures: two microphones, 10〇-2, which are disposed on the same pcB substrate 11 at intervals. Squat An analog signal processor 120 that processes analog signals received from the two microphones iooq, 100-2, respectively, to provide a signal of a desired pointing characteristic of the user; and a housing 130 for protecting the mounted The above two microphones 10 (M, 100-2 and ASP120 of the PCB 110).
參照第二圖，在PCB110上相隔一定間隔設置有兩個傳 聲器100_1、100-2，在兩個傳聲器100-1、100-2之間的PCB M333636 中央處安裝有ASP120。另外，在PCB110的底面上形成有如 第三圖所示的用於介面的連接端子110a，且如第四圖所示 ，其被安裝在殼體130之内而受到保護。在殼體130的與傳 聲器100-1、100-2對應的位置上形成有用於引入外部聲音 的聲孔 132-1、132_2。 第五圖是本新型的利用ASP的可變指向性傳聲器的結 構圖。如第五圖所示，本新型的利用ASP的可變指向性傳 聲器由下述部分構成：第一傳聲器100-1 ;第二傳聲器1〇〇〜2 ，以及類比信號處理器120 (ASP)，其實時地對從第一傳 聲器100-1輸入的類比輸入信號Ainl和從第二傳聲器1〇〇-2 輪入的類比輸入信號Ain2進行處理，從而輸出可變指向模 式的類比信號Aout。 參照第五圖，第一傳聲器iOOU和第二傳聲器1〇〇_2是 無指向性傳聲器，因此無需像指向性傳聲器那樣考慮後方 音，所以易於内置於行動電話或攝影機等採用傳聲=的產 品中。 ASP 120由可實現編程和即時處理的浮m (如ating 細〇構成，從而接收各無指向性傳聲㈣的類 比信號而即時地形成波束模式來提供可變指向性。 、 第六圖是本新型的利用Asp的可變指向性 細結構圖。 1寻卓』孑 。。如第六圖所示，本新型的利用Asp的可變指向性傳聲 裔由第-無指向性傳聲器】〇〇_】、第二無 100-2以及ASP120構成。 厚耳益 M333636 參照第六圖，由於第一傳聲器1〇〇-1和第二傳聲器 100_2是無指向性傳聲!§，因此無需像指向性傳聲器那樣考 慮後方音，所以易於内置於行動電話或攝影機等採用傳聲 器的產品中。 ASP120由下述部分構成：相位反轉器121，其用於針 對第一無指向性傳耸盗100-1的輸出，反轉相位；相位控制 部122;信號混合部123;電平比較及控制部124，·以及切換 控制部12 5。本新型具有按照不同角度來識別指向特性而可 對其進行選擇的切換控制部12 5 ’將從自己的無指向性傳聲 器輸入而延遲的信號和從對方的無指向性傳聲器輸入的沒 有延遲的信號結合，從而提供使用者期望的指向特性。又 第-無指向性傳聲器1〇(Μ和第二無指向性傳聲器 100-2接收到來自前方的聲音’將該聲音轉換為電信號後輸 出。第-無指向性傳聲SlGG-Ι的輸出信號通過相位反轉器 121被相位反轉180度，通過信號現合部12说遲板據相位二 制部122所設定的時間而進行混合。 工 第二無指向性傳聲器1〇〇_2的輸出信號與反轉了相位 的第一無指向性傳聲器1〇(Μ的信號一起受到撕控 成一定波束模式。 ^ 在ASP的信號混合部123中，即時地將從第—無 傳聲器100-1輸入的信號和第二無指向性傳聲器1〇〇^曰°_生 號混合而生鮮向性及雙向賴式，最初生錢向性^ 而使波束（beam)角度達到最小，以除去前方的雜j、* 後利用切換控制部125切換為可以使後方雜訊達到最=、的此 M333636 另外，相較於前方輪入立 曰、即音源，侧方或後方的輸 入、即雜訊部分的輸人值變大時，由電平比較及控制部以 來對此進行制，以減條人大的方向的輸入值的方 式對切換控制部125進行調節，㈣地變更波束模式。 單向性模式’以使雜訊達到最小。通過設置這樣的切換控 制#125*可以^到發揮至今的現有傳聲器所體現的單向 性及雙向性傳聲ϋ的所有優點的新型指向模式。 士通過進斤，上操作，可以省略一切使用了現有的⑽ 時、由使用者逐一利用庫用於+ 應用^式來進行調整以減少周圍環 境的雜訊的㈣的作業，從㈣—步提高使用者便利性， 由此，可以進-步減少耗電，且可以不使用不必要的應用 程式等，因此可以提高應用產品的價格競爭力。 如^所述’本新型的可變指向性傳聲器利㈣個無指 向性傳聲器和ASP來構成’從而對信號和雜訊進行分離， 改善音質，自在地提供使用者期望的指向特性。 另外，本新型的可變指向性傳聲器利用八处來直接處 理類比信號，因此，信號處理速度快，可以即時地改變波 束模式，耗電減少，對使用電池的應用產品很有效，並且 無需對成品進行另行校準或安袭應用程式，因此，具有量 產效率提高及降低價格等效果。 另外，本卿的可變指向性傳聲H使用無指向性傳聲 器’因此能夠解決在應用指向性傳聲器時、成為最為棘手 問題的結構設計的難度，從而可以將其内置於行動電話或 攝影機等㈣電子產品巾來進行❹，並且减用應用程 M333636 式也能將波束模式自動調節為使其自動實現最佳環境，因 此，使用者能夠容易地使用。 以上，參照本新型的較佳實施例進行了說明，但本領 域技術人員可以理解，在不脫離所附的申請專利範圍記載 的本新型的思想及領域的範圍内，可以對本新型進行各種 修改和變更。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖是現有的利用DSP的可變指向性傳聲器的簡圖 〇 第二圖是本新型的利用ASP的可變指向性傳聲器的安 裝狀態圖。 第三圖是本新型的利用ASP的可變指向性傳聲器的第 一外觀圖。 第四圖是本新型的利用ASP的可變指向性傳聲器的第 二外觀圖。 第五圖是本新型的利用ASP的可變指向性傳聲器的結 構圖。 第六圖是第五圖所示的ASP的詳細結構圖。 【主要元件符號說明】Referring to the second figure, two microphones 100_1, 100-2 are disposed on the PCB 110 at intervals, and the ASP 120 is installed at the center of the PCB M333636 between the two microphones 100-1, 100-2. Further, a connection terminal 110a for the interface as shown in the third figure is formed on the bottom surface of the PCB 110, and as shown in the fourth figure, it is mounted inside the casing 130 to be protected. Sound holes 132-1, 132_2 for introducing an external sound are formed at positions corresponding to the microphones 100-1, 100-2 of the casing 130. The fifth figure is a structural diagram of the novel variable directivity microphone using ASP. As shown in the fifth figure, the variable directivity microphone of the present invention using ASP is composed of a first microphone 100-1, a second microphone 1〇〇2, and an analog signal processor 120 (ASP). It processes the analog input signal Ain1 input from the first microphone 100-1 and the analog input signal Ain2 rounded from the second microphone 1〇〇-2 in real time, thereby outputting the analog signal Aout of the variable pointing mode. Referring to the fifth diagram, the first microphone iOOU and the second microphone 1〇〇_2 are non-directional microphones, so that it is not necessary to consider the rear sound like a directional microphone, so it is easy to be built in a mobile phone or a camera, etc. in. The ASP 120 is formed by a floating m (such as an ating fineness) that can implement programming and instant processing, thereby receiving an analog signal of each non-directional sound (4) to form a beam pattern to provide variable directivity. A new type of variable directivity fine structure drawing using Asp. 1Seeing Zhuo 孑. As shown in the sixth figure, the novel directional directional phonic using Asp is made up of a first-non-directional microphone. _], the second without 100-2 and ASP120. Thick ear M333636 Referring to the sixth picture, since the first microphone 1〇〇-1 and the second microphone 100_2 are non-directional sounds! §, therefore no need for directionality The microphone is considered as a rear sound, so it is easy to be built in a product using a microphone such as a mobile phone or a video camera. The ASP 120 is composed of a phase inverting unit 121 for transmitting the thief 100-1 for the first non-directionality. Output, inversion phase; phase control unit 122; signal mixing unit 123; level comparison and control unit 124, and switching control unit 125. The present invention has a switching function for identifying a pointing characteristic according to different angles. control The portion 12 5 ' combines a signal delayed by input from its own non-directional microphone with a signal without delay from the other non-directional microphone to provide a desired pointing characteristic of the user. The first-non-directional microphone 1 〇 (Μ and the second non-directional microphone 100-2 receive the sound from the front'. The sound is converted into an electric signal and output. The output signal of the first-non-directional sound S1GG-Ι is passed through the phase inverter 121. The phase is reversed by 180 degrees, and is mixed by the signal integration unit 12 to say that the late plate is mixed according to the time set by the phase two-part unit 122. The output signal of the second non-directional microphone 1〇〇_2 and the phase inverted The first non-directional microphone 1〇 (the signals of Μ are subjected to tearing together into a certain beam pattern. ^ In the signal mixing unit 123 of the ASP, the signal input from the first-no-microphone 100-1 and the second non-directional are instantaneously Sexual microphone 1 〇〇 ^ 曰 ° _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 125 switch to can The rear noise reaches the maximum =, this M333636. In addition, compared with the front wheel, the source, the side or rear input, that is, the input value of the noise part becomes larger, the level comparison and control unit Since this has been done, the switching control unit 125 is adjusted to reduce the input value in the direction of the large person, and the beam mode is changed (four). The one-way mode 'to minimize the noise. By setting such switching control# 125* can be used to achieve the new pointing mode of all the advantages of the one-way and two-way sound transmission embodied in the existing microphones. The man can use the existing (10) to eliminate all the use of the existing (10) One by one, the library is used for the + application method to adjust the (4) operation of the noise of the surrounding environment, and the user convenience is improved from the (four) step, thereby reducing power consumption further and without using Unnecessary applications, etc., can increase the price competitiveness of the application. As described in the 'variable directional microphone of the present invention, the four (four) non-directional microphones and the ASP are constructed to separate signals and noise, improve sound quality, and freely provide the user's desired pointing characteristics. In addition, the novel variable directivity microphone utilizes eight places to directly process the analog signal, so the signal processing speed is fast, the beam mode can be changed instantaneously, the power consumption is reduced, and the application product using the battery is effective, and the finished product is not required. By performing additional calibration or attacking the application, it has the effects of increased mass production efficiency and lower price. In addition, this variable directional sound transmission H uses a non-directional microphone', so it can solve the structural difficulty of being the most difficult problem when applying a directional microphone, so that it can be built into a mobile phone or a camera, etc. (4) The electronic product towel can be used, and the application model M333636 can also automatically adjust the beam mode to automatically achieve the optimal environment, so the user can easily use it. The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention and the scope of the invention. change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a simplified diagram of a conventional variable directivity microphone using a DSP. The second figure is an installation state diagram of the novel variable directivity microphone using ASP. The third figure is the first appearance of the novel variable directivity microphone using ASP. The fourth figure is a second appearance of the novel variable directivity microphone using ASP. The fifth figure is a structural diagram of the novel variable directivity microphone using ASP. The sixth figure is a detailed structural diagram of the ASP shown in the fifth figure. [Main component symbol description]
10-1 第一傳聲器 10-2 第二傳聲器 20 DSP 11 M333636 100-1 100-2 110 110a 120 121 122 123 124 125 130 132-1 132-210-1 First Microphone 10-2 Second Microphone 20 DSP 11 M333636 100-1 100-2 110 110a 120 121 122 123 124 125 130 132-1 132-2
第一傳聲器（無指向傳聲器） 第二傳聲器（無指向傳聲器） PCBFirst microphone (no pointing microphone) second microphone (no pointing microphone) PCB
連接端子 ASP 相位反轉器 相位控制部 信號混合部 • · 電平比較及控制部 切換控制部 殼體 聲孔 聲孔 12Connection terminal ASP phase inverter Phase control unit Signal mixing unit • Level comparison and control unit Switching control unit Housing Sound hole Sound hole 12