TWI834759B - System for automated personal vision tracer and mathod tthereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an optical refractive system for obtaining optical devices that can be used in low-cost devices, systems and methods that can measure refractive error very accurately by being attached to a smartphone. The device of the present invention can simulate the cross-cylindrical lens program used by optometrists through the reverse Shack-Hartman technology, using ambient light or light sources. Using the optical device with a smartphone, the user can first change the angle of the axis until the user sees a cross pattern (vertical and horizontal lines equally spaced); the user can use the motorized controls on the optical device to adjust the display. This allows the lines to converge and overlap, which is equivalent to making the view clearer and providing the user with an accurate and suitable optical prescription.

Description

System and method for automating personal visual trackers

The present invention relates to the technical field of visual testing systems. More specifically, it refers to a device and method for obtaining refraction information of an optical system using a refractive optical observation mirror, which is used to observe and manipulate line patterns produced on a smartphone screen.

This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application 62767731 filed on November 15, 2018.

This application contains material that is protected by patents or that may be protected by copyright and/or trademark. The copyright and trademark owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction of any patent disclosure appearing in the Patent and Trademark Office files or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright and trademark rights.

The principles of the present invention were not anticipated or disclosed by the known related art.

In related art, US Patent 8.783,871 to Pamplona et al. discloses a general method of finding refractive values using the generalized Shack-Harmann technique. However, the Pamplona patent does not disclose an effective and economical way to take advantage of the high-density pixel patterns of today's smartphones.

In related technologies, in fact, consumers still largely spend too much time and money to obtain refractive information from traditional physical optometry examination rooms.

Therefore, there is a long-standing need for the present invention in the art, where vision is arguably the most important sense. The direct connection between the human eye and the human brain is a very advanced optical system. Light from the environment passes through the eye optics consisting of the cornea, pupil and lens and is focused to produce an image on the retina. As with all optical systems, Aberrations also occur in the light traveling through the eye's optics. The most common forms of aberrations in the eye are defocus and astigmatism. These lower-order aberrations are responsible for the most common refractive eye conditions myopia (nearsightedness) and hyperopia (farsightedness). ;Higher order aberrations also exist and are most conveniently described by Zernike polynomials. These usually have a minor impact on visual function. The eye, like any other organ of the human body, can suffer from various diseases and disorders, the most prominent today being: cataracts, AMD, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye.

Ophthalmic measurements are essential for eye health and proper vision and can be divided into objective and subjective types. Objective types of measurements provide physiological, physical (e.g., mechanical or optical), biological, or functional indicators without input from the individual being measured (patient, subject, user, or consumer); examples of objective tests include, but are not limited to OCT (optical coherence tomography for 3-dimensional and cross-sectional imaging of the eye), scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO, for spectral imaging of the retina), fundus imaging (for rendering retinal images), computerized refractor ( for refractive measurement), keratometer (for providing corneal contour), tonometer (for measuring IOP - intraocular pressure). Subjective measurements give indicators related to an individual's input, that is, they provide parameters that also take into account the individual's brain function, perception, and cognitive abilities; examples of subjective tests include, but are not limited to, visual acuity tests, contrast sensitivity tests, Comprehensive refraction test, color vision test, visual field test and EyeQue PVT and Insight.

Today, both objective and subjective eye examinations (measurements) are done by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. The process typically involves the patient needing to schedule an appointment, wait for the appointment, travel to the appointment location (such as an office or clinic), wait in line, use a variety of tools to perform multiple tests, and possibly work with different technicians and Jittering between different ophthalmologists creates longer wait times for patients to make appointments and queue up at appointment locations, as well as the hassle of patients getting tests with different professionals at times that can seem daunting to many patients. Additionally, the shearing effects associated with the process, or even the requirement to start from scratch, may prevent patients from undergoing traditional examinations.

Additionally, approximately 2.5 billion people currently have no access to eye and vision care at all, and the cost of eye examinations can be considered considerable, especially in certain parts of the world, such as third world countries, where the availability of eye care is a barrier. . Especially when eye and vision care requires regular inspections, the cost, time consumption, and perceived inconvenience of eye exams make it impossible to conduct repeated inspections. Some eye exams are necessary in special circumstances, such as after refractive or cataract surgery, where repeated measurements are needed to track the patient's condition over time and make the surgery successful. In addition, even under normal circumstances, measurements taken in the clinic represent only one point in time, and patients may be tired, stressed, or anxious (the doctor's diagnosis may be very stressful, but it is also possible that the above stress will Disappearing with each diagnosis and asking questions that raise the patient's stress levels) or simply being in a bad mood, or even the doctor's mindset may affect the way the diagnosis is made, so the situation in which the measurements are taken may not be optimal or completely representative of the patient. Symptoms. In addition to this, the time of day and environmental conditions, whether directly (e.g. light conditions) or indirectly (e.g. temperature), may also affect diagnosis and provide incomplete or erroneous information.

Due to the availability of information on the Internet (including specific medical information), people's increasing awareness of preventive medicine, and telemedicine allowing more people to control their own health, medical equipment used to screen, monitor and track physical conditions is now more and more popular. Very popular, such as blood pressure measuring devices and blood glucose monitors. With the rapid development of technology, medical devices allow people to diagnose, prevent and track various physical health conditions more accurately. In addition, many people are increasingly preferring no-appointment or other time-consuming visits, preferring to do so in the comfort of their own home. During these diagnoses and treatments, if an abnormality occurs, the medical equipment will call or send an email to the doctors so that the doctors can give professional suggestions and solutions, and the user can seek appropriate solutions.

Coupled with the advancement of technology, medical equipment can effectively integrate computers with screens and cameras (such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones), so that users can have medical devices that can calculate and display recorded information. equipment.

The measurement quality, accuracy and precision of the above-mentioned medical devices meet or exceed the standards of today's measurement methods, allowing users to perform ophthalmic measurements at home in a timely and cost-effective manner.

Furthermore, in the future, the above-mentioned medical equipment will be able to obtain a patient's complete history of access to examinations, tests and measurements through network data and analysis in the cloud, thus further enhancing this vision in this regard. In addition, artificial intelligence (AI) has the function of machine learning and analysis of big data, which can be combined with the above-mentioned medical equipment to achieve more perfection through data acquisition, neural network decision-making, and pattern detection and recognition (as some examples of AI functions) medical tracking.

Taken together, the future of eye and vision care in the near future will look like this: patients’ eyes paired with vision care and doctors working together to achieve a complete solution.

Through the combination of technology and medical equipment, medical equipment can realize disease diagnosis and remote and self-management.

Use AI for diagnostic analysis, tracking and reporting to connect large amounts of data and enhance insights.

To put it simply, for example: a person sits comfortably on the sofa at home, uses the above-mentioned medical equipment to perform various diagnostic measurements, uploads the diagnostic data to AI for analysis, and finally the AI notifies the doctor of the analysis results. Where necessary, AI will alert patients and doctors unless something serious goes wrong (such as surgery), otherwise the patient does not need to perform other actions, and all problems will be handled remotely. (For example, after an email/phone/video conference with the doctor, glasses can be ordered for delivery outside the home, and prescription drugs prescribed by the doctor can be delivered directly to the home.)

Although taking an obvious "direct-to-consumer" approach, there are models that can be applied to businesses and can be easily implemented in conjunction with the present invention. According to the implementation of this combination, there is a hierarchical system. For example, hospitals, medical associations or medical insurance companies provide doctors with the ability to provide such medical equipment and functions when treating patients. These medical equipment can all be used through the use of The user's account can be attached to one or more doctors, and the diagnosis can be transferred directly to the user's account (and possibly to the user's medical record). Transfer and Sharing.

In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide an instrument that can be attached to a smartphone by presenting an unobvious and unique method and combined configuration of components. The instrument is presented by lines or other marks generated by a smartphone, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of related technologies; when the user views the instrument and wants to adjust the displayed marks, the internal parts can be rotated through the instrument to adjust the settings at different rotations. The marks on the glasses are measured and the user’s glasses prescription is finally obtained. A wireless or Bluetooth interface may be used from a viewing scope device or other disclosed embodiments to control and change patterns presented on the phone's screen.

The present invention achieves this by using a colored lens, using an aspherical lens as a reducing lens, a new system of lenses closest to the smartphone screen, using a moving part, a gear driven by a stepper motor, a screen controlled with a Bluetooth interface, and as described herein The other components and systems described above overcome the shortcomings of previous related technologies. It also overcomes the limitations of gears and their related setting technology Inadequately, the gear set can accommodate the two lenses and the slit attached to the eye cup. The gear set can be driven by a stepper motor with a small gear on the output shaft. The output shaft can be provided on the gear set. Furthermore, Pinions and other components are driven by other devices, such as PCB motors.

Embodiments of the present invention may be described as refractive optical viewing glasses for viewing line patterns on smartphones. The disclosed refractive optical viewing scope may be approximately 100 mm in length and approximately 50 mm in radius, but the disclosed embodiments are not limited to any size. The element may consist of three lenses and two slits. For purposes of measuring spherical asymmetry in the optical component under test (where "optical component" may include the human eye), the slits and the upper lens element are positioned in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the device. Rotating at different angles, electrical components can include lithium-ion batteries, LEDs, PCB boards, Bluetooth interfaces, stepper motors, touch sensors, tactile motors and light sensors.

Disclosed embodiments of the invention may be attached to a smart screen surface using a variety of means, including micro-suction straps and/or loops or other brackets to align and secure the device to the phone.

The disclosed embodiments of the present invention can be interactively connected with a smart phone through the use of Bluetooth connection or other wireless communication methods. The user can adjust or change two parallel red colors in the smart phone display by touching multiple control items such as buttons. and the distance d between the green image. This control can move the red and green images closer or further away from each other, or rotate the image and advance the rotation slit to the next angle; when the user rotates the touch button to rotate the line on the screen, and also causes the on-device The rotating slit advances the same amount. The movement of the slit is accomplished by a stepper motor that cooperates with the slit. Each angular movement can be a 40-degree clockwise rotation.

When the touch button is pressed, the control items may generate tactile vibrations; when the touch button is touched, the user may sense slight vibrations from the tactile motor to provide user feedback. Control items are the same as It supports long touch and short touch commands. To avoid unexpected angle advancement, the control only performs rotation commands in response to long touches, and only performs rotation after the distance between patterns on the phone changes.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

100: Optical refraction system

1:Subject

2: Slit or gap

3: Motherboard

4:Battery

5:Bearing

6: Green lens

7:Red lens

8:Reset sensor

9:hook

10:On/off button

11:Charging board

111: Charging port

12: Eye cup

13:Touch button

131:Touchpad

14: Foam pad

15:Aspherical lens

151: Colored lens pair

152:AR coating

153:Aspherical lens surface

16:bring

17:Stepper motor

18:Gear

20: cover

21:Matrix

22:Human eye

23:Screen

200:Smartphone

300:Buckle

400:Visual tracker interface

Figure 1 presents an exploded view of an embodiment of the invention.

Figures 2a-h present schematic diagrams from different views of embodiments of the present invention.

Figures 3 a-e present schematic diagrams of the proposed embodiment of the invention attached to a smartphone via a universal rubber ring.

Figure 4 presents a functional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 presents a schematic diagram of the internal arrangement of an optical device in an embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 6a-6c a-c present schematic design diagrams of main components in the optical device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 presents a schematic diagram of ray tracing analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the screen display when the application is opened on a medium-sized smartphone.

Figure 9 presents a schematic flow chart of a measurement method in an embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 10a-b present schematic diagrams of images that a user can see when using the present invention.

Figure 11 presents a schematic diagram of the equipment used in testing and calibration using electric motors in an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 12 presents a schematic diagram of the setup used in the testing and correction of rotational features in the present invention.

Figure 13 presents a schematic diagram of a setup for using optical correction in an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 14 presents a schematic flow chart of the optical correction process in an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 15 presents a schematic diagram of another alternative arrangement for optical correction in an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 16 presents a schematic flowchart of an alternative correction process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. However, the invention may be embodied in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims and their equivalents, and in this description reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which like parts are designated by the like numerals throughout.

Unless otherwise stated in the specification or claims, all terms used in the specification and claims will have the meanings commonly assigned to these terms by those skilled in the art.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and the scope of the patent application, the words "include", "includes", etc. shall be understood as inclusive rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, as "including but not limited to” meaning. Words using the singular or plural number also include the plural or singular number respectively. Additionally, when used in this application, the words "herein," "above," "below," and words of similar import shall refer to this application as a whole and not to any particular portion of this application.

The above detailed description of embodiments of the invention is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Although specific embodiments of, and examples for, the invention are described above for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize. For example, although the steps are presented in a given order, alternative embodiments may perform routines with the steps in a different order. The teachings of the invention provided herein may be applied to other systems, not just the systems described herein. Various embodiments described herein may be combined to provide further embodiments. These and other changes may be made to the invention in light of the detailed description.

Any and all of the above references, as well as U.S. patents and applications, are incorporated herein by reference. If desired, aspects of the invention may be modified to employ the systems, functions, and concepts of the various patents and applications discussed above to provide yet further embodiments of the invention.

Referring to Figure 1 an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is shown in an exploded view. Markers indicate different components of the instrument. The components in the design can be divided into three main parts: the optics of a device (an aspherical lens (15), a green lens (6), a red lens (7) and a slit (2)), a device electronic components (a battery (4), a stepper motor (17), a tactile motor (19), a touch button (13), a sensor (8), a motherboard (3) and a charging board ( 11)) and a mechanical component (a cup (12), a cover (20), a bearing (5), a gear (18), a main body (1), a hook (9), a base (21), A micro suction tape (16), a foam pad (14) and an on/off button (10)).

Figures 2a-2h present schematic diagrams from different perspectives of the embodiments proposed by the present invention. The optical component typically enables measuring the refractive properties of the optical system, presenting an image to the user, in this embodiment, presenting the image to the user, and performing a refractive measurement on the user's eye. The electronic components allow the user to control various aspects of the invention, such as the angle of rotation of certain components within the instrument or certain aspects of the image presented, allowing for self-management of refractive measurements. Mechanical components hold the components together and move each component at the same time, in addition to performing the required system calibration.

A detailed description of the components and principles of the embodiment of the present invention is presented here: The optical component: the aspherical lens (15) is used to diffuse the smartphone screen image and provide a reduction factor to improve the system resolution, and its aspherical lens (15) is introduced body to reduce aberrations and distortions in the system, as spherical lenses can introduce enough aberrations and distortions that lines rendered on the display, although straight, appear to be curved to the user; the green lens (6) and The red lens(7) Used to scale and separate images based on different colors of transmission to prevent crosstalk between green and red lines displayed on the screen; this is the basis for measuring the refraction of the system under test using the reverse Shack-Hartman technique as light passes through the device Two different light paths are formed. ;This slit (2) is used to reduce the field of view of the image to allow only a portion of the light to pass through and to avoid crosstalk before the system under test is focused.

The electronic component: the battery (4) used to power the device and provide driving current to various electronic components, which can be considered as an alternative energy source; the stepper motor (17) used to control the color lens pair and the rotation angle of the slit ), you can select motion control items: PCB motor, servo motor, piezoelectric motor, voice coil; the tactile motor (19) is used to provide a response to the user as an indication of pressing one of the buttons; the touch button (13) is used to Control the device and touch the button to move the line closer or further and change the angle of rotation; the sensor (8) is used in conjunction with the counting step to determine the absolute angle of the colored lens pair and the slit, alternatively, a position sensor can be used , encoder (optical, magnetic or mechanical) to determine the absolute angle between the color lens pair and the slit; the motherboard (3) has the complete functions of the device, and includes (but is not limited to): quality indicators on the device, Motor controller, operating logic, firmware, Bluetooth connection to smartphone, button input; the charging board (11) includes a circuit to perform battery charging, a USB connector (11a) as an input power source for charging, battery power measurement and indicator, the on/off button (10) and the indicator LED. The disclosed embodiments may include a myriad of controls such as voice command controls and various device controls sometimes used by video gamers.

The mechanical component: the eye cup (12), which is used to allow the user to attach his eyes to the eye cup and protect the user's eyes from damage, and to also control the distance between the eye cup and the user's eyes, And calibrated to the correct distance required; the cover (20) has the company logo, the position of the button and covers the inside of the device away from the user, and also has considerable aesthetic features; the bearing (5) and the gear (18) Serves as a transmission device from the motor to the color lens pair and the slit to achieve the desired rotation angle Achieve appropriate resolution; the main body (1) and the base (21) are used to keep the optical device in place and align the optical components; the hook (9) is used to connect the device Rubber ring to smartphone; this micro-suction tape (16) is used to adhere the device to the smartphone screen without the use of chemical adhesives and prevent it from sliding and sliding so that it can remain on the screen Leaves no residue or traces; the foam pad (14) is used to isolate the touch button from the motherboard and press the touch button against the cover to create good touch sensitivity.

The instrument proposed by the invention can be attached to a display for presenting measurement images. As shown in Figures 3a to 3e, the display may be a smartphone. The device is attached to a smartphone using a universal rubber ring, through which the device can be attached to any smartphone. For example in Figure 1 the device has the feature (9) which allows the attachment of the rubber ring.

In embodiments of the invention, the electronic components work together to enable refractive measurements of the system under test to be performed. A functional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is presented in FIG. 4 . The left part represents the functional interface of the instrument proposed by the present invention, while the right part presents the smart phone interface. The device functions of the present invention include using a motor to physically rotate the color lens pair and the slit; the touch button controls the distance between the lines on the smartphone display and measures the rotation angle through the user interface; and the tactile touch button The electric motor provides the touch-button feedback to the user; the power or battery, controller and driver integrate the instrument's functionality via a Bluetooth connection to a smartphone. Smartphone functionality includes the display of the lines, the logic of the measurement program, the calculation of measurement indicators such as the number of glasses (spherical power, cylinder and axis), the WiFi/cellular cloud connection that allows these calculations to be done on the backend, and the operation The app’s processor and the Bluetooth connection to the device. The connection between the device of the present invention and the smartphone relays commands and information, including, for example, zero-degree resetting and rotational movement of the motor, wire movement, and battery level.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the internal arrangement of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention is presented. The light emitted from the display (screen) passes through a reducing lens (aspherical surface), which can be a negative refractive power lens (aspherical lens as shown in Figure 6a) or other divergent optical mechanism. The light then travels to a pair of colored lenses, one is a red lens (the bottom of the colored lens), which only allows red wavelengths to pass through and blocks all other wavelengths, and the other is a green lens (the top of the colored lens), which The lens allows only green wavelengths to pass through, preventing other colors from passing through. The optical device uses color/wavelength division so that different colors can appear on the display of the optical device through h different light paths in the system. The device is therefore based on a technical basis. As shown in Figure 6, the color lens pair is also based on the same technical basis, and the light passing through the color lens pair passes through two slits (the slits in Figure 5), and each slit corresponds to a lens. An example design of the slit is presented in Figure 6c. The slit is used to separate the images and prevent crosstalk before the red and green images enter the optical system under test. The slits are spaced to allow the red and green images to enter the eye. pupils. Figure 7 presents a ray trace analysis to illustrate the characteristics of the red lens (top of the colored lens) and green lens (bottom of the colored lens) on the display of an embodiment of the invention, and also presents a model of the human eye (human eye model) and the ray traces of the red and green images entering the human eye model.

In the application of the embodiment of the present invention, the image presented on the display is two lines, one red and one green. The image is oriented in the same direction as the color lens pair and the slit are rotated, and the distance between the two lines is used to determine the refractive power of the system under test. As shown in the embodiment presented in Figure 8, the image may be part of a smartphone application (app). As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention has a refractive measurement procedure. When a user connects the device to a smartphone via Bluetooth and begins a refractive measurement test, the device moves to the first position relative to the slit and colored lens, causing the red and green lines on the display of the smartphone to The lines are each relative to the slit and color lens pair. The user can then modify the distance between the lines by pressing one of two buttons on the device. As shown in Figure 10a, when users use the device on the display of their smartphone, they will see the image corresponding to the figure. As shown in Figure 10b, when the user modifies the distance to the device, the user can try to overlap the lines through the touch button. When starting with human eye measurements, edge detection is most obvious to the human eye and the color contrast between red and green, and therefore can be very accurate in most cases. For industrial systems, for example, using a camera, line-based center-of-mass detection or edge-detection-based image processing can determine when lines overlap, the user presses one of the device's buttons, and rotates the device to a specific angle. The distance between the lines is recorded, and the device then moves the motor to change the angle of the pair of colored lenses and the slit. The above process is repeated nine times (for example), and the results are used to calculate the prescription of the glasses. Other forms of calculations can also be performed on the backend, including, for example, averaging and bad measurement elimination. These analyzes can follow a simple curve-fitting algorithm to match the following formula: P = S + Csin ² ( a - θ )

where P is the measured refractive power (converted by correction from the primitive distance recorded for each rotation), S is the spherical power, C is the cylindrical power, a is the cylindrical axis, and θ are the different rotation angles .

Testing, verification and calibration of the disclosed embodiments are critical to correct, accurate, repeatable and reliable implementation of the invention. One aspect is the motor operation and the other aspect is the optical performance of the device.

As shown in Figure 11, in embodiments of the present invention the apparatus can be used to measure the repeatability and reliability of the electric motor. The motor is attached to a dial placed on a marked disk that corresponds to the acceptable angular tolerance for each measured angle of rotation, and the motor is then controlled to rotate between different angles to verify performance.

Again, Figure 11 presents a more general approach to including tolerances in the construction of embodiments of the present invention, such as rotating gearing and structural alignment of equipment. In this Figure 11, the measurement is not limited to motor performance, but looks at the device as a whole, and enables repeatability and reliability of the device's rotational characteristics through a holistic approach. The device (3) is placed in a special bracket (4) on a guide rail (5) that allows the device to be moved to a certain position and kept in this position by aligning baffles and magnets (6); its center (2) There is a cap with a magnet placed over the device instead of the slit; when the device is slid into its position, it is aligned under the magnetic encoder (1), rotate it using the device controls, and record the encoder reading , and then compare the recorded information to the equipment's tolerance specifications. The aforementioned methods and apparatus also include, for example, other alignment machines, other types of encoders and built-in encoders.

Optical schooling is exactly what is needed in embodiments of the invention. This optical correction enables mapping of measured properties to refractive index. As shown in Figure 8, for example, the measured characteristic is the distance between the lines in Figure 8 measured in primitives. For example, the refractive index is the spherical, cylindrical and axial ophthalmic correction factor values of the human eye. The correction setup as in Figure 13 allows for this mapping between the primitive distance of the two lines presented in Figure 8 and the equivalent spherical surface and equivalent corrected refractive power of the human eye. Therefore, the correction setup consists of keeping the smartphone (2 ) smartphone holder (1). The instrument (4) of the embodiment of the present invention is placed in a special bracket (3). The special bracket (3) ensures sturdiness, stability and repeatability when different devices are placed. A lens wheel with lenses of different refractive power values (5), for example 10 lenses ranging between -10D and 10D, connected to the camera lens (6) of the camera (7) can be adjusted to infinity. The system enables optimal viewing of smartphone images through the device, the lens wheel's lens and the camera lens on the camera, including parameters such as image quality, focus, angle alignment and more. Alternative setups may include mechanical changes and automation (such as lens wheels) built into this setup. As shown in Figure 14, when the correction program in this case: will bend A lens with optical power D is placed in the ray path of the lens wheel. The distance between the lines can be adjusted using an app on your smartphone until the lights overlap in the image captured by the camera.

Noam adds diopter equations to the system based on PPI, distance between lines, magnification factor, etc.

This can be accomplished by operator estimation or by image processing, which then records the lens power relative to the distance between the lines. Calculate the equivalent corrective power using a model, such as computer ray tracing software, repeat this process for all lenses in the lens wheel, plot the results as equivalent corrected power versus primitive distance between lines, then fit the curve to a polynomial . (For example, a second-order or fourth-order polynomial) The formula for a second-order polynomial is as follows: P = a ( d - d _{0 D} ) + b ( d - d _{0 D} ) ²

where P is the equivalent corrected refractive power, a is the linear coefficient, d is the distance between the center lines of the primitives, d0D is the distance between primitives for 0D or no lens, and b is the quadratic coefficient.

The PPI can then be used in a more general way for other smartphones according to the following formula:

Among them, PPI is used to measure every inch of the smartphone, and PPIref is used to correct every inch of the smartphone.

Noam has re-added text about the device and its overall performance. You can create a delta power formula based on the above equation and show the difference in resolution relative to PPI.

As shown in Figure 15, there is a correction setup for an embodiment of the present invention and an analogous alternative to the system under test, where a variable lens is implemented in the optics of the system. The rest of the correction system follows the description of Figure 13, a variable lens is a lens that can modify the focal length of the optic. In this embodiment, the variable lens may be a membrane containing a liquid, the change of which is controlled by the amount of liquid present in the exposed portion of the membrane in the optical path; the control mechanism may be piezoelectric, where a piston mechanism or similar mechanism controls the membrane The amount of liquid in it controls its shape. On the other hand, the control mechanism can be replaced by an electrostatic, same mechanism that can be used to change the shape of the lens, and thus its focal length. Another embodiment of the present invention may include a set of two lenses, where the distance between them can be adjusted by the following formula to control the effective focal length of the pair:

where f is the effective focal length of the pair, f1 and f2 are the focal lengths of the two lenses, and d is the distance between the lenses.

As shown in Figure 15, a variable lens is placed between the instrument of the embodiment of the invention and the camera focusing lens. In alternative embodiments, a variable lens can be placed between the camera lens and the camera. As shown in Figure 16, the correction program in this method. In this case, the first step can be to find the 0D primitive distance according to the same method as above, and place the lens in the light path. The refractive power of the variable lens can be adjusted through the camera and The measured lines are flush; at this point, remove the lens wheel's lens (maintaining the power of the variable lens) and align the lines using the controls on the device and app, then record the distance between the lines relative to the lens based on the lens wheel power distance, repeat this step for all lenses in the lens wheel, and continue the analysis using the same procedure as before.

In this same case, any smartphone PPI can be matched.

100: Optical refraction system

1:Subject

2: Slit or gap

3: Motherboard

4:Battery

5:Bearing

6: Green lens

7:Red lens

8:Reset sensor

9:hook

10:On/off button

11:Charging board

12: Eye cup

13:Touch button

14: Foam pad

15: Aspherical lens

16:bring

17:Stepper motor

18:Gear

20: cover

21:Matrix

Claims (23)

A system of automated personal visual trackers is an optical refractive system for obtaining optical equipment, which includes: a) a refractive optical viewing lens for observing patterns produced on a display of the equipment; b) an observation lens including a first lens mirror, the first lens is arranged in the end of the observation mirror closest to the display, the first lens includes an aspherical lens used as a reducing lens; c) an observation mirror including a second lens, the second lens is arranged At the end of the observation mirror closest to the optical device, the second lens includes a biconvex lens that transmits red light; d) An observation mirror including a third lens, the third lens is disposed at the end of the observation mirror closest to the optical device. At the end, the third lens includes a biconvex lens that transmits green light. The system of automated personal visual tracker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device used for the display of the optical refraction system is a smart phone. The system of automated personal vision tracker according to claim 1, further comprising a slit hole (2) disposed between the optical refraction system and the second lens and the third lens. The system of automated personal vision tracker as claimed in claim 3, further comprising an eye cup, the eye cup being arranged on a cover, the cover accommodating the first, second and third lenses and the narrow lens. slit holes. The system of automated personal visual tracker according to claim 4, further comprising a main body (1) housed in the cover, the main body being attached to a bearing (5) and a gear (18). A system for an automated personal visual tracker as described in claim 5, further comprising a motor having a pinion attached to the gear. The system of automated personal visual tracker as claimed in claim 6 further includes a sensor (8) electronically connected to the motherboard (3). The system of automated personal visual tracker according to claim 7, further comprising a plurality of touch buttons (13) electronically connected to the motherboard. A system for an automated personal vision tracker, an optical device adapted to be attached to a smartphone, comprising: a) a first lens for zooming out; b) a colored second lens and a colored third lens; and c) A slit element defining a first slit gap in the line of sight of the second lens, and a slit element defining a second slit gap in the line of sight of the third lens. The system of automated personal vision tracker according to claim 9, wherein the first, second and third lenses are installed in a lens interface, and wherein the lens interface is accommodated in a spur gear. The system of automated personal visual tracker according to claim 10, wherein the slit member is disposed above the spur gear. The system of automated personal visual tracker as claimed in claim 11, wherein the electric motor is gearedly connected to the spur gear. The system of automated personal visual tracker as claimed in claim 12, further comprising a housing housing the first, second and third lenses, spur gears and slit members. The system of automated personal visual tracker as claimed in claim 13, further comprising a user control item disposed on the outer surface of the housing, the user control The item allows the user to control the motor to rotate the slit member and the second and third lenses to align the image presented by the screen of the smartphone. A system for automated personal visual tracking as described in claim 14, further comprising a sensor. A method for automating a personal vision tracker is a method of using an optical device and a personal electronic device to measure a user's refractive error. The method includes the following steps: a) positioning the optical device above the screen of the personal electronic device; b) using the screen of the personal electronic device to depict the first and second images; c) placing a lens set within the optical device, wherein the lenses are between the screen of the personal electronic device and the user, the lens set including A first lens with a reduction function, a colored second lens and a colored third lens; d) using a slit member to align the first slit gap with the second lens and align the second slit gap with the third lens Three-lens alignment; e) Use the user's perception to control the system to align the first and second images drawn on the screen of the personal electronic device to generate an alignment position adjusted by the user; f) The correction of the refractive error is derived from the user-generated alignment position. The method for automating a personal visual tracker as described in claim 16, further comprising the steps of rotating the first image and the second image displayed on the screen and using a motor and a user control system to enable the user to The slit member, the second lens and the third lens are rotated to align with different axes and positions of the image, and their refractive error data is obtained from the alignment positions generated by the user. A method for automating a personal visual tracker is a method using an optical viewing glass in communication with a personal electronic device, the method comprising the steps of: a) using a control of the optical viewing glass to control the rotation of a frame, the frame including a slit member, a second lens for transmitting red light, and a third lens for transmitting green light; b) using an electronic device to project two images to a remote end of a personal electronic device; c) using optical The control items of the observation mirror are used to control the calibration of the two images on the personal electronic device; d) the personal electronic device is used to record the rotation information of the user's adjustment frame and the data of the calibration of the two images. The method for automating a personal visual tracker as described in claim 18, further comprising the step of using the personal electronic device to connect to a remote server to transmit the user's calibration data. A method for an automated personal vision tracker as claimed in claim 19, wherein user calibration data can be used in the calculation of refractive error. An automated personal visual tracker system is an optical device system used for personal electronic device communication. The system includes: a) a wireless transmission channel between the personal electronic device and the optical device; b) the optical device, wherein the frame includes A lens group including a first lens for reducing, a second lens for transmitting red light, and a third lens for transmitting green light; c) the optical device further includes a housing, the housing includes Control item, the control item communicates with the frame; d) viewing through the optical device, the lens group inside it will display two images on the personal electronic device; e) When the user uses the optical device to calibrate the image of the personal electronic device, the frame can be controlled through the control item and the frame rotation information is recorded; f) The personal electronic device can record the frame rotation and image calibration data Calculate the user's refractive error. The system of automated personal visual tracker as described in request 21, further comprising transmitting user data to a remote server through a personal electronic device. A system for an automated personal vision tracker as described in claim 22, wherein the remote server is capable of calculating and storing a user's refractive error correction.