TWI832580B - Positioning pin fixed to bone - Google Patents

Abstract

A positioning pin fixed to a bone includes: a positioning pin body, which has an axial direction, and includes a front end, a rear end and an outer surface, wherein the front end of the positioning pin body is used to be fixed on the bone, and the outer surface is provided with a first surface feature; and a sleeve assembly sleeved outside the positioning pin body and including a tightening end and an inner surface, wherein the tightening end of the sleeve assembly is also used to be fixed to the bone, the inner surface is provided with a second surface feature, and the second surface feature cooperates with the first surface feature to restrict the rotation of the sleeve assembly relative to the positioning pin body; and a pressing member is combined with the rear end of the positioning pin body, wherein the pressing member is used to push the sleeve assembly to slide axially toward the bone relative to the positioning nail body, and the tightening end of the sleeve assembly is pressed tightly against the bone.

Description

Positioning pin fixed to bone

The present invention relates to a positioning nail fixed to a bone and a fixing method thereof, and in particular to a positioning nail that can enhance the stability of the fixation to the bone.

With the advancement of medical technology, minimally invasive surgery has the advantages of smaller wounds and shorter postoperative recovery time for patients. In recent years, minimally invasive surgery has gradually become a mainstream surgery, but the limited field of view during surgery often causes doctors to encounter troubles during many surgeries. Therefore, some manufacturers have developed surgical navigation systems that allow doctors to know the precise location of instruments within the body during surgery, making the surgery safer.

Optical surgical navigation technology is the most widely used surgical navigation technology. Adhesive marking points are less invasive and simpler to operate than relative mechanical fixation devices, and are more accurate than anatomical markings and are widely used. Optical navigation tracks and locates marking points on the patient and surgical tools. Before surgery, the marker points and lesion locations are determined through preoperative three-dimensional medical images; during the operation, the optical surgical navigation uses the positioning system to track the marker points on the patient's body, instantly obtain the patient's posture, and register it with the preoperative three-dimensional medical images to convert it displayed in the image coordinate system.

The patent document (TW Publication No.: I736402) discloses a fixation device for surgical navigation marking elements, which is used to set at least one marking element on a first positioning pin and a second positioning needle that have been inserted into a body (such as a bone). Positioning needle to facilitate medical staff to operate a surgical navigation instrument for surgery, the fixed device The device includes a retractable base, a bracket set and at least one pivot component, the marking element is coupled to the bracket set, the bracket set is coupled to the base, the pivot component is coupled to the first positioning pin, and the The pivot member is pivotally connected to the base, and through the retractability of the base, the fixing device can be combined with the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin inserted on the body at different angles.

However, the fixing device in this patent document mainly uses multiple components for coordination and fixation. The structure is relatively complex and requires two positioning nails.

Therefore, there is a need to provide a positioning nail fixed on the bone that can solve the aforementioned problems.

One object of the present invention is to provide a positioning nail fixed on the bone, which can constrain the rotation of the sleeve assembly relative to the positioning nail body.

According to the above purpose, the present invention provides a positioning nail fixed to the bone, including: a positioning nail body having an axial direction and including a front end, a rear end and an outer surface, wherein the front end of the positioning nail body is To be fixed to the bone, and the outer surface is provided with a first surface feature; a sleeve component is sleeved outside the positioning nail body and includes a tightening end and an inner surface, wherein the tightening end of the sleeve component The end is also used to be fixed to the bone, the inner surface is provided with a second surface feature, and the second surface feature cooperates with the first surface feature to constrain the rotation of the sleeve component relative to the positioning nail body; and a The pressing member is combined with the rear end of the positioning nail body, wherein the pressing member is used to push the sleeve assembly to slide axially in the direction of the bone relative to the positioning nail body, and the tightening end of the sleeve assembly Press firmly on that bone.

The invention further provides a method for fixing a positioning nail, which includes the following steps: fixing a front end of a positioning nail body to a bone, wherein the positioning nail body has an axial direction, and an outer surface of the positioning nail body is provided with a first A surface feature; a sleeve component is fitted outside the positioning nail body, wherein an inner surface of the sleeve component is provided with a second surface feature, and the second surface feature cooperates with the first surface feature; whereby The second surface feature and the first surface feature cooperate to move the sleeve component relative to the positioning nail body along the axial direction to contact the bone, and constrain the rotation of the sleeve component relative to the positioning nail body; and A pressing member is combined with a rear end of the positioning nail body, whereby the pressing member pushes the sleeve assembly to slide axially in the direction of the bone relative to the positioning nail body, and tightens a tightening end of the sleeve assembly Press firmly on that bone.

The positioning nail fixed to the bone of the present invention has the following advantages: First, the wound is small: the total diameter of the positioning nail body plus the sleeve assembly is less than 10 mm, and the screw thread at the front end of the positioning nail body is drilled by rotation. It is fixed on the bone (such as the spinal process), so the wound is much smaller than the traditional method, and the patient heals faster. Second, the structure is simple: it is mainly composed of the positioning nail body and the sleeve assembly, which can lock the identification mark (tracking ball). Compared with the traditional instrument mechanism, it is much simpler and the production cost is also cheaper. Third, strengthen the fixation: The annular end surface of the tightening end of the sleeve component is provided with a concave and convex structural feature (such as a serrated feature) to strengthen the fixation on the bone (such as the spinal process).

1: Positioning nail

11: Positioning nail body

11a:Front end

11b: Backend

112:Outer surface

113: First surface features

113a: plane

114:Thread characteristics

115:Thread characteristics

115a: Plane

12:Sleeve assembly

121:Tight end

1210: Ring end face

1211: Concave and convex structural characteristics

1212:jagged

1213:Micropyramid shape

122:Inner surface

123: Second surface features

20: Positioning nail

20a: Identification marking device

21: Press firmware

21a:Identification mark

30:bones

S10: Steps

S20: Steps

S30: Steps

AX: axial

Figure 1a is an exploded perspective view of a positioning nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 1b is an assembled perspective view of a positioning nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 1c is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning nail body along the section line C-C in Figure 1b.

Figure 2a is a schematic three-dimensional view of the positioning nail body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2b is a schematic three-dimensional view of the positioning nail body according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2c is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning nail body along the section line A-A in Figure 2a.

Figure 3a is a schematic three-dimensional view of a sleeve assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve assembly along line B-B in Figure 3a.

4 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a micro-pyramid arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5a is an exploded perspective view of a positioning nail according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5b is an assembled perspective view of a positioning nail according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional view of multiple identification mark devices fixed on bones according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a flow chart of a method for fixing positioning nails according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and characteristics of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the relevant embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows with reference to the drawings.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The accompanying drawings are mainly simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, only elements related to the present invention are marked in these drawings. , and the components shown are not drawn based on the number, shape, size ratio, etc. of the actual implementation. The actual implementation specifications and sizes are actually a selective design, and the component layout may be more complex.

Figure 1a is an exploded perspective view of a positioning nail according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1b is an assembled perspective view of a positioning nail according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1c is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning nail body along the section line C-C in Figure 1b. Figure 2a is a schematic three-dimensional view of the positioning nail body according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2b is a schematic three-dimensional view of the positioning nail body according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2c is a cross-section along Figure 2a Schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning nail body along line A-A. Figure 3a is a schematic three-dimensional view of a sleeve assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve assembly along line B-B in Figure 3a. Please refer to Figures 1a to 1c and Figures 2a and 2c. The positioning nail 1 includes: a positioning nail body 11 and a sleeve assembly 12. The positioning nail body 11 has an axial direction AX, and includes a front end 11a, a rear end 11b and an outer surface 112, wherein the front end 11a is used to be fixed on the bone (such as the spinous process, not shown), and the outer surface 112 The surface 112 is provided with a first surface feature 113 (for example, including a flat surface 113a to facilitate the alignment and insertion of the sleeve assembly 12). For example, the positioning nail body 11 is cylindrical, and the front end 11a and the rear end 11b each have screw features 114 and 115. The screw features 114 of the front end 11a are used to drill into the bone and fix on the spinous process. The thread feature 115 of the rear end 11b is used for assembly and combination with a pressing member (not shown). The diameter of the positioning nail body 11 is about 3~10mm, and the length is about 50~150mm. The positioning nail body 11 can be made by mechanical processing, and the material is a metal material that is compatible with the human body, or a ceramic material. Please refer to Figure 2b. The thread feature 115 of the rear end 11b further has a flat surface 115a. The flat surface 115a is connected to the flat surface 113a of the first surface feature 113 to facilitate the alignment and insertion of the sleeve assembly 12.

Please refer to Figures 1a to 1c and 3a to 3b. The sleeve component 12 is fitted outside the positioning nail body 11 and includes a tightening end 121 and an inner surface 122. The tightening end 121 is also used to Fixed to the bone, the inner surface 122 is provided with a second surface feature 123 (for example, a planar shape), and the second surface feature 123 cooperates with the first surface feature 113, whereby the sleeve component 12 can be positioned relative to the bone. The positioning nail body 11 moves along the axis AX and restricts the rotation of the sleeve assembly 12 relative to the positioning nail body 11 . For example, the sleeve assembly 12 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and its hollow portion has two planes. The two planes (i.e., the second surface features 123) and the two planes on both sides of the positioning nail body (i.e., the first surface features 113) During assembly and use, ensure that the sleeve assembly 12 will not rotate relative to the positioning nail body 11 . The diameter of the sleeve component 12 is about 5~20mm, and the length is about 40~150mm. The sleeve component 12 can also be made by mechanical processing, and the material is Metal materials that are compatible with the human body, and ceramic materials can also be used. In this embodiment, the second surface feature 123 and the first surface feature 113 cooperate with each other in a plane contacting plane manner. In another embodiment, the second surface feature 123 and the first surface feature 113 cooperate with each other in the form of axially arranged slide blocks and slide rails.

Please refer to Figure 3a again. The tightening end 121 of the sleeve component 12 has an annular end surface 1210, and the annular end surface 1210 is provided with a concave and convex structural feature 1211. The concave and convex structural features 1211 are arranged in a zigzag shape 1212 or a micro pyramid shape 1213 (as shown in Figure 4). For example, the sleeve component 12 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the tightening end 121 of the sleeve component 12 has a serrated feature for tightening the spinal process, thereby strengthening the fixation of the positioning nail 1 to the bone.

Figure 5a is an exploded perspective view of a positioning nail according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5b is an assembled perspective view of a positioning nail according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional view of multiple identification mark devices fixed on bones according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 5a ~ Figure 5b and Figure 6. The positioning nail 20 further includes: a pressing member 21, which is combined with the rear end 11b of the positioning nail body. In the process of tightening the pressing member 21, the pressing member 21 is The fastener 21 pushes the sleeve assembly 12 to slide axially in the direction of the bone relative to the positioning nail body 11 , and the tightening end 121 of the sleeve assembly 12 is pressed against the bone 30 . In other embodiments, during the process of engaging or gluing the pressing member 21, the pressing member 21 can push the sleeve assembly 12 to slide axially in the direction of the bone relative to the positioning nail body 11, and The pressing end 121 of the sleeve assembly 12 is pressed against the bone 30 . When the holding member 21 is an identification mark 21a (such as a tracking ball), the positioning nail 20 is an identification mark device 20a (for example, the identification mark 21a is screwed to the rear end 11b of the positioning nail body 11), and is to be fixed on the bone 30 (i.e., the surgical site). The identification mark device of the present invention mainly provides specific surgical navigation system identification for use through the characteristic coordinate information on the surface of the identification mark. For example, at least 3 tables of the identification mark can be obtained in any direction. The characteristic coordinate information of the surface can be effectively calculated to avoid losing position information. By using the recognition software to know the coordinate points and instrument design information, the tip information can be obtained, and the direction of the instrument entering the surgical site can be known externally during the operation.

Figure 7 is a flow chart of a method for fixing positioning nails according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fixing method of the positioning nail includes the following steps: In step S10, a front end of a positioning nail body is fixed to a bone, wherein the positioning nail body has an axial direction, and an outer surface of the positioning nail body is provided with an First surface features.

In step S20, a sleeve assembly is fitted outside the positioning nail body, wherein an inner surface of the sleeve assembly is provided with a second surface feature, and the second surface feature cooperates with the first surface feature. The second surface feature and the first surface feature cooperate with each other in a way that a plane contacts a plane or an axially arranged slider contacts a slide rail.

In step S30, by cooperating with the second surface feature and the first surface feature, the sleeve component is moved along the axial direction relative to the positioning nail body to abut the bone, and constrains the sleeve component relative to the positioning The rotation of the nail body.

In step S40, a pressing member is coupled to a rear end of the positioning nail body, whereby during the process of tightening the pressing member, the pressing member pushes the sleeve assembly relative to the positioning nail body toward the bone. Slide axially in the direction, and press a tightening end of the sleeve assembly against the bone. The tightening end has an annular end surface, and the annular end surface is provided with a concave and convex structural feature.

For example, when the holding member is an identification mark (such as a tracking ball), the positioning pin is an identification mark device. The method of use of the identification marking device is as follows: the doctor first confirms the position of the patient's spinal process, cuts the wound, uses a pre-positioned instrument to perforate and break the bone, and then uses an auxiliary instrument to screw the positioning nail body into the spinal process to confirm that the positioning nail body is stable Then, the sleeve assembly is fitted on the positioning nail body and assembled on the vertebral process. , and finally screw the identification mark into the rear end of the positioning nail body. Because the length of the positioning nail body and the sleeve component is controlled in the design, the sleeve component can be tightened on the vertebral process by screwing in the identification mark, and the positioning nail can be tightened through the serrated features of the tightening end of the sleeve component. It is more stable and reduces the phenomenon of rotation and loosening of the positioning pin.

The positioning nail fixed to the bone of the present invention has the following advantages: First, the wound is small: the total diameter of the positioning nail body plus the sleeve assembly is less than 10 mm, and the screw thread at the front end of the positioning nail body is drilled by rotation. It is fixed on the bone (such as the spinal process), so the wound is much smaller than the traditional method, and the patient heals faster. Second, the structure is simple: it is mainly composed of the positioning nail body and the sleeve assembly, which can lock the identification mark (tracking ball). Compared with the traditional instrument mechanism, it is much simpler and the production cost is also cheaper. Third, strengthen the fixation: The annular end surface of the tightening end of the sleeve component is provided with a concave and convex structural feature (such as a serrated feature) to strengthen the fixation on the bone (such as the spinal process).

To sum up, the above descriptions only describe the preferred implementation modes or examples of the technical means used to solve the problems of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent implementation of the present invention. That is to say, all changes and modifications that are consistent with the literal meaning of the patent application scope of the present invention, or are made in accordance with the patent scope of the present invention, are covered by the patent scope of the present invention.

1: Positioning nail

11: Positioning nail body

12:Sleeve assembly

Claims (6)

A positioning nail fixed to a bone, including: a positioning nail body having an axial direction and including a front end, a rear end and an outer surface, wherein the front end of the positioning nail body is used to be fixed to the bone, and the The outer surface is provided with a first surface feature; and a sleeve component is fitted outside the positioning nail body and includes a tightening end and an inner surface, wherein the tightening end of the sleeve component is also used to be fixed on the positioning nail body. Bone, the inner surface is provided with a second surface feature, and the second surface feature cooperates with the first surface feature to constrain the rotation of the sleeve component relative to the positioning nail body; and a pressing member combined with the positioning nail The rear end of the nail body, wherein the pressing member is used to push the sleeve assembly to slide axially in the direction of the bone relative to the positioning nail body, and the pressing end of the sleeve assembly is pressed against the bone. The positioning nail fixed to the bone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second surface feature and the first surface feature cooperate with each other in a plane contacting plane, or the second surface feature and the first surface feature are axially aligned with each other. The configuration of the slider and slide rail matches each other. The positioning nail fixed to the bone according to claim 1, wherein the rear end has a thread feature, and a plane of the thread feature is connected to a plane of the first surface feature. The positioning nail fixed to the bone as described in claim 1, wherein the tightening end of the sleeve component has an annular end surface, and the annular end surface is provided with a concave and convex structural feature. The positioning nail fixed to the bone as described in claim 4, wherein the concave and convex structural features are a zigzag annular arrangement or a micro-pyramid array arrangement. The positioning nail fixed on the bone according to claim 1, wherein the pressing member is an identification mark, and the positioning nail is an identification mark device.