TWI822148B - Wireless communication antenna for wearable device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a wireless communication antenna of a wearable device. The wearable device has a casing for accommodating the wireless communication antenna. The wireless communication antenna includes: a first carrier board, a first control unit, a second carrier board and a second control unit. The first carrier board is provided with a SUB-6G mid-low frequency antenna with a closed curve shape. The second carrier board is provided with a millimeter-wave band antenna, and is connected to the first carrier board by a combination means. The millimeter-wave band antenna is composed of a plurality of second-band antennas, and the second-band antennas are adjacent to each other. And form a conical slot antenna, the second frequency band antenna is controlled by a switch unit. The first control unit controls the antenna of the first frequency band to output to a first frequency band by controlling a plurality of switch terminals at the equally divided positions of the antenna to form different arrangements and combinations. The second control unit controls a plurality of the switch units to form different arrangements, and controls the plurality of the second frequency band antennas to output to a second frequency band.

Description

Wireless communication antennas for wearable devices

The present invention relates to a wireless communication antenna, and in particular to a wireless communication antenna used in wearable devices.

Smart devices are one of the most popular products currently, and most people cannot escape the convenience that various smart devices bring to their lives. In addition to smart phones and tablets with multiple functions, wearable electronic devices such as small smart watches and bracelets are also important market trends. With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the new generation of mobile communication technology has developed to the fifth generation (5th generation mobile network, 5G). Wireless communication technology has developed to this day, and its communication technology standards have evolved from the original 2G and 3G to the current universal 4G, and even 5G, which is about to be realized and popularized.

As various wearable electronic devices have been widely used in daily life, these wearable electronic devices have the advantages of low power consumption, portability, and high performance, and must also support wireless network transmission. Many home-type simple medical devices or wearable physiological sensing devices have emerged as a result, which can be used for medical care and physiological monitoring of the elderly, or for physiological states such as breathing, heartbeat, exercise posture, or caloric consumption during exercise. sensing.

Since the internal space of wearable devices is very small, and when 5G wearable electronic devices need to be used in different frequency bands around the world, the antennas of the 5G wearable electronic devices must meet the requirements of being usable in different frequency bands around the world. Therefore, how to load it with an antenna for wireless communications will become a major challenge for related industries in designing antennas.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication antenna for a wearable device. By combining the SUB-6G mid-low frequency band antenna and the millimeter wave band antenna, the antenna can be used in more frequency bands and can simultaneously receive Taking into account signal transmission and reception in multiple directions, it can be used in wearable devices to make the transmission more flexible.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication antenna for a wearable device, which supports multi-directionality and operating frequency bands by providing both a SUB-6G mid-low frequency band antenna and a millimeter wave band antenna on the wearable device to enhance the efficiency of the wearable device. The signal reception efficiency achieves faster response speed.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wireless communication antenna for a wearable device. The wearable device has a housing. The wireless communication antenna includes: a first carrier board, a first control unit, and a second carrier board. board and a second control unit. The first carrier board is located in the housing. One side of the first carrier board further includes a first frequency band antenna, a feed terminal and a plurality of switch terminals. The first frequency band antenna is in a closed curve shape. The feed terminal The input terminal and the plurality of switch terminals are respectively located at equally divided positions corresponding to the first frequency band antenna, and the switch terminals can be operated as a path or a short circuit. The first control unit is electrically connected to the feed terminal and a plurality of switch terminals respectively, and controls the first frequency band antenna output by controlling the switch terminal to be a path or a short circuit, so that the switch terminals form different arrangements and combinations. to a first band.

The second carrier board is located in the housing and is connected to the first carrier board by a combination means. The second carrier board further includes: a feed shaft, a plurality of second frequency band antennas and a plurality of switch units. . The feed shaft portion is located on one side of the second carrier plate. A plurality of second frequency band antennas are located on the other side of the second carrier board. The second frequency band antenna has a channel and two antenna bodies. The two second frequency band antennas are adjacent to each other and are separated by a gap. The antennas The antenna body and the adjacent antenna body form a tapered slot antenna (Vivaldi Antenna), and the two ends of the channel are respectively connected to the feed shaft and the antenna body. The switch unit is located on the channel and can be operated as a path or a short circuit. The second control unit is electrically connected to the feed shaft and a plurality of the switch units respectively. By controlling the switch unit to operate as a path or a short circuit, the plurality of switch units form different arrangements and combinations, thereby controlling the plurality of second control units. The frequency band antenna outputs to a second frequency band.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the closed curve shape is a ring shape or a square ring shape.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first carrier plate has a circular shape, the first carrier plate is an epoxy glass cloth laminate, conforming to flame-resistant material grade FR4, and the thickness of the first carrier plate is 0.8 millimeters (mm); the second carrier board is a circular shape, the second carrier board is a Rogers 5880 high-frequency board, made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber reinforced material, and the second carrier board The board thickness is 0.254 millimeters (mm).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first frequency band is below 6 gigahertz (GHz), and the second frequency band is above 24 gigahertz (GHz).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switch terminal is a phase-shifted switching diode (PIN type diode), and the switching unit is a diode.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the housing further includes a side ring seat and two covers, the two covers are respectively connected to two sides of the side ring seat, and the first carrier plate is adjacent to the cover , and the second carrier plate is adjacent to the other cover, the first carrier plate and the second carrier plate are separated by a distance along an axial direction, and the coupling means is a plurality of plates extending in the axial direction Connected, the positions of the plurality of plates correspond to the equally divided positions of the first frequency band antenna, and the plate is adjacent to the inner edge of the side ring seat.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed shaft portion has an annular shape.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antenna body is in a rectangular wave shape.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first carrier plate has an annular shape, the second carrier plate is located at a hollow position of the first carrier plate, and the first carrier plate and the second carrier plate are located on the same plane. Above, the combination means is one-piece molding or gluing.

The following disclosure provides different embodiments or examples to achieve different features of the provided subject matter. The specific examples of components and arrangements described below are for simplifying the present disclosure and are not intended to be limiting; the size and shape of the components are not limited by the disclosed range or numerical value, but may depend on the process conditions of the components or the required requirements. characteristic. For example, cross-sectional views are used to describe the technical features of the present invention, and these cross-sectional views are schematic diagrams of idealized embodiments. Therefore, variations in the shapes shown in the illustrations due to manufacturing processes and/or tolerances are to be expected and should not be limited thereby.

First, please refer to Figures 1 to 6, which are respectively a three-dimensional structure decomposition and a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure assembly during testing, as well as several first carrier boards and second carrier boards of the preferred embodiment of the wireless communication antenna of the wearable device of the present invention. A schematic top view of the structure of the preferred embodiment, and a schematic top view of the structure of another preferred embodiment of the wireless communication antenna of the present invention. The present invention provides a wireless communication antenna 1. The wireless communication antenna 1 is used on a wearable device 2. The wearable device 2 has a housing 21. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wearable device 2 is a watch. The housing 21 further includes a side ring seat 211 and two covers 212 and 213. The two covers 212 and 213 are respectively connected to two sides of the side ring seat 211.

The wireless communication antenna 1 of the present invention includes: a first carrier board 11, a first control unit 13, a second carrier board 12 and a second control unit 14. The first carrier plate 11 is located in the casing 21. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first carrier plate 11 is in a circular shape. The first carrier plate 11 is an epoxy glass cloth laminate, which complies with the requirements of flame resistance. The material grade is FR4, and the thickness of the first carrier board 11 is 0.8 millimeters (mm), which is optimal. One side 111 of the first carrier board 11 further includes a first frequency band antenna 112, a feed terminal 113 and a plurality of switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, 114g. The first frequency band antenna 112 is in the shape of a closed curve. The feed terminal 113 and the plurality of switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, and 114g are respectively located at equally divided positions corresponding to the first frequency band antenna 112. The switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, and 114g are phase-shifted switching diodes (PIN type diodes), which can operate as a path or a short circuit. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first frequency band antenna 112 is in a ring shape and has eight equally divided positions, one of which is the feed end 113, and the other seven are the switch ends 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, 114g. Of course, the first frequency band antenna 112a can also be designed in a square ring shape as shown in Figure 4. The first control unit 13 is electrically connected to the feed terminal 113 and a plurality of the switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, 114g.

The second carrier plate 12 is located in the housing 21 and is connected to the first carrier plate 11 by a coupling means. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second carrier plate 12 is in a circular shape. The second carrier board 12 is a Rogers 5880 high-frequency board made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber reinforced material, and the thickness of the second carrier board 12 is 0.254 mm. The second carrier board 12 further includes: a feed shaft portion 121, a plurality of second frequency band antennas 122, and a plurality of switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, and 123d. The feed shaft portion 121 is located on one side 124 of the second carrier plate 12 , and the feed shaft portion 121 has an annular shape. A plurality of second frequency band antennas 122 are located on the other side 125 of the second carrier board 12. The second frequency band antenna 122 has a channel 1221 and two antenna bodies 1222 and 1223. The antenna bodies 1222 and 1223 are rectangular waveforms. shape. The two second frequency band antennas 122 are adjacent to each other and are separated by a gap s. The antenna body 1222 and the other adjacent antenna body 1223 form a tapered slot antenna (Vivaldi Antenna) 126. Two ends of the channel 1221 are connected to the feed shaft 121 and the antenna body 1223 respectively. The switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, and 123d are located on the channel 1221. The switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, and 123d are diodes (please refer to FIG. 34) and can be operated as a path or a short circuit. The second control unit 14 is electrically connected to the feed shaft part 121 and a plurality of the switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, 123d respectively.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first carrier plate 11 is adjacent to the cover 212, and the second carrier plate 12 is adjacent to the other cover 213. The first carrier plate 11 and the second carrier plate 12 A distance d is apart along an axial direction 91. The coupling means is to connect a plurality of plates 15 extending in the axial direction 91. The positions of the plurality of plates 15 are respectively at equally divided positions with the first frequency band antenna 112. Correspondingly, the plate body 15 is adjacent to the inner edge of the side ring seat 211 . The outer edge of the side ring seat 211 has two slots 2111, and the slots 2111 provide a first measuring component 31 to enter to measure the first frequency band antenna 112. The cover 213 has an opening 2131, and the opening 2131 allows a second measuring component 32 to enter to measure the output combinations of a plurality of second frequency band antennas 122.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the first carrier plate 11a is in an annular shape, the second carrier plate 12a is located at a hollow position of the first carrier plate 11a, and the first carrier plate 11a is in a hollow position. The board 11a and the second carrier board 12a are located on the same plane, and the coupling means is integral molding or gluing.

Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , which is a comparison table of preferred combination codes of multiple switch terminals of the present invention, as well as a comparison table of combination codes and covered frequency ranges. The first control unit 13 is electrically connected to the feed terminal 113 and a plurality of the switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, 114g, by controlling the switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f and 114g act as paths or short circuits, causing a plurality of switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, and 114g to form different arrangements and combinations to control the first frequency band antenna 112 to output to a first frequency band. One frequency band is below 6 gigahertz (GHz). Since there are 7 switch terminals 114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, and 114g, a total of 128 frequency band combinations can be generated to the power of 2 to the 7th power. Among them, 18 groups were tested as better frequency band combinations, and Corresponding applicable frequency range.

Please refer to Figures 9 to 33, which are schematic diagrams of frequency simulations of return loss corresponding to combination codes 000, 004, 007, 030, and 043 of the present invention, frequency simulation diagrams of gain and efficiency, and X-Y, Schematic diagram. Judging from the performance of the above combination codes 000, 004, 007, 030, and 043, all return losses at least one frequency below 6 gigahertz (GHz) will be lower than the standard -10dB, and all planar radiation fields In the schematic diagram, almost all of them are close to the shape of a continuous curved surface, and there are not many radiation dead spots.

Please refer to FIG. 34 and FIG. 35 , which are partially enlarged schematic diagrams of part C in FIG. 5A of the present invention, and a comparison table of preferred combination codes of a plurality of switch units. The second control unit 14 is electrically connected to the feed shaft part 121 and a plurality of the switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, 123d, and controls the switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, 123d to operate as a path or a short circuit, so that a plurality of switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, 123d are connected. The switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, and 123d form different arrangements and combinations to control a plurality of second frequency band antennas 122 to output to a second frequency band. The second frequency band is above 24 gigahertz (GHz). Since there are four switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, and 123d above, a total of 16 frequency band combinations can be generated to the 4th power of 2. In the test, only mode 1 is used to turn on a single switch unit 123a, and mode 2 is used to turn on two adjacent ones. Switch units 123a, 123b, mode 3 turns on two non-adjacent switch units 123a, 123c, mode 4 turns on three adjacent switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, and mode 5 turns on all the switch units 123a, 123b, 123c, 123d. .

Please refer to Figures 36 to 44, which are schematic diagrams of simulations of return loss corresponding to frequencies 20-50 and 35-41 gigahertz, and simulations of efficiency and gain corresponding to frequency 35-41 gigahertz of the present invention in modes 1 to 5. Schematic diagram, and schematic diagram of simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern from Mode 1 to Mode 5. Judging from the performance of modes 1 to 5 above, all return losses at frequencies between 35 and 41 gigahertz (GHz) are almost below the standard -10dB, and in the X-Y plane radiation field pattern diagram, mode 5 for the best.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

1: Wireless communication antenna

11, 11a: first carrier board

111:Side

112: First band antenna

113: Feed end

114a, 114b, 114c, 114d, 114e, 114f, 114g: switch terminal

12, 12a: Second carrier board

121:Feed shaft

122: Second frequency band antenna

1221:Channel

1222, 1223: Antenna body

123a, 123b, 123c, 123d: switch unit

124, 125: Side

126:Tapered slot antenna

13:First control unit

14: Second control unit

2: Wearable devices

21: Shell

211: Side ring seat

2111: Grooving

212, 213: Cover

2131:Opening

31: First measuring piece

32: Second measuring piece

91: Axial direction

d: distance

s: gap

Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a preferred embodiment of a wireless communication antenna for a wearable device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure combination during testing of the preferred embodiment of the wireless communication antenna of the wearable device of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the first carrier board according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a top view of another preferred embodiment of the first carrier board of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a schematic top view of the structure of the second carrier board according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5B is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 5A. FIG. 5C is a schematic bottom view of the structure of the second carrier board according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5D is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part B in Figure 5C. FIG. 6 is a schematic top structural view of another preferred embodiment of the wireless communication antenna of the wearable device of the present invention. Figure 7 is a code comparison table for preferred combinations of multiple switch terminals of the present invention. Figure 8 is a comparison table between preferred combination codes and covered frequency ranges of the present invention. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the return loss of the combination code 000 of the present invention. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the gain and efficiency of the combination code 000 of the present invention. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern of the combination code 000 of the present invention. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Z plane radiation field pattern of the combination code 000 of the present invention. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the simulated Y-Z plane radiation field pattern of the combination code 000 of the present invention. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the return loss of the combination code 004 of the present invention. Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the gain and efficiency of the combination code 004 of the present invention. Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern of combination code 004 of the present invention. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the X-Z plane radiation field pattern simulated by combination code 004 of the present invention. Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the simulated Y-Z plane radiation field pattern of combination code 004 of the present invention. Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the return loss of the combination code 007 of the present invention. Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the gain and efficiency of the combination code 007 of the present invention. Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern of combination code 007 of the present invention. Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the X-Z plane radiation field pattern simulated by combination code 007 of the present invention. Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the Y-Z plane radiation field pattern simulated by combination code 007 of the present invention. Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the return loss of the combination code 030 of the present invention. Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the gain and efficiency of the combination code 030 of the present invention. Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern of the combination code 030 of the present invention. Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Z plane radiation field pattern of the combination code 030 of the present invention. Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the simulated Y-Z plane radiation field pattern of the combination code 030 of the present invention. Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of the frequency simulation corresponding to the return loss of the combination code 043 of the present invention. Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of frequency simulation corresponding to the gain and efficiency of combination code 043 of the present invention. Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern of combination code 043 of the present invention. Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of the X-Z plane radiation field pattern simulated by combination code 043 of the present invention. Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of the simulated Y-Z plane radiation field pattern of combination code 043 of the present invention. Figure 34 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part C in Figure 5A. Figure 35 is a comparison table of preferred combination codes of multiple switch units of the present invention. Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of mode 1 to mode 5 of the present invention at the corresponding frequency of 20-50 gigahertz for return loss. Figure 37 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of return loss corresponding to frequency 35-41 gigahertz in modes 1 to 5 of the present invention. Figure 38 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of modes 1 to 5 of the present invention at efficiency corresponding to frequencies 35-41 gigahertz. Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of modes 1 to 5 of the present invention at a gain corresponding frequency of 35-41 gigahertz. Figure 40 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern in Mode 1 of the present invention. Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern in Mode 2 of the present invention. Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern in Mode 3 of the present invention. Figure 43 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern in Mode 4 of the present invention. Figure 44 is a schematic diagram of the simulated X-Y plane radiation field pattern in Mode 5 of the present invention.

1: Wireless communication antenna

11: First carrier board

111, 124, 125: Side

112: First band antenna

12:Second carrier board

13:First control unit

14: Second control unit

21: Shell

211: Side ring seat

2111: Grooving

212, 213: Cover

2131:Opening

91: Axial direction

d: distance

Claims (10)

A wireless communication antenna for a wearable device. The wearable device has a housing. The wireless communication antenna includes: A first carrier board is located in the housing. One side of the first carrier board further includes a first frequency band antenna, a feed terminal and a plurality of switch terminals. The first frequency band antenna is in a closed curve shape, and the first frequency band antenna is in the shape of a closed curve. The feed end and the plurality of switch ends are respectively located at equally divided positions corresponding to the first frequency band antenna, and the switch ends can be operated as a path or a short circuit; A first control unit is electrically connected to the feed terminal and a plurality of switch terminals respectively. By controlling the switch terminal to act as a path or a short circuit, the plurality of switch terminals form different arrangements and combinations to control the first frequency band antenna. Output to a first frequency band; A second carrier board is located in the housing and is connected to the first carrier board by a combination means. The second carrier board further includes: a feed shaft located on one side of the second carrier plate; A plurality of second frequency band antennas are located on the other side of the second carrier board. The second frequency band antenna has a channel and two antenna bodies. The two second frequency band antennas are adjacent to each other and have a gap between them. The antenna body and another adjacent antenna body form a tapered slot antenna (Vivaldi Antenna), and the two ends of the channel are respectively connected to the feed shaft and the antenna body; A plurality of switch units, the switch unit is located on the channel, and the switch unit can act as a path or a short circuit; A second control unit is electrically connected to the feed shaft and a plurality of the switch units respectively. By controlling the switch unit to operate as a path or a short circuit, the plurality of switch units form different arrangements and combinations to control a plurality of the third switch units. The two-band antenna outputs a second frequency band. The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the closed curve shape is a ring shape or a square ring shape. The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first carrier plate is in a circular shape, the first carrier plate is an epoxy glass cloth laminate, conforming to flame-resistant material grade FR4, and the first carrier plate is The thickness of the first carrier board is 0.8 millimeters (mm); the second carrier board is in a circular shape, and the second carrier board is a Rogers 5880 high-frequency board made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber reinforced material , and the thickness of the second carrier plate is 0.254 millimeters (mm). The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first frequency band is below 6 gigahertz (GHz), and the second frequency band is above 24 gigahertz (GHz). The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switch terminal is a phase-shifted switching diode (PIN type diode). The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switch unit is a diode. The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing further includes a side ring base and two covers, and the two covers are respectively connected to two sides of the side ring base, and the first carrier The plate is adjacent to the cover body, and the second carrier plate is adjacent to the other cover body. The first carrier plate and the second carrier plate are separated by a distance along an axial direction. The coupling means is in the axial direction. A plurality of extended plates are connected, the positions of the plurality of plates correspond to the equally divided positions of the first frequency band antenna, and the plates are adjacent to the inner edge of the side ring seat. The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed shaft is in an annular shape. The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antenna body is in a rectangular wave shape. The wireless communication antenna for a wearable device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first carrier board is in a ring shape, the second carrier board is located at a hollow position of the first carrier board, and the first carrier board and the third carrier board are The two carrier boards are located on the same plane, and the combination method is one-piece molding or gluing.