TWI815792B - Hybrid open-loop and closed-loop beamforming - Google Patents

Abstract

Hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming techniques are provided. A beamforming entity can transmit reference signals to a remote entity using a set of candidate transmission beams. The remote entity can provide a first indication to the beamforming entity identifying a first set of preferred transmission beams based on the received reference signals. The first set of preferred transmission beams can be a subset of the set of candidate transmission beams. The beamforming entity can transmit data signals using the first set of preferred transmission beams. Based on the decoding of the data signals, the remote device can provide a second indication to the beamforming entity identifying a second set of preferred transmission beams. The second set of preferred transmission beams can be a subset of the first set of preferred transmission beams. The beamforming entity can retransmit certain previously transmitted data signals using the second set of preferred transmission beams.

Description

Hybrid open-loop and closed-loop beamforming

Embodiments herein relate generally to communications between devices in a broadband wireless communications network.

In an open-loop beamforming system, the beamforming entity typically selects one or more transmit beams to use without any feedback information from the remote entity receiving transmissions from the beamforming entity. In a closed-loop beamforming system, the beamforming entity usually selects one or more transmission beams to use based on feedback information from the remote entity. Open-loop beamforming systems generally provide less computational and signaling overhead associated with the beamforming selection process. However, this open-loop beamforming system lacks robustness due to low efficiency of some selected beams. Closed-loop beamforming systems generally provide improved beam performance, but at the expense of significant computational and signaling overhead. Improved beamforming systems that overcome these shortcomings of traditional open-loop and closed-loop beamforming systems have not yet been developed, including beamforming techniques for 5G systems.

100‧‧‧Operating environment

102‧‧‧Mobile device

104‧‧‧Base Station

106‧‧‧Wireless communication interface

300‧‧‧Transmission structure

302‧‧‧Subframe

304‧‧‧First HARQ block

306‧‧‧Second HARQ block

308‧‧‧code block

310‧‧‧Transmission beam identifier

402‧‧‧Instruction

404‧‧‧Instruction

406‧‧‧Instructions

410‧‧‧Instructions

500‧‧‧Transmission structure

502-1~502-M‧‧‧Transmission beam

504‧‧‧Resource Block

600‧‧‧Transmission structure

604‧‧‧Subframe

602-1~602-M‧‧‧Transmission beam

800‧‧‧Storage media

850‧‧‧Storage media

900‧‧‧Mobile device

902‧‧‧Application circuit

904, 904a~904d‧‧‧Fundamental frequency circuit

906‧‧‧RF circuit

908‧‧‧Front-end module circuit

910‧‧‧Antenna

904e‧‧‧Central Processing Unit

904f‧‧‧Audio digital signal processor

906a‧‧‧Mixer Circuit

906b‧‧‧Amplifier circuit

906c‧‧‧Filter circuit

906d‧‧‧synthesizer circuit

1000‧‧‧Communication Device

1010‧‧‧Radio Interface

1012‧‧‧Receiver

1014‧‧‧frequency synthesizer

1016‧‧‧Transmitter

1018- f ‧‧‧Antenna

1020‧‧‧Basic frequency circuit

1022‧‧‧Analog to Digital Converter

1024‧‧‧Digital to Analog Converter

1026‧‧‧Baseband or physical layer (PHY) processing circuit

1027‧‧‧Media Access Control (MAC) processing circuit

1028‧‧‧Logic circuit

1030‧‧‧Computing Platform

1032‧‧‧Memory Controller

1034‧‧‧Interface

1040‧‧‧Processing component

1050‧‧‧Other platform components

1100‧‧‧Broadband Wireless Access System

1110‧‧‧Internet

1112, 1118‧‧‧Radio Access Network

1114, 1120‧‧‧evolved Node B or base station

1116‧‧‧Fixed devices

1122‧‧‧Mobile device

1124‧‧‧Interviewed core networks

1126‧‧‧Home Core Network

1128‧‧‧Operation Support System

Figure 1 illustrates a demonstration operating environment.

Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a first logic flow.

Figure 3 illustrates a first exemplary transmission structure.

Figure 4a shows an exemplary decoding of the transmission structure of Figure 3.

Figure 4b shows an exemplary feedback structure related to the transmission structure of Figure 3.

Figure 4c shows an exemplary retransmission of the transmission structure of Figure 3.

Figure 5 illustrates a second exemplary transmission structure.

Figure 6 illustrates a third exemplary transmission structure.

Figure 7 illustrates an embodiment of the second logic flow.

Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of a storage medium.

Figure 9 illustrates an embodiment of the first device.

Figure 10 illustrates an embodiment of the second device.

Figure 11 illustrates an embodiment of a wireless network.

[Content and Implementation of the Invention]

Various embodiments may generally relate to hybrid open-loop and closed-loop beamforming techniques for broadband wireless communications networks. In various embodiments, the beamforming entity may use the set of candidate transmission beams to transmit the reference signal to the remote entity. The remote entity may provide a first indication to the beamforming entity to identify a first preferred set of transmission beams based on the received reference signal. The first preferred set of transmission beams may be a subset of the set of candidate transmission beams. The beamforming entity may transmit the data signal using the first preferred set of transmission beams. Solution based on data signal code, the remote device may provide a second indication to the beamforming entity to identify a second preferred transmission wave beam. The beamforming entity may use the second best transmission beam to retransmit some previously transmitted data. Other embodiments are described and patented.

Various embodiments may include one or more elements. An element may contain any structure configured to perform some operation. Each component may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination of the above, as desired given a given set of design parameters or performance constraints. Although an embodiment is illustrated with a limited number of elements in a certain topology, the embodiment may include more or fewer elements in alternative topologies as desired by a given implementation. It is noted that any reference to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least the embodiment. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," and "in various embodiments" in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment.

The techniques disclosed herein may involve data transmission over one or more wireless links using one or more wireless mobile broadband technologies. For example, various embodiments may involve implementation of technologies and/or standards based on one or more of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), and/or 3GPP LTE Advanced (LTE-A), including amendments thereof. , descendants, and variants (including 4G and 5G wireless networks) over one or more wireless links. Various embodiments may additionally or alternatively involve in accordance with one or more of Global System for Mobile communications (GSM)/Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)/High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), and /or GSM with General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system (GSM/GPRS) Transmission of technology and/or standards, including their revisions, descendants, and variations.

Examples of wireless mobile broadband technologies and/or standards may also include, without limitation, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.16 wireless broadband standards (such as IEEE 802.16m and/or 802.16p), International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT- ADV), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and/or WiMAX II, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2000 (such as CDMA2000 1xRTT, CDMA2000 EV-DO, CDMA EV-DV, and the like), High Performance Radio Metropolitan Area Network (HIPERMAN), Wireless Broadband (WiBro), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Packet Access (HSOPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) technology and/or Any transmission of the standard (including its revisions, descendants, and variations).

Some embodiments may additionally or alternatively involve wireless communications in accordance with other wireless communications technologies and/or standards. Examples of other wireless communication technologies and/or standards that may be used in various embodiments may include, without limitation, other IEEE wireless communication standards such as IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n , IEEE 802.11u, IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11ad, IEEE 802.11af, and/or IEEE 802.11ah standards, high-efficiency Wi-Fi standards developed by the IEEE 802.11 High-Efficiency WLAN (HEW) research group, Wi-Fi Alliance ( WFA) wireless communication standards, such as Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Direct (Direct), Wi-Fi Direct Services (Direct Services), Wireless Gigabit (WiGig), WiGig Display Extension (WDE), WiGig Bus Extension (WBE), WiGig Sequence Extensions (WSE) Standards and/or standards developed by the WFA Neighbor Awareness Networking (NAN) Task Group, Machine Type Communications (MTC) standards, such as in 3GPP Technical Report (TR) 23.887, 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 22.368, and /or those embodied in 3GPP TS 23.682, and/or Near Field Communication (NFC) standards, such as those developed by the NFC Forum, including any revisions, descendants, and variations of any of the foregoing. Embodiments are not limited to these examples.

In addition to transmission over one or more wireless links, the techniques disclosed herein may involve transmission of content over one or more wired links over one or more wired communication media. Examples of wired communication media may include wires, cables, metal conductors, printed circuit boards (PCBs), backplanes, switch dice, semiconductor materials, twisted pairs, coaxial cables, optical fibers, and the like. The embodiments are not limited to this context.

Figure 1 depicts an exemplary operating environment 100, which may be representative, for example, of some embodiments of techniques in which hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming may be implemented. The operating environment 100 may include a mobile device 102 and a cellular base station 104 . The mobile device 102 can communicate with the base station 104 through the wireless communication interface 106. The mobile device 102 may be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, netbook, or other mobile computing device capable of wireless communication with one or more wireless communication networks. For example, the mobile device 102 may be a user equipment (UE). Base station 104 may be a cellular base station such as, for example, an evolved nodeB (eNB). Base station 104 may be a serving cell for UE 102, such as, for example, a primary or secondary serving cell. The wireless communication interface 106 may be, for example, any wireless network described herein. wireless interfaces, including, for example, 4G, LTE, or 5G wireless networks. Mobile device 102 and base station 104 may each implement hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming techniques as described herein.

Beamforming is a signal processing technology used to control the directionality of transmission and reception of wireless signals. By controlling the directional pattern of the antenna, beamforming improves signal quality at a given receiver while reducing interference. Beamforming may be a key feature in 5G systems, which may operate in higher frequency bands with unattractive fading characteristics.

For the wireless communication interface 106 that provides a communication connection between the mobile device 102 and the base station 104, the beamforming may be open loop, closed loop, or a mixture of open loop and closed loop. In open loop beamforming, a beamforming entity (eg, mobile device 102 or base station 104) selects its own beam without any information from any other entity (eg, a remote device or entity with which the beamforming entity can communicate). In closed-loop beamforming, the beamforming entity has access to some form of information provided by other devices with which the beamforming entity communicates. The beamforming entity's beam selection may be based on available information from the remote device. Hybrid open-loop and closed-loop beamforming, as further described herein, may include both open-loop and closed-loop beamforming features.

The closed-loop beamforming procedure can be implicit or explicit. For implicit closed-loop beamforming, the beamforming entity (eg, mobile device 102 or base station 104) may select a beam based on observations of non-explicit information provided by other entities (eg, another device in communication with the beamforming entity). This non-intelligible information may include reference signals. To understand closed-loop beamforming, beam Another entity that shapes the entity's communication selects a better beam. Beam selection may be provided to the beamforming entity as feedback information. Beam selection may be based on reference signals previously transmitted by the beamforming entity. The reference signal may be carried or transmitted via one or more candidate beams. Beam selection based on explicit feedback may use a finite-sized beam index (BI) to uniquely identify candidate beams based on distinct BI values.

Any performance gain achievable in a beamforming system depends on the selected beams. Inaccurate beam selection may adversely affect performance gains. Inaccurate beam selection can occur for several reasons, including, for example, changes in the communication channel (e.g. the beamforming entity or other entities may be moving rapidly), crosstalk between beams in a multi-beam system, and differences between uplink and downlink transmissions. changes (e.g. propagation characteristics may change such that selection of the uplink beam based on downlink information is suboptimal). To improve beam selection, many beamforming selection techniques focus on closed-loop solutions. However, a purely closed-loop beamforming system will add significant burden and cost to the communication system in terms of increased computational and signaling overhead.

The hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming techniques described herein can enhance open-loop beamforming by pre-selecting and refining closed-loop beam sets. In various embodiments, efficient refinement of the initially selected beams is provided by having the remote device indicate to the beamforming entity a better subset of beams based on error detection results for data blocks transmitted using the initially selected beams. In various embodiments, by combining open-loop and closed-loop characteristics, the techniques described herein provide increased efficiency (e.g., by reducing signaling or feedback overhead) and increased robustness (e.g., by improved beamforming options). and/or sex able). In various embodiments, hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming techniques described herein cycle through multiple beams in the time domain (or frequency domain), where each beam is used for one or more code blocks. In various embodiments, beam selection can be made adaptable by reducing the set of beams used for retransmissions based on error detection results for code blocks associated with specific beams (eg, in a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme). The hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming techniques described in this article can be applied to 3GPP LTE Release 14 and 5G systems, but are not so limited. In various embodiments, the frequency domain beam cycling techniques described herein (eg, hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop analog beamforming techniques) provide robustness due to beam diversity, as different beams can carry different signal such that, when combined with channel coding, provides protection against any single beam failure. Various frequency domain beam cycling techniques described herein may transmit information (such as data, control, or reference signals) using multiple beams, where the beams cycle through available frequency resources (eg, frequency bands) in a predetermined manner.

Figure 2 illustrates an example logic flow 200 that may represent one or more implementations of hybrid open-loop and closed-loop beamforming techniques in accordance with various embodiments. For example, logic flow 200 may represent operations that may be performed in some embodiments by mobile device 102 (eg, UE) or base station 104 (eg, eNB) in operating environment 100 of FIG. 1 .

At 202, the beamforming entity may transmit one or more reference signals using one or more candidate transmission beams. The reference signal may be transmitted to a remote entity (eg, a second beamforming entity). The reference signal may have a periodic signal with a large period. For example, the reference signal may be transmitted relatively infrequently. Candidate transfer The beams may be predefined and known to both the beamforming entity and the remote entity receiving the reference signal. Candidate transmission beams may each be associated with a unique identifier or identification (ID). For a bidirectional beamforming system, an entity receiving a reference signal may select a receive beam as one or more of the candidate transmission beams.

At 204, the remote entity receiving the reference signal may select a better set of transmission beams. The set of preferred transmission beams may be a subset of candidate transmission beams. The remote entity can use various metrics to select a better set of transmission beams. For example, the preferred transmit beam set may be based on the noise ratio of the received reference signal, the highest signal strength of the received reference signal, and/or errors associated with recovering, decoding, or processing the received reference signal. Determine the best transmission beam set. At 204, the preferred set of transmission beams may be transmitted by the remote entity to the beamforming entity using the candidate transmission beams to transmit the reference signal. Accordingly, at 204, the beamforming entity may receive feedback information from the remote entity. In various embodiments, feedback information may include identification of a preferred set of transmission beams using, for example, a predefined transmission beam identifier (ID) associated with each transmission beam. For example, the remote entity may provide one or more IDs to the beamforming entity to indicate the preferred set of transmission beams. The ID associated with each transmission beam may be predetermined or predefined relative to the beamforming entity and the remote device. Because this portion of logic flow 200 may rely on feedback information, step 204 may be considered to provide a closed-loop portion of logic flow 200.

In step 206, the beamforming entity may transmit the data signal using the set of transmission beams selected and/or identified by the remote entity. Selected transmission beams may each carry one or more data signals. The data signal may be transmitted, for example, through a subframe, with the transmission beam used for one or more code blocks of the subframe. Target The use of code block groups and transmit beams may be cycled through selected transmit beam groups. The association of a specific transmission beam (eg, beam ID) to a specific set of data signals (eg, a block group containing one or more code blocks) may follow a predefined pattern based on the identified set of transmission beams. In various embodiments, transmission beams may be used in numerical order based on transmission beam IDs and by cycling through these IDs. The beamforming entity and the remote entity receiving the data signals from the beamforming entity may be aware of the predetermined defined pattern or cycle of the selected set of transmission beams. Step 206 can be viewed as providing an open-loop portion of logic flow 200 .

In various embodiments, data signals transmitted by a beamforming entity may be divided into transmission time intervals (TTIs), where TTIs represent the time format of one or more blocks containing encoded signals. Blocks of encoded signals can be represented as code blocks. In various embodiments, decoding a code block may be performed independently of other code blocks. Additionally, in various embodiments, the TTI may be considered a subframe. The technology is not limited to these embodiments.

In various embodiments, each code block may employ an error detection mechanism, such as, for example, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). Therefore, each code block can be decoded into a "pass" or "fail" result. If the code block is not decoded correctly (for example, if the code block is decoded with a "failed" result), the receiver can request a retransmission of the erroneous code block. In various embodiments, beamforming entities and receiving entities involved in the performance of logic flow 200 may implement a HARQ retransmission scheme. Accordingly, each subframe carrying the encoded data signal may contain one or more HARQ blocks, such that each HARQ block contains one or more code blocks. In various embodiments, HARQ mechanisms, retransmission techniques, and data signal partitioning and clustering may Applies to the 3GPP LTE HARQ mechanism based on Transport Block (TB). In various embodiments, each code block corresponds to an OFDM symbol.

Generally speaking, in various embodiments, the hybrid beamforming techniques described herein may be applied using beams for each coded data block, which may be decoded separately and independently and which may include its own error correction/ Detection mechanism so that split data blocks can be retransmitted if incorrectly decoded.

At 208, the remote entity may attempt to decode each code block transmitted by the beamforming entity. As discussed previously, in various embodiments, each received code block or group of coded data may be transmitted on a specific transmission beam from a preferred set of transmission beams. The remote entity may provide this information to the beamforming entity if any code block or group of coded data was not decoded correctly (eg if the decoding operation for the code block resulted in a failure). This information can be considered as feedback information sent by the remote device and received by the beamforming device.

In various embodiments, the HARQ feedback for a HARQ block containing at least one code block that was not correctly decoded may be a non-acknowledgement (NACK) message. Along with providing a NACK or other decoding failure message as feedback information, the remote entity may provide an indication of the second transmission beam set. This second set of transmission beams may be a subset of the first set of preferred transmission beams. The second set of transmission beams may exclude any transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams associated with failed decoding results. For example, specific transmission beams associated with code blocks that produced failed decoding results may be excluded from the second set of transmission beams. In various embodiments, the second set of transmission beams identified by the remote device to the beamforming entity may be transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams associated with the successfully decoded code block.

At 208, a second set of transmission beams identified by the remote device is received by the beamforming entity. In various embodiments, to reduce signaling overhead burden, the indication or indicator from the remote device may have a shorter or smaller format than the indicator used to identify the first set of transmission beams. For example, the identifier may be an indication of the location of a particular transmission beam within the first set of transmission beams (eg, the identifier indicates that the fifth transmission beam within the first set of transmission beams will form part of the second set of transmission beams). In various embodiments, the indicator from the remote entity may identify a single transmission beam. Step 208 can be viewed as providing a closed-loop portion of logic flow 200 .

At 210, the beamforming entity may retransmit one or more data signals using transmission beams from the second set of transmission beams. The data signal may be transmitted by cycling through the second set of transmission beams in a known predefined manner, such as a numerical sequence based on the IDs of the transmission beams. In various embodiments, the beamforming entity may retransmit all data signals of the entire HARQ block (eg, including previously successfully decoded code blocks) according to the second transmission beam set. In various embodiments, the beamforming entity may only retransmit code blocks that were not previously successfully decoded. Step 210 can be viewed as providing an open-loop portion of logic flow 200 .

In various embodiments, step 208 may be performed as an open-loop component of logic flow 200 . That is, the beamforming entity may receive an indication from the remote device that a specific HARQ block or a specific code block failed but it does not indicate the second transmission beam set. In this scenario, in various embodiments, the beamforming entity may shuffle the order of transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams for retransmission of code blocks and/or HARQ blocks. Shuffling of the order of transmission beams can be seen as a remapping of transmission beams to code blocks (e.g. thus using different transmission beam to transmit each retransmitted code block).

Logic flow 200 can be extended to multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which can use multiple transmission beams to transmit a single code block. For MIMO systems, in various embodiments, the first and second transmission beam set IDs may indicate a combination of transmission beams (eg, a specific indicator may indicate a combination of transmission beams). The identified combination of transmission beams completely identifies all transmission beams used to carry a specific code block.

In general, the hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming techniques described herein are applicable to time and frequency domain beam cycles transmitted using any data structure or data partitioning.

Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary transmission structure 300 based on the hybrid open-loop and closed-loop beamforming techniques described herein. Transmission structure 300 may be transmitted by a beamforming entity, such as a beamforming entity that implements logic flow 200, for example. In various embodiments, the transmission structure 300 may be provided for a mobile device 102 or base station 104 of a beamforming entity by operations described herein.

Before providing the transmission structure 300, the beamforming entity may transmit one or more reference signals using one or more candidate transmission beams. Additionally, before providing the transmission structure 300, a remote device receiving and processing the reference signal may indicate a first preferred set of transmission beams to the beamforming entity. For example, a first preferred set of transmission beams may include four separate transmission beams. The first preferred set of transmission beams may be identified in various ways, including, for example, using an ID that uniquely identifies each transmission beam.

After receiving an indication from the remote device identifying a first preferred set of transmission beams, the beamforming entity may transmit the request using the first set of preferred transmission beams. Data signal to the remote device. In various embodiments, data signals may be transmitted according to transmission structure 300. As shown in FIG. 3 , the subframe 302 includes a first HARQ block 304 and a second HARQ block 306 . Each HARQ block 304 and 306 may contain one or more code blocks 308. In various embodiments, code blocks 308 may correspond to OFDM symbols and HARQ blocks may correspond to code block groups. Figure 3 further shows that each code block 308 is transmitted using a different transmission beam identified by the transmission beam identifier 310. The transmission beams may be recycled to transmit code blocks 308. In the transmission structure 300, the transmission beams identified by IDs "2", "4", "7", and "8" are continuously used in a round-robin manner. This order of use of transmission beams can be predefined and known to both the beamforming entity and the remote device. For example, FIG. 3 shows that the fourth code block in the HARQ block 304 is transmitted using the transmission beam identified by the fourth smallest ID value "8".

In various embodiments, the transmission structure 300 may be part of a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), with one transmission beam per OFDM symbol and cycling through a first set of transmission beams for OFDM symbols. The association of OFDM symbols with transmission beam IDs may follow the order of transmission beam IDs in the first preferred beam set and be implicitly known to all entities.

Figure 4a illustrates an exemplary decoding of the transmission structure 300. In various embodiments, the remote device receives the transmission structure 300 of Figure 3 and performs a CRC check. As shown in Figure 4a, each code block 308 is decoded correctly - indicated by a "pass" indication 402 - or incorrectly decoded - indicated by a "fail" indication 404. The remote device may indicate to the beamforming device which code blocks 308 failed. In various embodiments, if to within HARQ block 304 or 306 If one less code block 308 fails, the remote device may provide feedback to the beamforming device, including a HARQ NACK and a second set of identifiers identifying the second set of transmission beams. The identifier of the second set of transmission beams may correspond to the unique location of a particular transmission beam used in the previous transmission. In various embodiments, the transmission beams included in the second set include beams associated with CRC pass 402.

Figure 4b shows exemplary feedback provided by a remote device. The feedback provided by the remote device may be HARQ feedback. As shown in Figure 4b, a successful acknowledgment (ACK) indication 406 is provided for the second HARQ block 306 because all code blocks 308 in the second HARQ block 306 pass the CRC check as shown in Figure 4a. Figure 4b further shows that a non-acknowledgement (NACK) indication 404 is provided for the first HARQ block 304 because at least the code blocks 308 in the first HARQ block 304 failed the CRC check as shown in Figure 4a. Along with the NACK indication 404, the remote device may provide an indication 410 identifying the second set of transmission beams. The second set of transmission beams may include one or more transmission beams. In various embodiments, the identification from the remote device may indicate the location of a transmission beam within HARQ block 304 for retransmission. As shown in Figure 4b, the identification is "01", indicating that the second transmission beam from HARQ block 304 (ie, the beam identified with ID "4" as shown in Figure 3) will be used for retransmission.

In the non-limiting example provided with respect to Figures 3 and 4a-4c, the second transmission beam set may include up to three beams and at least one beam. In various embodiments, the second set of transmission beams may include a single transmission beam. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4b, identifying the second set of transmission beams The second identifier may be in the form of a two-bit field representing four possible beam ID positions of the first beam set.

Figure 4c illustrates a demonstration HARQ retransmission. A HARQ retransmission (denoted as "304-1" in Figure 4c) may include retransmitting each code block 308 from the first HARQ block 304 using the transmission beam identified in indicator 410. It can be seen that each code block 308 is retransmitted using the transmission beam with the ID 310 value "4". In various embodiments, if more than one transmission beam is identified for or included in the second set of transmission beams, these transmission beams may be recycled for retransmitted code blocks 308.

As discussed previously, Figure 3 shows the time domain beam cyclic allocation according to the first transmission beam set. For single-beam transmission per code block with first beam set IDs corresponding to 2, 4, 7, and 8, Figure 3 shows that beam 2 is assigned to the first OFDM symbol; beam 4 is assigned to the second OFDM symbol ; Beam 7 is allocated to the third OFDM symbol; and Beam 8 is allocated to the fourth OFDM symbol. Since there are more OFDM symbols in this block than the beams in the first beam set, beams are reused in a round-robin fashion, so beam 2 is allocated to the fifth OFDM symbol. As shown in Figure 3, the recycling of beams can be continued into the next block.

Figures 4a to 4c can be seen as showing beam refinement operations. As shown in Figure 4a, the CRC check operation reveals that the third and fifth code blocks 308 of the first HARQ block 304 contain errors. As a result, Figure 4b shows that the HARQ feedback of the first HARQ block 304 includes a NACK 406 and a two-bit field 410 with a value of "01" indicating that the second beam from the first beam set will form the second Beam set (i.e. used for retransmission). Based on this For example, the second beam is the beam identified with the ID value 310 "4". Therefore, Figure 4c shows the use of "4" beams. In various embodiments, other indicators may be used to indicate transmission beams for retransmissions. For example, the four-bit field "0101" may be used to indicate that the second and fourth beams from the first transmission beam set are to be used in the second transmission beam set. Generally speaking, the selection of which transmission beam will be used for retransmission can be based on an instantaneous error check (eg CRC check) in a subframe or based on an accumulated history of error check results across multiple subframes (eg by the remote entity).

The data structures, operations, and processing described herein with respect to Figures 3 and 4 may be implemented using the logic flow 200 described with respect to Figure 2.

As noted above, the hybrid open-loop and/or closed-loop beamforming techniques described herein provide greater efficiency by significantly reducing the amount and frequency of beam selection feedback compared to fully closed-loop beamforming systems, and by providing A certain degree of beam selection diversity provides improved resilience to beam failure. Compared to a fully open-loop beamforming system, the techniques described herein provide more robust beamforming performance by pre-screening and selecting beams with a higher likelihood of robustness as the initial open-loop beamset. Additionally, processing constraints based on mobile devices (eg, UEs) are more likely to be implemented by mobile devices than the time-domain beam cycling techniques described herein, and are more likely to be implemented in future generation wireless systems (eg, 5G).

In various communication systems, feedback mechanisms indicating the optimal modulation and coding rate (MCS) and the optimal number of MIMO layers can be used. For many 3GPP systems, a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) may indicate the former, and a Rating Indication (RI) may indicate the latter. CQI and RI can often be based on dedicated references Signal - Channel Status Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). CQI and RI can be conditional expressions on the transmission beam. For example, in explicit closed-loop beamforming, each CSI-RS may be associated with a specific transmission beam (and thus the beam index references that transmission beam). Therefore, the beam index, CQI and RI may form part of the channel status information (CSI) as feedback information provided to the beamforming entity from the remote device. Various embodiments described herein provide open-loop beamforming systems and procedures that may include an enhanced CSI feedback framework and an enhanced data and control transmission framework. Various embodiments disclose open-loop transmission modes for communication systems that cycle transmission beams through frequency resources to provide beam diversity without beam selection feedback from remote devices while reducing signaling overhead burden.

In various embodiments, the CSI generated by the remote device (eg, mobile device 102 or base station 104) and fed back to the beamforming entity may include CQI and RI but not the beam index (BI). For example, in a communication system where CSI will be reported for each CSI-RS group (CRG), each CRG may be carried by the entire set of candidate transmission beams. CRGs may be transmitted by all candidate transmission beams using frequency diversity (eg, such that CRGs are transmitted simultaneously on different frequencies for each candidate transmission beam). The set of candidate transmission beams may be considered a cluster of transmission beams and may be candidate transmission beams for use with data channels (eg, PDSCH) and/or control channels (eg, PDCCH).

In various embodiments, feedback CSI may be based on CRGs, where the transmission beam associated with a particular CRG cycles through the available subcarrier frequencies associated with that CRG. The reported CSI may include wideband CQI (eg, one or more codeword-specific wideband CQIs) and/or subband CQIs. In addition, the CSI notified May include wideband RI. In various embodiments, as an alternative, the reported CSI may include CQI and RI measured from each received symbol. For bidirectional beamforming, different receive beams can be used to measure the CSI for each received symbol.

In various embodiments, beam reference signal (BRS) and BRS received power (BRS-RP) notifications may be provided. In various embodiments, a remote device (eg, UE 102) may use the BRS-RP for receive beam selection in a bidirectional beamforming system or may use the BRS-RP to exclude a beamforming entity (eg, the base station 104) for a specific The set of transmit beams for the remote device. In various embodiments, a remote device may advertise one or more BRS-RPs, where each BRS-RP is measured from a group of multiple BRSs. A BRS of a BRS group may be associated with multiple transmission beams and may be associated with a cluster of transmission beams. The BRS group can be indicated via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. Alternatively, the grouping of BRSs may depend on the frequency resources of the BRS and the BRS identification (BRS-ID). The number of BRSs in a BRS group can be determined as follows:

指示BRS的資源區塊群組(RBG)的數量且K為整數。可藉由例如網路或RRC傳訊組態RBG和K的數量各者。在各種實施例中，K可為整數，使得K

[1,

/2]。 in

Indicates the number of resource block groups (RBGs) of the BRS and K is an integer. Each of the numbers of RBG and K can be configured via network or RRC signaling, for example. In various embodiments, K may be an integer such that K

[1,

/2].

Figure 5 illustrates an exemplary transmission structure 500. The exemplary transmission structure 500 may include control and/or data information and may represent a structure for transmitting information or control channels and/or data channels. As shown in Figure 5, using M Transmission beams - shown by transmission beams 502-1,..., 502-M-1, 502-M. Transmit beam 502 cycles through available frequency resources. That is, M transmission beams 502 are used on a series of separate frequencies for nearly simultaneous transmission. Each transmission beam 502 may carry at least a resource block 504. Each transmission beam 502 may carry the same resource block 504 (using different transmission beams on different frequencies) or different resource blocks. In various embodiments, a remote device receiving transmission structure 500 may perform per-RB channel estimation.

Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary transmission structure 600. The exemplary transmission structure 600 may include control and/or data information and may represent a structure for transmitting information or control channels and/or data channels. Transport structure 600 may represent a TTI bundling used with the transport modes described above. As shown in Figure 6, M transmission beams are used - represented by transmission beams 602-1, ..., 602-M-1, 602-M. Different transmission beams may be applied to different sub-frames 604. In various embodiments, each subframe 604 may represent a TTI. Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, in one example, the number of bundled TTIs may be equal to M. One or more RBs may be included in each TTI and/or subframe 604. At the receiving entity (eg, mobile device 102 or base station 104), channel estimation may be performed on multiple RBs.

Figures 5 and 6 may represent transmission structures 500 and 600 on the PDSCH respectively, but are not so limited. In various embodiments, the transmission structures 500 and 600 provided by the system as optional transmission schemes may be selected by, for example, RRC signaling. In various embodiments, control channel information may be transmitted according to transport structures 500 and 600. For example, the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may use beamforming according to transmission structures 500 and 600 according to the techniques described herein. According to various embodiments, different transmission beams may carry different RBs (eg if the PDCCH may be transmitted in a similar manner to the enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH)). According to various embodiments, a control channel (eg, PDCCH) may be transmitted by an aggregated transmission beam pattern that may be generated on transmission beams 1-M. For example, an aggregated transmission beam can be generated as follows:

where M represents the number of transmission beams and P _j indicates the weight of transmission beam j. Embodiments are not limited to these examples.

Figure 7 illustrates an example of a logic flow 700 that may represent an implementation of one or more of the disclosed hybrid open-loop and closed-loop beamforming techniques in accordance with embodiments. For example, logic flow 700 may represent operations that may be performed in some embodiments by a mobile device 102 (eg, a UE) or a base station 104 (eg, an eNB) in the operating environment 100 of FIG. The operations of the transmission structures 500 and 600 in Figures 5 and 6.

At 702, the beamforming entity may select a set of transmission beams for transmission. The beamforming entity may select any number of transmission beams, including, for example, M transmission beams.

At 704, the beamforming entity may transmit a signal or a group of signals using different selected transmission beams. The signal or group of signals may be transmitted across different frequencies (eg as shown in Figure 5). For example, each of the transmission beams may be used to transmit a corresponding signal or group of signals at approximately the same time. Therefore, a different transmission beam can be used for each corresponding frequency range. In various embodiments , each transmission beam can transmit RBs. In various embodiments, the signal or group of signals corresponding to each transmission beam may be transmitted sequentially across the same set of frequencies (eg, as shown in Figure 6). In this scenario, each transmission beam can be used to transmit sub-frames containing a signal or a group of signals.

In various embodiments, if the number of signals or signal groups to be transmitted is greater than the number of transmission beams, the transmission beams may be reused or cycled through in a predefined order. In various embodiments, the transmitted signal may be a data signal, a control signal, a reference signal (such as a BRS), or may represent information for an entire RB or sub-frame. The signal transmitted by the beamforming entity in step 204 may be received and processed by the remote entity. The remote entity may attempt to uncover or decode any information provided in the transmitted signal.

At 706, the beamforming entity may receive feedback from the remote device receiving the transmitted signal. Feedback may include transmission-related information. For example, the feedback may include feedback CSI measured from the CRG. In various embodiments, the provided CSI may include a wideband CQI, one or more codeword specific wideband CQIs, subband CQIs, and/or wideband RIs. In various embodiments, the feedback information does not include BI. In various embodiments, CSI may include CQI and/or RI measured from each transmitted symbol or signal group. In various embodiments, the feedback information may include a BRS-RP report, such as when transmitting a BRS. In various embodiments, the received power of any transmitted BRS may be provided. In various embodiments, direct feedback to specific transmission beams, such as BI, may not be provided. However, in various embodiments, feedback may provide information to the beamforming entity that may be used to adjust one or more transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams.

At 708, the beamforming entity may select a second set of transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams. The second set of transmission beams may be a subset of the first set of transmission beams, but is not so limited. The beamforming entity may select the second set of transmission beams based on, for example, feedback information received from the remote entity (such as the feedback information received in step 706). The beamforming entity may select transmission beams that provide higher performance, particularly in terms of received signal strength or probability of correct decoding.

At 710, the beamforming entity may transmit the signal or group of signals using the second set of transmission beams. The signal transmitted at 710 may be a retransmission of a signal previously transmitted (eg, at 704), for example, according to a retransmission scheme (eg, a HARQ scheme), or may be a signal that is more likely to be used by the remote entity using the second set of transmission beams instead of the first. Transmit beam set while receiving and correctly processing different signal sets.

As described herein, the beamforming techniques described with respect to Figures 5-7 may provide improved efficiency over traditional closed-loop beamforming systems because the open-loop characteristics of the techniques described herein by limiting the distance from the remote entity to the beamforming Physical beam selection feedback reduces computational and signaling overhead.

Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of a storage medium 800 and an embodiment of a storage medium 850. Storage media 800 and 850 may include any non-transitory computer-readable storage media or machine-readable storage media, such as optical, magnetic, or semiconductor storage media. In various embodiments, storage media 800 and 850 may include items of manufacture. In some embodiments, storage media 800 and 850 may store computer-executable instructions, such as computer-executable instructions that implement the logic flow 200 of FIG. 2 and the logic flow 700 of FIG. 7, respectively. Examples of computer-readable storage media or machine-readable storage media may include Any tangible medium capable of storing electronic data, including volatile or non-volatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, erasable or non-erasable memory, writable memory or non-writable memory, and the like. Examples of computer-executable instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, decoded code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, object-oriented code, virtual code, and the like. The embodiments are not limited to this context.

As used herein, the term "circuitry" may refer to, be a part of, or include an application special integrated circuit (ASIC), electronic circuit, processor (shared, dedicated, or group), and/or memory (shared, dedicated, or grouped), combinational logic, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the functionality described. In some embodiments, circuits may be implemented in one or more software or firmware modules or functions associated with the circuits may be performed by one or more software or firmware modules. In some embodiments, circuitry may include logic, at least partially operable in hardware. The embodiments described herein may be implemented in any suitably configured hardware and/or software system.

Figure 9 illustrates an example of a mobile device 900, which may represent a mobile device such as a UE implementing one or more of the techniques disclosed in various embodiments. For example, mobile device 900 may represent mobile device 102 according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, mobile device 900 may include application circuitry 902, baseband circuitry 904, radio frequency (RF) circuitry 906, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 908, and one or more antennas 910, at least as described coupled to Together.

Application circuitry 902 may include one or more application processors. For example, application circuitry 902 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and special-purpose processors (eg, graphics processors, applications processors, etc.). The processor may be coupled to and/or include memory/storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system.

Baseband circuitry 904 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. Baseband circuit 904 may include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process the baseband signal received from the receive signal path of RF circuit 906 and generate the baseband for the transmit signal path of RF circuit 906 signal. Baseband circuitry 904 may interface with application circuitry 902 to generate and process signals for the baseband and control the operation of RF circuitry 906 . For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuit 904 may include a second generation (2G) baseband processor 904a, a third generation (3G) baseband processor 904b, a fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 904c, and / Or other baseband circuits 904d of other current generations, generations under development or to be developed in the future (eg, fifth generation (5G), 6G, etc.). Baseband circuitry 904 (eg, one or more of baseband processors 904a-d) may handle various radio control functions, which enable communication with one or more radio networks through RF circuitry 906. Radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, RF shifting, etc. In some embodiments, the modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuit 904 may include fast Fourier transform (FFT), precoding, and/or astrology mapping/demapping functions. able. In some embodiments, the encoding/decoding circuitry of baseband circuit 904 may include convolutional, tail-biting convolutional, turbo, Viterbi, and/or low density parity check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality. . Embodiments of modulation/demodulation and encoder/decoder functions are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functions in other embodiments.

In some embodiments, the baseband circuit 904 may include elements of a protocol stack, such as elements of the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (EUTRAN) protocol, including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC) , Radio Link Control (RLC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), and/or Radio Resource Control (RRC) components. The central processing unit (CPU) 904e of the baseband circuit 904 may be configured as an element operating a protocol stack for signaling at the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, and/or RRC layers. In some embodiments, baseband circuitry may include one or more audio digital signal processors (DSPs) 904f. Audio DSP 904f may include components for compression/decompression and echo cancellation, and may include other suitable processing components in other embodiments. The components of the baseband circuit may, in some embodiments, be appropriately combined on a single chip, in a single chip set, or disposed on the same circuit board. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuit 904 and the application circuit 902 may be implemented together, such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

In some embodiments, baseband circuitry 904 may provide communications compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, baseband circuitry 904 may support integration with Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (EUTRAN) and/or other Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMAN), wireless Wired area network (WLAN), wireless personal area network (WPAN) communication. Embodiments in which the baseband circuit 904 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol may be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuits.

RF circuit 906 can communicate with a wireless network using modulated electromagnetic radiation through non-solid media. In various embodiments, RF circuitry 906 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate communication with a wireless network. RF circuitry 906 may include a receive signal path, which may include circuitry to down-convert the RF signal received from FEM circuitry 908 and provide the baseband signal to baseband circuitry 904 . RF circuit 906 may also include a transmission signal path, which may include circuitry that up-converts the baseband signal provided by baseband circuit 904 and provides an RF output signal to FEM circuit 908 for transmission.

In some embodiments, RF circuitry 906 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of RF circuit 906 may include mixer circuit 906a, amplifier circuit 906b, and filter circuit 906c. The transmission signal path of the RF circuit 906 may include a filter circuit 906c and a mixer circuit 906a. The RF circuit 906 may also include a synthesizer circuit 906d for synthesizing frequencies for use by the mixer circuit 906a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, mixer circuit 906a of the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert the RF signal received from FEM circuit 908 based on the synthesized frequency provided by combiner circuit 906d. Amplifier circuit 906b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signal, and filter circuit 906c may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or a band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove the signal from the down-converted signal. unwanted signal to generate the output fundamental frequency signal. The output baseband signal may be provided to baseband circuit 904 for further processing. In some embodiments, the output fundamental frequency signal may be a zero frequency fundamental frequency signal, although this is not required. In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 906a of the receive signal path may include a passive mixer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited to this aspect.

In some embodiments, mixer circuit 906a of the transmit signal path may be configured to upconvert the input fundamental signal based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuit 906d to produce an RF output signal to FEM circuit 908. The baseband signal may be provided by baseband circuit 904 and filtered by filter circuit 906c. Filter circuit 906c may include a low pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited to this aspect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 906a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be configured for quadrature down-conversion and/or up-conversion respectively. . In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 906a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be configured for image suppression (eg, Hartley image suppression). In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 906a of the transmit signal path may be configured for direct down conversion and/or direct up conversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuit 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 906a of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation.

In some embodiments, the output baseband signal and the input baseband signal may be The analog baseband signal is used, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited to this aspect. In some alternative embodiments, the output baseband signal and the input baseband signal may be digital baseband signals. In these alternative embodiments, RF circuitry 906 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuits and baseband circuitry 904 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with RF circuitry 906 .

In some dual-mode embodiments, separate radio IC circuits may be provided to process signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited to this aspect.

In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuit 906d may be a fractional N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited to this aspect and other types of frequency synthesizers are also applicable. For example, the synthesizer circuit 906d may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer including a phase locked loop with a frequency divider.

Synthesizer circuit 906d may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by mixer circuit 906a of RF circuit 906 based on the frequency input and the divider control input. In some embodiments, combiner circuit 906d may be a fractional N/N+1 combiner.

In some embodiments, the frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although this is not required. Depending on the desired output frequency, the divider control input may be provided by the baseband circuit 904 or the application circuit 902. In some embodiments, the divider control input (eg, N) may be determined from a lookup table based on the channel pointed to by application circuit 902.

The synthesizer circuit 906d of the RF circuit 906 may include dividers, delay locked loops (DLLs), multiplexers, and phase accumulators. In some embodiments , the divider may be a dual analog-to-digital divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DPA). In some embodiments, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by N or N+1 (eg, based on carry) to provide a division ratio. In some exemplary embodiments, the DLL may include a set of cascaded tunable delay elements, phase detectors, charge pumps, and D-type flip-flops. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to divide the VCO cycle into Nd equal phase packets, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. Accordingly, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the entire delay line is one VCO cycle.

In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuit 906d may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (eg, two times the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) along with The quadrature generator and divider circuits are used together to generate multiple signals having multiple different phases relative to each other at the carrier frequency. In some embodiments, the output frequency may be the LO frequency (fLO). In some embodiments, RF circuit 906 may include an IQ/polar converter.

FEM circuitry 908 may include a receive signal path, which may include components configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 910 , amplify the received signals, and provide an amplified version of the received signals to RF circuitry 906 to circuit for further processing. FEM circuit 908 may also include a transmit signal path, which may include circuitry configured to amplify the transmit signal provided by RF circuit 906 for transmission by one or more of one or more antennas 910 .

In some embodiments, FEM circuit 908 may include TX/RX switching The device switches between transmit mode and receive mode operation. FEM circuitry may include receive signal paths and transmit signal paths. The receive signal path of the FEM circuit may include a low noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify the received RF signal and provide the amplified received RF signal as an output (eg, to RF circuit 906). The transmit signal path of FEM circuit 908 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify the input RF signal (e.g., provided by RF circuit 906), and one or more filters to generate the RF signal for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas). 910 one or more).

In some embodiments, mobile device 900 may include additional components such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensors, and/or input/output (I/O) interfaces.

Figure 10 illustrates an embodiment of a communication device 1000 that may implement one or more of the mobile device 102, the base station 104, the logic process 200, the logic process 700, the storage medium 800, the storage medium 850, and the mobile device 900. In various embodiments, communications device 1000 may include logic circuitry 1028 . Logic circuitry 1028 may include physical circuitry to perform the operations described for one or more of, for example, mobile device 102, base station 104, logic flow 200, logic flow 700, and mobile device 900 of Figure 9. As shown in Figure 10, device 1000 may include a radio interface 1010, a baseband circuit 1020, and a computing platform 1030, although embodiments are not limited to this configuration.

Device 1000 may incorporate the structure and/or structure of some or all of one or more of mobile device 102, base station 104, logic flow 200, logic flow 700, storage medium 800, storage medium 850, mobile device 900, and logic circuit 1028. Or the operation is implemented in a single computational entity, such as completely in a single within a device. Alternatively, device 1000 may use a distributed system architecture to integrate one or more of mobile device 102, base station 104, logic process 200, logic process 700, storage medium 800, storage medium 850, mobile device 900, and logic circuit 1028. The structure and/or operation part is dispersed among multiple computing entities, such as client-server architecture, 3-tier architecture, N-tier architecture, tightly coupled or cluster architecture, peer architecture, master-server architecture, shared database architecture, and other types of decentralized systems. The embodiments are not limited to this context.

In one embodiment, the radio interface 1010 may include components or combinations of components adapted to transmit and/or receive single-carrier or multi-carrier modulated signals (eg, including complementary code keying (CCK), OFDM (OFDM), and/or single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols), although embodiments are not limited to any specific air interface or modulation scheme. Radio interface 1010 may include, for example, receiver 1012, frequency synthesizer 1014, and/or transmitter 1016. Radio interface 1010 may include bias control, a crystal oscillator, and/or one or more antennas 1018- f . In another embodiment, the radio interface 1010 may use an external voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), surface acoustic wave filter, intermediate frequency (IF) filter, and/or RF filter as needed. Due to the variety of potential RF interface designs, an extensive description is omitted.

Baseband circuitry 1020 may communicate with radio interface 1010 to process receive and/or transmit signals, and may include, for example, a mixer for down-converting received RF signals, an analog-to-digital mixer for converting analog signals to digital form, Converter 1022, used to convert digital signals to analog digital to an analog converter 1024, and a mixer for upconverting the signal for transmission. Additionally, baseband circuitry 1020 may include baseband or physical layer (PHY) processing circuitry 1026 for PHY link layer processing of individual receive/transmit signals. Baseband circuitry 1020 may include, for example, media access control (MAC) processing circuitry 1027 for MAC/data link layer processing. Baseband circuitry 1020 may include a memory controller 1032 for communicating with, for example, MAC processing circuitry 1027 and/or computing platform 1030 via one or more interfaces 1034 .

In some embodiments, PHY processing circuitry 1026 may include frame construction and/or detection modules, combined with additional circuitry such as buffer memory, to construct and/or deconstruct communication frames. Alternatively or additionally, MAC processing circuit 1027 may share processing of some of these functions with PHY processing circuit 1026 or perform these procedures independently. In some embodiments, MAC and PHY processing may be integrated in a single circuit.

The computing platform 1030 can provide computing functions of the device 1000 . As shown, computing platform 1030 may include processing component 1040. In addition to or in place of baseband circuitry 1020 , device 1000 may use processing component 1040 to execute mobile device 102 , base station 104 , logic flow 200 , logic flow 700 , storage media 800 , storage media 850 , mobile device 900 , and the processing operations or logic of one or more of logic circuits 1028 . Processing component 1040 (and/or PHY 1026 and/or MAC 1027) may include various hardware components, software components, or a combination of both. Examples of hardware elements may include devices, logic devices, components, processors, microprocessors, circuits, processor circuits, circuit elements (e.g., transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and the like), integrated circuits, application special integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), Memory cells, logic gates, registers, semiconductor devices, chips, microchips, chipsets, and the like. Examples of software components may include software components, programs, applications, computer programs, application programs, system programs, software development programs, machine programs, operating system software, middleware, firmware, software modules, routines, subroutines, Function, method, program, software interface, application programming interface (API), instruction set, operation code, computer code, code segment, computer code segment, word, value, symbol, or any combination of the above. The determination of whether to use hardware components and/or software components to implement an embodiment may vary depending on any number of factors, such as desired computing rate, power level, thermal resistance, processing cycle budget, input data rate, output data rate , memory resources, data bus speeds, and other design or performance constraints that are desired for a given implementation.

Computing platform 1030 may further include other platform components 1050 . Other platform components 1050 include common computing components, such as one or more processors, multi-core processors, co-processors, memory units, chipsets, controllers, peripherals, interfaces, oscillators, timing devices, video cards, audio cards, multimedia input/output (I/O) components (such as digital displays), power supplies, and the like. Examples of memory units may include, but are not limited to, various types of computer-readable and machine-readable storage media in the form of one or more higher-speed memory units, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access Memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM) ), double data rate DRAM (DDRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, polymer memory like ferroelectric polymer memory, ovonic memory, phase change or ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) Memory, magnetic or optical cards, device arrays such as independent disk (RAID) drives, solid-state memory devices (such as USB memory, solid-state drives (SSD)), and any other type of storage suitable for storing information.

Device 1000 may be, for example, an ultra-mobile device, a mobile device, a stationary device, a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile computing device, a smart phone, a telephone, a digital phone, a cellular phone, a user device, eBook reader, mobile phone, one-way pager, two-way pager, messaging device, computer, personal computer (PC), desktop computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, netbook computer, handheld computer, tablet computer, Server, server array or server farm, network (web) server, network server, Internet server, workstation, minicomputer, mainframe computer, supercomputer, network equipment, network equipment, distributed computing Systems, multiprocessor systems, processor-based systems, consumer electronics, programmable consumer electronics, gaming devices, monitors, televisions, digital televisions, set-top boxes, wireless access points, base stations, node B, User station, mobile user center, radio network controller, router, hub, gateway, bridge, switch, machine, or a combination of the above. Accordingly, the functionality and/or specific configurations of device 1000 described herein It may be included or omitted in various embodiments of device 1000 as appropriate.

Embodiments of device 1000 may be implemented using a single-input single-output (SISO) architecture. However, some implementations may include multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 1018- f ).

The components and features of device 1000 may be implemented using any combination of discrete circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), logic gates, and/or single-chip architectures. Additionally, features of device 1000 may be implemented using microcontrollers, programmable logic arrays, and/or microprocessors, or any combination of the foregoing, where appropriate. Note that hardware, firmware, and/or software components may be collectively or individually referred to herein as "logic" or "circuitry."

It should be understood that the exemplary device 1000 shown as a block diagram in FIG. 10 may represent a functional descriptive example of many potential implementations. Accordingly, the separation, omission, or inclusion of block functions shown in the figures does not mean that the hardware components, circuits, software, and/or elements implementing these functions absolutely must be separated, omitted, or included in the embodiments.

Figure 11 illustrates an embodiment of a broadband wireless access system 1100. As shown in Figure 11, the broadband wireless access system 1100 can be an Internet Protocol (IP) type network, including an Internet 1110 type network or the like, which can support operations on the Internet 1110 Wireless access and/or fixed wireless access. In one or more embodiments, the broadband wireless access system 1100 may include any type of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) based or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) based. Wi-Fi, like It is a system that complies with one or more of the 3GPP LTE specifications and/or the IEEE 802.16 standard, and the scope of the subject matter of the claimed rights is not limited to these aspects.

In the exemplary broadband wireless access system 1100, radio access networks (RAN) 1112 and 1118 can be coupled to evolved node B or base stations (eNB) 1114 and 1120, respectively, to provide one or more fixed devices 1116 with Internet access. Wireless communication between networks 1110 and/or between one or more mobile devices 1122 and the Internet 1110 . Examples of fixed device 1116 and mobile device 1122 are device 1000 of FIG. 10 , where fixed device 1116 includes a stationary version of device 1000 and mobile device 1122 includes a mobile version of device 1000 . RAN 1112 and 1118 may implement profiles that define the mapping of network functions to one or more physical entities on broadband wireless access system 1100 . eNBs 1114 and 1120 may include radios to provide RF communications with fixed devices 1116 and/or mobile devices 1122, as described with reference to device 1000, and may include PHY and MAC layers, for example, in compliance with 3GPP LTE specifications or IEEE 802.16 standards. equipment. Base stations or eNBs 1114 and 1120 may further include IP backplanes to couple to the Internet 1110 via RANs 1112 and 1118, respectively, although the scope of claimed subject matter is not limited to these aspects.

The broadband wireless access system 1100 may further include a visited core network (CN) 1124 and/or a home CN 1126, each of which can provide one or more network functions, including but not limited to proxy and/or relay type functions, For example, authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) functions, dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) functions, or domain name service control, etc., such as public switched circuit network (PSTN) gateway or voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) ) Gateway's domain gateway and/or Internet Protocol (IP) type server functions, etc. However, these are merely examples of the types of functions that can be provided by the respondent CN 1124 and/or the home CN 1126, and the scope of the subject matter of the claimed rights is not limited to these aspects. Visited CN 1124 may be referred to as a visited CN when home CN 1126 is not part of the regular service provider for fixed device 1116 or mobile device 1122 , such as when fixed device 1116 or mobile device 1122 is leaving its respective home CN 1126 When roaming, or when the broadband wireless access system 1100 is part of the regular service provider of the fixed device 1116 or mobile device 1122 but the broadband wireless access system 1100 is in another location that is not the primary or home location of the fixed device 1116 or mobile device 1122 When in position or state. The embodiments are not limited to this context.

Fixed device 1116 may be located anywhere within range of a base station or one or both of eNBs 1114 and 1120, such as in or near a home or business and connected to the home via base station or eNBs 1114 and 1120 and RANs 1112 and 1118, respectively. CN 1126 provides broadband access to Internet 1110 for home or business customers. Note that although the fixture 1116 is generally disposed in a rest position, it may be moved to a different position as desired. Mobile device 1122 may be utilized at one or more locations if it is within range of, for example, a base station or one or both of eNBs 1114 and 1120. According to one or more embodiments, an operations support system (OSS) 1128 may be part of the broadband wireless access system 1100 to provide management functions of the broadband wireless access system 1100 and provide communication between functional entities of the broadband wireless access system 1100 interface. The broadband wireless access system 1100 in Figure 11 is only one type of wireless network showing one of several components of the broadband wireless access system 1100. Furthermore, the scope of the subject matter in which the rights are claimed is not limited to these aspects.

Various embodiments may be implemented using hardware elements, software elements, or a combination of both. Examples of hardware components include processors, microprocessors, circuits, circuit components (such as transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and the like), integrated circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLD), digital signal processors (DSP), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), logic gates, registers, semiconductor devices, chips, microchips, chipsets, and the like. Examples of software elements may include software components, programs, applications, computer programs, application programs, system programs, machine programs, operating system software, middleware, firmware, software modules, routines, subroutines, functions, methods, A program, software interface, application programming interface (API), instruction set, operation code, computer code, code segment, computer code segment, word, value, symbol, or any combination of the foregoing. The determination of whether to use hardware components and/or software components to implement an embodiment may vary depending on any number of factors, such as desired computing rate, power level, thermal resistance, processing cycle budget, input data rate, output data rate , memory resources, data bus speed, and other design or performance limitations.

One or more aspects of at least the embodiments may be implemented by representing instructions stored on a machine-readable medium, which instructions represent various logic within a processor and which, when read by a machine, cause the machine to fabricate logic to Perform the techniques described in this article. This representation, called the "Intellectual Property Core," can be stored on a tangible machine-readable medium and supplied to various customers or manufacturers for loading into the manufacturing machines that actually manufacture the logic or processors. For example, some embodiments may be implemented using a machine-readable medium or object that can store instructions or sets of instructions. , if the instruction or set of instructions is executed by a machine, the machine will be caused to perform the methods and/or operations according to the embodiments. Such machines may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, etc., and may be performed using any suitable combination of hardware and/or software. implementation. The machine-readable medium or object may include, for example, any suitable type of memory unit, memory device, memory object, memory medium, storage device, storage object, storage medium, and/or storage unit, e.g., a memory, Removable or non-removable media, removable or non-removable media, writable or non-writable media, digital or analog media, hard disk, floppy disk, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , recordable disc (CD-R), rewritable disc (CD-RW), optical disc, magnetic media, opto-magnetic media, removable memory card or disc, various types of digital versatile disc (DVD), tape , cassettes, etc. Instructions may include any suitable type of code implemented in any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, virtual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language, such as source code, compiled code, decoded code, executable code, static code , dynamic code, encrypted code, etc.

The following examples relate to further implementations:

Example 1 is an apparatus including memory and logic, at least a portion of the logic being implemented in circuitry coupled to the memory, the logic generating a set of transmission reference signals transmitted by a candidate transmission beam set, processing to identify a first transmission beam set A first instruction generates a group of data signals transmitted by the first transmission beam set, processes a second instruction identifying a second transmission beam set, and specifies retransmission of one or more data signals by the second transmission beam set.

Example 2 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes transmission logic to periodically transmit the set of reference signals.

Example 3 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes transmission logic to transmit each reference signal using the corresponding candidate transmission beam.

Example 4 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein, in which each transmission beam in the candidate transmission beam set is identified by a transmission beam identifier.

Example 5 is an extension of Example 4 or any other example disclosed herein, pre-defining the transmission beam identifier for each transmission beam in the candidate transmission beam set.

Example 6 is an extension of Example 4 or any other example disclosed herein, the first indication includes one or more transmission beam identifiers.

Example 7 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein, the first transmission beam set includes a subset of the candidate transmission beam set.

Example 8 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein where the data signal includes one or more code blocks.

Example 9 is an extension of Example 3 or any other example disclosed herein, the transmission logic uses the corresponding transmission beam from the first transmission beam set to transmit each data signal sequentially.

Example 10 is an extension of Example 9 or any other example disclosed herein, recycling the transmission beams from the first transmission beam set to transmit the data signal group.

Example 11 is an extension of Example 10 or any other example disclosed herein, the second indication includes a field indicating one or more positions within the transmission sequence of the recycled first transmission beam set.

Example 12 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein, the second transmission beam set includes a subset of the first transmission beam set.

Example 13 is an extension of Example 12 or any other example disclosed herein, the second set of transmission beams includes transmission beams corresponding to the successfully decoded data signals transmitted by the first set of transmission beams.

Example 14 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes using corresponding transmission beams from the second transmission beam set to sequentially retransmit the one or more data specified to be retransmitted. The transmission logic of each signal.

Example 15 is an extension of Example 1 or any other example disclosed herein, indicating that the one or more data signals to be retransmitted include at least unsuccessfully decoded data signals transmitted by transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams.

Example 16 is a mobile device and at least a radio frequency (RF) transceiver according to any of Examples 1 to 15 or any other example disclosed herein.

Example 17 is a base station and at least a radio frequency (RF) transceiver according to any of Examples 1 to 15 or any other example disclosed herein.

Example 18 is a wireless communication method that includes generating a transmission reference signal set transmitted by a candidate transmission beam set, processing a first indication identifying a first better transmission beam set, and generating a or Multiple data signals are processed to identify the second index of the second best transmission beam set. display, and select one or more of the data signals for retransmission by the second preferred transmission beam set.

Example 19 is an extension of Example 18 or any other example disclosed herein, including generating the one or more reference signals for periodic transmission.

Example 20 is an extension of Example 18 or any other example disclosed herein, using corresponding candidate transmission beams to transmit each reference signal.

Example 21 is an extension of Example 18 or any other example disclosed herein, identifying each transmission beam in the candidate transmission beam set by a transmission beam identifier.

Example 22 is an extension of Example 21 or any other example disclosed herein, pre-defining the transmission beam identifier for each transmission beam in the candidate transmission beam set.

Example 23 is an extension of Example 21 or any other example disclosed herein, the first indication includes one or more transmission beam identifiers.

Example 24 is an extension of Example 18 or any other example disclosed herein, the first preferred transmission beam set includes a subset of the candidate transmission beam set.

Example 25 is an extension of Example 18 or any other example disclosed herein, each data signal includes one or more code blocks.

Example 26 is an extension of Example 25 or any other example disclosed herein, using corresponding transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams to sequentially transmit each of the data signals.

Example 27 is an extension of Example 26 or any other example disclosed herein, recycling the transmission beams from the first transmission beam set to transmit Send the one or more data signals.

Example 28 is an extension of Example 27 or any other example disclosed herein, the second indication includes a field indicating one or more positions within the transmission sequence of the recycled first transmission beam set.

Example 29 is an extension of Example 18 or any other example disclosed herein, the second transmission beam set includes a subset of the first transmission beam set.

Example 30 is an extension of Example 29 or any other example disclosed herein, the second set of transmission beams includes transmission beams corresponding to the successfully decoded data signals transmitted by the first set of transmission beams.

Example 31 is an extension of Example 18 or any other example disclosed herein, using corresponding transmission beams from the second transmission beam set to sequentially retransmit each data signal of the retransmission data signal group specified to be retransmitted.

Example 32 is an extension of Example 31 or any other example disclosed herein, the group of retransmitted data signals includes at least unsuccessfully decoded data signals transmitted by transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams.

Example 33 is at least a non-transitory computer readable storage medium including a set of instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to perform any of Examples 18 through 32 or any other example disclosed herein. wireless communication method.

Example 34 is an apparatus including means for performing a wireless communication method according to any of Examples 18 to 32 or any other example disclosed herein.

Example 35 is at least a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including a set of wireless communications instructions that causes execution in response to execution on a computing device. The computing device generates a set of transmission reference signals transmitted by the candidate transmission beam set, processes an indication of identifying a first better transmission beam set, generates one or more data signals transmitted by the first better transmission beam set, and processes a second better transmission beam set. 2. An indication of a better transmission beam set, and specifying a subset of the data signals to be retransmitted by the second better transmission beam set.

Example 36 is an extension of Example 35 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a wireless communication instruction set that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to generate the one or more reference signals for periodic transmission.

Example 37 is an extension of Example 35 or any other example disclosed herein, including a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to use a corresponding candidate transmission beam to specify each reference signal for transmission. .

Example 38 is an extension of Example 35 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to associate each transmission beam in the candidate transmission beam set with a predefined Transmit beam identifier association.

Example 39 is an extension of Example 38 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, cause the computing device to determine the first transmission beam identifier based on instructions including one or more transmission beam identifiers. This identification of a preferred set of transmission beams.

Example 40 is an extension of Example 35 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to use corresponding signals from the first preferred transmission beam set. A transmission beam is used to designate each data signal for sequential transmission.

Example 41 is an extension of Example 40 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, cause the computing device to specify recycling of the transmission beams from the first set of transmission beams. to transmit the one or more data signals.

Example 42 is an extension of Example 41 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that are responsive to being executed on a computing device to cause the computing device to transmit in accordance with the cycled first preferred set of transmission beams. The indication of the second preferred transmission beam set is determined sequentially.

Example 43 is an extension of Example 35 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to use a corresponding transmission beam from the second preferred transmission beam set. to specify the subset of data signals used for sequential retransmission.

Example 44 is an apparatus including memory and logic, at least a portion of the logic implemented in circuitry coupled to the memory, the logic generating one or more first signals transmitted by a first set of transmission beams, processing and processing the one or more first signals transmitted by a first set of transmission beams. or feedback information related to multiple first signals, select a second transmission beam set based on the feedback information, and specify that one or more second signals are transmitted by the second transmission beam set.

Example 45 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes transmission logic for sequentially transmitting the one or more first signals.

Example 46 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, and the logic further includes the logic to operate on approximately separate frequency bands at approximately the same time. Transmission logic for transmitting the one or more first signals.

Example 47 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, each of the one or more first signals includes one of a data signal, a control signal, and a reference signal.

Example 48 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes transmission logic to recycle the first set of transmission beams to transmit the one or more first signals.

Example 49 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein. The feedback information includes one of wideband channel quality indicator (CQI), codeword specific CQI, wideband CQI, wideband class indicator (RI), and received power. or more.

Example 50 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, the second set of transmission beams includes a subset of the first set of transmission beams.

Example 51 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, and the logic further includes transmission logic for sequentially transmitting the one or more second signals.

Example 52 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further including transmission logic to transmit the one or more second signals on approximately separate frequency bands at approximately the same time.

Example 53 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, each of the one or more second signals includes one of a data signal, a control signal, and a reference signal.

Example 54 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes recycling the second set of transmission beams to Transmission logic for transmitting the one or more second signals.

Example 55 is an extension of Example 44 or any other example disclosed herein, where the one or more second signals are different from the one or more first signals.

Example 56 is a mobile device and at least a radio frequency (RF) transceiver according to any of Examples 44 to 55 or any other example disclosed herein.

Example 57 is a base station and at least a radio frequency (RF) transceiver according to any of Examples 44-55 or any other example disclosed herein.

Example 58 is a wireless communication method, including generating one or more first signal sets transmitted by a first transmission beam set, processing feedback information related to the one or more first signals, and selecting a second transmission based on the feedback information. beam set, and indicates that one or more second signals are transmitted by the second transmission beam set.

Example 59 is an extension of Example 58 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes transmission logic for sequentially transmitting the one or more first signals.

Example 60 is an extension of Example 58 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further including transmission logic to transmit the one or more first signals on approximately separate frequency bands at approximately the same time.

Example 61 is an extension of Example 58 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes transmission logic to recycle the first set of transmission beams to transmit the one or more first signals.

Example 62 is an extension of Example 58 or any other example disclosed herein, and the logic further includes transmission logic for sequentially transmitting the one or more second signals.

Example 63 is an extension of Example 58 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further including transmission logic to transmit the one or more second signals on approximately separate frequency bands at approximately the same time.

Example 64 is an extension of Example 58 or any other example disclosed herein, the logic further includes transmission logic to recycle the second set of transmission beams to transmit the one or more second signals.

Example 65 is at least a non-transitory computer readable storage medium including a set of instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to perform any of Examples 58 through 64 or any other example disclosed herein. wireless communication method.

Example 66 is an apparatus including means for performing a wireless communication method according to any of Examples 58 to 64 or any other example disclosed herein.

Example 67 is at least a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to generate one or more transmission beams transmitted by the first transmission beam set. a first signal set, processing feedback information related to the one or more first signals, selecting a second transmission beam set based on the feedback information, and specifying that the second transmission beam set transmits one or more second signals .

Example 68 is an extension of Example 67 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to specify the sequential transmission of the one or more first signals.

Example 69 is a continuation of Example 67 or any other example disclosed herein. An extension includes a set of wireless communication instructions responsive to being executed on a computing device to cause the computing device to specify transmission of the one or more first signals at approximately the same time on approximately separate frequency bands.

Example 70 is an extension of Example 67 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, cause the computing device to specify that the first transmission beam set be recycled to transmit the one or more a first signal.

Example 71 is an extension of Example 67 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a wireless communication instruction set that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to receive the feedback information, which includes a wideband channel quality indicator (CQI). , one or more of codeword specific CQI, wideband CQI, wideband level indicator (RI), and received power.

Example 72 is an extension of Example 67 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a set of wireless communication instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to specify the sequential transmission of the one or more second signals.

Example 73 is an extension of Example 67 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a wireless communication instruction set that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to specify the one or more frequency bands on approximately separate frequency bands at approximately the same time. Transmission of the second signal.

Example 74 is an extension of Example 67 or any other example disclosed herein and includes a wireless communication instruction set that, in response to being executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to specify that the second transmission beam set be recycled to transmit the one or more a second signal.

In the above example, any computer-readable storage medium can be transient or Non-transient.

Various specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known operations, components, and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments. It is understood that the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are representative and do not absolutely limit the scope of the embodiments.

The words "coupling" and "connecting" along with their derivatives may be used to describe some embodiments. These terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. For example, some embodiments may be described using the terms "connected" and/or "coupled" to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. However, the term "coupled" can also refer to two or more components that are not in direct contact with each other but still cooperate or interact with each other.

Unless otherwise indicated, it is understood that terms such as "processing", "computing", "calculation", "determination", etc. refer to the actions and/or programs of a computer or computing system or similar electronic computing device, which Manipulate and/or transform data expressed as physical quantities (such as electronics) in the registers and/or memories of the computing system into data in the memory, registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices of the computing system. Other data with similar representations of physical quantities. The embodiments are not limited to this context.

It should be noted that the methods described herein need not be performed in the order recited, or in any particular order. Furthermore, various acts described in connection with the methods noted herein may be performed in a sequential or parallel manner.

Although specific embodiments have been shown and described herein, it should be understood that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. Book Disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of LIZHI in various implementations. It is to be understood that the above description is made by way of illustration and not limitation. Combinations of the above embodiments and other embodiments not specifically described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Accordingly, the scope of the various embodiments includes any other applications in which the above-described compositions, structures, and methods are used.

It is emphasized that the Abstract of the Disclosure is provided in compliance with U.S. Patent Regulation 37 C.F.R §1.72(b), which requires an abstract that allows the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is believed that this abstract will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the patent application. Additionally, in the above-described embodiments, it can be seen that various features are grouped into a single embodiment in order to streamline the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as indicating that the claimed embodiments require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following patent scopes reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Accordingly, the following patent scope is hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein" respectively. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are for labeling purposes only and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

Although the subject matter has been described in terms of specific structural features and/or methodological actions, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the patent scope of the appended application is not absolutely limited to the above-mentioned specific features or actions. More precisely, reveal The specific features or actions described above are exemplary forms of implementing the claimed items.

Claims (15)

A signal transmission device comprising: a memory; and logic, at least a portion of which is implemented in circuitry coupled to the memory, the logic is configured to: generate a reference signal set transmitted by a candidate transmission beam set; process a first indication , the first indication identifying a first transmission beam set; generating a data signal group transmitted from the first transmission beam set to a receiver; receiving a second indication from the receiver, the second indication identifying a third transmission beam set for retransmission. a set of data signals, the second indication identifying a second set of transmission beams; and retransmitting the first set of data signals via the second set of transmission beams. For example, in the signal transmission device of Item 1 of the patent application, the logic further includes transmission logic for transmitting each reference signal using a corresponding candidate transmission beam. For example, in the signal transmission equipment of Item 1 of the patent application, each transmission beam in the candidate transmission beam set is identified by a transmission beam identifier. For the signal transmission equipment of Item 3 of the patent application, the first indication includes one or more transmission beam identifiers. For example, in the signal transmission equipment of Item 1 of the patent application, the first transmission beam set includes a subset of the candidate transmission beam set. If the signal transmission equipment in item 2 of the patent scope is applied for, the transmission Logic is used to transmit each data signal sequentially using a corresponding transmission beam from the first set of transmission beams. For example, in the signal transmission equipment of Item 6 of the patent application, the transmission beams of the first transmission beam set are recycled to transmit the data signal group. For example, in the case of the signal transmission equipment of Item 7 of the patent application, the second instruction includes a field indicating one or more positions within the transmission sequence of the recycled first transmission beam set. For example, in the signal transmission equipment of claim 1, the second transmission beam set includes a subset of the first transmission beam set. For example, in the signal transmission device of claim 9, the second transmission beam set includes transmission beams corresponding to the successfully decoded data signals transmitted using the first transmission beam set. For example, in the signal transmission device of claim 2, the transmission logic is used to sequentially retransmit each of the first data signal set specified for retransmission using the corresponding transmission beam from the second transmission beam set. By. A computer-readable storage medium includes a wireless communication instruction set that, in response to execution of the wireless communication instruction set on a computing device, causes the computing device to: generate one or more reference signals for transmission in a candidate transmission beam set; process a first identification of a preferred transmission beam set; generating one or more data signals for transmission to a receiver with the first preferred transmission beam set; receiving identification of a second preferred transmission beam set from the receiver and for Identification of the retransmitted first set of data signals; and retransmitting the first set of data signals with the second preferred set of transmission beams. For example, the computer-readable storage medium of claim 12 includes wireless communication instructions that cause the computing device to determine based on instructions including one or more transmission beam identifiers in response to execution of the wireless communication instructions on the computing device. The identification of the first preferred set of transmission beams. For example, the computer-readable storage medium of claim 12 includes wireless communication instructions that cause the computing device to use corresponding transmissions from the first preferred transmission beam set in response to execution of the wireless communication instructions on the computing device. The beams are designed to specify the sequential transmission of each data signal. If the computer-readable storage medium of claim 12 includes wireless communication instructions, in response to executing the wireless communication instructions on the computing device, causing the computing device to transmit the one or more data signals according to the The identification of the second better transmission beam set is determined by the transmission sequence of the first better transmission beam set.

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