TWI812011B - Display device - Google Patents

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TWI812011B
TWI812011B TW111105586A TW111105586A TWI812011B TW I812011 B TWI812011 B TW I812011B TW 111105586 A TW111105586 A TW 111105586A TW 111105586 A TW111105586 A TW 111105586A TW I812011 B TWI812011 B TW I812011B
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polarization
switching structure
polarization direction
polarization switching
display device
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TW111105586A
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TW202334708A (en
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廖仁偉
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友達光電股份有限公司
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Priority to CN202210645046.3A priority patent/CN114911067B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • G09F9/335—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes being organic light emitting diodes [OLED]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A display device includes a display panel, a first polarization switching structure, a transmission layer, a second polarization switching structure and a lens layer. The first polarization switching structure is overlapping with the display panel. The transmission layer includes a first birefringent material, and the transmission layer has a first optical axis. The transmission layer is located between the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure. The lens layer includes a first birefringent material, and the lens layer has a second optical axis. The display panel, the first polarization switching structure, the transmission layer, the second polarization switching structure and the lens layer are sequentially arranged along a first direction, wherein an first angle is between the first optical axis and the first direction, and a second angle is between the second optical axis and the first direction.

Description

顯示裝置display device

本發明是有關於一種顯示裝置。The present invention relates to a display device.

3D顯示技術一直被許多顯示器製造商所關注。相較於2D影像，3D影像更容易提昇使用者的沉浸感，讓使用者有身歷其境的感覺。集成影像顯示器（integral imaging display）是一種利用微透鏡陣列（Micro lens array）的真實立體顯示技術。集成影像具有全視差、連續視點、視疲勞低等優點，因此，目前被視為重要的次世代3D顯示技術。一般而言，微透鏡具有固定的景深（Depth Of Field），且集成影像顯示器只有在中心深度平面（Central Depth. Plane，CDP）附近的範圍內才能形成清楚的影像。3D display technology has always been the focus of many display manufacturers. Compared with 2D images, 3D images can more easily enhance the user's sense of immersion and make the user feel like they are immersed in the scene. Integrated imaging display is a true three-dimensional display technology using micro lens array. Integrated imaging has the advantages of full parallax, continuous viewpoints, and low visual fatigue. Therefore, it is currently regarded as an important next-generation 3D display technology. Generally speaking, microlenses have a fixed depth of field (Depth Of Field), and the integrated image display can only form a clear image in the range near the central depth plane (Central Depth. Plane, CDP).

本發明提供一種顯示裝置，改善了景深範圍太小而導致畫面不清楚的問題。The present invention provides a display device, which improves the problem that the depth of field range is too small and the picture is unclear.

本發明的至少一實施例提供一種顯示裝置。顯示裝置包括顯示面板、第一偏振切換結構、穿透層、第二偏振切換結構以及透鏡層。第一偏振切換結構重疊於顯示面板。穿透層包括第一雙折射材料，且穿透層具有第一光軸。穿透層位於第一偏振切換結構與第二偏振切換結構之間。透鏡層包括一第二雙折射材料，且透鏡層具有第二光軸。顯示面板、第一偏振切換結構、穿透層、第二偏振切換結構以及透鏡層沿著第一方向依序排列，其中第一光軸與第一方向具有第一夾角，且第二光軸與第一方向具有第二夾角。At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device. The display device includes a display panel, a first polarization switching structure, a transmission layer, a second polarization switching structure and a lens layer. The first polarization switching structure overlaps the display panel. The transmissive layer includes a first birefringent material, and the transmissive layer has a first optical axis. The penetration layer is located between the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure. The lens layer includes a second birefringent material, and the lens layer has a second optical axis. The display panel, the first polarization switching structure, the transmission layer, the second polarization switching structure and the lens layer are sequentially arranged along the first direction, wherein the first optical axis has a first included angle with the first direction, and the second optical axis has a first angle with the first direction. The first direction has a second included angle.

圖1A至圖1D是依照本發明的一實施例的一種顯示裝置在不同操作模式下的剖面示意圖。1A to 1D are schematic cross-sectional views of a display device in different operating modes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

請參考圖1A至圖1D，顯示裝置10包括顯示面板100、第一偏振切換結構200、穿透層300、第二偏振切換結構400以及透鏡層500。顯示面板100、第一偏振切換結構200、穿透層300、第二偏振切換結構400以及透鏡層500沿著第一方向D1依序排列。Referring to FIGS. 1A to 1D , the display device 10 includes a display panel 100 , a first polarization switching structure 200 , a transmission layer 300 , a second polarization switching structure 400 and a lens layer 500 . The display panel 100, the first polarization switching structure 200, the transmission layer 300, the second polarization switching structure 400 and the lens layer 500 are sequentially arranged along the first direction D1.

顯示面板100例如為有機發光二極體顯示面板、微型發光二極體顯示面板、液晶顯示面板或其他形式的顯示面板。顯示面板100的發光面朝向第一偏振切換結構200。在圖1A至圖1D的實施例中，顯示面板100朝向第一偏振切換結構200發出光線L。在本實施例中，顯示面板100被配置成發出具有偏振方向P0的光線L。在一些實施例中，顯示面板100為液晶顯示面板，且顯示面板100包括背光模組、液晶面板以及偏光片。在一些實施例中，顯示面板100為有機發光二極體顯示面板（或微型發光二極體顯示面板），且顯示面板100包括有機發光二極體面板（或微型發光二極體面板）以及偏光片。The display panel 100 is, for example, an organic light emitting diode display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, a liquid crystal display panel or other forms of display panels. The light-emitting surface of the display panel 100 faces the first polarization switching structure 200 . In the embodiment of FIGS. 1A to 1D , the display panel 100 emits light L toward the first polarization switching structure 200 . In this embodiment, the display panel 100 is configured to emit light L having a polarization direction P0. In some embodiments, the display panel 100 is a liquid crystal display panel, and the display panel 100 includes a backlight module, a liquid crystal panel, and a polarizer. In some embodiments, the display panel 100 is an organic light-emitting diode display panel (or a micro-LED display panel), and the display panel 100 includes an organic light-emitting diode panel (or a micro-LED panel) and a polarized light emitting diode panel. piece.

第一偏振切換結構200重疊於顯示面板100。在一些實施例中，第一偏振切換結構200包括液晶面板或其他可以改變光線偏振方向的結構。The first polarization switching structure 200 overlaps the display panel 100 . In some embodiments, the first polarization switching structure 200 includes a liquid crystal panel or other structure that can change the polarization direction of light.

第一偏振切換結構200被配置成切換光線的偏振方向。舉例來說，第一偏振切換結構200具有第一操作模式（如圖1A與圖1C所示）與第二操作模式（如圖1B與圖1D所示）。在第一操作模式中，第一偏振切換結構200可以供具有第一偏振方向P1的光線穿過或第一偏振切換結構200將其他偏振方向的光線轉換成具有第一偏振方向P1的光線。在第二操作模式中，第一偏振切換結構200可以供具有第二偏振方向P2的光線穿過或第一偏振切換結構200將其他偏振方向的光線轉換成具有第二偏振方向P2的光線。換句話說，第一偏振切換結構200被配置成使具有第一偏振方向P1的光線（如圖1A與圖1C所示）通過或使具有第二偏振方向P2的光線通過（如圖1B與圖1D所示）。在一些實施例中，第一偏振方向P1與第二偏振方向P2垂直於光線L的行徑方向（例如第一方向D1）。第一偏振方向P1正交於第二偏振方向P2。在圖1A至圖1D中，第一偏振方向P1為縱向，且第二偏振方向P2為垂直紙面的方向，但本發明不以此為限。在其他實施例中，第一偏振方向P1與第二偏振方向P2包括其他方向。在一些實施例中，偏振方向P0等於第一偏振方向P1或第二偏振方向P2。The first polarization switching structure 200 is configured to switch the polarization direction of light. For example, the first polarization switching structure 200 has a first operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C ) and a second operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1D ). In the first operating mode, the first polarization switching structure 200 can allow light with the first polarization direction P1 to pass through or the first polarization switching structure 200 can convert light with other polarization directions into light with the first polarization direction P1. In the second operating mode, the first polarization switching structure 200 can allow light with the second polarization direction P2 to pass through or the first polarization switching structure 200 can convert light with other polarization directions into light with the second polarization direction P2. In other words, the first polarization switching structure 200 is configured to pass light with the first polarization direction P1 (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C ) or to pass light with the second polarization direction P2 (as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C ). shown in 1D). In some embodiments, the first polarization direction P1 and the second polarization direction P2 are perpendicular to the traveling direction of the light L (eg, the first direction D1 ). The first polarization direction P1 is orthogonal to the second polarization direction P2. In FIGS. 1A to 1D , the first polarization direction P1 is the longitudinal direction, and the second polarization direction P2 is the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first polarization direction P1 and the second polarization direction P2 include other directions. In some embodiments, the polarization direction P0 is equal to the first polarization direction P1 or the second polarization direction P2.

穿透層300重疊於第一偏振切換結構200。穿透層300包括第一雙折射材料。在一些實施例中，第一雙折射材料包括方解石、石英或其他雙折射材料。穿透層300具有固定的第一光軸OA1。在一些實施例中，第一光軸OA1與光線的行進方向（例如第一方向D1）具有第一夾角θ1，第一夾角θ1例如為44度至46度，例如45度。在一些實施例中，第一光軸OA1、光線的行進方向（例如第一方向D1）以及第一偏振方向P1位於同一個平面，且第二偏振方向P2不平行於前述同一個平面（例如垂直於前述同一個平面）。The penetration layer 300 overlaps the first polarization switching structure 200 . Transmissive layer 300 includes a first birefringent material. In some embodiments, the first birefringent material includes calcite, quartz, or other birefringent materials. The transmission layer 300 has a fixed first optical axis OA1. In some embodiments, the first optical axis OA1 and the traveling direction of the light (eg, the first direction D1 ) have a first included angle θ1 , and the first included angle θ1 is, for example, 44 to 46 degrees, such as 45 degrees. In some embodiments, the first optical axis OA1, the traveling direction of the light (for example, the first direction D1) and the first polarization direction P1 are located on the same plane, and the second polarization direction P2 is not parallel to the same plane (for example, vertical on the same plane as mentioned above).

在一些實施例中，第一偏振切換結構200在第一操作模式（如圖1A與圖1C所示）中，且穿過穿透層300的光線具有第一偏振方向P1。具有第一偏振方向P1的光線在穿透層300中可稱為非尋常光（extraordinary ray），其中前述非尋常光在穿透層300中的折射率為n e1。 In some embodiments, the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the first operating mode (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C ), and the light passing through the penetration layer 300 has the first polarization direction P1. The light with the first polarization direction P1 in the transmission layer 300 may be called extraordinary light (extraordinary ray), where the refractive index of the aforementioned extraordinary light in the transmission layer 300 is n e1 .

在一些實施例中，第一偏振切換結構200在第二操作模式（如圖1B與圖1D所示）中，且穿過穿透層300的光線具有第二偏振方向P2。具有第二偏振方向P2的光線在穿透層300中可稱為尋常光（ordinary ray），且前述尋常光在穿透層300中的折射率為n o1。 In some embodiments, the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the second operating mode (as shown in FIG. 1B and FIG. 1D), and the light passing through the penetration layer 300 has the second polarization direction P2. The light with the second polarization direction P2 in the transmission layer 300 may be called an ordinary ray, and the aforementioned ordinary ray has a refractive index n o1 in the transmission layer 300 .

折射率n o1與折射率n e1不同，因此，可以藉由切換第一偏振切換結構200，使穿過穿透層300的光線在穿透層300中有不一樣的行進路徑，藉此實質上改變光線從顯示面板100到透鏡層500的行進距離（也可以稱為物距）。在一些實施例中，穿透層300的厚度W1為4毫米至5毫米。 The refractive index n o1 is different from the refractive index n e1 . Therefore, the first polarization switching structure 200 can be switched so that the light passing through the transmission layer 300 has different travel paths in the transmission layer 300 , thereby essentially The distance that light travels from the display panel 100 to the lens layer 500 (which may also be called the object distance) is changed. In some embodiments, the thickness W1 of the penetration layer 300 is 4 mm to 5 mm.

第二偏振切換結構400重疊於穿透層300。穿透層300位於第一偏振切換結構200與第二偏振切換結構400之間。在一些實施例中，第二偏振切換結構400包括液晶面板或其他可以改變光線偏振方向的結構。The second polarization switching structure 400 overlaps the transmission layer 300 . The penetration layer 300 is located between the first polarization switching structure 200 and the second polarization switching structure 400 . In some embodiments, the second polarization switching structure 400 includes a liquid crystal panel or other structure that can change the polarization direction of light.

第二偏振切換結構400被配置成切換光線的偏振方向。舉例來說，第二偏振切換結構400具有第三操作模式（如圖1A與圖1B所示）與第四操作模式（如圖1C與圖1D所示）。在第三操作模式中，第二偏振切換結構400可以供具有第三偏振方向P3的光線穿過或第二偏振切換結構400將其他偏振方向的光線轉換成具有第三偏振方向P3的光線。在第四操作模式中，第二偏振切換結構400可以供具有第四偏振方向P4的光線穿過或第二偏振切換結構400將其他偏振方向的光線轉換成具有第四偏振方向P4的光線。換句話說，第二偏振切換結構400被配置成使具有第三偏振方向P3的光線（如圖1A與圖1B所示）通過或使具有第四偏振方向P4的光線通過（如圖1C與圖1D所示）。在一些實施例中，第三偏振方向P3與第四偏振方向P4垂直於第一方向D1。第三偏振方向P3正交於第四偏振方向P4。在圖1A至圖1D中，第三偏振方向P3平行於第一偏振方向P1，且第四偏振方向P4平行於第二偏振方向P2，但本發明不以此為限。在其他實施例中，第三偏振方向P3與第四偏振方向P4包括其他方向。The second polarization switching structure 400 is configured to switch the polarization direction of light. For example, the second polarization switching structure 400 has a third operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B ) and a fourth operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D ). In the third operating mode, the second polarization switching structure 400 can allow light with the third polarization direction P3 to pass through or the second polarization switching structure 400 can convert light with other polarization directions into light with the third polarization direction P3. In the fourth operating mode, the second polarization switching structure 400 may allow light with the fourth polarization direction P4 to pass through or the second polarization switching structure 400 may convert light with other polarization directions into light with the fourth polarization direction P4. In other words, the second polarization switching structure 400 is configured to pass the light with the third polarization direction P3 (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B ) or to pass the light with the fourth polarization direction P4 (as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1B ). shown in 1D). In some embodiments, the third polarization direction P3 and the fourth polarization direction P4 are perpendicular to the first direction D1. The third polarization direction P3 is orthogonal to the fourth polarization direction P4. In FIGS. 1A to 1D , the third polarization direction P3 is parallel to the first polarization direction P1 , and the fourth polarization direction P4 is parallel to the second polarization direction P2 , but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the third polarization direction P3 and the fourth polarization direction P4 include other directions.

在一些實施例中，第二偏振切換結構400的厚度以及第一偏振切換結構200的厚度小於穿透層300的厚度W1，但本發明不以此為限。In some embodiments, the thickness of the second polarization switching structure 400 and the thickness of the first polarization switching structure 200 are smaller than the thickness W1 of the penetration layer 300 , but the invention is not limited thereto.

透鏡層500重疊於第二偏振切換結構400。透鏡層500包括第二雙折射材料。在一些實施例中，第二雙折射材料包括液晶或其他雙折射材料。透鏡層500具有固定的第二光軸OA2。在一些實施例中，透鏡層500包括多個固定的液晶分子510。液晶分子510經配向而具有固定的走向。在一些實施例中，透鏡層500與第二偏振切換結構400之間還包括配向層（未繪出），但本發明不以此為限。在一些實施例中，液晶分子510的長軸大致上平行於第二光軸OA2。The lens layer 500 overlaps the second polarization switching structure 400 . Lens layer 500 includes a second birefringent material. In some embodiments, the second birefringent material includes liquid crystal or other birefringent material. The lens layer 500 has a fixed second optical axis OA2. In some embodiments, lens layer 500 includes a plurality of immobilized liquid crystal molecules 510 . The liquid crystal molecules 510 are aligned to have a fixed direction. In some embodiments, an alignment layer (not shown) is further included between the lens layer 500 and the second polarization switching structure 400, but the invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 510 is substantially parallel to the second optical axis OA2.

在一些實施例中，第二光軸OA2與第一方向D1具有第一夾角θ2，第二夾角θ2例如為90度。在一些實施例中，第二光軸OA2、第一方向D1以及第三偏振方向P3位於同一個平面，且第四偏振方向P4不平行於前述同一個平面（例如垂直於前述同一個平面）。In some embodiments, the second optical axis OA2 and the first direction D1 have a first included angle θ2, and the second included angle θ2 is, for example, 90 degrees. In some embodiments, the second optical axis OA2, the first direction D1 and the third polarization direction P3 are located on the same plane, and the fourth polarization direction P4 is not parallel to the same plane (for example, perpendicular to the same plane).

在一些實施例中，第二偏振切換結構400在第三操作模式（如圖1A與圖1B所示）中，且穿過透鏡層500的光線具有第三偏振方向P3。具有第三偏振方向P3的光線在透鏡層500中可稱為非尋常光（extraordinary ray），且前述非尋常光在透鏡層500中的折射率為n e2。 In some embodiments, the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the third operating mode (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B ), and the light passing through the lens layer 500 has the third polarization direction P3. The light with the third polarization direction P3 may be called extraordinary light (extraordinary ray) in the lens layer 500 , and the refractive index of the aforementioned extraordinary light in the lens layer 500 is n e2 .

在一些實施例中，第二偏振切換結構400在第四操作模式（如圖1C與圖1D所示）中，且穿過透鏡層500的光線具有第四偏振方向P4。具有第四偏振方向P4的光線在透鏡層500中可稱為尋常光（ordinary ray），且前述尋常光在透鏡層500中的折射率為n o2。 In some embodiments, the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the fourth operating mode (as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D ), and the light passing through the lens layer 500 has the fourth polarization direction P4. The light with the fourth polarization direction P4 may be called ordinary ray in the lens layer 500 , and the refractive index of the ordinary ray in the lens layer 500 is n o2 .

折射率n o2與折射率n e2不同，因此，可以藉由切換第二偏振切換結構400實質上改變透鏡層500對於光線的焦距。換句話說，透鏡層500對於不同偏振方向的光線有不同的焦聚。在一些實施例中，透鏡層500的厚度W2小於穿透層300的厚度W1。在一些實施例中，透鏡層500的厚度W2為10微米至100微米。 The refractive index n o2 is different from the refractive index n e2 . Therefore, the focal length of the lens layer 500 for light can be substantially changed by switching the second polarization switching structure 400 . In other words, the lens layer 500 has different focusing for light with different polarization directions. In some embodiments, the thickness W2 of the lens layer 500 is less than the thickness W1 of the transmission layer 300 . In some embodiments, the lens layer 500 has a thickness W2 of 10 microns to 100 microns.

在本實施例中，顯示裝置10可以具有多個中心深度平面CDP1,CDP2,CDP3,CDP4。中心深度平面CDP1,CDP2,CDP3,CDP4的位置彼此不同。In this embodiment, the display device 10 may have multiple central depth planes CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, and CDP4. The positions of the central depth planes CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, and CDP4 are different from each other.

如圖1A所示，在第一偏振切換結構200為第一操作模式，且第二偏振切換結構400為第三操作模式時，顯示裝置10具有中心深度平面CDP1。此時，在中心深度平面CDP1附近成像的影像可以較為清晰。As shown in FIG. 1A , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the first operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the third operation mode, the display device 10 has a central depth plane CDP1 . At this time, the image formed near the central depth plane CDP1 can be relatively clear.

如圖1B所示，在第一偏振切換結構200為第二操作模式，且第二偏振切換結構400為第三操作模式時，顯示裝置10具有中心深度平面CDP2。此時，在中心深度平面CDP2附近成像的影像可以較為清晰。As shown in FIG. 1B , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the second operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the third operation mode, the display device 10 has a central depth plane CDP2. At this time, the image formed near the central depth plane CDP2 can be relatively clear.

如圖1C所示，在第一偏振切換結構200為第一操作模式，且第二偏振切換結構400為第四操作模式時，顯示裝置10具有中心深度平面CDP3。此時，在中心深度平面CDP3附近成像的影像可以較為清晰。As shown in FIG. 1C , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the first operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the fourth operation mode, the display device 10 has a central depth plane CDP3. At this time, the image formed near the central depth plane CDP3 can be relatively clear.

如圖1D所示，在第一偏振切換結構200為第二操作模式，且第二偏振切換結構400為第四操作模式時，顯示裝置10具有中心深度平面CDP4。此時，在中心深度平面CDP4附近成像的影像可以較為清晰。As shown in FIG. 1D , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the second operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the fourth operation mode, the display device 10 has a central depth plane CDP4. At this time, the image formed near the central depth plane CDP4 can be relatively clear.

基於上述，切換第一偏振切換結構200及/或第二偏振切換結構400，以使顯示裝置10可以具有不同的中心深度平面CDP1,CDP2,CDP3,CDP4，藉此改善了景深範圍太小而導致畫面不清楚的問題。在一些實施例中，藉由時序的設計切換第一偏振切換結構200及/或第二偏振切換結構400，使顯示裝置10的中心深度平面CDP1,CDP2,CDP3,CDP4可以快速地被切換。Based on the above, the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 are switched so that the display device 10 can have different central depth planes CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, CDP4, thereby improving the problem that the depth of field range is too small. The problem of unclear picture. In some embodiments, by switching the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 through timing design, the center depth planes CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, and CDP4 of the display device 10 can be quickly switched.

圖2是依照本發明的一實施例的一種偏振切換結構的剖面示意圖。舉例來說，圖1A至圖1D的第一偏振切換結構200及/或第二偏振切換結構400可以為圖2的偏振切換結構LCP1。Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the polarization switching structure LCP1 of FIG. 2 .

請參考圖2，偏振切換結構LCP1包括第一基板SB1、第二基板SB2、第一液晶層LC、第一電極E1以及第二電極E2。在一些實施例中，偏振切換結構LCP1還包括第一配向層AL1以及第二配向層AL2。Referring to FIG. 2 , the polarization switching structure LCP1 includes a first substrate SB1 , a second substrate SB2 , a first liquid crystal layer LC, a first electrode E1 and a second electrode E2 . In some embodiments, the polarization switching structure LCP1 further includes a first alignment layer AL1 and a second alignment layer AL2.

第一液晶層LC、第一電極E1、第二電極E2、第一配向層AL1以及第二配向層AL2位於第一基板SB1與第二基板SB2之間。第一電極E1以及第一配向層AL1形成於第一基板SB1上，且第二電極E2以及第二配向層AL2形成於第二基板SB2上。藉由第一電極E1以及第二電極E2之間的垂直電場控制液晶分子的方向，藉此改變光線的偏振方向。The first liquid crystal layer LC, the first electrode E1, the second electrode E2, the first alignment layer AL1 and the second alignment layer AL2 are located between the first substrate SB1 and the second substrate SB2. The first electrode E1 and the first alignment layer AL1 are formed on the first substrate SB1, and the second electrode E2 and the second alignment layer AL2 are formed on the second substrate SB2. The direction of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the vertical electric field between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, thereby changing the polarization direction of the light.

在本實施例中，偏振切換結構LCP1為扭轉向列（Twisted Nematic，TN）型液晶面板，但本發明不以此為限。在其他實施例中，偏振切換結構LCP1為垂直排列（Vertical Alignment，VA）型液晶面板、邊緣電場切換（Fringe Field Switching，FFS）型液晶面板、共面轉換（In-Plane Switching，IPS）型液晶面板或視角高清晰技術（Advanced Hyper-Viewing Angle，AHVA）型液晶面板。In this embodiment, the polarization switching structure LCP1 is a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal panel, but the invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the polarization switching structure LCP1 is a vertical alignment (VA) liquid crystal panel, a fringe field switching (FFS) liquid crystal panel, or an in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal. Panel or viewing angle high-definition technology (Advanced Hyper-Viewing Angle, AHVA) type LCD panel.

圖3是依照本發明的另一實施例的一種偏振切換結構的剖面示意圖。舉例來說，圖1A至圖1D的第一偏振切換結構200及/或第二偏振切換結構400可以為圖3的偏振切換結構LCP2。Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. For example, the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the polarization switching structure LCP2 of FIG. 3 .

請參考圖3，偏振切換結構LCP2包括第一基板SB1、第二基板SB2、第一液晶層LC、第一電極E1以及第二電極E2。在一些實施例中，偏振切換結構LCP1還包括第一配向層AL1、第二配向層AL2、第一緩衝層BP1以及第二緩衝層BP2。Referring to FIG. 3 , the polarization switching structure LCP2 includes a first substrate SB1 , a second substrate SB2 , a first liquid crystal layer LC, a first electrode E1 and a second electrode E2 . In some embodiments, the polarization switching structure LCP1 further includes a first alignment layer AL1, a second alignment layer AL2, a first buffer layer BP1 and a second buffer layer BP2.

第一液晶層LC、第一電極E1、第二電極E2、第一配向層AL1、第二配向層AL2、第一緩衝層BP1以及第二緩衝層BP2位於第一基板SB1與第二基板SB2之間。第一電極E1、第二電極E2、第一配向層AL1、第一緩衝層BP1以及第二緩衝層BP2形成於第一基板SB1上，且第二配向層AL2形成於第二基板SB2上。藉由第一電極E1以及第二電極E2之間的橫向電場控制液晶分子的方向，藉此改變光線的偏振方向。The first liquid crystal layer LC, the first electrode E1, the second electrode E2, the first alignment layer AL1, the second alignment layer AL2, the first buffer layer BP1 and the second buffer layer BP2 are located between the first substrate SB1 and the second substrate SB2. between. The first electrode E1, the second electrode E2, the first alignment layer AL1, the first buffer layer BP1 and the second buffer layer BP2 are formed on the first substrate SB1, and the second alignment layer AL2 is formed on the second substrate SB2. The direction of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the transverse electric field between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, thereby changing the polarization direction of the light.

在本實施例中，偏振切換結構LCP2為共面轉換（In-Plane Switching，IPS）型液晶面板。In this embodiment, the polarization switching structure LCP2 is an In-Plane Switching (IPS) liquid crystal panel.

圖4是依照本發明的一實施例的一種顯示面板的剖面示意圖。舉例來說，圖1A至圖1D的顯示面板100可以為圖4的顯示面板100A。FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the display panel 100 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the display panel 100A of FIG. 4 .

請參考圖4，顯示面板100A包括互相重疊的背光模組BL、第一偏光片PL1、液晶面板LCP以及第二偏光片PL2。在一些實施例中，液晶面板LCP位於背光模組BL與第一偏振切換結構（請參考圖1A至圖1D）之間。Referring to FIG. 4 , the display panel 100A includes a backlight module BL, a first polarizer PL1 , a liquid crystal panel LCP and a second polarizer PL2 that overlap each other. In some embodiments, the liquid crystal panel LCP is located between the backlight module BL and the first polarization switching structure (please refer to FIGS. 1A to 1D ).

液晶面板LCP可以為任意形式的液晶面板。在本實施例中，第一偏光片PL1以及第二偏光片PL2設置於液晶面板LCP的外側，但本發明不以此為限。在其他實施例中，第一偏光片PL1以及第二偏光片PL2設置於液晶面板LCP中。The liquid crystal panel LCP can be any form of liquid crystal panel. In this embodiment, the first polarizer PL1 and the second polarizer PL2 are disposed outside the liquid crystal panel LCP, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first polarizer PL1 and the second polarizer PL2 are disposed in the liquid crystal panel LCP.

在一些實施例中，顯示面板100A的液晶面板LCP與圖2的偏振切換結構LCP1或圖3的偏振切換結構LCP2包括類似的結構，其中圖2的偏振切換結構LCP1與圖3的偏振切換結構LCP2中不包括偏光片。In some embodiments, the liquid crystal panel LCP of the display panel 100A includes a similar structure to the polarization switching structure LCP1 of FIG. 2 or the polarization switching structure LCP2 of FIG. 3 , wherein the polarization switching structure LCP1 of FIG. 2 is the same as the polarization switching structure LCP2 of FIG. 3 Polarizer is not included.

圖5是依照本發明的一實施例的一種顯示面板的剖面示意圖。舉例來說，圖1A至圖1D的顯示面板100可以為圖5的顯示面板100B。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the display panel 100 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the display panel 100B of FIG. 5 .

請參考圖5，顯示面板100B包括互相重疊的發光二極體顯示面板LEDS以及第一偏光片PL1。在一些實施例中，第一偏光片PL1位於發光二極體顯示面板LEDS與第一偏振切換結構（請參考圖1A至圖1D）之間。Referring to FIG. 5 , the display panel 100B includes a light-emitting diode display panel LEDS and a first polarizer PL1 that overlap each other. In some embodiments, the first polarizer PL1 is located between the light-emitting diode display panel LEDS and the first polarization switching structure (please refer to FIGS. 1A to 1D ).

在本實施例中，發光二極體顯示面板LEDS為微型發光二極體顯示面板，但本發明不以此為限。在其他實施例中，發光二極體顯示面板LEDS為有機發光二極體顯示面板。In this embodiment, the light-emitting diode display panel LEDS is a micro light-emitting diode display panel, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the light-emitting diode display panel LEDS is an organic light-emitting diode display panel.

10:顯示裝置 100:顯示面板 200:第一偏振切換結構 300:穿透層 400:第二偏振切換結構 500:透鏡層 510:液晶分子 AL1:第一配向層 AL2:第二配向層 BL:背光模組 BP1:第一緩衝層 BP2:第二緩衝層 CDP1, CDP2, CDP3,CDP4:中心深度平面 D1:第一方向 E1:第一電極 E2:第二電極 L:光線 LC:第一液晶層 LCP:液晶面板 LCP1,LCP2:偏振切換結構 LEDS:發光二極體顯示面板 OA1:第一光軸 OA2:第二光軸 P0:偏振方向 P1:第一偏振方向 P2:第二偏振方向 P3:第三偏振方向 P4:第四偏振方向 PL1:第一偏光片 PL2:第二偏光片 SB1:第一基板 SB2:第二基板 W1, W2:厚度 θ1:第一夾角 θ2:第二夾角 10:Display device 100:Display panel 200: First polarization switching structure 300: Penetration layer 400: Second polarization switching structure 500: Lens layer 510:Liquid crystal molecules AL1: first alignment layer AL2: Second alignment layer BL: Backlight module BP1: first buffer layer BP2: Second buffer layer CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, CDP4: center depth plane D1: first direction E1: first electrode E2: second electrode L:Light LC: first liquid crystal layer LCP: liquid crystal panel LCP1, LCP2: polarization switching structure LEDS: light emitting diode display panel OA1: first optical axis OA2: Second optical axis P0: polarization direction P1: first polarization direction P2: Second polarization direction P3: The third polarization direction P4: The fourth polarization direction PL1: The first polarizer PL2: Second polarizer SB1: First substrate SB2: Second substrate W1, W2: Thickness θ1: the first included angle θ2: The second included angle

圖1A至圖1D是依照本發明的一實施例的一種顯示裝置在不同操作模式下的剖面示意圖。 圖2是依照本發明的一實施例的一種偏振切換結構的剖面示意圖。 圖3是依照本發明的一實施例的一種偏振切換結構的剖面示意圖。 圖4是依照本發明的一實施例的一種顯示面板的剖面示意圖。 圖5是依照本發明的一實施例的一種顯示面板的剖面示意圖。 1A to 1D are schematic cross-sectional views of a display device in different operating modes according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10:顯示裝置 10:Display device

100:顯示面板 100:Display panel

200:第一偏振切換結構 200: First polarization switching structure

300:穿透層 300: Penetration layer

400:第二偏振切換結構 400: Second polarization switching structure

500:透鏡層 500: Lens layer

510:液晶分子 510:Liquid crystal molecules

CDP1,CDP2,CDP3,CDP4:中心深度平面 CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, CDP4: center depth plane

D1:第一方向 D1: first direction

L:光線 L:Light

OA1:第一光軸 OA1: first optical axis

OA2:第二光軸 OA2: Second optical axis

P0:偏振方向 P0: polarization direction

P1:第一偏振方向 P1: first polarization direction

P3:第三偏振方向 P3: The third polarization direction

W1,W2:厚度 W1, W2: Thickness

θ 1:第一夾角 θ 1: the first included angle

θ 2:第二夾角 θ 2: The second included angle

Claims (14)

一種顯示裝置，包括：一顯示面板；一第一偏振切換結構，重疊於該顯示面板；一穿透層，其中該穿透層包括一第一雙折射材料，且該穿透層具有一第一光軸，其中該穿透層的厚度為4毫米至5毫米；一第二偏振切換結構，其中該穿透層位於該第一偏振切換結構與該第二偏振切換結構之間；以及一透鏡層，其中該透鏡層包括一第二雙折射材料，且該透鏡層具有一第二光軸，其中該顯示面板、該第一偏振切換結構、該穿透層、該第二偏振切換結構以及該透鏡層沿著一第一方向依序排列，其中該第一光軸與該第一方向具有一第一夾角，且該第二光軸與該第一方向具有一第二夾角。 A display device, including: a display panel; a first polarization switching structure overlapping the display panel; a transmission layer, wherein the transmission layer includes a first birefringent material, and the transmission layer has a first an optical axis, wherein the thickness of the penetration layer is 4 mm to 5 mm; a second polarization switching structure, wherein the penetration layer is located between the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure; and a lens layer , wherein the lens layer includes a second birefringent material, and the lens layer has a second optical axis, wherein the display panel, the first polarization switching structure, the transmission layer, the second polarization switching structure and the lens The layers are arranged sequentially along a first direction, wherein the first optical axis has a first included angle with the first direction, and the second optical axis has a second included angle with the first direction. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該第二雙折射材料包括液晶。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the second birefringent material includes liquid crystal. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該第一夾角為44度至46度，且該第二夾角為90度。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the first included angle is 44 degrees to 46 degrees, and the second included angle is 90 degrees. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該顯示面板被配置成發出具有一偏振方向的光線。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the display panel is configured to emit light with a polarization direction. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該第一偏振切換結構被配置成使具有一第一偏振方向的光線通過或使具有一第二偏振方向的光線通過，其中該第一偏振方向正交於該第二偏振方向。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the first polarization switching structure is configured to pass light with a first polarization direction or to pass light with a second polarization direction, wherein the first polarization directions are orthogonal in the second polarization direction. 如請求項5所述的顯示裝置，其中該第一偏振方向與該第二偏振方向垂直於該第一方向。 The display device of claim 5, wherein the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to the first direction. 如請求項5所述的顯示裝置，其中該第一光軸、該第一方向以及該第一偏振方向位於同一個平面，且該第二偏振方向不平行於前述該同一個平面。 The display device of claim 5, wherein the first optical axis, the first direction and the first polarization direction are located on the same plane, and the second polarization direction is not parallel to the same plane. 如請求項5所述的顯示裝置，其中該第二偏振切換結構被配置成使具有一第三偏振方向的光線通過或使具有一第四偏振方向的光線通過，其中該第三偏振方向正交於該第四偏振方向。 The display device of claim 5, wherein the second polarization switching structure is configured to pass light with a third polarization direction or to pass light with a fourth polarization direction, wherein the third polarization direction is orthogonal in the fourth polarization direction. 如請求項8所述的顯示裝置，其中該第三偏振方向與該第四偏振方向垂直於該第一方向。 The display device of claim 8, wherein the third polarization direction and the fourth polarization direction are perpendicular to the first direction. 如請求項8所述的顯示裝置，其中該第二光軸、該第一方向以及該第三偏振方向位於同一個平面，且該第四偏振方向不平行於前述該同一個平面。 The display device of claim 8, wherein the second optical axis, the first direction and the third polarization direction are located on the same plane, and the fourth polarization direction is not parallel to the same plane. 如請求項8所述的顯示裝置，其中該第三偏振方向平行於該第一偏振方向，且該第四偏振方向平行於該第二偏振方向。 The display device of claim 8, wherein the third polarization direction is parallel to the first polarization direction, and the fourth polarization direction is parallel to the second polarization direction. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該第一偏振切換結構以及該第二偏振切換結構各自包括一第一基板、一第二基板、一第一液晶層、一第一電極以及一第二電極，其中該第一液晶層、該第一電極以及該第二電極位於該第一基板與該第二基板之間。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure each include a first substrate, a second substrate, a first liquid crystal layer, a first electrode and a second Electrodes, wherein the first liquid crystal layer, the first electrode and the second electrode are located between the first substrate and the second substrate. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該穿透層包括方解石或石英。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the penetration layer includes calcite or quartz. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該第二偏振切換結構的厚度與該第一偏振切換結構的厚度小於該穿透層的厚度。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second polarization switching structure and the thickness of the first polarization switching structure are smaller than the thickness of the penetration layer.
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