TWI810557B - A human eye pupil extension device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is "a human eye pupil extension device", which forms an entrance pupil extender after at least two immersive telecentric eyepiece units are reversely docked; one end of the entrance pupil extender is located in front of the single pupil of the human eye , an image display is arranged at the opposite end. After combining the two entrance pupil extenders and then matching them with 稜鏡 to bend the optical path, this project can be applied to image wearable devices, achieving the extension of the pupils and vision of both eyes to the image display, so as to obtain images displayed in front of the line of sight effect.

Description

A human eye pupil extension device

The invention relates to a human eye pupil extension device, which relates to a visual extension technology, in particular to the technical field capable of extending the visual position of the human eye pupil to another image display.

In recent years, many manufacturers are developing various AR reality devices, which can use tiny wearable devices to display images in front of the line of sight. It is known that this kind of reality equipment generally uses two technologies: the first is the optical waveguide technology (ie, the penetrating computer hologram), which can achieve the desired purpose by extending the light path of the eyes. The optical engine (a microdisplay that projects content to the optical element) is used in conjunction with the input grating on the optical waveguide side of the optical engine, and the light travels through the lens and reaches the user's eyes through the output grating. This technology can be roughly divided into two categories: surface relief technology and holographic optical waveguide technology; the former is to engrave optical elements in the lens (removal) or add to the lens (additive), while the latter is to use optical elements as holographic reflectors. The mirror exposure is inside the lens. The second technology is virtual image laser projection technology (i.e. reflective computer hologram), which is an asymmetric free-form surface projection method. Law. The common point of these two technologies is that they both use a holographic film structure. The holographic film must be a computer holographic film, which is a kind of diffraction grating. The mother film must be made of semiconductor equipment, and mass production involves ultra-precision nanometer Imprinting technology has the disadvantages of extremely high cost, and it is also quite difficult in terms of manufacturing. Obviously, it is difficult to commercialize such technologies and structures; even if they are commercialized, their prices will be prohibitive.

Based on the lack of the aforementioned conventional technology, the inventor hereby postpones the issuance of this case, hoping to obtain the goal of pupil vision extension through the proposal of this case.

In order to improve the shortcomings of the known optical waveguide technology and virtual image laser projection technology in the aforementioned real-world equipment, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for extending the pupil of the human eye, which can display electronic information and other images in front of the person in a non-hand-held manner. , especially the use of a device that extends the pupil and vision of the human eye to an image display, so as to achieve the purpose of obtaining images without hands-on hands; thereby, obtaining images only requires an image wearable device worn on the head, that is, It is very convenient, ideal, and practical to obtain images in front of both eyes in a non-handheld manner. This case has the advantages of low cost, easy implementation and commercialization, and its price can make consumers willing to buy it.

The second purpose of the present invention is to: by extending the pupil and vision of the human eye to an image display, the image can be obtained in a non-hand-held manner. The function of the image; this case can easily obtain the required image or electronic information whether it is walking or driving; when it is applied to electronic voice translation, it can display the translated text in front of the eyes in a non-hand-held manner in real time; or conduct electronic search, When navigating on an electronic map, images or related information can be displayed in front of both eyes in real time, so as to achieve many purposes such as ensuring mobile safety and increasing user convenience.

Another object of the present invention is: by extending the pupil and vision of the human eye to an image display, not only can the image be obtained in front of the eyes in a hands-free manner, but at the same time, the eyes can still see the scene of the immediate environment image, in order to achieve the purpose of maintaining the existing line of sight.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific means of this case is to form an entrance pupil extender after at least two immersive telecentric eyepiece units are reversely docked.

In one preferred embodiment, one end of the entrance pupil extender is located in front of the single pupil of the human eye, and an image display is arranged at the opposite end. The pupil of the human eye can extend the vision of the pupil to the image display through the entrance pupil extender, so as to obtain the image of the image display.

One of the preferred embodiments, this case is applied to imaging wearable devices.

In one of the preferred embodiments, the image wearable device is a device worn in front of the human body; more specifically, the image wearable device is in the form of glasses.

One of the preferred embodiments, the single image wearable device Among them, corresponding to the left eye and right eye of the human body, two sets of entrance pupil extenders are arranged respectively.

One of the preferred embodiments, the single immersion telecentric eyepiece unit includes a cylinder, the circumference of the cylinder itself is consistent with the radius, the interior is made of transparent plastic material, and the cylinder ring is opaque except for two ends. Light state; wherein one end of the cylinder is provided with a lens, and the other end of the lens is a flat surface.

In one of the preferred embodiments, after the flat surfaces of the two immersive telecentric eyepiece units are bonded together, they can be butted in reverse to form an entrance pupil extender, one end of which is located in front of the single pupil of the human eye The position at the other opposite end is the position where the pupil of the human eye must extend, that is, the position where the image display is set.

In one of the preferred embodiments, the distance from the position of the pupil of the human eye to the plane joint is defined as TTL(n); the corresponding imaging size of the TTL(n) and a "suitable eye distance Le" (Eye relief) is stored There is a mathematical conditional relationship, which must meet the conditional formula; TTL(n)=[Le+ef1*n]=(1+n)*Le; where the efl is defined as the focal length of the lens, and the Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens distance, and n is defined as the refractive index of the plastic material. The lens is a three-piece cemented lens, and the structural combination is "- + -" in sequence, that is, the focal length distribution is negative, positive, and negative, so as to be combined into a lens group. I would like to explain first that "Abbe's sine condition" is also called Abbe's sine law imaging principle, which was developed by German physicist Ernst. Abbe publishes important imaging relations for optical lens design. In the Abbe formula: where N is the refractive index of the spherical surface object field medium

N' is the refractive index of the spherical surface image field medium

U is the angle between the incident ray and the optical axis

U' is the angle between the outgoing ray and the optical axis

h is the height of the object

h' is the height of the image; when the angle between U and U' is small, the above Abbe formula is simplified to: Hnu=h'N'U'

This formula was previously discovered by the Italian mathematician Lagrange, so it is also called the Lagrange formula; the amplification factor in Abbe's formula is: M _A =h'/h=NsinU/N'sinU'

The magnification in the Lagrangian formula is: M _L =h'/h=NU/N'U'

Since: tanθ=h/Le

Abbe imaging principle tanθ=h/Le=h/efl

TTL=(Le+efl)

tanφ=he/efl

According to the Abbe imaging formula tanθ=h/Le=h/efl, efl=Le

If in air, TTL=2*Le

Assume that the refractive index n at the rear end of the lens is in the plastic

Get: TTL=[Le+efl*n]=(1+n)*Le

Where he is defined as half the size of the human pupil, θ is defined as half the size of the human eye's viewing angle, h is defined as half the size of the video display (OLED), efl is defined as the focal length of the lens, and Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens.

Define θ as the angle of light seen by the pupil, assuming: he=1.5

h=10

Le=20

θ=20° tanθ=1/3

EFL=Le=20 n=1.5

In the case of a thin lens (assuming lens thickness 0)

TTL(in air)=2*20=40mm

TTL(n)=2.5*20=50mm

The immersive telecentric eyepiece unit can be provided with a bulge in the cylindrical structure, so as to change the design of the cylindrical body into a bent shape. The beam can be used to bend the light path, and the angle of the light path is complementary, so that the light path can be bent to a desired position.

The immersive telecentric eyepiece unit equipped with a rim is applied to the pupil extension of human vision; for example, it is implemented to wear glasses suitable for the shape of the human face.

This is equipped with an immersive telecentric eyepiece unit whose angle Complementary optical paths have mathematical conditional expressions that can correspond to: θ1+θ2=90 degrees, θ is defined as the angle between the angles; TTL(n)=TTL_1(n)+TTL_2(n); The distance between the surfaces is defined as TTL(n), the TTL_1(n) is defined as the distance from the lens to the surface, and the TTL_2(n) is defined as the distance from the surface to the plane.

Since the bent optical path and the rim will encounter the boundary condition of total reflection, it is necessary to make a coating on the rim. There is a mathematical conditional relationship between the boundary condition and the coating condition; the refractive index of the coating must satisfy n'>nsin (ω) Total reflection can occur, and the n' is defined as the material coefficient of the plating. Because: tanφ=he/efl=1.5/20=0.075

Φ=0.075*180/3.14=4.29(in air)

Φ=[0.075*180/3.14]/n=2.7(in n=1.59)

ω is defined as the angle of incidence

θ is defined as the angle

n is defined as the refractive index of the material

n' is defined as the refractive index of the coating on the ridge surface

ω=θ±Φ

Based on obeying the law of refraction (snell's law)

nsin(ω)<n' will cause total reflection.

The total length of the immersive telecentric eyepiece unit is TTL and the eye distance Le, wherein the half angle of view of the eye and the size h of the image display (OLED) are relatively The conditional expression of the relationship is as follows: TTL(air)=2*Le

θ=arctan(h/Le)

The image display (OLED) can control the size of the entrance pupil he to control the light emitting angle of the image display (OLED) to adjust the brightness. The mathematical relationship conditional formula is as follows: tanφ=he/efl where: tanθ=h/Le

Abbe imaging formula tanθ=h/Le=h/efl

TTL=(Le+efl)

tanφ=he/efl

According to the Abbe imaging formula tanθ=h/Le=h/efl, we know that efl=Le

TTL=2*Le

θ=arctan(h/Le)

he is defined as half the size of the pupil

θ is defined as half the size of the human eye angle of view

h is defined as half the size of the video display (OLED)

efl is defined as the focal length of the lens

Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens.

When the human eye pupil stretching device is implemented as a glasses form, it includes the overall optical path width, including the pupil stretching device of both eyes, and its position with the human eye is 2*[2*TTL_2(n)+W]; Wherein, the TTL_2(n) is defined as the distance from the flat surface to the plane joint; the W is defined as half the distance between the pupils of both eyes.

When the human eye pupil extension device is implemented in the form of glasses, an air gap is set in the light path as a mechanical folding space, which can be used to fine-tune the tolerance space, and can include multiple state structures. In one of them, an air gap is set between the lens and the lens to compensate for the tolerance.

1: Immersive telecentric eyepiece unit

11: Cylinder

12: Lens

13: Flat joint

14: 稜鏡

18: Air gap

19: Mechanical folding space

2: Entrance pupil extender

3: Glasses

A: Pupil

B: video display

The first figure: is the schematic diagram of the structure of the immersive telecentric eyepiece unit of the present invention; the second figure: is the schematic diagram of the entrance pupil extender formed after the reverse docking of two immersive telecentric eyepiece units of the present invention; the third figure: the system It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the entrance pupil extender of the present invention; the fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the use of the entrance pupil extender of the present invention in combination with 稜鏡; the fifth figure is another schematic diagram of the use of the entrance pupil extender of the present invention in combination with 稜鏡Figure 6: It is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment of the entrance pupil extender of the present invention with the use of 稜鏡; Figure 7: It is a schematic diagram of the use of two sets of entrance pupil extenders of the present invention with the use of 稜鏡; A schematic diagram illustrating the coating of the present invention; the ninth figure: a schematic diagram of the angle modulation of the present invention; the tenth figure: another schematic diagram of the angle modulation of the present invention; the eleventh figure: The entrance pupil extender of the present invention is combined with an image display (OLED) ) structure schematic diagram; the twelfth figure: is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall optical path width of the present invention; the thirteenth figure: is a schematic diagram of the air gap provided in the present invention; the fourteenth figure: is provided with the present invention Schematic diagram of the mechanical folding space; Figure 15: a schematic diagram of the structural part of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16: a schematic view of the appearance of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17: the embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the partial decomposition of the structure of the implementation.

With regard to the structure and composition of the human eye pupil extension device of the present invention, as well as the functions it can produce, and in conjunction with the drawings, a preferred embodiment of the case will be described in detail as follows.

First please refer to the first and second figures, the human eye pupil extension device in this case includes a plurality of immersive telecentric eyepiece units 1, after the two immersive telecentric eyepiece units 1 are reversely docked to form an entrance Pupil extender2. One end of the entrance pupil extender 2 is located in front of the single pupil A of the human eye, and an image display B is arranged at the opposite end. The pupil A of the human eye can extend the pupil vision to the image display B through the entrance pupil extender 2, so as to obtain the image of the image display B. This case can be applied to a wearable image device, which is a device worn in front of the human body; more specifically, the wearable image device is in the form of glasses. In the single-image wearable device, two sets of entrance pupil extenders 2 are respectively arranged corresponding to the left eye and the right eye of the human body.

This single immersion type telecentric eyepiece unit 1 includes a cylinder 11, the circumference of the cylinder itself is consistent with the radius, the inside is a transparent plastic material, and the ring edge of the cylinder 11 is in an opaque state except for two ends; wherein the A lens 12 is arranged at one end of the cylinder, and a flat surface 13 is formed opposite to the other end of the lens. After bonding and connecting the flat joint surfaces 13 of the two immersive telecentric eyepiece units 1 (as shown in the second figure), they can be reversely butted to form an entrance pupil extender 2 .

Please cooperate with the third picture, the distance from the position of the pupil of the human eye to the plane contact surface is defined as TTL(n); the corresponding imaging size of the TTL(n) and a "suitable eye distance Le" (Eye relief) exists The mathematical conditional relationship must meet the conditional formula: TTL(n)=[Le+efl*n]=(1+n)*Le; where the efl is defined as the focal length of the lens, and the Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens , and n is defined as the refractive index of the plastic material. The lens is a three-piece cemented lens, and the structural combination is "- + -" in sequence, that is, the focal length is allocated as positive, negative, and positive, so as to be combined into a lens group.

Since: tanθ=h/Le

Abbe imaging formula tanθ=h/Le=h/efl

TTL=(Le+efl)

tanφ=he/efl

According to the Abbe imaging formula tanθ=h/Le=h/efl, efl=Le

If in air, TTL=2*Le

Assume that the refractive index n at the rear end of the lens is in the plastic

Get: TTL=[Le+efl*n]=(1+n)*Le

Where he is defined as half the size of the human pupil, θ is defined as half the size of the human eye's viewing angle, h is defined as half the size of the video display (OLED), efl is defined as the focal length of the lens, and Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens.

Define θa as the angle of light seen by the pupil, assuming: he=1.5

h=10

Le=20

θa=20° tanθa=1/3

EFL=Le=20 n=1.5

In the case of a thin lens (assuming lens thickness 0)

TTL(in air)=2*20=40mm

TTL(n)=2.5*20=50mm

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the immersive telecentric eyepiece unit 1 may be provided with a scallop 14 in the structure, so as to change the design of the cylinder 11 into a bent shape. The beam can be used to bend the light path, and the angle of the light path is complementary, so that the light path can be bent to a desired position. The immersion telecentric eyepiece unit 1 equipped with 訜鏡14 has a mathematical conditional formula for its angle complementary optical path: θb1+θb2=90 degrees (as shown in the sixth and seventh figures), and θb is defined as the distance between the 稜鏡14 Angle; TTL(n)=TTL_1(n)+TTL_2(n); wherein the distance from the position of the pupil of the human eye to the plane joint 13 is defined as TTL(n), and the TTL_1(n) is defined as TTL_2(n) is defined as the distance from the lens 12 to the contact surface 14, and the TTL_2(n) is defined as the distance from the contact surface 13 to the contact surface 13. Since the bent optical path and the 稜鏡 14 will encounter the boundary condition of total reflection, it is necessary to make a coating on the 稜鏡 14. There is a mathematical conditional relationship between the boundary condition and the coating condition; the refractive index of the coating must satisfy n' > nsin(ω) can have total reflection, and the n' is defined as the material coefficient of the plating. Because: tanφ=he/efl=1.5/20=0.075

Φ tanφ

Φ

Φ=0.075*180/3.14=4.29(in air)

Φ=[0.075*180/3.14]/n=2.7(in n=1.59)

ω is defined as the angle of incidence

θ is defined as the angle

n is defined as the refractive index of the material

n' is defined as the refractive index of the coating on the ridge surface

ω=θ±Φ

Based on obeying the law of refraction (snell's law)

nsin(ω)<n' will cause total reflection (such as the eighth, ninth and tenth pictures).

Please refer to Figure 11, the total length of the immersive telecentric eyepiece unit TTL and the eye distance Le, among which the eye half angle of view and the size h of the image display (OLED), the conditional expression for the corresponding relationship is as follows: TTL(air)=2 *Le

θc=arctan(h/Le)

The image display (OLED) can control the entrance pupil size he to control the light emitting angle of the image display (OLED) to adjust the brightness, and the mathematical relationship conditional formula is as follows: tanφ=he/efl where: tanθc=h/Le

Abbe imaging formula tanθc=h/Le=h/efl

TTL=(Le+efl)

tanφ=he/efl

According to the Abbe imaging formula tanθ=h/Le=h/efl, we know that efl=Le

TTL=2*Le

θc=arctan(h/Le)

he is defined as half the size of the pupil

θc is defined as half the size of the human eye angle of view

h is defined as half the size of the video display (OLED)

efl is defined as the focal length of the lens

Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens.

In one of the preferred embodiments, when the human eye pupil stretching device is implemented in the form of glasses, it includes the overall optical path width, including the pupil stretching device of both eyes, and its position with the human eye is 2*[2*TTL_2(n )+W]; wherein, the TTL_2(n) is defined as the distance from the flat joint to the flat surface; the W is defined as the distance between the pupils of both eyes Half the distance (please refer to Figure 12).

In one of the preferred embodiments, when the human eye pupil extension device is implemented in the form of glasses, an air gap is set in the optical path as a mechanical folding space (as shown in Figure 13), and can be used to fine-tune the tolerance space , which can contain multiple state structures. One of them is to set an air gap between the lens and the lens to compensate the tolerance (as shown in Fig. 14).

Please refer to Fig. 15, Fig. 16 and Fig. 17, which are schematic diagrams of the structure of this case implemented according to the aforementioned principles and technologies. It is a body-worn device, which is embodied in the form of a pair of glasses 3 . The structure specifically includes structures such as an image display B, a lens 12, and an entrance pupil extender 2. The temples have a bending function to reduce the volume of the fold.

To sum up, the technical content of this case "a device for extending the pupil of the human eye" fully complies with the requirements for obtaining an invention patent. This case has indeed been used in the industry, and it has not been published or publicly used before the application, and it is not a technology known to the public. Furthermore, this case effectively solves the long-standing problems in the prior art and meets the long-term needs of relevant users and consumers, which proves that this new model cannot be easily completed. This case is full of the elements of "industrial utilization", "novelty" and "progressiveness" stipulated in the Patent Law. I would like to apply for a patent according to the law. I sincerely ask the Bureau to investigate carefully and approve the patent approval as soon as possible to protect the applicant's wisdom. Property rights to encourage innovation.

The present invention has been described in detail by the above-mentioned embodiments and variations. However, those skilled in the art should understand that all aspects of the present invention The embodiments here are only illustrative rather than restrictive, that is, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, other variations and modifications based on the above-mentioned descriptions are all covered by the present invention, and the present invention The invention is defined by the scope of the attached patent application.

12: Lens

2: Entrance pupil extender

3: Glasses

B: video display

Claims (11)

A device for extending the pupil of the human eye, which is composed of at least two immersive telecentric eyepiece units reversely docked to form an entrance pupil extender; one end of the entrance pupil extender is located in front of the single pupil of the human eye, and the opposite end is provided with an image display ; Wherein the single immersion type telecentric eyepiece unit includes a cylinder, the circumference of the cylinder itself is consistent with the radius; one end of the cylinder is provided with a lens, and the other end of the lens is a flat surface. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the interior of the cylinder is made of transparent plastic material, and the rim of the cylinder is opaque except for two ends. A human eye pupil stretching device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the human eye pupil stretching device is applied in a video wearable device. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the image wearable device is a device worn in front of the human body, which is a pair of glasses. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application, wherein in the image wearable device, corresponding to the left eye and right eye of the human body, are equipped with There are two sets of entrance pupil extenders. A human eye pupil extension device as described in Item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the entrance pupil extender is at the position of the human eye pupil at the outer end of the lens; the distance from the human eye pupil position to the plane joint is defined as TTL (n); There is a mathematical conditional relationship between the TTL(n) and the corresponding image size of a suitable eye distance Le, which must meet the conditional formula: TTL(n)=[Le+efl*n]=(1+n)* Le; wherein the efl is defined as the focal length of the lens, the Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens, and n is defined as the refractive index of the plastic material. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, in which the immersive telecentric eyepiece unit is provided with a 稜鏡 in the cylindrical structure, so as to change the design of the cylindrical body into a bent shape; the 稜鏡 can It is used to bend the light path, and the angles of the light path are complementary, so that the light path can be bent to a desired position. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 7 of the scope of the patent application, wherein a coating is formed on the pupil. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the total length of the immersive telecentric eyepiece unit is TTL and the eye distance Le, and there is a corresponding relationship between the half angle of view of the eye and the size h of the image display (OLED). The conditional formula is as follows: TTL(air)=2*Le, θ=arctan(h/Le); the video display (OLED) can control the entrance pupil size he to control the light-emitting angle of the image display (OLED) to adjust the brightness. The mathematical relationship conditional formula is as follows: tanφ=he/efl; where: tanθ=h/Le, Abbe imaging formula tanθ= h/Le=h/efl, TTL=(Le+efl), tanφ=he/efl; from the Abbe imaging formula tanθ=h/Le=h/efl, we know that efl=Le, TTL=2*Le, θ= arctan(h/Le); the he is defined as half the size of the pupil, θ is defined as half the size of the human eye angle of view, h is defined as half the size of the image display (OLED), efl is defined as the focal length of the lens, and Le is defined as the distance from the pupil to the front edge of the lens distance. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein when the human eye pupil extension device is implemented in the form of glasses, it includes the overall optical path width, including the pupil extension device of both eyes, and its position with the human eye is 2*[2*TTL_2(n)+W]; Wherein, the TTL_2(n) is defined as the distance from the flat surface to the plane joint; the W is defined as half the distance between the pupils of both eyes. A human eye pupil extension device as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein when the human eye pupil extension device is implemented in the form of glasses, an air gap is provided in its optical path as a mechanical folding space, and can be used for fine-tuning tolerances Space, which can contain multiple state structures.

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