TWI809387B - Plug - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a plug. The plug comprises a first temperature detect element, a second temperature detect element and a processor. The first temperature detect element and the second temperature detect element produce a first detect signal and a second detect signal respectively according to the temperature of a plurality of pins of the plug. The processor confirms the temperature of the plurality of pins of the plug according to the first detect signal and the second detect signal. When the temperature of the plurality of pins of the plug is higher than a temperature threshold, the processor drives the plug to stop transmitting the input power according to the confirm result. The plug has two over-temperature protection mechanisms through the first temperature detect element and the second temperature detect element. When one of the temperature detect elements is invalid, the temperature of the plugs is judged according to the other one of the temperature detect elements. The plug will not exceed the temperature threshold and avoid bringing the danger from the invalid temperature detect element. The plug fits the redundancy design of function safety. Therefore, the plug of the present invention has higher stability.

Description

plug

This case relates to a plug, especially a plug with high stability.

With the rising awareness of environmental protection, the development of electric vehicles has become a hot trend. Among them, the plug used in the electric vehicle charger is used as the medium between the power supply and the electric vehicle. Its stability is very important, and the temperature is the key to control the stability of the plug. Key factor.

Plugs traditionally used in electric vehicle chargers contain a single temperature sensing element as the basis for judging the over-temperature protection of the plug. However, this over-temperature protection mechanism with only a single temperature sensing element does not comply with functional safety When the temperature sensing element fails or misjudgments occur, the plug cannot confirm whether it is overheated and then cut off the power supply, which may cause overheating and danger during the charging process of the electric vehicle.

Therefore, how to develop a plug that can improve the above-mentioned prior art is an urgent need at present.

The purpose of this case is to provide a plug which has the advantage of high stability.

In order to achieve the above purpose, one of the wider implementation aspects of this case is to provide a plug that is detachably engaged with the socket of the load. The plug includes a housing, a plurality of pins, a cable, a circuit board, a first temperature sensing element, Identify the resistor, the second temperature sensing element and the processor. A plurality of pins are arranged on the housing for inserting into the socket to provide the input power required by the socket. The cable is connected to the plurality of pins to transmit input power to the load when the plug is engaged with the socket and the plurality of plugs are in normal operation. The circuit board is arranged in the casing. The first temperature sensing element is arranged on the circuit board and adjacent to a plurality of pins, and is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of pins and output a first detection signal, wherein the temperature change of the plurality of pins makes the first temperature sensing element A change in impedance is generated, and the first detection signal reflects the change in impedance of the first temperature sensing element. The identification resistor is arranged on the circuit board, and the identification resistor has a corresponding resistance value according to the type of the plug. The second temperature sensing element is arranged on the circuit board and adjacent to the plurality of pins, and is connected to the identification resistor. The second temperature sensing element detects the temperature of the plurality of pins and outputs a second detection signal, wherein the plurality of pins The temperature change causes the second temperature sensing element to generate a change in current. The processor is connected to the first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element, and when the processor confirms that the temperature of the plurality of pins is greater than the temperature threshold according to the first detection signal or the second detection signal, it drives the plug to stop transmitting input power to the load.

Some typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the description in the following paragraphs. It should be understood that this case can have various changes in different aspects, all of which do not depart from the scope of this case, and the descriptions and diagrams therein are used for illustration in nature, rather than to limit this case.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 5, wherein Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the plug in the first embodiment of the case, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the plug shown in Figure 1 from another perspective, and Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the plug shown in Figure 2, and Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the plug shown in Figure 2 where the first temperature sensing element, the identification resistor and the second temperature sensing element are arranged on the circuit board , Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of some components of the plug shown in Figure 2. As shown in the figure, the plug 1 of this embodiment is suitable for an electric vehicle charger (not shown), and is detachably engaged with a socket (not shown) of an electric vehicle. When the plug 1 is engaged with the socket, the plug 1. Provide the input electric energy required by the socket and transmit the input electric energy to the electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle charger can charge the electric vehicle (not shown). The plug 1 has different shapes according to the sockets of different countries to correspond to Provide the input power required by the socket in the country and transmit the input power to the electric vehicle. The plug 1 of this embodiment includes a housing 2 , a plurality of pins 3 , a cable 4 , a circuit board 5 , a first temperature sensing element 6 , an identification resistor 7 , a second temperature sensing element 8 and a processor 9 .

The casing 2 includes an installation plate 21 and a cover portion 22 . The setting plate 21 has a first surface 211 , a second surface 212 , a plurality of first through holes 213 and grooves 214 . The first surface 211 and the second surface 212 of the setting plate 21 are oppositely disposed. Each first through hole 213 runs through the first surface 211 and the second surface 212 of the setting plate 21 . The groove 214 is formed by indenting the second surface 212 of the setting plate 21 , and the groove 214 is located at the center of the second surface 212 of the setting plate 21 . The covering portion 22 covers the setting plate 21 via the second surface 212 of the setting plate 21 , wherein an accommodating space is formed between the covering portion 22 and the setting plate 21 .

Each pin 3 is disposed on the setting plate 21 of the housing 2 by passing through the corresponding first through hole 213, and each pin 3 has a first end 31 and a second end 32, and the first end 31 of the pin 3 is located at The first face 211 of the board 21 is set, the second end 32 of the pin 3 is located on the second face 212 of the board 21, and the second end 32 of the pin 3 is located in the accommodation space of the housing 2, and each pin 3 is used When the plug 1 is engaged with the socket, it can be inserted into the socket through the first end 31 to provide the input power required by the socket. In some embodiments, the plurality of pins 3 have different styles according to sockets of different countries, for example, the plurality of pins 3 are arranged in different positions or have different shapes. In this embodiment, the second ends 32 of the two pins 3 in the plurality of pins 3 are respectively located on opposite sides of the groove 214 of the setting plate 21, for example, the live line pin and the neutral line pin in the plurality of pins 3 are respectively located at Opposite sides of the groove 214 of the plate 21 are provided.

A part of the cable 4 is located in the accommodation space of the casing 2, and one end of the cable 4 is connected to a plurality of pins 3, and the other end of the cable 4 is connected to the electric vehicle charger, and the cable 4 is used for connecting the plug 1 and When the sockets are engaged and the plurality of pins 3 are in normal operation, the input electric energy received by the socket is transmitted to the load, that is, the electric vehicle. The circuit board 5 is located in the accommodating space of the housing 2, is arranged on the second surface 212 of the setting plate 21, and is located between the second ends 32 of two pins 3 in the plurality of pins 3, and the circuit board 5 has The first surface 51 and the second surface 52 , the first surface 51 and the second surface 52 of the circuit board 5 are oppositely disposed, wherein the first surface 51 of the circuit board 5 is attached to the second surface 212 of the installation board 21 .

The first temperature sensing element 6 can be, but not limited to, a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, which is arranged on the first surface 51 of the circuit board 5 and accommodated in the groove 214 of the setting plate 21, and adjacent to the plurality of a pin 3, the first temperature sensing element 6 is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 and output a first detection signal, wherein the temperature change of the plurality of pins 3 causes the first temperature sensing element 6 to produce an impedance change, For example, the impedance of the first temperature sensing element 6 decreases as the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 increases, so the first detection signal reflects the change of the impedance of the first temperature sensing element 6 .

The identification resistor 7 is arranged on the first surface 51 of the circuit board 5 and accommodated in the groove 214 of the setting plate 21. The identification resistor 7 has a corresponding resistance value according to the type of the plug 1, for example, a plurality of pins of the plug 1 3 has different shapes in order to be inserted into sockets in different countries, and the identification resistor 7 has a preset resistance value according to the shape of a plurality of pins 3, so that when the socket of the electric vehicle is connected to the plug 1, the identification resistance The resistance value of 7 confirms the type of the plug 1, and the electric vehicle confirms the type of the input electric energy provided by the plug 1 according to different types of the plug 1.

The second temperature sensing element 8 is arranged on the first surface 51 of the circuit board 5 and accommodated in the groove 214 of the setting board 21, and is adjacent to a plurality of pins 3, and passes through the wiring in the circuit board 5 (not shown). Figure) and connected with the identification resistor 7, so as to share the same circuit with the identification resistor 7, the second temperature sensing element 8 is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 and output the second detection signal, wherein the plurality of pins 3 of the temperature The temperature change will cause the current change of the second temperature sensing element 8 , and the second detection signal can reflect the change of the current of the second temperature sensing element 8 .

In some embodiments, the second temperature sensing element 8 may be composed of a diode, and according to the element characteristics of the diode, when the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 rises, the second temperature sensing element 8 will generate a leakage current, The second detection signal reflects the change of the leakage current of the second temperature sensing element 8 .

The processor 9 is located in the electric vehicle charger, and is connected with the first temperature sensing element 6 and the second temperature sensing element 8 through the connection device in the electric vehicle charger and the wiring in the circuit board 5, so as to receive the first The first detection signal generated by the temperature sensing element 6 and the second detection signal generated by the second temperature sensing element 8, the processor 9 confirms the impedance of the first temperature sensing element 6 according to the first detection signal or confirm the change of the current of the second temperature sensing element 8 according to the second detection signal to confirm whether the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 is greater than the temperature threshold, and the processor 9 confirms that the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 is greater than or equal to the temperature When the threshold is reached, the plug 1 is driven to stop transmitting the input electric energy to the electric vehicle.

It can be seen from the above that the plug 1 of this case includes the first temperature sensing element 6 and the second temperature sensing element 8, and the processor 9 generates the first detection signal or the second temperature sensing element according to the first temperature sensing element 6. When it is confirmed that the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold by the second detection signal generated by the detection element 8, the plug 1 is driven to stop transmitting the input power. Compared with the traditional plug which only has a single temperature sensing element, the plug 1 of this case has two over-temperature protection mechanisms of the first temperature sensing element 6 and the second temperature sensing element 8, when the first temperature sensing element 6 and one of the second temperature sensing element 8 fails, the plug 1 can still judge whether the plug 1 is overheated according to the other element of the first temperature sensing element 6 and the second temperature sensing element 8, and It is not easy to cause danger due to overheating, so the plug 1 of this case is sufficient to meet the redundant design required by functional safety, so as to avoid unexpected harm caused by the failure of a single temperature sensing element, so the plug 1 of this case has a higher stability. In addition, the second temperature sensing element 8 is connected to the identification resistor 7 to share the same circuit with the identification resistor 7, so that the plug 1 of this case does not need to be additionally provided with a line to connect to the second temperature element 8, and a redundant design of functional safety can be achieved. the goal of.

Please refer to Figures 6 to 8, where Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the plug of the second embodiment of the case, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the plug shown in Figure 6, and Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the plug shown in Figure 6 The three-dimensional structural diagram of the first temperature sensing element, the identification resistor and the second temperature sensing element of the plug shown in the figure are arranged on the circuit board. In some embodiments, the second temperature sensing element 8 is made of a fuse, and the temperature change of the plurality of pins 3 will cause the second temperature sensing element 8 to be turned on or blown, for example, when the temperature of the plurality of pins 3 is greater than or When it is equal to the temperature threshold, the second temperature sensing element 8 is in a blown state so that the current of the second temperature sensing element 8 is zero, and the second detection signal corresponds to the fact that the current of the second temperature sensing element 8 is zero , because the second temperature sensing element 8 can directly generate a second detection signal according to the state of the element (conduction or blown), without using additional devices to detect the second temperature sensing element 8, so the second temperature sensing The element 8 can generate the second detection signal more intuitively. In this embodiment, the second temperature sensing element 8 has a plurality of connection terminals 81 , such as two connection terminals 81 shown in FIG. 7 . In addition, the circuit board 5 of this embodiment has a plurality of second through holes 53, and the number of the second through holes 53 corresponds to the number of the connecting ends 81 of the second temperature sensing element 8, so the circuit board 5 of this embodiment There are two second through holes 53 , and the two connecting ends 81 of the second temperature sensing element 8 pass through the two second through holes 53 respectively to be disposed on the circuit board 5 .

To sum up, the plug in this case includes the first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element, and the processor generates the first detection signal according to the first temperature sensing element or the second temperature sensing element. When the second detection signal confirms that the temperature of the plurality of pins is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, the plug is driven to stop transmitting the input power. Compared with the traditional plug with only a single temperature sensing element, the plug in this case has two over-temperature protection mechanisms for the first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element. When the first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element When one of the temperature sensing elements fails, the plug can still judge whether the plug is overheated according to the other element of the first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element, and it is not easy to overheat and cause danger. The plug is sufficient to meet the redundant design required by functional safety to avoid unexpected hazards caused by the failure of a single temperature sensing element, so the plug in this case has high stability. In addition, the second temperature sensing element is connected to the identification resistor so as to share the same circuit with the identification resistor, so that the plug in this case does not need additional wiring to connect to the second temperature element, and the purpose of functional safety redundancy design can be achieved. And because the second temperature sensing element can directly generate the second detection signal according to the state of the element, without using additional devices to detect the second temperature sensing element, the second temperature sensing element can be generated more intuitively Second detection signal.

1, 1a: plug 2: Shell 21: Setting board 211: The first side 212: second side 213: First piercing 214: Groove 22: Covering Department 3: Pin 31: first end 32: second end 4: cable 5: Circuit board 51: The first side 52: The second side 53: Second piercing 6: The first temperature sensing element 7: Identify the resistance 8: Second temperature sensing element 81: Connection end 9: Processor

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the plug of the first embodiment of the present case. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the plug shown in Fig. 1 from another angle of view. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the plug shown in Figure 2. FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first temperature sensing element, the identification resistor and the second temperature sensing element of the plug shown in FIG. 2 arranged on the circuit board. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of some components of the plug shown in Figure 2. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the plug of the second embodiment of the present case. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the plug shown in Figure 6. FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the plug shown in FIG. 6 where the first temperature sensing element, the identification resistor and the second temperature sensing element are arranged on the circuit board.

1: plug

21: Setting board

211: The first side

212: second side

213: First piercing

214: Groove

31: first end

32: second end

5: Circuit board

51: The first side

52: The second side

6: The first temperature sensing element

7: Identify the resistance

8: Second temperature sensing element

Claims (7)

A plug removably engages a socket of a load, the plug comprising: a shell, A plurality of pins are arranged on the housing for inserting into the socket to provide an input electric energy required by the socket; a cable connected to the plurality of prongs for transmitting the input power to the load when the plug is engaged with the receptacle and the plurality of plugs are in normal operation; a circuit board arranged in the housing; A first temperature sensing element, arranged on the circuit board and adjacent to the plurality of pins, is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of pins and output a first detection signal, wherein the temperature of the plurality of pins changes making the first temperature sensing element produce an impedance change, and the first detection signal reflects the impedance change of the first temperature sensing element; An identification resistor is arranged on the circuit board, and the identification resistor has a corresponding resistance value according to the type of the plug; A second temperature sensing element is arranged on the circuit board and adjacent to the plurality of pins, and is connected to the identification resistor. The second temperature sensing element detects the temperature of the plurality of pins and outputs a second detecting a signal, wherein the temperature change of the plurality of pins causes the second temperature sensing element to generate a change in current; and A processor, connected to the first temperature sensing element and the second temperature sensing element, the processor confirms that the temperature of the plurality of pins is greater than a temperature according to the first detection signal or the second detection signal When the threshold is reached, the plug is driven to stop transmitting the input power to the load. The plug as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing includes a setting plate, the setting plate has a first surface, a second surface, a plurality of first through holes and a groove, the first surface of the setting plate and the second surface are arranged opposite each other, each of the first through holes penetrates through the first surface and the second surface of the setting plate, and each of the pins is arranged on the setting plate by passing through the corresponding first through hole, And each of the pins has a first end and a second end, the first end is located on the first surface of the setting plate, the second end is located on the second surface of the setting plate, each of the pins passes through the The first end is inserted into the socket, the circuit board is arranged on the second surface of the setting plate, and is located between the second ends of two of the plurality of pins, and the groove is formed by the setting The second surface of the plate is concave. The plug as described in claim 2, wherein the second temperature sensing element is a diode, and when the temperature of the plurality of pins rises, the second temperature sensing element generates a leakage current to make the second detection signal The change of the leakage current of the second temperature sensing element is reflected. The plug as described in claim 3, wherein the circuit board has a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface of the circuit board are oppositely arranged, and the first surface of the circuit board is bonded to On the second surface of the setting board, the first temperature sensing element, the identification resistor and the second temperature sensing element are arranged on the first surface of the circuit board, and accommodated on the setting board in this groove. The plug as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second temperature sensing element is a fuse, the temperature change of the plurality of pins will make the second temperature sensing element conduct or fuse, wherein the temperature of the plurality of pins is greater than the When the temperature threshold is reached, the second temperature sensing element is in a blown state, so that the current of the second temperature sensing element is zero, and the second detection signal reflects that the current of the second temperature sensing element is zero. The plug as described in claim 5, wherein the circuit board has a first surface, a second surface and a plurality of second through holes, the first surface and the second surface of the circuit board are oppositely arranged, and the circuit board The first surface of the circuit board is pasted on the second surface of the setting board, the first temperature sensing element and the identification resistor are arranged on the first surface of the circuit board, and accommodated in the setting board In the groove, the second temperature sensing element passes through the plurality of second through holes to be arranged on the circuit board. The plug as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first temperature sensing element is a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient.

Images