TWI790012B - Composite base plate - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite base plate used on a track is provided. The composite base plate includes an upper base plate and a lower base plate. The left and right sides of the upper base plate are constrained by hook-shaped structures on two sides of the lower base plate. Each of the two sides of the lower base plate includes an anchor bolt fixing parts and the lower base plate has a main support rib passing through the center of the lower base plate and connecting the two anchor bolt fixing parts.

Description

Composite substrate

The present invention relates to a substrate, and in particular to a composite substrate for use on rails.

Rail clips for railways or MRT are mainly used to fasten the rails on the track substrate. In order to meet the safety of trains running on the rails, the track substrate needs to undergo a number of tests, such as vertical load test, lateral load test, lateral restraint test and longitudinal restraint test, stiffness ratio test, vertical and lateral repetition Load test, push-pull test, vertical pull-up repeated test, etc. After stress simulation analysis, it can be known that the track base plate has the following three places where stress damage is likely to occur: (1) the shoulders on both sides of the upper base plate and the vicinity of the supporting ribs on the back; (2) the two sides of the lower base plate The flat plate structure near the bolted place; and (3) the corners of the outer shape of the three supporting ribs connected in the middle of the lower base plate, so it is necessary to propose an improvement.

The present invention relates to a composite base plate, which is used to strengthen the structure of the base plate to disperse the concentrated stress, avoid the anchor bolts of the base plate from carrying most of the stress, and achieve the effect of reducing and dispersing the stress load of the base plate itself.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a composite substrate for use in a track is provided. The composite base plate includes an upper base plate and a lower base plate. Each side of the lower base plate has a hook structure to restrain the left and right sides of the upper base plate. An anchor bolt fixing part, and the lower base plate further has a main supporting rib connecting the two anchor bolt fixing parts, and the main supporting rib passes through the center of the lower base plate.

In order to have a better understanding of the above-mentioned and other aspects of the present invention, the following specific examples are given in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows:

100: Composite substrate

101: rail

102: buckle clip

103: clip bolt

104: Anchor bolts

105: Gasket

110: upper base plate

111: rail support part

112: base

113: rail clip bolt fixing part

114: hook

115: convex rib

120: rubber layer

122: Bump

130: Lower base plate

131: main support rib

132: Anchor bolt fixing part

132a: Surrounding plate structure

130': Lower base plate

131': support rib

132': Anchor bolt fixing part

133: Auxiliary support rib

135: hook structure

134,136: hollow area

A: area

Figures 1A and 1B respectively show a perspective view and an exploded view of a composite base plate used on rails in a top view according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figures 2A and 2B respectively show a composite base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention The three-dimensional view and the exploded view in the bottom view state; and Figures 3A and 3B depict the stress analysis results of the lower base plate of the present embodiment and a lower base plate of a comparative example.

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art on the premise of being obvious belong to the intended protection scope of the present application. The same/similar symbols are used to represent the same/similar components in the following description.

Please refer to Figures 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B, wherein Figures 1A and 1B respectively show a perspective view and an exploded view of a composite substrate 100 used on rails in a top view according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 2A and 2B The figure respectively shows a perspective view and an exploded view of the composite substrate 100 in a bottom view state according to an embodiment of the present invention. In order to clearly show the features of the present invention, the appearance structure of the composite substrate 100 is shown in solid lines in Figure 1A, and other components such as rails 101, clips 102, clip bolts 103, anchor bolts 104, gaskets 105, etc. Dotted lines indicate.

The composite substrate 100 includes, for example, an upper substrate 110 , a rubber layer 120 and a lower substrate 130 . The optional rubber layer 120 is located between the upper base plate 110 and the lower base plate 130 to provide elastic support and reduce vibration transmission. Both the upper base plate 110 and the lower base plate 130 are made of high-rigidity materials, and the upper base plate 110 and the lower base plate 130 have the characteristics of light weight (for example, less than 12 kg) and small volume.

The upper surface of the upper base plate 110 is provided with a rail support portion 111 , which is, for example, a groove, and two side walls of the groove are used to position the rail 101 in the groove of the upper base plate 110 . In addition, the upper base plate 110 is provided with two bases 112, the two bases 112 extend outward from the left and right sides of the rail support portion 111, and the two bases 112 are located in the diagonal direction of the upper base plate 110, for example, The stress will not be excessively concentrated in the middle or the left and right sides of the upper base plate 110 .

In addition, each base 112 is, for example, provided with a rail clip bolt fixing portion 113 for inserting a clip bolt 103 so that the clip bolt 103 can be locked on the base 112. The clip bolt 103 is used to fasten the rail Buckle clip 102 (such as a spring clip) is pressed down And fasten on the steel rail 101, to avoid steel rail 101 to vibrate up and down. The clip 102 is, for example, a clip of two specifications, SKL-1 or SKL-14, used for MRT tracks or light rail tracks.

Please refer to Figures 1A and 1B. For example, there are two hooks 114 on the left and right sides of the two bases 112 of the upper base plate 110. Prevent the upper base plate 110 from being separated from the lower base plate 130 to meet the design requirement of fail-safe.

Please refer to Figures 1A and 1B, the two sides of the lower base plate 130 each include an anchor bolt fixing portion 132 for inserting an anchor bolt 104 so that the anchor bolt 104 can be fixed on the concrete base below the lower base plate 130 superior. The two anchor bolt fixing parts 132 are located on both sides of the rail support part 111 of the upper base plate 110 and in the diagonal direction on the left and right sides of the lower base plate 130, and are aligned with the two bases of the upper base plate 110. 112 staggered settings. That is to say, the positions of the base 112 and the anchor bolt fixing part 132 on the left side are misaligned with the positions of the base 112 and the anchor bolt fixing part 132 on the right side, so that the stress will not be excessively concentrated on the upper base. The middle or left and right sides of the sheet 110 and the lower base sheet 130.

In addition, the surrounding plate structure 132a of each anchor bolt fixing portion 132 has a thinner thickness (for example, 10mm) compared to other areas, and the vibration caused by the passing of the train may cause the anchor bolt 104 and the surrounding plate structure 132a to appear slightly. The movement and repeated vibration for a long time may easily cause stress concentration in the surrounding plate structure 132 a , thus causing fatigue cracking or damage near the anchor bolt fixing portion 132 .

In order to make the composite base plate 100 meet the requirements of the repeated load test, in this embodiment, the lower base plate 130 includes a main support rib 131 connecting two anchor bolt fixing parts 132, and the main support rib 131 passes through the lower base plate 130. , that is to say, the main supporting rib 131 is connected between the two anchor bolt fixing portions 132 of the lower base plate 130 and is located in the diagonal direction of the lower base plate 130 . When the simulated rail 101 is subjected to compressive load and lateral load, the composite base plate 100 generates a normal force and a lateral moment correspondingly, and the main support rib 131 of the lower base plate 130 can effectively disperse the stress generated by the lateral moment.

Please refer to Figures 3A and 3B, which illustrate the stress analysis results of the lower base plate 130 of this embodiment and the lower base plate 130' of a comparative example. It can be seen from the simulation results that the lower base plate 130 of this embodiment can effectively disperse the stress generated by the lateral moment due to the main support rib 131, while the support rib 131' of the comparative example can only contribute to the dispersion of the normal force, but for The dispersion ability of the stress generated by the lateral moment is weak (stress concentration occurs in the area A in the figure and fatigue cracking is prone to occur), so the stress dispersion effect of the main support rib 131 of this embodiment is better than that of the support rib 131' of the comparative example .

In one embodiment, when the steel rail 101 is tested for the compressive load (46.9kN) and the lateral load (26.2kN), it is found through experiments that the two anchor bolt fixing parts 132 of the lower base plate 130 of this embodiment The maximum stress value at the place is about 35MPa, while the maximum stress value at the two anchor bolt fixing parts 132' of the lower base plate 130' of the comparative example is about 342MPa. It can be seen that the main support rib 131 of this embodiment is relatively The stress dispersion effect of the supporting ribs 131' is significantly improved.

In addition, please refer to Figures 1B and 2B, the lower base plate 130 also includes two auxiliary support ribs 133, which are respectively located on both sides of the main support rib 131 of the lower base plate 130 and Around the lower base plate 130 , the auxiliary support ribs 133 can prevent the lower base plate 130 from fatigue cracking due to long-term repeated loads.

In addition, please refer to Fig. 2B, the opposite side (bottom side) of the rail support portion 111 of the upper base plate 110 also includes a plurality of ribs 115, and the extending direction of these ribs 115 is roughly the same as the main support of the lower base plate 130. The extending directions of the ribs 131 are parallel, that is to say, the extending directions of the protruding ribs 115 are substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail 101 . These convex ribs 115 can strengthen the structural strength of the upper base plate 110 to prevent the upper base plate 110 from being deflected when it is subjected to a large lateral load.

In addition, please refer to Figures 1B and 2B, the rubber layer 120 matches the structure of the main support rib 131 and the two auxiliary support ribs 133 of the lower base plate 130, and is correspondingly provided with a plurality of protrusions 122 in a stepped form, and each corresponding protrusion 122 It can be recessed in the hollow area 134 between the main supporting rib 131 and a corresponding auxiliary supporting rib 133 and in the gap between the protruding ribs 115 . The hollow area 134 can be used as a space for the rubber layer 120 to deform and flow under pressure, so as to avoid crack damage on the surface or inside of the rubber layer 120 caused by the periodic stress. In addition, the lower base plate 130 at the bottom of the base 112 can also be provided with a plurality of hollow areas 136 for accommodating the protrusions 122 and serving as spaces for the rubber layer 120 to deform and flow under pressure.

Therefore, when the rubber layer 120 is subjected to a large downward load, the rubber layer 120 can effectively guide energy to the ground, so as to prevent the composite substrate 100 from being bent or damaged due to excessive load. Furthermore, in this embodiment, through the volume distribution of the rubber layer 120 in the hollow area 134, that is, adjusting the number of the corresponding bumps 122 so that the volume can be evenly distributed under the base 112 or in the hollow area 134 can achieve The stiffness value requirement (namely K value) when the composite substrate 100 is subjected to a compressive load.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the rubber layer 120 is, for example, about 16 to 20 mm, and the thickness distribution of the rubber layer is controlled between the upper base plate and the lower base plate, so that the composite base plate can reach the stiffness value required by the compressive load. In one embodiment, the stiffness value is, for example, greater than 15.76 kN/mm, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As can be seen from the above description, the lightweight composite base plate of this embodiment can make the weight less than 12 kg. When the lightweight composite base plate of this embodiment is subjected to external force, the internal stress is dispersed through the main support ribs to avoid compounding. One end of the base plate bears most of the stress, thereby reducing and dispersing the stress load of the composite base plate itself, and can also effectively guide energy to the ground through the rubber layer to prevent the composite base plate from being deflected due to excessive load or destroy.

Therefore, the composite substrate of the present invention has the characteristics of light weight, high substrate strength, high rubber stiffness and fatigue resistance.

To sum up, although the present invention has been disclosed by the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the appended patent application.

100: Composite substrate

101: rail

102: buckle clip

103: clip bolt

104: Anchor bolts

105: Gasket

132: Anchor bolt fixing part

135: hook structure

Claims (9)

A composite base plate used on rails, the composite base plate includes: an upper base plate; The lower base plate has an anchor bolt fixing part on both sides of the diagonal direction, and the lower base plate has a main support rib connecting the two anchor bolt fixing parts, and the main support rib passes through the lower base plate The center of the main support rib is located in the diagonal direction of the lower base plate. The composite base plate as described in Claim 1, wherein there is an auxiliary support rib around the lower base plate and on both sides of the main support rib, and a plurality of hollow areas are formed between the main support rib and the two auxiliary support ribs . The composite substrate as described in Claim 2 further includes a rubber layer located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The composite substrate as claimed in item 3, wherein the rubber layer is provided with a plurality of bumps corresponding to the hollowed out areas. The composite base plate as described in claim 1, wherein the upper base plate includes a rail support portion, and two bases extending outward from both sides of the rail support portion, the two bases are located on the lower base plate in the direction of the diagonal. The composite base plate as described in Claim 5, wherein the two bases and the two anchor bolt fixing parts are mutually offset. The composite base plate as described in Claim 5, wherein each base is provided with a hook portion, and the hook portion is constrained by the hook-shaped structures on both sides of the lower base plate. The composite substrate as claimed in item 5, wherein each of the bases is used for inserting a clip bolt so that the clip bolt can be locked on each of the bases. The composite base plate as described in claim 5, wherein the opposite side of the rail support portion of the upper base plate further includes a plurality of ribs, and the extending direction of the ribs is roughly the same as the main support rib of the lower base plate parallel to the direction of extension.

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