TWI785779B - oscillator - Google Patents

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TWI785779B
TWI785779B TW110133087A TW110133087A TWI785779B TW I785779 B TWI785779 B TW I785779B TW 110133087 A TW110133087 A TW 110133087A TW 110133087 A TW110133087 A TW 110133087A TW I785779 B TWI785779 B TW I785779B
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voltage
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output
voltage signal
terminal
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TW202312671A (en
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君弘 王
林振倫
吳冠賢
郭晉瑋
龔明緯
程文聖
君玄 郭
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開酷科技股份有限公司
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Abstract

本發明揭露一種振盪器，包含電壓切換電路、電壓調整電路以及頻率產生電路。電壓切換電路電性連接系統輸出端並接收系統輸出端之輸出電壓訊號，以藉由輸出電壓訊號切換第一輸入電壓訊號輸出至第一電壓準位訊號，以及切換第二輸入電壓訊號輸出至第二電壓準位訊號，其中第一電壓準位訊號與第二電壓準位訊號係反相。電壓調整電路電性連接電壓切換電路，並接收第一電壓準位訊號及第二電壓準位訊號，以藉由第一電壓準位訊號及第二電壓準位訊號產生第一調整電壓訊號及第二調整電壓訊號。頻率產生電路電性連接電壓調整電路，並接收第一調整電壓訊號及第二調整電壓訊號，以根據第一調整電壓訊號及第二調整電壓訊號產生第一輸出頻率訊號及第二輸出頻率訊號。The invention discloses an oscillator, which includes a voltage switching circuit, a voltage adjusting circuit and a frequency generating circuit. The voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the system output terminal and receives the output voltage signal of the system output terminal, so as to switch the output of the first input voltage signal to the first voltage level signal by the output voltage signal, and switch the output of the second input voltage signal to the first voltage level signal. Two voltage level signals, wherein the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal are opposite phases. The voltage adjustment circuit is electrically connected to the voltage switching circuit, and receives the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal, so as to generate the first adjustment voltage signal and the second voltage level signal through the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal 2. Adjust the voltage signal. The frequency generation circuit is electrically connected to the voltage adjustment circuit, and receives the first adjustment voltage signal and the second adjustment voltage signal, so as to generate the first output frequency signal and the second output frequency signal according to the first adjustment voltage signal and the second adjustment voltage signal.

Description

振盪器oscillator

本發明係有關於一種振盪器，特別是有關於一種無須使用石英晶體的振盪器。The present invention relates to an oscillator, in particular to an oscillator which does not require the use of a quartz crystal.

振盪器電路係為目前廣泛使用的電路之一，用於產生具有振盪頻率之訊號，作為各種電子產品中的頻率訊號來源。然而，在目前振盪器電路的整體架構上，需要使用石英晶體作為訊號的來源，因而提高了振盪器的製作成本，且造成振盪器電路在電路設計上的複雜度較高。Oscillator circuit is one of the widely used circuits at present, which is used to generate signals with oscillation frequency as the source of frequency signals in various electronic products. However, in the overall structure of the current oscillator circuit, a quartz crystal needs to be used as a signal source, thus increasing the manufacturing cost of the oscillator and causing high complexity in the circuit design of the oscillator circuit.

據此，如何提供一種無須使用石英晶體的振盪器已成為目前急需研究的課題。Accordingly, how to provide an oscillator without using a quartz crystal has become an urgent research topic.

鑑於上述問題，本發明揭露一種振盪器，包含電壓切換電路、電壓調整電路以及頻率產生電路。電壓切換電路電性連接第一輸出端及第二輸出端，並接收第一輸出端及第二輸出端產生的第一輸出電壓訊號及第二輸出電壓訊號，以藉由第一輸出電壓訊號及第二輸出電壓訊號切換第一輸入電壓訊號輸出至第一電壓準位訊號，以及切換第二輸入電壓訊號輸出至第二電壓準位訊號，其中第一電壓準位訊號與第二電壓準位訊號係反相，第一輸出電壓訊號與第二輸出電壓訊號係反相，第一電壓準位訊號與第二電壓準位訊號係反相。電壓調整電路電性連接電壓切換電路，並接收第一電壓準位訊號及第二電壓準位訊號的電壓，以藉由第一電壓準位訊號及第二電壓準位訊號的電壓產生第一調整電壓訊號及第二調整電壓訊號。頻率產生電路電性連接電壓調整電路，並接收第一調整電壓訊號及第二調整電壓訊號，以根據第一調整電壓訊號及第二調整電壓訊號產生第一輸出頻率訊號及第二輸出頻率訊號。In view of the above problems, the present invention discloses an oscillator including a voltage switching circuit, a voltage adjusting circuit and a frequency generating circuit. The voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and receives the first output voltage signal and the second output voltage signal generated by the first output terminal and the second output terminal, so as to use the first output voltage signal and The second output voltage signal switches the output of the first input voltage signal to the first voltage level signal, and switches the output of the second input voltage signal to the second voltage level signal, wherein the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal Inverted, the first output voltage signal and the second output voltage signal are inverted, the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal are inverted. The voltage adjustment circuit is electrically connected to the voltage switching circuit, and receives the voltages of the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal, so as to generate the first adjustment by the voltages of the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal The voltage signal and the second adjusted voltage signal. The frequency generation circuit is electrically connected to the voltage adjustment circuit, and receives the first adjustment voltage signal and the second adjustment voltage signal, so as to generate the first output frequency signal and the second output frequency signal according to the first adjustment voltage signal and the second adjustment voltage signal.

承上所述，本發明藉由電路設計，在無須使用石英晶體的情況下，即可產生可調振盪頻率之振盪器，具有成本低廉、設計簡易以及彈性調節等優點。Based on the above, the present invention can generate an oscillator with an adjustable oscillation frequency without using a quartz crystal through circuit design, and has the advantages of low cost, simple design, and flexible adjustment.

請參閱圖1及圖2，其係為本發明振盪器的方塊示意圖以及各個電壓訊號以及輸出頻率訊號相位示意圖。振盪器1包含電壓切換電路11、電壓調整電路12以及頻率產生電路13。電壓切換電路11具有第一輸入端及第二輸入端，第一輸入端接收第一輸入電壓訊號VI1，第二輸入端接收第二輸入電壓訊號VI2，電壓切換電路11進一步電性連接振盪器1的第一輸出端及第二輸出端，並接收振盪器1第一輸出端及第二輸出端輸出的第一輸出電壓訊號VO1及第二輸出電壓訊號VO2，以藉由第一輸出電壓訊號VO1及第二輸出電壓訊號VO2切換第一輸入電壓訊號VI1輸出至第一電壓準位訊號VL1，以及切換第二輸入電壓訊號VI2輸出至第二電壓準位訊號VL2，其中第一電壓準位訊號VL1與第二電壓準位訊號VL2係為反相的電壓準位訊號。電壓調整電路12電性連接電壓切換電路11，並接收第一電壓準位訊號VL1及第二電壓準位訊號VL2的電壓，以藉由第一電壓準位訊號VL1及第二電壓準位訊號VL2的電壓產生第一調整電壓訊號VA1及第二調整電壓訊號VA2。頻率產生電路13電性連接電壓調整電路12，並接收第一調整電壓訊號VA1及第二調整電壓訊號VA2，以根據第一調整電壓訊號VA1及第二調整電壓訊號VA2產生具有第一輸出頻率訊號f1的第一輸出電壓訊號VO1以及具有第二輸出頻率訊號f2的第二輸出電壓訊號VO2，其中第一輸出頻率訊號f1與第二輸出頻率訊號f2係反相。Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , which are block schematic diagrams of the oscillator of the present invention and phase schematic diagrams of various voltage signals and output frequency signals. The oscillator 1 includes a voltage switching circuit 11 , a voltage adjusting circuit 12 and a frequency generating circuit 13 . The voltage switching circuit 11 has a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The first input terminal receives the first input voltage signal VI1, and the second input terminal receives the second input voltage signal VI2. The voltage switching circuit 11 is further electrically connected to the oscillator 1 The first output terminal and the second output terminal of the oscillator 1, and receive the first output voltage signal VO1 and the second output voltage signal VO2 output by the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the oscillator 1, so as to pass the first output voltage signal VO1 and the second output voltage signal VO2 switch the output of the first input voltage signal VI1 to the first voltage level signal VL1, and switch the output of the second input voltage signal VI2 to the second voltage level signal VL2, wherein the first voltage level signal VL1 The second voltage level signal VL2 is a voltage level signal in opposite phase. The voltage adjustment circuit 12 is electrically connected to the voltage switching circuit 11, and receives the voltages of the first voltage level signal VL1 and the second voltage level signal VL2, so as to pass the first voltage level signal VL1 and the second voltage level signal VL2 The voltage of the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 and the second adjustment voltage signal VA2 are generated. The frequency generation circuit 13 is electrically connected to the voltage adjustment circuit 12, and receives the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 and the second adjustment voltage signal VA2, so as to generate a first output frequency signal according to the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 and the second adjustment voltage signal VA2 The first output voltage signal VO1 of f1 and the second output voltage signal VO2 having the second output frequency signal f2, wherein the first output frequency signal f1 and the second output frequency signal f2 are antiphase.

請參閱圖3，其係為本發明振盪器的電壓切換電路示意圖。電壓切換電路11包含第一電晶體開關111、第二電晶體開關112、第三電晶體開關113以及第四電晶體開關114。第一電晶體開關111及第二電晶體開關112係為P型金氧半導體(PMOS)電晶體，第三電晶體開關113以及第四電晶體開關114係為N型金氧半導體(NMOS)電晶體。第一電晶體開關111具有第一接收端、第一驅動端及第一輸出端，第一接收端連接接收第一輸入電壓訊號VI1，第一驅動端接收第一輸出電壓訊號VO1，使第一電晶體開關111根據第一輸出電壓訊號VO1開啟或關閉，並使得第一輸出端的訊號隨著第一輸出電壓訊號VO1以及第一輸入電壓訊號VI1而變動。第二電晶體開關112具有第二接收端、第二驅動端及第二輸出端，第二接收端接收第一輸入電壓訊號VI1，第二驅動端接收第二輸出電壓訊號VO2，使第二電晶體開關112根據第二輸出電壓訊號VO2開啟或關閉，並使得第二輸出端的訊號隨著第二輸出電壓訊號VO2以及第一輸入電壓訊號VI1而變動。第三電晶體開關113具有第三接收端、第三驅動端及第三輸出端，第三接收端接收第二輸入電壓訊號VI2，第三驅動端接收第一輸出電壓訊號VO1，使第三電晶體開關113根據第一輸出電壓訊號VO1開啟或關閉，並使得第三輸出端的訊號隨著第一輸出電壓訊號VO1以及第二輸入電壓訊號VI2而變動。第四電晶體開關114具有第四接收端、第四驅動端及第四輸出端，第四接收端接收第二輸入電壓訊號VI2，第四驅動端接收第二輸出電壓訊號VO2，使第四電晶體開關114根據第二輸出電壓訊號VO2開啟或關閉，並使得第四輸出端的訊號隨著第二輸出電壓訊號VO2以及第二輸入電壓訊號VI2而變動。Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the voltage switching circuit of the oscillator of the present invention. The voltage switching circuit 11 includes a first transistor switch 111 , a second transistor switch 112 , a third transistor switch 113 and a fourth transistor switch 114 . The first transistor switch 111 and the second transistor switch 112 are P-type metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistors, and the third transistor switch 113 and the fourth transistor switch 114 are N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistors. crystals. The first transistor switch 111 has a first receiving end, a first driving end and a first output end, the first receiving end is connected to receive the first input voltage signal VI1, and the first driving end receives the first output voltage signal VO1, so that the first The transistor switch 111 is turned on or off according to the first output voltage signal VO1 , and makes the signal at the first output terminal vary with the first output voltage signal VO1 and the first input voltage signal VI1 . The second transistor switch 112 has a second receiving end, a second driving end and a second output end, the second receiving end receives the first input voltage signal VI1, and the second driving end receives the second output voltage signal VO2, so that the second voltage The crystal switch 112 is turned on or off according to the second output voltage signal VO2 , and makes the signal at the second output terminal vary with the second output voltage signal VO2 and the first input voltage signal VI1 . The third transistor switch 113 has a third receiving end, a third driving end and a third output end, the third receiving end receives the second input voltage signal VI2, and the third driving end receives the first output voltage signal VO1, so that the third voltage The crystal switch 113 is turned on or off according to the first output voltage signal VO1 , and makes the signal at the third output terminal vary with the first output voltage signal VO1 and the second input voltage signal VI2 . The fourth transistor switch 114 has a fourth receiving end, a fourth driving end and a fourth output end, the fourth receiving end receives the second input voltage signal VI2, and the fourth driving end receives the second output voltage signal VO2, so that the fourth voltage The crystal switch 114 is turned on or off according to the second output voltage signal VO2 , and makes the signal at the fourth output terminal vary with the second output voltage signal VO2 and the second input voltage signal VI2 .

承上所述，於本發明之一實施例中，當第三電晶體開關113的第三驅動端接收到的第一輸出電壓訊號VO1為高電壓準位時，使得第三電晶體開關113導通，第三電晶體開關113則根據第一輸出電壓訊號VO1以及第二輸入電壓訊號VI2，切換第三輸出端的訊號為第一電壓準位訊號VL1。此時，由於第二輸出電壓訊號VO2與第一輸出電壓訊號VO1係為反相，因此，第二電晶體開關112導通，第二電晶體開關112則根據第二輸出電壓訊號VO2以及第一輸入電壓訊號VI1，切換第二輸出端的訊號為第二電壓準位訊號VL2。相同地，當第一電晶體開關111的第一驅動端接收到的第一輸出電壓訊號VO1為低電壓準位時，使得第一電晶體開關111導通，第一電晶體開關111則根據第一輸出電壓訊號VO1以及第一輸入電壓訊號VI1，切換第一輸出端的訊號為第一電壓準位訊號VL1。此時，由於第二輸出電壓訊號VO2與第一輸出電壓訊號VO1係為反相，因此，第四電晶體開關114導通，第四電晶體開關114則根據第二輸出電壓訊號VO2以及第二輸入電壓訊號VI2，切換第四輸出端的訊號為第二電壓準位訊號VL2，其中第一電壓準位訊號VL1與第二電壓準位訊號VL2係為反相的電壓訊號準位。其餘電晶體開關的作動原理與此相同，相似的作動過程於此不再贅述。As mentioned above, in one embodiment of the present invention, when the first output voltage signal VO1 received by the third driving terminal of the third transistor switch 113 is at a high voltage level, the third transistor switch 113 is turned on. , the third transistor switch 113 switches the signal at the third output end to the first voltage level signal VL1 according to the first output voltage signal VO1 and the second input voltage signal VI2 . At this time, since the second output voltage signal VO2 and the first output voltage signal VO1 are in antiphase, the second transistor switch 112 is turned on, and the second transistor switch 112 is based on the second output voltage signal VO2 and the first input voltage. The voltage signal VI1 switches the signal of the second output end to the second voltage level signal VL2. Similarly, when the first output voltage signal VO1 received by the first driving terminal of the first transistor switch 111 is at a low voltage level, the first transistor switch 111 is turned on, and the first transistor switch 111 is turned on according to the first The output voltage signal VO1 and the first input voltage signal VI1 switch the signal at the first output end to the first voltage level signal VL1. At this time, since the second output voltage signal VO2 and the first output voltage signal VO1 are in antiphase, the fourth transistor switch 114 is turned on, and the fourth transistor switch 114 is based on the second output voltage signal VO2 and the second input voltage. The voltage signal VI2 switches the signal of the fourth output end to the second voltage level signal VL2, wherein the first voltage level signal VL1 and the second voltage level signal VL2 are voltage signal levels with opposite phases. The actuation principles of the other transistor switches are the same, and the similar actuation process will not be repeated here.

請參閱圖4，其係為本發明振盪器的電壓調整電路示意圖。電壓調整電路12包含第一充放電元件121及第二充放電元件122，第一充放電元件121根據電壓切換電路11產生的第一電壓準位訊號VL1或第二電壓準位訊號VL2充電或放電，第二充放電元件122根據第一電壓準位訊號VL1或第二電壓準位訊號VL2充電或放電。於本發明之實施例中，第一充放電元件121包含第一電阻R1及第一可變電容C1，第一電阻R1的第一端連接第一電壓準位訊號VL1的電壓，第二端連接第一可變電容C1的第一端，第一可變電容C1的第二端連接第二電壓準位訊號VL2的電壓。第二充放電元件122包含第二電阻R2及第二可變電容C2，第二電阻R2的第一端連接第二電壓準位訊號VL2的電壓，第二端連接第二可變電容C2的第一端，第一可變電容C2的第二端連接第一電壓準位訊號VL1的電壓，其中第一調整電壓訊號VA1係藉由調整第一可變電容C1的電容值改變其電壓值，亦即藉由調整第一充放電元件121的時間常數改變其充放電速度，第二調整電壓訊號VA2係藉由調整第二可變電容C2的電容值改變其電壓值，亦即藉由調整第二充放電元件122的時間常數改變其充放電速度。Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the voltage adjustment circuit of the oscillator of the present invention. The voltage regulation circuit 12 includes a first charging and discharging element 121 and a second charging and discharging element 122. The first charging and discharging element 121 charges or discharges according to the first voltage level signal VL1 or the second voltage level signal VL2 generated by the voltage switching circuit 11. , the second charging and discharging element 122 charges or discharges according to the first voltage level signal VL1 or the second voltage level signal VL2 . In an embodiment of the present invention, the first charging and discharging element 121 includes a first resistor R1 and a first variable capacitor C1, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the voltage of the first voltage level signal VL1, and the second end is connected to The first terminal of the first variable capacitor C1 and the second terminal of the first variable capacitor C1 are connected to the voltage of the second voltage level signal VL2 . The second charging and discharging element 122 includes a second resistor R2 and a second variable capacitor C2. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the voltage of the second voltage level signal VL2, and the second end is connected to the second voltage of the second variable capacitor C2. One end, the second end of the first variable capacitor C2 is connected to the voltage of the first voltage level signal VL1, wherein the first adjusted voltage signal VA1 changes its voltage value by adjusting the capacitance value of the first variable capacitor C1, and also That is, by adjusting the time constant of the first charging and discharging element 121 to change its charging and discharging speed, the second adjusted voltage signal VA2 changes its voltage value by adjusting the capacitance value of the second variable capacitor C2, that is, by adjusting the second The time constant of the charging and discharging element 122 changes its charging and discharging speed.

承上所述，當第一電壓準位訊號VL1處於高電壓準位時，係透過第一電阻R1對第一可變電容C1充電，使得第一可變電容C1的端點上產生的第一調整電壓訊號VA1為高電壓準位，相對地，當第二電壓準位訊號VL2處於低電壓準位，第二可變電容C2係透過第二電阻R2放電，使得第二可變電容C2的端點上產生的第二調整電壓訊號VA2為低電壓準位。相似地，當第一電壓準位訊號VL1處於低電壓準位時，第一可變電容C1係透過第一電阻R1放電，使得第一可變電容C1的端點上產生的第一調整電壓訊號VA1為低電壓準位，相對地，當第二電壓準位訊號VL2處於高電壓準位，第二可變電容C2係透過第二電阻R2對第二可變電容C2充電，使得第二可變電容C2的端點上產生的第二調整電壓訊號VA2為高電壓準位。As mentioned above, when the first voltage level signal VL1 is at a high voltage level, the first variable capacitor C1 is charged through the first resistor R1, so that the first voltage generated at the terminal of the first variable capacitor C1 Adjust the voltage signal VA1 to a high voltage level. Correspondingly, when the second voltage level signal VL2 is at a low voltage level, the second variable capacitor C2 is discharged through the second resistor R2, so that the terminal of the second variable capacitor C2 The second adjustment voltage signal VA2 generated at the point is a low voltage level. Similarly, when the first voltage level signal VL1 is at a low voltage level, the first variable capacitor C1 is discharged through the first resistor R1, so that the first adjustment voltage signal generated at the terminal of the first variable capacitor C1 VA1 is a low voltage level. Relatively, when the second voltage level signal VL2 is at a high voltage level, the second variable capacitor C2 charges the second variable capacitor C2 through the second resistor R2, so that the second variable capacitor C2 The second adjustment voltage signal VA2 generated at the terminal of the capacitor C2 is a high voltage level.

請參閱圖5，其係為本發明振盪器的頻率產生電路示意圖。頻率產生電路13包含定電壓電路131以及反相偏壓比較電路132。定電壓電路131輸出一定電壓訊號VC至反相偏壓比較電路132。反相偏壓比較電路132電性連接定電壓電路131及電壓調整電路12，並接收定電壓電路131產生的定電壓訊號VC，以及接收電壓調整電路12產生的第一調整電壓訊號VA1及第二調整電壓訊號VA2，以根據定電壓訊號VC、第一調整電壓訊號VA1及第二調整電壓訊號VA2產生具有第一輸出頻率訊號f1的第一輸出電壓訊號VO1及具有第二輸出頻率訊號f2的第二輸出電壓訊號VO2。Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the frequency generating circuit of the oscillator of the present invention. The frequency generation circuit 13 includes a constant voltage circuit 131 and a reverse bias voltage comparison circuit 132 . The constant voltage circuit 131 outputs a constant voltage signal VC to the reverse bias comparator circuit 132 . The reverse bias voltage comparator circuit 132 is electrically connected to the constant voltage circuit 131 and the voltage adjustment circuit 12, and receives the constant voltage signal VC generated by the constant voltage circuit 131, and receives the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 and the second voltage adjustment signal VA1 generated by the voltage adjustment circuit 12. Adjust the voltage signal VA2 to generate the first output voltage signal VO1 with the first output frequency signal f1 and the first output voltage signal VO1 with the second output frequency signal f2 according to the constant voltage signal VC, the first adjusted voltage signal VA1 and the second adjusted voltage signal VA2 Two output voltage signal VO2.

定電壓電路131包含比較電路131A、偏壓電路131B以及複製電路131C。比較電路131A具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端及輸出端。偏壓電路131B電性連接至高電壓、低電壓及比較電路131A的第一輸入端，以產生偏壓電壓訊號VR1至比較電路131A的第一輸入端。複製電路131C電性連接至高電壓、低電壓以及比較電路131A的輸出端及第二輸入端，以產生複製電壓訊號VR2至比較電路131A的第二輸入端。比較電路131A藉由比較偏壓電壓訊號VR1及複製電壓訊號VR2以產生一比較結果，並由該比較結果產生定電壓訊號VC至複製電路131C及反相偏壓比較電路132。The constant voltage circuit 131 includes a comparison circuit 131A, a bias circuit 131B, and a replica circuit 131C. The comparison circuit 131A has a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal. The bias circuit 131B is electrically connected to the high voltage, the low voltage and the first input end of the comparison circuit 131A to generate a bias voltage signal VR1 to the first input end of the comparison circuit 131A. The replica circuit 131C is electrically connected to the high voltage, the low voltage, and the output terminal and the second input terminal of the comparison circuit 131A to generate a replica voltage signal VR2 to the second input terminal of the comparison circuit 131A. The comparison circuit 131A generates a comparison result by comparing the bias voltage signal VR1 and the replica voltage signal VR2 , and generates a constant voltage signal VC from the comparison result to the replica circuit 131C and the reverse bias comparison circuit 132 .

反相偏壓比較電路132包含第五電晶體開關132A、第六電晶體開關132B、第七電晶體開關132C、第八電晶體開關132D、第九電晶體開關132E、第一反相器132F及第二反相器132G。第五電晶體開關132A、第六電晶體開關132B、第七電晶體開關132C係為P型金氧半導體(PMOS)電晶體，第八電晶體開關132D、第九電晶體開關132E係為N型金氧半導體(NMOS)電晶體。第五電晶體開關132A的汲極端連接高電壓，閘極端連接定電壓電路131的輸出端，以根據定電壓電路131產生的定電壓訊號VC作動。而由於定電壓電路131產生的定電壓訊號VC之電壓為一固定值，因此，第五電晶體開關132A係處於固定開啟的狀態。第六電晶體開關132B的閘極連接第八電晶體開關132D的閘極，並接收第一調整電壓訊號VA1。第六電晶體開關132B的源極連接第八電晶體開關132D的汲極，並連接第一反相器132F的輸入端。第八電晶體開關132D的源極連接低電壓。第七電晶體開關132C的閘極連接第九電晶體開關132E的閘極，並接收第二調整電壓訊號VA2。第七電晶體開關132C的源極連接第九電晶體開關132E的汲極，並連接第二反相器132G的輸入端。第九電晶體開關132E的源極連接低電壓。The reverse bias comparison circuit 132 includes a fifth transistor switch 132A, a sixth transistor switch 132B, a seventh transistor switch 132C, an eighth transistor switch 132D, a ninth transistor switch 132E, a first inverter 132F and The second inverter 132G. The fifth transistor switch 132A, the sixth transistor switch 132B, and the seventh transistor switch 132C are P-type metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistors, and the eighth transistor switch 132D and the ninth transistor switch 132E are N-type. Metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistors. The drain terminal of the fifth transistor switch 132A is connected to a high voltage, and the gate terminal is connected to the output terminal of the constant voltage circuit 131 to act according to the constant voltage signal VC generated by the constant voltage circuit 131 . Since the voltage of the constant voltage signal VC generated by the constant voltage circuit 131 is a fixed value, the fifth transistor switch 132A is in a fixed open state. The gate of the sixth transistor switch 132B is connected to the gate of the eighth transistor switch 132D, and receives the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 . The source of the sixth transistor switch 132B is connected to the drain of the eighth transistor switch 132D, and is connected to the input terminal of the first inverter 132F. The source of the eighth transistor switch 132D is connected to a low voltage. The gate of the seventh transistor switch 132C is connected to the gate of the ninth transistor switch 132E, and receives the second adjustment voltage signal VA2. The source of the seventh transistor switch 132C is connected to the drain of the ninth transistor switch 132E, and is connected to the input terminal of the second inverter 132G. The source of the ninth transistor switch 132E is connected to a low voltage.

承上所述，當第一調整電壓訊號VA1為高電壓準位時，第八電晶體1開關132D導通，使得第一反相器132F的輸入端為低電壓準位，輸出端則反相輸出具有第一輸出頻率訊號f1的第一輸出電壓訊號VO1，其係為高電壓準位。當第一調整電壓訊號VA1為高電壓準位時，第二調整電壓訊號VA2則相對為低電壓準位，第七電晶體開關132C導通，使得第二反相器132G的輸入端為高電壓準位，輸出端則反相輸出具有第二輸出頻率訊號f2的第二輸出電壓訊號VO2，其係為低電壓準位。相似地，當第一調整電壓訊號VA1為低電壓準位時，第六電晶體開關132B導通，使得第一反相器132F的輸入端為高電壓準位，輸出端則反相輸出具有第一輸出頻率訊號f1的第一輸出電壓訊號VO1，其係為低電壓準位。當第一調整電壓訊號VA1為低電壓準位時，第二調整電壓訊號VA2則相對為高電壓準位，第九電晶體開關132E導通，使得第二反相器132G的輸入端為低電壓準位，輸出端則反相輸出具有第二輸出頻率訊號f2的第二輸出電壓訊號VO2，其係為高電壓準位，其中第一輸出頻率訊號f1與第二輸出頻率訊號f2係反相。As mentioned above, when the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 is at a high voltage level, the eighth transistor 1 switch 132D is turned on, so that the input terminal of the first inverter 132F is at a low voltage level, and the output terminal is inverted. The first output voltage signal VO1 having the first output frequency signal f1 is at a high voltage level. When the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 is at a high voltage level, the second adjustment voltage signal VA2 is relatively at a low voltage level, and the seventh transistor switch 132C is turned on, so that the input terminal of the second inverter 132G is at a high voltage level. bit, the output terminal inverts and outputs the second output voltage signal VO2 with the second output frequency signal f2, which is a low voltage level. Similarly, when the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 is at a low voltage level, the sixth transistor switch 132B is turned on, so that the input terminal of the first inverter 132F is at a high voltage level, and the output terminal is an inverted output having the first The first output voltage signal VO1 of the output frequency signal f1 is a low voltage level. When the first adjustment voltage signal VA1 is at a low voltage level, the second adjustment voltage signal VA2 is relatively at a high voltage level, and the ninth transistor switch 132E is turned on, so that the input terminal of the second inverter 132G is at a low voltage level. The output end then outputs the second output voltage signal VO2 with the second output frequency signal f2 in reverse phase, which is a high voltage level, wherein the first output frequency signal f1 and the second output frequency signal f2 are in reverse phase.

綜上所述，本發明藉由簡易的電路設計，在無須使用石英晶體的情況下，即可產生可調式之振盪器電路的震盪頻率，具有成本低廉、設計簡易以及彈性調節等優點。To sum up, the present invention can generate an adjustable oscillation frequency of an oscillator circuit without using a quartz crystal through a simple circuit design, and has the advantages of low cost, simple design, and flexible adjustment.

1:振盪器 11:電壓切換電路 111:第一電晶體開關 112:第二電晶體開關 113:第三電晶體開關 114:第四電晶體開關 12:電壓調整電路 121:第一充放電元件 122:第二充放電元件 13:頻率產生電路 131:定電壓電路 131A:比較電路 131B:偏壓電路 131C:複製電路 132:反相偏壓比較電路 132A:第五電晶體開關 132B:第六電晶體開關 132C:第七電晶體開關 132D:第八電晶體開關 132E:第九電晶體開關 132F:第一反相器 132G:第二反相器 VI1:第一輸入電壓訊號 VI2:第二輸入電壓訊號 VL1:第一電壓準位訊號 VL2:第二電壓準位訊號 VO1:第一輸出電壓訊號 VO2:第二輸出電壓訊號 VA1:第一調整電壓訊號 VA2:第二調整電壓訊號 VR1:偏壓電壓訊號 VR2:複製電壓訊號 VC:定電壓訊號 R1:第一電阻 C1:第一可變電容 R2:第二電阻 C2:第二可變電容 1: Oscillator 11: Voltage switching circuit 111: first transistor switch 112: second transistor switch 113: The third transistor switch 114: The fourth transistor switch 12: Voltage adjustment circuit 121: The first charging and discharging element 122: The second charging and discharging element 13: Frequency generating circuit 131: Constant voltage circuit 131A: comparison circuit 131B: bias circuit 131C: Copy circuit 132: Reverse bias voltage comparator circuit 132A: fifth transistor switch 132B: the sixth transistor switch 132C: The seventh transistor switch 132D: Eighth transistor switch 132E: ninth transistor switch 132F: the first inverter 132G: second inverter VI1: The first input voltage signal VI2: Second input voltage signal VL1: The first voltage level signal VL2: Second voltage level signal VO1: The first output voltage signal VO2: Second output voltage signal VA1: The first adjustment voltage signal VA2: Second adjustment voltage signal VR1: bias voltage signal VR2: copy voltage signal VC: constant voltage signal R1: the first resistor C1: the first variable capacitor R2: Second resistor C2: second variable capacitor

圖1係為本發明振盪器的方塊示意圖； 圖2係為本發明振盪器各個電壓訊號以及輸出頻率訊號的相位示意圖； 圖3係為本發明振盪器的電壓切換電路示意圖； 圖4係為本發明振盪器的電壓調整電路示意圖；以及 圖5係為本發明振盪器的頻率產生電路示意圖。 Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an oscillator of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the phase schematic diagram of each voltage signal and output frequency signal of the oscillator of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the voltage switching circuit of the oscillator of the present invention; Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the voltage adjustment circuit of the oscillator of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the frequency generating circuit of the oscillator of the present invention.

1:振盪器 1: Oscillator

11:電壓切換電路 11: Voltage switching circuit

12:電壓調整電路 12: Voltage adjustment circuit

13:頻率產生電路 13: Frequency generating circuit

VI1:第一輸入電壓訊號 VI1: The first input voltage signal

VI2:第二輸入電壓訊號 VI2: Second input voltage signal

VO1:第一輸出電壓訊號 VO1: The first output voltage signal

VO2:第二輸出電壓訊號 VO2: Second output voltage signal

Claims (7)

一種振盪器，包含：一電壓切換電路，電性連接一第一輸出端及一第二輸出端，並接收該第一輸出端及該第二輸出端產生之一第一輸出電壓訊號及一第二輸出電壓訊號，以藉由該第一輸出電壓訊號及該第二輸出電壓訊號切換一第一輸入電壓訊號輸出至一第一電壓準位訊號，以及切換一第二輸入電壓訊號輸出至一第二電壓準位訊號，其中該第一電壓準位訊號與該第二電壓準位訊號係反相，該第一輸出電壓訊號與該第二輸出電壓訊號係反相；一電壓調整電路，電性連接該電壓切換電路，並接收該第一電壓準位訊號及該第二電壓準位訊號，以藉由該第一電壓準位訊號及該第二電壓準位訊號產生一第一調整電壓訊號及一第二調整電壓訊號；以及一頻率產生電路，電性連接該電壓調整電路，並接收該第一調整電壓訊號及該第二調整電壓訊號，以根據該第一調整電壓訊號及該第二調整電壓訊號輸出具有一第一輸出頻率訊號之該第一輸出電壓訊號及具有一第二輸出頻率訊號之該第二輸出電壓訊號。 An oscillator, comprising: a voltage switching circuit electrically connected to a first output terminal and a second output terminal, and receiving a first output voltage signal and a first output voltage signal generated by the first output terminal and the second output terminal Two output voltage signals, for switching a first input voltage signal output to a first voltage level signal through the first output voltage signal and the second output voltage signal, and switching a second input voltage signal output to a first voltage level signal Two voltage level signals, wherein the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal are antiphase, the first output voltage signal and the second output voltage signal are antiphase; a voltage adjustment circuit, electrically connected to the voltage switching circuit, and receiving the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal, so as to generate a first adjustment voltage signal and a second adjustment voltage signal; and a frequency generating circuit, electrically connected to the voltage adjustment circuit, and receiving the first adjustment voltage signal and the second adjustment voltage signal, to adjust according to the first adjustment voltage signal and the second adjustment The voltage signal outputs the first output voltage signal with a first output frequency signal and the second output voltage signal with a second output frequency signal. 如請求項1所述之振盪器，其中該電壓切換電路包含：一第一電晶體開關，具有一第一接收端、一第一驅動端及一第一輸出端，該第一接收端接收該第一輸入電壓訊號，該第一驅動端接收該第一輸出電壓訊號，使該第一電晶體開關根據該第一輸出電壓訊號開啟或關閉，以及使得該第一電晶體開關之該第一輸出端的一第一訊號根據該第一輸入電壓訊號以及該第一輸出電壓訊號切換為一第一電壓準位訊號；一第二電晶體開關，具有一第二接收端、一第二驅動端及一第二輸出端，該第二接收端接收該第一輸入電壓訊號，該第二驅動端接收該第二輸出電壓訊號，使該第二電晶體開關根據該第二輸出電壓訊號開啟或關閉，以及使得該第 二電晶體開關之該第二輸出端的一第二訊號根據該第一輸入電壓訊號以及該第二輸出電壓訊號切換為一第二電壓準位訊號；一第三電晶體開關，具有一第三接收端、一第三驅動端及一第三輸出端，該第三接收端接收該第二輸入電壓訊號，該第三驅動端接收該第一輸出電壓訊號，使該第三電晶體開關根據該第一輸出電壓訊號開啟或關閉，以及使得該第三電晶體開關之該第三輸出端的一第三訊號根據該第二輸入電壓訊號以及該第一輸出電壓訊號切換為一第一電壓準位訊號；以及一第四電晶體開關，具有一第四接收端、一第四驅動端及一第四輸出端，該第四接收端接收該第二輸入電壓訊號，該第四驅動端接收該第二輸出電壓訊號，使該第二電晶體開關根據該第二輸出電壓訊號開啟或關閉，以及使得該第四電晶體開關之該第四輸出端的一第四訊號根據該第二輸入電壓訊號以及該第二輸出電壓訊號切換為一第二電壓準位訊號；其中該第一電壓準位訊號及該第二電壓準位訊號係為反相的電壓訊號準位。 The oscillator as described in claim 1, wherein the voltage switching circuit includes: a first transistor switch having a first receiving end, a first driving end and a first output end, the first receiving end receives the The first input voltage signal, the first driving terminal receives the first output voltage signal, makes the first transistor switch turn on or off according to the first output voltage signal, and makes the first output of the first transistor switch A first signal at the terminal is switched to a first voltage level signal according to the first input voltage signal and the first output voltage signal; a second transistor switch has a second receiving terminal, a second driving terminal and a a second output terminal, the second receiving terminal receives the first input voltage signal, the second driving terminal receives the second output voltage signal, so that the second transistor switch is turned on or off according to the second output voltage signal, and so that the first A second signal of the second output terminal of the second transistor switch is switched to a second voltage level signal according to the first input voltage signal and the second output voltage signal; a third transistor switch has a third receiver Terminal, a third driving terminal and a third output terminal, the third receiving terminal receives the second input voltage signal, the third driving terminal receives the first output voltage signal, so that the third transistor switch according to the first an output voltage signal is turned on or off, and a third signal at the third output terminal of the third transistor switch is switched to a first voltage level signal according to the second input voltage signal and the first output voltage signal; and a fourth transistor switch having a fourth receiving end, a fourth driving end and a fourth output end, the fourth receiving end receives the second input voltage signal, and the fourth driving end receives the second output voltage signal, making the second transistor switch turn on or off according to the second output voltage signal, and making a fourth signal of the fourth output terminal of the fourth transistor switch according to the second input voltage signal and the second The output voltage signal is switched to a second voltage level signal; wherein the first voltage level signal and the second voltage level signal are voltage signal levels with opposite phases. 如請求項1所述之振盪器，其中該電壓調整電路包含：一第一充放電元件，具有一第一電阻及一第一可變電容，該第一電阻之一第一端連接該第一電壓準位訊號，該第一電阻之一第二端連接該第一可變電容之一第一端，該第一可變電容之一第二端連接該第二電壓準位訊號；以及一第二充放電元件，具有一第二電阻及一第二可變電容，該第二電阻之一第一端連接該第二電壓準位訊號，該第二電阻之一第二端連接該第二可變電容之一第一端，該第二可變電容之一第二端連接該第一電壓準位訊號；其中該第一調整電壓訊號係藉由調整該第一可變電容之一電容值產生，該第二調整電壓訊號係藉由調整該第二可變電容之一電容值產生。 The oscillator as described in claim 1, wherein the voltage adjustment circuit includes: a first charging and discharging element, which has a first resistor and a first variable capacitor, and a first end of the first resistor is connected to the first A voltage level signal, a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the first variable capacitor, a second end of the first variable capacitor is connected to the second voltage level signal; and a first Two charging and discharging elements, with a second resistor and a second variable capacitor, one first end of the second resistor is connected to the second voltage level signal, one second end of the second resistor is connected to the second variable capacitor A first terminal of the variable capacitor, a second terminal of the second variable capacitor is connected to the first voltage level signal; wherein the first adjusted voltage signal is generated by adjusting a capacitance value of the first variable capacitor , the second adjustment voltage signal is generated by adjusting a capacitance value of the second variable capacitor. 如請求項1所述之振盪器，其中該頻率產生電路包含： 一定電壓電路，輸出一定電壓訊號；以及一反相偏壓比較電路，電性連接該定電壓電路及該電壓調整電路，並接收該定電壓訊號、該第一調整電壓訊號及該第二調整電壓訊號，以根據定電壓訊號、該第一調整電壓訊號及該第二調整電壓訊號產生該第一輸出頻率訊號及該第二輸出頻率訊號。 The oscillator as described in Claim 1, wherein the frequency generating circuit includes: A constant voltage circuit, outputting a certain voltage signal; and a reverse bias comparator circuit, electrically connected to the constant voltage circuit and the voltage adjustment circuit, and receiving the constant voltage signal, the first adjustment voltage signal and the second adjustment voltage signal, so as to generate the first output frequency signal and the second output frequency signal according to the constant voltage signal, the first adjusted voltage signal and the second adjusted voltage signal. 如請求項4所述之振盪器，其中該定電壓電路包含：一比較電路，具有一第一輸入端、一第二輸入端及一輸出端；一偏壓電路，電性連接至一高電壓端、一低電壓端及該比較電路之該第一輸入端，以產生一偏壓電壓訊號至該比較電路之該第一輸入端；以及一複製電路，電性連接至該高電壓端、該低電壓端以及該比較電路之該輸出端及該第二輸入端，以產生一複製電壓訊號至該比較電路之該第二輸入端；其中該比較電路比較該偏壓電壓訊號及該複製電壓訊號，並由一比較結果產生該定電壓訊號至該複製電路及該反相偏壓比較電路。 The oscillator as described in claim 4, wherein the constant voltage circuit includes: a comparator circuit having a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal; a bias circuit electrically connected to a high voltage terminal, a low voltage terminal and the first input terminal of the comparison circuit to generate a bias voltage signal to the first input terminal of the comparison circuit; and a replica circuit electrically connected to the high voltage terminal, The low voltage terminal and the output terminal and the second input terminal of the comparison circuit to generate a replica voltage signal to the second input terminal of the comparison circuit; wherein the comparison circuit compares the bias voltage signal and the replica voltage signal, and generate the constant voltage signal from a comparison result to the replica circuit and the reverse bias comparison circuit. 如請求項4所述之振盪器，其中該反相偏壓比較電路包含：一第五電晶體開關，連接一高電壓端，並接收該定電壓電路產生之該定電壓訊號；一第六電晶體開關，連接該第五電晶體開關，並接收該第一調整電壓訊號；一第七電晶體開關，連接該第五電晶體開關，並接收該第二調整電壓訊號；一第八電晶體開關，連接該第五電晶體開關及一低電壓端，並接收該第一調整電壓訊號；一第九電晶體開關，連接該第七電晶體開關及該低電壓端，並接收該第二調整電壓訊號；一第一反相器，具有一輸入端及一輸出端，該第一反相器之該輸入端連接該第六電晶體開關及該第八電晶體開關；以及 一第二反相器，具有一輸入端及一輸出端，該第二反相器之該輸入端連接該第七電晶體開關及該第九電晶體開關；其中該第一反相器根據連接之該第六電晶體開關及該第八電晶體開關的作動輸出該第一輸出頻率訊號，該第二反相器根據連接之該第七電晶體開關及該第九電晶體開關的作動輸出該第二輸出頻率訊號。 The oscillator as described in claim 4, wherein the reverse bias comparison circuit includes: a fifth transistor switch connected to a high voltage terminal, and receiving the constant voltage signal generated by the constant voltage circuit; a sixth transistor A crystal switch, connected to the fifth transistor switch, and receiving the first adjustment voltage signal; a seventh transistor switch, connected to the fifth transistor switch, and receiving the second adjustment voltage signal; an eighth transistor switch , connecting the fifth transistor switch and a low voltage terminal, and receiving the first adjustment voltage signal; a ninth transistor switch, connecting the seventh transistor switch and the low voltage end, and receiving the second adjustment voltage signal; a first inverter having an input terminal and an output terminal, the input terminal of the first inverter is connected to the sixth transistor switch and the eighth transistor switch; and A second inverter has an input end and an output end, the input end of the second inverter is connected to the seventh transistor switch and the ninth transistor switch; wherein the first inverter is connected according to the The operation of the sixth transistor switch and the eighth transistor switch outputs the first output frequency signal, and the second inverter outputs the first output frequency signal according to the operation of the connected seventh transistor switch and the ninth transistor switch. The second output frequency signal. 如請求項1所述之振盪器，其中該第一輸出頻率訊號與該第二輸出頻率訊號係反相。 The oscillator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first output frequency signal and the second output frequency signal are in opposite phases.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW494617B (en) * 2000-08-25 2002-07-11 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M A mixer
TWI430591B (en) * 2011-08-25 2014-03-11 Richwave Technology Corp Radio frequency circuits and mixers
TWI686054B (en) * 2019-07-04 2020-02-21 國立暨南國際大學 Downmixer
CN112910416A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-06-04 温州大学 High-gain millimeter wave mixer applied to automobile radar

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW494617B (en) * 2000-08-25 2002-07-11 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M A mixer
TWI430591B (en) * 2011-08-25 2014-03-11 Richwave Technology Corp Radio frequency circuits and mixers
TWI686054B (en) * 2019-07-04 2020-02-21 國立暨南國際大學 Downmixer
CN112910416A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-06-04 温州大学 High-gain millimeter wave mixer applied to automobile radar

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