TWI784736B - Wide-area synchronizer of power system - Google Patents
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Description
本發明係關於一種電力系統合聯操作使用之同步儀,尤指一種廣域同步儀。 The invention relates to a synchronizer used in joint operation of electric power system, especially a wide-area synchronizer.
電力系統發生分裂或全停電的機率甚低,因此無論發電廠、變電所、甚或各級調度中心之值班調度或現場操作人員,大多未曾有過系統合聯操作實務經驗。 The probability of power system splitting or total blackout is very low, so most of the on-duty dispatchers or on-site operators in power plants, substations, and dispatch centers at all levels have no practical experience in system connection operations.
當兩分裂電力系統進行合聯,通常係於變電所進行,但因變電所並無設置自動合聯裝置,故傳統系統合聯操作時,將同步儀連接於於變電所的兩端電源之a相進行比較,並顯示該兩端電源的即時相角差,當同步儀指針固定於某一位置角度,表示兩端係同一電力系統(同頻);反之,若指針旋轉不固定,則代表兩端相角差隨時間變化(有頻率差),亦即兩端係為不同電力系統(異頻);因此,位在兩分裂電力系統之變電所的現場操作人員,必須檢視同步儀的指針狀態,由中控中心以通訊裝置聯絡位在兩處變電所的現場操作人員,調整各自的發電機組,使其電源頻率及電壓協調,直至同步儀的指針固定於某一位置角度後(通常位於12點鐘方向,即電壓相角差0度),透過手動操作完成兩分裂電力系統的合聯。 When the two split power systems are combined, it is usually carried out in the substation, but because the substation does not have an automatic coupling device, when the traditional system is combined, the synchronizer is connected to both ends of the substation Phase a of the power supply is compared, and the real-time phase angle difference of the two power supplies is displayed. When the pointer of the synchrometer is fixed at a certain position angle, it means that the two ends are of the same power system (same frequency); otherwise, if the pointer rotation is not fixed, It means that the phase angle difference between the two ends changes with time (there is a frequency difference), that is, the two ends are different power systems (different frequency); therefore, the on-site operators in the substation of the two split power systems must check the synchronization The state of the pointer of the synchronizer, the central control center uses the communication device to contact the on-site operators at the two substations, and adjusts the respective generator sets to coordinate the power supply frequency and voltage until the pointer of the synchronizer is fixed at a certain position and angle Finally (usually located at 12 o'clock, that is, the voltage phase angle difference is 0 degrees), the connection of the two split power systems is completed through manual operation.
由於位在分裂之電力系統之變電所,並不一定有同步儀做為系統合聯之參考,導致需借助操作人員之經驗進行操作,將增加操作困難度與減少成功機率,影響系統復電時間;因此,當電力系統發生分裂或全黑時,調度人員將面臨兩系統合聯之挑戰,而有必要進一步提出應對機制。 Since the substation is located in a split power system, there is not necessarily a synchronizer as a reference for system connection, which requires the experience of the operator to operate, which will increase the difficulty of operation and reduce the probability of success, and affect the restoration of the system. Time; therefore, when the power system is split or completely black, dispatchers will face the challenge of combining the two systems, and it is necessary to further propose a coping mechanism.
有鑑於上述同步儀有地域上使用受限的缺點,無法在任意地區的電力系統發生分裂或全黑時,有效進行安全的系統合聯作業,故本發明主要目的係提出一種電力系統的廣域同步儀系統。 In view of the fact that the above-mentioned synchronizer has the disadvantage of limited geographical use, it cannot effectively carry out safe system joint operations when the power system in any region is split or completely black, so the main purpose of the present invention is to propose a wide-area power system. Synchronizer system.
欲達上述目的所使用的主要技術手段係令該電力系統的廣域同步儀系統包含:多個同步擷取模組,係用以設置於電力系統的多個監測站,以監測並計算該電力系統的各該監測站的即時電力數據;一中央監控站,係包含有一即時分析模組及一資料儲存中心;其中該即時分析模組係連結該些同步擷取模組,以讀取任二監測站的電力數據,並即時計算出二電力數據差,而該資料儲存中心係連接該即時分析模組,以儲存各該監測站的電力數據及該電力數據差;以及多個即時顯示暨使用介面,係分別用以設置在併聯點變電所,並連結至該中央監控站,各該即時顯示暨使用介面包含一即時同步併聯顯示區及一操作區;其中該操作區係供設定任二電力系統的監測站;其中: 當任一該即時顯示暨使用介面設定任二監測站並回傳至該中央監控站,由該中央監控站的該即時分析模組計算出該二監測站的即時電力數據差,並回傳及顯示在該即時同步併聯顯示區上。 The main technical means used to achieve the above purpose is to make the wide-area synchronizer system of the power system include: multiple synchronization acquisition modules, which are used to set up multiple monitoring stations in the power system to monitor and calculate the power The real-time power data of each monitoring station of the system; a central monitoring station includes a real-time analysis module and a data storage center; wherein the real-time analysis module is connected to these synchronous acquisition modules to read any two The power data of the monitoring station, and calculate the difference between the two power data in real time, and the data storage center is connected to the real-time analysis module to store the power data of each monitoring station and the power data difference; and multiple real-time display and use The interfaces are respectively used to set up in the substations of parallel connection points and link to the central monitoring station. Each of the real-time display and user interfaces includes a real-time synchronous parallel connection display area and an operation area; wherein the operation area is for setting any two Monitoring stations for power systems; where: When any of the real-time display and user interface sets any two monitoring stations and sends them back to the central monitoring station, the real-time analysis module of the central monitoring station calculates the real-time power data difference of the two monitoring stations, and sends back and displayed on the instant sync parallel display area.
由上述說明可知,本發明廣域同步儀系統係主要多個同步擷取模組設置在電力系統的多個監測站,以擷取各該監測站的即時電力數據,並匯整至一中央監控站;當任意二個地區的電力系統發生分裂或全黑而產生二個分裂電力系統時,該中央監控站可立即算出位在兩分裂電力系統之監測站間的即時電力數據差,再透過網路傳送至位在兩分裂電力系統的併聯點變電所的一即時顯示暨使用介面,供併聯點變電所的現場操作人員直接取得系統合聯操作依據,方便進行系統合聯操作,有效縮短系統併聯時間並增加系統併聯成功率、降低用戶停電時間,使系統快速恢復正常運轉,確保電力系統供電可靠度。 As can be seen from the above description, the wide-area synchronizer system of the present invention mainly has a plurality of synchronous acquisition modules installed in multiple monitoring stations of the power system, so as to capture the real-time power data of each monitoring station and integrate them into a central monitoring station. station; when the power systems in any two areas are split or completely black and two split power systems are generated, the central monitoring station can immediately calculate the real-time power data difference between the monitoring stations of the two split power systems, and then through the network The system is transmitted to a real-time display and user interface located in the parallel substation of the two-split power system, so that the on-site operators of the parallel substation can directly obtain the system connection operation basis, which is convenient for the system connection operation and effectively shortens the time. The parallel connection time of the system increases the success rate of the parallel connection of the system, reduces the power outage time of the user, enables the system to quickly return to normal operation, and ensures the reliability of the power supply of the power system.
10:同步擷取模組 10: Synchronous capture module
11:相量量測單元 11: Phasor measurement unit
12:全球定位系統接收器 12: GPS receiver
20:中央監控站 20: Central monitoring station
21:即時分析模組 21: Real-time analysis module
22:資料儲存中心 22: Data Storage Center
23:網頁伺服器 23:Web server
30:即時顯示暨使用介面 30: Real-time display and user interface
31:操作區 31: Operation area
32:即時同步併聯顯示區 32: Real-time synchronous parallel display area
321:相角表 321: Phase angle table
322:相角差表 322: Phase angle difference table
323:功率因數表 323: Power factor meter
40:網路裝置 40:Network device
圖1:本發明之一電力系統的廣域同步儀系統的一系統架構示意圖。 FIG. 1 : A schematic diagram of a system architecture of a wide-area synchronizer system of a power system according to the present invention.
圖2:本發明之一即時顯示暨使用介面的示意圖。 Fig. 2: A schematic diagram of a real-time display and user interface of the present invention.
圖3A:本發明於兩監測站間的即時電力數據量的一示意圖。 FIG. 3A : a schematic diagram of the real-time power data volume between two monitoring stations according to the present invention.
圖3B:本發明於兩監測站間的即時電力數據量的另一示意圖。 FIG. 3B : Another schematic diagram of the real-time power data volume between two monitoring stations according to the present invention.
圖4:本發明計算圖3獲得即時電力數據的相角差的一示意圖。 Fig. 4: A schematic diagram of calculating the phase angle difference of the real-time power data obtained in Fig. 3 according to the present invention.
本發明係提出一種電力系統的廣域同步儀系統,供任意地區的電力系統發生分裂或全黑時,做為調度人員與現場操作人員進行系統合聯操作之依據,以下提供實施例配合圖式詳加說明本發明主要技術。 The present invention proposes a wide-area synchronizer system for power systems, which can be used as a basis for dispatchers and on-site operators to perform system joint operations when the power system in any region is split or completely black. The following provides examples and diagrams The main technology of the present invention will be described in detail.
首先請參閱圖1所示,本發明電力系統的廣域同步儀系統係包含多個同步擷取模組10、一中央監控站20及多個即時顯示暨使用介面30。
First please refer to FIG. 1 , the wide-area synchronizer system of the power system of the present invention includes a plurality of
上述多個同步擷取模組10係設置於電力系統的多個監測站,以監測並計算該電力系統中各該監測站的即時電力數據。於本實施例,各監測站包含有三個不同相位(A相、B相、C相)的匯流排,如圖3A及3B所示,可於其中一相或三相匯流排均設置有一同步擷取模組10,如此即可擷取各監測站至少一相的電力數據;其中各相電力數據包含有電壓、電壓相角及頻率。又各該同步擷取模組10係包含一相量量測單元11及一全球定位系統接收器12,由該相量量測單元11量測所對應連接之匯流排的電力數據,並計算出該相的相角,並依據全球定位系統接收器12的同步脈波,於該電力數據中加入時間戳記,由於同步擷取模組10均接收全球定位系統接收器12的同步脈波,故可將同步脈波作為同步取樣參考信號。各該相量量測單元11採遞迴式離散傳立葉轉換(Recursive DFT)計算出正相序電壓與相角,即如圖3A及圖4所示,二個同步擷取模組10分別於相同時間點在不同監測站a1、a2的同相匯流排所量測得電壓取樣資料Vi、Vj,並計算各電壓相角δi、δj後輸出。
The above-mentioned multiple
上述中央監控站20係包含有一即時分析模組21、一資料儲存中心22及一網頁伺服器23;其中該即時分析模組21係透過網路(如:乙太網路)連接該些同步擷取模組10,可讀取任二監測站a1、a2的電力數據,並即時計算出二監測站a1、a2的同相匯流排之電力數據差,即可包含電壓差、電壓相角差及頻率差。
該資料儲存中心22連接該即時分析模組21,以儲存各監測站的電力數據及特定監測站間的電力數據差,再透過該網頁伺服器23連接至網路(如:乙太網路),故該網頁伺服器23可供網路裝置40連線後,將該些電力數據及電力數據差轉換為網頁格式,以供連網的網路裝置40進行瀏覽,如此可較不限制可連線的網路裝置數量,能有效供各地變電所或供電區處以其網路裝置40連線。
The above-mentioned
上述多個即時顯示暨使用介面30係分別用以設置在併聯點變電所(或供電區處),並透過網路連接至該中央監控站20;於本實施例,該即時顯示暨使用介面30可由一網路裝置40顯示之,即該網路裝置40透過該網頁伺服器23取得由該即時分析模組21所計算出的電力數據差及所獲得的電力數據;其中各該即時顯示暨使用介面30包含一操作區31及一即時同步併聯顯示區32;其中該操作區31係至少包含不同電力系統的監測站選項,而該即時同步併聯顯示區32係顯示一相角表321、一相角差表322及一功率因數表323,另顯示電壓、頻率、頻率差、實功率(P)、虛功率[Q]、複數功率(S)及功率因數(Pf)等即時數值。於本實施例,該相角差表係顯示三相的相角差,一併供確認待合聯的匯流排的相序是否一致。
The above-mentioned multiple real-time display and
由上述說明可知,當一正常的電力系統因故在任二區域分裂成二個電力系統時,此二電力系統的頻率必定不相同;因此,該中央監控站20可即時取得位在各監測站的同步擷取模組10回傳的頻率,經計算頻率差後得知系統分裂並判斷系統分裂的邊界;此時,位在二異頻電力系統邊界的併聯變電所(或供電區處)可透過網路裝置40連網至該中央監控站20的網頁伺服器23,以顯示該即時顯示暨使用介面30,並於該操作區31上選擇其所在電力系統之監測站a1、a2,由該中央監控站20取得此二監測站a1、a2的同步擷取模組10所回傳的即時電力數
據,並以具有相同時間戳記的電力數據進行電力數據差的計算,再於各該併聯變電所之即時顯示暨使用介面30的即時同步併聯顯示區32上顯示電力數據差;因此,併聯變電所(或供電區處)的現場操作人員只要開啟即時顯示暨使用介面30,選擇另一電力系統的監測點a2,該即時顯示暨使用介面30上即可顯示與另一電力系統間的相角差、頻率差、電壓差等。由於本實施例係將相角差以指針表形式呈現,於相角表321中顯示三相相角,可供現場操作人員直接判斷絕對相序是否一致,且同相的相角是否接近,再配合相角差表322判斷相角差是否接近12點鐘方向的中間位置(即相角差為0度),接著再確認電壓差及頻率差是否落入可合聯的範圍內,例如電壓差在5%,頻率儘量相同為佳;若前述條件滿足後,現場操作人員即可判斷為合適的合聯或併聯的時間點,並以手動操作合聯或併聯作業,將斷路器投入;反之,若前述條件不滿足,二處變電所的出力要調整,此時二處變電所的現場操作人員可透過觀看即時顯示暨使用介面30,正確地調整出力,例如若相角差表322的指針若順時針快速轉動,代表目前出力的頻率大於另一變電所(參考端)出力的頻率,而必須調整出力使其頻率降低,直到相角差表322的指針不再轉動,而當相角接近時,則該指針也會接近0度;在完成合聯或併聯作業後,可再透過該功率因數表323的指針位置,了解合聯或併聯是否成功,即該指針是接近中間位置刻度1,若是即代表操作成功;因此,現場操作人員更容易對出力進行調整,快速達到合適的合聯或併聯條件。
It can be seen from the above description that when a normal power system splits into two power systems in any two areas for some reason, the frequencies of the two power systems must be different; therefore, the
綜上所述,本發明廣域同步儀系統的設置,可方便讓位在不同地區的變電所或供電區處直接以網路裝置上網取得與中央監控站相同的電力數據,且中央監控站進一步針對合聯或併聯用的電力數據進一步進行計算,於各變電所或供電區處的網路裝置上顯示一顯示暨使用介面,由各地區的變電所或供 電區處透過顯示暨使用介面獲得合聯或併聯用的電力數據差及電力數據,使調度人員與現場操作人員進行系統合聯操作時的依據,有效縮短系統併聯時間、增加系統併聯成功率、降低用戶停電時間,使系統快速恢復正常運轉,確保電力系統供電可靠度。 In summary, the setting of the wide-area synchroniser system of the present invention can conveniently make way for substations or power supply areas in different regions to directly use the network device to access the Internet to obtain the same power data as the central monitoring station, and the central monitoring station Further calculate the power data for combination or parallel connection, and display a display and user interface on the network device at each substation or power supply area, and the substation or power supply in each region Through the display and user interface, the power district obtains the power data difference and power data for combination or parallel connection, so that dispatchers and on-site operators can use the basis for system combination operations, effectively shorten the system parallel connection time, increase the success rate of system parallel connection, Reduce the power outage time of users, enable the system to quickly resume normal operation, and ensure the reliability of power supply of the power system.
以上所述僅是本發明的實施例而已,並非對本發明做任何形式上的限制,雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然而並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明技術方案的範圍內,當可利用上述揭示的技術內容作出些許更動或修飾為等同變化的等效實施例,但凡是未脫離本發明技術方案的內容,依據本發明的技術實質對以上實施例所作的任何簡單修改、等同變化與修飾,均仍屬於本發明技術方案的範圍內。 The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with the embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field, Within the scope of not departing from the technical solution of the present invention, when the technical content disclosed above can be used to make some changes or be modified into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but all the content that does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the present invention Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
10:同步擷取模組 10: Synchronous capture module
11:相量量測單元 11: Phasor measurement unit
12:全球定位系統接收器 12: GPS receiver
20:中央監控站 20: Central monitoring station
21:即時分析模組 21: Real-time analysis module
22:資料儲存中心 22: Data Storage Center
23:網頁伺服器 23:Web server
30:即時顯示暨使用介面 30: Real-time display and user interface
40:網路裝置 40:Network device
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CN101777785A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2010-07-14 | 胡继业 | Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) electricity separating system and electricity separating method based on dynamic environment monitoring |
TW201633658A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-09-16 | 格倫肯頓 格羅森達爾 | Electrical power transmission network |
US11031781B1 (en) * | 2020-05-04 | 2021-06-08 | 8Me Nova, Llc | Method for implementing power delivery transaction for potential electrical output of integrated renewable energy source and energy storage system facility |
CN112947386A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-11 | 北京莱格牧机电有限责任公司 | Remote distributed frequency converter fault diagnosis system |
TWM621957U (en) * | 2021-10-01 | 2022-01-01 | 台灣電力股份有限公司 | Wide-area synchronizer of power system |
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CN101777785A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2010-07-14 | 胡继业 | Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) electricity separating system and electricity separating method based on dynamic environment monitoring |
TW201633658A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-09-16 | 格倫肯頓 格羅森達爾 | Electrical power transmission network |
US11031781B1 (en) * | 2020-05-04 | 2021-06-08 | 8Me Nova, Llc | Method for implementing power delivery transaction for potential electrical output of integrated renewable energy source and energy storage system facility |
CN112947386A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-11 | 北京莱格牧机电有限责任公司 | Remote distributed frequency converter fault diagnosis system |
TWM621957U (en) * | 2021-10-01 | 2022-01-01 | 台灣電力股份有限公司 | Wide-area synchronizer of power system |
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