TWI782539B - Intelligent processing method and system - Google Patents
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本發明係關於一種自動化加工流程之優化,特別是一種智慧化加工之方法與系統。 The present invention relates to the optimization of an automated processing flow, in particular to a method and system for intelligent processing.
生產製程從加工、檢測、校正加工機台等過程乃是環環相扣,任一步驟失誤終將導致產品良率不足、產能下降等問題。而上述生產製程過去常會被切割成不同專責部門進行,在人工溝通或配合上亦容易浪費許多時間成本。例如:透過自動光學檢測產品時,儘管可以取代人工執行普檢,但發現瑕疵產品時,仍需要人工再進行複檢,以量測以及辨識瑕疵,並再將瑕疵資料交予生產單位,生產單位再校正生產機台的參數。而上述流程不但不連貫且曠日廢時,且大多數的情況是無法藉由一次性校正機台之參數,立刻獲得理想的良率,實際上是需要多次的校正。 The production process is closely linked from processing, testing, and calibration of processing machines. Any mistake in any step will eventually lead to problems such as insufficient product yield and reduced production capacity. In the past, the above-mentioned production process was often divided into different specialized departments, and it was easy to waste a lot of time and cost in manual communication or cooperation. For example: Although automatic optical inspection of products can replace manual general inspection, when defective products are found, manual re-inspection is still required to measure and identify defects, and then submit defect data to the production unit. Then correct the parameters of the production machine. The above-mentioned process is not only incoherent and time-consuming, but also in most cases, it is impossible to obtain the ideal yield immediately by calibrating the parameters of the machine once, and actually requires multiple calibrations.
隨著技術的不斷發展,「工業4.0」一詞在2011年已被提出,主要精神為智慧化在自動化之生產流程,並可以主動排除生產時的問題。 With the continuous development of technology, the term "Industry 4.0" was proposed in 2011. The main spirit is to automate the production process intelligently and actively eliminate production problems.
因此,為解決上述的問題,所屬領域應開發符合「工業4.0」精神的加工方法與系統,以提升生產製程之效率,並不斷提升產品的良率。 Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the field should develop processing methods and systems in line with the spirit of "Industry 4.0" to improve the efficiency of the production process and continuously improve the yield of products.
為解決上述問題,本發明之實施例發展出一種智慧化加工之方法與系統,上述系統整合產品溯源、光學儀器初檢、基於人工智慧複檢、虛擬量測、自動優化參數等技術。本發明申請人參考過去所申請之專利案,包括:TW109132726、TW109124011、TW110107077、TW109212512以及TW109136592,作為本發明技術之參考。 In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention develops a method and system for intelligent processing. The above system integrates technologies such as product traceability, optical instrument initial inspection, artificial intelligence-based re-inspection, virtual measurement, and automatic parameter optimization. The applicant of the present invention refers to the patents filed in the past, including: TW109132726, TW109124011, TW110107077, TW109212512 and TW109136592, as a reference for the technology of the present invention.
具體而言,本發明之實施例提供一種智慧化加工系統,上述智慧化加工系統應用於至少一個加工裝置,上述加工裝置根據加工參數對待加工物進行加工,並產生被加工物。上述智慧化加工系統包括至少一個標示裝置、粗判裝置、精判裝置、加工資訊獲取裝置以及量測/參數校正裝置。 Specifically, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent processing system, the above-mentioned intelligent processing system is applied to at least one processing device, and the above-mentioned processing device processes the object to be processed according to the processing parameters and generates the object to be processed. The above-mentioned intelligent processing system includes at least one marking device, a rough judgment device, a fine judgment device, a processing information acquisition device, and a measurement/parameter correction device.
依據又一實施例,上述標示裝置,於上述被加工物上標示加工資訊,其中上述加工資訊包括至少一個上述加工參數。上述標示裝置之加工資訊之記錄方式包括文字、數字、符號以及圖碼,其中上述圖碼包括一維條碼以及二維條碼。上述標示裝置之加工資訊更包括製造批次、產品型號以及製造日期。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned marking device marks processing information on the above-mentioned workpiece, wherein the above-mentioned processing information includes at least one of the above-mentioned processing parameters. The recording methods of the processing information of the above-mentioned marking device include characters, numbers, symbols and image codes, wherein the above-mentioned image codes include one-dimensional barcodes and two-dimensional barcodes. The processing information of the above-mentioned marking device further includes the manufacturing batch, product model and manufacturing date.
依據又一實施例,上述粗判裝置,係為初檢上述被加工物是否具有至少一個瑕疵處,並產生至少一個被加工物影像,其中上述粗判裝置係為自動視覺檢測裝置。上述自動視覺檢測裝置的初檢方法包括輪廓比對、位置座標比對、3D輪廓比對、色澤比對以及亮度比對。上述自動視覺檢測裝置組成包括至少一個取像單元、至少一個測距單元、計算單元以及資料庫。上述測距單元,用以產生擷取該被加工物之一取像距離資訊。上述資料庫,係為儲存複數個標準尺寸資訊,每一個上述標準尺寸資訊分別包括單位面積之解析 度、取像距離、對應之畫素矩陣以及對應的實際尺寸與膜厚高度。上述計算單元根據上述被加工物影像之解析度資訊以及上述取像距離資訊,比對上述資料庫中之上述標準尺寸資訊,計算產生具有實際尺寸資訊之上述被加工物影像。上述資料庫中之上述標準尺寸資訊例如可為二維尺寸或三維尺寸,並進一步由上述計算單元計算出具有二維尺寸或三維尺寸之上述實際尺寸。上述被加工物影像可為2D或3D。 According to yet another embodiment, the rough judging device is for initially checking whether the processed object has at least one defect and generating at least one image of the processed object, wherein the rough judging device is an automatic visual inspection device. The preliminary inspection method of the automatic visual inspection device includes contour comparison, position coordinate comparison, 3D contour comparison, color luster comparison and brightness comparison. The above-mentioned automatic visual detection device comprises at least one imaging unit, at least one distance measuring unit, a computing unit and a database. The above distance measuring unit is used to generate image capturing distance information for capturing the processed object. The above-mentioned database is for storing multiple standard size information, and each of the above-mentioned standard size information includes the analysis of the unit area degree, imaging distance, corresponding pixel matrix and corresponding actual size and film thickness. The calculation unit compares the standard size information in the database according to the resolution information of the processed object image and the imaging distance information, and calculates and generates the processed object image with actual size information. The above-mentioned standard size information in the above-mentioned database can be, for example, a two-dimensional size or a three-dimensional size, and the above-mentioned actual size with a two-dimensional size or a three-dimensional size is further calculated by the above-mentioned calculation unit. The image of the workpiece can be 2D or 3D.
依據又一實施例,上述精判裝置,訊號連接上述粗判裝置,係為複檢上述被加工物影像是否具有至少一個瑕疵處,並辨識上述被加工物影像中所含的瑕疵類型,並產生辨識結果。上述精判裝置更包括分類模組,上述分類模組係為應用人工神經網路執行辨識上述瑕疵類型。上述分類模組之訓練資料包括上述辨識結果以及人工複判結果。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned fine judging device is connected to the above-mentioned rough judging device for re-checking whether the image of the processed object has at least one defect, and identifying the type of defect contained in the image of the processed object, and generating Identification results. The fine-judgment device further includes a classification module, and the classification module uses artificial neural networks to identify the types of defects. The training data of the above-mentioned classification module includes the above-mentioned recognition results and manual re-judgment results.
依據又一實施例,上述加工資訊獲取裝置,訊號連接上述精判裝置,係為辨識上述被加工物影像之上述加工資訊,並產生上述加工參數。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned processing information acquisition device is connected to the above-mentioned precise judging device for identifying the above-mentioned processing information of the above-mentioned processed object image, and generating the above-mentioned processing parameters.
依據又一實施例,上述量測/參數校正裝置,訊號連接上述精判裝置,係為量測上述被加工物影像之瑕疵處,並產生瑕疵尺寸,再根據上述瑕疵尺寸以及上述加工參數,計算上述加工參數之最佳結果,進而產生校正加工參數,並傳輸上述校正加工參數至上述加工裝置。上述量測/參數校正裝置更包括參數優化模組,上述參數優化模組係為應用演算法計算上述加工參數之最佳結果。上述瑕疵尺寸例如可為二維尺寸或三維尺寸。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned measurement/parameter correction device is connected to the above-mentioned fine-judgment device for measuring the defect of the image of the processed object, and generates the size of the defect, and then calculates according to the size of the defect and the above-mentioned processing parameters. The optimal result of the above-mentioned processing parameters, and then generate the corrected processing parameters, and transmit the above-mentioned corrected processing parameters to the above-mentioned processing device. The above-mentioned measurement/parameter correction device further includes a parameter optimization module, and the above-mentioned parameter optimization module is to apply an algorithm to calculate the best result of the above-mentioned processing parameters. The above-mentioned flaw size may be, for example, a two-dimensional size or a three-dimensional size.
依據又一實施例,上述量測/參數校正裝置,係當上述被加工物具有設計圖,可進一步將上述設計圖與上述被加工物影像疊合,產生一疊合影像,以作為量測該瑕疵尺寸之依據。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned measurement/parameter correction device, when the above-mentioned processed object has a design drawing, can further superimpose the above-mentioned design drawing and the above-mentioned processed object image to generate a superimposed image as a measure of the The basis for the size of the defect.
依據又一實施例,上述量測/參數校正裝置更包括提供事先設定上述設計圖中至少一處監測量測區域,並再對上述疊合影像之上述監測量測區域進行量測,並產生監測尺寸資訊。而上述監測量測區域在影像處理上可視為一種感興趣區域或重點區域(Region of interest;簡稱ROI)。 According to yet another embodiment, the above measurement/parameter correction device further includes providing at least one monitoring measurement area in the above design drawing in advance, and then measuring the above monitoring measurement area of the above superimposed image, and generating monitoring Size information. The above-mentioned monitoring measurement area can be regarded as a region of interest or a key region (Region of interest; ROI for short) in terms of image processing.
依據又一實施例,上述量測/參數校正裝置,可進一步將上述監測尺寸資訊經統計產生監測統計資訊,且上述監測統計資訊將作為計算上述加工參數之計算資料。上述監測尺寸資訊例如可為二維尺寸或三維尺寸的資訊。 According to yet another embodiment, the above measurement/parameter correction device can further generate monitoring statistical information through statistics of the above monitoring size information, and the above monitoring statistical information will be used as calculation data for calculating the above processing parameters. The above-mentioned monitoring size information can be, for example, two-dimensional or three-dimensional information.
依據又一實施例,根據上述加工參數進行加工時,可透過上述精判裝置所發現的瑕疵處的數量,進一步計算出上述加工參數所對應之生產良率。 According to yet another embodiment, when processing according to the above-mentioned processing parameters, the production yield corresponding to the above-mentioned processing parameters can be further calculated through the number of defects found by the above-mentioned precise judging device.
依據又一實施例,上述生產良率的合格標準可依使用者需求調整,若上述加工參數所產生的良率已符合上述合格標準,上述加工參數可進一步作為執行虛擬量測(Virtual Metrology;簡稱VM)之參考參數。上述虛擬量測係指透過加工參數推估生產的結果(或品質),以達到全檢的目的。 According to yet another embodiment, the qualification standard of the above-mentioned production yield rate can be adjusted according to the needs of users. If the yield rate generated by the above-mentioned processing parameters meets the above-mentioned standard, the above-mentioned processing parameters can be further used as the implementation of virtual metrology (Virtual Metrology; referred to as VM) reference parameters. The above-mentioned virtual measurement refers to estimating the production result (or quality) through processing parameters to achieve the purpose of full inspection.
依據又一實施例,上述量測/參數校正裝置,係當上述瑕疵尺寸超出預設的閾值時,上述量測/參數校正裝置將停止自動校正上述加工參數,並產生警示通知。 According to yet another embodiment, the measurement/parameter correction device stops automatically correcting the processing parameters and generates a warning notification when the defect size exceeds a preset threshold.
依據又一實施例,上述該精判裝置接收到上述警示通知,將不會將上述警示通知所對應之辨識結果作為訓練上述分類模組之上述訓練資料。 According to yet another embodiment, upon receiving the warning notification, the above-mentioned fine judgment device will not use the identification result corresponding to the warning notification as the training data for training the classification module.
依據又一實施例,上述警示通知,可透過簡訊或郵件,即時通知系統管理人員。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned warning notification can be notified to the system management personnel in real time through text messages or emails.
本發明之實施例更提供一種智慧化加工方法,包括以下步驟。於加工裝置預設加工參數;對待加工物進行加工,並產生被加工物;於上述被加工物上標示加工資訊,上述加工資訊包括上述加工參數;以粗判裝置對上述被加工物進行初檢,並擷取至少一個被加工物影像以及取像距離資訊,其中該粗判裝置係可為自動視覺檢測裝置;再透過上述粗判裝置所載之多個標準尺寸資訊,比對上述取像距離資訊,產生上述被加工物影像之實際尺寸資訊;以精判裝置進行複檢,並應用分類模組辨識上述被加工物影像中所含的瑕疵類型,並產生辨識結果,其中上述分類模組係應用人工神經網路執行上述辨識瑕疵類型;將上述被加工物的設計圖與上述被加工物影像疊合,產生疊合影像,再對上述疊合影像執行量測瑕疵處,並產生瑕疵尺寸;辨識上述加工資訊,產生上述加工參數;以量測/參數校正裝置透過參數優化模組,根據上述瑕疵尺寸與上述加工參數,計算該加工參數之最佳結果,並產生校正加工參數,並傳輸至上述加工裝置,其中上述參數優化模組係應用人工神經網路執行加工參數最佳化。 Embodiments of the present invention further provide an intelligent processing method, including the following steps. Preset the processing parameters in the processing device; process the object to be processed and produce the processed object; mark the processing information on the above-mentioned processed object, the above-mentioned processing information includes the above-mentioned processing parameters; perform a preliminary inspection on the above-mentioned processed object with the rough judgment device , and capture at least one processed object image and imaging distance information, wherein the rough judging device can be an automatic visual inspection device; and then compare the above-mentioned imaging distance with a plurality of standard size information contained in the rough judging device Information, to generate the actual size information of the image of the processed object; re-inspect with the precise judgment device, and use the classification module to identify the type of defects contained in the image of the processed object, and generate the identification result, wherein the classification module is Applying the artificial neural network to perform the above-mentioned identification of defect types; superimposing the above-mentioned design drawing of the processed object with the above-mentioned image of the processed object to generate a superimposed image, and then performing measurement of the defect on the above-mentioned superimposed image to generate the size of the defect; Identify the above-mentioned processing information and generate the above-mentioned processing parameters; use the measurement/parameter correction device through the parameter optimization module to calculate the best result of the processing parameters based on the above-mentioned defect size and the above-mentioned processing parameters, and generate corrected processing parameters, and transmit them to The above processing device, wherein the above parameter optimization module uses an artificial neural network to optimize processing parameters.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法更包括品質監測之步驟,係事先透過上述量測/參數校正裝置中設定上述被加工物的設計圖中至少一處監測量測區域,並再對上述疊合影像之上述監測量測區域進行量測,並產生監測尺寸資訊。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned method further includes the step of quality monitoring, which is to set at least one monitoring measurement area in the design drawing of the above-mentioned processed object in the above-mentioned measurement/parameter correction device in advance, and then perform the above-mentioned overlapping The above-mentioned monitoring measurement area of the image is measured, and the monitoring size information is generated.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法上述量測/參數校正裝置,可進一步將上述監測尺寸資訊經統計產生監測統計資訊,且上述監測統計資訊將作為計算上述加工參數之計算資料。 According to yet another embodiment, according to the above-mentioned measurement/parameter calibration device, the above-mentioned monitoring size information can be further calculated to generate monitoring statistical information, and the above-mentioned monitoring statistical information will be used as calculation data for calculating the above-mentioned processing parameters.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法並可依上述加工參數進行加工時,透過上述精判裝置所發現的瑕疵處的數量,進一步計算出上述加工參數所對應之生產良率。 According to yet another embodiment, when processing according to the above-mentioned method and the above-mentioned processing parameters, the production yield corresponding to the above-mentioned processing parameters is further calculated through the number of defects found by the above-mentioned precise judging device.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法上述生產良率的合格標準可依使用者需求調整,若上述加工參數所產生的良率已符合上述合格標準,上述加工參數可進一步作為執行虛擬量測(Virtual Metrology;簡稱VM)之參考參數。上述虛擬量測係指透過加工參數推估生產的結果(或品質),以達到全檢的目的。 According to yet another embodiment, according to the above-mentioned method, the qualification standard of the above-mentioned production yield rate can be adjusted according to the needs of users. If the yield rate produced by the above-mentioned processing parameters meets the above-mentioned standard, the above-mentioned processing parameters can be further used as a virtual measurement (Virtual Measurement) Metrology; referred to as VM) reference parameters. The above-mentioned virtual measurement refers to estimating the production result (or quality) through processing parameters to achieve the purpose of full inspection.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法之上述分類模組之訓練資料包括上述辨識結果以及人工複判結果。 According to yet another embodiment, the training data of the above-mentioned classification module according to the above-mentioned method includes the above-mentioned recognition results and manual re-judgment results.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法之上述瑕疵尺寸超出閾值時,上述量測/參數校正裝置將停止自動校正該加工參數,並產生警示通知。 According to yet another embodiment, when the size of the defect according to the above method exceeds a threshold, the measurement/parameter correction device will stop automatically correcting the processing parameters and generate a warning notification.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法之上述精判裝置接收到上述警示通知,將不會將上述警示通知所對應之辨識結果作為訓練上述分類模組之上述訓練資料。 According to yet another embodiment, upon receiving the warning notification, the fine judgment device according to the above method will not use the identification result corresponding to the warning notification as the training data for training the classification module.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法之上述粗判裝置的初步檢測方法包括3D輪廓比對、位置座標比對、色澤比對以及亮度比對。 According to yet another embodiment, the preliminary detection method of the rough judgment device according to the above method includes 3D contour comparison, position coordinate comparison, color luster comparison and brightness comparison.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法之上述多個標準尺寸資訊分別包括單位面積之解析度、取像距離、對應之畫素矩陣以及對應的實際尺寸與膜厚高度。 According to yet another embodiment, the plurality of standard size information according to the above method respectively include resolution per unit area, imaging distance, corresponding pixel matrix, and corresponding actual size and film thickness.
依據又一實施例,根據上述方法之上述加工資訊之記錄方式包括文字、數字、符號以及圖碼,其中上述圖碼包括一維條碼以及二維條碼。 According to yet another embodiment, the recording methods of the processing information according to the above method include characters, numbers, symbols and image codes, wherein the image codes include one-dimensional barcodes and two-dimensional barcodes.
綜合上述實施例之技術特徵,因此可具體主張以下功效。 Based on the technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments, the following effects can be specifically claimed.
(1)本系統應用在加工製程上,達到智慧化與全自動化的功效,並可同時串連數個加工站點的加工設備,以自動執行各站點之加工設備之被加工物的初判與複判檢測。 (1) This system is applied in the processing process to achieve the effect of intelligence and full automation. It can also connect the processing equipment of several processing stations in series at the same time, so as to automatically perform the initial judgment of the processed objects of the processing equipment of each station. and re-judgment detection.
(2)透過本系統加工的產品,均可藉由產品上的加工資訊,即時溯源各站點加工參數,可快速釐清造成產品良率不足的來自於哪些站點。 (2) For products processed through this system, the processing information on the product can be used to trace the processing parameters of each site in real time, which can quickly clarify which sites cause the insufficient yield rate of the product.
(3)本系統根據上述初判與複判檢測結果,並透過人工神經網路,可自動分類瑕疵種類以及對該瑕疵執行量測,並獲得瑕疵尺寸的資訊。 (3) The system can automatically classify the type of defect and perform measurement on the defect based on the above-mentioned preliminary judgment and re-judgment detection results, and through the artificial neural network, and obtain information on the size of the defect.
(4)本系統在收集上述加工參數與瑕疵尺寸後,可進一步透過演算法計算上述加工參數之最佳結果,並產生校正加工參數,再將該校正加工參數回傳至上述加工設備,達到即時優化加工參數之功效。 (4) After collecting the above-mentioned processing parameters and defect sizes, the system can further calculate the optimal result of the above-mentioned processing parameters through an algorithm, and generate corrected processing parameters, and then send the corrected processing parameters back to the above-mentioned processing equipment to achieve real-time The effect of optimizing processing parameters.
100:智慧化加工系統 100: Intelligent processing system
110:加工裝置 110: Processing device
120:標示裝置 120: Marking device
130:粗判裝置 130: Rough judgment device
140:精判裝置 140: Precise Judgment Device
142:分類模組 142: Classification module
160:加工資訊獲取裝置 160: Processing information acquisition device
180:量測/參數校正裝置 180: Measurement/parameter correction device
182:參數優化模組 182:Parameter optimization module
200:待加工物 200: Items to be processed
220:被加工物 220: processed object
300-322:步驟 300-322: Steps
402-416:步驟 402-416: Steps
為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例能更明顯易懂,所附附圖之說明如下: In order to make the above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, the accompanying drawings are described as follows:
圖1所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統之裝置示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a device schematic diagram of an intelligent processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統應用於多個加工設備之裝置示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent processing system applied to multiple processing equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖3所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統之流程圖。 FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an intelligent processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統之品質監測流程圖。 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of quality monitoring of an intelligent processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
為更具體說明本發明之各實施例,以下輔以附圖進行說明。 In order to describe various embodiments of the present invention in more detail, the following description is supplemented with accompanying drawings.
請參閱圖1,圖1所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統之裝置示意圖。在圖1中,依據一實施例,提供一種智慧化加工系統100。上述智慧化加工系統100應用於至少一個加工裝置110,上述加工裝置110根據加工參數對待加工物200進行加工,並產生被加工物220,上述系統100包括:標示裝置120、粗判裝置130、精判裝置140、加工資訊獲取裝置160以及量測/參數校正裝置180。上述智慧化加工系統100中的每個元件都可以是透過軟體加上硬體來實現,或者透過純硬體來實現,且本發明不以此為限制。
Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a device schematic diagram of an intelligent processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1 , an
上述標示裝置120,於上述被加工物220上標示加工資訊,其中上述加工資訊包括至少一個上述加工參數。上述標示裝置120之加工資訊之記錄方式包括文字、數字、符號以及圖碼,其中上述圖碼包括一維條碼以及二維條碼。上述標示裝置120之加工資訊更包括製造批次、產品型號以及製造日期。例如:於印刷電路板成品或半成品上印製二維圖碼,並可提供日後透過掃描或辨識該二維圖碼,即可產生歷史加工參數紀錄。
The marking
上述粗判裝置130,係為初檢上述被加工物220是否具有至少一個瑕疵處,並產生至少一個被加工物影像,其中上述粗判裝置係為自動視覺檢測裝置。上述自動視覺檢測裝置的初檢方法包括3D輪廓比對、位置座標比對、色澤比對以及亮度比對。本系統之粗判裝置130於初判標準通常較嚴謹,以
避免忽略真正具有瑕疵的產品,但常會有誤判的情形發生,例如印刷電路板中某處出現細微灰塵,即判定為瑕疵,如此雖可確保產品之良率,相對容易判別出假瑕疵。在過去將僅能再透過人工複判的方式排除上述的假瑕疵,而在本發明則可透過上述精判裝置140進行瑕疵的複判與瑕疵分類,可大幅減少假瑕疵以及需人工複判的數量。
The rough judging device 130 is for initially checking whether the processed
根據本發明之另一實施例,上述自動視覺檢測裝置組成包括至少一個取像單元、至少一個測距單元、計算單元以及資料庫。上述測距單元,用以產生擷取該被加工物之一取像距離資訊。上述資料庫,係為儲存複數個標準尺寸資訊,每一個上述標準尺寸資訊分別包括單位面積之解析度、取像距離、對應之畫素矩陣以及對應的實際尺寸與膜厚高度。上述計算單元根據上述被加工物220的影像之解析度資訊以及上述取像距離資訊,比對上述資料庫中之上述標準尺寸資訊,計算產生具有實際尺寸資訊之上述被加工物影像。上述粗判裝置130例如可為配合影像辨識設備之計算機設備(具備CPU以及GPU)。
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned automatic visual inspection device comprises at least one image capturing unit, at least one distance measuring unit, a computing unit and a database. The above distance measuring unit is used to generate image capturing distance information for capturing the processed object. The above-mentioned database is for storing a plurality of standard size information, and each of the above-mentioned standard size information includes the resolution per unit area, the imaging distance, the corresponding pixel matrix, and the corresponding actual size and film thickness. The calculation unit compares the standard size information in the database according to the resolution information of the image of the processed
上述精判裝置140,訊號連接上述粗判裝置130,係為複檢上述被加工物影像是否具有至少一個瑕疵處,並辨識上述被加工物影像中所含的瑕疵類型,並產生辨識結果。上述精判裝置更包括分類模組142,上述分類模組142係為應用人工神經網路執行辨識上述瑕疵類型。上述分類模組142之訓練資料包括上述辨識結果以及人工複判結果。上述分類模組142所應用之人工神經網路包括卷積神經網路模型(Convolutional Neural Network;簡稱CNN)。上述CNN模型更可選自包括R-CNN(Region-based Convolutional Neural Network)、Fast R-CNN、Faster R-CNN、RPN(Region Proposal Network)以及Mask R-CNN、FCN(Fully Convolutional Network)之一種進行瑕疵辨識與分類。另外,精判裝置140
除了可使用卷積神經網路模型來實現之外,其他對影像中部件分類的精密演算法也可以拿來用於實現精判裝置140,且本發明不以精判裝置140的實現方式為限制。上述精判裝置140可有效降低假瑕疵的數量以及需人工複判的數量,是否需要人工複判可藉由上述量測/參數校正裝置180預設之閾值判定。上述假瑕疵以印刷電路板為例可包括:板邊假點、細微板屑、灰塵以及待測子板與母板相異。上述精判裝置140例如可為具有運算能力之計算機(具備CPU)。
The fine judging device 140 is connected to the rough judging device 130 for rechecking whether the image of the processed object has at least one defect, identifying the type of defect contained in the image of the processed object, and generating a recognition result. The fine judging device further includes a classification module 142. The classification module 142 uses an artificial neural network to identify the type of the defect. The training data of the above-mentioned classification module 142 includes the above-mentioned recognition results and manual re-judgment results. The artificial neural network applied by the classification module 142 includes a convolutional neural network model (Convolutional Neural Network; CNN for short). The above-mentioned CNN model can be selected from one of R-CNN (Region-based Convolutional Neural Network), Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, RPN (Region Proposal Network) and Mask R-CNN, FCN (Fully Convolutional Network) Identify and classify defects. In addition, the precise judging device 140
In addition to using the convolutional neural network model, other sophisticated algorithms for classifying components in images can also be used to implement the fine judgment device 140, and the present invention is not limited to the implementation of the fine judgment device 140 . The precise judgment device 140 can effectively reduce the number of false defects and the number of manual re-judgment. Whether manual re-judgment is required can be judged by the preset threshold value of the measurement/
上述加工資訊獲取裝置160,訊號連接上述精判裝置140,係為辨識上述被加工物影像之上述加工資訊,並產生上述加工參數。其辨識的方法可為文字辨識、圖碼辨識以及RFID等感應標籤。上述加工資訊獲取裝置160例如可為配合影像辨識設備之計算機設備(具備CPU以及GPU)。
The above-mentioned processing
上述量測/參數校正裝置180,訊號連接上述精判裝置140,係為量測上述被加工物影像之瑕疵處,並產生瑕疵尺寸,再根據上述瑕疵尺寸以及上述加工參數,計算上述加工參數之最佳結果,進而產生校正加工參數,並傳輸上述校正加工參數至上述加工裝置110。上述量測/參數校正裝置180更包括參數優化模組182,上述參數優化模組182係為應用演算法計算上述加工參數之最佳結果。上述參數優化模組182所應用之演算法可應用任何可計算或歸納上述加工參數之最佳結果的演算法,該演算法例如可為:梯度下降法、牛頓法、共軛梯度法、線性搜尋、置信域方法、神經網路、微粒群演算法、類比退火、支持向量機、蟻群演算法、差分進化演算法、K-近鄰演算法(K-nearest neighbor)。上述量測/參數校正裝置180例如可為具有運算能力之計算機(具備CPU)。
The measurement/
根據本發明之另一實施例,上述量測/參數校正裝置180,當上述被加工物220具有設計圖,可進一步將上述設計圖與上述被加工物220的影像疊合,係可作為量測上述瑕疵尺寸之依據。
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the measurement/
根據本發明之另一實施例,上述量測/參數校正裝置180更具有執行品質監測之流程,係事先透過上述量測/參數校正裝置中設定上述被加工物的設計圖中至少一處監測量測區域,並再對上述疊合影像之上述監測量測區域進行量測,並產生監測尺寸資訊。其中上述品質監測之流程可為普檢或抽檢的方式執行。其中以印刷電路板檢測為例,上述監測量測區域可針對印刷電路板特定的焊接位置進行框選。
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned measurement/
根據本發明之另一實施例,上述監測尺寸資訊可再透過上述量測/參數校正裝置180,經統計產生監測統計資訊。且上述監測統計資訊將作為計算上述加工參數之計算的資料。
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned monitoring size information can be passed through the above-mentioned measurement/
根據本發明之另一實施例,上述瑕疵尺寸超出一閾值時,上述量測/參數校正裝置180將停止自動校正上述加工參數,並產生警示通知。
According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the size of the defect exceeds a threshold, the measurement/
依據又一實施例,其中上述精判裝置140接收到上述警示通知,將不會將上述警示通知所對應之辨識結果作為訓練上述分類模組之上述訓練資料。 According to yet another embodiment, the fine judgment device 140 will not use the recognition result corresponding to the warning notification as the training data for training the classification module upon receiving the warning notification.
依據又一實施例,上述警示通知,可透過簡訊或郵件,即時通知系統管理人員,並提醒上述系統管理人員,上述警示通知所對應之辨識結果將需要人工複判。例如:發現印刷電路板上露鎳的面積大於1.0cm2,如根據此瑕疵尺寸調整上述加工參數幅度可能會調整過多,將嚴重影響後續加 工流程。因此不以此筆超過閾值之瑕疵尺寸作為調整上述加工參數與上述訓練資料之資料來源。 According to yet another embodiment, the above-mentioned warning notification can immediately notify the system management personnel through text messages or emails, and remind the above-mentioned system management personnel that the identification result corresponding to the above-mentioned warning notification will need manual re-judgment. For example, if it is found that the exposed nickel area on the printed circuit board is greater than 1.0cm 2 , if the above-mentioned processing parameters are adjusted according to the defect size, it may be adjusted too much, which will seriously affect the subsequent processing flow. Therefore, the defect size exceeding the threshold is not used as a data source for adjusting the above-mentioned processing parameters and the above-mentioned training data.
依據又一實施例,本發明可應用在各階段的加工製程中,並請參閱圖2,圖2所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統應用於多個加工設備之裝置示意圖。 According to yet another embodiment, the present invention can be applied in various stages of the processing process, and please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a device for applying an intelligent processing system to multiple processing equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram.
根據本發明的實施方式,請參閱圖3,圖3所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統之流程圖。 According to the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a flowchart of an intelligent processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
在圖3中,步驟300為開始加工。
In FIG. 3,
在步驟302中,設定加工裝置110之加工參數。
In
在步驟304中,加工裝置110執行加工作業,並產生被加工物220。
In
在步驟306中,於被加工物220標示加工資訊。上述加工資訊之記錄方式包括文字、數字、符號以及圖碼,其中該圖碼包括一維條碼以及二維條碼。
In
在步驟308中,被加工物220透過粗判裝置130進行初判,如判別被加工物220具有至少一個瑕疵處,則擷取上述被加工物220之影像,產生至少一個被加工物影像。粗判裝置130可進一步計算上述被加工物影像之實際尺寸資訊,上述計算方法如前文所述,在此不再贅述。
In
在步驟310中,經粗判裝置130進行初判判定上述被加工物220至少具有一個瑕疵處,並判定為瑕疵物,則繼續步驟312。若粗判裝置130初判無發現瑕疵處,則跳至步驟322。
In
在步驟312中,上述被加工物影像透過精判裝置140進行複判,並辨識瑕疵類型。
In
在步驟314中,經精判裝置140進行複判判定上述被加工物影像確實具有至少一個瑕疵後,並進一步辨識該瑕疵的類型,上述辨識瑕疵的方法如前文所述,在此不再贅述。若精判裝置140複判判定上述被加工物影像無瑕疵,則跳至步驟322,表示上述粗判裝置130之判定之上述瑕疵處為假瑕疵。
In
在步驟316a中,透過量測/參數校正裝置180進行瑕疵處的量測,並產生瑕疵尺寸,上述量測的方法如前文所述,在此不再贅述。
In
在步驟316b中,透過加工資訊獲取裝置160,辨識上述加工資訊,並產生上述加工參數,上述辨識加工資訊的方法如前文所述,在此不再贅述。
In
在步驟318中,透過量測/參數校正裝置180之演算法根據上述瑕疵尺寸以及上述加工參數,計算校正上述加工參數之最佳結果,產生校正加工參數,並傳輸上述校正加工參數至上述加工裝置。
In
在步驟320中,加工設備110根據上述校正加工參數,調整原加工參數,並跳回步驟304繼續進行加工。
In
在步驟322中,係在粗判裝置130之初判或精判裝置140之精判均無發現被加工品上220,至少具有一個瑕疵處,故持續加工。
In
根據本發明另一實施方式,請參閱圖4,圖4所繪為根據本發明之一實施例之一種智慧化加工系統之品質監測流程圖。 According to another embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a flow chart of quality monitoring of an intelligent processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
本發明圖3之實施例的流程可配合圖4之實施例的品質監測流程以增加計算上述校正加工參數的準確性,其中圖3與圖4實施例之流程可同步或分別執行。 The process of the embodiment in FIG. 3 of the present invention can cooperate with the quality monitoring process in the embodiment of FIG. 4 to increase the accuracy of calculating the above-mentioned corrected processing parameters, wherein the processes in the embodiments of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can be executed simultaneously or separately.
在步驟402中,事先於量測/參數校正裝置180中設定(或框選)被加工物220的設計圖中欲監測的量測區域。
In
在步驟404中,透過粗判裝置130擷取被加工物220之影像。
In
在步驟406中,將被加工物220的設計圖與加工後的影像疊合,產生疊合影像。
In
在步驟408中,於上述疊合影像上量測事先設定的監測量測區域之尺寸。
In
在步驟410中,根據量測結果產生監測尺寸資訊,並進一步計算監測統計資訊。
In
在步驟412中,上述監測統計資訊可作為上述量測/參數校正裝置180計算校正加工參數之計算的資料。
In
根據本發明另一實施方式,在步驟414中,透過上述步驟402-412所調整的加工參數,可同時對應上述步驟300-314所發現瑕疵物的數量,進一步計算上述加工參數所對應之生產良率。並可檢視上述生產良率是否符合使用者訂定合格標準(例如良率需達到95.0%)
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in
在步驟416中,可將上述加工參數進一步透過虛擬量測(Virtual Metrology;簡稱VM)以增加上述生產良率。例如:透過虛擬量測計算,在製作印刷電路板時於基板佈建金屬銅層流程中,將硫酸銅浴電鍍之時間下調0.5秒,可使電路產生短路的發生機率降低1%。因此,透過虛擬量測調整生產參數,可再進一步增加生產良率。透過上述虛擬量測可不需再透過上述步驟402-412,對監測量測區域進行量測,取而代之的是由虛擬量測計算產品的良率,以達到全檢的目的。
In
綜合上述,本發明之實施例一種智慧化加工的方法與系統,具有即時處理產線之加工以及檢測。並進一步以自動化執行溯源、瑕疵判定以及校正加工設備。 To sum up the above, the embodiment of the present invention is a method and system of intelligent processing, which has the processing and detection of real-time processing production line. And further implement traceability, defect determination and calibration of processing equipment with automation.
本發明在本文中僅以較佳實施例揭露,然任何熟習本技術領域者應能理解的是,上述實施例僅用於描述本發明,並非用以限定本發明所主張之專利權利範圍。舉凡與上述實施例均等或等效之變化或置換,皆應解讀為涵蓋於本發明之精神或範疇內。因此,本發明之保護範圍應以下述之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 The present invention is only disclosed in preferred embodiments herein, but anyone skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only used to describe the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of patent rights claimed by the present invention. All changes or substitutions that are equal or equivalent to the above-mentioned embodiments should be interpreted as falling within the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the following patent application.
100:智慧化加工系統 100: Intelligent processing system
110:加工裝置 110: Processing device
120:標示裝置 120: Marking device
130:粗判裝置 130: Rough judgment device
140:精判裝置 140: Precise Judgment Device
142:分類模組 142: Classification module
160:加工資訊獲取裝置 160: Processing information acquisition device
180:量測/參數校正裝置 180: Measurement/parameter correction device
182:參數優化模組 182:Parameter optimization module
200:待加工物 200: Items to be processed
220:被加工物 220: processed object
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