TWI782313B - Motor vehicle circuit protection device and motor vehicle circuit device including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A motor vehicle circuit protection device is configured to be electrically connected with a power end and a load end, the motor vehicle circuit protection device is provided, including: a voltage pre-stabilizing unit, defining a maximum voltage value; a trickle discharge unit, electrically connected with the voltage pre-stabilizing unit, the trickle discharge unit is adapted for passing in and absorbing the current released by the power end. A motor vehicle circuit device includes the motor vehicle circuit protection device, further including the power end and the load end.

Description

Motor vehicle circuit protection device and motor vehicle circuit device including the motor vehicle circuit protection device

The invention relates to a motor vehicle circuit protection device and a motor vehicle circuit device including the motor vehicle circuit protection device.

The circuit switch or battery of the vehicle often leaks current due to problems such as false touch, short circuit, or excessive moisture in the environment, which will cause micro-flickering of the headlights or micro-driving of the motor. The conventional way to improve the leakage current is related to the circuit switch or the parallel connection of multiple resistors in the battery to suppress the leakage current. However, when the multiple resistors are connected in parallel, the higher the voltage, the higher the current will generate a lot of heat and cause the whole body to become hot. Furthermore, the parallel connection of the multiple resistors has disadvantages such as high cost and large size.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel and progressive motor vehicle circuit protection device and a motor vehicle circuit device including the motor vehicle circuit protection device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a motor vehicle circuit protection device and a motor vehicle circuit device including the motor vehicle circuit protection device, which achieves the effect of preventing leakage and has the advantages of small circuit space, large adjustable range, etc., and can stabilize Voltage reduces heat generation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a motor vehicle circuit protection device, which is connected to a power supply terminal and a load terminal. The motor vehicle circuit protection device includes: a pre-stabilizing unit, which sets a maximum voltage value; A trickle discharge unit, which is electrically connected to the pre-stabilization unit, and the trickle discharge unit is used to feed a trickle current released by the power supply terminal and absorb the trickle current; wherein, the pre-stabilization unit A maximum voltage of the trickle discharge unit is limited to the maximum voltage value; wherein, the trickle discharge unit and the pre-regulator unit are respectively grounded.

To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a motor vehicle circuit device, which includes the aforementioned motor vehicle circuit protection device, the motor vehicle circuit protection device further includes the power supply terminal and a load unit, and the load unit includes the load terminal and the Motor vehicle circuit protection device, the motor vehicle circuit protection device is electrically connected between the power supply terminal and the load terminal.

1: Motor vehicle circuit protection device

2: Power terminal

3: Load side

10:Pre-stabilizer unit

20: Trickle discharge unit

30: load unit

31: lamp body

D1: Zener diode

R1: the first resistor

R2: Second resistor

Q1: Transistor

DGND: ground voltage

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simple circuit structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The following examples illustrate possible implementations of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, which shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the motor vehicle circuit protection device 1 of the present invention, its power supply is connected to a power supply terminal 2 and a load terminal 3, the motor vehicle circuit protection device 1 includes a pre-regulator unit 10 and a trickle discharge unit 20.

The pre-regulator unit 10 sets a maximum voltage value, which can be configured according to requirements (such as changing the specification of the pre-regulator unit); the trickle discharge unit 20 is electrically connected to the pre-regulator unit 10 , the trickle discharge unit 20 supplies a trickle current released by the power supply terminal 2 and absorbs (consumes) the trickle current (such as an abnormal leakage current); wherein, the pre-regulator unit 10 limits the trickle current A maximum voltage of the discharge unit 20 is the maximum voltage value, so regardless of the size of the external power supply (such as the power supply terminal 2), under the voltage-limited power supply of the pre-stabilizing unit 10, the trickle discharge unit 20 can also be stable at In limiting the current consumption, for example, if the maximum voltage is 5V, the power supply terminal 2 provides 3V (volts) to provide 3V current, and the power supply terminal 2 provides 12V, the voltage will be limited to 5V to provide 5V current. In this way, the effect of leakage prevention is achieved, and the circuit space is small, and the adjustable range is large, and the voltage can be stabilized to reduce heat generation.

The trickle discharge unit 20 includes a transistor Q1, and the transistor Q1 is a bipolar transistor (BJT) or a metal oxide half-field-effect transistor (MOSFET); preferably, the transistor Q1 is a bipolar transistor (BJT). ), the voltage and current levels are accurate. The pre-regulator unit 10 includes a Zener diode D1 or a voltage regulator; other embodiments may also include a power switch or any reference voltage level generating circuit. Preferably, the pre-regulator unit 10 includes the Zener diode D1, and one end of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply terminal 2 and the base of the transistor Q1 for power supply. The other end of the nanodiode D1 is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the power supply terminal 2 and the emitter of the transistor Q1, which is cheap and can limit the trickle discharge unit 20 to the highest voltage value.

The pre-regulator unit 10 further includes a first resistor R1, the first resistor R1 is connected in series with the Zener diode D1, and the base of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the first resistor R1 and the Zener diode. of polar body D1 Between; the first resistor R1 is electrically connected between the collector of the transistor Q1 and the base of the transistor Q1. Specifically, a positive pole of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected between the power supply terminal 2 and the load terminal 3, and a negative pole of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected to the first resistor R1 and the first resistor R1. Between the bases of the transistor Q1 ; thus, the first resistor R1 can be used to provide a voltage divider and allow the trickle discharge unit 20 to be continuously turned on to be in a trickle state. The resistance value of the pre-stabilizing unit 10 can be changed according to the requirement, so the resistance value and the voltage value of the present invention can be adjusted according to the requirement, so as to stabilize the voltage resistance configuration and stabilize the current absorption.

The trickle discharge unit 20 further includes a second resistor R2, the second resistor R2 is connected in series with the transistor Q1, one end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the Zener diode D1 and the power supply is connected to the load terminal 3 The other end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1; wherein, the second resistor R2 can absorb the trickle current, and the pre-regulator unit 10 limits the second resistor The highest voltage across the voltage of R2 is less than the highest voltage value, the transistor Q1 can absorb part or all of the trickle current, and the second resistor R2 can also absorb the trickle current, wherein the absorbed current is to consume the trickle current, It can prevent trickle current (such as leakage current) from flowing to the load terminal 3 .

The trickle discharge unit 20 and the pre-regulator unit 10 are respectively grounded; in this embodiment, a ground voltage DGND is electrically connected between the second resistor R2 and the Zener diode D1, in detail , the transistor Q1 and the Zener diode D1 are electrically connected to the ground voltage DGND to balance the potential between the trickle discharge unit 20 and the pre-regulator unit 10 .

The present invention further provides a motor vehicle circuit, which includes the aforementioned motor vehicle circuit protection device 1, the motor vehicle circuit further includes the power supply terminal 2 and a load unit 30, the load unit 30 is such as a car lamp device or a power drive device ( motor), etc., the load unit 30 includes the load terminal 3 and the motor vehicle circuit protection device 1, the power supply terminal 2 is arranged outside the load unit 30, and the motor vehicle circuit protection device 1 is connected in series with the power supply terminal 2 and the load terminal 3. In this embodiment, the load unit 30 further includes at least one lamp body 31, The at least one lamp body 31 is electrically connected to one of the pre-regulator unit 10 and the trickle discharge unit 20, and the lamp body 31 is electrically connected to the pre-regulator unit 10; in other embodiments, the load The unit includes two lamp bodies, one of which is a far lamp, and the other is a near lamp, which is electrically connected to one of the pre-stabilizing unit and the trickle discharge unit, or two lamp bodies All are near lights or all are far lights; therefore, they are small in size, simple in structure and can be integrated into the load unit.

The load terminal 3 can be, for example, a driving circuit board of a car lamp, a driving circuit board of a motor, or a control circuit of other power sources. If the power supply terminal 2 is a vehicle electric system, it may include a power supply battery, a power switch, etc., and the power switch is used to switch the circuit between the power supply terminal 2 and the load terminal 3 on or off.

In use, when the trickle discharge unit 20 detects a current (such as low current consumed at low voltage), it will start to act to absorb and consume the trickle current released from the power supply terminal 2, and use the pre-stabilized The voltage unit 10 is configured as a stable voltage and resistance, and the current direction is from the positive pole to the negative pole, so as to fix the maximum voltage value and allow the trickle discharge unit 20 to continuously absorb and consume the current at a fixed voltage. In this way, the trickle discharge unit 20 can place a load within a fixed voltage range to absorb abnormal leakage current (trickle current) on the circuit.

In summary, the motor vehicle circuit protection device of the present invention uses the pre-stabilizing unit to enable the trickle discharge unit to place a load within a fixed voltage value range to absorb the abnormal leakage current on the circuit and achieve leakage prevention. Effect and has the advantages of small circuit space, reduced heat generation, and large adjustable range to avoid false triggering. The motor vehicle circuit protection device of the present invention has the functions of water resistance and protection against leakage current.

1: Motor vehicle circuit protection device

2: Power terminal

3: Load side

10:Pre-regulator unit

20: Trickle discharge unit

30: load unit

31: lamp body

Claims (9)

A motor vehicle circuit protection device, which is connected to a power supply terminal and a load terminal for power supply, comprising: a pre-voltage stabilizing unit, which sets a maximum voltage value; and a trickle discharge unit, electrically connected to the pre-voltage stabilizing unit , the trickle discharge unit feeds a trickle current released by the power supply terminal and absorbs the trickle current; wherein, the pre-stabilizing unit limits a maximum voltage of the trickle discharge unit to the maximum voltage value; Wherein, the trickle discharge unit and the pre-regulator unit are respectively grounded. The motor vehicle circuit protection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-regulator unit includes a Zener diode or a voltage regulator. The motor vehicle circuit protection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trickle discharge unit includes a transistor, and the transistor is a bipolar transistor (BJT) or a metal oxide half field effect transistor (MOSFET). The motor vehicle circuit protection device as described in claim 3, wherein the pre-stabilizing unit includes a Zener diode, and one end of the Zener diode is connected to the positive pole of the power supply terminal and the transistor The other end of the Zener diode is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply terminal and the emitter of the transistor for power supply. The motor vehicle circuit protection device as described in claim 4, wherein the pre-stabilizing unit further includes a first resistor, the first resistor is connected in series with the Zener diode, and the base of the transistor is electrically connected to the between the first resistor and the Zener diode. The motor vehicle circuit protection device as described in Claim 5, wherein the trickle discharge unit further includes a second resistor, the second resistor is connected in series with the transistor, and one end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the The Zener diode and the negative pole of the load end are electrically connected, and the other end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the emitter of the transistor; wherein, the second resistor can absorb the trickle current, and the front The voltage stabilizing unit limits the maximum voltage across the second resistor to be less than the maximum voltage value. The motor vehicle circuit protection device as described in claim 6, wherein the transistor is a bipolar transistor (BJT); a ground voltage is connected in series between the trickle discharge unit and the pre-regulator unit; the ground voltage is electrically Connected between the second resistor and the Zener diode; a positive pole of the Zener diode is electrically connected between the power supply terminal and the load terminal, and a negative pole of the Zener diode is electrically connected Connected to the first resistor and the base of the transistor. A motor vehicle circuit device, which includes the motor vehicle circuit protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the motor vehicle circuit further includes the power supply terminal and a load unit, and the load unit includes the load terminal and the Motor vehicle circuit protection device, the motor vehicle circuit protection device is electrically connected between the power supply terminal and the load terminal. The motor vehicle circuit device according to claim 8, wherein the load unit further includes at least one lamp body, and the at least one lamp body is electrically connected to one of the pre-regulator unit and the trickle discharge unit.

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