TWI780848B - Memory and cognitive assessment methods, computer programs and computer-readable media for the elderly - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明涉及一種高齡者之記憶與認知評估方法:一處理器在一矩陣方格中,提供複數成對之符號,並將該矩陣方格顯示於一顯示幕。一高齡者根據該顯示幕顯示之矩陣方格,記憶上述成對之符號於該矩陣方格之位置,之後上述成對之符號被翻轉覆蓋。該高齡者配對式地於該矩陣方格翻開成對之符號,並由該處理器記憶完成之時間或/及錯誤次數。該處理器將該高齡者完成之時間或/及錯誤次數與一資料庫中儲存之相同年齡層者完成之平均時間或/及平均錯誤次數進行比對,並根據比對之差值給予一記憶與認知能力評估值。本發明亦是一種電腦程式及電腦可讀取媒體,係安裝於電腦後可執行上述方法。 The present invention relates to a memory and cognition evaluation method for elderly people: a processor provides plural pairs of symbols in a matrix grid, and displays the matrix grid on a display screen. An elderly person memorizes the positions of the above-mentioned paired symbols in the matrix grid according to the matrix grid displayed on the display screen, and then the above-mentioned paired symbols are overlaid and covered. The elderly person turns over the paired symbols in the matrix grid in a paired manner, and the processor memorizes the completion time or/and the number of errors. The processor compares the completion time or/and the number of mistakes of the elderly person with the average completion time or/and the average number of mistakes of the same age group stored in a database, and gives a memory according to the difference and cognitive ability assessments. The present invention is also a computer program and a computer-readable medium, which can execute the above method after being installed in a computer.
Description
本發明係有關於一種高齡者之記憶與認知評估方法、電腦程式及電腦可讀取媒體,特別是指透過符號配對之電腦遊戲,將待測高齡者配對完成遊戲之時間/錯誤次數與同年齡層者完成之平均時間/平均錯誤次數進行比對,以評估待測高齡者之記憶與認知的發明。 The present invention relates to a memory and cognition evaluation method, computer program and computer-readable medium for the elderly, especially refers to a computer game through symbol matching, which compares the time/number of errors for the elderly to be tested to match the game with the same age Comparing the average completion time/average number of mistakes of the seniors to evaluate the invention of the memory and cognition of the elderly people to be tested.
台灣近年來逐漸邁入高齡化社會,老年人口增加,失智症的人口快速上升。失智症的症狀並非同時一起發生,而是在生活中一點一點慢慢地出現,初期若非特別留意,很容易被誤認為一般老化而延誤就醫。目前台灣醫療院所多透過8-10題的「AD-8早期失智症篩檢量表」或是SPMSQ問卷等紙筆測驗,以準確篩選出早期失智症的病人。 In recent years, Taiwan has gradually entered into an aging society, the elderly population has increased, and the population with dementia has risen rapidly. Symptoms of dementia do not occur at the same time, but gradually appear in daily life. If you do not pay special attention in the early stage, it is easy to be mistaken for general aging and delay seeking medical treatment. At present, medical institutions in Taiwan mostly use paper-and-pencil tests such as the "AD-8 Early Dementia Screening Scale" with 8-10 questions or the SPMSQ questionnaire to accurately screen patients with early dementia.
一直以來測量工具的方式就是紙筆測驗,透過家人或醫護人員的引導,讓受測者進行回答,此種方式具有快速、簡便的優點,可是卻也隱含幾種可能的缺點,包括:1.需要人員帶領完成,若受測者多,分布在不同的地理位置,則受測時間與場域勢必難以配合,所需付出的成本也相對增加;2.當下進行計錄,但缺乏長時間追蹤;3.無法累積足夠的資料,進行大數據分析;4.同一套題目,可能引發回答疲倦的問題等。 The method of measuring tools has always been the paper-and-pencil test. Through the guidance of family members or medical staff, the subjects are asked to answer. This method has the advantages of being fast and simple, but it also has several possible disadvantages, including: 1. .Need to be led by personnel. If there are many testees distributed in different geographical locations, it will be difficult to match the test time and field, and the cost will be relatively increased; 2. Recording is performed now, but there is no long-term Tracking; 3. Unable to accumulate enough data for big data analysis; 4. The same set of questions may lead to tired questions.
其中「AD-8早期失智症篩檢量表」中,第五題是有關記憶與認知的部分,而記憶與認知是影響失智症患者生活一個重要的因素,且有時光依靠患者自身的感覺不易在量表中呈現最真實的情況。 Among them, in the "AD-8 Early Dementia Screening Scale", the fifth question is about memory and cognition, and memory and cognition are an important factor affecting the life of dementia patients, and sometimes it depends on the patient's own It feels difficult to present the most realistic situation on the scale.
爰此,本發明提出一種高齡者之記憶與認知評估方法,包括:一處理器在一矩陣方格中,提供複數成對之符號,並將該矩陣方格顯示於一顯示幕。一高齡者根據該顯示幕顯示之矩陣方格,記憶上述成對之符號於該矩陣方格之位置,之後上述成對之符號被翻轉覆蓋。該高齡者配對式地於該矩陣方格翻開成對之符號,並由該處理器記憶完成之時間或/及錯誤次數。該處理器將該高齡者完成之時間或/及錯誤次數與一資料庫中儲存之相同年齡層者完成之平均時間或/及平均錯誤次數進行比對,並根據比對之差值給予一記憶與認知能力評估值。 Therefore, the present invention proposes a memory and cognition evaluation method for the elderly, including: a processor provides complex pairs of symbols in a matrix grid, and displays the matrix grid on a display screen. An elderly person memorizes the positions of the above-mentioned paired symbols in the matrix grid according to the matrix grid displayed on the display screen, and then the above-mentioned paired symbols are overlaid and covered. The elderly person turns over the paired symbols in the matrix grid in a paired manner, and the processor memorizes the completion time or/and the number of errors. The processor compares the completion time or/and the number of mistakes of the elderly person with the average completion time or/and the average number of mistakes of the same age group stored in a database, and gives a memory according to the difference and cognitive ability assessments.
進一步,上述符號包括圖形、文字、顏色、聲音之一或組合。 Further, the above symbols include one or a combination of graphics, text, color, and sound.
進一步,係逐步增加上述符號配對之難度。更進一步,上述逐步增加符號配對之難度的方式係增加上述矩陣方格之行列。 Further, it is to gradually increase the difficulty of the above-mentioned symbol pairing. Further, the above-mentioned way of gradually increasing the difficulty of symbol pairing is to increase the rows and columns of the above-mentioned matrix grid.
進一步,該高齡者於不同日期進行上述矩陣方格之符號配對,該處理器紀錄不同日期之記憶與認知能力評估值,藉以觀察該高齡者之記憶與認知能力的變化。更進一步,可將上述記憶與認知能力的變化作為AD-8早期失智症篩檢量表中有關記憶與認知選項的填答依據。 Furthermore, the elderly person performs the symbol matching of the above-mentioned matrix squares on different days, and the processor records the evaluation values of memory and cognitive ability on different days, so as to observe the changes of the memory and cognitive ability of the elderly person. Furthermore, the above-mentioned changes in memory and cognition can be used as the basis for filling in the memory and cognition options in the AD-8 Early Dementia Screening Scale.
本發明再提出一種電腦程式,用於安裝在一電腦,以執行前述高齡者之記憶與認知評估方法。 The present invention further proposes a computer program for installing in a computer to implement the aforementioned memory and cognition evaluation method for the elderly.
本發明再提出一種電腦可讀取媒體,係儲存有上述電腦程式。 The present invention further proposes a computer-readable medium storing the above-mentioned computer program.
透過上述技術特徵可達成以下功效: The following effects can be achieved through the above technical features:
1.透過數據化的記憶與認知能力評估值來評估待測高齡者的記憶與認知能力,比習知由高齡者依據自身感受來評估,正確性更高。 1. Evaluating the memory and cognitive abilities of the elderly to be tested through data-based memory and cognitive evaluation values is more accurate than the conventional evaluation by the elderly based on their own feelings.
2.處理器紀錄待測高齡者不同日期之記憶與認知能力評估值,可藉以長期觀察該高齡者之記憶與認知能力的變化。 2. The processor records the memory and cognitive ability evaluation values of the elderly person to be tested on different days, so as to observe the changes of the memory and cognitive ability of the elderly person for a long time.
3.透過符號配對之遊戲方式,除了提高待測高齡者的受測意願,亦可同時提供腦部訓練,減緩記憶與認知能力的退化。 3. Through the game method of symbol matching, in addition to improving the willingness of the elderly to be tested, it can also provide brain training at the same time, slowing down the degradation of memory and cognitive ability.
1:矩陣方格 1: matrix grid
2:符號 2: Symbol
3:顯示幕 3: display screen
[第一圖]係為本發明實施例之方法的流程圖。 [The first figure] is a flow chart of the method of the embodiment of the present invention.
[第二圖]係為本發明實施例中,以2*2的矩陣方格進行符號配對的示意圖。 [The second figure] is a schematic diagram of symbol pairing in a 2*2 matrix grid in an embodiment of the present invention.
[第三圖]係為本發明實施例中,矩陣方格被翻開之符號不成對而配對錯誤的示意圖。 [The third figure] is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention, the symbols in which the matrix squares are opened are not paired and are paired incorrectly.
[第四圖]係為本發明實施例中,矩陣方格被翻開之符號成對而配對成功的示意圖。 [Figure 4] is a schematic diagram of successful pairing of symbols in which the matrix grid is turned over in the embodiment of the present invention.
[第五圖]係為本發明實施例中,增加符號配對之難度而以3*3的矩陣方格進行符號配對的示意圖。 [FIG.5] is a schematic diagram of symbol pairing in a 3*3 matrix grid to increase the difficulty of symbol pairing in the embodiment of the present invention.
[第六圖]係為本發明實施例中,增加符號配對之難度而以4*4的矩陣方格進行符號配對的示意圖。 [Figure 6] is a schematic diagram of symbol pairing in a 4*4 matrix grid to increase the difficulty of symbol pairing in the embodiment of the present invention.
綜合上述技術特徵,本發明之高齡者之記憶與認知評估方法、電腦程式及電腦可讀取媒體的主要功效將可於下述實施例清楚呈現。 Based on the above technical features, the main functions of the memory and cognition assessment method for the elderly, the computer program and the computer readable medium of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following embodiments.
參閱第一圖及第二圖所示,由一處理器在一矩陣方格1(圖中以2*2的矩陣方格為例)中,提供複數成對之符號2,並將該矩陣方格1顯示於一顯示幕3,而上述符號2可包括圖形、文字、顏色、聲音之一或組合,本實施例將上述符號2以類似撲克牌之不同顏色的梅花、方塊等圖形為例。
Referring to the first figure and the second figure, a processor provides a complex paired
參閱第一圖、第三圖及第四圖所示,一高齡者根據該顯示幕3顯示之矩陣方格1,記憶上述成對之符號2於該矩陣方格1之位置,之後上述成對之符號2被翻轉覆蓋。該高齡者再配對式地於該矩陣方格1翻開成對之符號2,當被翻開之符號2不成對而配對錯誤時,該處理器控制不成對之上述符號2再次被翻轉覆蓋,直到所有成對之符號2皆被正確翻開,此時該處理器會記憶完成之時間或/及錯誤次數。進一步該處理器會將該高齡者完成之時間或/及錯誤次數與一資料庫中預先儲存之相同年齡層者完成之平均時間或/及平均錯誤次數進行比對,並根據比對之差值給予一記憶與認知能力評估值。上述記憶與認知能力評估值之取得例如是以相同年齡層者完成之平均時間或/及平均錯誤次數為基準而給予滿分10分的分數,並由專業人員(例如醫師)制定例如每延後5分鐘完成或者錯誤次數每超過平均錯誤次數3次則扣除1分,專業人員並賦予不同分數值所代表之記憶與認知能力,藉此即可根據分數值得知待測高齡者的記憶與認知能力。可將上述記憶與認知能力的變化作為AD-8早期失智症篩檢量表中有關記憶與認知選項的填答依據,而透過此數據化的記憶與認知能力評估值來評估待測高齡者的記憶與認知能力,比習知由高齡者依據自身感受來填答,正確性更高。
Referring to the first, third and fourth pictures, an elderly person memorizes the position of the above-mentioned paired
該高齡者可於不同日期(例如每周或每月)進行上述矩陣方格1之符號2配對,該處理器紀錄不同日期之記憶與認知能力評估值,可藉以觀察該高齡者之記憶與認知能力的變化。
The elderly person can perform the pairing of
參閱第五圖及第六圖所示,當該高齡者完成2*2矩陣方格1的符號2配對後,可逐步增加上述符號2配對之難度,例如逐步增加上述矩陣方格1之行列,將2*2矩陣方格1擴增為3*3的矩陣方格1,而當該高齡者完成3*3矩陣方格1的符號2配對後,再進一步擴增為4*4的矩陣方格。藉此不僅可評估該高齡者的記憶與認知,且透過上述符號2配對之遊戲方式,可提高待測高齡者的受測意願,亦可同時提供腦部訓練,減緩記憶與認知能力的退化。
Referring to the fifth and sixth pictures, after the elderly person completes the pairing of the
上述高齡者之記憶與認知評估方法係由安裝在電腦(處理器)上的電腦程式控制,且上述電腦程式並可儲存在一電腦可讀取媒體中。 The memory and cognition assessment method for the elderly is controlled by a computer program installed on a computer (processor), and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable medium.
綜合上述實施例之說明,當可充分瞭解本發明之操作、使用及本發明產生之功效,惟以上所述實施例僅係為本發明之較佳實施例,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆屬本發明涵蓋之範圍內。 Based on the description of the above-mentioned embodiments, it is possible to fully understand the operation of the present invention, use and the effect that the present invention produces, but the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the implementation of the present invention. The scope, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the description of the invention, all fall within the scope of the present invention.
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