TWI776576B - Display device - Google Patents

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TWI776576B
TWI776576B TW110124468A TW110124468A TWI776576B TW I776576 B TWI776576 B TW I776576B TW 110124468 A TW110124468 A TW 110124468A TW 110124468 A TW110124468 A TW 110124468A TW I776576 B TWI776576 B TW I776576B
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liquid crystal
crystal layer
display device
layer
encapsulated particles
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TW110124468A
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TW202303235A (en
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李明駿
林怡伶
吳宇軒
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友達光電股份有限公司
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Priority to CN202111647917.7A priority patent/CN114217484B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133541—Circular polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1391—Bistable or multi-stable liquid crystal cells

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

A display device including a substrate, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, a circular polarization plate, a liquid crystal layer, an electrode layer and a light absorption layer is provided. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of reflective units. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of encapsulation particles, and these encapsulation particles contain liquid crystal molecules therein. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the circular polarization plate. The electrode layer includes a plurality of common electrodes and pixel electrodes. The electrode layer is disposed on the liquid crystal layer to drive the liquid crystal molecules in these encapsulation particles. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the light absorption layer. An average particle size of these encapsulation particles is within the range from 10 nm to 400 nm.

Description

顯示裝置 display device

本發明是有關於一種顯示裝置。 The present invention relates to a display device.

在目前高節能的時代及趨勢中，體積輕薄且省電的顯示裝置成為目前顯示器領域的發展重點之一，而雙穩態液晶顯示裝置更是受到矚目。其中，膽固醇液晶顯示裝置(Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display,ChLCD)因具有低功耗、不需背光模組以及無藍光傷眼等優點，且能在移除電場的情況下，持續維持亮態與暗態兩種不同的狀態，因此成為雙穩態顯示器的發展重點。 In the current era and trend of high energy saving, a thin, light and power-saving display device has become one of the development priorities in the current display field, and a bistable liquid crystal display device has attracted more attention. Among them, Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display (ChLCD) has the advantages of low power consumption, no backlight module, no blue light damage to eyes, etc., and can continue to maintain bright and dark states when the electric field is removed Two different states, so it has become the focus of the development of bistable displays.

膽固醇液晶是一種具有布拉格反射及雙穩態之特性的液晶分子，其可反射波長與其螺距相當且旋光性相同的入射光，在電場的驅動下可切換至反射態(planar state)或穿透態(focal-conic state)這兩種穩態。膽固醇液晶在反射態時會反射特定波長之光線，因此對應的畫素會呈現亮態；在穿透態時會使光線穿透而被設置於其後之吸光層吸收，因此對應的畫素會呈現暗態。 Cholesteric liquid crystal is a liquid crystal molecule with Bragg reflection and bistable properties. It can reflect incident light with a wavelength equivalent to its helical pitch and with the same optical rotation, and can be switched to a reflective state (planar state) or a transmissive state under the driving of an electric field. (focal-conic state) these two steady states. In the reflective state, the cholesteric liquid crystal will reflect light of a specific wavelength, so the corresponding pixel will appear in a bright state; in the transmissive state, the light will penetrate and be absorbed by the light-absorbing layer arranged behind it, so the corresponding pixel will be in a bright state. Appears dark.

然而，膽固醇液晶的反應時間較長。當膽固醇液晶要從穿透態轉換為反射態時，必須提供一臨界電壓來驅動膽固醇液 晶，臨界電壓通常是大於40伏特，且需要特殊波形的電壓。切換到穿透態時，亦需要較高的電壓。此外，膽固醇液晶的電壓維持率較低，無法搭配主動式元件。因此，亟需提供一種顯示裝置，來解決習知技術所存在的問題。 However, the reaction time of cholesteric liquid crystal is relatively long. When the cholesteric liquid crystal is to be converted from the transmissive state to the reflective state, a threshold voltage must be provided to drive the cholesteric liquid crystal Crystal, the threshold voltage is usually greater than 40 volts, and requires a special waveform voltage. A higher voltage is also required when switching to the penetration state. In addition, the voltage retention rate of cholesteric liquid crystal is low, and cannot be used with active devices. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a display device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

本發明提供一種顯示裝置，具備良好的顯示品質。 The present invention provides a display device with good display quality.

根據本發明一實施例，提供一種顯示裝置，包括基板、膽固醇液晶層、圓偏光片、液晶層、電極層以及吸光層。膽固醇液晶層包括多個反射單元，這些反射單元排列於基板上。圓偏光片設置於膽固醇液晶層上。液晶層包括多個囊封粒子，這些囊封粒子中容置有液晶分子，且液晶層設置於膽固醇液晶層以及圓偏光片之間。電極層包括多個共電極及多個像素電極，且電極層設置於液晶層上，以驅動這些囊封粒子中的液晶分子。膽固醇液晶層設置於液晶層以及吸光層之間。這些囊封粒子的平均粒徑落在10nm至400nm之間的範圍內。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a display device is provided, which includes a substrate, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, a circular polarizer, a liquid crystal layer, an electrode layer, and a light absorption layer. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of reflective units arranged on the substrate. The circular polarizer is arranged on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of encapsulated particles, and liquid crystal molecules are accommodated in the encapsulated particles, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the circular polarizer. The electrode layer includes a plurality of common electrodes and a plurality of pixel electrodes, and the electrode layer is disposed on the liquid crystal layer to drive the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the light absorption layer. The average particle size of these encapsulated particles falls within the range between 10 nm and 400 nm.

根據本發明一實施例，這些囊封粒子的平均粒徑落在150nm至250nm之間的範圍內，且這些囊封粒子的聚合物分散性指數小於1.2。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the average particle size of the encapsulated particles falls within a range of 150 nm to 250 nm, and the polymer dispersibility index of the encapsulated particles is less than 1.2.

根據本發明一實施例，當液晶層沒有被施加驅動電壓，這些囊封粒子中的液晶分子的排列方向一致。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, when no driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles are consistent.

根據本發明一實施例，吸光層設置於基板以及膽固醇液 晶層之間。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the light absorption layer is disposed on the substrate and the cholesterol solution between the crystal layers.

根據本發明一實施例，基板設置於吸光層以及膽固醇液晶層之間。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the substrate is disposed between the light absorption layer and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.

根據本發明一實施例，不同的反射單元中的膽固醇液晶的螺距不同。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the helical pitches of the cholesteric liquid crystals in different reflection units are different.

根據本發明一實施例，電極層設置於圓偏光片以及液晶層之間。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electrode layer is disposed between the circular polarizer and the liquid crystal layer.

根據本發明一實施例，液晶層設置於圓偏光片以及電極層之間。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the circular polarizer and the electrode layer.

根據本發明一實施例，顯示裝置更包括阻隔層，設置於膽固醇液晶層以及液晶層之間。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes a blocking layer disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the liquid crystal layer.

根據本發明一實施例，這些囊封粒子中的液晶分子的介電係數落在10F/m至30F/m的範圍內。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles falls within the range of 10F/m to 30F/m.

根據本發明一實施例，這些囊封粒子中的液晶分子的雙折射率差值落在0.23至0.32的範圍內。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the birefringence difference of the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles falls within the range of 0.23 to 0.32.

根據本發明一實施例，液晶層係藉由高壓均質乳化或SPG膜乳化製程製造。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer is fabricated by a high pressure homogeneous emulsification or SPG film emulsification process.

根據本發明一實施例，液晶層更包括完全鹼化聚乙烯醇。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer further includes fully alkalized polyvinyl alcohol.

根據本發明一實施例，這些囊封粒子的粒子壁包括部分鹼化聚乙烯醇。 According to an embodiment of the invention, the particle walls of the encapsulated particles comprise partially alkalized polyvinyl alcohol.

基於上述，本發明實施例提供的顯示裝置具備液晶層。藉由對液晶層施加電壓，取代習知技藝中對膽固醇液晶層施加驅 動電壓的方式，避免了各種習知技術所存在的問題。此外，本發明實施例提供的顯示裝置優化囊封粒子的平均粒徑大小，大幅提升顯示裝置的顯示品質。 Based on the above, the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a liquid crystal layer. By applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer, instead of applying a drive to the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the prior art The method of dynamic voltage avoids the problems existing in various conventional technologies. In addition, the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention optimizes the average particle size of the encapsulated particles, thereby greatly improving the display quality of the display device.

為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。 In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following embodiments are given and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows.

100、200、300、400:顯示裝置 100, 200, 300, 400: Display device

101:基板 101: Substrate

102:膽固醇液晶層 102: Cholesterol liquid crystal layer

102R、102G、102B:反射單元 102R, 102G, 102B: Reflective unit

103、303:圓偏光片 103, 303: circular polarizer

104:液晶層 104: Liquid crystal layer

104B:囊封粒子 104B: Encapsulated Particles

104C、204C、404C:共電極 104C, 204C, 404C: common electrode

104E、204E、404E:電極層 104E, 204E, 404E: electrode layer

104P、204P、404P:像素電極 104P, 204P, 404P: pixel electrode

104S:支撐部 104S: Support part

105:吸光層 105: light absorbing layer

106、206、406:基板 106, 206, 406: Substrate

207、407:阻隔層 207, 407: Barrier layer

LC:液晶分子 LC: Liquid Crystal Molecule

圖1A及圖1B分別繪示根據本發明第一實施例的顯示裝置在亮態及暗態的橫截面示意圖。 1A and FIG. 1B are schematic cross-sectional views of a display device in a bright state and a dark state, respectively, according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

圖2繪示根據本發明第一實施例的顯示裝置的囊封粒子示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the encapsulated particles of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

圖3繪示根據本發明第二實施例的顯示裝置的橫截面示意圖。 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

圖4A及圖4B分別繪示根據本發明第三實施例的顯示裝置在暗態及亮態的橫截面示意圖。 4A and 4B are schematic cross-sectional views of a display device in a dark state and a bright state, respectively, according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

圖5繪示根據本發明第四實施例的顯示裝置的橫截面示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

參照圖1A，其繪示根據本發明第一實施例的顯示裝置在亮態的橫截面示意圖。顯示裝置100包括基板101、膽固醇液晶層 102、圓偏光片103、液晶層104、電極層104E、基板106以及吸光層105。膽固醇液晶層102包括反射單元102R、102G、102B，這些反射單元排列於基板101上，且具有相同旋性。圓偏光片103設置於膽固醇液晶層102上。液晶層104包括多個囊封粒子104B以及支撐部104S，這些囊封粒子104B中容置有液晶分子LC，且液晶層104設置於膽固醇液晶層102以及圓偏光片103之間。電極層104E包括多個共電極104C及多個像素電極104P，且電極層104E設置於液晶層104上，以驅動這些囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC。膽固醇液晶層102設置於液晶層104以及吸光層105之間。吸光層105設置於基板101以及膽固醇液晶層102之間。這些囊封粒子104B的平均粒徑落在10nm至400nm之間的範圍內。 Referring to FIG. 1A , it is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device in a bright state according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The display device 100 includes a substrate 101 and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 , a circular polarizer 103 , a liquid crystal layer 104 , an electrode layer 104E, a substrate 106 and a light absorption layer 105 . The cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 includes reflective units 102R, 102G, and 102B, which are arranged on the substrate 101 and have the same rotation. The circular polarizer 103 is disposed on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 . The liquid crystal layer 104 includes a plurality of encapsulated particles 104B and a support portion 104S. The encapsulated particles 104B accommodate liquid crystal molecules LC, and the liquid crystal layer 104 is disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 and the circular polarizer 103 . The electrode layer 104E includes a plurality of common electrodes 104C and a plurality of pixel electrodes 104P, and the electrode layer 104E is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 104 to drive the liquid crystal molecules LC in the encapsulated particles 104B. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 is disposed between the liquid crystal layer 104 and the light absorption layer 105 . The light absorption layer 105 is disposed between the substrate 101 and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 . The average particle size of these encapsulated particles 104B falls within the range between 10 nm and 400 nm.

在本實施例中，圓偏光片103允許右旋偏振光穿透。膽固醇液晶層102為反射態(planar state)，其中反射單元102R、102G、102B得以反射右旋偏振光，且反射單元102R、反射單元102G以及反射單元102B中的膽固醇液晶的螺距不同，可以反射不同波長的右旋圓偏振光。在本實施例中，反射單元102R可以反射紅色右旋圓偏振光，反射單元102G可以反射綠色右旋圓偏振光，反射單元102B可以反射藍色右旋圓偏振光。但本發明不以此為限，在本發明另一實施例中，圓偏光片103允許左旋偏振光穿透。膽固醇液晶層102為反射態(planar state)，其中反射單元102R、102G、102B可以分別反射紅色、綠色及藍色左旋偏振光。 In this embodiment, the circular polarizer 103 allows right-handed polarized light to pass through. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 is in a planar state, wherein the reflective units 102R, 102G, and 102B can reflect right-handed polarized light, and the cholesteric liquid crystals in the reflective unit 102R, the reflective unit 102G, and the reflective unit 102B have different helical pitches, which can reflect different wavelength of right-handed circularly polarized light. In this embodiment, the reflecting unit 102R can reflect red right-handed circularly polarized light, the reflecting unit 102G can reflect green right-circularly polarized light, and the reflecting unit 102B can reflect blue right-circularly polarized light. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In another embodiment of the present invention, the circular polarizer 103 allows left-handed polarized light to pass through. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 is in a planar state, wherein the reflection units 102R, 102G, and 102B can reflect red, green, and blue left-handed polarized light, respectively.

同時參照圖1A及圖2，在本實施例中，當未藉由電極層 104E施加驅動電壓，液晶層104中的多個囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC的排列方向一致，液晶分子LC的長軸皆平行於基板101的法線方向。具體而言，由於這些囊封粒子104B的平均粒徑落在10nm至400nm之間的範圍內，使得每一個液晶分子LC的長軸得以朝向同一個方向，相互平行，如圖1A及圖2所示。相對的，若囊封粒子104B的平均粒徑過大，在沒有電壓驅動的情況下，每一個液晶分子LC的長軸將無法朝同一個方向。在本發明的另一實施例中，可以藉由高壓均質乳化或SPG(Shirasu Porous Glass)膜乳化製程來製造具有平均粒徑落在150nm至250nm之間的範圍內的囊封粒子104B的液晶層104，且這些囊封粒子104B的聚合物分散性指數(Polymer dispersity index,PDI)小於1.2，聚合物分散性指數小，分子量分布平均，粒子大小相近。 Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 at the same time, in this embodiment, when the electrode layer is not used 104E applies a driving voltage, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the plurality of encapsulated particles 104B in the liquid crystal layer 104 are consistent, and the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules LC are all parallel to the normal direction of the substrate 101 . Specifically, since the average particle size of the encapsulated particles 104B falls within the range of 10 nm to 400 nm, the long axes of each liquid crystal molecule LC can be oriented in the same direction and parallel to each other, as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 . Show. On the contrary, if the average particle size of the encapsulated particles 104B is too large, the long axis of each liquid crystal molecule LC will not be able to face the same direction without voltage driving. In another embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer having the encapsulated particles 104B with an average particle diameter in the range of 150 nm to 250 nm can be manufactured by high pressure homogeneous emulsification or SPG (Shirasu Porous Glass) film emulsification process 104, and the polymer dispersity index (PDI) of these encapsulated particles 104B is less than 1.2, the polymer dispersity index is small, the molecular weight distribution is average, and the particle size is similar.

在本發明的第一實施例中，參照圖1A，當顯示裝置100外部的光線(白光)自圓偏光片103上方進入顯示裝置100，只有右旋偏振光會透射圓偏光片103。當未藉由電極層104E施加驅動電壓，液晶層104中的多個囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC的長軸皆平行於基板101的法線方向，光線在穿透液晶層104後不會改變其偏振態，維持右旋偏振。這些光線繼續朝膽固醇液晶層102行進，並受到反射單元102R、反射單元102G以及反射單元102B的反射而分別產生紅色右旋偏振光、綠色右旋偏振光以及藍色右旋偏振光。這些各色右旋偏振光穿透液晶層104後仍維持右旋偏振態，在穿透圓偏光片103後，射出顯示裝置100，顯示裝置100 顯示為亮態。 In the first embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1A , when light (white light) outside the display device 100 enters the display device 100 from above the circular polarizer 103 , only right-handed polarized light will transmit the circular polarizer 103 . When no driving voltage is applied through the electrode layer 104E, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the plurality of encapsulated particles 104B in the liquid crystal layer 104 are all parallel to the normal direction of the substrate 101 , and the light does not pass through the liquid crystal layer 104 . Change its polarization state, maintaining the right-handed polarization. The light continues to travel toward the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 and is reflected by the reflection unit 102R, the reflection unit 102G, and the reflection unit 102B to generate red right-handed polarized light, green right-handed polarized light, and blue right-handed polarized light, respectively. The right-handed polarized light of each color still maintains the right-handed polarization state after passing through the liquid crystal layer 104 , and then exits the display device 100 after passing through the circular polarizer 103 . The display device 100 Displayed in bright state.

接下來參照圖1B，其繪示根據本發明第一實施例的顯示裝置在暗態的橫截面示意圖。當藉由電極層104E施加驅動電壓，並且使得液晶層104中的多個囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC的長軸皆垂直於基板101的法線，穿透圓偏光片103的右旋偏振光在穿透液晶層104後會改變其偏振態，成為左旋偏振光。這些光線繼續朝膽固醇液晶層102行進，穿透反射單元102R、102G以及102B而被吸光層105吸收，顯示裝置100顯示為暗態。 Next, referring to FIG. 1B , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a dark state. When a driving voltage is applied through the electrode layer 104E, and the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the plurality of encapsulated particles 104B in the liquid crystal layer 104 are all perpendicular to the normal of the substrate 101, the right-handed polarization of the circular polarizer 103 is transmitted through After the light penetrates the liquid crystal layer 104, its polarization state will be changed to become left-handed polarized light. These light rays continue to travel toward the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 , pass through the reflection units 102R, 102G, and 102B and be absorbed by the light absorption layer 105 , and the display device 100 is displayed in a dark state.

具體而言，本第一實施例提供的顯示裝置100具備液晶層104。根據不同的灰階需求，對液晶層104施加電壓，改變囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC的定向，取代習知技藝中的顯示裝置對膽固醇液晶層施加驅動電壓的方式，避免了各種習知技藝所存在的高臨界電壓、反應時間長、低電壓維持率等問題。此外，根據本發明第一實施例所提供的顯示裝置100優化了囊封粒子104B的平均粒徑大小，大幅提升顯示裝置100的顯示品質。 Specifically, the display device 100 provided in the first embodiment includes a liquid crystal layer 104 . According to different gray scale requirements, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 104 to change the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the encapsulated particles 104B, which replaces the method of applying a driving voltage to the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in a display device in the prior art, and avoids various conventional methods. Problems such as high threshold voltage, long response time, and low voltage maintenance rate that exist in the technology. In addition, according to the display device 100 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, the average particle size of the encapsulated particles 104B is optimized, and the display quality of the display device 100 is greatly improved.

根據本發明一實施例，囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC的介電係數落在10F/m至30F/m的範圍內，液晶分子LC的雙折射率差值落在0.23至0.32的範圍內。藉由最大化介電異方性(dielectric anisotropy)以及光學異方性(optical anisotropy)來提高克爾效應(Kerr effect)。此外，藉由最大化介電異方性(dielectric anisotropy)來降低電極層104E的操作電壓。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric coefficient of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the encapsulated particles 104B falls within the range of 10F/m to 30F/m, and the birefringence difference of the liquid crystal molecules LC falls within the range of 0.23 to 0.32 . The Kerr effect is enhanced by maximizing dielectric anisotropy and optical anisotropy. In addition, the operating voltage of the electrode layer 104E is reduced by maximizing the dielectric anisotropy.

根據本發明一實施例，液晶層104的支撐部104S包括完 全鹼化聚乙烯醇(fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol)，其鹼化率落在98%至99%的範圍之間。因為支撐部104S必須支撐整個液晶層104，以防止囊封粒子104B受到外力的傷害，因此，選擇完全水解的完全鹼化聚乙烯醇來實現這一目標。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the support portion 104S of the liquid crystal layer 104 includes a complete Fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, the alkalization rate of which falls in the range of 98% to 99%. Because the support portion 104S must support the entire liquid crystal layer 104 to prevent the encapsulated particles 104B from being damaged by external force, fully hydrolyzed fully alkalized polyvinyl alcohol is selected to achieve this goal.

根據本發明一實施例，囊封粒子104B的粒子壁包括部分鹼化聚乙烯醇(partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol)，其鹼化率落在80%至96%的範圍之間。因為囊封粒子104B的粒子壁必須足夠堅固以防止液晶分子LC漏出，且需要和水以及液晶相容，因此選擇部分水解的部分鹼化聚乙烯醇。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the particle walls of the encapsulated particles 104B include partially-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, and the alkalinity rate thereof falls within the range of 80% to 96%. Because the particle walls of the encapsulated particles 104B must be strong enough to prevent leakage of the liquid crystal molecules LC, and need to be compatible with water and liquid crystals, partially hydrolyzed partially alkalized polyvinyl alcohol is selected.

在圖1A及圖1B所示的第一實施例中，吸光層105設置於基板101以膽固醇液晶層102之間。但是本發明不以此為限，根據本發明一實施例，基板101可以設置於吸光層105以及膽固醇液晶層102之間。 In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B , the light absorption layer 105 is disposed between the substrate 101 and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 101 may be disposed between the light absorption layer 105 and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 .

為了充分說明本發明的各種實施態樣，將在下文描述本發明的其他實施例。在此必須說明的是，下述實施例沿用前述實施例的元件標號與部分內容，其中採用相同的標號來表示相同或近似的元件，並且省略了相同技術內容的說明。關於省略部分的說明可參考前述實施例，下述實施例不再重複贅述。 In order to fully illustrate the various embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments of the present invention will be described below. It must be noted here that the following embodiments use the element numbers and part of the contents of the previous embodiments, wherein the same numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. For the description of the omitted part, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, and repeated descriptions in the following embodiments will not be repeated.

在圖1A及圖1B所示的第一實施例中，電極層104E設置於圓偏光片103以及液晶層104之間。但是本發明不以此為限，參照圖3，其繪示根據本發明第二實施例的顯示裝置的橫截面示意圖。顯示裝置200與顯示裝置100不同在於，液晶層104設置於 圓偏光片103以及電極層204E之間。圓偏光片103可以直接貼附於液晶層104上。顯示裝置200還可以包括設置於膽固醇液晶層102以及液晶層104之間的阻隔層207。阻隔層207包含氮化矽(SiNx)及氧化矽(SiOx)等，但是本發明不以此為限，顯示裝置200可以不包括阻隔層207。 In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B , the electrode layer 104E is disposed between the circular polarizer 103 and the liquid crystal layer 104 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Referring to FIG. 3 , it is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The display device 200 is different from the display device 100 in that the liquid crystal layer 104 is disposed between the circular polarizer 103 and the electrode layer 204E. The circular polarizer 103 can be directly attached to the liquid crystal layer 104 . The display device 200 may further include a blocking layer 207 disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 and the liquid crystal layer 104 . The barrier layer 207 includes silicon nitride (SiN x ) and silicon oxide (SiO x ), etc., but the invention is not limited thereto, and the display device 200 may not include the barrier layer 207 .

參照圖4A，其繪示根據本發明第三實施例的顯示裝置在暗態的橫截面示意圖。相較於圖1A所示的第一實施例的顯示裝置在亮態的橫截面示意圖，圖4A所示的顯示裝置300不同在於，圓偏光片303為左旋圓偏光片，其允許左旋偏振光穿透。 Referring to FIG. 4A , it is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device in a dark state according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the display device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1A in a bright state, the display device 300 shown in FIG. 4A is different in that the circular polarizer 303 is a left-handed circular polarizer, which allows left-handed polarized light to pass through. through.

在此說明圖4A所示的顯示裝置300的光學表現：當顯示裝置300外部的光線自圓偏光片303上方進入顯示裝置300，只有左旋偏振光會透射圓偏光片303。當未藉由電極層104E施加驅動電壓，液晶層104中的多個囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC的長軸皆平行於基板101的法線方向，光線在穿透液晶層104後不會改變其偏振態，維持左旋偏振。這些光線繼續朝膽固醇液晶層102行進，穿透反射單元102R、102G以及102B而被吸光層105吸收，顯示裝置300顯示為暗態。 The optical performance of the display device 300 shown in FIG. 4A is described here: when the light outside the display device 300 enters the display device 300 from above the circular polarizer 303 , only the left-handed polarized light transmits the circular polarizer 303 . When no driving voltage is applied through the electrode layer 104E, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the plurality of encapsulated particles 104B in the liquid crystal layer 104 are all parallel to the normal direction of the substrate 101 , and the light does not pass through the liquid crystal layer 104 . Change its polarization state, maintaining left-handed polarization. These light rays continue to travel toward the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 , pass through the reflection units 102R, 102G, and 102B and be absorbed by the light absorption layer 105 , and the display device 300 is displayed in a dark state.

接下來參照圖4B，其繪示根據本發明第三實施例的顯示裝置在亮態的橫截面示意圖。當顯示裝置300外部的光線自圓偏光片303上方進入顯示裝置300，只有左旋偏振光會透射圓偏光片303。當藉由電極層104E施加驅動電壓，液晶層104中的多個囊封粒子104B中的液晶分子LC的長軸皆垂直於基板101的法線方 向，光線在穿透液晶層104後會改變其偏振態，變成右旋偏振。這些光線繼續朝膽固醇液晶層102行進，並受到反射單元102R、反射單元102G以及反射單元102B的反射而分別產生紅色右旋偏振光、綠色右旋偏振光以及藍色右旋偏振光。這些各色右旋偏振光穿透液晶層104後變為左旋偏振態，在穿透圓偏光片303後，射出顯示裝置300，顯示裝置300顯示為亮態。 Next, referring to FIG. 4B , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention in a bright state. When light from outside the display device 300 enters the display device 300 from above the circular polarizer 303 , only the left-handed polarized light will transmit through the circular polarizer 303 . When a driving voltage is applied through the electrode layer 104E, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the plurality of encapsulated particles 104B in the liquid crystal layer 104 are all perpendicular to the normal direction of the substrate 101 . The light will change its polarization state after penetrating the liquid crystal layer 104 to become right-handed polarization. The light continues to travel toward the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 and is reflected by the reflection unit 102R, the reflection unit 102G, and the reflection unit 102B to generate red right-handed polarized light, green right-handed polarized light, and blue right-handed polarized light, respectively. The right-handed polarized lights of each color pass through the liquid crystal layer 104 and become left-handed polarized lights. After passing through the circular polarizer 303 , they exit the display device 300 , and the display device 300 displays a bright state.

參照圖5，其繪示根據本發明第四實施例的顯示裝置的橫截面示意圖。顯示裝置400與顯示裝置300不同在於，液晶層104設置於圓偏光片303以及電極層404E之間。圓偏光片303可以直接貼附於液晶層104上。顯示裝置400還可以包括設置於膽固醇液晶層102以及液晶層104之間的阻隔層407，但是本發明不以此為限，顯示裝置400可以不包括阻隔層407。 Referring to FIG. 5 , a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown. The display device 400 is different from the display device 300 in that the liquid crystal layer 104 is disposed between the circular polarizer 303 and the electrode layer 404E. The circular polarizer 303 can be directly attached to the liquid crystal layer 104 . The display device 400 may further include a barrier layer 407 disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 102 and the liquid crystal layer 104 , but the invention is not limited thereto, and the display device 400 may not include the barrier layer 407 .

綜上所述，本發明實施例提供的顯示裝置具備液晶層。根據不同的灰階需求，對液晶層施加電壓，改變囊封粒子中的液晶分子的定向，取代習知技藝中的顯示裝置對膽固醇液晶層施加驅動電壓的方式，避免了各種習知技藝所存在的高臨界電壓、反應時間長、低電壓維持率等問題。此外，根據本發明實施例所提供的顯示裝置還優化了囊封粒子的平均粒徑大小，大幅提升顯示裝置的顯示品質。 To sum up, the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a liquid crystal layer. According to different gray-scale requirements, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer to change the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles, which replaces the method of applying a driving voltage to the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in a display device in the prior art, and avoids the existence of various conventional technologies. problems such as high threshold voltage, long response time, and low voltage maintenance rate. In addition, the display device provided according to the embodiment of the present invention also optimizes the average particle size of the encapsulated particles, which greatly improves the display quality of the display device.

100:顯示裝置 100: Display device

101:基板 101: Substrate

102:膽固醇液晶層 102: Cholesterol liquid crystal layer

102R、102G、102B:反射單元 102R, 102G, 102B: Reflective unit

103:圓偏光片 103: Circular polarizer

104:液晶層 104: Liquid crystal layer

104B:囊封粒子 104B: Encapsulated Particles

104C:共電極 104C: Common electrode

104E:電極層 104E: Electrode layer

104P:像素電極 104P: pixel electrode

104S:支撐部 104S: Support part

105:吸光層 105: light absorbing layer

106:基板 106: Substrate

LC:液晶分子 LC: Liquid Crystal Molecule

Claims (13)

一種顯示裝置，包括：一基板；一膽固醇液晶層，包括多個反射單元，該些反射單元排列於該基板上；一圓偏光片，設置於該膽固醇液晶層上；一液晶層，包括多個囊封粒子，該些囊封粒子中容置有液晶分子，且該液晶層設置於該膽固醇液晶層以及該圓偏光片之間；一電極層，包括多個共電極及多個像素電極，且該電極層設置於該液晶層上，以驅動該些囊封粒子中的液晶分子；以及一吸光層，其中該膽固醇液晶層設置於該液晶層以及該吸光層之間，其中該些囊封粒子的平均粒徑落在10nm至400nm之間的範圍內，其中當該液晶層沒有被施加驅動電壓，該些囊封粒子中的液晶分子的排列方向一致。 A display device, comprising: a substrate; a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, including a plurality of reflection units, the reflection units are arranged on the substrate; a circular polarizer, arranged on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer; a liquid crystal layer, including a plurality of capsules encapsulated particles, liquid crystal molecules are accommodated in the encapsulated particles, and the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the circular polarizer; an electrode layer includes a plurality of common electrodes and a plurality of pixel electrodes, and the An electrode layer is arranged on the liquid crystal layer to drive the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles; and a light absorption layer, wherein the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the light absorption layer, wherein the encapsulated particles are The average particle size falls within the range of 10 nm to 400 nm, wherein when the liquid crystal layer is not applied with a driving voltage, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles are consistent. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該些囊封粒子的平均粒徑落在150nm至250nm之間的範圍內，且該些囊封粒子的聚合物分散性指數小於1.2。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the encapsulated particles falls within a range of 150 nm to 250 nm, and the polymer dispersibility index of the encapsulated particles is less than 1.2. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該吸光層設置於該基板以及該膽固醇液晶層之間。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the light absorption layer is disposed between the substrate and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該基板設置於該吸光層以及該膽固醇液晶層之間。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the substrate is disposed between the light absorption layer and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中不同的反射單元中的膽固醇液晶的螺距不同。 The display device according to claim 1, wherein the helical pitches of the cholesteric liquid crystals in different reflection units are different. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該電極層設置於該圓偏光片以及該液晶層之間。 The display device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode layer is disposed between the circular polarizer and the liquid crystal layer. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該液晶層設置於該圓偏光片以及該電極層之間。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the circular polarizer and the electrode layer. 如請求項7所述的顯示裝置，更包括一阻隔層，設置於該膽固醇液晶層以及該液晶層之間。 The display device of claim 7, further comprising a blocking layer disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the liquid crystal layer. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該些囊封粒子中的液晶分子的介電係數落在10F/m至30F/m的範圍內。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the dielectric coefficient of the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles falls within a range of 10F/m to 30F/m. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該些囊封粒子中的液晶分子的雙折射率差值落在0.23至0.32的範圍內。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the birefringence difference of the liquid crystal molecules in the encapsulated particles falls within a range of 0.23 to 0.32. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該液晶層係藉由高壓均質乳化或SPG膜乳化製程製造。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer is manufactured by a high pressure homogeneous emulsification or SPG film emulsification process. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該液晶層更包括完全鹼化聚乙烯醇。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer further comprises fully alkalized polyvinyl alcohol. 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置，其中該些囊封粒子的粒子壁包括部分鹼化聚乙烯醇。 The display device of claim 1, wherein the particle walls of the encapsulated particles comprise partially alkalized polyvinyl alcohol.
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