TWI773371B - Solid state drive - Google Patents

Solid state drive Download PDF

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TWI773371B
TWI773371B TW110120935A TW110120935A TWI773371B TW I773371 B TWI773371 B TW I773371B TW 110120935 A TW110120935 A TW 110120935A TW 110120935 A TW110120935 A TW 110120935A TW I773371 B TWI773371 B TW I773371B
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volatile memory
solid
disk
logical
controller
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TW202248859A (en
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程威得
林嘉偉
殷維駿
傅允成
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宇瞻科技股份有限公司
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Abstract

A solid-state drive (SSD) has a circuit board, a non-volatile memory module, and a controller. The non-volatile memory module is arranged on the circuit board and has a plurality of non-volatile memory blocks for storing data. An operating system is installed in a logic disk formed by at least a part of the non-volatile memory blocks. The controller is arranged on the circuit board, coupled to the non-volatile memory module, and used to execute a firmware to perform an active trim operation on the non-volatile memory blocks.

Description

固態硬碟solid state drive

本發明係有關於一種固態硬碟，尤其是有關於一種可主動地進行修剪（TRIM）操作的固態硬碟。The present invention relates to a solid state hard disk, in particular, to a solid state hard disk that can actively perform trimming (TRIM) operations.

近年來固態硬碟（Solid State Drive；SSD）已經逐漸取代傳統的硬碟，因此各種作業系統為了提升固態硬碟的效能，而提出各種專屬固態硬碟的指令，而其中TRIM指令就是這些指令當中對於固態硬碟的效能及穩定度有很大幫助的指令。In recent years, Solid State Drive (SSD) has gradually replaced traditional hard drives. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of solid-state drives, various operating systems have proposed various commands for solid-state drives, among which the TRIM command is one of these commands. Instructions that are very helpful for the performance and stability of solid-state drives.

TRIM指令主要是由作業系統發起，讓作業系統通知固態硬碟哪些LBA位置上的資料已經是無效的資料，以使固態硬碟先進行內部的垃圾回收（Garbage Collection ；簡稱GC）操作，釋放出記憶體區塊供以後使用。這樣的方式雖然可以有效地釋放記憶體區塊，但是早期的作業系統並不支援TRIM這個指令。對於使用不支援TRIM作業系統的使用者來說，其長期使用下來，固態硬碟的效能會因頻繁的垃圾回收（GC）操作，而導致使用體驗上會有頓挫感。另外，TRIM指令必須由作業系統下達給固態硬碟，而作業系統下達TRIM指令的時間點對於固態硬碟來說是否為最佳的時機點則是有待商榷。The TRIM command is mainly initiated by the operating system to let the operating system inform the solid-state drive which LBA data is invalid data, so that the solid-state hard drive will first perform an internal Garbage Collection (GC) operation to release the data. A block of memory for later use. Although this method can effectively release memory blocks, the early operating system does not support the TRIM command. For users who use an operating system that does not support TRIM, after long-term use, the performance of solid-state drives will be frustrated due to frequent garbage collection (GC) operations. In addition, the TRIM command must be issued by the operating system to the solid-state hard disk, and whether the time point at which the operating system issues the TRIM command is the best time point for the solid-state hard disk is debatable.

本發明一實施例提供一種固態硬碟（Solid State Drive；SSD），其包含電路板、非揮發性記憶體模組以及控制器。非揮發性記憶體模組設置於電路板上，並包含多個用以儲存資料的非揮發性記憶體區塊。作業系統安裝於由至少部分的非揮發性記憶體區塊所形成的一邏輯磁碟（logic disk）中。控制器設置於電路板上，且耦接於非揮發性記憶體模組，並用以執行韌體，以對非揮發性記憶體區塊進行主動式修剪操作。主動式修剪操作包含：依據固態硬碟的一邏輯實體對照表（Logical-to-Physical table；L2P table），取得固態硬碟的一磁碟分割表；依據邏輯實體對照表及磁碟分割表，從非揮發性記憶體區塊讀取作業系統的一檔案系統的資訊；依據檔案系統的資訊，判斷邏輯磁碟中的哪些非揮發性記憶體區塊可被回收使用；以及將被判斷為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊回收使用。An embodiment of the present invention provides a solid state drive (Solid State Drive; SSD), which includes a circuit board, a non-volatile memory module, and a controller. The non-volatile memory module is arranged on the circuit board and includes a plurality of non-volatile memory blocks for storing data. The operating system is installed on a logic disk formed by at least a portion of the non-volatile memory blocks. The controller is disposed on the circuit board and coupled to the non-volatile memory module, and is used for executing firmware to perform active trimming operation on the non-volatile memory block. The active pruning operation includes: obtaining a disk partition table of the solid-state hard disk according to a logical-to-Physical table (L2P table) of the solid-state hard disk; according to the logical entity comparison table and the disk partition table, Read information of a file system of the operating system from the non-volatile memory block; according to the information of the file system, determine which non-volatile memory blocks in the logical disk can be recycled; Reclaimed non-volatile memory blocks are reclaimed for use.

第1圖是安裝有本發明一實施例之固態硬碟100的電腦系統1的功能方塊圖，第2圖繪示了第1圖中的非揮發性記憶體模組120所儲存的相關資料。固態硬碟100包含電路板110、非揮發性記憶體模組120以及控制器130。非揮發性記憶體模組120設置於電路板110上，並包含多個用以儲存資料的非揮發性記憶體區塊122。每一非揮發性記憶體區塊122可以是快閃記憶體。非揮發性記憶體模組120可被分割成一個或多個邏輯磁碟（logic disk），而每一邏輯磁碟可包含全部或部分的非揮發性記憶體區塊122。其中的一個邏輯磁碟之中安裝有一作業系統。控制器130設置於電路板110上，且耦接於非揮發性記憶體模組120，並用以執行韌體132以對非揮發性記憶體區塊122進行程式化、抹除、讀取、主動式修剪操作等相關的操作。FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a computer system 1 installed with a solid-state hard disk 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows related data stored in the non-volatile memory module 120 in FIG. 1 . The solid state drive 100 includes a circuit board 110 , a non-volatile memory module 120 and a controller 130 . The non-volatile memory module 120 is disposed on the circuit board 110 and includes a plurality of non-volatile memory blocks 122 for storing data. Each non-volatile memory block 122 may be flash memory. The non-volatile memory module 120 can be divided into one or more logic disks, and each logical disk can include all or part of the non-volatile memory block 122 . One of the logical disks has an operating system installed on it. The controller 130 is disposed on the circuit board 110 and is coupled to the non-volatile memory module 120 for executing the firmware 132 to program, erase, read, and activate the non-volatile memory block 122 related operations such as pruning operations.

固態硬碟100另包含一傳輸介面140，耦接於電腦系統1的處理器10。處理器10可執行儲存在非揮發性記憶體模組120中的作業系統的程式碼170，以控制電腦系統1的操作，並對固態硬碟100進行資料存取。在本發明一實施例中，當控制器130在超過一預定時間（例如：5分鐘或其他預設時間長度）沒有從傳輸介面140接收到處理器10的任何指令時，控制器130即可主動地執行主動式修剪操作，而無須等待處理器10所執行的作業系統下達修剪(TRIM)指令。The solid state drive 100 further includes a transmission interface 140 coupled to the processor 10 of the computer system 1 . The processor 10 can execute the operating system code 170 stored in the non-volatile memory module 120 to control the operation of the computer system 1 and perform data access to the solid-state hard disk 100 . In an embodiment of the present invention, when the controller 130 does not receive any instruction from the processor 10 from the transmission interface 140 for more than a predetermined period of time (eg, 5 minutes or other predetermined period of time), the controller 130 can take the initiative to The active trimming operation is performed without waiting for the trimming (TRIM) instruction issued by the operating system executed by the processor 10.

第3圖是第1圖之固態硬碟執行主動式修剪操作300時的流程圖。主動式修剪操作300可包含下述步驟：FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the solid state drive of FIG. 1 when the active trimming operation 300 is performed. Active trimming operation 300 may include the following steps:

步驟S310：控制器130讀取邏輯磁碟的邏輯區塊位址(Logical Block Address；簡稱LBA)資訊；其中，所被讀取的邏輯磁碟安裝有處理器10所執行的作業系統的程式碼170，而控制器130在此步驟中可先讀取儲存在非揮發性記憶體模組120中邏輯實體對照表（Logical-to-Physical table；L2P table）152，並依據邏輯實體對照表152讀取固態硬碟100的磁碟分割表154，進而依據磁碟分割表154，得知邏輯磁碟的起始位置156，並得知作業系統是哪一種作業系統以及其檔案系統資訊160，而上述的磁碟分割表154例如是主開機記錄〈Master Boot Record；簡稱MBR〉或是GUID磁碟分割表（GUID Partition Table；簡稱GPT）；Step S310 : the controller 130 reads the logical block address (Logical Block Address, LBA) information of the logical disk; wherein, the read logical disk is installed with the code of the operating system executed by the processor 10 170 , and the controller 130 can first read the logical entity comparison table (Logical-to-Physical table; L2P table) 152 stored in the non-volatile memory module 120 in this step, and read according to the logical entity comparison table 152 Get the disk partition table 154 of the solid-state hard disk 100, and then according to the disk partition table 154, know the starting position 156 of the logical disk, and know which operating system is the operating system and its file system information 160, and the above-mentioned The disk partition table 154 is, for example, a master boot record (Master Boot Record; MBR for short) or a GUID Partition Table (GPT for short);

步驟S320：控制器130判斷韌體132是否可辨識出檔案系統資訊160的格式，以執行主動式的修剪；若韌體132可辨識所述檔案系統資訊160的格式，則進行主動式的修剪，即執行步驟S340至S360；若韌體132無法辨識所述檔案系統資訊160的格式，則執行步驟S330；Step S320: The controller 130 determines whether the firmware 132 can recognize the format of the file system information 160, so as to perform active trimming; if the firmware 132 can recognize the format of the file system information 160, it performs active trimming, That is, steps S340 to S360 are performed; if the firmware 132 cannot recognize the format of the file system information 160, step S330 is performed;

進一步的說明，在步驟S320中，韌體132預設會被設定成可辨識出常用或特定檔案系統資訊的格式，例如NTFS、FAT 32等，當此檔案系統資訊160的格式為NTFS或FAT 32其中之一時，則將會執行步驟S340，反之，若是此檔案系統資訊160的格式不在韌體132所預設的涵蓋內容時，以FAT 16為例，則此時將會執行步驟S330。Further description, in step S320, the firmware 132 is preset to be set to a format that can identify common or specific file system information, such as NTFS, FAT 32, etc. When the format of the file system information 160 is NTFS or FAT 32 If there is one of them, step S340 will be executed. On the contrary, if the format of the file system information 160 is not covered by the preset content of the firmware 132, taking FAT 16 as an example, step S330 will be executed at this time.

步驟S330：進行被動式修剪操作；即以傳統的方式由作業系統對固態硬碟100下達修剪(TRIM)指令，以對固態硬碟100進行修剪操作；其中，若作業系統並不支援TRIM指令，則此步驟S330可省略；Step S330 : perform a passive trimming operation; that is, the operating system issues a trimming (TRIM) command to the solid-state hard disk 100 in a conventional manner to perform a trimming operation on the solid-state hard disk 100 ; wherein, if the operating system does not support the TRIM command, then This step S330 can be omitted;

步驟S340：控制器130分析邏輯磁區的系統架構；在此步驟中，控制器130可取得作業系統的檔案系統資訊160，亦即控制器130可得知作業系統是使用哪一種檔案系統（File system）來管理上述的邏輯磁碟；Step S340 : the controller 130 analyzes the system structure of the logical sector; in this step, the controller 130 can obtain the file system information 160 of the operating system, that is, the controller 130 can know which file system (File System) is used by the operating system. system) to manage the above-mentioned logical disks;

步驟S350：控制器130取得邏輯磁碟的非揮發性記憶體區塊122的空間分佈；以所安裝的作業系統為Windows 7為例，控制器130在此步驟中可取得作業系統的主要檔案表（Master File Table；MFT）162及點陣圖（Bitmap）164；其中點陣圖164用以記錄邏輯磁碟的各個非揮發性記憶體區塊122的被使用情況，而控制器130可依據點陣圖164得知邏輯磁碟中的哪些非揮發性記憶體區塊122可被回收使用；以及Step S350: The controller 130 obtains the space distribution of the non-volatile memory blocks 122 of the logical disk; taking the installed operating system as Windows 7 as an example, the controller 130 can obtain the main file table of the operating system in this step (Master File Table; MFT) 162 and a bitmap (Bitmap) 164; wherein the bitmap 164 is used to record the usage of each non-volatile memory block 122 of the logical disk, and the controller 130 can base on the point The map 164 knows which non-volatile memory blocks 122 in the logical disk can be reclaimed; and

步驟S360：控制器130將被判斷為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊122回收使用。Step S360: The controller 130 reclaims the non-volatile memory block 122 determined to be reclaimable for use.

在步驟S350中，當邏輯磁碟的某非揮發性記憶體區塊122所對應的點陣圖164中的位元的值為第一位元值（例如：0）時，控制器130則判斷此非揮發性記憶體區塊122為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊122，並將非揮發性記憶體區塊122回收使用；當邏輯磁碟的某非揮發性記憶體區塊122所對應的點陣圖164中的位元的值為第二位元值（例如：1）時，控制器130則判斷此非揮發性記憶體區塊122為不可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊122。此外，當控制器130將被判斷為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊122回收使用時，控制器130可以對可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊122進行資料抹除。In step S350, when the bit value in the bitmap 164 corresponding to a certain non-volatile memory block 122 of the logical disk is the first bit value (for example: 0), the controller 130 determines that The non-volatile memory block 122 is a non-volatile memory block 122 that can be recycled, and the non-volatile memory block 122 is recycled; when a certain non-volatile memory block of the logical disk When the bit value in the bitmap 164 corresponding to 122 is the second bit value (for example: 1), the controller 130 determines that the non-volatile memory block 122 is a non-volatile memory block 122 that cannot be recycled. Memory block 122 . In addition, when the controller 130 reclaims the non-volatile memory block 122 that is determined to be recyclable, the controller 130 may perform data erasure on the non-volatile memory block 122 that can be reclaimed.

第4圖是當作業系統為WINDOWS 7且檔案系統為NTFS時，本發明之主動式修剪操作400的流程圖。主動式修剪操作400包含下列步驟：FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the active trimming operation 400 of the present invention when the operating system is WINDOWS 7 and the file system is NTFS. Active trimming operation 400 includes the following steps:

步驟S410：控制器130依據固態硬碟100的邏輯實體對照表（L2P table）152讀取固態硬碟100的磁碟分割表154，而磁碟分割表154一般儲存在邏輯磁碟的第一個非揮發性記憶體區塊122（即LBA 0）；Step S410 : the controller 130 reads the disk partition table 154 of the solid state disk 100 according to the L2P table 152 of the solid state disk 100 , and the disk partition table 154 is generally stored in the first logical disk Non-volatile memory block 122 (ie LBA 0);

步驟S420：控制器130依據磁碟分割表154，得知邏輯磁碟的起始位置156（即開機(Boot)磁區的位置）；Step S420: The controller 130 obtains the starting position 156 of the logical disk (ie, the position of the boot volume) according to the disk partition table 154;

步驟S430：控制器130依據邏輯磁碟的起始位置156，得知作業系統的主要檔案表（MFT）162的位址；Step S430 : the controller 130 obtains the address of the main file table (MFT) 162 of the operating system according to the starting position 156 of the logical disk;

步驟S440：控制器130依據主要檔案表（MFT）162的位址，取得點陣圖（Bitmap）164，以依據點陣圖164判斷邏輯磁碟中的哪些非揮發性記憶體區塊122可被回收使用；以及Step S440 : The controller 130 obtains a bitmap 164 according to the address of the master file table (MFT) 162 , and determines which non-volatile memory blocks 122 in the logical disk can be used according to the bitmap 164 . recycling; and

步驟S450：控制器130將被判斷為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊122回收使用。Step S450: The controller 130 reclaims the non-volatile memory block 122 determined to be reclaimable for use.

對於檔案系統為FAT的邏輯磁區來說，步驟S440中所取得的點陣圖164可被FAT檔案系統的檔案配置表（FATTable1）所取代；對於檔案系統為EXT的邏輯磁區來說，步驟S440中所取得的點陣圖164可被EXT檔案系統的區塊圖（blockmap）所取代；對於檔案系統為HFS+的邏輯磁區來說，步驟S440中所取得的點陣圖164可被HFS+檔案系統的配置檔案（Allocation File）所取代。For the logical sector whose file system is FAT, the bitmap 164 obtained in step S440 can be replaced by the file configuration table (FATTable1) of the FAT file system; for the logical sector whose file system is EXT, the step The bitmap 164 obtained in step S440 can be replaced by the blockmap of the EXT file system; for the logical sector whose file system is HFS+, the bitmap 164 obtained in step S440 can be replaced by the HFS+ file Replaced by the system's Allocation File.

上述主動式修剪操作300和400的觸發時機可以是當控制器130在超過一預定時間（例如：5分鐘或其他預設時間長度）沒有從傳輸介面140接收到處理器10的任何指令時，由控制器130主動地執行。然而，本發明並不以此為限，例如在本發明另一實施例中，則允許使用者透過電腦系統1所執行的程式，主動地命令固態硬碟100的控制器130執行上述主動式修剪操作300或400。The triggering timing of the above-mentioned active trimming operations 300 and 400 may be when the controller 130 does not receive any instruction from the processor 10 from the transmission interface 140 for more than a predetermined time (eg, 5 minutes or other predetermined length of time) The controller 130 actively executes. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in another embodiment of the present invention, the user is allowed to actively instruct the controller 130 of the solid-state hard disk 100 to execute the above-mentioned active trimming through a program executed by the computer system 1 . Operate 300 or 400.

在上述實施例中，固態硬碟100可透過控制器130所執行的韌體132，對非揮發性記憶體模組120進行分析，而得知各非揮發性記憶體區塊122的被使用狀況，進而可對非揮發性記憶體區塊122進行主動式修剪操作，而無須等待作業系統對固態硬碟100下達TRIM指令。再者，對於不支援TRIM指令的作業系統（如WINDOWS 95），透過本發明，在韌體132有支援該作業系統的檔案系統的情況下，仍可享有TRIM指令所帶來的好處。另外，對於有支援TRIM指令的作業系統來說，控制器130可在固態硬碟100閒置一預設時間後主動進行上述的主動式修剪操作，而提升垃圾回收（GC）操作的效率。 以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。 In the above-mentioned embodiment, the solid state drive 100 can analyze the non-volatile memory module 120 through the firmware 132 executed by the controller 130 to know the usage status of each non-volatile memory block 122 , so that the non-volatile memory block 122 can be actively trimmed without waiting for the operating system to issue a TRIM command to the solid-state hard disk 100 . Furthermore, for an operating system that does not support the TRIM command (eg, WINDOWS 95), the present invention can still enjoy the benefits brought by the TRIM command when the firmware 132 has a file system that supports the operating system. In addition, for an operating system that supports the TRIM command, the controller 130 can actively perform the above-mentioned active pruning operation after the solid-state hard disk 100 is idle for a predetermined period of time, so as to improve the efficiency of the garbage collection (GC) operation. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

1:電腦系統 10:處理器 100:固態硬碟 110:電路板 120:非揮發性記憶體模組 122:非揮發性記憶體區塊 130:控制器 132:韌體 140:傳輸介面 152:邏輯實體對照表 154:磁碟分割表 156:邏輯磁碟的起始位置 160:檔案系統資訊 162:主要檔案表（MFT） 164:點陣圖（Bitmap） 170:作業系統的程式碼 300、400:主動式修剪操作 S310至S360、S410至S450:步驟1: Computer system 10: Processor 100: Solid State Drive 110: circuit board 120: Non-volatile memory module 122: Non-volatile memory block 130: Controller 132:Firmware 140: Transmission interface 152: Logical entity comparison table 154: Disk partition table 156: The starting position of the logical disk 160: File System Information 162: Master File Table (MFT) 164: Bitmap 170: Operating system code 300, 400: Active trimming operation S310 to S360, S410 to S450: Steps

第1圖是安裝有本發明一實施例之固態硬碟的電腦系統的功能方塊圖。 第2圖繪示了第1圖中的非揮發性記憶體模組所儲存的相關資料。 第3圖是第1圖之固態硬碟執行主動式修剪操作時的流程圖。 第4圖是當作業系統為WINDOWS 7且檔案系統為NTFS時，本發明之主動式修剪操作的流程圖。 FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a computer system installed with a solid-state hard disk according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows related data stored in the non-volatile memory module in FIG. 1 . FIG. 3 is a flow chart when the solid-state hard disk of FIG. 1 performs an active trimming operation. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the active trimming operation of the present invention when the operating system is WINDOWS 7 and the file system is NTFS.

300:主動式修剪操作 300: Active trimming operation

S310至S360:步驟 S310 to S360: Steps

Claims (7)

一種固態硬碟（Solid State Drive；SSD），包含： 一電路板； 一非揮發性記憶體模組，設置於該電路板上，並包含多個非揮發性記憶體區塊，用以儲存資料，其中一作業系統安裝於由至少部分的該些非揮發性記憶體區塊所形成的一邏輯磁碟（logic disk）中；以及 一控制器，設置於該電路板上，且耦接於該非揮發性記憶體模組，並用以執行一韌體，以對該些非揮發性記憶體區塊進行一主動式修剪操作，該主動式修剪操作包含： 依據該固態硬碟的一邏輯實體對照表（Logical-to-Physical table；L2P table），取得該固態硬碟的一磁碟分割表； 依據該邏輯實體對照表及該磁碟分割表，從該些非揮發性記憶體區塊讀取該作業系統的一檔案系統的資訊； 依據該檔案系統的資訊，判斷該邏輯磁碟中的哪些非揮發性記憶體區塊可被回收使用；以及 將被判斷為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊回收使用。 A solid state drive (Solid State Drive; SSD), comprising: a circuit board; a non-volatile memory module disposed on the circuit board and comprising a plurality of non-volatile memory blocks for storing data, wherein an operating system is installed on at least part of the non-volatile memory in a logic disk formed by the blocks; and a controller disposed on the circuit board and coupled to the non-volatile memory module for executing a firmware to perform an active trimming operation on the non-volatile memory blocks, the active The pruning operation includes: obtaining a disk partition table of the solid-state hard disk according to a logical-to-Physical table (L2P table) of the solid-state hard disk; reading information of a file system of the operating system from the non-volatile memory blocks according to the logical entity comparison table and the disk partition table; determining which non-volatile memory blocks in the logical disk can be recycled according to the information of the file system; and The non-volatile memory blocks judged to be available for recycling are recycled. 如請求項1所述的固態硬碟，其中該檔案系統的資訊包含： 該作業系統是哪一種作業系統； 該檔案系統是哪一種檔案系統；以及 該邏輯磁碟的多個邏輯區塊位址(Logical Block Address, LBA)資訊。 The solid-state hard disk of claim 1, wherein the information of the file system includes: Which operating system is the operating system; which file system is the file system; and Multiple Logical Block Address (LBA) information of the logical disk. 如請求項2所述的固態硬碟，其中該些邏輯區塊位址包含： 該檔案系統的一主要檔案表（Master File Table；MFT）在該些非揮發性記憶體區塊中的起始位置；以及 該檔案系統的一點陣圖（Bitmap）的位址，其中該點陣圖用以記錄該邏輯磁碟的各個非揮發性記憶體區塊的使用情況。 The solid-state hard disk of claim 2, wherein the logical block addresses comprise: the starting position of a Master File Table (MFT) of the file system in the non-volatile memory blocks; and The address of the bitmap (Bitmap) of the file system, wherein the bitmap is used to record the usage of each non-volatile memory block of the logical disk. 如請求項3所述的固態硬碟，其中該點陣圖的每一個位元對應該邏輯磁碟的一非揮發性記憶體區塊；以及 其中當該邏輯磁碟的一非揮發性記憶體區塊所對應的該點陣圖中的位元的值為第一位元值時，該控制器判斷該非揮發性記憶體區塊為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊，並將該非揮發性記憶體區塊回收使用。 The solid-state hard disk of claim 3, wherein each bit of the bitmap corresponds to a non-volatile memory block of the logical disk; and When the value of the bit in the bitmap corresponding to a non-volatile memory block of the logical disk is the first bit value, the controller determines that the non-volatile memory block is available for use The used non-volatile memory block is recycled, and the non-volatile memory block is recycled for use. 如請求項1所述的固態硬碟，其中當該控制器將被判斷為可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊回收使用時，該控制器係對可被回收使用的非揮發性記憶體區塊進行資料抹除。The solid-state hard disk of claim 1, wherein when the controller reclaims the non-volatile memory block that is determined to be recyclable, the controller reclaims the non-volatile memory that can be reclaimed. The data of the body block is erased. 如請求項1所述的固態硬碟，另包含一傳輸介面，耦接於一電腦系統； 其中當該控制器在超過一預定時間沒有從該傳輸介面接收到該電腦系統的一處理器的任何指令時，該控制器主動地執行該主動式修剪操作。 The solid-state hard disk of claim 1, further comprising a transmission interface coupled to a computer system; Wherein, when the controller does not receive any instruction from a processor of the computer system from the transmission interface for more than a predetermined time, the controller actively performs the active trimming operation. 如請求項6所述的固態硬碟，其中該處理器透過該傳輸介面從該邏輯磁碟讀取該作業系統，並執行該作業系統以控制該電腦系統的操作。The solid-state hard disk of claim 6, wherein the processor reads the operating system from the logical disk through the transmission interface, and executes the operating system to control the operation of the computer system.
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