TWI772846B - Biochar production method - Google Patents

Abstract

A biochar (Biochar) manufacturing method comprises: placing a plant raw material into a heating chamber of a heating furnace. The plant material includes a bamboo shoot shell of water bamboo. A nitrogen gas was injected into the heating chamber. The heating furnace heats the plant material in the heating chamber at a calcination temperature for a cracking time. The heated plant material forms a biochar. The calcination temperature is between 490°C and 710°C, and the cracking time is between 1.8 hours and 2.2 hours.

Description

Biochar production method

The present invention relates to a method for producing biochar, and particularly relates to a method for producing biochar using bamboo shoot shells of water bamboo.

In recent years, Biochar has attracted extensive attention as a new type of environmental functional material. Biochar has shown potential applications in soil improvement, greenhouse gas reduction, and restoration of polluted environments.

However, the conventional biochar often has the problem of uneven carbonization, and it is difficult to increase the surface area of the conventional biochar. As a result, the adsorption capacity of biochar is poor. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of biochar is the focus of attention of those in the field.

The "prior art" paragraph is only used to help understand the present disclosure, so the content disclosed in the "prior art" paragraph may contain some that do not constitute the prior art known to those with ordinary skill in the art. The content disclosed in the "prior art" paragraph does not represent the content or the problem to be solved by one or more embodiments of the present invention, and has been known or recognized by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field before the application of the present invention.

The present invention provides a method for producing biochar, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the biochar.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be further understood from the technical features disclosed in the present invention.

The biochar manufacturing method of the present invention comprises: placing a plant raw material into a heating chamber of a heating furnace. The plant material includes a bamboo shoot shell of water bamboo. A nitrogen gas was injected into the heating chamber. The heating furnace heats the plant material in the heating chamber at a calcination temperature for a cracking time. The heated plant material forms a biochar. The calcination temperature is between 490°C and 710°C, and the cracking time is between 1.8 hours and 2.2 hours.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the volume percentage of the nitrogen gas in the heating chamber is greater than 99%.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the volume percentage of an oxygen gas in the heating chamber is less than 1%.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned calcination temperature is between 490°C to 510°C, or the calcination temperature is between 590°C to 610°C, or the calcination temperature is 690°C Between C and 710°C.

In an embodiment of the present invention, before the above-mentioned bamboo shoot shells are placed in the heating furnace, the bamboo shoot shells are subjected to a cleaning process, an air drying process and/or a shredding process.

In an embodiment of the present invention, after the above-mentioned water bamboo shoot shells are subjected to the cleaning process, the air-drying process and/or the chopping process, the water bamboo shoot shells are also subjected to a drying and dehydration process.

In an embodiment of the present invention, after the drying and dehydration process of the bamboo shoots, the bamboo shoots are sieved with a screen, and the bamboo shoots screened by the screen are placed in the heating furnace, wherein a mesh of the screen is 8, 9, 10 or 12.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned biochar is subjected to an activation process to form an activated carbon.

Based on the above, the biochar production method provided by the present invention can effectively solve the problem of uneven carbonization by heating the plant raw materials including the bamboo shoot shells in a nitrogen environment, and can produce biochar with high adsorption surface area, greatly improving the biochar efficacy.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following embodiments are given and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows.

The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as: up, down, left, right, front or rear, etc., are only for referring to the directions of the attached drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms used are illustrative and not limiting of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a biochar (Biochar) manufacturing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a heating furnace 13 . The heating furnace 13 includes a heating chamber 131 .

Please also refer to FIG. 2 , which is a flowchart of a method 100 for manufacturing biochar according to an embodiment of the present invention. The biochar manufacturing method 100 of this embodiment includes the following steps: In step S101 , a plant raw material 11 is placed in the heating chamber 131 of the heating furnace 13 . In this embodiment, the plant material 11 includes a bamboo shoot shell WS. Next, in step S103 , a nitrogen gas 151 is injected into the heating chamber 131 . In step S105, the heating furnace 13 heats the plant material 11 in the heating chamber 131 at a calcination temperature T for a pyrolysis time (not shown).

In this embodiment, the calcination temperature T is between 490°C and 710°C. The lysis time was between 1.8 hours and 2.2 hours. The heated plant material 11 forms a biochar C.

The present embodiment includes the plant raw material 11 of the bamboo shoot shell WS, and in the environment of the nitrogen 151, the cracking is heated at the calcination temperature T between 490°C and 710°C for 1.8 hours to 2.2 hours. With time, the problem of uneven carbonization can be solved, the biochar C with high adsorption surface area (not shown) can be made, and the efficiency of the biochar C can be greatly improved. The biochar C manufactured by the biochar manufacturing method 100 of the present embodiment has developed carbon pore structure, strong adsorption capacity and high environmental stability. The biochar C of this embodiment can be used as a new type of environmental functional material, and has excellent applications in such aspects as soil improvement, greenhouse gas reduction, and restoration of polluted environments.

In addition, the reuse of agricultural surplus materials produced by the production of water bamboo shoots (that is, the water bamboo shoot shells WS in this embodiment) has always been a topic of attention. Water bamboo shoots are important economic crops, but the discarded water bamboo shoot shells WS have a great impact on landscape, sanitation, environmental quality and residents' health. Through the biochar manufacturing method 100 of this embodiment, the water bamboo shoot shell WS can be effectively converted into the biochar C which is useful and more expensive. The biochar C can be applied to, for example, water purification and soil improvement, thereby achieving high cycle economic benefits. The biochar manufacturing method of this embodiment can not only solve the problem caused by the agricultural surplus materials of bamboo shoots, but also can make the biochar C with high economic benefits.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the heating furnace 13 may include, for example, a heater 133 for heating the heating chamber 131 . The heating furnace 13 may include, for example, an air inlet 135 for injecting the nitrogen gas 151 into the heating chamber 131 . The manufacturing apparatus 1 may include, for example, a nitrogen gas source 15 for supplying the nitrogen gas 151 . The structures and forms of the heater 133 , the air inlet 135 and the nitrogen gas source 15 shown in FIG. 1 are only an example and are not intended to limit the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, the volume percentage of the nitrogen gas 151 in the heating chamber 131 is greater than 99%. The plant raw material 11 including the bamboo shoot shell WS is heated in the nitrogen 151 environment with a volume percentage of more than 99%, which can solve the problem of uneven carbonization, so as to make the biochar C with high adsorption surface area. In an embodiment of the present invention, the volume percentage of the nitrogen gas 151 in the heating chamber 131 is greater than 99.95%.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the volume percentage of an oxygen gas (not shown) in the heating chamber 131 is less than 1%. The plant raw material 11 including the bamboo shoot shell WS is heated in the nitrogen 151 environment where the volume percentage of oxygen is less than 1%, which can solve the problem of uneven carbonization, so as to make the biochar C with high adsorption surface area. In an embodiment of the present invention, the volume percentage of oxygen in the heating chamber 131 is less than 0.05%.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the calcination temperature T is between 490°C and 510°C. In an embodiment of the present invention, the calcination temperature T is between 590°C and 610°C. In an embodiment of the present invention, the calcination temperature T is between 690°C and 710°C. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cracking time is about 2 hours.

After experimental analysis, the BET specific surface area of the biochar C prepared by the biochar manufacturing method 100 was measured by a specific surface area and porosimetry analyzer. This plant raw material 11 comprising this water bamboo shoot shell WS is respectively with this calcination temperature T of 500 DEG C, 600 DEG C and 700 DEG C, heat the biochar generated by the cracking time of 2 hours, the result measured through experiment is as follows shown in Table 1. Calcination temperature T BET specific surface area 500°C 335.7 m ² /g 600°C 405.9 m ² /g 700°C 618.4 m ² /g Table 1

As can be seen from Table 1, the biochar produced by the plant material 11 comprising the water bamboo shoot shell WS of the present invention has a very high BET specific surface area, can have a good removal effect on organic matter, and can be used for water purification etc. .

Please refer to FIG. 3 at the same time. FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the pre-operation 200 of the biochar manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Before step S101 shown in FIG. 2 , in the biochar manufacturing method of the present embodiment, the pre-operation 200 may also be performed. In step S101 , before the bamboo shoots WS are placed in the heating furnace 13 , the bamboo shoots WS may undergo a cleaning process S11 , an air drying process S13 and/or a shredding process S15 . The cleaning process S11 can remove various contaminations on the bamboo shoot shells WS. The air-drying process S13 can remove most of the water on the bamboo shoot shell WS. In the chopping process S15, the bamboo shoot shell WS can be cut into pieces/particles, so as to facilitate the subsequent production of biochar. The chopping process S15 can be implemented by any possible cutting machine.

In addition, after the water bamboo shoot shell WS is subjected to the cleaning process S11, the air-drying process S13 and/or the chopping process S15, the water bamboo shoot shell WS may, for example, undergo a drying and dehydration process S17 to further remove the water bamboo shoots. The moisture of bamboo shoot shell WS is convenient for subsequent biochar production. The drying and dehydration process S17 may be implemented by an oven or oven independent of the heating furnace 13 , or the drying and dehydrating process S17 may be directly implemented by the heating furnace 13 . In one embodiment of the present invention, the drying and dehydration process S17 is dried and dehydrated at a temperature between 100°C and 110°C. In an embodiment of the present invention, the drying and dehydration process S17 is dried and dehydrated at a temperature of 105°C.

In addition, after the water bamboo shoot shell WS is subjected to the drying and dehydration process S17, the water bamboo shoot shell WS can be sieved through a screen (not shown). The screen can screen and remove the bamboo shoot shell WS with a larger volume, so as to facilitate the subsequent production of biochar. The bamboo shoot shells WS screened by the screen are placed in the heating furnace 13 for subsequent biochar production (ie, step S101 ). In this embodiment, the mesh number of the screen is 8, 9, 10 or 12, and the mesh size of 8, 9, 10, 12 corresponds to 2.36 mm, 2.00 mm, 1.70 mm, 1.40 mm. In an embodiment of the present invention, the mesh number of the screen is 10 to facilitate subsequent biochar production.

Through the pre-operation 200, the plant material 11 including the bamboo shoot shell WS is processed, and then the biochar is produced, which can solve the problem of uneven carbonization, and can produce the biochar C with a high adsorption surface area.

Please refer to FIG. 4 at the same time. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an activated carbon manufacturing process 300 of a biochar manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The activated carbon manufacturing process 300 may also be performed after the step S105 shown in FIG. 2 in the biochar manufacturing method of this embodiment. After the biochar C is formed in step S105 , the biochar C may also undergo an activation process to form an activated carbon AC. The activation process can be realized by, for example, an activated carbon activation physical method or an activated carbon activation chemical method, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The biochar C made from the plant material 11 of the bamboo shoot shell WS in this embodiment has a high BET specific surface area, so the activated carbon AC made from the biochar C has extremely high efficiency. The biochar manufacturing method of this embodiment can not only solve the problem caused by the agricultural surplus materials of bamboo shoots, but also can make the activated carbon AC with high economic benefits.

To sum up, the biochar production method of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively solve the problem of uneven carbonization by heating the plant material including the bamboo shoot shells in a nitrogen environment, and can produce biochar with a high adsorption surface area, which greatly improves the performance of the biochar. The efficacy of biochar.

1: Manufacturing device 100: Biochar manufacturing method 11: Plant Raw Materials 13: Heating furnace 131: Heating chamber 133: Heater 135: Air intake 15: Nitrogen source 151: Nitrogen 200: Preliminary work 300: Activated carbon process AC: activated carbon C: Biochar S101, S103, S105, S107: steps S11, S13, S15, S17, S19: Steps T: calcination temperature WS: Water bamboo shoot shell

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing biochar according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for producing biochar according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a flow chart of the pre-operation of the biochar production method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the activated carbon manufacturing process of the biochar manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

S101, S103, S105: Steps

Claims (7)

A method for producing biochar, comprising: placing a bamboo shoot shell in a heating chamber of a heating furnace; injecting a nitrogen gas into the heating chamber; and heating the heating furnace at a calcination temperature The water bamboo shoot shells in the chamber are heated for a cracking time, and the heated water bamboo shoot shells form a biochar; wherein, the calcination temperature is between 490° C. and 710° C., and the cracking time is 1.8 hours to 2.2 hours. hours; wherein, the volume percentage of an oxygen gas in the heating chamber is less than 1%. The method for producing biochar according to claim 1, wherein the volume percentage of the nitrogen gas in the heating chamber is greater than 99%. The method for producing biochar according to claim 1, wherein the calcination temperature is between 490°C and 510°C, or the calcination temperature is between 590°C and 610°C, or the calcination temperature is between 690°C and 710°C. between °C. The method for producing biochar according to claim 1, wherein before the bamboo shoots are placed in the heating furnace, the bamboo shoots are subjected to a cleaning process, an air drying process and/or a shredding process. The method for producing biochar according to claim 4, wherein after the water bamboo shoots shells are subjected to the cleaning process, the air-drying process and/or the chopping process, the water bamboo shoots shells are also subjected to a drying and dehydration process. The method for producing biochar according to claim 5, wherein after the drying and dehydration process, the bamboo shoots are sieved with a screen, and the bamboo shoots screened by the screen are put into In the furnace, wherein a mesh of the screen is 8, 9, 10 or 12. The method for producing biochar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biochar is subjected to an activation process to form an activated carbon.

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