TWI768090B - Optical system and display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel optical system and a display device capable of displaying images, videos, stereoscopic vision, stereoscopic images and the like while having high transparency in the visible light region by using ultraviolet light. The optical system (1)includes a polarizing element (10). The polarizing element (10) is provided as a polarizing light emitting element (10a) showing polarized light emission in the visible light region by absorption of light including at least ultraviolet light, or provided as a polarization control element (10b) for controlling at least the light in the ultraviolet region to be polarized in the light including at least ultraviolet light.

Description

Optical system and display device

The present invention relates to an optical system and a display device. In detail, it relates to an optical system and a display device having a polarized light-emitting element having a function of polarizing light in the visible light region using ultraviolet rays, or a polarization control element having a function of controlling the ultraviolet rays to polarize light as a polarizing element .

A liquid crystal display device (LCD), which is one of the representative examples of the display device, has been widely used in recent years because it is thin, lightweight, and low in power consumption. The basic structure of a liquid crystal display device consists of a light source called a backlight, two polarizers that pass only light in a certain direction, and a liquid crystal cell that seals the liquid crystal material disposed between the two polarizers. .

In recent liquid crystal display devices, in order to improve light utilization efficiency, a material having a light-emitting effect different from that of the backlight may be used in accordance with the power saving of the backlight. Patent Document 1 discloses a method of obtaining polarized light emission by mixing a fluorescent substance with liquid crystal molecules, aligning the liquid crystal by an electric field, and simultaneously emitting light by the electric field. In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses an organic EL element including an optical element using a liquid crystal material and a light-emitting layer made of an organic EL material. However, neither of Patent Documents 1 and 2 discloses an image display device using the polarized light-emitting element that itself displays polarized light emission.

Patent Document 3 discloses an image display device using a polymerizable liquid crystal compound that emits light by itself, and also discloses that the polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be used as a material for a polarized light-emitting element . However, there is no disclosure of a specific layer structure and the like when an image display device is constructed using a polarized light-emitting element.

[Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-241069

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-218406

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-182678

Among display devices in recent years, research and development have been conducted on transparent display (see-through display) devices that allow a background object disposed on the back side of the display to penetrate and recognize. The transparent display has the characteristics of displaying images, animations, texts and other images on the transparent display, and allowing the scenery on the back side of the display to be seen through.

Generally speaking, transparent displays use organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) or liquid crystal displays. When OLEDs are used to make transparent displays, since OLEDs use light-emitting elements that emit light themselves, there is no need to use a backlight, but it is difficult and expensive to manufacture. . On the other hand, when using a liquid crystal display to make a transparent display, since the liquid crystal display uses a polarizing plate with a visible light transmittance of generally 30-45%, the visible light transmittance will inevitably decrease, resulting in the problem of reduced visibility.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel optical system and display device capable of displaying images, animations, stereoscopic vision, stereoscopic images, etc., having high transmittance in the visible light region by utilizing ultraviolet rays .

(1) An aspect of the present invention is an optical system including a polarizing element, wherein the polarizing element is polarized light that exhibits polarized light emission as light containing at least ultraviolet rays by absorption of light in the visible light region It is provided as a light-emitting element, or is provided as a polarization control element for controlling at least light in the ultraviolet region to polarize among the light containing at least ultraviolet rays.

(2) The aspect of the present invention is the optical system according to the above (1), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element, and the polarizing light-emitting element has a visual sensitivity of 60% or more in a wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm Corrected monomer penetration rate.

(3) The aspect of the present invention is the optical system described in (1) or (2) above, further comprising a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays.

(4) An aspect of the present invention is a display device including the optical system described in any one of (1) to (3) above.

(5) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, the display device is a liquid crystal display device further including a liquid crystal cell, and the light is emitted from the liquid crystal cell. The surface side of one side is irradiated, the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the light is polarized ultraviolet rays.

(6) An aspect of the present invention is the display device described in (5) above, further comprising a light source that emits polarized ultraviolet light.

(7) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, the display device is a liquid crystal display device further comprising a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate, and the light is emitted from The surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell is irradiated, the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate having ultraviolet polarized light is arranged on the surface side of the one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with the light. The above-mentioned polarizing plate of at least one of O-UVP and the polarizing plate V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet rays and visible light.

(8) An aspect of the present invention is the display device described in (7) above, further comprising a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays.

(9) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to any one of the above (5) to (8), wherein the liquid crystal display device further comprises a light absorbing layer, a light reflecting layer and a retardation plate. At least one light control layer of the group, and the at least one light control layer is disposed on the surface side of the polarized light-emitting element on which the liquid crystal cell is not disposed.

(10) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (9), wherein the liquid crystal display device includes the light reflection layer and the retardation plate, and the retardation plate is arranged on the light reflection layer and the polarized light emission between components.

(11) An aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device further includes a liquid crystal cell, an ultraviolet absorbing element, and a group selected from A liquid crystal display device of at least one polarizer from the group consisting of polarizer O-UVP for polarizing ultraviolet light, polarizer V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light, and UV penetrating polarizer for penetrating ultraviolet light.

(12) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device further includes: a liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate selected from the group consisting of polarizing ultraviolet rays O-UVP, polarizing plate V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light, at least one type of the group consisting of a UV transmissive polarizing plate that transmits ultraviolet rays, and a UV non-transmissive polarizing plate that does not transmit ultraviolet rays A liquid crystal display device of a polarizing plate, and one of the aforementioned polarizing plates has an absorption axis in a direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the aforementioned polarized light-emitting element, or one of the aforementioned polarizing plates is a UV non-transmissive polarizing plate and the UV The non-transmissive polarizer has an absorption axis in a direction coaxial with the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element.

(13) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarization control element, the display device is a liquid crystal display device further including a liquid crystal cell, and the liquid crystal display device further includes A polarizer V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light, and a UV transmissive polarizer that transmits ultraviolet rays, or at least two of the aforementioned polarizers V+UVP are further provided, and the light is emitted from the face side of one side of the liquid crystal cell. Irradiation, the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, the polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with the light, and the polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side where the liquid crystal cell is not arranged The above-mentioned UV transmissive polarizer is arranged on the surface side of the polarization control element, or a polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the side of one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with the light, and the above-mentioned liquid crystal cell is not arranged. The polarizer V+UVP on the other side is arranged on the surface side of the polarization control element, and the UV penetrates the polarizer or the polarizer V+UVP on the other side has an absorption axis in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarization control element. , and the aforementioned light is light containing ultraviolet light and visible light.

(14) The aspect of the present invention is the display device described in (13) above, further comprising a light source that emits light including ultraviolet light and visible light.

(15) The aspect of the present invention is the display device described in the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarization control element, and the display device is further provided with a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate for polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light In the liquid crystal display device of V+UVP, the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side of the polarization control element without the liquid crystal cell. The UVP has an absorption axis in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarization control element, and the liquid crystal cell can be switched to a liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet light and a liquid crystal cell for visible light, or has both the liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet light and the liquid crystal cell for visible light. , and the aforementioned light is light that polarizes both ultraviolet light and visible light.

(16) An aspect of the present invention is the display device described in (15) above, further comprising a light source that emits light that polarizes both ultraviolet light and visible light.

(17) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is further provided with a stereoscopic display capable of displaying stereoscopic vision or a stereoscopic image In the stereoscopic display device or the stereoscopic image display device of the control means, the stereoscopic display device further includes a display unit for displaying stereoscopic vision, and the stereoscopic image display device further includes a liquid crystal unit for displaying the stereoscopic image.

(18) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is further provided with: a phase difference control member capable of controlling the phase difference, and a control A display device having a polarization control function of a polarization control member for polarized light emission from the above-mentioned polarized light-emitting element.

(19) The aspect of the present invention is the display device described in (18) above, further comprising a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays.

(20) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (4), wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is further provided with a liquid crystal cell, a colored light transmission filter, With a polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm, a polarizing plate O-UVP for polarizing ultraviolet light, a polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet and visible light, a UV transmitting polarizing plate for transmitting ultraviolet light, and a polarizing plate for blocking ultraviolet light The liquid crystal display device of the polarizing plate formed by the group of UV non-transmitting polarizing plate.

(21) The aspect of the present invention is the display device described in the above (20), further comprising a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays.

(22) The aspect of the present invention is the display device described in (21) above, wherein the polarized light-emitting element displays the absolute value of chromaticity a* measured in accordance with JISZ8781-4:2013 of 5 or less and the absolute value of hue b* The value is 5 or less luminous color.

(23) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (22), wherein the polarized light-emitting element exhibits blue light emission having a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm, and the colored light transmits through the filter The film has at least one color filter that absorbs blue light of 400-480 nm and emits fluorescent light in the wavelength range of 530-670 nm.

(24) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (23), wherein at least one of the color filters has a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 530 to 570 nm.

(25) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (23), wherein at least one of the color filters has a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 600 to 650 nm.

(26) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the above (23), wherein the colored light transmission filter has: a color filter having a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 530 to 570 nm, and a A color filter with a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of ~650nm.

(27) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to any one of the above (20) to (26), wherein the light is irradiated from a surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the colored light is transmitted through the filter The polarizer is arranged in the liquid crystal cell or on the other side of the liquid crystal cell, the polarizer is arranged on the side of one side of the liquid crystal cell to which the light is irradiated, and the polarizer is arranged on the other side of the liquid crystal cell. A polarized light-emitting element, and the aforementioned polarizing plate is a polarizing plate O-UVP.

(28) The aspect of the present invention is the display device according to any one of the above (20) to (26), wherein the light is irradiated from a surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the colored light is transmitted through the filter The polarized light-emitting element is arranged in the liquid crystal cell or on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell to which the light is irradiated, and the polarized light emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. The polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate is selected from the group consisting of the polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm, the polarizing plate V+UVP, the UV transmissive polarizing plate, and the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate.

(29) The aspect of the present invention is the optical system described in any one of the above (1) to (3) or the display device described in any one of the above (4) to (28), wherein the above The polarizing element has a base material and one or more kinds of dichroic dyes, wherein the dichroic dyes are compounds or salts thereof having at least one of a stilbene skeleton and a biphenyl skeleton in a molecule and not having an azo group.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in an optical system provided with a polarizing element, the polarizing element is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element that exhibits polarized light emission in light in the visible light region by absorbing light containing at least ultraviolet rays, or is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element in at least Among the light containing ultraviolet rays, it is provided with a polarization control element that controls at least light in the ultraviolet region to be polarized. Thereby, it is possible to provide a novel optical system which has high transmittance in the visible light region using ultraviolet rays, and which can display images, animations, stereoscopic vision, stereoscopic images, and the like. In addition, by providing the polarizing element as the polarizing light emitting element, the polarizing light emitting element can be made to emit light by ultraviolet rays. As a result, this optical system can be applied to displays and various media requiring high security.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element, and the polarizing light-emitting element has a sensitivity-corrected single transmittance of 60% or more in a wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm. Thereby, an optical system having a novel structure suitable for transparent displays can be provided.

According to the aspect of the present invention, since the display device is provided with the above-mentioned optical system, it can be produced by applying the display structure of the conventional display device, so that it can be produced simply and inexpensively.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is a liquid crystal display device further including a liquid crystal cell. In addition, the polarized ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. With this display device, the light absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element is polarized ultraviolet light. In addition, since the polarized light in the ultraviolet light can be controlled, and the anisotropy of absorption can be used to make the polarized light-emitting element control the emission and extinction of the polarized light, so the polarized light can be used. Glows to display the image.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is a liquid crystal display device further including a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate. In addition, light containing at least ultraviolet rays is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the surface side of the one side of the liquid crystal cell to which the light is irradiated is arranged with polarized ultraviolet rays. At least one of the polarizing plate O-UVP and the polarizing plate V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light. With this display device, since the polarized light-emitting element that absorbs the polarized ultraviolet rays obtained by the polarizing plate can control the emission and extinction of the polarized light, an image can be displayed using the polarized light emission.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the liquid crystal display device further includes at least one light control layer selected from the group consisting of a light absorption layer, a light reflection layer, and a retardation plate, and the liquid crystal cell is not provided with the polarized light-emitting element on the surface side At least one light control layer is configured. With this display device, the absorption and reflection of polarized light emission can be suppressed, so that an image with improved contrast and brightness can be displayed.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the liquid crystal display device includes the light reflection layer and the retardation plate, and the retardation plate is arranged between the light reflection layer and the polarized light-emitting element. With this display device, it is possible to suppress the generation of double images on the display and display a brighter and higher-contrast image.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device further includes: a liquid crystal cell, an ultraviolet absorbing element, and a polarizer O-UVP selected from the group consisting of polarizing plate O-UVP for polarizing ultraviolet light, ultraviolet light and visible light A liquid crystal display device of at least one polarizer of the group consisting of a polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing light and a UV penetrating polarizing plate for allowing ultraviolet rays to penetrate. With this display device, the ultraviolet absorbing element can absorb the ultraviolet rays that are not completely absorbed in the polarized light emitting element but penetrate the polarized light emitting element. Furthermore, ultraviolet rays that may be incident from the outside of the display device can also be absorbed, so that adverse effects of ultraviolet rays on the eyes can be prevented.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device further includes: a liquid crystal cell; +UVP, a liquid crystal display device of at least one polarizer in the group consisting of a UV transmissive polarizer that transmits ultraviolet rays and a UV non-transmissive polarizer that does not transmit ultraviolet rays. As one of the aspects, it is preferable that one sheet of the polarizing plate has an absorption axis in a direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element. That is, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is provided in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element. With this display device, even if other polarizing plates are used, the polarized light-emitting element that absorbs the polarized ultraviolet rays can display polarized light emission, so that images can be displayed using the polarized light emission.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarization element is provided as the polarization control element, and the display device is a liquid crystal display device further including a liquid crystal cell. In addition, the liquid crystal display device further includes a polarizer V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet rays and visible light, and a UV transmissive polarizer for penetrating ultraviolet rays, or at least two polarizers V+UVP. In addition, light containing ultraviolet rays and visible light is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. Furthermore, a polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the side of one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light, and a UV transmissive polarizer is arranged on the side of the side where the polarization control element of the liquid crystal cell is not arranged, or on the side irradiated with light. A polarizer V+UVP on one side is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and a polarizer V+UVP on the other side is arranged on the side where the polarization control element of the liquid crystal cell is not arranged. In addition, the UV penetration polarizer or the polarizer V+UVP on the other side has an absorption axis in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarization control element. With this display device, an image can be displayed using the function of controlling ultraviolet rays to be polarized by the polarizing element.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarization control element, and the display device is a liquid crystal display device further comprising a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light, and the irradiated and utilized light Light that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light. In addition, the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side where the polarization control element of the liquid crystal cell is not arranged. Furthermore, the polarizing plate V+UVP has an absorption axis in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarization control element. In addition, the liquid crystal cell can be switched to a liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet rays and a liquid crystal cell for visible light, or has both a liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet rays and a liquid crystal cell for visible light. With this display device, the polarization control of light in the visible light region and the polarization control of light in the ultraviolet region can be achieved at the same time, so a display device that can control the transmission and non-transmission of light in each wavelength region can be provided, for example, it can be applied to A UV sensor that controls UV penetration and shading.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is a stereoscopic display device or a stereoscopic image display device further including a stereoscopic display control means capable of displaying stereoscopic vision or a stereoscopic image. In addition, the stereoscopic display device further includes a display unit for displaying stereoscopic vision, and on the other hand, the stereoscopic image display device further includes a liquid crystal cell for displaying a stereoscopic image. The display device has high transmittance in the visible light region, and can display stereoscopic vision and stereoscopic images of polarized light emission.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as the polarized light-emitting element, and the display device further includes: a phase difference control member capable of controlling a phase difference, and a polarization control member for controlling polarized light emission from the polarized light-emitting element with polarization control Functional display device. With this display device, it is possible to provide a display device not only capable of recognizing polarized light emission, but also imparting high security.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device further includes: a liquid crystal cell, a colored light transmission filter, and a polarizing plate selected from a polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm and a polarizing light for polarizing ultraviolet light Plate O-UVP, polarizing plate V+UVP which polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light, UV transmissive polarizing plate which transmits ultraviolet rays and UV non-transmitting polarizing plate which does not transmit ultraviolet rays. the liquid crystal display device. With this display device, it is possible to provide a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with high contrast and high color rendering properties, improving the viewing angle dependence, which has been a problem in conventional liquid crystal display devices.

According to the aspect of the present invention, the polarized light-emitting element displays a light-emitting color having an absolute value of chromaticity a* of 5 or less and an absolute value of hue b* of 5 or less measured in accordance with JIS Z 8781-4:2013. With this display device, since the emission color of the polarized light-emitting element is white, the polarized light-emitting element can be used as a polarizing element of a white polarized light-emitting type. In addition, red, blue and green color filters are arranged in each electrically driven display section of the liquid crystal unit as color light penetrating filters, and white luminous light is irradiated on each color filter, thereby This can provide a self-luminous liquid crystal display device that performs color display in each display segment.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the polarized light-emitting element exhibits blue light emission having a maximum light emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm. In addition, the colored light transmission filter has at least one color filter that absorbs blue light of 400-480 nm and emits fluorescent light in the wavelength range of 530-670 nm. Thereby, even if the emission color of the polarized light-emitting element is blue, it is possible to provide a self-luminous liquid crystal display device that can emit white light through the color filter.

According to the aspect of the present invention, at least one of the color filters has a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 530-570 nm, so that even if the emission color of the polarized light-emitting element is blue, the color filter can pass through the color filter. A self-luminous liquid crystal display device in which blue light from a polarized light-emitting element is converted into green light.

According to the aspect of the present invention, at least one of the color filters has a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 600-650 nm, so that even if the emission color of the polarized light-emitting element is blue, the color filter can pass through the color filter. A self-luminous liquid crystal display device in which blue light from a polarized light-emitting element is converted into red light.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the colored light transmission filter includes: a color filter having a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 530-570 nm, and a color filter having a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 600-650 nm . With this display device, it is possible to provide a self-luminous liquid crystal display device capable of converting blue light emission from the polarized light-emitting element into both green light emission and red light emission.

According to the aspect of the present invention, light containing at least ultraviolet rays is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the colored light penetrating filter is arranged in the liquid crystal cell or the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and is opposite to the irradiated light. The polarizing plate O-UVP is arranged between the surface sides of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. With this display device, since a liquid crystal cell that dynamically controls the phase is arranged between the polarizing plate O-UVP and the polarized light-emitting element, when the polarized light-emitting element displays white light emission, the liquid crystal cell can control the white light-emitting and non-white light-emitting elements. glow. In addition, by disposing the colored light transmitting filter in the liquid crystal cell or on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, the color of light emitted from the polarized light emitting element can be converted into a desired color through the colored light transmitting filter. Furthermore, when the polarized light-emitting element exhibits blue light emission, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with high utilization efficiency of blue light can be provided even if a blue color filter is not used as a colored light transmission filter.

According to the aspect of the present invention, light containing at least ultraviolet rays is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the colored light transmission filter is arranged in the liquid crystal cell or on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light is A polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of one side of the cell, and a polarizing plate is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. In addition, the polarizer is selected from the group consisting of a polarizer for 400 to 480 nm, a polarizer V+UVP, a UV transmissive polarizer, and a UV non-transmissive polarizer. With this display device, since the polarized light emitted from the polarized light emitting element passes through the polarizing plate and is irradiated on the colored light transmission filter, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with higher contrast can be provided. In addition, when the polarized light-emitting element exhibits blue light emission, even if a blue color filter is not used as a colored light transmission filter, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with remarkably high utilization efficiency of blue light can be provided.

In the aspect of the present invention, the polarizing element includes a base material and one or more dichroic dyes, and the dichroic dye preferably has at least one of a stilbene skeleton and a biphenyl skeleton in a molecule and does not have an azo base compound or its salt. Thereby, a function as a polarized light emitting element or a polarization control element can be imparted to the polarizing element.

1‧‧‧Optical system

10‧‧‧Polarizing element

10a‧‧‧Polarized light-emitting element

10b‧‧‧Polarization Control Components

10c‧‧‧First polarized light-emitting element

10c'‧‧‧Second polarized light-emitting element

20‧‧‧Contains at least UV light

20a‧‧‧Polarized UV

20b‧‧‧UV

20c‧‧‧Light containing visible light and ultraviolet light

20d‧‧‧Light after polarizing both ultraviolet and visible light

30‧‧‧LCD unit

30a‧‧‧Liquid crystal cell for visible light

30b‧‧‧UV LCD cell

30c‧‧‧UV/Visible light switching liquid crystal cell

30d‧‧‧LCD unit capable of displaying left-eye and right-eye images

40‧‧‧Light Absorbing Layer

40a‧‧‧Visible light absorbing element

40b‧‧‧UV Absorber

50‧‧‧Light reflection layer

60‧‧‧Phase difference control member

61‧‧‧1/4 wavelength plate

70‧‧‧Polarization control member

70a, 70a'‧‧‧Polarizer O-UVP

70b, 70b'‧‧‧Polarizer V+UVP

70c‧‧‧UV penetration polarizer

70d, 70d'‧‧‧UV non-transmitting polarizer

Polarizing plate for 70e‧‧‧400 to 480nm

80, 80'‧‧‧Stereoscopic display control components

90‧‧‧Display

100‧‧‧Colored light transmission filter

101‧‧‧Blue Color Filter

102‧‧‧Green Color Filter

103‧‧‧Red Color Filter

110‧‧‧Light Diffuser

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an optical system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a twelfth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a thirteenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a fourteenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a fifteenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a sixteenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a seventeenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing an eighteenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a nineteenth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing a twentieth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-fifth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-sixth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-seventh embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-eighth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram showing a twenty-ninth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing a thirtieth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-fifth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-sixth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-seventh embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-eighth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram showing a thirty-ninth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a schematic view showing a fortieth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a schematic diagram showing a forty-first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a schematic diagram showing a forty-second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a schematic diagram showing a forty-third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram showing the 44th embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 47 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 48 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 49 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 50 is a schematic diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 51 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 52 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 53 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 55 is a schematic diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a schematic diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 57 is a schematic diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 58 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a display device having a polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 59 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the display device having the polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 60 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the display device having the polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of a display device having a polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a schematic diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the display device having the polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 63 is a schematic diagram showing a sixth embodiment of a display device having a polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a schematic diagram showing a seventh embodiment of a display device having a polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 65 is a schematic diagram showing the eighth embodiment of the display device having the polarization switching function according to the present invention.

FIG. 66 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the self-luminous liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 67 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the self-luminous liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 68 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the self-luminous liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 69 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the self-luminous liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

The photograph of FIG. 70 shows the light emission (image) displayed by the liquid crystal display device (left side) of Example 3 which is an embodiment of the present invention and the liquid crystal display device (right side) of the comparative example having the conventional liquid crystal display configuration )s difference.

The photograph of FIG. 71 shows the transparency of the display device when a finger is placed on the back surface of the display device in the liquid crystal display device of Example 3.

The optical system and the display device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments shown below are only exemplary embodiments used to specifically describe the present invention, and various embodiments can be adopted within the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the numerical range represented using "~" below means the range which includes the numerical value described before and after "~" as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.

In addition, the compound represented by each formula and the compound represented by each compound example mentioned later are represented in the form of a free acid unless otherwise stated. In the following description, unless otherwise stated, in order to avoid complexity, the description of "a compound or a salt thereof" may be simply described as a "compound" for simplicity, and it is assumed that the salt of the compound is also included.

[Optical system]

As shown in FIG. 1, an optical system 1 of the present invention includes a polarizing element 10, and the polarizing element 10 is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element that exhibits polarized light emission in the visible light region by absorbing light 20 including at least ultraviolet rays, Alternatively, it may be provided as a polarization control element for controlling at least the light in the ultraviolet region to be polarized in the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays. In the optical system 1 of the present invention having such a configuration, when the polarizing element 10 is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element, the polarizing light-emitting element absorbs at least the light 20 containing ultraviolet rays and emits light in a visible light region in a polarized light. On the other hand, when the polarizing element 10 is provided as a polarization controlling element, the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays can be polarized by the polarization function of the polarization controlling element. When the polarizing element 10 is used as a polarized light-emitting element and the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays is polarized ultraviolet light, the polarization axis of the polarized ultraviolet light and the light absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting element, that is, the molecular alignment axis of the polarized light-emitting element, are mutually Consistently, the ultraviolet rays absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element can be increased to enhance the luminescence. On the other hand, by making these axes different from each other, light emission can be reduced. The polarization axis of the so-called polarized ultraviolet rays is consistent with the light absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting element, as long as the intensity of the polarized light emission can be changed by changing the orientation of these axes, these axes do not need to be completely consistent. In addition, the polarized light-emitting element only needs to have the function of absorbing ultraviolet rays and exhibiting polarized light emission in the visible light region, and may also have the function of polarizing and penetrating the unabsorbed ultraviolet rays.

The light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays is not particularly limited, and may be a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, or may be natural light. By further equipping the optical system 1 with a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays can be intentionally irradiated through the on/off function of the light source. Here, the ultraviolet light means light in the ultraviolet region to the near-ultraviolet visible light region. The wavelength region of the ultraviolet rays is preferably 300 to 430 nm, more preferably 340 to 415 nm, and particularly preferably 350 to 400 nm. In general, the term "ultraviolet" refers to light in the wavelength region of 400 nm or less, but the light in the wavelength region of 430 nm or less is also remarkably low in terms of human visual sensitivity. Therefore, invisible light is defined as ultraviolet light. The optical system of the present invention includes, for example, various devices and equipment such as personal computers, televisions, tablet terminals, 3D televisions, various display devices of various information display devices indoors and outdoors, and various information terminals such as security display devices.

Furthermore, in the optical system 1, when the polarizing element 10 is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element, the polarizing light-emitting element preferably has a sensitivity correction single transmittance of 60% or more in the wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm. By applying the optical system 1 including the polarized light-emitting element to, for example, a display device, the observer can see not only the image displayed on the transparent display, but also the scenery on the back side of the display, and the conventional displays. In contrast, it can be viewed through a large perspective. In addition, the visual sensitivity correction single penetration rate is the penetration rate calculated based on JIS Z 8722:2009. More than 60% of the light-sensitivity-corrected single-unit transmittance, which is higher than that of ordinary liquid crystal displays. monitor. In addition, the higher the transmittance of the visual sensitivity correction monomer, the more it can be applied to transparent displays that require high transmittance. Therefore, the penetration rate of the visual sensitivity correction monomer is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, particularly preferably 85% or more, and particularly preferably 90% or more.

[display device]

One embodiment of the present invention is a display device including the optical system 1 . The type of the display device is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a (self-luminous type) liquid crystal display device, a stereoscopic display device capable of stereoscopic display, a stereoscopic image display device, and the like. The display device provided with the optical system 1 can be produced by applying the display structure of the conventional display device, so that it can be produced simply and inexpensively.

Embodiments of various display devices including the optical system 1 of the present invention will be described below.

In one embodiment of the display device of the present invention, the display device is a liquid crystal display device further including a liquid crystal cell, and the polarizing element is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element. In this display device, the polarized ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. In order to irradiate polarized ultraviolet rays, the liquid crystal display device may further include a light source that emits polarized ultraviolet rays. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element is not arranged). FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 2 (hereinafter, a display device having a “liquid crystal cell” is also referred to as a “liquid crystal display device”) includes a polarized light-emitting element 10a that displays polarized light emission by absorbing light containing at least ultraviolet rays, and The liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarized light-emitting element 10a; the polarized ultraviolet rays 20a are emitted from the liquid crystal cell 30 side. In order to irradiate the polarized ultraviolet rays 20a, the light source for emitting the polarized ultraviolet rays 20a can be further arranged on the liquid crystal cell 30. As shown in FIG. By controlling the polarized light by the liquid crystal cell 30, the amount of light absorbed by the polarized ultraviolet ray 20a with respect to the absorption axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a can be controlled. When the polarized light-emitting element has absorption of ultraviolet rays, the polarized light-emitting element exhibits polarized light emission in the visible light region. In this way, by causing the polarized light-emitting element to absorb ultraviolet rays to display polarized light emission in the visible light region, an image can be displayed. In the polarized light-emitting element, when the absorption of ultraviolet light is large, the light emission is strong, and when the absorption of ultraviolet light is small, the light emission is weak. In this way, not only the presence or absence of light emission, but also the intensity of light emission can be used to control the display image. In the display device shown in FIG. 2, since the polarized light emission from the polarized light emitting element 10a also penetrates the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not arranged, it can be transmitted from either side of the liquid crystal cell 30 or the polarized light emitting element 10a. Observe the displayed image.

The display device shown in FIG. 2 may further include a light absorption layer or a light reflection layer as a light control layer. In the display device of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a visible light absorbing element 40a may be further provided as the light absorbing layer 40 on the lower side of the polarized light emitting element 10a, or as shown in FIG. 4, the polarized light emitting element 10a The lower side may further be provided with a light reflection layer 50 . In the display device shown in FIG. 3 , a visible light absorbing element 40 a such as a black film is provided as the light absorbing layer 40 . Thereby, the polarized light emission from the visible light region formed by the polarized light emitting element 10a on the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not disposed can be absorbed, and the reflection of the polarized light emission can be suppressed. By suppressing the reflection of polarized light emission, the difference in brightness between the part where the image is displayed and the part not displayed on the display is made obvious, so that the image with improved contrast can be displayed.

In the display device shown in FIG. 4 , the polarized light emission formed by the polarized light emitting element 10 a from the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not arranged is reflected by the light reflective layer 50 , and is further enhanced to the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is arranged. Polarized light on one side. By reflecting the polarized light emission, the light intensity of the polarized light emission toward the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is disposed can be further increased, so that a bright image can be displayed.

In the display device shown in FIG. 4, a double image may be generated in the liquid crystal cell 30 by reflecting the polarized light emission. In order to prevent this double image from being generated, as shown in FIG. 5 , a quarter wave plate 61 of a retardation plate may be further provided as a light control layer between the polarized light emitting element 10 a and the light reflection layer 50 . The quarter wave plate 61 is generally a retardation plate having the function of converting circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light and the function of converting linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light. In the display device shown in FIG. 5, the linearly polarized light of the polarized light-emitting element 10a emitted from the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not disposed is converted into a circle of either left or right winding by the quarter-wave plate 61 polarized light. Although the circularly polarized light is reflected by the light reflection layer 50 , at this time, it is converted into circularly polarized light that is reversed to the circularly polarized light incident on the light reflection layer 50 and reflected. Then, the reversed circularly polarized light is converted by the quarter-wave plate 61 into linearly polarized light that is shifted by 90° from the linearly polarized light of the polarized light-emitting element 10a emitted from the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not disposed. Accordingly, the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light is coaxial with the absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a, and as a result, reflection of the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a through the quarter-wave plate 61 can be suppressed. By suppressing the reflection of polarized light emission through the 1/4 wavelength plate 61, the generation of a double image on the display can be suppressed and a bright image can be displayed.

In another embodiment of the display device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, at least ultraviolet light 20, especially ultraviolet light 20b, is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell 30, and the polarized light-emitting element 10a is arranged in the liquid crystal cell 30. On the surface side of the other side, and on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell 30 irradiated with ultraviolet rays 20b, a polarizer O-UVP70a for polarizing ultraviolet rays is arranged as a polarizer. In order to irradiate the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, the liquid crystal display device may further include a light source that emits light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays 20b. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element is not arranged). This polarizing plate O-UVP70a has a function of polarizing only ultraviolet light vibrating in a specific direction to transmit ultraviolet light, and transmitting visible light in the state of incident light. That is, the polarizing plate O-UVP70a has a function of polarizing ultraviolet rays while showing high transmittance of light in the visible light region. The polarized light-emitting element 10a absorbing the ultraviolet rays polarized and transmitted by the polarizing plate O-UVP70a displays polarized light emission, and uses the polarized light emission to display an image. Since visible light penetrates the polarizer O-UVP70a, the displayed image can be observed through the polarizer O-UVP70a. In the display device shown in FIG. 6, since the polarized light emission from the polarized light-emitting element 10a also penetrates the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not arranged, no matter which side of the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a and the polarized light-emitting element 10a is emitted, The displayed image can be observed.

In addition to the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the display device shown in FIG. 7 may further include a visible light absorbing element 40a such as a black film on the lower side of the polarized light emitting element 10a. The display device shown in FIG. 7 having this configuration is the same as the display device shown in FIG. 3 , and can display an image with improved contrast. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, in addition to the configuration shown in FIG. 6, a display device further including a light reflection layer 50 on the lower side of the polarized light-emitting element 10a is also shown. The display device shown in FIG. 8 having this configuration can display a bright image similarly to the display device shown in FIG. 4 .

The liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 9 is provided between the polarized light-emitting element 10a and the light reflection layer 50 constituting the display device shown in FIG. 8, and further includes a quarter wave plate 61 of a retardation plate as a light control layer . Thereby, the display device shown in FIG. 9 can suppress the generation of double images on the display and can display a bright image.

Another embodiment of the display device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, for example, includes a polarized light-emitting element 10a, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarized light-emitting element 10a, and one side of the liquid crystal cell 30 irradiated with ultraviolet rays 20b The polarizing plate V+UVP70b with the function of polarizing both ultraviolet and visible light on the surface side is used as a polarizing plate; light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet 20b, is irradiated from the polarizing plate V+UVP70b side. In order to irradiate the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays 20b. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element is not arranged). The ultraviolet ray 20b is polarized by the polarizing plate V+UVP70b, and the polarized light emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by the polarized ultraviolet light, and displays an image by using the polarized light emission. Since the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b polarizes ultraviolet light and visible light to penetrate, when the polarized light-emitting element 10a absorbs the polarized ultraviolet light, it displays polarized light emission in the visible light region. Thereby, the displayed image can be observed from either side of the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b or the polarized light-emitting element 10a.

The display device shown in FIG. 11 may further include a visible light absorbing element 40a such as a black film on the lower side of the polarized light emitting element 10a in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 10 . The display device shown in Fig. 11 having this configuration is the same as the display device shown in Figs. 3 and 7, and can display images with improved contrast. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 10, a light reflection layer 50 is further provided on the lower side of the polarized light-emitting element 10a. The display device shown in Fig. 12 having this configuration can display a bright image similarly to the display device shown in Figs. 4 and 8.

In addition, the display device shown in FIG. 13, in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 12, further includes a quarter wave plate 61 as a retardation plate between the polarized light-emitting element 10a and the light reflection layer 50. light control layer. Thereby, the display device shown in FIG. 13 can suppress the generation of double images on the display and can display a bright image.

Another embodiment of the display device constituting the present invention is further provided with: a liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate O-UVP for polarizing ultraviolet light, a polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light, and a polarizing plate for transmitting ultraviolet light. A display device of at least one polarizer in the group consisting of a UV-transmitting polarizer and a UV-non-transmitting polarizer that does not transmit ultraviolet rays; the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element. One of the preferred embodiments of the display device (liquid crystal display device) is that one polarizing plate has an absorption axis in a direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element. By arranging the absorption axis of the polarizing plate in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element, a high-brightness display device can be provided.

This display device is, for example, shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, and includes, as a polarizer, a UV-transmitting polarizer including a polarizer that transmits light in an ultraviolet region. The display device of this embodiment includes a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing light-emitting element as a polarizing element. Light containing at least ultraviolet rays is irradiated from one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarizing light-emitting element is arranged on the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and is located on the other side of the liquid crystal cell. The polarized light-emitting element and the liquid crystal cell are arranged between the polarized light-emitting element and the liquid crystal cell, and a UV-transmitting polarizing plate, which allows ultraviolet rays to penetrate, is used as a polarizing plate. In addition, the light containing at least ultraviolet rays is light containing polarized ultraviolet rays or visible light and ultraviolet rays, and the UV penetrating polarizer has an absorption axis in a direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element. The absorption of ultraviolet rays through the UV penetration polarizer is small, so that the ultraviolet rays can penetrate. The function of no or almost no penetration of visible light on the same axis as the absorption axis of the UV-penetrating polarizer. The wavelength of the ultraviolet rays penetrating the UV and penetrating the polarizing plate is below 430 nm, preferably 300-420 nm, and particularly preferably 350-400 nm. In addition, the penetration rate of ultraviolet rays is preferably 20 to 100%, more preferably 30 to 100%, more preferably 40 to 100%, and particularly preferably 50 to 100%. In general, the upper limit of the wavelength of ultraviolet rays is basically 400 nm or less, but since the visual sensitivity of light with a wavelength of 430 nm or less is remarkably low, the light having the same performance as ultraviolet rays is set to 430 nm or less.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 14 includes a polarized light emitting element 10a, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarized light emitting element 10a, and a UV transmissive polarizer 70c between the polarized light emitting element 10a and the liquid crystal cell 30. The polarized light emitting element 10a is arranged so that the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the UV transmission polarizer 70c are perpendicular to each other, and the polarized ultraviolet ray 20a is irradiated from the liquid crystal cell 30 side. In order to irradiate the polarized ultraviolet rays 20a, the display device may further include a light source that emits the polarized ultraviolet rays 20a. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell 30 (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element 10a is not arranged). The polarized ultraviolet rays 20a pass through the liquid crystal cell 30 and penetrate the UV rays through the polarizing plate 70c, and the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by the ultraviolet rays after the penetration. Since the polarization axis of the polarized light emission is an axis that is different from the absorption axis of the UV transmission polarizer 70c by 90°, the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a is arranged orthogonal to the absorption axis of the UV transmission polarizer 70c. , the polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a can be transmitted through the UV-transmitting polarizer 70c, and an image can be displayed by using the polarized light after the penetration. In the display device shown in FIG. 14, since the polarized light emission from the polarized light-emitting element 10a also penetrates the side where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not arranged, it can be transmitted from either side of the liquid crystal cell 30 or the polarized light-emitting element 10a. Observe the displayed image.

In the display device shown in FIG. 15, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 14, light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays is irradiated instead of polarized ultraviolet rays 20a. That is, the ultraviolet rays of natural light can be used. In order to utilize the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell 30 (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element 10a is not arranged). In this display device, in order to make the polarized light incident on the liquid crystal cell 30, a polarizing plate V+UVP70b is provided on the liquid crystal cell 30, and the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays is polarized by the polarizing plate V+UVP70b, and the polarized light contains visible light. Among the ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet rays penetrate the UV rays and penetrate the polarizing plate 70c, and the polarized light emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by the penetrated ultraviolet rays. Since the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a is orthogonal to the absorption axis of the UV transmission polarizer 70c, the polarized light emission penetrates the UV transmission polarizer 70c, and the transmitted polarized light emission is used to display an image. Since the polarizer V+UVP70b polarizes visible light and penetrates, the displayed image can be observed through the polarizer V+UVP70b. The display device shown in Fig. 15 is the same as that shown in Fig. 14, and the displayed image can be observed from either side of the polarizer V+UVP 70b or the polarized light-emitting element 10a. With the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 15, an image when light in the ultraviolet region is used and an image when light in the visible light region is used can be displayed separately. That is, by selecting a light source for irradiating visible light or a light source for irradiating ultraviolet rays, a self-luminous liquid crystal display or a light transmission type display can be switched.

The display device shown in FIG. 16 may further include a visible light absorbing element 40a such as a black film on the lower side of the polarized light emitting element 10a in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 15 . Therefore, the display device shown in FIG. 16 having this configuration is the same as the display device shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 7 , and FIG. 11 , and can display images with improved contrast. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 15, a light reflection layer 50 is further provided on the lower side of the polarized light-emitting element 10a. The display device shown in Fig. 17 having this configuration can display a bright image similarly to Fig. 4, Fig. 8, and Fig. 12.

In addition, the polarizing element used as a polarizing light-emitting element in the present invention can also be used in a display device using light containing at least ultraviolet rays as a backlight, as shown in Figs. 18 to 21, for example. The display device of this embodiment further includes a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet rays and visible light, and a polarizing light-emitting element as a polarizing element. In addition, light (natural light) containing polarized ultraviolet light or visible light and ultraviolet light is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. The polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side. With the structure of the display device (liquid crystal display device), the polarized light that the polarized light-emitting element emits by absorbing light in the ultraviolet region of the light including polarized ultraviolet light or visible light and ultraviolet light, and the polarized light obtained by passing through the polarizing plate V+UVP, It can be obtained by using light in different wavelength regions.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 18 includes a polarized light emitting element 10a, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarized light emitting element 10a, and a polarizer V+UVP 70b laminated on the liquid crystal cell 30; and polarized light is irradiated from the side of the polarized light emitting element 10a UV 20a. In order to irradiate the polarized ultraviolet rays 20a, the display device may further include a light source that emits the polarized ultraviolet rays 20a. At this time, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell (the surface side on which the polarized light-emitting element 10a is arranged). The polarized light-emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by irradiating the polarized ultraviolet light 20a, and displays an image using the polarized light emission. Since the polarizer V+UVP70b polarizes visible light and penetrates, the displayed image can be observed through the polarizer V+UVP70b. The polarizing plate V+UVP70b can be arranged so that the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate V+UVP70b can be coaxially arranged, or arranged orthogonally, and the polarizing plate V+UVP70b can easily polarize the light from the polarizing light-emitting element 10a. From the point of light transmission, the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP 70b and the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a are preferably arranged orthogonally.

In the display device shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 18, light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light is irradiated instead of polarized ultraviolet light 20a. That is, the ultraviolet rays contained in natural light can be utilized. In addition, in order to irradiate the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. At this time, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell 30 (the surface side on which the polarized light-emitting element 10a is arranged). In this display device, a UV transmissive polarizer 70c, a UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d, or another polarizer V+UVP 70b' can be further arranged between the polarized light-emitting element 10a and the liquid crystal cell 30 as other polarizers, and the polarized light The polarization axis of the light-emitting element is arranged to be orthogonal to the absorption axis of these other polarizers.

In the display device shown in FIG. 19, a UV transmissive polarizer 70c is disposed between the liquid crystal cell 30 and the polarized light emitting element 10a, and the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the UV transmissive polarizer 70c are arranged on different axes , for example, arranged orthogonally. When the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays is irradiated on the polarized light emitting element 10a, the polarized light emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by the ultraviolet rays from the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. Since the polarization axis of the polarized light emission is an axis orthogonal to the absorption axis of the UV transmission polarizer 70c, the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the UV transmission polarizer 70c can be arranged orthogonally. The polarized light emission from the polarized light emitting element 10a penetrates the UV and penetrates the polarizing plate 70c, and the polarized light emission after the penetration is used to display an image. By UV penetration of the polarizing plate 70c, the polarized light in the visible light region emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a can be polarized light having a higher degree of polarization. Since the visible light with high polarization can be controlled by the polarizer V+UVP70b, the displayed image can be observed through the polarizer V+UVP70b.

In the display device shown in FIG. 20, a UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d is disposed between the liquid crystal cell 30 and the polarized light-emitting element 10a, and the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a is perpendicular to the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d ground configuration. The UV non-transmissive polarizing plate 70d used in this embodiment can be a general polarizing plate used in ordinary liquid crystal display devices and the like, and has the function of blocking ultraviolet rays. Therefore, the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate 70d does not transmit ultraviolet rays, and the visible light incident coaxially with the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate 70d is polarized and penetrated, but the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate 70d may have a The absorption axis of the coaxial incident visible light does not penetrate or almost does not penetrate the function. When the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays is irradiated on the polarized light emitting element 10a, the polarized light emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by the ultraviolet rays from the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. Since the polarization axis of the polarized light emission is an axis orthogonal to the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d, the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d are arranged orthogonally, The polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a can be transmitted through the UV non-transmission polarizing plate 70d, and an image can be displayed by using the polarized light after the penetration. Since the polarizing plate V+UVP70b can control the polarized light in the visible light region, the display image formed by the liquid crystal cell 30 can be observed through the polarizing plate V+UVP70b.

In the display device shown in FIG. 21, a polarizer V+UVP70b' is further provided between the liquid crystal cell 30 and the polarized light-emitting element 10a, and the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a is orthogonal to the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP70b' configuration. The polarizer V+UVP70b' can be the same as or different from the polarizer V+UVP70b laminated on the liquid crystal cell 30, as long as it has the same function as the polarizer V+UVP70b, it is not particularly limited. When the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays is irradiated on the polarized light emitting element 10a, the polarized light emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by the ultraviolet rays from the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. Since the polarization axis of the polarized light emission is an axis orthogonal to the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP70b', the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP70b' are arranged orthogonally, so that the The polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a passes through the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b', and an image is displayed using the polarized light after the penetration. Since the polarizer V+UVP70b disposed on the liquid crystal cell 30 can control the polarized light in the visible light region, the displayed image can be observed through the polarizer V+UVP70b. In addition, in the display device having this configuration, by further including a device capable of detecting ultraviolet rays, not only light in the visible light region but also light in the ultraviolet region can be recognized or detected, so that it can be used as a visible light region. A display device for light in the ultraviolet region and light in the ultraviolet region.

In addition, the polarizing element used as the polarizing light-emitting element in the present invention, as shown in Figs. 22 to 26, can not only use light containing at least ultraviolet rays as a backlight, but also can be used to suppress the light emitted toward the viewing side. UV display device. The display device of this embodiment includes a liquid crystal cell and a polarized light-emitting element as a polarizing element, and light containing at least ultraviolet rays is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell. In addition, the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the other surface side of the liquid crystal cell, and on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light, a polarizing plate V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light, or polarizes ultraviolet light and passes through The polarizing plate O-UVP that transmits visible light directly. Furthermore, on the surface side of the polarized light-emitting element where the liquid crystal cell is not arranged, an ultraviolet absorbing element is provided, and a UV non-transmissive polarizer having an absorption axis in a direction coaxial or orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element is provided. , or another polarizer O-UVP having an absorption axis in a direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element. In addition, the light containing at least ultraviolet rays may be light containing visible light and ultraviolet rays (natural light).

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 22 includes a polarizer V+UVP70b, a liquid crystal cell 30 stacked on the polarizer V+UVP70b, a polarized light-emitting element 10a stacked on the liquid crystal cell 30, and a polarized light-emitting element 10a stacked on the polarized light-emitting element 10a. Ultraviolet absorbing element 40b; and irradiating light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays from the polarizing plate V+UVP70b side. In order to irradiate the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell 30 (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element 10a is not arranged). When the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light is polarized by the polarizing plate V+UVP70b, the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission by the ultraviolet light from the polarized light containing visible light and ultraviolet light, and uses the polarized light to emit light. Display the image. Since the polarized light-emitting element 10a also has the function of polarizing and penetrating the unabsorbed ultraviolet light, among the ultraviolet rays from the light source 20c, the ultraviolet light that is not absorbed by the polarizing light-emitting element 10a can be polarized and penetrated by the polarizing light-emitting element 10a. By absorbing the transmitted ultraviolet rays by the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b such as an ultraviolet absorbing film, the ultraviolet rays emitted toward the viewing side can be suppressed. In addition, by using the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b, not only the ultraviolet rays passing through the polarized light emitting element 10a can be absorbed, but also the ultraviolet rays which may be incident from the outside of the display device can be prevented from being absorbed. In the display device shown in FIG. 22, the polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a also passes through the liquid crystal cell 30 and passes through the polarizer V+UVP 70b. Therefore, the observer can not only observe the displayed image from either side of the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b and the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b, but also can prevent the adverse effects of ultraviolet rays on the eyes.

The display device shown in FIG. 23, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 22, includes a UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d' having an absorption axis in a direction coaxial with the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a instead of the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b. 22, the polarized light-emitting element 10a exhibits polarized light emission by the ultraviolet light from the light 20c including visible light and ultraviolet light that is polarized through the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b, and an image is displayed using the polarized light emission. In the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d' used in this embodiment, although the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d' are arranged coaxially, it is designed so that the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d' On the absorption axis of the plate 70d', the polarized light emitting element 10a has little absorption of the polarized light emission or can only transmit the wavelength of the light emitted by the polarized light emitting element 10a. In this way, the polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a passes through the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d', and the displayed image can be observed through the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d'. On the other hand, since the UV non-transmitting polarizing plate 70d' has the function of blocking ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet rays from the light source 20c are not absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element 10a but are polarized and penetrated by the polarized light-emitting element 10a. It is cut off by the UV non-transmitting polarizing plate 70d'. Thereby, ultraviolet rays emitted toward the viewing side can be suppressed. In addition, the polarized light emission from the polarized light-emitting element 10a can be adjusted by using a compound as a dichroic dye, as described later, to adjust the emission color, the wavelength dependence of the amount of the emitted light, and the like. Therefore, even if the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d' is coaxial with the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a, the wavelength and transmittance of the light absorbed by the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d' can be adjusted to make the The light emission color from the polarized light emitting element 10a is changed through the UV non-transmission polarizer 70d'. Thereby, a color different from the original emission color emitted by the polarized light-emitting element 10a can be observed.

In the display device shown in FIG. 24, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 22, a UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d having an absorption axis in a direction perpendicular to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a is provided. instead of the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b. 22, the polarized light-emitting element 10a exhibits polarized light emission by the ultraviolet light from the light 20c including visible light and ultraviolet light that is polarized through the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b, and an image is displayed using the polarized light emission. In this embodiment, since the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element 10a and the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d are arranged orthogonally, the polarized light emission from the polarized light emitting element 10a passes through the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d. Therefore, the displayed image can be observed through the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d. On the other hand, since the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate 70d has the function of blocking ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet rays from the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays are not absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element 10a and pass through the polarized light-emitting element 10a. The transmitted ultraviolet rays are cut off by the UV non-transmitting polarizer 70d. Thereby, ultraviolet rays emitted toward the viewing side can be suppressed.

In the display device shown in Fig. 25 and Fig. 26, in the structure of the display device shown in Fig. 22, the polarizer O-UVP is arranged instead of the polarizer V+UVP. In addition, on the surface side of the polarized light emitting element where the liquid crystal cell is not arranged, an ultraviolet absorbing film or another polarizing plate O-UVP having an absorption axis in a direction coaxial with the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting element is provided. In this embodiment, ultraviolet rays 20b are irradiated instead of the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. In order to irradiate the ultraviolet rays 20b, the display device may further include a light source that emits the ultraviolet rays 20b. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell 30 (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element 10a is not arranged).

The display device shown in FIG. 25 includes a polarizing plate O-UVP70a, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarizing plate O-UVP70a, a polarizing light-emitting element 10a laminated on the liquid crystal cell 30, and a polarizing light-emitting element 10a laminated on the polarizing light-emitting element 10a. Ultraviolet absorbing element 40b. The ultraviolet rays 20b are polarized by the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a, and the polarized ultraviolet rays are absorbed relative to the absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a. Thereby, the polarized light-emitting element 10a is caused to display polarized light emission, and an image is displayed using the polarized light emission. Since visible light penetrates the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b, the displayed image can be observed through the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b. The polarized light-emitting element 10a also has a function of polarizing and transmitting unabsorbed ultraviolet rays. Therefore, among the irradiated ultraviolet rays 20b, the ultraviolet rays that are not absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element 10a can be transmitted through the polarized light of the polarized light-emitting element 10a. The ultraviolet rays after penetrating the polarized light-emitting element 10a are absorbed by the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b such as an ultraviolet absorbing film, thereby suppressing the ultraviolet rays from the backlight emitted toward the viewing side. In addition, by using the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b, not only the ultraviolet rays passing through the polarized light emitting element 10a can be absorbed, but also the ultraviolet rays which may be incident from the outside of the display device can be prevented from being absorbed. In the display device shown in FIG. 25, the polarized light emitted from the visible light region of the polarized light-emitting element 10a also passes through the liquid crystal cell 30 and passes through the polarizer O-UVP 70a. Therefore, the observer can not only observe the displayed image from either side of the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a and the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b, but also can prevent the adverse effects of ultraviolet rays on the eyes. In addition, in the display device shown in FIG. 25, there is no generation and absorption of light in the visible light region except for the polarized light emission from the visible light region of the polarized light-emitting element 10a, so that a liquid crystal with high transparency in the visible light region can be obtained. monitor.

The display device shown in FIG. 26 includes a polarizing plate O-UVP70a, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarizing plate O-UVP70a, a polarizing light-emitting element 10a laminated on the liquid crystal cell 30, and a polarizing light-emitting element 10a laminated on the polarizing light-emitting element 10a. Another polarizing plate O-UVP70a'; the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a is arranged coaxially with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate O-UVP70a'. This polarizing plate O-UVP70a' may be the same as or different from the polarizing plate O-UVP70a, as long as it has the same function as the polarizing plate O-UVP70a, it is not particularly limited. The ultraviolet rays 20b are polarized by the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a, and the polarized ultraviolet rays are absorbed relative to the absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a. Thereby, the polarized light-emitting element 10a is caused to display polarized light emission, and an image is displayed using the polarized light emission. Since visible light penetrates the polarizer O-UVP70a', the displayed image can be observed through the polarizer O-UVP70a'. In addition, the polarized light-emitting element 10a also has a function of polarizing and transmitting unabsorbed ultraviolet rays. Therefore, among the irradiated ultraviolet rays 20b, the ultraviolet rays that are not absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element 10a are polarized and penetrated by the polarized light-emitting element 10a. On the other hand, since the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting element 10a is coaxial with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a', the ultraviolet rays from the light source 20b that penetrate the polarizing light-emitting element 10a are absorbed by the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a'. absorbed on the shaft. Thereby, ultraviolet rays emitted toward the viewing side can be suppressed.

In addition, as another embodiment, the display device shown in FIGS. 27 to 31 has a structure with a liquid crystal cell 30 and adopts a liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet rays that can display images and the like on the display by means of ultraviolet rays, and can use A structure of two types of liquid crystal cells (two-cell structure) of the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light that displays an image or the like on a display by visible light. 27 to 31 are schematic views showing the structure of the display device. In the display device shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, in the structure of the display device shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the liquid crystal cell has a two-cell structure of a liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet light and a liquid crystal cell for visible light. The ultraviolet rays from the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays which are polarized and transmitted through the polarizing plate V+UVP70b are controlled by the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet rays to display an image. The visible light from the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays that is polarized through the polarizing plate V+UVP70b and penetrated, and the polarized light emission in the visible light region from the polarized light-emitting element 10a, are displayed by controlling the polarized light by the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light. image.

The display device shown in Figs. 29 to 31 shows that the liquid crystal cell is a two-cell structure, and can be viewed or detected from both sides of the display device. In Fig. 29, light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light is irradiated from a light source including a light source for visible light emitting visible light and a light source for ultraviolet light emitting ultraviolet light singly or independently. The ultraviolet rays are emitted from the light source, and the ultraviolet rays that are polarized and transmitted through the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a are controlled by the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b to display images. In addition, after passing through the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet rays, ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the polarized light-emitting element 10a, so that the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission. On the other hand, the visible light emitted from the light source, the visible light transmitted through the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a, and the polarized light emission in the visible light region from the polarized light-emitting element 10a are controlled by the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light to display the image. picture. The polarized light controlled by the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light can be observed through the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d. In the display device shown in FIG. 29, the polarized light emitted in the visible light region from the polarized light emitting element 10a also passes through the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b and passes through the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a. Therefore, the image controlled by the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light can be observed from either side of the UV non-transmitting polarizing plate 70d or the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a. In addition, in the display device shown in FIG. 29, the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light and the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet rays are arrange|positioned through the polarized light emitting element 10a. The polarizing plate O-UVP 70a polarizes ultraviolet rays, and controls the polarization by the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b. When the controlled ultraviolet light is absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element 10a, the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission in the visible light region. On the other hand, when the controlled ultraviolet light is not absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element 10a and penetrates the polarized light-emitting element 10a, the polarized light-emitting element 10a emits polarized light. Element 10a does not exhibit light emission. In addition, the polarized light emission in the visible light region is controlled by the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a, and the controlled polarized light emission can be transmitted by the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d to display an image. Thereby, different images can be provided on the side of the UV non-transmitting polarizer 70d and on the side of the polarizer O-UVP 70a.

In Fig. 30, light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light is irradiated from a light source including a visible light light source for emitting visible light and a light source for ultraviolet light for emitting ultraviolet light either alone or independently. The ultraviolet rays are emitted from the light source, and the ultraviolet rays that are polarized and transmitted through the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a are controlled by the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b to display images. In addition, after passing through the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet rays, ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the polarized light-emitting element 10a, so that the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays polarized light emission. On the other hand, by emitting visible light from the light source, the visible light penetrating through the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a, and the polarized light emission in the visible light region from the polarizing light-emitting element 10a, the UV penetrates the polarizing plate 70c and passes through the liquid crystal for visible light. The unit 30a controls the polarized light to display an image. The image displayed by the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light can be observed through the UV non-transmitting polarizer 70d. In the display device shown in FIG. 30, the polarized light emitted in the visible light region from the polarized light emitting element 10a also passes through the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b and passes through the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a. Therefore, the image displayed by the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light can be observed from either side of the UV non-transmitting polarizing plate 70d or the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a. In addition, in the display device shown in FIG. 30, the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light and the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet light are arranged through the polarized light emitting element 10a. Since the polarized light-emitting element 10a also has the function of polarizing and penetrating the unabsorbed ultraviolet light, among the ultraviolet rays from the light source 20c, the ultraviolet light that is not absorbed by the polarizing light-emitting element 10a is polarized and transmitted by the polarizing light-emitting element 10a. . After penetrating the polarized light-emitting element 10a, the ultraviolet rays further penetrate the UV penetrating polarizing plate 70c, and are irradiated on the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate 70d through the visible light using the liquid crystal cell 30a. On the other hand, the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element 10a is arranged to be orthogonal to the absorption axis of the UV non-transmitting polarizer 70d. Therefore, the ultraviolet rays from the light source 20c that penetrate the polarized light emitting element 10a are absorbed on the absorption axis of the UV non-transmitting polarizer 70d. In this way, by controlling the polarization of the ultraviolet light from the light source in the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b, and controlling the polarization light emission from the polarized light emitting element 10a and the polarization of the visible light from the light source in the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a, it is possible to make the light source emit ultraviolet rays. Different images are displayed. Thereby, different images can be provided on the side of the UV non-transmitting polarizer 70d and on the side of the polarizer O-UVP 70a.

In Fig. 31, light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light is irradiated from a light source including a visible light source for emitting visible light and a light source for ultraviolet light for emitting ultraviolet light, either alone or independently. By emitting ultraviolet rays from the light source, the ultraviolet rays penetrate the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light and the two UV-transmitting polarizers 70c and are irradiated on the polarizer O-UVP70a, and then the ultraviolet rays that penetrate through the polarizer O-UVP70a are polarized by The liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet light is used to control polarization and display an image. In addition, the polarized light-emitting element 10a is irradiated with ultraviolet light after being transmitted by the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet light through polarization control. When the polarized light is irradiated with light having the same axis as the absorption axis of the ultraviolet region of the polarized light-emitting element 10a, the polarized light is irradiated. The light-emitting element 10a exhibits polarized light emission. The polarized light emitted from the visible light region of the polarized light-emitting element 10a respectively penetrates the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b and the polarizing plate O-UVP70a, and penetrates the polarizing plate through the UV disposed between the polarizing plate O-UVP70a and the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a. 70c polarized light and penetrate. The polarized visible light that has penetrated is used to display an image by controlling the polarized light by the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a. Since the visible light after being polarized by the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a is transmitted through the UV transmissive polarizer 70c disposed on the outermost side of the display device, the displayed image can be observed. On the other hand, by emitting visible light from a light source, the visible light penetrates the polarizing plate 70c by UV to form polarized light in the visible light region, and is used to display an image by controlling the polarized light by the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a. The visible light after passing through the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light is polarized and transmitted by the UV transmissive polarizer 70c disposed between the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a and the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light. Furthermore, the transmitted visible light passes through the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a, the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b, and the polarized light-emitting element 10a. Therefore, the display image displayed by the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light can be observed through the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b. On the other hand, since the polarized light-emitting element 10a also has the function of polarizing and penetrating the unabsorbed ultraviolet light, among the ultraviolet rays from the light source 20c, the ultraviolet light that is not absorbed by the polarized light-emitting element 10a passes through the polarized light-emitting element 10a. Polarized light penetrates. The ultraviolet rays passing through the polarized light emitting element 10a are absorbed by the ultraviolet absorbing element 40b. Therefore, the image displayed on the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet rays can also be observed from the side of the UV transmissive polarizer 70c. In this way, by making the light source emit ultraviolet light, the light source 20c in the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b uses ultraviolet light, and the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a uses the polarized light emission from the polarized light emitting element 10a and the light in the visible light region of the light source, so that different displays can be displayed. Image. Thereby, different images can be provided on the side of the UV-transmitting polarizer 70c and the side of the UV-absorbing element 40b.

Another embodiment of the display device of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 32 to 45, is a display device including a polarization control element as a polarization element. The polarizing element used in the present invention also has the function of polarizing ultraviolet rays. The following describes a display device capable of displaying images and the like on a display by utilizing the function of controlling ultraviolet rays by polarizing light. In addition, this means that a polarizing element in a state in which polarized light emission is extremely weak or no polarized light emission is observed can be used as a polarization control element that controls the polarization of light in at least an ultraviolet region among light containing at least ultraviolet rays. The display device of this embodiment includes a liquid crystal cell and a polarization control element as a polarization element. In addition, an embodiment of the display device provided with the polarization control element further includes a polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet and visible light, and a UV transmissive polarizing plate for transmitting ultraviolet light, or further includes at least two The polarizing plate V+UVP contains visible light and ultraviolet light (natural light) irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell. In order to irradiate the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays. In addition, the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, the polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light containing visible light and ultraviolet light, and the polarization control element without the liquid crystal cell is arranged A UV transmissive polarizer is arranged on the surface side of the element, or a polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the side of one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light, and the polarizer control element is arranged on the side where the liquid crystal cell is not arranged. There is a polarizer V+UVP on the other side. Furthermore, the UV penetration polarizer or the polarizer V+UVP on the other side has an absorption axis in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarization control element, especially in the orthogonal direction. By making the display device have this configuration, the visible light from the light containing visible light and ultraviolet rays can be controlled by each polarizing plate, that is, the polarizing plate V+UVP and UV penetrate the polarizing plate, on the other hand, the visible light from the light containing visible light and In the ultraviolet light of ultraviolet light, the polarization can be controlled by the polarization control element, so that the light can be controlled in each wavelength region. Thereby, even if the polarization control element having the function of controlling ultraviolet rays to be polarized is used as the polarization element, an image can be displayed similarly to the display device including the polarization light-emitting element as the polarization element.

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 32 includes a UV transmissive polarizer 70c, a polarization control element 10b laminated on the UV transmissive polarizer 70c, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarization control element 10b, and a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarization control element 10b. The polarizing plate V+UVP70b on the top; the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays is irradiated from the side of the UV-transmitting polarizing plate 70c. The UV transmissive polarizer 70c is arranged so that the polarization axis of the polarization control element 10b and the absorption axis of the UV transmissive polarizer 70c are different (for example, perpendicular to each other). Ultraviolet light and visible light from light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light are polarized by polarizing plate V+UVP70b to penetrate. In the polarized light after transmission, the ultraviolet rays are polarized by the polarization control element 10b, and on the other hand, visible light is used in the image display of the liquid crystal cell 30 and directly penetrates the polarization control element 10b. In order to prevent the visible light that directly penetrates the polarization control element 10b from being absorbed by the UV transmission polarizer 70c, the polarization axis of the polarization control element 10b and the absorption axis of the UV transmission polarizer 70c are different, for example, arranged in an orthogonal manner. UV penetrates the polarizing plate 70c. Thereby, the visible light after passing through the polarization control element 10b can pass through the UV and pass through the polarizing plate 70c. On the other hand, the polarized ultraviolet rays from the polarization control element 10b directly penetrate the UV and penetrate the polarizing plate 70c. Therefore, in the display device shown in FIG. 32, since the light 20c including visible light and ultraviolet light has a backlight function, it can be used as a transmissive liquid crystal display device to observe images from the side of the UV transmissive polarizer 70c. In addition, the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays as a backlight can be irradiated from the side of the UV-transmitting polarizer 70c, and images can be observed from the side of the polarizer V+UVP 70b as a transmissive liquid crystal display device.

The display device shown in FIG. 33 has an additional polarizer V+UVP 70b ′ in place of the UV transmissive polarizer 70c in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 32 . In the display device shown in FIG. 33, the polarizer V+UVP70b' is arranged so that the polarization axis of the polarization control element 10b and the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP70b' are different. Ultraviolet light and visible light from light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light are polarized by polarizing plate V+UVP70b to penetrate. In the polarized light after transmission, the ultraviolet rays are polarized by the polarization control element 10b. On the other hand, the visible light is used for image display by controlling the polarization by the liquid crystal cell 30, and directly penetrates the polarization control element 10b. In order to prevent the visible light that directly penetrates the polarization control element 10b from being absorbed by the polarizer V+UVP70b', the polarization axis of the polarization control element 10b and the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP70b' are different, for example, arranged in an orthogonal manner. Polarizer V+UVP70b'. Thereby, the visible light after passing through the polarization control element 10b can pass through the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b'. On the other hand, the polarized ultraviolet rays from the polarization control element 10b also directly penetrate the polarizer V+UVP 70b'. Therefore, in the display device shown in FIG. 33, since the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light has the function of backlight, it can be viewed from the side of the polarizer V+UVP70b' as a transmissive liquid crystal display device through the liquid crystal cell 30 Images displayed with polarization control. In addition, the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet light as a backlight can be irradiated from the side of the polarizer V+UVP70b', and an image can be observed from the side of the polarizer V+UVP70b as a transmissive liquid crystal display device.

The display device shown in FIG. 34 further includes a light reflection layer 50 on the lower side of the UV transmissive polarizer 70c in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 32 . As a result, the display device shown in FIG. 34 has a backlight function including visible light and ultraviolet light 20c, and thus can be used as a transmissive liquid crystal display device to observe images from the polarizer V+UVP70b side.

The display device shown in FIG. 35 further includes a light absorbing layer 40 on the lower side of the UV transmissive polarizer 70c in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 32 . The light absorbing layer 40 can be a layer with various hues, such as red, blue, yellow, black, and further a film, plate, etc. with bright colors like pastel, or a phosphor that absorbs specific wavelengths (for example, Ultraviolet rays) and emit light in the visible region of the film, plate, etc. Therefore, the display device shown in FIG. 35 has the function of front light including visible light and ultraviolet light 20c, so the displayed image can be observed from the polarizer V+UVP70b side as a reflective liquid crystal display device.

In addition, as another embodiment, in the display device shown in FIGS. 36 to 39, in the structure of the display device shown in FIGS. 32 to 35, the structure having the liquid crystal cell 30 adopts an ultraviolet A two-cell structure of a liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet rays that can display images and the like and a liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light that can display images and the like by visible light. 36 to 39 are schematic views showing the structure of the display device. In the display device shown in Fig. 36 to Fig. 39, the ultraviolet rays from the light 20c containing visible light and ultraviolet rays transmitted through the polarizing plate V+UVP70b polarized light are used in the display of the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b, on the other hand , the visible light from the visible light 20c including visible light and ultraviolet light passing through the polarizing plate V+UVP70b and the visible light reflected by the light reflection layer 50 are respectively used in the image display of the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a. In the display device shown in FIGS. 36 to 39, since the two-cell structure is adopted, images formed by the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet light and the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light can be displayed as separate images. . In addition, in the display device shown in FIGS. 36 to 39, the order of the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b and the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a is not limited, and the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b and the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a may be reversed respectively. ground configuration.

In addition, other implementations of the display device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 40 to FIG. 45, are display devices (liquid crystal display devices) that can control the transmission and non-transmission of light in various wavelength regions of ultraviolet and visible light. device) configuration. The display device of this embodiment includes a liquid crystal cell, a polarization control element serving as a polarization element, and a polarizer V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light, and irradiates light obtained by polarizing both ultraviolet and visible light. In order to irradiate light obtained by polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light, the display device may further include a light source that emits light obtained by polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light. In addition, the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side of the liquid crystal cell where the polarization control element is not arranged. There are absorption axes in different directions. For example, when the absorption axes of the polarizers for ultraviolet and visible light are orthogonally arranged, and the polarization of the light is controlled by the liquid crystal cell, it is possible to control whether or not the penetration of the polarized light of the ultraviolet light is present or weak. That is to say, when the penetration of the polarized light in the ultraviolet region and the polarized light in the visible light region is carried out with different axes of 90°, the penetration axis of the ultraviolet light and the transmission axis of the visible light can be controlled by different axes respectively. The amount of light transmitted, so the light of each independent wavelength region can be used for display.

FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 40 includes a polarizer V+UVP70b, a polarization control element 10b laminated on the polarizer V+UVP70b, and a liquid crystal laminated on the polarization control element 10b and capable of controlling each polarization axis of ultraviolet and visible light unit 30c. In addition, the polarizer V+UVP 70b is arranged so that the polarization axis of the polarization control element 10b and the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP 70b are different. When the light 20d after polarizing both the ultraviolet and visible light is irradiated from the side of the ultraviolet/visible light switching liquid crystal cell 30c, the polarization of the light in the ultraviolet region is controlled by the ultraviolet/visible light switching liquid crystal cell 30c, and is polarized by the polarization control element 10b . Thereby, the amount of light transmitted by the polarized ultraviolet rays from the light 20d after polarizing both the ultraviolet rays and the visible light can be controlled. Since the polarized ultraviolet rays from the polarization control element 10b are orthogonal to the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP 70b, the polarization axis of the polarization control element 10b and the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP 70b are arranged not coaxial, for example, orthogonally arranged. Thereby, the polarized ultraviolet rays from the polarization control element 10b can penetrate the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b. On the other hand, the polarized visible light from the light 20d after polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light, controls the polarization of the light in the visible light region by the ultraviolet/visible light switching liquid crystal cell 30c, and thus directly penetrates the polarization control element 10b with this amount of light. Furthermore, the visible light that passes through the polarization control element 10b and is controlled by the polarization is absorbed by the polarizer V+UVP70b and does not penetrate when the absorption axis of the polarizer V+UVP70b is coaxial. When the axis is orthogonal, it is not absorbed by the polarizer V+UVP70b and can penetrate. Accordingly, in the display device shown in FIG. 40, the light 20d obtained by polarizing both the ultraviolet light and the visible light has a backlight function. Therefore, as a transmissive liquid crystal display device, the image formed by the ultraviolet/visible light switching liquid crystal cell 30c can be observed from the polarizer V+UVP70b side. In addition, the light 20d after polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light can be irradiated from the side of the polarizing plate V+UVP70b as a backlight, and the displayed light can be observed from the side of the ultraviolet/visible light switching liquid crystal cell 30c as a transmissive liquid crystal display device. image. The display device can realize the polarization control of light in the visible light region and the polarization control of light in the ultraviolet region at the same time, and can control the transmission/non-transmission of light in each wavelength region, so it can be applied to control the transmission/shading of ultraviolet light, for example. the UV sensor.

The display device shown in FIG. 41 further includes a light reflection layer 50 on the lower side of the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 40 . In this way, the display device shown in Fig. 40 has the function of backlighting the light 20d obtained by polarizing both the ultraviolet light and the visible light. Therefore, by controlling the polarized light in the visible light region and the polarized light in the ultraviolet region by the liquid crystal cell 30c, it is possible to observe the image from the side of the ultraviolet/visible light switching liquid crystal cell 30c as a reflective liquid crystal display device, and at the same time, the liquid crystal cell 30c can be controlled separately. The image displayed according to the light in the ultraviolet region and the image displayed according to the light in the visible region are controlled. In addition, since the display device can control the transmission/non-transmission of light in each wavelength region, it can be applied to, for example, an ultraviolet sensor that controls the transmission/shielding of ultraviolet rays.

The display device shown in FIG. 42 further includes a light absorbing layer 40 on the lower side of the polarizing plate V+UVP 70b in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 40 . The light absorbing layer 40 can be a layer with various hues, such as red, blue, yellow, black, and further a film, plate, etc. with bright colors like pastel, or a phosphor that absorbs specific wavelengths (for example, Ultraviolet rays) and emit light in the visible region of the film, plate, etc. Thereby, the display device shown in FIG. 42 has the function of front light 20d after polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light. Therefore, as a reflective liquid crystal display device, the displayed image can be observed from the side of the liquid crystal cell 30c, which can switch the polarization axis in ultraviolet/visible light, and at the same time, the displayed image according to the light in the ultraviolet region and the light according to the visible light region can be controlled. displayed image. In addition, since the display device can control the transmission/non-transmission of light in each wavelength region, it can be applied to, for example, an ultraviolet sensor that controls the transmission/shielding of ultraviolet rays.

In addition, as another embodiment, in the display device shown in FIGS. 43 to 45, in the structure of the display device shown in FIGS. 40 to 42, the structure having the liquid crystal cell 30 adopts the The liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet which displays an image etc. on a display, and the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light which can display an image etc. on a display by visible light have a two-cell structure. 43 to 45 are schematic views showing the structure of the display device. In the display device shown in FIGS. 43 to 45, the polarized ultraviolet rays from the light 20d after polarizing both ultraviolet rays and visible light are used for image display of the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b, and on the other hand, the polarized ultraviolet rays are from the ultraviolet rays The polarized visible light of both the polarized light 20d and the visible light is used for the image display of the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light. In the display device shown in FIGS. 43 to 45, since the dual-cell structure is adopted, images displayed by the liquid crystal cell 30b for ultraviolet light and the liquid crystal cell 30a for visible light through polarization control can be displayed as different image. In the display devices shown in FIGS. 43 to 45, the order of the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b and the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a is not limited, and the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell 30b and the visible light liquid crystal cell 30a may be arranged in the opposite directions, respectively. .

[Stereoscopic display device or stereoscopic image display device]

Another embodiment of the display device constituting the present invention is a novel stereoscopic display device or a stereoscopic image display device including the above-described polarized light-emitting element as a polarizing element.

The stereoscopic display device or the stereoscopic image display device provided with the above-mentioned polarized light-emitting element has high transmittance in the visible light region, and can display stereoscopic vision on the display by utilizing the polarized light-emitting element. In addition, the display device can be easily and inexpensively manufactured, and can be used as a transparent display capable of stereoscopic display.

The polarized light-emitting element of the present invention can also be used in the configuration of a stereoscopic display device or a stereoscopic image display device. In addition, the so-called stereoscopic display device herein refers to a device capable of 3D display that utilizes binocular parallax and does not have a unit (eg, a liquid crystal unit) for displaying an image. In addition, the so-called stereoscopic image display device refers to a device that utilizes binocular parallax and has a unit (eg, a liquid crystal unit) for displaying an image and can perform 3D display. FIGS. 46 to 50 are schematic views showing the configuration of a stereoscopic display device including the above-described polarized light-emitting element. FIGS. 51 to 57 are schematic views showing the configuration of a stereoscopic image display device including the above-described polarized light-emitting element.

An embodiment of the stereoscopic display device of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 46 to 50, includes: a polarized light-emitting element as a polarizing element, a stereoscopic display control means for displaying stereoscopic vision, and a stereoscopic display Visual display part; and irradiate light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays. In order to irradiate light containing at least ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the display unit. In order to perceive stereoscopic vision by binocular parallax, the stereoscopic display control means is provided with two stereoscopic display control members having independent and different polarization axes. The display portion is composed of a first polarized light-emitting element and a second polarized light-emitting element whose polarization axes are different from each other, and a plurality of the first polarized light-emitting element and the second polarized light-emitting element are respectively present. In order to allow the observer to perceive stereoscopic vision, the stereoscopic display control member is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the penetration of the polarized light emission from the first polarized light-emitting element and the second polarized light-emitting element. For example, a general polarizing plate (UV Non-penetrating polarizer), UV penetrating polarizer, polarizer O-UVP, polarizer V+UVP.

The display device (stereoscopic display device) shown in FIG. 46 is provided with: stereoscopic display control members 80 and 80 ′ having different polarization axes which are independent of each other as a stereoscopic display control means for displaying stereoscopic vision, and for displaying stereoscopic vision The display portion 90 includes a first polarized light-emitting element 10c and a second polarized light-emitting element 10c' whose polarization axes are different from each other. The stereoscopic display control members 80 , 80 ′ may be disposed at positions where the observer can perceive the stereoscopic vision from the display unit 90 using binocular parallax. The first polarized light emitting element 10c and the second polarized light emitting element 10c' are provided on the display portion 90, respectively, and the display portion 90 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays 20b from the side where the stereoscopic display control members 80 and 80' are provided. The first polarized light-emitting element 10c and the second polarized light-emitting element 10c' respectively exhibit polarized light emission by the irradiated ultraviolet rays 20b. In the display device with this configuration, the binocular parallax of the stereoscopic display control members 80 and 80' having different polarization axes, for example, 90° different polarization axes, can be used for the left and right eyes of the observer, respectively. The polarized light emission corresponding to the first polarized light emitting element 10c or the second polarized light emitting element 10c' was observed. Thereby, the polarized light emission for the left eye is observed only in the left eye, and the polarized light emission for the right eye is observed only in the right eye. The result of the overlapping and viewing of the polarized light emission observed by the left and right eyes, that is, the result of the binocular parallax, can be displayed on the display unit 90 for stereoscopic vision of the polarized light emission.

In the display device shown in FIG. 47, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 46, the ultraviolet rays 20b are irradiated on the display portion 90 from the side where the stereoscopic display control members 80 and 80' are not provided. The display device shown in FIG. 47 can also display stereoscopic vision of polarized light emission on the display portion 90 by the same principle as the display device shown in FIG. 46 .

The display device shown in FIG. 48 further includes a visible light absorbing element 40 a such as a black film on the lower side of the display portion 90 in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 46 . With this configuration, the display device shown in FIG. 48 can display the stereoscopic vision of the polarized light emission after contrast enhancement. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 49 , in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 46 , a light reflection layer 50 is further provided on the lower side of the display portion 90 . With this configuration, the display device shown in FIG. 49 can display a bright stereoscopic vision of polarized light emission.

In the display device shown in FIG. 50, in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 49, between the display portion 90 and the light reflection layer 50, a quarter wave plate 61, which is a retardation plate, is further provided as a light control Floor. Thereby, the display device shown in FIG. 50 can suppress the generation of double images caused by the polarized light emission reflected by the light reflection layer 50, and can display the stereoscopic vision of bright polarized light emission.

Next, a stereoscopic image display device using the above-described polarized light-emitting element will be described. An embodiment of the stereoscopic image display device, as shown in FIGS. 51 to 57, includes: a liquid crystal cell for displaying an image for the left eye and an image for the right eye; a polarizing light-emitting element serving as a polarizing element; and Stereoscopic display control means for displaying stereoscopic images; and irradiating light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays or polarized ultraviolet rays. In order to irradiate light containing at least ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays or polarized ultraviolet rays. In order to perceive a stereoscopic image by binocular parallax, the stereoscopic display control means is provided with two stereoscopic display control members having independently different polarization axes.

The display device (stereoscopic image display device) shown in FIG. 51 includes a liquid crystal cell 30d capable of displaying images for the left eye and images for the right eye, and a polarizing light-emitting element 10a as a polarizing element. The three-dimensional display control members 80 and 80' of the polarization axis are used as a three-dimensional display control means for displaying a three-dimensional image. The stereoscopic display control members 80, 80' may be disposed at positions that allow the observer to perceive the stereoscopic image from the liquid crystal cell 30d using binocular parallax. The ultraviolet ray 20b is irradiated to the crystal unit 30d from the side where the stereoscopic display control members 80 and 80' are provided. The so-called function of the liquid crystal cell 30d capable of displaying left-eye images and right-eye images is, for example, a function of controlling polarization in each area that can be used to form images (generally, pixels, etc.), and can A left-eye image and a right-eye image are formed in each field. The polarized light-emitting element 10a exhibits polarized light emission by the irradiated ultraviolet rays 20b. In the display device with this configuration, since the stereoscopic display control members 80 and 80' have different polarization axes, for example, 90° different polarization axes, the liquid crystal can be displayed by only one side of the stereoscopic display control member. One of the left-eye image and the right-eye image of the unit 30d, and the other one of the left-eye image and the right-eye image of the liquid crystal unit 30d is displayed by the stereoscopic display control member on the other side , to adjust the stereoscopic display control members 80, 80' and the liquid crystal unit 30d. Thereby, only the image for the left eye is observed by the left eye of the observer, and only the image for the right eye is observed by the right eye. As a result of viewing, that is, a result of using binocular parallax, a stereoscopic image can be displayed by the liquid crystal unit 30d.

In the display device shown in FIG. 52, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 51, ultraviolet rays 20b are irradiated from the surface side of the polarized light-emitting element 10a on which the liquid crystal cell 30d is not provided. The display device shown in FIG. 52 can also display a stereoscopic image through the liquid crystal unit 30d by the same principle as the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 51 .

In addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 51, the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 53 further includes a visible light absorbing element 40a such as a black film on the lower side of the polarized light emitting element 10a. With this configuration, the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 53 can display a stereoscopic image with enhanced contrast. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 54, in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 51, a light reflection layer 50 is further provided on the lower side of the polarized light-emitting element 10a. With this configuration, the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 54 can display a bright stereoscopic image.

In addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 54, the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 55 further includes a quarter-wavelength plate 61 of a retardation plate between the polarized light-emitting element 10a and the light reflection layer 50. as a light control layer. Thereby, the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 55 can suppress the generation of double images on the display, and can display a bright stereoscopic image.

The three-dimensional image display device shown in FIGS. 56 and 57 is based on the structure of the display device shown in FIGS. 51 and 52, and irradiates polarized ultraviolet rays 20a instead of ultraviolet rays 20b. The stereoscopic image display device shown in Figs. 56 and 57 can also display a stereoscopic image by the same principle as the display device shown in Figs. 51 and 52.

[Display device with polarization switching function]

The polarized light-emitting element used in the present invention can also be used in the configuration of a display device having a polarization switching function as shown in FIGS. 58 to 65 . One embodiment of the display device having a polarization switching function includes: a polarized light-emitting element as a polarizing element, a polarization control member for controlling polarized light emission, and a phase difference control member for controlling the phase difference; and irradiating light containing at least ultraviolet rays , especially UV light. In order to irradiate light containing at least ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays. The polarization control member has the function of penetrating the polarization axis in a certain direction, as long as it can detect the wavelength of the polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element or the penetration of the polarized light, there is no particular limitation, for example, a general polarizing plate ( UV non-transmitting polarizer), UV penetrating polarizer, polarizer O-UVP, polarizer V+UVP. In addition, the phase difference control member may be, for example, a general phase difference plate. The retardation plate used as the retardation control member is not limited to one sheet, and two or more sheets or an arbitrary number of sheets may be used. When a phase difference plate is provided as the phase difference control member, the polarized light can be controlled by dynamically switching the angles of the slow axis and the fast axis of the used phase difference plate. When a retardation plate having a retardation value of 1/4λ with respect to the wavelength displayed by the polarized light emission from the polarized light-emitting element, that is, a so-called 1/4-wavelength plate, is used as the retardation control member, the straight line emitted by the polarized light-emitting element Polarization can be switched from linear polarization to circular polarization by arranging the slow axis of the quarter-wave plate at 45° with respect to the polarization axis of linear polarization. On the other hand, when the slow axis of the quarter-wave plate is arranged at 0° with respect to the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light, switching of the polarized light does not occur, and the linearly polarized light emission can be maintained. In addition, when a retardation plate having a retardation value of 1/2λ with respect to the wavelength displayed by the polarized light emission from the polarized light-emitting element, that is, a so-called 1/2-wavelength plate, is used as the retardation control member, the light emitted by the polarized light-emitting element is The linearly polarized light can be switched to a polarized light having a polarization axis whose polarization direction is rotated by 90° by arranging the slow axis of the half-wave plate at 45° with respect to the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light. On the other hand, when the slow axis of the half-wave plate is arranged at 0° with respect to the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light, switching of the polarization is not caused, and the linearly polarized light emission can be maintained.

The display device shown in FIG. 58 includes a polarization control member 70 for controlling polarized light emission, a first polarized light emitting element 10c and a second polarized light emitting element 10c' whose polarization axes are different from each other as the polarizing elements, and are used to display the output from the first polarized light emitting element 10c and the second polarized light emitting element 10c'. The polarized light-emitting element 10c and the polarized light-emitting element 10c' of the second polarized light-emitting element 10c' are provided with a display section 90 for polarized light emission, and a phase difference control member 60 capable of controlling the phase difference. The polarization control member 70 may be provided at a position where the observer can observe the polarized light emission according to the mode of the polarization axis of the polarization control member 70 from the display portion 90 . The ultraviolet ray 20b is irradiated from the side where the polarization control member 70 is provided to the surface side where the phase difference control member of the display portion 90 is not arranged. A first polarized light-emitting element 10 c and a second polarized light-emitting element 10 c ′ whose polarization axes are different from each other are independently provided on the display portion 90 . The phase difference control member 60 is laminated on the display portion 90, and the polarization control member 70 is arranged away from each other on the surface side where the phase difference control member 60 is not arranged with the first polarized light emitting element 10c and the second polarized light emitting element 10c'. The ultraviolet rays 20b only need to be irradiated on the first polarized light emitting element 10c and the second polarized light emitting element 10c', and the method of incident light is not limited. In the display device of this embodiment, the first polarized light-emitting element 10c and the second polarized light-emitting element 10c' have independent and different polarization axes. Therefore, when the ultraviolet ray 20b is irradiated to the first polarized light emitting element 10c and the second polarized light emitting element 10c', the first polarized light emitting element 10c and the second polarized light emitting element 10c' respectively exhibit polarized light emission. The polarized light emitted through different polarization axes is further irradiated on the phase difference control member 60 and the polarization control member 70, whereby the first polarized light emitting element 10c, the second polarized light emitting element 10c', the phase difference control member 60, and the polarization control member 70 can be viewed. The polarized light emission of the mode of the polarizing axis each of the members 70 has. Furthermore, when a retardation plate is used as the phase difference control member 60, by arbitrarily changing the slow axis of the retardation plate to 0°, 45°, etc., the polarized light emission is not only linearly polarized, but also circularly polarized, Elliptically polarized light, or linearly polarized light with the polarization axis rotated by 90° with linearly polarized light, etc., can control polarized light emission into various polarized lights. With the display device having such a configuration, not only the amount of light (sensitivity) can be adjusted, but also the hue and the viewing angle can be changed. Furthermore, when a colorless and transparent retardation film, preferably a colorless and transparent retardation film is used as the retardation control member 60, the polarized light from the first polarized light-emitting element 10c and the second polarized light-emitting element 10c' is used to emit light. Through the polarization control member 70, the color and quantity of light that can be viewed are changed. The polarized light emission from the first polarized light emitting element 10 c and the second polarized light emitting element 10 c ′ that has not passed through the polarization control member 70 is only viewed as a light emitting surface on the display unit 90 . On the other hand, by allowing the polarized light emission to pass through the colorless and transparent retardation film, other polarized light emission can be further viewed by controlling the retardation. That is, the polarized light emission that is not viewed through the polarization control member 70 can only be recognized as being provided with the colorless transparent film on the display portion 90 that displays the light emission. In this way, the display device shown in FIG. 58 not only has the polarization switching function of recognizing and controlling the polarization emission, but also satisfies the mode of the polarization axis of the polarization control member 70 and the first polarization light-emitting element 10c and the second polarization light-emitting element 10c' , and according to all three conditions of the polarization control performed by the phase difference plate as the phase difference control member 60 , it is also possible to impart a high safety function that the expected light emission that can be displayed on the display portion 90 cannot be viewed.

In the display device shown in FIG. 59, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 58, the ultraviolet rays 20b are arranged on the surface side of the display portion 90 where the phase difference control member 60 is not provided. The display device shown in FIG. 59 can also view polarized light emission on the display portion 90 by the same principle as that of the display device shown in FIG. 58 .

The display device shown in FIG. 60 further includes a visible light absorbing element 40 a such as a black film on the lower side of the display portion 90 in addition to the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 58 . With this configuration, the display device shown in FIG. 60 can observe the polarized light emission after the contrast is improved. Moreover, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 61, in addition to the structure of the display apparatus shown in FIG. 58, the light reflection layer 50 is further provided in the lower side of the display part 90. With this configuration, the display device shown in FIG. 61 can observe the stereoscopic vision of bright polarized light emission.

In addition, as another embodiment, in the display device shown in FIGS. 62 to 65, in the configuration of the display device shown in FIGS. 58 to 61, a liquid crystal cell 30 and a polarized light-emitting element 10a are arranged, The liquid crystal cell 30 is disposed between the polarized light emitting element 10a and the retardation control member 60 instead of the display portion 90 provided with the first polarized light emitting element 10c and the second polarized light emitting element 10c' having mutually different polarization axes. The display device having the configuration shown in FIGS. 62 to 65 not only has the polarization switching function that can recognize and control the polarization light emission, but also has the mode of the polarization axis of the polarization control member 70 and the polarization light emitting element 10a, and is based on as Under all three conditions of the control of the polarized light performed by the retardation plate of the retardation control member 60, in addition to the high security function of constructing an image, a highly complex image can also be displayed.

[Self-luminous liquid crystal display device]

Another embodiment of the display device constituting the present invention is a novel self-luminous liquid crystal display device including the above-described polarized light-emitting element as a polarizing element.

An embodiment of the self-luminous liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIGS. 66 to 69, includes: a polarizing light-emitting element as a polarizing element, a liquid crystal cell, a colored light transmitting filter, and a group selected from 400 Polarizing plate for 480nm, polarizing plate O-UVP for polarizing ultraviolet light, polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet and visible light, UV transmitting polarizing plate for transmitting ultraviolet light, and UV non-penetrating polarizing plate for transmitting ultraviolet light A liquid crystal display device that transmits a group of polarizers composed of polarizers; and irradiates light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays. In order to irradiate light containing at least ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays. This display device is different from the previous liquid crystal display device in that the polarized light-emitting element is self-luminous. Therefore, compared with the previous liquid crystal display device in which the light of the backlight is attenuated by a polarizer having a transmittance of 35 to 45%, a liquid crystal display device with extremely high utilization efficiency of light in the visible light region can be provided. In addition, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device has a wide viewing angle characteristic even if it does not have the lamination of various retardation plates required to improve the viewing angle dependence and the complicated liquid crystal cell structure. Therefore, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device that improves the viewing angle dependence, which was a problem in the conventional liquid crystal display device, and has high contrast and high visibility. Furthermore, by converting the light emission from the polarized light-emitting element into light of various colors through the colored light transmission filter, high color rendering properties can be imparted to the liquid crystal display device.

An embodiment of the display device includes: a liquid crystal cell, a color light transmission filter, a polarizer O-UVP for polarizing ultraviolet light, and a display device including a polarizing light-emitting element as a polarizing element, at least containing ultraviolet light It is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell in which the colored light transmission filter is not arranged. In order to irradiate light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays, the display device may further be provided with a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays. The colored light transmission filter is arranged in the liquid crystal cell or on the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarizer O-UVP is arranged on the side of the one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light containing at least ultraviolet rays, and the liquid crystal A polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the other surface side of the cell. Between the polarizing plate O-UVP and the polarizing light-emitting plate, a liquid crystal cell that dynamically controls the phase is arranged. Therefore, when the polarized light-emitting element displays white light-emitting, the white light-emitting and non-emitting light can be controlled by the liquid crystal cell. In addition, when the polarized light-emitting element exhibits blue light emission, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with a remarkably high utilization efficiency of blue light can be provided without using a blue color filter as a colored light transmission filter.

FIG. 66 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 66 includes a polarizing plate O-UVP70a, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarizing plate O-UVP70a, a polarizing light-emitting element 10a laminated on the liquid crystal cell 30, and a polarizing light-emitting element 10a laminated on the polarizing light-emitting element 10a. Colored light penetrates the filter 100; light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays 20b, is irradiated from the polarizing plate O-UVP70a. In order to irradiate the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays 20b. In this case, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell (the surface side where the polarized light-emitting element 10a is not arranged). In addition, in order to diffuse the ultraviolet rays 20b more easily, the light diffusing plate 110 may be further arranged on the surface side of the polarizer O-UVP 70a where the liquid crystal cell 30 is not arranged. The light-diffusion plate 110 can be arbitrarily arranged according to the light quantity of the ultraviolet rays 20b and the like. In addition, the colored light transmission filter 100 includes a blue color filter 101, a green color filter 102, and a red color filter 103, and is designed to perform color display in each display section. By irradiating the ultraviolet ray 20b, the polarized light-emitting element 10a which transmits the polarizing plate O-UVP 70a and absorbs the ultraviolet ray displays polarized light emission. Since the polarized light emitted from the polarized light emitting element 10a can pass through the blue color filter 101, the green color filter 102, and the red color filter 103 provided in the color light transmission filter 100 in each display area Color display is performed in the segment, so when the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays white light, the light-emitting color can be converted into a desired color. In addition, white light-emitting and non-light-emitting can also be controlled by the liquid crystal unit 30 .

In the display device shown in Fig. 67, in the configuration of the display device shown in Fig. 66, the blue color filter 101 is removed from the color light transmission filter 100. In this display device, when the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays blue light emission, even if the blue color filter 101 is not used as the colored light transmission filter 100, a self-luminous liquid crystal with high utilization efficiency of blue light can be provided. display device.

Other embodiments of the self-luminous liquid crystal display device include: a liquid crystal cell, a colored light penetrating filter selected from the group consisting of a polarizer V+UVP, a UV transmissive polarizer, and a UV non-transmissive polarizer The polarizing plate and the polarizing light-emitting element as the polarizing element of the display device, the light containing at least ultraviolet rays is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell where the colored light transmission filter is not arranged. In order to irradiate light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays, the display device may further be provided with a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays. The colored light transmission filter is arranged on the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the side of the one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light containing at least ultraviolet rays, and the colored light transmission filter A polarizing plate is arranged between it and the liquid crystal cell. The display device with this configuration can provide a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with higher contrast because the polarized light emitted from the polarized light emitting element is irradiated through the polarizing plate to the colored light transmission filter.

FIG. 68 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the display device. The display device shown in FIG. 68 includes a polarized light-emitting element 10a, a liquid crystal cell 30 laminated on the polarized light-emitting element 10a, a UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d laminated on the liquid crystal cell 30, and a UV non-transmissive polarizer laminated on the liquid crystal cell 30. The colored light on the plate 70d passes through the filter 100; the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially the ultraviolet rays 20b, is irradiated from the side of the polarized light-emitting element 10a. In order to irradiate the light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, the display device may further include a light source that emits light 20 containing at least ultraviolet rays, especially ultraviolet rays 20b. At this time, the light source is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell (the surface side on which the polarized light-emitting element 10a is arranged). In addition, in order to diffuse the ultraviolet rays 20b more easily, the light diffusing plate 110 may be further arranged on the surface side where the polarized light emitting element 10a of the liquid crystal cell 30 is not arranged. The light-diffusion plate 110 can be arbitrarily arranged according to the light quantity of the ultraviolet rays 20b and the like. In addition, the colored light transmission filter 100 includes a blue color filter 101, a green color filter 102, and a red color filter 103, and is designed to perform color display in each display section. By irradiating the ultraviolet ray 20b, the polarized light-emitting element 10a exhibits polarized light emission. The polarized light emitted from the polarized light emitting element 10a is irradiated on the colored light transmitting filter 100 through the UV non-transmitting polarizer 70d. Color display can be performed in each display section by the blue color filter 101, the green color filter 102, and the red color filter 103 provided in the color light transmission filter 100, so when the polarized light is When the light-emitting element 10a emits white light, the light-emitting color can be converted into a desired color. In addition, since the polarized light emitted from the polarized light-emitting element 10a is irradiated on the colored light-transmitting filter through the UV non-transmissive polarizer 70d, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with higher contrast can be provided.

In the display device shown in Fig. 69, in the configuration of the display device shown in Fig. 68, a polarizing plate 70e for 400 to 480 nm is arranged instead of the UV non-transmitting polarizing plate 70d, and the color light transmits a filter. In 100 the blue color filter 101 is removed. In this display device, when the polarized light-emitting element 10a displays blue light emission, even if the blue color filter 101 is not used as the colored light transmission filter 100, it can provide self-luminescence with a remarkably high utilization efficiency of blue light type liquid crystal display device.

Next, each member used in the structure of each display apparatus demonstrated above, and its characteristic are demonstrated.

[polarizing element]

The polarizing element has the function of absorbing ultraviolet rays to display polarized light emission in the visible light region, and also has the function of controlling ultraviolet rays into polarized light. Therefore, by making the polarizing element to absorb little or no ultraviolet light, the polarizing element functions as a polarizing element that polarizes only ultraviolet light even when the polarized light emitting property of the polarizing element is weakened or lost. Therefore, the polarizing element can be provided as a polarizing light emitting element having a function of displaying polarized light emission, or a polarization controlling element having a function of controlling ultraviolet rays into polarized light. In addition, the polarized light-emitting element in the visible light region, preferably in the wavelength region of 380nm~780nm, has more than 60%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 80%, particularly preferably more than 90% of the high visual sensitivity correction unit body penetration. By using this polarizing element as a component of each display device such as a liquid crystal display device, a stereoscopic display device, a stereoscopic image display device, or a display device having a polarization switching function, a display with a novel structure suitable for a transparent display can be provided device. This polarizing element can be manufactured, for example, by adsorbing and aligning a dichroic dye, which is a material for displaying luminescence, on a substrate such as a film. In addition, the polarized light directly emitted from the polarizing element can be light emission with polarization on a specific axis, but not only the specific axis, but also can be designed to emit light with elliptical polarization and circular polarization. The formulation can be realized not only by uniaxially stretching the base material impregnated with the dichroic dye, but also by diagonal stretching and biaxial stretching. Preferably, certain polarized light can be emitted uniaxially. When the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, the polarized light-emitting element can display polarized light emission by converting the light energy of the absorbed ultraviolet rays into light energy of other wavelengths, that is, light in the visible light region. Therefore, the cholesteric liquid crystal that reflects the light of a certain wavelength as circularly polarized light while maintaining the wavelength is not included in the material of the polarized light-emitting element exhibiting such characteristics.

<Substrate>

The base material of the polarizing element contains a dichroic dye that becomes a material for exhibiting polarized light-emitting properties. Therefore, the base material is preferably a film obtained by forming a film of a hydrophilic polymer or the like capable of adsorbing a dichroic dye. This hydrophilic polymer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, amylose-based resins, starch-based resins, cellulose-based resins, and polyacrylate-based resins. Among these resins, polyvinyl alcohol-based resins or derivatives thereof are preferred from the viewpoints of adsorption properties, processability, and crosslinking properties of dichroic dyes. Examples of polyvinyl alcohol-based resins or derivatives thereof include polyvinyl alcohol or derivatives thereof, polyvinyl alcohol or derivatives thereof, and olefins such as ethylene, propylene, crotonic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and cis Resins, etc., denatured by unsaturated carboxylic acids such as butenedioic acid. Among these, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film is preferable from the viewpoint of the adsorption and orientation of the polarized light-emitting dye having dichroism. As a base material, a commercial item can be used, or it can be produced by film-forming a polyvinyl alcohol-type resin, for example. In addition, the thickness of the base material can be appropriately designed, but is preferably in the range of 5 μm to 150 μm, and particularly preferably in the range of 20 μm to 100 μm. The polarizing element used in the present invention is, for example, formed of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin into a film form as a base material, and then the film contains a dichroic dye that is a material that exhibits polarized light-emitting properties. Then, alignment treatment such as stretching is applied to the obtained film, followed by boric acid treatment, washing treatment, and drying treatment, whereby the polarizing element of the present invention can be produced.

<Dichroic Pigment>

Next, the dichroic dye adsorbed and aligned to the above-mentioned base material will be described. In order to impart polarized light emitting properties to the polarizing element used in the present invention, the material is preferably a compound or a salt thereof which has at least one of a stilbene skeleton and a biphenyl skeleton in a molecule and does not have an azo group. When the dichroic dye has an azo group in the molecule, a high degree of polarization can be achieved as in the conventional dye-based polarizer, but the light emission is absorbed by the azo group, resulting in a significant reduction in the amount of light emitted. Therefore, as a dichroic dye, it is preferable to use the compound or its salt which does not have an azo group in a molecule|numerator. Since this dichroic dye exhibits fluorescent light emission and has a dichromatic ratio at the same time, it can emit light with polarized light. Therefore, the polarized light-emitting dye having at least one of a stilbene skeleton and a biphenyl skeleton in the molecule is excellent in fluorescence emission characteristics, and has the characteristics of high dichromatic ratio by being oriented to the substrate. Since these characteristics are derived from the stilbene skeleton and the biphenyl skeleton, in order to adjust the absorption wavelength, emission wavelength, light resistance, moisture resistance, ozone gas resistance, etc. various properties such as firmness, solubility, etc., it is possible to further Arbitrary substituents are introduced into each of the above-mentioned skeletons. The introduction of such a substituent can achieve a high degree of polarization like a conventional dye-based polarizer depending on the type of the substituent and the position of the substituent, but it may also significantly reduce the amount of light emitted. Therefore, in order to achieve excellent fluorescence emission characteristics and achieve a high dichromatic ratio, the selection of the type of substituents and the position of the substituents is important. Moreover, the said dichroic dye can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.

One of the compounds having a stilbene skeleton which does not have an azo group is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a salt thereof. In formula (1), groups L and M each independently represent a nitro group, an amine group which may have a substituent, a carbonyl amido group which may have a substituent, a naphthalene triazolyl which may have a substituent, and a C1-20 alkyl group, optionally substituted vinyl group, optionally substituted amide group, optionally substituted urea group, or optionally substituted aryl group and optionally substituted carbonyl group, However, it is not limited to this. The compound having a stilbene skeleton represented by the formula (1) exhibits fluorescent light emission, and furthermore, dichroism is obtained by alignment. Since the light-emitting properties are derived from the stilbene skeleton, the substituents that can be bonded to the respective groups of L and M are not particularly limited as long as they do not have an azo group, and any substituents may be used.

Examples of amino groups that may have a substituent include unsubstituted amino groups; methylamino, ethylamino, n-butylamino, tert-butylamino, n-hexylamino, dodecylamino , dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-butylamino, ethylmethylamino, ethylhexylamino and other alkylamino groups with 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may have substituents; Phenylamino, diphenylamino, naphthylamino, N-phenyl-N-naphthylamino and other arylamino groups that may have substituents; methylcarbonylamino, ethylcarbonylamino , n-butylcarbonylamino and other alkylcarbonylamino groups with a carbon number of 1 to 20 as substituents; phenylcarbonylamino, biphenylcarbonylamino, naphthylcarbonylamino, etc. may have substituents Arylcarbonylamino; methylsulfonylamino, ethylsulfonylamino, propylsulfonylamino, n-butylsulfonylamino, etc. C 1-20 alkyl sulfonic acid Sulfonylamino group; arylsulfonylamino group which may have substituents such as phenylsulfonylamino group, naphthylsulfonylamino group, etc. Among these, preferred are an optionally substituted alkylcarbonylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted arylcarbonylamino group, an alkylsulfonylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted arylsulfonylamino group.

Examples of the optionally substituted carbonyl amido group include N-methyl-carbonyl amido group (-CONHCH ₃ ), N-ethyl-carbonyl amido group (-CONHC ₂ H ₅ ), N-phenyl- Carbonyl amido (-CONHC ₆ H ₅ ) and the like.

Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent include straight-chain C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkanes such as methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, and n-dodecyl. branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ alkyl groups such as isopropyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl groups; cyclic C ₃ -C ₇ alkyl groups such as cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, etc. Among these, straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl groups are preferred, and straight-chain alkyl groups are particularly preferred.

As a vinyl group which may have a substituent, an ethylene group, a styryl group, the vinyl group which has an alkyl group, the vinyl group which has an alkoxy group, a divinyl group, a pentadienyl group, etc. are mentioned, for example.

As an acylamino group which may have a substituent, an acetamido group (-NHCOCH ₃ ), a benzamide group (-NHCOC ₆ H ₅ ), etc. are mentioned, for example.

As a ureido group which may have a substituent, a monoalkyl urea group, a dialkyl urea group, a monoaryl urea group, a diaryl urea group, etc. are mentioned, for example.

Examples of the aryl group which may have a substituent include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a biphenyl group, and the like, and a C ₆ -C ₁₂ aryl group is preferred. The aryl group may be a 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic group containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom as ring constituent atoms. Among this heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic group containing an atom selected from a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom as a ring constituent atom is preferable.

As a carbonyl group which may have a substituent, a methylcarbonyl group, an ethylcarbonyl group, a n-butylcarbonyl group, a phenylcarbonyl group, etc. are mentioned, for example.

Although the said substituent is not specifically limited, For example, a nitro group, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a carboxyl group, a carboxyalkyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, etc. are mentioned.

As a carboxyalkyl group, a methylcarboxy group, an ethylcarboxy group, etc. are mentioned, for example. As a halogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, etc. are mentioned, for example. As an alkoxy group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, etc. are mentioned, for example. As an aryloxy group, a phenoxy group, a naphthoxy group, etc. are mentioned, for example.

Examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) include Kayaphor series (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) and Whitex series (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) such as Whitex RP. The compound represented by the following formula (1) is merely an example, and is not limited thereto.

The other compound having a stilbene skeleton not having an azo bond is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (2) or formula (3) or a salt thereof. By using these compounds, the compound represented by the following formula (2) or formula (3) also exhibits fluorescence emission due to the stilbene skeleton, and furthermore, dichroism can be obtained by alignment.

In the above formula (2), the group X represents a nitro group or an amino group which may have a substituent. The amine group which may have a substituent can be defined in the same way as the amine group which may have a substituent in the above formula (1), preferably an alkylcarbonylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, Substituents are arylcarbonylamino groups, alkylsulfonylamino groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or arylsulfonylamino groups which may have substituents. Among these, the group X is preferably a nitro group.

In the above formula (2), the group R represents a halogen atom such as a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group or An amine group which may have a substituent. The alkyl group which may have a substituent can be defined similarly to the C1-C20 alkyl group which may have a substituent in the said formula (1). The alkoxy group which may have a substituent is preferably a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, or the like. The amino group which may have a substituent can be defined in the same way as the amino group which may have a substituent in the above formula (1), preferably methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethyl amine group or phenylamine group, etc. The group R may be bonded to any carbon of the naphthalene ring in the naphthalene triazole ring, but when the carbons condensed with the triazole ring are set to the 1-position and the 2-position, it is preferably bonded to the 3-position, the 5-position or the 8-position bit.

In the above formula (2), n is an integer of 0 to 3, preferably 1. In addition, in the above formula (2), -(SO ₃ H) may be bonded to any carbon atom of the naphthalene ring in the naphthalene triazole ring. The position of -(SO ₃ H) on the naphthalene ring, when the carbon condensed with the triazole ring is set to the 1-position and the 2-position, if n=1, it is preferably the 4-position, the 6-position or the 7-position, if If n=2, 5 bits and 7 bits, and 6 bits and 8 bits are preferable, and if n=3, a combination of 3 bits, 6 bits, and 8 bits is preferable. Among these, particularly preferred group R is a hydrogen atom and n is 1.

In formula (3), the group Y represents an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted vinyl group, or an optionally substituted aryl group. Among these, an aryl group which may have a substituent is preferable, a naphthyl group which may have a substituent is more preferable, and a naphthyl group which is substituted with an amino group and a sulfonic acid group as a substituent is particularly preferable.

In the formula (3), the group Z can be defined in the same manner as the group X in the above-mentioned formula (2), and is preferably a nitro group.

The compound having a biphenyl skeleton without an azo group is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (4) or a salt thereof.

In the above formula (4), P and Q each independently represent a nitro group, an optionally substituted amino group, an optionally substituted carbonyl amido group, an optionally substituted naphthalenetriazolyl group, and an optionally substituted amine group. C1-20 alkyl group, optionally substituted vinyl group, optionally substituted amide group, optionally substituted urea group, or optionally substituted aryl group, optionally substituted carbonyl group, But it is not limited to this. However, when the biphenyl skeleton has an azo group at the P position and/or the Q position, the fluorescence emission becomes significantly smaller, which is not preferable.

The compound represented by the above formula (4) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (5).

In the above formula (5), j represents an integer of 0 to 2. Furthermore, when the carbon atom to which -CH=CH- is bonded is set at the 1-position, the position where -(SO ₃ H) is bonded is preferably the 2-position, the 4-position, or the 6-position, and particularly preferably the 4-position.

In the above formula (5), the radicals R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aralkoxy group, Alkenyloxy group, alkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, arylsulfonyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, carboamido group, sulfoamido group, and carboxyalkyl group. The bonding positions of the groups R ₁ to R ₄ are not particularly limited, and when the vinyl group is set to the 1-position, the 2-position, the 4-position, and the 6-position are preferred, and the 4-position is particularly preferred.

Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, and cyclobutyl.

Examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a n-butoxy group, a second butoxy group, a third butoxy group, and a cyclobutoxy group.

The aralkoxy group includes, for example, an aralkoxy group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms.

Examples of the alkenyloxy group include alkenyloxy groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Examples of the alkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methylsulfonyl group, ethylsulfonyl group, propylsulfonyl group, n-butylsulfonyl group, second-butylsulfonyl group, and third butylsulfonyl group. Butylsulfonyl, cyclobutylsulfonyl, etc.

Examples of the arylsulfonyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include a phenylsulfonyl group, a naphthylsulfonyl group, a biphenylsulfonyl group, and the like.

The compound represented by the above formula (5) can be produced by a generally known method, for example, by condensing 4-nitrobenzaldehyde-2-sulfonic acid with a phosphonate, and then reducing the nitro group. .

Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (5) include the following compounds described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-226162, for example.

The salt of the compound represented by the formulae (1) to (5) means a state in which the free acid of each compound represented by the above formulae forms a salt together with an inorganic cation or an organic cation. Examples of inorganic cations include alkali metals, for example, cations such as lithium, sodium, and potassium, and ammonium (NH ₄ ⁺ ) and the like. Moreover, as an organic cation, the organic ammonium etc. which are represented by following formula (A) are mentioned, for example.

In formula (A), groups Z ₁ to Z ₄ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or a hydroxyalkoxyalkyl group, and at least any one of Z ₁ to Z ₄ is a group other than a hydrogen atom .

Specific examples of the groups Z ₁ to Z ₄ include C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl groups, preferably C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl groups; hydroxymethyl hydroxy C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl groups such as 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 3-hydroxybutyl, 2-hydroxybutyl, etc., preferably is hydroxy C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; and hydroxyethoxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethoxyethyl, 3-hydroxyethoxypropyl, 3-hydroxyethoxybutyl, 2-hydroxyethoxy Hydroxy C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl such as butyl group, preferably hydroxy C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl and the like.

Among these inorganic cations or organic cations, sodium, potassium, lithium, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, ammonium and other cations are particularly preferred , particularly preferably the inorganic cations of lithium, ammonium or sodium.

Since the dichroic dye having the above-mentioned structure does not have an azo group in the molecule, the absorption of light due to the azo group can be suppressed. In particular, compounds with a stilbene skeleton exhibit luminescence when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and the molecule can be stabilized by the presence of strong carbon-carbon double bonds in the stilbene skeleton. Therefore, a polarizing element using a dichroic dye having this specific structure can absorb ultraviolet rays and utilize the energy to exhibit polarized light emission in the visible light region.

(other pigments)

The polarizing element exhibiting the above characteristics may further contain one or more other fluorescent dyes and/or organic dyes different from the dichroic dyes of the compounds represented by the above formulas within the range that does not hinder the polarizing performance of the polarizing element . Examples of other fluorescent dyes used in combination include C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 5, C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 8, C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 12, C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 28, C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 30, C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 33, C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 350, C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 360 , C.I.Fluorescent Brightener 365, etc.

Examples of other organic dyes include C.I.Direct Yellow 12, C.I.Direct Yellow 28, C.I.Direct Yellow 44, C.I.Direct Orange 26, C.I.Direct Orange 39, C.I.Direct Orange 71, C.I.Direct Orange 107, C.I.Direct Red 2, C.I.Direct Red 31. C.I.Direct Red 79, C.I.Direct Red 81, C.I.Direct Red 247, C.I.Direct Blue 69, C.I.Direct Blue 78, C.I.Direct Green 80 and C.I.Direct Green 59, etc. These organic dyes can be free acids, or salts of alkali metal salts (eg Na, K, Li), ammonium or amines.

By using one or a plurality of the above-mentioned compounds represented by the various formulas, preparing them in a substrate, and aligning them, a polarizing element showing polarized light emission can be obtained. When these compounds are prepared, by adjusting the emission wavelength, for example, a polarizing element showing white emission can be produced. The luminous color displayed by the polarizing element is preferably determined in accordance with JIS Z 8781-4:2013, and the absolute value of chromaticity a* is 5 or less and the absolute value of hue b* is 5 or less. To emit polarized light with an absolute value of chromaticity a* of 5 or less and an absolute value of hue b* of 5 or less means that white polarized light emission can be obtained. In addition, since luminescence has polarization, when luminescence is observed through a polarizer having a polarizing function in the general visible light region, it means that white luminescence and non-luminescence can be observed by changing the polarization axis (absorption axis) of the polarizer. .

The chromaticity a* value and the hue b* value according to the standard of JIS Z 8781-4:2013 are the values obtained when measuring the hue of light. The object color display method specified by this standard is equivalent to the object color display method specified by the International Commission on Illumination (abbreviation: CIE). The measurement of the chromaticity a* value and the hue b* value is usually carried out by irradiating the measurement sample with natural light, but in the polarizing element used in the present invention, the polarizing element is irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region and the emitted light is measured. The light can confirm the chromaticity a* value and the hue b* value. This means that even if the light in the ultraviolet region is irradiated, the absolute value of the chromaticity a* of the light showing polarized light emission is 5 or less and the absolute value of the hue b* is also 5 or less, whereby a white polarized light emission can be obtained. polarizing element. When the absolute value of the chromaticity a* of the polarized light emitted is 5 or less, white can be perceived, preferably 4 or less, more preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, and particularly preferably 1 or less. In addition, the same applies to the hue b* of the light emitted. If the absolute value of the hue b* is 5 or less, white can be perceived, preferably 4 or less, more preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, and particularly preferably 1 or less. In this way, if the absolute values of the chromaticity a* value and the hue b* value are independently 5 or less, white can be perceived by the human eye, and when each value is 5 or less, a particularly good white can be perceived. glow. By making the polarized light emitted white, it can be used as a natural light source such as sunlight, a light source for e-book reading terminals, and the like. Therefore, this polarizing element can be used as a polarizing element of a white polarized light emission type, and it can be easily applied even if it is placed on a display using a color filter or the like. For example, red, blue and green color filters are arranged as colored light penetrating filters in each electrically driven display section of the liquid crystal cell, and white luminescent light is irradiated on each color filter. This can provide a self-luminous liquid crystal display device capable of color display in each display segment. The luminous intensity of white light can be applied to a display as long as the luminescence can be visually perceived. In order to visually perceive luminescence, it is particularly important that the luminescence has a high degree of polarization and a high transmittance in the visible light region.

When the polarizing element has a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 480 nm, a polarizing element showing blue light emission can be produced. By using this polarizing element in a display device, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with high utilization efficiency of blue light can be provided.

The polarized light-emitting element is irradiated with light in the non-visible light region such as the ultraviolet region, absorbs the light in the ultraviolet region, and utilizes the energy to display polarized light emission in the visible light region. Since the light emitted by the polarized light-emitting element is polarized light in the visible light region, when the polarized light-emitting element is observed through a general polarizer having a polarizing function relative to the light in the visible light region, by changing the general polarizing function in the visible light region The angle of the axis of the polarizing plate can be viewed as polarized luminous and non-luminous. The polarization degree of the polarized light emitted by the polarized light-emitting element is 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, particularly preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and particularly preferably 99% or more. In addition, the polarized light-emitting element transmits light in the visible light region without absorbing it. The transmittance of the light in the visible light region of the polarized light-emitting element, in terms of the transmittance of the corrected unit of visual sensitivity, is more than 60%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 80%, more preferably more than 85%, Excellent is more than 90%. Since the polarized light-emitting element has a high degree of polarization, the absorption in the visible light region is small in a non-luminous state, and a polarized light-emitting element with high transparency can be obtained.

<Manufacturing method of polarizing element>

The manufacturing method of a polarizing element is not limited to the following manufacturing method, It is preferable to orientate these compounds which are the said dichroic dye mainly in the film using polyvinyl alcohol or its derivative(s). Hereinafter, the production method of the polarized light-emitting element will be described by taking the case of using polyvinyl alcohol or its derivative as an example.

The manufacturing method of a polarizing element includes: a step of preparing a base material; a swelling step of immersing the base material in a swelling liquid to swell the base material; The dyeing solution is the dyeing step of adsorbing the dichroic pigment on the substrate; the substrate with adsorbed dichroic pigment is immersed in a solution containing boric acid, and the dichroic pigment is cross-linked in the substrate. The cross-linking step ; The stretching step of uniaxially stretching the base material after the cross-linking of the dichroic dyes in a certain direction, so that the dichroic dyes are arranged in a certain direction; The cleaning step of the substrate and/or the drying step of drying the cleaned substrate.

(swelling step)

The swelling step is preferably performed by immersing the above-mentioned base material in a swelling liquid at 20 to 50° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes, and the swelling liquid is preferably water. The stretching ratio of the base material formed by the swelling liquid is preferably adjusted to 1.00 to 1.50 times, and particularly preferably 1.10 to 1.35 times.

(Dyeing step)

Next, one or more kinds of dichroic dyes are adsorbed on the base material obtained through the above-mentioned swelling step. The dyeing step is not particularly limited as long as it is a method of adsorbing the dichroic dye to the substrate. For example, a method of immersing the substrate in a dyeing solution containing a dichroic dye, and The method of coating the dyeing solution of the pigment on the substrate, etc. Among these, the method of immersing in the dyeing solution containing a dichroic dye is preferable. The concentration of the dichroic dye in the dyeing solution is not particularly limited as long as the dichroic dye can be sufficiently adsorbed to the base material, but is preferably, for example, 0.0001 to 1% by mass in the dyeing solution, particularly preferably 0.0001 to 0.5 mass %.

The temperature of the dyeing solution in the dyeing step is preferably 5 to 80°C, more preferably 20 to 50°C, and particularly preferably 40 to 50°C. In addition, the time for immersing the substrate in the dyeing solution can be adjusted appropriately, preferably between 30 seconds and 20 minutes, and particularly preferably between 1 and 10 minutes.

The dichroic dyes contained in the dyeing solution may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The above-mentioned dichroic dyes have different emission colors due to differences in the structure of the dyes. Therefore, by including one or more kinds of the above-mentioned dichroic dyes in the base material, the emission colors can be appropriately adjusted to various kinds. color. In addition, the dyeing solution may further contain one or more kinds of organic dyes and/or fluorescent dyes different from the above-mentioned dichroic dyes if necessary.

When the above-mentioned other fluorescent dyes and/or organic dyes are used in combination, in order to adjust the color of the desired polarizer, the dyes to be blended can be selected and the blending ratio can be adjusted. According to the preparation purpose, the mixing ratio of fluorescent dyes or organic dyes is not particularly limited. Generally, the total amount of these other fluorescent dyes and/or organic dyes is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the polarizing element. used within the range.

Moreover, in addition to each of the above-mentioned dyes, a dyeing adjuvant may be further contained as necessary. Examples of the dyeing adjuvant include sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate (glauber's salt), anhydrous sodium sulfate, and sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium sulfate is preferred. The content of the dyeing auxiliary agent can be arbitrarily adjusted by the above-mentioned immersion time, temperature during dyeing, etc. according to the dyeability of the dichroic dye to be used, and it is preferably 0.0001 to 10% by mass in the dyeing solution, more preferably It is 0.0001 to 2 mass %.

After the above-mentioned dyeing step, in order to remove the dyeing solution adhering to the surface of the base material in the dyeing step, a pre-washing step may be optionally performed. By performing the pre-cleaning step, it is possible to suppress the transfer of the dye remaining on the surface of the substrate to the liquid to be processed next. In the pre-washing step, water is generally used as the washing liquid. As a cleaning method, the dyed substrate is preferably immersed in a cleaning solution, but it can also be cleaned by applying the cleaning solution to the substrate. The washing time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, and particularly preferably 1 to 60 seconds. The temperature of the cleaning solution in the pre-cleaning step must be a temperature that does not dissolve the material constituting the base material, and the cleaning treatment is generally performed at 5 to 40°C. Even if the pre-cleaning step is not performed, the performance of the polarized light-emitting element will not be greatly affected, so the pre-cleaning step can be omitted.

(crosslinking step)

A cross-linking agent may be included in the substrate after the dyeing step or the pre-washing step. In the method of containing the crosslinking agent in the substrate, preferably, the substrate is immersed in a treatment solution containing the crosslinking agent, and on the other hand, the treatment solution may be applied or applied to the substrate. As the crosslinking agent in the treatment solution, a solution containing boric acid is preferably used. The solvent in the treatment solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably water. The concentration of boric acid in the treatment solution is preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, particularly preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass. The temperature of the treatment solution is preferably 30 to 80°C, particularly preferably 40 to 75°C. In addition, the treatment time of this cross-linking step is preferably 30 seconds to 10 minutes, particularly preferably 1 to 6 minutes. Through this cross-linking step, the resulting polarizing element can exhibit high contrast. This result is a completely unexpected excellent effect in the function of boric acid used for the purpose of improving moisture resistance or light penetration in the prior art. In addition, in the cross-linking step, if necessary, curing treatment may be performed together in an aqueous solution containing a cationic polymer compound. By this fixing treatment, the dye in the polarized light-emitting element can be fixed. In this case, as the cationic polymer compound, for example, a polycondensate of dicyandiamide and formaldehyde as a dicyano system, a polycondensate of dicyandiamide-diethylenetriamine as a polyamine system, and a polycondensate of a polycation system can be used. Epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine addition polymer, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride-dioxide ion copolymer, diallylamine salt polymer, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride polymer , polymers of allylamine salts, dialkylamine ethyl acrylate quaternary salt polymers, etc.

(stretching step)

The stretching step is carried out after the above-mentioned cross-linking step. The stretching step is performed by uniaxially stretching the base material in a certain direction, and may be any of a wet stretching method and a dry stretching method. The stretching ratio is preferably 3 times or more, particularly preferably 5 to 8 times, and more preferably stretching is performed at a stretching ratio of 5 to 8 times in an aqueous solution containing boric acid.

In the wet stretching method, the substrate is preferably stretched in water, a water-soluble organic solvent, or the mixed solution. It is especially preferable to carry out the stretching treatment while immersing the base material in a solution containing at least one kind of crosslinking agent. As the cross-linking agent, for example, boric acid in the above-mentioned cross-linking agent step can be used, and preferably, the stretching treatment can be performed in the treatment solution used in the cross-linking step. The stretching temperature is preferably 40 to 70°C, particularly preferably 45 to 60°C. The stretching time is usually 30 seconds to 20 minutes, preferably 2 to 7 minutes. The wet stretching step may be carried out in one-stage stretching, or in multi-stage stretching in two or more stages. The stretching treatment may optionally be performed before the dye-containing step, and at this time, the dye may be aligned at the same time as the dyeing process.

In the dry stretching method, when the stretching heating medium is an air medium, the substrate is preferably stretched at a temperature of the air medium ranging from normal temperature to 180°C. In addition, the humidity is preferably in a gas environment of 20 to 95% RH. The heating method of the base material includes, for example, a roll zone stretching method, a roll heating stretching method, a hot rolling stretching method, and an infrared heating stretching method, but is not limited to these stretching methods. The dry stretching step may be carried out in one-stage stretching, or in multi-stage stretching in two or more stages.

(cleaning step)

During the stretching step, precipitation of the crosslinking agent or impurities may adhere to the surface of the substrate, so a cleaning step for cleaning the surface of the substrate may be performed. The cleaning time is preferably 1 second to 5 minutes. As a cleaning method, the substrate is preferably immersed in the cleaning solution. On the other hand, the cleaning solution may be applied or applied to the substrate for cleaning. The cleaning liquid is preferably water. The cleaning treatment may be carried out in one stage, or in two or more stages of multi-stage treatment. The temperature of the cleaning solution in the cleaning step is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 to 50°C, preferably 10 to 40°C, and may be room temperature.

In addition to the above-mentioned water, the solvent of the solution or treatment liquid used in the above-mentioned steps includes, for example, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, and glycerin. , Alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol or trimethylolpropane, amines such as ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine, etc. The solvent of this solution or treatment liquid is not limited to these, but water is preferable. In addition, the solvent of these solutions or treatment liquids can be used individually by 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types.

(drying step)

The drying step of the substrate is performed after the washing step. Although the drying treatment can be carried out by natural drying, in order to further improve the drying efficiency, it can be carried out by compressing by a roller or removing the surface moisture by an air knife or a suction roller, etc. Air drying is available. The temperature of the drying treatment is preferably 20 to 100°C, particularly preferably 60 to 100°C. The drying time is preferably 30 seconds to 20 minutes, particularly preferably 5 to 10 minutes.

By the above-mentioned manufacturing method, the polarizing element used in the display device of the present invention can be manufactured, and the obtained polarizing element has high durability.

<Protective film>

The polarizing element used in the present invention may be provided with a protective film on one side or both sides of the substrate. The protective film is used to improve the water resistance or handling properties of the polarizing element, and will not affect the polarizing function displayed by the polarizing element.

The protective film is a transparent protective film formed by using a transparent substance. The protective film is a film with a layered shape that can maintain the shape of the polarizing element, preferably a plastic having excellent transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture barrier properties, etc. It is a protective film composed of other materials with the same function. Examples of plastics constituting the protective film include polyester-based resins, acetate-based resins, polyether-based resins, polycarbonate-based resins, polyamide-based resins, polyimide-based resins, and polyamide-based resins. Thermoplastic resins such as olefin-based resins or acrylic-based resins; thermosetting or UV-curable resins such as acrylic-based resins, urethane-based resins, urethane-acrylate-based resins, epoxy-based or polysiloxane-based resins, etc. In the obtained film, among these, the polyolefin-based resin includes an amorphous polyolefin-based resin and has a polymer unit of a cyclic polyolefin such as a norbornene-based monomer or a polycyclic norbornene-based monomer. of resin. Generally speaking, it is preferable to select a protective film that does not hinder the performance of the polarizing film, and this protective film is particularly preferably triacetate cellulose (TAC) or norbornene composed of a cellulose acetate resin. In addition, without impairing the effect of the present invention, the protective film may be subjected to a hard coat treatment or an anti-reflection treatment, or treatment for the purpose of preventing sticking, diffusion, and anti-glare. The thickness of the protective film can be appropriately designed, and is preferably in the range of 1 μm to 200 μm, particularly preferably in the range of 5 μm to 150 μm, and particularly preferably in the range of 10 μm to 100 μm.

[liquid crystal cell]

The structure of the liquid crystal cell used in the display device of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a liquid crystal cell with a general structure can be used. The liquid crystal cell includes, for example, a pair of substrates disposed opposite to each other and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and the phase of polarized light can be controlled by controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal. By this phase control, the polarization of light can be controlled, and the transmission/non-transmission of light can be controlled when sandwiched by a general polarizing plate, and an image can be displayed in a liquid crystal display device. The driving mode of the liquid crystal cell is also not particularly limited, and various modes such as TN type, STN type, VA type, IPS type, OCB type, and ECB type can be used. The substrate used in the liquid crystal cell is not particularly limited as long as the substrate is transparent. For example, it can be a glass substrate made of glass materials such as ITO, or a Flexible substrates made of ethylene dicarboxylate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyimide, polyimide, polyether, polyphenylene sulfide and other resins .

In a TN type liquid crystal cell, when no voltage is applied, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the substrate adjacent to one side is twisted by 90° with respect to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the substrate adjacent to the other side. With the application of the voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are slowly erected vertically, thereby switching from white (bright) display to black (dark) display. The TN type liquid crystal cell can be a liquid crystal cell of STN degree produced when the twist angle of the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules becomes 180° to 270° between the two-sided substrates when no voltage is applied.

In a VA type liquid crystal cell, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically, and when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially horizontally. The VA type liquid crystal cell also includes an MVA type liquid crystal cell in which the VA type is multi-domain in order to widen the viewing angle. In addition, the VA-type liquid crystal cell can be a VA-type liquid crystal cell using display methods such as PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment), photo-alignment (Optical Alignment), and PSA (Polymer-Sustained Alignment: polymer-stabilized alignment). liquid crystal cell.

In the IPS type liquid crystal cell, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically with respect to the substrate, and by applying the voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are rotated laterally to make the liquid crystal molecules react planarly. Since the vertical direction of the liquid crystal molecules is not tilted, a liquid crystal cell with a wide viewing angle can be obtained.

In the OCB type liquid crystal cell, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a substantially arcuate shape with respect to the substrate. When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically. With the application of voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the same direction. There is a flow (flow direction) on the upper surface, so a liquid crystal cell with a high reaction speed can be obtained.

[light source]

In the various display devices of the present invention, a polarized light-emitting element is used that causes light in the visible region to exhibit polarized light emission by absorbing light containing at least ultraviolet rays, or the light containing at least ultraviolet rays is controlled to be at least in the ultraviolet region. The polarization control element for polarized light is used as the polarizing element, so that it can further include a light source that emits at least ultraviolet rays. As the light source, a light source for irradiating ultraviolet rays, a light source for irradiating polarized ultraviolet rays, a light source for irradiating both ultraviolet rays and visible light, and a light source for irradiating light obtained by polarizing both ultraviolet rays and visible light can be used. Examples of the light source for irradiating ultraviolet rays include black light, UV lamps, and UV-LEDs, but are not limited to these, and various irradiation devices and irradiation equipment can be used. The light source for irradiating polarized ultraviolet rays, for example, can be emitted by irradiating ultraviolet rays from such irradiation apparatuses and irradiation equipment through a generally known polarizing plate, polarizing film, etc. that polarize ultraviolet rays. The light source for irradiating both ultraviolet and visible light includes, for example, an ultraviolet-visible fiber light source including a deuterium lamp for the ultraviolet region and a tungsten lamp for the visible region, but it is not limited to these, and various irradiation devices and irradiation equipment can be used. . In addition, the light source for irradiating both ultraviolet rays and visible light may use ultraviolet rays of external light. As a light source for irradiating light obtained by polarizing both ultraviolet rays and visible light, generally known polarizing plates, polarizing films, and the like can be used.

[Light control layer]

Various display devices of the present invention may include a light control layer for controlling light emission from a polarizing element and light irradiated from a light source. The thickness of the light control layer is usually in the range of 1 to 100 μm, preferably in the range of 2 to 60 μm.

<Light Absorbing Layer>

The light absorption layer is provided to absorb light emitted from the polarizing element and light irradiated from the light source. As the light absorbing layer, a generally known visible light absorbing element having high light absorption or light shielding properties, such as black flakes, black films, black plates and the like made of black pigments or black dyes such as carbon black, can be used. On the other hand, it can also be a color plate of red, blue, yellow, etc., a sheet or film with a bright hue of pastel, or a fluorescent plate that can absorb light to obtain fluorescent light. The material that can absorb light is not limited to these, and a light absorbing layer made of any material that can suppress reflection of light or can reuse a specific light wavelength, etc. may be provided.

In addition, an ultraviolet absorbing element, preferably an ultraviolet absorbing film, can also be used as the other light absorbing layer. The ultraviolet absorbing element is installed to prevent the adverse effects of ultraviolet rays on the eyes of the observer. As the ultraviolet absorbing element, for example, commonly known ultraviolet absorbing elements having the function of absorbing ultraviolet rays, such as polyester and polycarbonate resin made of ultraviolet absorbents, can be used, but it is not limited to these. Ultraviolet absorbing element made of any functional material. In addition, in order to observe the displayed image from the side of the ultraviolet absorbing element, the transmittance of the visible light region of the ultraviolet absorbing element is preferably 70% to 99%, more preferably 80% to 99%.

<Light reflection layer>

The light reflection layer is provided to reflect the light emitted from the polarizing element and the light irradiated from the light source. As the light reflection layer, for example, a film or sheet having a reflection layer in which silver, aluminum, etc. are vapor-deposited, a white sheet or film made of a white pigment such as titanium dioxide particles and calcium carbonate, or a light-reflecting film such as a white plate can be used. A generally known light reflection layer is not limited to these, and a light reflection layer made of an arbitrary material having light reflection properties can be provided.

<Phase difference control member>

The retardation control member is an optical medium having retardation, and examples thereof include a wavelength plate, a retardation plate called a retardation film, and the like. Light has properties of waves and particles, and when light is represented as a wave, it means that the phase of the wave can be controlled. When focusing on polarization performance, for example, a retardation plate is an optical functional element that imparts a predetermined phase difference to linearly polarized light, and polarized light can be set differently on other axes (for example, 90° different axes) with respect to light of a specific axis. phase. That is, with respect to a polarized light, by arranging a retardation plate on the light path, it can be converted into a polarized light with a polarization axis whose polarization direction is rotated by 90° (the polarized light of the opposite axis), or can be re-applied from linearly polarized light. Converted to polarized light such as circularly polarized light, elliptical polarized light, etc. Therefore, the retardation plate can change the polarization state of incident light by imparting a retardation to two orthogonal polarization components using an aligned birefringent material (such as a stretched film). The specific application of this retardation plate, for example, when the wavelength of specific light is set to λ, by setting the slow axis of the λ/2 retardation plate to 45° with respect to the polarization axis of linearly polarized light, the incident light on the phase plate can be made The linearly polarized light of the difference plate is rotated by 90°, and is emitted as polarized light having a polarization axis in a direction orthogonal (90°) to the incident polarization axis. Relative to the angle of the polarization axis of linear polarized light, an error of about 10° can be tolerated relative to 45°, but it is preferably in the range of 40-50°, more preferably in the range of 42-48°, and particularly preferably in the range of 44-46° range to configure. Further, when the slow axis of the λ/4 retardation plate is set to 45° with respect to the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light incident on the retardation plate can be emitted as circularly polarized light. In addition, in recent years, the polarized light elimination film is also utilized. The so-called polarizing film is a member that removes polarized light by controlling, for example, a specific high retardation, and specifically, "SRF" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., etc., is mentioned. This polarized light removal film can also be used to remove polarized light of the emitted light. The transmittance of the polarized light elimination film is preferably 50-99%, more preferably 70-99%, and more preferably 80-99%.

<Phase plate>

The retardation plate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a half-wave plate, a quarter-wave plate, and the like. Specifically, the term "1/4λ with respect to a wavelength of 540 nm" means that a retardation plate having a retardation of 135 nm is a value of 1/4λ. The quarter wave plate is not limited to these, and a retardation plate made of any material can be used. In order to prevent the generation of double images on the display due to the reflection of light emitted from the polarizing element, a 1/4 wavelength plate is preferred. This retardation plate, for example, a 1/4 wavelength plate or a 1/2 wavelength plate, can be used, for example, by uniaxial stretching so that the retardation becomes equal to the 1/4 wavelength of the wavelength of the incident light. 1/4 wavelength plate made of polycarbonate or cycloolefin polymer film, etc.

[Polarizing plate, polarization control member]

The display device of the present invention may further include a polarizing plate (polarization control member) for polarizing the light emitted from the polarizing element and the light irradiated from the light source. The thickness of the polarizing plate is usually in the range of 10 to 200 μm, preferably in the range of 10 to 180 μm. In addition, from the viewpoint of ensuring the viewability of the landscape located on the back side of the liquid crystal cell, the transmittance of the visible light region of the polarizing plate can be used with the same transmittance as the general polarizing plate, generally 35% to 50%. %, preferably 38% to 45%, particularly preferably 40% to 44%.

<Polarizer O-UVP>

The polarizing plate O-UVP penetrates ultraviolet light and has high transmittance in the visible light region, so the transmitted visible light is hardly controlled by polarization, or has the ability to transmit visible light with a significantly low degree of polarization. function. The polarizing plate O-UVP is not particularly limited as long as it has this function. For example, a stretched polarizing film with a water-soluble compound having an ultraviolet polarizing function can be used, such as those described in Japanese International Publication No. 2005/015275, etc. The polarizing plate of the polarizing film. The above functions, specifically, when the corrected transmittance of the visible light region is 60% or more, the polarization degree of the ultraviolet region is 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 99% or more, and particularly preferably 99.9 %above. As a particularly preferred aspect, when the corrected transmittance of the visible light region is 80% or more, the polarization degree of the ultraviolet region is 90% or more, and particularly preferably 99% or more.

<Polarizer V+UVP>

The polarizing plate V+UVP has the function of imparting the polarizing function to both ultraviolet and visible light. The polarizing plate V+UVP is not particularly limited as long as it has this function. For example, a polarizing plate with the following polarizing films can be used, that is, a water-soluble compound that can impart ultraviolet polarizing function and a general compound that can impart visible light polarizing function can be used. Dichroic dye is a polarizing film obtained by making the formulation adsorbed on a substrate and stretching. This polarizing plate V+UVP can be used as a polarizing plate for polarizing not only ultraviolet but also visible light.

<UV penetration polarizer>

Ultraviolet light that penetrates the polarizing plate absorbs less ultraviolet light and has high transmittance in the ultraviolet region. The absorption axis of the plate is the function that the coaxial visible light does not penetrate or almost does not penetrate. Preferably, the degree of polarization of the UV-transmitting polarizer in the ultraviolet region is no or low polarizing function. The UV transmissive polarizing plate is not particularly limited as long as it has the function, and for example, a general dichroic dye having a visible light polarizing function can be used as the polarizing plate of the polarizing film. In particular, the use of dichroic dyes with strong absorption in the visible light region and no absorption in the ultraviolet region can produce a particularly good UV-transmitting polarizer. A polarizing plate using a general dichroic dye does not have strong absorption in the ultraviolet region, so it can be used as a polarizing plate that transmits light in the ultraviolet region. The transmittance of the polarizing plate has a polarizing function of more than 90% in the visible light region, and the transmittance in the ultraviolet region is preferably more than 30%, more preferably more than 40%, more preferably more than 50%, Excellent is more than 60%.

<UV non-transmitting polarizer>

The UV non-transmissive polarizer does not transmit ultraviolet rays. On the other hand, although the polarized light incident on the visible light coaxial with the polarization axis of the polarizer is transmitted, the visible light incident on the absorption axis of the polarizer is coaxial. Features that do not penetrate or barely penetrate. That is, it means a general polarizing plate having the function of cutting off ultraviolet rays. This UV non-transmitting polarizing plate is not particularly limited as long as it has this function, and a generally commercially available polarizing plate, that is, a general iodine-based polarizing plate, etc. can be used. As this UV non-transmitting polarizing plate, for example, iodine-based polarizing plates SKN series, KN series, etc. manufactured by Polatechno can be used.

<Polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm>

The polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm is used to polarize and transmit light in the wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm. In addition, since it absorbs light in the wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm, it shows yellow to orange. Since it has high visual sensitivity with high transmittance mainly in 550 nm, it can have high visual transmittance. Visible light that penetrates other than light in the wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm is hardly controlled by polarization or has a function of transmitting visible light with a remarkably low degree of polarization. This function, specifically, when the visual sensitivity correction transmittance in the visible light region is 60% or more, the polarization degree in the wavelength region of 400~480nm is 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 99% or more, Excellent is more than 99.9%. As a particularly preferred aspect, when the corrected transmittance of the visual sensitivity in the visible light region is 80% or more, the polarization degree in the wavelength region of 400 to 480 nm is 90% or more, particularly preferably 99% or more. The polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm is not particularly limited as long as it has this function. For example, a polarizing plate having a polarizing film aligned with an azo compound having high dichroism in the wavelength region of 400 to 480 nm can be preferably used. For azo compounds having high dichroism in the wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm, dichroic dyes having yellow or orange can be used. Although this dichroic dye is not specifically limited, For example, the compounds described in C.I.Direct Yellow 12, C.I.Direct Yellow 72, C.I.Direct Orange 39, C.I.Direct Orange 72, and Japanese International Publication No. 2007/138980 can be used.

[Stereoscopic display control member]

The stereoscopic display device or the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention is provided with a stereoscopic display control member for achieving stereoscopic vision using binocular parallax. The stereoscopic display control member only needs to have the function of controlling the polarized light that can transmit light with different polarization axes on the left eye and the right eye. This function is given by etc., or the left eye and the right eye are respectively used to set the phase difference plate on the left eye and the right eye to penetrate different phase differences, but it is not limited to these. With this display method, the left and right eyes of the observer can observe different display bodies, and the display bodies can be viewed overlappingly. This result enables stereoscopic vision or a stereoscopic image to be reflected on the viewer's eye.

[Colored light transmission filter]

The tinted light transmission filter can be a tinted light transmission filter used in a general liquid crystal display device, and specifically, it is a filter with the function of converting white into various colors of red, blue, green, and yellow. color filter. Materials for color filters include, for example, "Application of Functional Pigments, 1st Edition, published by CMC Corporation, supervised by Masahiro Irie, P87-95", "Functional pigments for electronic applications, 1st edition, published by CMC Corporation, Tokida." Superintendent Sumio, P41-50", but not limited to the pigments described.

Materials for color filters include materials such as pigments and quantum dots (quantum rods) that can convert the wavelength of light in the ultraviolet region to be irradiated and light emitted from polarized light-emitting elements into light of other colors, and quantum dots (quantum rods), etc. as a preferred form. The pigment in this case may be a dye or a pigment. The so-called quantum dots (quantum rods) are nanoscale colloidal semiconductors, and have the function of adjusting the energy band gap (color) by the size of the colloid. The color filter is responsible for converting the light in the ultraviolet region that cannot be seen by the human eye, or converting the light emitted by the polarized light-emitting element into red, yellow, green, blue, etc. when the light in the ultraviolet region is irradiated. Therefore, the material of the color filter is preferably a pigment or quantum dot that can convert light in the ultraviolet region or light from a polarized light-emitting element into light of other colors such as red, yellow, green, and blue.

The following are examples of dyes and quantum dots that can convert wavelengths. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.

Absorbs light from ultraviolet region (~380nm) to blue-green wavelength region (light of 380~500nm, preferably 400~480nm) and emits light in yellow light region (with the highest luminance at 550~600nm, preferably 570 ~590nm) fluorescent fluorescent dyes, for example, perylene dyes; Lumogen Red, Lumogen Yellow, Lumogen Orange, other boron-dipyrromethane (BODIPY; Boron-dipyrromethene) dyes, squaraine (Squaraine) ) are pigments, etc. In addition, various dyes (direct dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, etc.) can be used as long as they have fluorescence.

(Oxazine)系色素等。再者，亦可使用各種螢光性染料(直接染料、酸性染料、鹼性染料、分散染料等)。 As a fluorescent dye that absorbs light in the wavelength region from the ultraviolet region to the blue-green wavelength region and emits light in the red light region (with the highest luminescence brightness at 600-700 nm, preferably 600-640 nm), for example, DCJTB can be cited; Rhodamine B, Rose Bengal 6G, Rose Bengal 3B, Rose Bengal 101, Rose Bengal 110, Rose Bengal Sulfonate, Basic Violet 111, Basic Violet 2, etc. Rose Bengal pigments; 4-Dicyanomethylene -2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM) and other Cyanine dyes; 1-ethyl-2-[4-(p- Dimethylaminophenyl)-1,3-butadienyl]-pyridine salt-perchlorate (pyridine 1) and other pyridine-based pigments; or

(Oxazine) pigment and so on. Furthermore, various fluorescent dyes (direct dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, etc.) can also be used.

(9,9a,1-gh)香豆素(香豆素153)等之香豆素系色素，或是香豆素色素系染料之Basic Yellow 51，以及Solvent Yellow 11、Solvent Yellow 116等之萘二甲醯亞胺系色素等。此外，例如可使用「Japanese Journal of Polymer Science and Technology,63(10),675,(2006)」所記載之含可溶性三(8-羥基喹啉)鋁之樹枝狀聚合物AlClq₃。再者，亦可使用各種螢光性染料(直接染料、酸性染料、鹼性染料、分散染料等)。 Examples of fluorescent dyes that absorb light in the ultraviolet region to the blue-green wavelength region and emit fluorescence in the green light region (with the highest luminescence brightness at 500 to 570 nm, preferably 530 to 560 nm) include, for example, 3-( 2'-benzothiazolyl)-7-diethylamino coumarin (coumarin 6), 3-(2'-benzimidazolyl)-7-N,N-diethylamino coumarin Coumarin (Coumarin 7), 3-(2'-N-methylbenzimidazolyl)-7-N,N-diethylaminocoumarin (Coumarin 30), 2,3, 5,6-1H,4H-tetrahydro-8-trifluoromethylquine

(9,9a,1-gh) Coumarin-based dyes such as coumarin (Coumarin 153), or Basic Yellow 51 of coumarin-based dyes, and naphthalene such as Solvent Yellow 11 and Solvent Yellow 116 Dimethylimide pigments, etc. In addition, for example, AlClq ₃ , a soluble tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum-containing dendrimer described in "Japanese Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 63(10), 675, (2006)" can be used. Furthermore, various fluorescent dyes (direct dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, etc.) can also be used.

The above quantum dots include, for example, the compounds described in "Production and characteristic evaluation of nano-phosphors that convert near-ultraviolet wavelengths to red and green, 2010 Keio University Graduate School of Science and Technology Takeshita Takeshita". "CSH-530-04" (manufactured by Quantum Design Japan) is a dye that converts the wavelength of blue light into green light and emits light, and "CSH-655-" is a dye that converts the wavelength of blue light to red light and emits light. 04" and so on.

By combining the colored light transmission filter with the above-mentioned liquid crystal cell, polarized light-emitting element, and polarizing plate, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device with higher color rendering can be provided. The colored light transmission filter can be arranged at any position on the structure of the display device. The arrangement position of the surface of the display device, between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell, etc., is not limited. In particular, the colored light transmission filter is preferably provided on the display side (viewer side) with respect to the polarizing element provided in the display device.

One of the preferred aspects of the liquid crystal display device includes the use of a polarized light-emitting element that emits blue light with a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm, and a polarized light emitting element having at least one light-emitting element that absorbs 400 to 480 nm. Blue light and emitting fluorescent light in the wavelength range of 530~670nm. The colored light of the color filter penetrates the filter. By containing a polarized light-emitting element whose emission color is blue with a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm, and a phosphor with a part or all of the emission spectrum in the wavelength range of 530 to 670 nm, it can be as follows White LED-like display white light. Generally speaking, when the medium having the maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 400~480nm, the medium with the maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 530~570nm, and the medium with the maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 600~650nm are set as When the fluorescent light-emitting medium has a part or all of the light-emitting spectrum in each wavelength range, the fluorescent light-emitting medium has the function as a preferred white light-emitting body.

In addition, when at least one of the fluorescent color filters has a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 530 to 570 nm, it functions as a color filter for displaying green emission. Therefore, by using a color filter having a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 530 to 570 nm, the emission color can be converted to green. In addition, when at least one of the fluorescent color filters has a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 600 to 650 nm, it functions as a color filter that displays red light emission. Therefore, by using a color filter having a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 600 to 650 nm, the emission color can be converted to red. Furthermore, by making the colored light transmission filter have a color filter with a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 530 to 570 nm and a color filter with a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 600 to 650 nm, the color filter can be The light emission color is converted into a green part and a red part.

An example of a preferred embodiment of the colored light penetrating filter can be exemplified that the emission color of the polarized light-emitting element displays blue emission with a maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 400 to 480 nm, and the liquid crystal display device is structured as follows. According to the order of the polarizer O-UVP/liquid crystal cell/polarized light-emitting element/colored light transmission filter. In this configuration, when the polarized light-emitting element is irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region from the O-UVP side of the polarizing plate, and the polarized light-emitting element exhibits blue light emission, the blue color filter can be eliminated and the utilization efficiency of blue light can be improved. In addition, when a color filter having a dye capable of wavelength conversion from blue light is used, blue light can be converted into red, yellow, and green. In this embodiment, the arrangement position of the colored light transmission filter is only an example, and the colored light transmission filter can also be disposed in the liquid crystal cell, or between the liquid crystal cell and the polarized light-emitting element, for example.

Another example of the preferred embodiment of the colored light penetrating filter can be cited as the light emission color of the polarized light-emitting element showing blue light emission with the maximum emission wavelength in the wavelength range of 400-480 nm, and the structure of the liquid crystal display device. It is composed according to the order of polarized light-emitting element/liquid crystal cell/polarizer V+UVP, UV transmissive polarizer or UV non-transmissive polarizer/colored light transmissive filter. In this configuration, when the polarized light emitting element is irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region and the polarized light emitting element exhibits blue light emission, the blue color filter is not required to improve the utilization efficiency of blue light. In addition, if a color filter having a dye capable of wavelength conversion from blue light is used, blue light can be converted into red, yellow, and green. In this embodiment, the disposition position of the colored light transmission filter is only an example, and the colored light transmission filter can also be disposed between the polarized light-emitting element and the liquid crystal cell, in the liquid crystal cell, or between the liquid crystal cell and the liquid crystal cell, for example. between polarizers.

[Other functional layers]

In the above-mentioned various display devices, various generally known functional layers, such as a hard coat layer, an anti-glare layer, an anti-static layer, etc., are appropriately provided as necessary. In the production of the various functional layers, it is preferable to apply materials with various functional properties to the exposed surfaces of the constituent members used in the various display devices of the present invention. The agent attaches the layer or film having this function to the exposed surface of the constituent member.

In addition, various display devices can be used alone, or combined with OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode; Organic Light Emitting Diode), inorganic LED (Light Emitting Diode), LCD (liquid crystal display; liquid crystal display), CRT (Cathode Ray Tube; Cathode ray tube), FED (Field Emission Display; Field Emission Display) and other displays are used in combination. Since the display device of the present invention has high transmittance in the visible light region, and can display images, animations, characters, etc. by using the polarized light emission of the polarizing element, it can be installed in front of other displays, and can be used as a Transparent displays with images different from other displays. Furthermore, since the various display devices of the present invention can be produced by applying the display structure of the conventional display device, they can be produced simply and inexpensively.

[Example]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but these are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the "%" and "part" described below are the quality standards unless otherwise specified. In each structural formula of the compound used in each Example and the comparative example, acidic functional groups, such as a sulfonic acid group, are described in the form of a free acid.

<Preparation of dichroic dyes> (Synthesis Example 1)

35.2 parts of commercially available 4-amino-4'-nitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid were added to 300 parts of water, stirred, and adjusted to pH 0.5 using 35% hydrochloric acid. 10.9 parts of a 40% aqueous sodium nitrite solution was added to the obtained solution, stirred at 10° C. for 1 hour, then 17.2 parts of 6-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid was added, and the pH was adjusted to 4.0 with a 15% aqueous sodium carbonate solution. Stir for 4 hours. 60 parts of sodium chloride was added to the obtained reaction liquid, and the precipitated solid was separated by filtration and washed with 100 parts of acetone, thereby obtaining 124.0 parts of a wet cake of the compound of the formula (6) as an intermediate.

62.3 parts of obtained intermediates of formula (6) were added to 300 parts of water, stirred, and adjusted to pH 10.0 using a 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. 20 parts of 28% ammonia water and 9.0 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate were added to the obtained solution, and the mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 2 hours. 25 parts of sodium chloride was added to the obtained reaction solution, and the precipitated solid was separated by filtration and washed with 100 parts of acetone to obtain 40.0 parts of a wet cake of the compound of formula (7). This wet cake was dried with a hot air dryer at 80°C to obtain 20.0 parts of a compound (λmax: 376 nm) of the following formula (7).

(Synthesis example 2)

41.4 parts of commercially available sodium 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate were added to 300 parts of water, stirred, and adjusted to pH 0.5 using 35% hydrochloric acid. 10.9 parts of a 40% aqueous sodium nitrite solution was added to the obtained solution, stirred at 10° C. for 1 hour, then 34.4 parts of 6-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid was added, and the pH was adjusted to 4.0 with a 15% aqueous sodium carbonate solution. Stir for 4 hours. 60 parts of sodium chloride was added to the obtained reaction liquid, and the precipitated solid was separated by filtration and washed with 100 parts of acetone to obtain 124.0 parts of a wet cake of the compound of the formula (8) as an intermediate.

83.8 parts of the obtained compound of formula (8) were added to 300 parts of water, stirred, and adjusted to pH 10.0 using a 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. 20 parts of 28% ammonia water and 9.0 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate were added to the obtained solution, and the mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 2 hours. 25 parts of sodium chloride was added to the obtained reaction liquid, and the precipitated solid was separated by filtration and washed with 100 parts of acetone to obtain 40.0 parts of a wet cake of the compound of formula (9). This wet cake was dried with a hot air dryer at 80°C to obtain 20.0 parts of the compound of the following formula (9).

<Production of polarized light-emitting element and polarized light-emitting plate> (Fabrication of polarized light-emitting element)

A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS#7500, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 75 μm was immersed in warm water at 40° C. for 3 minutes to swell the film. The swollen film was immersed in Synthesis Example 1 containing 1.0 part of an aqueous solution of disodium 4,4'-bis-(styrylsulfonate)biphenyl described in Compound Example 5-1 (Tinopal NFW Liquid manufactured by BASF Corporation) 0.3 part of the compound of the formula (7) obtained, 1.0 part of Glauber's salt, and 1500 parts of water at 45° C. contained the above-mentioned components for 4 minutes. The obtained film was immersed in a 3% boric acid aqueous solution at 50° C. for 5 minutes and stretched to 5 times. The stretched film was washed with water at room temperature for 20 seconds while maintaining tension, and was dried to obtain a polarized light-emitting element (hereinafter also referred to as a polarized light-emitting element).

(Production of polarizing light-emitting plate using polarizing element)

Both sides of a cellulose triacetate film (ZRD-60, manufactured by Fujifilm) were treated at 35°C for 10 minutes with a 1.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, washed with water, and then dried at 70°C for 10 minutes. minute. The cellulose triacetate film obtained by the alkali treatment was laminated on the double side of the polarizing element (polarizing light-emitting element) produced above through an aqueous solution containing 4% polyvinyl alcohol resin (NH-26 manufactured by Japan VAM & Poval Co., Ltd.). The surface was dried at 70° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a polarizing light-emitting plate. Hereinafter, this polarizing light-emitting plate is referred to as a polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate.

(Production of white polarized light-emitting element)

A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS#7500, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 75 μm was immersed in warm water at 40° C. for 3 minutes to swell the film. The swollen film was immersed in an aqueous solution containing 0.3 parts by weight of the compound (7) obtained in Synthesis Example 1, 0.8 parts by weight of the compound (13) obtained in Synthesis Example 2, 1.0 parts of Glauber's salt and 1500 parts of water at 45°C 4 minutes with the aforementioned ingredients. The obtained film was immersed in a 3% boric acid aqueous solution at 50°C for 5 minutes and stretched to 5 times. The stretched film was washed with water at room temperature for 20 seconds while maintaining tension, and was dried to obtain a polarized light-emitting element (hereinafter also referred to as a polarized light-emitting element).

(Production of polarized light-emitting plate using white polarized light-emitting element)

Both sides of a cellulose triacetate film (ZRD-60, manufactured by Fujifilm) were treated at 35°C for 10 minutes with a 1.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, washed with water, and then dried at 70°C for 10 minutes. minute. Through an aqueous solution containing 4% polyvinyl alcohol resin (NH-26 manufactured by Japan VAM & Poval Co., Ltd.), the cellulose triacetate film obtained by the alkali treatment was laminated on both sides of the white polarized light-emitting element obtained above. The polarized light-emitting plate was obtained by drying at 70°C for 10 minutes. When the obtained polarizing light-emitting plate was irradiated with ultraviolet rays, white light emission was exhibited, and it was confirmed that the light was polarized through the polarizing plate to confirm the light emission. Hereinafter, this polarizing light-emitting plate is described as a white polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate.

(Production of blue polarized light-emitting element and blue polarized light-emitting polarizing plate)

In the production of the above-mentioned white polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate, except that the compound (7) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 was not used, a polarizing light-emitting plate was obtained in the same manner. Hereinafter, this polarizing light-emitting plate is described as a blue polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate.

<Production of UV penetrating polarizer> (Fabrication of UV transmission polarizer)

A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS#7500, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 75 μm was immersed in warm water at 40° C. for 3 minutes to swell the film. The swollen film was immersed in an aqueous solution containing 0.3 parts of C.I.Direct Orange 39, 0.1 parts of C.I.Direct Red 81, 0.3 parts of C.I.Direct Blue 69, 1.0 parts of Glauber's salt and 1500 parts of water at 45°C for 4 minutes to contain the aforementioned components . The obtained film was immersed in a 3% boric acid aqueous solution at 50°C for 5 minutes and stretched to 5 times. The stretched film was washed with water at room temperature for 20 seconds while maintaining tension, and dried to obtain a UV transmissive polarizer.

(Production of UV penetration polarizer)

Both sides of a cellulose triacetate film (ZRD-60, manufactured by Fujifilm) were treated at 35°C for 10 minutes with a 1.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, washed with water, and then dried at 70°C for 10 minutes. minute. Through an aqueous solution containing 4% polyvinyl alcohol resin (NH-26 manufactured by Japan VAM & Poval), the cellulose triacetate film obtained by the alkali treatment was laminated on both sides of the UV transmissive polarizer produced above, The polarizing plate was obtained by drying at 70 degreeC for 10 minutes. Hereinafter, this polarizing plate is referred to as a UV transmissive polarizing plate.

<Production of polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm> (Production of polarizing element for 400 to 480 nm)

A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS#7500 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 75 μm was immersed in warm water at 40° C. for 3 minutes to swell the film. The film obtained by swelling was immersed for 4 minutes in an aqueous solution containing 0.3 parts of C.I. Direct Orange 39, 1.0 part of Glauber's salt, and 1,500 parts of water at 45° C. to contain the components described above. The obtained film was immersed in a 3% boric acid aqueous solution at 50°C for 5 minutes and stretched to 5 times. The stretched film was washed with water at room temperature for 20 seconds while maintaining tension, and dried to obtain a polarizing element for 400 to 480 nm having a maximum degree of polarization at 450 nm and a polarizing effect at 400 to 480 nm.

(Production of polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm)

Both sides of a cellulose triacetate film (ZRD-60, manufactured by Fujifilm) were treated at 35°C for 10 minutes with a 1.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, washed with water, and then dried at 70°C for 10 minutes. minute. The cellulose triacetate film obtained by the alkali treatment was laminated with a polarized light of 400 to 480 nm having a polarizing effect at 400 to 480 nm through an aqueous solution containing 4% polyvinyl alcohol resin (NH-26 manufactured by Japan VAM & Poval Co., Ltd.). Both sides of the element were dried at 70° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a polarizing plate. This polarizing plate is hereinafter referred to as a polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm.

<Production of polarizing plate O-UVP> (Production of polarizing element O-UVP)

A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS#7500, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 75 μm was immersed in warm water at 40° C. for 3 minutes to swell the film. The swollen film was immersed in an aqueous solution containing 0.3 parts of C.I. DirectYellow 28, 1.0 parts of Glauber's salt and 1500 parts of water at 45°C for 4 minutes to contain the aforementioned components. The obtained film was immersed in a 3% boric acid aqueous solution at 50°C for 5 minutes and stretched to 5 times. The stretched film was washed with water at room temperature for 20 seconds while maintaining tension, and dried to obtain a polarizing element O-UVP with a maximum polarization degree at 408 nm and a polarization function with respect to light of 350-420 nm.

(Production of polarizing plate O-UVP)

Both sides of a cellulose triacetate film (ZRD-60, manufactured by Fujifilm) were treated at 35°C for 10 minutes with a 1.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, washed with water, and then dried at 70°C for 10 minutes. minute. Through an aqueous solution containing 4% polyvinyl alcohol resin (NH-26 manufactured by Japan VAM & Poval), the cellulose triacetate film obtained by the alkali treatment was laminated on both sides of the polarizing element O-UVP prepared above, The polarizing plate was obtained by drying at 70 degreeC for 10 minutes. This polarizing plate is hereinafter referred to as polarizing plate O-UVP.

<Production of polarizing plate V+UVP> (Fabrication of polarizing element V+UVP)

A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-PS#7500, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 75 μm was immersed in warm water at 40° C. for 3 minutes to swell the film. The swollen film was immersed in a 45°C solution containing 0.22 parts of C.I.Direct Yellow 28, 0.3 parts of C.I.Direct Orange 39, 0.1 parts of C.I.Direct Red 81, 0.3 parts of C.I.Direct Blue 69, 1.0 parts of Glauber's salt and 1500 parts of water. The above-mentioned components were contained in the aqueous solution for 4 minutes. The obtained film was immersed in a 3% boric acid aqueous solution at 50°C for 5 minutes and stretched to 5 times. The stretched film was washed with water at room temperature for 20 seconds while maintaining tension, and was dried to obtain a polarizing element V+UVP.

(Production of polarizer V+UVP)

Both sides of a cellulose triacetate film (ZRD-60, manufactured by Fujifilm) were treated at 35°C for 10 minutes with a 1.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, washed with water, and then dried at 70°C for 10 minutes. minute. Through an aqueous solution containing 4% polyvinyl alcohol resin (NH-26 manufactured by Japan VAM & Poval), the cellulose triacetate film obtained by the alkali treatment was laminated on both sides of the polarizing element V+UVP prepared above, The polarizing plate was obtained by drying at 70 degreeC for 10 minutes. Hereinafter, this polarizing plate is referred to as polarizing plate V+UVP.

(UV non-transmitting polarizer)

As a UV non-transmissive polarizing plate, SKN-18243P manufactured by Polatechno Co., Ltd. was used. The so-called UV non-transmissive polarizing plate is a general polarizing plate that has a high polarizing function in the visible light region and has a significantly low transmittance of light in the ultraviolet region.

Each of the obtained polarizing plates was evaluated as follows.

[Evaluate] (a) Single penetration rate Ts, parallel position penetration rate Tp and orthogonal position penetration rate Tc

Using a spectrophotometer (“U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), the single-piece transmittance Ts, the parallel-position transmittance Tp, and the orthogonal-position transmittance Tc of each polarizing plate were measured. Here, the single transmittance Ts is the transmittance of each wavelength when each polarizing plate is measured by one sheet. The parallel position transmittance Tp is the spectral transmittance of each wavelength measured by overlapping two polarizing plates so that the absorption axis directions are parallel. The cross-position transmittance Tc is the spectral transmittance measured by overlapping two polarizing plates so that the absorption axes are orthogonal. The measurement is performed covering the wavelength region of 220 to 780 nm.

(b) Degree of polarization ρ

The degree of polarization ρ of each polarizing plate was calculated by substituting the parallel position transmittance Tp and the orthogonal position transmittance Tc into the following formula (I).

ρ ={(Tp-Tc)/(Tp+Tc)} ^1/2 ×100‧‧‧Formula (I)

(c) Visual sensitivity correction monomer penetration rate Ys

The visual sensitivity correction monomer transmittance Ys of each polarizing plate is the above-mentioned monomer transmittance Ts measured at every predetermined wavelength interval dλ (here, 5 nm) in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm in the visible light region, According to JIS Z 8722:2009, it is the penetration rate after correction of visual sensitivity. Specifically, the monomer penetration rate Ts was substituted into the following formula (II) and calculated. In the following formula (II), Pλ represents the spectral distribution of standard light (C light source), and yλ represents an isochromatic function of a 2-degree field of view.

Table 1 shows the monomer transmittance ( Ts 375), the degree of polarization at 375 nm (ρ 375), the corrected single transmittance (Ys) of the visual sensitivity, and the degree of polarization (ρy) corrected to the visual sensitivity. In addition, Table 2 shows the obtained white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate, blue polarized light-emitting polarizing plate, polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm, polarizing plate O-UVP, and UV non-transmitting polarizing plate. Monomer transmittance (Ts 375), polarization degree at 375nm (ρ 375), monomer transmittance at 460nm (Ts 460), polarization degree at 460nm (ρ 460), transmittance corrected to visual sensitivity (Ys ) and corrected to the degree of polarization (ρy) of visual sensitivity. The polarizing function of the polarizing plates in the ultraviolet region and the visible light region in each of the obtained polarizing plates can be known.

As shown in Table 1, the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate has absorption in the ultraviolet region and shows a high degree of polarization. From this result, it can be seen that the polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate has the function of controlling ultraviolet rays into polarized light. In addition, the polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate shows a transmittance of more than 90%, which is the transmittance of the visible light region, so it can be seen that the polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate has a polarization control function in the ultraviolet region, and at the same time Shows high transparency in the visible light region.

In addition, as shown in Table 2, the white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate and the blue polarized light-emitting polarizing plate both have absorption in the ultraviolet region and show a high degree of polarization. From this result, it can be seen that the white polarizing light emitting type polarizing plate and the blue polarizing light emitting type polarizing plate have the function of controlling ultraviolet rays into polarized light. In addition, the white polarized light emitting type polarizing plate and the blue polarized light emitting type polarizing plate have a transmittance of more than 90%, which is the transmittance of the visible light region. The blue polarized light-emitting polarizing plate has a polarization control function in the ultraviolet region, and at the same time shows high transparency in the visible light region.

(d) Measurement of photoluminescence

Use UV LED 375nm hand lamp type black light ("PW-UV943H-04" manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as the light source, and then set the filter for ultraviolet penetration and visible light cutoff on the light source ("IUV-UV- 340") to cut off visible light. A polarizing plate (“SKN-18043P” manufactured by Polatechno Co., Ltd., thickness 180 μm, Ys: 43%) (hereinafter referred to as “polarizing plate for measurement”) having a polarizing function with respect to light in the visible region and ultraviolet region was installed above it (hereinafter referred to as “polarizing plate for measurement”) and Each polarizing plate (measurement sample) obtained above was then measured for the polarized light emitted by each measurement sample using a spectroradiometer (“USR-40” manufactured by USHIO Corporation). That is, the light irradiated from the light source passes through the filter for penetrating ultraviolet rays and blocking visible light, the polarizing plate for measurement, and the measurement sample in order, and the polarized light from each measurement sample is incident on the spectroradiometer. Configured for measurement. At this time, the amount of spectral luminescence of each wavelength measured so that the absorption axis at which the absorption of light in the ultraviolet region of each measurement sample becomes the maximum is parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate for measurement is taken as Lw (weak luminescence axis). ), the spectral luminescence amount of each wavelength measured so that the absorption axis at which the absorption of light in the ultraviolet region of each measurement sample becomes the maximum is orthogonal to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate for measurement is taken as Ls (strong luminescence axis ), and measured Lw and Ls. By confirming the energy of light emitted in the visible light region when the absorption axis of each measurement sample and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate for measurement are parallel and orthogonal, the polarized light in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm in the visible light region is evaluated. glow.

Table 3 and Table 4 show the Ls and Lw of each obtained measurement sample at each wavelength of 460 nm, 550 nm, 610 m, and 670 nm.

As shown in Table 3, only the polarized light emitting type polarizing plate detected measured values for Lw and Ls at each wavelength (the difference between the value of Lw and the value of Ls was at least 0.03 or more). From this result, it can be seen that the polarized light emitting type polarizer emits light by irradiating ultraviolet rays covering a wide visible light region of 400-700 nm, and has the polarized light emitting function of displaying polarized light.

In addition, as shown in Table 4, in the white polarizing light emitting type polarizing plate and the blue polarizing light emitting type polarizing plate, remarkably high Lw value and Ls value were detected. From this result, it can be seen that light is emitted strongly by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, and the light emission has polarized light. In particular, the light emission color system a* value of the white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is -0.67, and the b* value is -1.2. From this result, it can be seen that the white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate emits white light. On the other hand, since the polarizing plate of the blue polarized light emission type has high luminance at 460 nm, it can be found that blue light emission is emitted.

(Liquid Crystal Cell)

A digital desktop clock D011 (clock A No. 7) manufactured by Daiso Japan was disassembled and the liquid crystal cell was taken out. Then, the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal cell was removed, and this was used as the liquid crystal cell used in the following examples.

[Example 1]

The polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate is bonded to the liquid crystal cell. The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is bonded so that the polarization axis for displaying polarized light emission and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate bonded to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial. Configure the UV LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as the light source, and then set the polarizer V+UVP of the polarizer in the ultraviolet and visible regions at the irradiation port of the light source. The light from the ultraviolet region of the light source to the near-ultraviolet visible light region is polarized and irradiated on the display device of the liquid crystal cell. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display having the structure of the display device shown in FIG. 2 . When polarized ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the liquid crystal cell from a light source, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed from both the liquid crystal cell side and the polarized light-emitting type polarizer side. Since the ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes are utilized and the light irradiated from the light source is polarized ultraviolet rays, this display device can be preferably applied to a display requiring high confidentiality.

[Example 2]

The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is attached to black paper as a visible light absorbing element, and then the liquid crystal cell is attached to the polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate. The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is bonded so that the polarization axis for displaying polarized light emission and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate bonded to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial. Configure the UV LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as the light source, and then set the polarizer V+UVP of the polarizer in the ultraviolet and visible regions at the irradiation port of the light source. The light from the ultraviolet region of the light source to the near-ultraviolet visible light region is polarized and irradiated on the display device of the liquid crystal cell. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display having the structure of the display device shown in FIG. 3 . When polarized ultraviolet rays are irradiated with a light source from the liquid crystal cell side, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed with high contrast. Since the ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes are utilized and the light irradiated from the light source is polarized ultraviolet rays, this display device can be preferably applied to a display requiring high confidentiality.

[Example 3]

The polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate was attached to a cellulose triacetate film (TD-80 manufactured by Fujifilm) having an ultraviolet absorption function as an ultraviolet-absorbing film, and then the liquid crystal cell was attached to the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate. The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is bonded so that the polarization axis for displaying polarized light emission and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate bonded to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial. Then, the polarizing plate O-UVP is bonded to the opposite surface of the liquid crystal cell to which the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is bonded. At this time, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate O-UVP is bonded so that the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate is 90°. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is arranged as a light source, and the light is irradiated from the O-UVP side of the polarizing plate. With the above configuration, a display device capable of irradiating a liquid crystal cell with polarized ultraviolet rays from a light source is produced. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display having the structure of the display device shown in FIG. 25 . When ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the liquid crystal cell from the light source, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed from both the O-UVP side of the polarizing plate and the ultraviolet absorbing film side, which is a high transparency with a visible light transmittance of 85%. Liquid crystal display device. In addition, since the ultraviolet absorbing film is used, absorption of ultraviolet rays that may be incident from the outside of the display device can also be prevented, and adverse effects of ultraviolet rays on the eyes can also be prevented. Furthermore, since the ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes are utilized, the display device can also be effectively applied to a display requiring high confidentiality.

[Example 4]

The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is attached to black paper as a visible light absorbing element, and then the liquid crystal cell is attached to the polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate. The polarized light emission type polarizing plate is bonded so that the polarization axis for displaying polarized light emission and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate bonded to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial. Then, the polarizing plate V+UVP is pasted on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell to which the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is pasted. At this time, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate V+UVP is bonded so that the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate is 90°. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is configured as a light source to produce a display device that can irradiate the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet rays from the light source. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display having the structure of the display device shown in FIG. 11 . When ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the liquid crystal cell from the light source, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed with high contrast from the V+UVP side of the polarizer. In addition, since the ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes are utilized, the display device can also be effectively applied to a display requiring high confidentiality.

[Example 5]

The polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizer is 90° relative to the absorption axis of the UV-penetrating polarizer, and the polarized light-emitting polarizer is attached to the UV-penetrating polarizer, and then the liquid crystal cell is attached to the polarized light. type polarizer. The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is bonded so that the polarization axis for displaying polarized light emission and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate bonded to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial. Then, the polarizing plate V+UVP is pasted on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell to which the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is pasted. At this time, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate V+UVP is bonded so that the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate is 90°. The ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light ("PW-UV943H-04" manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is arranged as the light source, and the display device that can irradiate the ultraviolet light from the light source to the liquid crystal cell is produced. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display having the structure of the display device shown in FIG. 32 . When ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the liquid crystal cell from the light source, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed from the polarizing plate V+UVP side to emit light. In addition, the penetration and non-penetration of light in the ultraviolet region are confirmed by the spectrophotometer U-4100, and it can be confirmed that the transmission and non-penetration of ultraviolet rays can be controlled by driving the liquid crystal. In addition, it was confirmed that the clock display at the time of purchase can be displayed by irradiating visible light from the V+UVP side of the polarizing plate where it can be seen using a general white LED lamp. From the results, it can be known that the display device is a display device that can control the penetration and non-penetration of ultraviolet rays, and can also control the display of visible light.

[Example 6]

The polarized light-emitting polarizer is attached to the UV-penetrating polarizer in such a way that the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizer is 90° relative to the absorption axis of the UV-penetrating polarizer, and then the liquid crystal unit for ultraviolet light and visible light are used. The liquid crystal cell is attached to the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate. The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is bonded so that the polarization axis for displaying polarized light emission and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate bonded to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial. Then, the polarizing plate V+UVP is pasted on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell to which the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is pasted. At this time, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate V+UVP is bonded so that the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate is 90°. The ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light ("PW-UV943H-04" manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is arranged as the light source, and the display device that can irradiate the ultraviolet light from the light source to the liquid crystal cell is produced. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display and had the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 36 . When ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the liquid crystal cell from the light source, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed not only from the V+UVP side of the polarizer, but also from the UV through the polarizer. In addition, the penetration and non-penetration of light in the ultraviolet region were confirmed by the spectrophotometer U-4100, and it was confirmed that the transmission/non-penetration of ultraviolet rays could be controlled by driving the liquid crystal cell. In addition, a general white LED was used, and visible light was irradiated from the V+UVP side of the polarizing plate that could be seen, and it was confirmed that the clock display at the time of purchase could be displayed. In addition, in addition to the display in the ultraviolet region, the text in the visible light region can also be displayed, so it can be known that the display device with dual units can independently control the visible light in addition to the control of the transmission/non-transmission of the ultraviolet light. display.

[Example 7]

The polarized light-emitting polarizer is attached to the UV-transmitting polarizer in such a way that the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizer is 90° relative to the absorption axis of the UV-transmitting polarizer, and then the liquid crystal cell is attached to the adhesive. The opposite side of the surface with the polarized light-emitting type polarizer. The polarized light-emitting type polarizer is attached in such a way that the polarization axis of the polarized light emission is coaxial with the absorption axis of the polarizer attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase. The UV penetrates the polarizer, so that the UV penetrates the polarizer. The absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizer is arranged in such a way that it is 90° with respect to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizer. Then, the polarizer V+UVP is attached to the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell attached with the UV transmissive polarizer. At this time, the bonding is performed so that the absorption axis of the polarizing plate V+UVP is 90° with respect to the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is configured as a light source to produce a display device that can irradiate the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet rays from the light source. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display having the structure of the display device shown in FIG. 15 . When the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the light source, the clock display can be viewed from the polarizing plate V+UVP side by the light emission due to the driving pattern of the liquid crystal cell. In addition, using a general white LED lamp and irradiating visible light from the V+UVP side of the polarizing plate that can be seen, it was confirmed that the clock display was viewed in a different color from that when irradiated with ultraviolet rays from black light, and the image It can also be viewed in high contrast. In addition, unlike Example 5, in Example 7, since the polarized light-emitting polarizer emits light and the clock display can be viewed, it can be confirmed that a liquid crystal display with a high viewing angle that can be viewed by the display surface is obtained. With this light-emitting type liquid crystal display, the problem of the viewing angle caused by the absorption axis of the polarizer or the problem of the viewing angle caused by the liquid crystal driving axis of the liquid crystal display almost disappears, so it can bring about the viewing angle problem in the liquid crystal display. Substantial improvement. On the other hand, since it utilizes ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes, it can also be effectively applied to displays that require high security.

[Example 8]

The polarized light-emitting polarizer is attached to the UV non-transmission polarizer in such a way that the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizer is 90° relative to the absorption axis of the UV non-transmission polarizer, and then the liquid crystal cell is attached to the UV non-transmission polarizer. The opposite side of the surface on which the polarized light-emitting polarizer is attached. The polarized light-emitting type polarizer is attached so that the polarization axis of the polarized light emission is coaxial with the absorption axis of the polarizer attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase. The absorption axis of the plate is arranged so as to be at 90° with respect to the polarization axis of the polarized light emitting type polarizing plate. Then, the polarizing plate V+UVP is pasted on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell to which the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is pasted. At this time, the absorption axis of the polarizing plate V+UVP is bonded so that the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate is 90°. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is configured as a light source to produce a display device that can irradiate the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet rays from the light source. The obtained display device had the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 20 . When ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the polarized light emitting type polarizing plate from the light source, the polarized light emitting type polarizing plate emits the polarized light, so it can be seen that the polarized light emitting type polarizing plate has the function of a backlight with high efficiency for polarized light emitting. Thereby, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed with high brightness from the V+UVP side of the polarizer. In addition, the penetration and non-penetration of light in the ultraviolet region were confirmed by the spectrophotometer U-4100, and it was confirmed that the transmission/non-penetration of ultraviolet rays could be controlled by driving the liquid crystal. Furthermore, it was confirmed that even if a white LED lamp was used to irradiate visible light from the polarizing plate side of the polarized light emitting type, the same clock display as that of a liquid crystal display device with a general backlight could be observed. From this result, it can be seen that this display device can obtain a display which can be independently displayed and viewed by light in the visible light region and light in the ultraviolet region.

[Example 9]

A liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet rays for the purpose of phase control in ultraviolet rays (mainly for 375 nm) is attached to the polarizing plate O-UVP. The polarizer O-UVP is bonded so that the absorption axis of the polarizer O-UVP and the absorption axis of the polarizer bonded to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial. Then, the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate and the UV transmissive polarizing plate are sequentially laminated on the ultraviolet liquid crystal cell. At this time, the polarizing light-emitting polarizing plate is attached so that the polarization axis of the polarizing light-emitting polarizing plate is 90° with respect to the absorption axis of the UV-transmitting polarizing plate. Furthermore, the visible light liquid crystal cell for the purpose of controlling the light in the visible light region is attached to the UV transmissive polarizing plate, and the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate is attached to the visible light liquid crystal cell. It is attached so that the absorption axis of the UV non-transmission polarizer is 90° with respect to the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizer. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is configured as a light source to produce a display device that can irradiate the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet rays from the light source. The obtained display device was a light-emitting display and had the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 30 . When ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the liquid crystal cell from the polarizer O-UVP side from the light source, the clock display driven by the liquid crystal cell can be viewed not only from the UV non-transmitting polarizer side, but also from the polarizer O-UVP side. In addition, when visible light is irradiated from the O-UVP side of the polarizing plate using a general white LED lamp, it can be confirmed that the clock display is viewed in a different color from that when irradiated with ultraviolet rays from black light, and the image can also be viewed with high contrast. watch. Thus, it was confirmed that a liquid crystal display capable of providing a different image between an image displayed by irradiation with ultraviolet rays and an image displayed by irradiation with visible light can be obtained. In this display device, whether the black light is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the O-UVP side of the polarizing plate or the visible light is irradiated by a white LED lamp, the clock display can be viewed, and the independent clock display can be viewed.

[Example 10]

The polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate is attached to the liquid crystal cell so that the absorption axis thereof is coaxial with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is configured as a light source to produce a display device that can irradiate the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet rays from the light source. Even if the display device is irradiated with ultraviolet rays in this state, only the polarized light-emitting type polarizer becomes brighter, and the display image on the liquid crystal cell cannot be viewed. Therefore, when the image is visually displayed, two UV non-transmissive polarizers as stereoscopic display control members are installed in the right eye and the left eye in a positional relationship so that the polarization axes are orthogonal. At this time, it is arranged so that any one of the absorption axes of the UV non-transmitting polarizers in the right eye or the left eye is coaxial with the absorption axis of the polarizer attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase, and the other axis is relative to the absorption axis of the liquid crystal cell. This is arranged in an orthogonal manner in front of one side. The thus-obtained display device has the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 51, and can display the right eye and the left eye independently and generate parallax. From the results, it can be known that the display device can view the stereoscopic display through binocular parallax. In addition, since the ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes can be viewed only when the two UV non-transmissive polarizers as the stereoscopic display control member are installed in front of the eyes, it can be effectively used as a highly confidential stereoscopic image. display device.

[Example 11]

A plurality of polarized light-emitting polarizers are alternately laminated on black paper in such a manner that the polarization axes are orthogonal to each other (in such a manner that the polarized light can be polarized in two directions). An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light ("PW-UV943H-04" manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was arranged as a light source, and a display device having a display portion utilizing ultraviolet rays from the light source was produced. Even if ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the display device in this state, only the polarized light-emitting type polarizer becomes brighter, and stereoscopic vision cannot be observed. Therefore, two UV non-transmissive polarizers serving as stereoscopic display control members are respectively arranged in a positional relationship such that the polarization axes are orthogonal to the right eye and the left eye. At this time, the absorption axes of the UV non-transmitting polarizers in the right eye or the left eye are arranged so that the adjacent polarized light-emitting polarizers are orthogonal to each other. The thus-obtained display device has the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 48, which can be displayed independently for the right eye and the left eye and generate parallax. It can be seen that the display device can view the stereoscopic display by the binocular parallax between the right eye and the left eye. In addition, since ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes are used, and can only be viewed when two UV non-transmissive polarizers as the stereoscopic display control member are installed in front of the eyes, it can be effectively used as a highly confidential stereoscopic display device. .

[Example 12]

A plurality of polarized light-emitting polarizers are alternately laminated on black paper in such a manner that the polarization axes are orthogonal to each other (in such a manner that the polarized light can be polarized in two directions). Next, a retardation plate having a retardation value of 270 nm as a retardation control member was partially arranged on the two polarized light-emitting type polarizing plates. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is configured as a light source, and a display device that can irradiate ultraviolet rays from the light source is produced. Even if the display device is irradiated with ultraviolet rays in this state, only the polarized light-emitting type polarizer becomes brighter, and displays such as clock images cannot be viewed. Therefore, a UV non-transmissive polarizing plate as a polarization control member is arranged in front of the eyes. The display device thus obtained has the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 60, and it can be seen that by arranging the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate as the polarization control member in front of the eyes, the orthogonal arrangement of the polarized light-emitting type polarizing plate can be realized. The polarized light emitted after the phase is controlled with the retardation plate. In addition, it can be seen that if the retardation plate is arranged so that the slow axis of the retardation plate and the absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting type polarizer are coaxial (0°), the polarized light emission equivalent to the state without the retardation plate can be obtained. On the other hand, by tilting the slow axis of the retardation plate by 45°, different polarized light emission can be observed. The display device thus obtained utilizes ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes, and can view desired polarized light emission only when the polarization control member is placed in front of the eyes. Furthermore, when the retardation plate is installed, a display device with a polarization switching function that can view different polarization light emission can be obtained, so it can be effectively used as a display device with high confidentiality.

[Example 13]

The polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is attached to the black paper. Then, the absorption axis and the absorption axis of the polarizer attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase are coaxial with the emission axis of the polarized light-emitting type polarizer, and the liquid crystal cell is attached to the polarized light-emitting type polarizer, and then the liquid crystal cell is attached. On the above, a retardation plate having a retardation value of 270 nm was partially arranged as a retardation control member. At this time, the retardation plate was arranged so that its slow axis and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase became 45°. An ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is configured as a light source to produce a display device that can irradiate the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet rays from the light source. Even if ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the display device in this state, only the polarized light-emitting type polarizer becomes brighter, and the display image cannot be viewed. Therefore, a UV non-transmissive polarizing plate as a polarization control member is arranged in front of the eyes. At this time, the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate is coaxial with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase. The display device thus obtained has the configuration of the display device shown in Fig. 64, and it can be seen that by arranging a UV non-transmissive polarizing plate as a polarization control member in front of the eyes, not only the display image can be viewed, but also the accompanying The display of the polarized light emission of the part provided with the retardation plate is reversely displayed. On the other hand, it was found that disposing the retardation plate so that the slow axis of the retardation plate and the absorption axis of the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate are coaxial (0°) can provide a display equivalent to the state without the retardation plate. The display device thus obtained can not only use the ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes, but also can view the display image only when the polarization control member is installed in front of the eyes, and when the retardation plate is installed, it can obtain polarized light that can perform different displays. A display device with switching functions can be effectively used as a display device with high confidentiality.

[Comparative Example 1]

In Example 3, the polarized light-emitting polarizing plate and polarizing plate O-UVP were not used, and the polarizing plate to be attached at the time of purchase in the digital desktop clock D011 (clock A No. 7) manufactured by Daiso Japan Co., Ltd. It was attached to a general polarizing plate (SKN-18243P manufactured by Polatechno) so that its absorption axis was coaxial. The obtained display device was irradiated with ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light ("PW-UV943H-04" manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Although a little clock display can be seen, it is not illuminated by ultraviolet light, and the contrast is low and the brightness is insufficient. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 70 , it was confirmed that the liquid crystal display device (left side) of Example 3 could emit light (clock display) by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, whereas the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 using a general polarizing plate was confirmed. (right side), even when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, light emission (clock display) was not confirmed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 71, in the liquid crystal display device of Example 3, even if a finger is placed on the back of the display, the transparency is maintained so that the finger can be viewed, and the clock display can be viewed. From this result, it can be seen that the liquid crystal display device (left side) of Example 3 has extremely high transparency.

[Comparative Example 2]

In the liquid crystal display device in Example 3, a conventional liquid crystal display device using a general polarizing plate (SKN-18243P manufactured by Polatechno) was produced instead of the polarizing light-emitting type polarizing plate. However, since only one polarizing plate for the visible light region is used in this liquid crystal display device, the characters cannot be viewed regardless of irradiation with ultraviolet rays and visible light.

[Example 14]

The UV LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the light source, and a light diffusion plate (Diffusion Adhesive 83D manufactured by Polatechno Co., Ltd.), polarizing plate O-UVP, Liquid crystal cell, white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate. On the white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate, in each electrically driven display section of the liquid crystal cell, blue pigment (Acid Blue 9), green pigment (Acid Green 16) and red pigment (Acid Red 114) are independently coated respectively. ) as a color filter, and a colored light transmission filter having a blue color filter, a green color filter, and a red color filter is provided. The polarizing plate O-UVP is attached so that the absorption axis of the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase is at the same angle as the axis, and the absorption axis of the white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate is the same as the absorption axis of the polarizing plate O-UVP. It is bonded through the liquid crystal cell so that the axis becomes 90°. The display device thus obtained has the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 66, and can perform color display in each display section. Therefore, the obtained display device is a self-luminous liquid crystal display device capable of converting the white light emitted from the white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate into blue, green and red. This means that a display device with high color rendering can be provided. Furthermore, the obtained self-luminous liquid crystal display device is also a liquid crystal display device and has a wide viewing angle characteristic. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle characteristic even if there is no lamination of a retardation plate or a complicated liquid crystal cell structure. In addition, since two polarizing plates with a viewing sensitivity corrected transmittance of 30-45% are not used as in the previous liquid crystal display device, a display device with higher transmittance and high color rendering can be provided.

[Example 15]

A UV LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the light source, and a light diffusing plate (Diffusion Adhesive 83D manufactured by Polatechno Co., Ltd.) and a white polarizing light-emitting polarizing plate were arranged in order from the light source. , Liquid crystal cell, UV non-transmissive polarizer. On the UV non-transmissive polarizing plate, in each electrically driven display section of the liquid crystal cell, blue pigment (Acid Blue 9), green pigment (Acid Green 16) and red pigment (Acid Red) are independently coated. 114) As a color filter, a colored light transmission filter having a blue color filter, a green color filter, and a red color filter is provided. The white polarized light-emitting polarizer is attached so that the absorption axis of the polarizer attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase is at the same angle as the absorption axis of the UV non-transmissive polarizer. The absorption axis of the plate was bonded through the liquid crystal cell so that it became 90°. The display device thus obtained has the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 68, and can perform color display in each display section. From this result, since the obtained display device is a self-luminous liquid crystal display device capable of converting white light emitted from a white polarized light-emitting polarizing plate into blue, green, and red, high color rendering properties can be provided. The display device of the present invention does not use two polarizers with a viewing sensitivity corrected transmittance of 30-45%, so it can provide a display device with a higher transmittance and higher color rendering than before. In addition, the self-luminous liquid crystal display device obtained in this example has a higher contrast than the display device obtained in Example 1. Furthermore, the obtained self-luminous liquid crystal display device is also a liquid crystal display device and has a wide viewing angle characteristic. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle characteristic even if there is no lamination of a retardation plate or a complicated liquid crystal cell structure.

[Example 16]

The UV LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the light source, and a light diffusion plate (Diffusion Adhesive 83D manufactured by Polatechno Co., Ltd.), polarizing plate O-UVP, Liquid crystal cell, blue polarized light-emitting polarizing plate. On the blue-polarized light-emitting polarizer, in addition to the display segment that allows blue to pass through, in each electrically driven display segment of the liquid crystal cell, a coating that can convert blue wavelengths to green is independently coated. Basic Yellow 51, a pigment that emits light, and Rhomamine 6G, a pigment that converts blue wavelengths into red to emit light, are used as color filters, and tinted light transmission filters with green color filters and red color filters are provided. piece. The polarizing plate O-UVP is attached so that the absorption axis of the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase is at the same angle as the axis. The liquid crystal cell is bonded so that the absorption axis becomes 90°. The display device thus obtained has the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 67, and can perform color display in each segment. Therefore, it can be seen that the obtained display device has a portion that transmits blue light emitted from a blue-polarized light-emitting polarizing plate, a portion that can be converted from blue to green, and a portion that can be converted from blue to red Among them, a self-luminous liquid crystal display device that can independently display red, green and blue light emission. This means that a display device with high color rendering can be provided. In addition, the self-luminous liquid crystal display device obtained in this example has high contrast and higher brightness than the liquid crystal display device obtained in Example 15. Furthermore, the obtained self-luminous liquid crystal display device is also a liquid crystal display device and has a wide viewing angle characteristic. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle characteristic even without the lamination of retardation plates and the complicated liquid crystal cell structure. In addition, the visibility correction transmittance as a display device is 76%, which is significantly higher than that of a general liquid crystal display device.

[Example 17]

Using UV LED 375nm hand lamp type black light ("PW-UV943H-04" manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as the light source, and installing a light diffusion plate (Diffusion Adhesive 83D manufactured by Polatechno Co., Ltd.), blue polarized light emission type polarized light in order from the light source Panels, liquid crystal cells, polarizing plates for 400 to 480 nm. On the polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm, in addition to the display segment that allows blue to penetrate, in each electrically driven display segment of the liquid crystal cell, the blue wavelength can be converted to green and emit light by coating independently. "CSH-530-04" (manufactured by Quantum Design Japan Co., Ltd.) as a color filter, and "CSH-655-04" (manufactured by Quantum Design Japan Co., Ltd.) as a color filter that converts blue wavelengths into red and emits light , and a colored light penetrating filter having a green color filter and a red color filter is provided. The blue polarizing light emitting type polarizer is attached so that the absorption axis of the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal cell at the time of purchase is at the same angle as the absorption axis of the polarizing plate for 400 to 480 nm. It passed through a liquid crystal cell so that the absorption axis of a polarizing plate might become 90 degrees, and it bonded together. The display device thus obtained has the configuration of the display device shown in FIG. 69, and can perform color display in each display section. In addition, the liquid crystal display device has high transparency with a visible light transmittance of 85%. Furthermore, it can be seen that the obtained display device has a portion that transmits blue light emitted from a blue-polarized light-emitting polarizing plate, a portion that can be converted from blue to green, and a portion that can be converted from blue to red. Some of them are self-luminous liquid crystal display devices that can independently display red, green, and blue light. From this result, it means that a display device having high color rendering properties and high transparency can be obtained. In addition, the self-luminous liquid crystal display device obtained in this example has high contrast and higher brightness than the liquid crystal display device obtained in Example 2. Furthermore, the obtained self-luminous liquid crystal display device is also a liquid crystal display device and has a wide viewing angle characteristic. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle characteristic even if there is no lamination of a retardation plate or a complicated liquid crystal cell structure.

[Comparative Example 3]

The digital desktop clock D011 (clock A No. 7) manufactured by Daiso Japan was irradiated with an ultraviolet LED 375nm hand lamp type black light (“PW-UV943H-04” manufactured by Nichia Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Similar to Comparative Example 1, although a little clock display can be seen, the contrast is low and the brightness is also insufficient.

From the above content, it can be seen that the display device equipped with the optical system of the present invention is different from the previous display device, it is a self-luminous liquid crystal display device, and has high visibility and does not have the viewing angle dependency of the previous liquid crystal display device. Furthermore, a display device with high transparency can be obtained. Furthermore, since the ultraviolet rays that cannot be seen by the eyes are utilized, unlike the conventional display device, the display device can be displayed using invisible light, and thus a highly confidential (security) display device can be obtained. At this time, since it has a polarization control function in the ultraviolet region, it is also possible to control the penetration and non-penetration of ultraviolet rays. In addition, by combining the display using ultraviolet light and the display using visible light, each can be displayed independently, so it was found that a display device capable of performing two types of displays, which has not existed so far, can be obtained.

The pattern of this case is not enough to represent all the features of this case, so there is no designated representative diagram for this case.

Claims (27)

A display device comprising an optical system having a polarizing element, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarizing light-emitting element for displaying polarized light emission in the visible light region by absorbing light containing at least ultraviolet rays, or as a polarizing light-emitting element in the The above-mentioned light containing at least ultraviolet rays is provided with a polarization control element that controls at least the light in the ultraviolet region into polarized light; the above-mentioned polarizing element has a base material and one or more dichroic dyes; The dichroic dye has two dichroic dyes in the molecule. A compound or a salt thereof which is at least one of a styrene skeleton and a biphenyl skeleton and does not have an azo group. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the polarized light-emitting element has a visibility correction monomer transmittance of 60% or more in a wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm . The display device described in claim 1 or 2 of the claimed scope further includes a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, the display device is a liquid crystal display device further comprising a liquid crystal cell, and the light is emitted from one side of the liquid crystal cell. In side irradiation, the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the light is polarized ultraviolet rays. The display device as described in item 4 of the claimed scope further includes a light source that emits polarized ultraviolet light. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, the display device is a liquid crystal display device further comprising a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate, and the light is emitted from the liquid crystal cell. One side is irradiated, the polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and on the side of the one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with the light, a polarizing plate O-UVP and a polarizer for polarizing ultraviolet light are arranged. The aforementioned polarizing plate of at least one of the polarizing plate V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light. The display device described in claim 6 of the claimed scope further includes a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays. The display device according to claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal display device further comprises at least one light control layer selected from the group consisting of a light absorption layer, a light reflection layer and a retardation plate, and the liquid crystal display device is not provided with the above-mentioned light control layer. The at least one light control layer is disposed on the surface side of the polarized light-emitting element of the liquid crystal cell. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the liquid crystal display device includes the light reflection layer and the retardation plate, and the retardation plate is disposed between the light reflection layer and the polarized light-emitting element. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is further provided with: a liquid crystal cell, an ultraviolet absorbing element, and a polarizing light selected from the group consisting of polarizing ultraviolet light Panel O-UVP, polarizer V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet light and visible light, and at least one polarizer in the group consisting of UV penetrating polarizer for penetrating ultraviolet rays. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device further comprises: a liquid crystal cell; Liquid crystal of at least one polarizer of the group consisting of a polarizer V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light, a UV transmissive polarizer that transmits ultraviolet rays, and a UV non-transmitting polarizer that does not transmit ultraviolet rays A display device, and one of the aforementioned polarizers has an absorption axis in a direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the aforementioned polarized light-emitting element, or one of the aforementioned polarizers is a UV non-transmissive polarizer and the UV non-transmissive polarizer The plate has an absorption axis in a direction coaxial with the polarization axis of the polarized light-emitting element. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarization control element, the display device is a liquid crystal display device further comprising a liquid crystal cell, and the liquid crystal display device is further provided with ultraviolet rays and visible light. Both polarizers V+UVP for polarizing light and UV penetration for UV penetration Polarizing plate, or further comprising at least two polarizing plates V+UVP, the light is irradiated from the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the light is irradiated with the above-mentioned The polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the side of one side of the liquid crystal cell of light, and the UV transmissive polarizer is arranged on the side of the polarization control element where the liquid crystal cell is not arranged, or the light is irradiated with the light. One side of the liquid crystal cell is provided with a polarizer V+UVP on one side, and the other side of the polarizer V+UVP is configured on the side of the polarizing control element where the liquid crystal cell is not configured, and the UV transmits polarized light. The plate or the polarizing plate V+UVP on the other side has an absorption axis in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarization control element, and the light includes ultraviolet light and visible light. The display device described in claim 12 of the claimed scope further comprises a light source that emits light including ultraviolet rays and visible light. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarization control element, and the display device further includes a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate V+UVP that polarizes both ultraviolet and visible light. A liquid crystal display device, wherein the polarization control element is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell, The polarizer V+UVP is arranged on the surface side of the polarization control element where the liquid crystal cell is not arranged, the polarizer V+UVP has an absorption axis in a direction different from the polarization axis of the polarization control element, and the liquid crystal cell can be switched It is a liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet rays and a liquid crystal cell for visible light, or has both the liquid crystal cell for ultraviolet rays and the liquid crystal cell for visible light, and the light is light that polarizes both ultraviolet rays and visible light. The display device described in claim 14 further includes a light source that emits light that polarizes both ultraviolet light and visible light. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is a stereoscopic device further provided with a stereoscopic display control means capable of displaying a stereoscopic vision or a stereoscopic image. A display device or a stereoscopic image display device, wherein the stereoscopic display device further includes a display unit for displaying stereoscopic vision, and the stereoscopic image display device further includes a liquid crystal unit for displaying a stereoscopic image. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is further provided with: a phase difference control member capable of controlling a phase difference, and a control member for controlling light emission from the polarized light A display device with a polarization control function of a polarization control member for polarized light emission of an element. The display device according to claim 17, further comprising a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing element is provided as a polarized light-emitting element, and the display device is further provided with: a liquid crystal cell, a colored light penetrating filter, and a group selected from 400 Polarizing plate for 480nm, polarizing plate O-UVP for polarizing ultraviolet light, polarizing plate V+UVP for polarizing both ultraviolet and visible light, UV transmitting polarizing plate for transmitting ultraviolet light, and UV non-penetrating polarizing plate for transmitting ultraviolet light A liquid crystal display device that transmits a group of polarizers composed of polarizers. The display device according to claim 19, further comprising a light source that emits light containing at least ultraviolet rays. The display device according to claim 20, wherein the polarized light-emitting element shows that the absolute value of chromaticity a* measured in accordance with JIS Z 8781-4:2013 is 5 or less and the absolute value of hue b* is 5 or less luminous color. The display device according to claim 21, wherein the polarized light-emitting element exhibits blue light emission having a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 400-480 nm, and the colored light penetrating filter has at least one A color filter that absorbs blue light of 400~480nm and emits fluorescent light in the wavelength range of 530~670nm. The display device according to claim 22, wherein at least one of the color filters has the highest wavelength in the wavelength range of 530 to 570 nm. Large emission wavelength. The display device according to claim 22, wherein at least one of the color filters has a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 600-650 nm. The display device according to claim 22, wherein the colored light transmission filter comprises: a color filter having a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 530-570 nm, and a color filter having a maximum emission wavelength in a wavelength range of 600-650 nm Color filter with maximum emission wavelength. The display device according to claim 19, wherein the light is irradiated from one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the colored light transmission filter is disposed in the liquid crystal cell or on the other side of the liquid crystal cell The polarizing plate is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with the light, the polarized light emitting element is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell, and the polarizing plate is a polarizing plate O-UVP. The display device according to claim 19, wherein the light is irradiated from one side of the liquid crystal cell, and the colored light transmission filter is disposed in the liquid crystal cell or on the other side of the liquid crystal cell The polarized light-emitting element is arranged on the surface side of one side of the liquid crystal cell to which the light is irradiated, and the polarized light is arranged on the surface side of the other side of the liquid crystal cell. The polarizer is selected from the group consisting of the polarizer for 400 to 480 nm, the polarizer V+UVP, the UV transmissive polarizer, and the UV non-transmissive polarizer.

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