TWI764065B - Ball screw assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

A ball screw assembly includes an guider, an opening nut, an opening sleeve, a first circulator, a second circulator and a ball assembly. The opening nut includes an axial cylinder having an axial opening. An inner spiral channel of the axial cylinder and a spiral channel of the guider are correspondingly formed an inner ball channel. The opening sleeve is axially sleeved on the axial cylinder. An inner wall of the opening sleeve and an outer wall of the axial cylinder are correspondingly formed an outer ball channel. The first circulator is disposed on a first axial wall. The second circulator is disposed on a second axial wall. Wherein the inner ball channel, a first curve of the first circulator, the outer ball channel and a second curve of the second circulator are formed the ball circulation channel. The ball assembly are rolled in the ball circulation channel.

Description

Ball circulation guide

The present invention relates to a ball circulation guiding device, especially a ball circulation guiding device with an axial opening.

The current ball guide device converts rotational motion into linear motion through the cooperation of the screw and the nut. The frictional force generated between the ball nut and the screw during relative movement is reduced by making the balls in the ball nut roll in the circulation passage to cooperate with the screw with the helical groove.

Most of the existing ball nuts are in the shape of a complete cylinder. When the screw rod is long and a support seat is provided to prevent the screw rod from sagging, it is necessary to provide a retreat mechanism on the support seat. When the ball nut rotates on the screw to pass through the place with the support seat, the support seat is temporarily moved away from the screw rod through the retreat mechanism. After the ball nut passes, the receding mechanism makes the support seat return to the support position to provide the support force required by the screw.

However, using the above method, on the one hand, it is necessary to additionally provide a retreat mechanism on each support seat. On the other hand, when each support seat is away from the screw, if the section of the screw sags due to its own weight, when the ball nut passes through this section of the screw, the screw may have additional shaking, or due to the guide (such as the screw) Bending so that the ball cannot roll in the spiral groove and other problems, which affects the manufacturing accuracy of the actual application in the process.

In view of this, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a ball circulation guide device including a guide member, an open nut, an open cover, a first circulator, a second circulator, and a ball circulation group. The guide piece has a central axis and a spiral groove, and the spiral groove is arranged around the outer circumference of the guide piece. The open nut is threaded and slid on the guide piece. The split nut includes an axial barrel having an axial opening. The axial cylinder is provided with a first axial wall and a second axial wall on two opposite sides of the axial opening. The axial cylinder body includes an inner ring wall and an outer ring wall, the inner ring wall has an inner helical groove, and the inner helical groove and the helical groove of the guide piece correspond to each other and together form an inner ball passage.

The opening shield is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the axial cylinder, and the opening shield has an inner peripheral wall. The inner peripheral wall and the outer ring wall of the axial cylindrical body correspond to each other and together form an outer ball passage. In the plane projection of the outer ball channel formed by the radial direction, the outer ball channel and the central axis are perpendicular to each other. The first circulator is arranged on the first axial wall, and the first circulator includes a first curve. Two ends of the first curve are respectively communicated with the inner ball channel and the outer ball channel. The second circulator is arranged on the second axial wall. The second circulator includes a second curve, and two ends of the second curve are respectively connected to the inner ball channel and the outer ball channel respectively. The ball circulation group includes a plurality of steel balls. The inner ball channel, the first curve, the outer ball channel and the second curve together form a ball circulation channel, and the ball circulation group rolls in the ball circulation channel.

Since the axial barrel of the split nut has an axial opening, when the ball nut is set on the guide (such as a screw or a conversion rod) to move, even if a support seat is provided under the guide, the split nut When passing through the support seat, the support seat can be passed through the axial opening without interfering with the support seat. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a retracting mechanism on the support base. In addition, when the open nut passes through the support seat, the support seat can maintain the state of supporting the guide member without causing the guide member to sag and deform due to the separation of the support seat, which affects the manufacturing accuracy of the actual application in the process. In addition to forming an outer ball channel together with the axial cylinder to make the steel balls roll in the outer channel, the open shield can also provide dustproof effect.

In some embodiments, the inner peripheral wall surface and the outer annular wall further form another outer ball passage. Two ends of the first curve are respectively connected to the inner ball channel and the other outer ball channel. Two ends of the second curve are respectively connected to the inner ball channel and the other outer ball channel. The inner ball channel, the first curved channel, the other outer ball channel and the second curved channel together form another ball circulation channel. The ball circulation group selectively rolls in the ball circulation channel or another ball circulation channel.

In some embodiments, the first curve is arranged obliquely with respect to the short side of the first circulator, and the second curve is arranged obliquely with respect to the short side of the second circulator.

In some embodiments, the first curves of the first circulator are plural, and the first curves are arranged parallel to each other. There are a plurality of second curves of the second circulator, and the second curves are arranged parallel to each other.

In some embodiments, the ball circulation guide device further includes a ball cage, and a plurality of steel balls are connected in series by the ball cage.

In some embodiments, the outer annular wall of the axial barrel has an outer channel to form an outer ball channel together with the inner peripheral wall. Further, in some embodiments, the inner peripheral wall of the opening shield has an inner channel, and is disposed corresponding to the outer channel, so that the outer channel and the inner channel form an outer ball channel corresponding to the outer channel.

In some embodiments, the inner peripheral wall of the opening shield has an inner channel to form an outer ball channel together with the outer annular wall of the axial barrel.

The detailed features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail below in the embodiments, and the content is sufficient to enable any person familiar with the relevant art to understand the technical content of the present invention and implement accordingly, and according to the content disclosed in this specification, the scope of the patent application and the drawings , any person skilled in the related art can easily understand the related objects and advantages of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 first. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a ball circulation guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a ball ball circulation guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 It is an exploded view from another perspective of the ball circulation guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a top view of a split nut according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a first embodiment of the present invention. Top view of the second circulator.

It can be seen from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the ball circulation guide device includes a guide member 10 , an open nut 20 , an open cover 30 , a first circulator 40 , a second circulator 50 and a ball circulation group 60. The guide member 10 can be, for example, a screw rod or a conversion rod, and in this embodiment, a screw rod is used as an example for illustration. As can be seen from FIG. 1 , the guide member 10 has a central axis C and a helical groove 11 .

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2 , the split nut 20 includes an axial cylindrical body 21 , and the axial cylindrical body 21 has an axial opening 211 . The axial cylinder 21 is provided with a first axial wall 212 and a second axial wall 213 on two opposite sides of the axial opening 211 . The axial cylinder 21 includes an inner annular wall 214 and an outer annular wall 215 , and the inner annular wall 214 has an inner spiral groove 2141 . The inner helical groove 2141 and the helical groove 11 of the guide member 10 correspond to each other and together form an inner ball passage. Specifically, the guide member 10 has a spiral groove 11 disposed around the outer circumference of the guide member 10 . The helical channel 11 is arranged along the outer circumference of the guide member 10 at a desired helix angle. The open nut 20 is axially inserted and slid on the guide member 10 , so that the inner helical groove 2141 and the helical groove 11 of the guide member 10 correspond to each other and together form an inner ball channel.

The opening shield 30 is axially sleeved on the outer periphery of the axial cylinder 21 . The opening shield 30 has an inner peripheral wall 31, and the inner peripheral wall 31 and the outer ring wall 215 of the axial cylinder 21 correspond to each other and together form an outer ball passage. In this embodiment, in order to enable the ball circulation group 60 to circulate and roll in the outer ball channel, an outer channel 2151 is formed on the outer ring wall 215 of the axial cylinder 21. At this time, when the outer groove 2151 and the inner peripheral wall 31 cooperate with each other, an outer ball channel is formed correspondingly.

In other embodiments, an inner channel can also be formed on the inner peripheral wall 31 of the opening shield 30, and the outer annular wall 215 of the axial cylinder 21 is flat, so that the inner channel and the axial cylinder are 21 The outer ring walls 215 together form an outer ball channel. Or in other embodiments, there may be an outer channel 2151 on the outer ring wall 215 of the axial cylinder 21 and an inner channel corresponding to each other on the inner peripheral wall 31 of the opening shield 30. When the shield 30 is correspondingly assembled on the axial cylinder 21 , the inner channel on the inner peripheral wall 31 and the outer channel 2151 on the outer ring wall 215 together form an outer ball channel.

In addition, the opening shield 30 can form an outer ball channel together with the axial cylinder 21 so that the ball circulation group 60 rolls in the outer channel 2151, and can also provide dustproof effect.

In this embodiment, as can be seen from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , there are plural inner spiral channels 2141 and outer channels 2151 , but they are only examples. Actually, only one inner spiral channel 2141 and one outer channel 2151 can be provided according to requirements, but two or more inner spiral channels 2141 and outer channels 2151 can also be provided. In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , only one of them is marked as an example in order to make the drawings clear and concise.

Next, please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 at the same time. In order to clearly represent each axis, in FIG. 2 XYZ three-axis coordinates that are perpendicular to each other are provided to clarify the relationship between the viewing angles in space. Description of each drawing. It can be seen from FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 that the central axis C of the guide member 10 extends along the X-axis direction. Here, for the convenience of description, one of the radial directions is defined as a direction extending along the radial direction of the opening shield 30 and perpendicular to the central axis C, and named as a plan direction P, that is, the direction shown in FIG. 2 . Z-axis direction. And along the Z-axis direction from the top of the drawing to the bottom (viewed in the direction of the negative value of the Z-axis), which is the top view direction P.

As can be seen from FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, the outer channel 2151 serving as the outer ball channel is an outer channel 2151 circumferentially arranged on the outer ring wall 215 in the radial direction. It can be clearly seen from FIG. The direction of the channel is the up-down direction shown on the drawing (in addition, the pattern of the channel 2151 is commonly known as a straight groove). When the outer channel 2151 and the central axis C are projected in the direction shown in FIG. 4 (ie, the top-view direction P), in the plane projection formed by the top-view direction P, the outer channel 2151 and the central axis C are perpendicular to each other, that is, The angle A between them is said to be a right angle.

In the present embodiment, since the outer channels 2151 are arranged in a direction parallel to the radial direction of the axial cylinder 21, there are a plurality of straight outer channels 2151 (straight grooves), and also Therefore, it will be easier to process and manufacture. In addition, the straight groove-shaped outer channel 2151 can also make the axial cylindrical body 21 relatively stable in left and right loads because the entire outer channel 2151 extends symmetrically to the first axial wall 212 and the second axial wall 213 .

Next, please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the first circulator 40 is disposed on the first axial wall 212 . The first circulator 40 includes a first curve 41 , and two ends of the first curve 41 are respectively connected to the inner helical channel 2141 (inner ball channel) and the outer channel 2151 (outer ball channel). The second circulator 50 is disposed on the second axial wall 213 . The second circulator 50 includes a second curve 51 , two ends of which are respectively connected to the inner spiral channel 2141 (inner ball channel) and the outer channel 2151 (outer ball channel). Meanwhile, by arranging the first circulator 40 on the first axial wall 212 and the second circulator 50 on the second axial wall 213, and arranging the circulators on both sides at the same axial position, it is possible to It makes the left and right center of gravity more balanced, so the whole structure can be more stable and will not shake during operation.

In this embodiment, it can be seen from FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 that there are plural first curves 41 and second curves 51 , but they are only examples. Actually, only one first curve 41 and one second curve 51 may be provided according to requirements, but two or more first and second curves 41 and 51 may also be provided. In FIG. 2 , in order to make the drawing clear and concise, only one of the first curve 41 and the second curve 51 is marked as an example.

Wherein, the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 can be disposed on the first axial wall 212 and the second axial wall 213 by means of screw locking, cementing or clamping. If it is fixed by screw locking, when the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 are worn out due to long-term use, only the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 can be replaced.

Further, the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 shown in this embodiment are of the same structure, so that only one type of component needs to be fabricated during manufacture, that is, it can be used as the first circulator at the same time. 40 and the second circulator 50 are used. Of course, the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 with different structures can also be used according to actual usage requirements. For example, use the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 with different numbers of curves, or use the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 with curves with different arrangements or arrangement pitches.

In addition, although the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 each having eight first curves 41 and eight second curves 51 are exemplified in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 may be, for example, two curved paths, and the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 are shorter. In this way, when the axial cylinder body 21 is relatively small or the number of inner helical grooves 2141 and outer grooves 2151 provided on the axial cylinder body 21 is small, for example, only one of each, the one with fewer curves can be used. The first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 . When the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 with more curves are required, a plurality of the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 with two curves can be locked to be suitable for various size requirements. It is not necessary to manufacture the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 of various corresponding lengths for the axial cylinders 21 of various different lengths.

It can be seen from FIG. 2 that each ball circulation group 60 includes a plurality of steel balls 61 . After the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 are assembled as shown in FIG. 1 , the first curve 41 of the first circulator 40 disposed on the first axial wall 212 of the axial cylinder 21 is Correspondingly communicate with the inner ball channel and the outer ball channel, and the second bend 51 of the second circulator 50 disposed on the second axial wall 213 of the axial cylinder 21 also communicates with the inner ball channel and the outer ball channel. The inner ball channel, the first curved channel 41, the outer ball channel and the second curved channel 51 will jointly form a ball circulation channel. And all the steel balls 61 in the ball circulation group 60 will cyclically roll in the ball circulation channel.

With the above structure, by arranging the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 on the axial cylinder 21, the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 can communicate with the inner ring wall of the axial cylinder 21. The inner spiral channel 2141 on 214 and the outer channel 2151 on the outer ring wall 215. At the same time, the rolling process of the ball circulation group 60 from the inner spiral groove 2141 to the outer groove 2151 can be smoother.

At the same time, although only a single ball circulation channel is described above, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the required number of ball circulation channels can be set according to requirements, which can be one set or two or more sets of ball circulation channels. It can be freely matched according to the needs of light and heavy loads. For example, only two sets of ball circulation channels can be used, or multiple sets can be set, or a full row can be set on the entire open nut 20 and the open shield 30, thereby To achieve the light and heavy load points.

Next, please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 . Here, a set of ball circulation groups 60 is decomposed for illustration, which is also used to indicate the arrangement condition of the steel balls 61 of the ball circulation groups 60 in the ball circulation channels. The ball circulation group 60 will surround the inner ball channel, the first curve 41 , the outer ball channel and the second curve 51 in a ring shape, and circulate in an independent ball circulation channel. In practical application, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , multiple groups of ball circulation groups 60 may be provided, and each group of ball circulation groups 60 will only continue to roll in the ball circulation channel set therein.

With the above structure, since the axial cylinder body 21 of the split nut 20 has the axial opening 211 , when the split nut 20 moves on the guide member 10 , even if there is an additional support component under the guide member 10 (For example, a support seat, not shown in the figure), where the split nut 20 passes through the support assembly, the axial opening 211 can pass through the support assembly without interfering with the support assembly. In this way, it is not necessary to provide a retraction mechanism on the support assembly, so that the support assembly is retracted away from the guide member 10 when the general cylindrical ball nut is about to pass. In addition, when the open nut 20 passes through the support assembly, the support assembly can maintain the state of supporting the guide member 10 without causing the problem of sagging deformation of the guide member 10 that affects the manufacturing accuracy in actual application in the manufacturing process.

In this embodiment, a ball circulation channel is jointly formed by an inner ball channel, a first curved channel 41 , an outer ball channel and a second curved channel 51 . And all the balls 61 in a ball circulation group 60 will cyclically roll in a ball circulation channel. 2 and 3 , in this embodiment, there are a plurality of ball circulation channels and a plurality of ball circulation groups 60 , which are respectively set up correspondingly, and each group of ball circulation groups 60 rotates independently in the set ball circulation channels. .

In other embodiments, the two ends of the first curve 41 can be respectively connected to one inner ball channel and the other outer ball channel, respectively, and the two ends of the second curve 51 are respectively connected to one inner ball channel and the other outer ball channel. Ball channel. For example, if the sequentially arranged inner spiral grooves 2141 (inner ball channels) are sorted from one end to the first channel, the second channel ... Nth channel, and the sequentially arranged outer channels 2151 (outer ball channels) ) are also sorted from the same end into the first track, the second track...the Nth track. One end of the first bend 41 may be connected to the outer channel 2151 in the first lane, and the other end may be connected to the inner spiral channel 2141 in the second channel, instead of being connected to the inner spiral channel 2141 which is also the first channel. The two ends of the second curve 51 correspond to the connection mode of the first curve 41 , one end is connected to the outer channel 2151 located in the first channel, and the other end is connected to the inner spiral channel 2141 located in the second channel. This can be achieved by adjusting the inclinations of the first curve 41 and the second curve 51 .

In this way, a ball circulation channel is jointly formed by the second inner ball channel, a first curved channel 41 , a first outer ball channel and a second curved channel 51 . The ball circulation group 60 disposed in the ball circulation channel will cyclically roll in the second inner ball channel, a first curve 41 , a first outer ball channel and a second curve 51 . In this way, by setting different circulators, different inner and outer ball passages can be matched to form independent ball circulation passages of different combinations. In this way, users can flexibly match heavy or light loads.

Further, in this embodiment, the first curve 41 is arranged obliquely with respect to the short side of the first circulator 40 , and the second curve 51 is arranged obliquely with respect to the short side of the second circulator 50 . Since the first circulator 40 and the second circulator 50 have the same structure, only the second circulator 50 is used as an example for description in FIG. 5 . It can be more clearly understood from the top view of FIG. 5 , when the second circulator 50 has a plurality of second curves 51 , the second curves 51 are arranged parallel to each other, and are inclined from right to left from top to bottom. to the settings. Likewise, the number of the first curves 41 is plural, and the first curves 41 are arranged parallel to each other. If the first circulator 40 is moved to the same viewing angle as the second circulator 50 , that is, when the opening is on the top, the first curve 41 is also inclined from top to bottom and inclined from right to left.

In addition, in this embodiment, the steel balls 61 provided in the ball circulation guide device do not need to be provided with additional ball cages, and the guide member 10 , the open nut 20 , the open guard 30 , the first circulator can be 40 and the ball circulation channel formed by the second circulator 50 can roll in each independent ball circulation channel without falling out of the ball circulation channel. However, in other embodiments, the plurality of steel balls 61 in the ball circulation group 60 can also be connected in series by providing a ball cage.

Although the present invention is disclosed above by the above-mentioned embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of patent protection shall be determined by the scope of the patent application attached to this specification.

10: Guide piece 11: Spiral channel 20: open nut 21: Axial barrel 211: Axial opening 212: first axial wall 213: Second axial wall 214: inner ring wall 2141: Internal spiral groove 215: Outer ring wall 2151: Outer channel 30: Opening shield 31: Inner peripheral wall 40: First Circulator 41: The first corner 50: Second Circulator 51: The second corner 60: Ball circulation group 61: Steel ball A: Angle C: central axis P: looking down direction

[FIG. 1] is a perspective view of a ball circulation guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [ Fig. 2 ] is an exploded view of the ball circulation guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [FIG. 3] is an exploded view of the ball circulation guide device from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention; [ FIG. 4 ] is a top view of a split nut according to an embodiment of the present invention; and [ Fig. 5 ] is a top view of a second circulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10: Guides

11: Spiral channel

20: open nut

21: Axial barrel

211: Axial opening

213: Second Axial Wall

214: inner ring wall

2141: Internal spiral groove

215: Outer ring wall

2151: Outer channel

30: Opening shield

31: Inner peripheral wall

40: First Circulator

41: First turn

50: Second Circulator

51: Second turn

60: Ball circulation group

61: Steel ball

C: Center axis

P: looking down direction

Claims (6)

A ball circulation guiding device, comprising: a guiding member with a central axis and a spiral groove, the spiral groove is arranged around the outer circumference of the guiding member; On the guide piece, the open nut includes an axial cylinder, the axial cylinder has an axial opening, and the axial cylinder is provided with a first axial wall on two opposite sides of the axial opening and a second axial wall, the axial cylinder includes an inner ring wall and an outer ring wall, the inner ring wall has an inner helical groove, the inner helical groove and the helical groove of the guide Corresponding to each other and forming an inner ball channel together; an opening shield, coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the axial cylinder, the opening shield has an inner peripheral wall, the inner peripheral wall and the outer ring of the axial cylinder The walls correspond to each other and together form an outer ball channel. In a plane projection of the outer ball channel formed by a radial direction, the outer ball channel and the central axis are perpendicular to each other. A first circulator is arranged on the first axis. toward the wall, the first circulator includes a first curve, two ends of the first curve are respectively connected to the inner ball channel and the outer ball channel, and the first curve is opposite to the first circulator. The short sides are arranged obliquely; a second circulator is arranged on the second axial wall, the second circulator includes a second curve, and two ends of the second curve are respectively connected to the inner ball channel and the an outer ball channel, and the second curve is arranged obliquely relative to the short side of the second circulator; and a ball circulation group including a plurality of steel balls, wherein the inner ball channel, the first curve, the outer ball The channel and the second curve together form a ball circulation channel, and the ball circulation group rolls in the ball circulation channel; Wherein, the inner peripheral wall of the opening shield has an inner channel, the outer ring wall of the axial cylinder is flat, and the inner channel and the outer ring wall of the axial cylinder together form the outer ball aisle. The ball circulation guiding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner peripheral wall surface and the outer annular wall further form another outer ball channel, and two ends of the first curved channel are respectively connected to the inner ball channel and the other An outer ball channel, two ends of the second curve are respectively connected to the inner ball channel and the other outer ball channel, the inner ball channel, the first curve, the other outer ball channel and the second curve The tracks together form another ball circulation channel, and the ball circulation group selectively rolls in the ball circulation channel or the other ball circulation channel. The ball circulation guiding device according to claim 1, wherein the first curves of the first circulator are plural, and the first curves are arranged parallel to each other, and the second curve of the second circulator There are a plurality of lanes, and the second curves are arranged parallel to each other. The ball circulation guiding device according to claim 1, further comprising a ball cage, and the steel balls are connected in series by the ball cage. The ball circulation guiding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer ring wall of the axial cylindrical body has an outer groove to form the outer ball channel together with the inner peripheral wall. The ball circulation guide device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner peripheral wall of the opening shield has an inner channel, and is disposed corresponding to the outer channel, so that the outer channel and the inner channel are formed correspondingly The outer ball channel.

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