TWI760946B - A motor measuring system and method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種馬達量測系統及其方法，係應用在同步磁阻馬達之電感量測的環境中，利用本發明之馬達量測系統及馬達量測方法，透過為馬達測試平台系統之馬達量測系統，而量測同步磁阻馬達輸入與輸出之電氣與機械特性，將其代入馬達演算法，而分別得到實際電機運轉時之
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本發明係有關於馬達量測系統及其方法，更詳而言之，係有關於一種應用在同步磁阻馬達之電感量測之環境中的馬達量測系統及其方法，量測同步磁阻馬達輸入與輸出之電氣與機械特性並代入馬達演算法，而分別得到實際馬達運轉時之
全球為了統一馬達能效等級，以促進競爭性的馬達市場轉型，各國實施最低能源效率標準(Minimum Energy Performance Standard， MEPS )，主要參考國際電工委員會(The International Electrotechnical Commission， IEC）馬達能效分級標準。其中變頻馬達效率規範為IEC60034-30-2，其範圍包含0.12-1,000kW，額定轉速在1-6,000RPM。馬達效率標準分為5個等級，分別為標準效率(Standard Efficiency， IE1)、優級效率(High Efficiency， IE2)、超高效率(Premium Efficiency， IE3) 、超優級效率(Super Premium Efficiency， IE4)與特超優級效率(Gold Standard Efficiency， IE5)，IE5能效標準已成為未來馬達目標。In order to unify motor energy efficiency levels and promote the transformation of the competitive motor market, countries around the world implement Minimum Energy Performance Standard (MEPS), mainly referring to the International Electrotechnical Commission (The International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC) Motor energy efficiency classification standards. Among them, the efficiency specification of the variable frequency motor is IEC60034-30-2, its range includes 0.12-1,000kW, and the rated speed is 1-6,000RPM. The motor efficiency standard is divided into 5 grades, namely Standard Efficiency (IE1), Superior Efficiency (High Efficiency, IE2), Premium Efficiency (IE3), Super Premium Efficiency (IE4) ) and super-superior efficiency (Gold Standard Efficiency, IE5), IE5 energy efficiency standard has become the goal of future motors.
IEC60034-30-2馬達分級標準依照IEC61800-9-2變頻馬達系統能效規範進行測試，在IEC61800-9-2中，效率規範的範疇分別為完整驅動模組(Complete Drive Modules， CDM)及電力驅動系統(Power Drive System， PDS)，前者指單一變頻器，後者為變頻器及馬達。將功率範圍為0.12 kW至1,000 kW，進行效率等級的定義，並依照馬達轉矩與轉速不同，定義八個操作點，分別對各操作點計算損失評估能效。馬達電感值會隨操作點不同而有所差異，因此在做電機的參數鑑別時，不能只針對額定點進行量測。The IEC60034-30-2 motor classification standard is tested in accordance with the IEC61800-9-2 energy efficiency specification for variable frequency motor systems. In IEC61800-9-2, the categories of efficiency specifications are Complete Drive Modules (CDM) and electric drives. System (Power Drive System, PDS), the former refers to a single inverter, the latter is an inverter and a motor. The power range is 0.12 kW to 1,000 kW, and the efficiency class is defined, and eight operating points are defined according to the different motor torque and speed, and the loss is calculated for each operating point to evaluate the energy efficiency. The motor inductance value will vary with the operating point, so when doing the parameter identification of the motor, it cannot be measured only at the rated point.
一般在選購市售馬達時，無法得知其相關的電機參數，若操作者需要此資訊，必須藉由相關規範及精確的量測設備來得知。目前，針對感應馬達的參數鑑別已有許多廣泛的研究，但針對同步馬達參數鑑別的技術及相關文獻較少。Generally, when purchasing a commercially available motor, it is impossible to know its related motor parameters. If the operator needs this information, he must obtain it through relevant specifications and accurate measuring equipment. At present, there have been many extensive studies on parameter identification of induction motors, but there are few technologies and related literatures for parameter identification of synchronous motors.
電感是影響馬達功率因數與轉矩，極為重要的參數之一，且馬達電感並非為一常數值，主要與電流大小、電機的動態響應與穩態特性息息相關，換言之，電感之大小會隨著電流大小而不同，再者，先前技術需額外之設備，且易受設備的限制(尤其當馬達輸出功率增加時，電源供應器體積不但大，且成本非常高)，無法以馬達真實運轉下之操作點進行測試，因此，如何能在馬達真實運轉下，進行
於目前的習知技術，以LCR meter量測方法而言，在馬達上選擇任兩相的定子繞組，利用LCR meter量測馬達的
以定電壓量測方法而言，其係利用交流電壓供應器，採定電壓方式量測
以有限元素分析方法而言，其係將電機之幾何形狀、材料特性及繞線參數匯入有限元素分析軟體，利用電腦進行計算，可得到
台灣公開/公告號I533591「一種適用於內嵌式永磁同步馬達及同步磁阻馬達以延伸型反電動勢估測為基礎的預測電流控制方法」係提出一種以延伸型反電動勢估測為基礎的預測電流控制方法，可適用於內嵌式永磁同步馬達及同步磁阻馬達。首先，馬達的三相延伸型反電動勢可經由量測的電流和電壓，並利用q軸電感參數及定子電阻參數估算求得。接著，使用馬達的離散時間模型以計算在下一次取樣時間的定子電流值。然後，定義成本函數以計算變頻器在下一次取樣時間，所有可能的開關切換狀態下，對應的成本函數值。藉由選擇有最小成本函數值的電壓向量，決定下一次取樣時間的開關切換狀態，以直接控制變頻器的閘級訊號。相較於傳統的電流磁滯控制，所提的預測電流控制可有效地提升馬達驅動系統的電流追蹤能力。Taiwan Publication/Announcement No. I533591 "A predictive current control method based on extended back-EMF estimation for embedded permanent magnet synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors" proposes a method based on extended back-EMF estimation. The predictive current control method can be applied to embedded permanent magnet synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors. First, the three-phase extended back EMF of the motor can be estimated and obtained by using the measured current and voltage, and using the q-axis inductance parameter and the stator resistance parameter. Next, a discrete time model of the motor is used to calculate the stator current value at the next sampling time. Then, define the cost function to calculate the corresponding cost function value of the inverter at the next sampling time under all possible switching states. By selecting the voltage vector with the smallest cost function value, the switching state of the next sampling time is determined to directly control the gate signal of the inverter. Compared with the traditional current hysteresis control, the proposed predictive current control can effectively improve the current tracking capability of the motor drive system.
台灣公開/公告號I473413「電流向量控制的同步磁阻馬達驅動方法」係揭露一種電流向量控制的同步磁阻馬達及其驅動方法，該馬達之定子單元於各定子齒部上以相同方向繞設有線圈，該些線圈構成一U相繞組、一V相繞組與一W相繞組，該些線圈分別接收平衡三相弦波電流而產生磁力線，使得同相繞組線圈所圍繞的定子齒部產生相同的磁極性，並令相鄰的定子齒部和轉子之間形成短磁路；馬達製造成本低廉，該驅動方法是同時在三相繞組施加平衡三相電流，使馬達達到高運轉效率，適用於廣泛節能的家電及自動化產業等相關應用產品上。Taiwan Publication/Announcement No. I473413 "Current Vector Controlled Synchronous Reluctance Motor Driving Method" discloses a current vector controlled synchronous reluctance motor and its driving method. The stator units of the motor are wound in the same direction on each stator tooth. There are coils, these coils constitute a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding and a W-phase winding, and these coils respectively receive balanced three-phase sine wave currents to generate magnetic lines of force, so that the stator teeth surrounded by the same-phase winding coils generate the same magnetic polarity, and form a short magnetic circuit between adjacent stator teeth and rotors; the motor is cheap to manufacture, and the driving method is to apply balanced three-phase currents to the three-phase windings at the same time, so that the motor achieves high operating efficiency, and is suitable for a wide range of applications. Energy-saving home appliances and automation industry and other related application products.
台灣公開/公告號I543521「以電流變化偵測技術的預測電流控制法應用於內嵌式永磁同步電動機及同步磁阻電動機驅動系統」係提出以電流變化偵測技術的預測電流控制方法，該方法可應用於內嵌式永磁同步電動機及同步磁阻電動機驅動系統。為了實現所提出的預測電流控制方法，首先，分別在每次取樣間隔內的開關切換的前後，進行電流取樣。接著，使用簡單的減法運算，計算電動機在開關切換間隔內所對應的定子電流變化。然後，透過簡單的加法運算，可預測電動機在下一次所有可能的開關切換模式下所對應的定子電流。接下來，設計一成本函數以量化電流預測值和參考值之間的電流誤差。藉由選擇具有最小成本函數的開關切換模式，在下一次取樣間隔內輸出對應的閘級訊號至變頻器。另外，在實施例中，內嵌式永磁同步電動機是連接一個四開關三相變頻器，該變頻器能產生四種不同的開關切換模式。相較於傳統的電流磁滯控制，所提出的預測電流控制可有效地改善電動機驅動系統的電流諧波。Taiwan Publication/Announcement No. I543521 "Application of Predictive Current Control Method Using Current Variation Detection Technology to Embedded Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drive System" is a predictive current control method using current variation detection technology. The method can be applied to embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor and synchronous reluctance motor drive system. In order to implement the proposed predictive current control method, first, current sampling is performed before and after the switch switching in each sampling interval, respectively. Next, using a simple subtraction operation, calculate the corresponding change in stator current of the motor over the switching interval. Then, through a simple addition operation, the corresponding stator current of the motor can be predicted for all possible switching modes of the next switching. Next, a cost function is designed to quantify the current error between the current predicted value and the reference value. By selecting the switching mode with the smallest cost function, the corresponding gate signal is output to the inverter in the next sampling interval. In addition, in the embodiment, the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected to a four-switch three-phase inverter, and the inverter can generate four different switching modes. Compared with the traditional current hysteresis control, the proposed predictive current control can effectively improve the current harmonics of the motor drive system.
台灣公開/公告號 I360287「一種使用延伸型磁通估測技術用於內嵌式永磁同步電動機之轉子角度／速度估測方法」係提出一種使用延伸型磁通估測技術以適用於內嵌式永磁同步電動機之數位化轉子角/速度估測方法。藉由量測馬達的電流和電壓訊號經由數位信號處理器進行計算，以估測出延伸型磁通，將三相延伸型磁通利用座標轉換得到兩相延伸型磁通，接著計算其反正切，以獲得角度資訊。特點為不須要複雜的數學運算，並可估測出相當精確的轉子角度。轉子角度經差分運算即得轉子速度。可適用於電動機中、高速運轉時之轉子角度估測。Taiwan Publication/Announcement No. I360287 "A Rotor Angle/Speed Estimation Method for Embedded Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using Extended Flux Estimation Technology" proposes a method for using extended magnetic flux estimation technology for embedded permanent magnet synchronous motors. Digital rotor angle/speed estimation method for permanent magnet synchronous motor. By measuring the current and voltage signals of the motor, the digital signal processor is used for calculation to estimate the extended magnetic flux, and the three-phase extended magnetic flux is converted to the two-phase extended magnetic flux by coordinates, and then its arctangent is calculated. to obtain angle information. The characteristic is that it does not require complicated mathematical operations, and can estimate a fairly accurate rotor angle. The rotor angle is obtained by differential operation to obtain the rotor speed. It can be used to estimate the rotor angle when the motor is running at medium or high speed.
台灣公開/公告號I315602「三相交流永磁同步馬達及同步磁阻馬達電流控制型變頻器切換方法」係揭露一種三相交流永磁同步馬達及同步磁阻馬達電流控制型變頻器切換方法，此方法係根據變頻器在不同的切換模式下所構成的數學模型，並經由量測電動機的電流斜率變化，事先預估變頻器每一個切換狀態的電流變化率，因此變頻器可藉由電動機電流命令與實際電流的誤差，以及電動機轉軸位置，決定最佳的變頻器切換模式，免除複雜的電流控制迴路與額外的硬體電路。由於變頻器具有最佳的切換模式，因此不但可減少電動機電流的諧波成分而且可降低變頻器的切換頻率，進一步減少電力開關的切換損失。Taiwan Publication/Announcement No. I315602 "Switching method of three-phase AC permanent magnet synchronous motor and synchronous reluctance motor current-controlled inverter" discloses a three-phase AC permanent magnet synchronous motor and synchronous reluctance motor current-controlled inverter switching method, This method is based on the mathematical model formed by the inverter in different switching modes, and by measuring the change of the current slope of the motor, the current change rate of each switching state of the inverter is estimated in advance, so the inverter can use the motor current. The error between the command and the actual current, as well as the position of the motor shaft, determines the optimal inverter switching mode, eliminating the need for complicated current control loops and additional hardware circuits. Since the inverter has the best switching mode, it can not only reduce the harmonic components of the motor current but also reduce the switching frequency of the inverter, further reducing the switching loss of the power switch.
台灣公開/公告號I469501「同步磁阻電動機的控制方法」係揭露一種同步磁阻電動機的控制方法，該同步磁阻電動機包括一定子、一轉軸、一直軸及一交軸，轉軸具有一位置及一速度，該同步磁阻電動機的控制方法包括：提供一位置控制程式、一速度控制程式及一電流控制程式；選擇執行位置控制程式或執行速度控制程式以產生一交軸電流；執行電流控制程式；偵測同步磁阻電動機，以得到第一相電流、第二相電流及第三相電流，並將三相電流轉換為一數位訊號；利用三相電流及交軸電流計算出一直軸電流；將交軸電流及直軸電流轉換為直軸電壓命令及交軸電壓命令；將直軸電壓命令及交軸電壓命令執行脈波寬度調變，得到一觸發訊號來控制同步磁阻電動機。此控制方法係利用適應性估測方法及非線性規劃最佳化技術來控制同步磁阻電動機的電流、位置及速度，以有效提升同步磁阻電動機的性能。Taiwan Publication/Announcement No. I469501 "Control Method of Synchronous Reluctance Motor" discloses a control method of synchronous reluctance motor. The synchronous reluctance motor includes a stator, a rotating shaft, a straight shaft and a quadrature shaft. The rotating shaft has a position and A speed, the control method of the synchronous reluctance motor includes: providing a position control program, a speed control program and a current control program; selecting to execute the position control program or executing the speed control program to generate a quadrature axis current; executing the current control program ; Detect the synchronous reluctance motor to obtain the first-phase current, the second-phase current and the third-phase current, and convert the three-phase current into a digital signal; use the three-phase current and the quadrature-axis current to calculate the straight-axis current; Convert the quadrature axis current and the quadrature axis current into the quadrature axis voltage command and the quadrature axis voltage command; execute the pulse width modulation on the quadrature axis voltage command and the quadrature axis voltage command to obtain a trigger signal to control the synchronous reluctance motor. The control method utilizes the adaptive estimation method and the nonlinear programming optimization technique to control the current, position and speed of the synchronous reluctance motor, so as to effectively improve the performance of the synchronous reluctance motor.
所以，如何能解決，可不侷限於估算單一操作點，而是可精準及快速估算馬達在任一操作點之電感值，且可在電機能效標準認證中一同進行，無須額外之量測設備，即可精準及快速得到馬達的
本發明之主要目的便是在於提供一種馬達量測系統及其方法，係應用在同步磁阻馬達之電感量測的環境中，利用本發明之馬達量測系統及馬達量測方法，透過為馬達測試平台系統之馬達量測系統，而量測同步磁阻馬達輸入與輸出之電氣與機械特性，將其代入馬達演算法，而分別得到實際電機運轉時
本發明之再一目的便是在於提供一種馬達量測系統及其方法，係應用在同步磁阻馬達之電感量測的環境中，利用本發明之馬達量測系統以進行馬達量測方法時，首先，進行參數取得動作，在此，參數將包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數，其中，馬達極數不需透過量測取得，其餘皆由量測結果取得;接著，進行迭代演算動作，利用所取得的該些參數，利用馬達演算法進行迭代;進而，得出得到
本發明之又一目的便是在於提供一種馬達量測系統及其方法，係應用在同步磁阻馬達之電感量測的環境中，能在馬達真實運轉下，進行
根據以上所述之目的，本發明提供一種馬達量測系統，該馬達量測系統包含量測模組、馬達演算法模組以及資料庫。According to the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a motor measurement system, which includes a measurement module, a motor algorithm module and a database.
馬達測試平台整機系統包含供電系統、功率計、電阻計、轉速感測器、轉矩感測器及測試載台等。測試過程利用馬達對心儀，將待測馬達與負載(伺服)馬達以聯軸器進行水平接合。透過輸入側功率計及輸出側功率計量測待測馬達之電壓、電流、功率因數及透過電阻計量測電阻。經由系統控制負載馬達施加負載，並利用轉速感測器、轉矩感測器偵測待測馬達之轉速與轉矩。最後透過中央控制系統自動化程式與工業通訊系統，將各類訊號資料集中與運算成馬達效率、功率等輸出特性等。The complete system of the motor test platform includes a power supply system, a power meter, a resistance meter, a speed sensor, a torque sensor and a test stage. In the test process, the motor to be tested is used to match the heart, and the motor to be tested and the load (servo) motor are connected horizontally with a coupling. Measure the voltage, current, power factor of the motor to be tested through the input side power meter and output side power meter, and measure the resistance through the resistance meter. The system controls the load motor to apply the load, and uses the rotational speed sensor and the torque sensor to detect the rotational speed and torque of the motor to be tested. Finally, through the central control system automation program and the industrial communication system, all kinds of signal data are concentrated and calculated into output characteristics such as motor efficiency and power.
量測模組，該量測模組將量測並取得待測馬達之參數，該待測馬達之該些參數包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數，其中，馬達極數不需透過量測取得，其餘皆由量測結果取得;該量測模組將該待測馬達之該些參數傳送至馬達演算法模組，以進行迭代演算動作。Measurement module, the measurement module will measure and obtain the parameters of the motor to be tested, and the parameters of the motor to be tested include voltage, current, resistance, power factor, torque, rotational speed and the number of motor poles, wherein, The number of motor poles does not need to be obtained through measurement, and the rest are obtained from the measurement results; the measurement module transmits the parameters of the motor to be measured to the motor algorithm module for iterative calculation operations.
馬達演算法模組，該馬達演算法模組利用該量測模組所取得的該些參數，利用馬達演算法進行迭代，以得出得到
資料庫，該資料庫除可儲存馬達演算法模組之馬達演算法所需之待測馬達之包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數的參數之外，尚可儲存經馬達演算法模組之馬達演算法所得之待測馬達的
利用本發明之馬達量測系統以進行馬達量測方法時，首先，進行參數取得動作;量測模組將量測並取得待測馬達之參數，該待測馬達之該些參數包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數，其中，馬達極數不需透過量測取得，其餘皆由量測結果取得;另，該量測模組將該待測馬達之該些參數傳送至馬達演算法模組。When using the motor measurement system of the present invention to perform the motor measurement method, firstly, the parameter acquisition operation is performed; the measurement module will measure and acquire the parameters of the motor to be tested, and the parameters of the motor to be tested include voltage and current , resistance, power factor, torque, rotational speed and the number of motor poles, among which, the number of motor poles does not need to be obtained through measurement, and the rest are obtained from the measurement results; The parameters are sent to the motor algorithm module.
接著，進行迭代演算動作;馬達演算法模組利用量測模組所取得的該些參數，利用馬達演算法進行迭代。Next, an iterative calculation operation is performed; the motor algorithm module uses the parameters obtained by the measurement module to iterate by using the motor algorithm.
進而，得出得到
爲使熟悉該項技藝人士瞭解本發明之目的、特徵及功效，茲藉由下述具體實施例，並配合所附之圖式，對本發明詳加說明如後:For those who are familiar with the art to understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, hereby by following specific embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail as follows:
第1圖為一系統示意圖，用以顯示說明本發明之馬達量測系統之系統架構、以及運作情形。如第1圖中所示之，馬達量測系統1包含量測模組2、馬達演算法模組3以及資料庫4。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for illustrating the system structure and operation of the motor measurement system of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the
馬達測試平台整機系統包含供電系統、 功率計、電阻計、轉速感測器、轉矩感測器及測試載台等。測試過程利用馬達對心儀，將待測馬達與負載(伺服)馬達以聯軸器進行水平接合。透過輸入側功率計及輸出側功率計量測待測馬達之電壓、電流、功率因數及透過電阻計量測電阻。經由系統控制負載馬達施加負載，並利用轉速感測器、轉矩感測器偵測待測馬達之轉速與轉矩。最後透過中央控制系統自動化程式與工業通訊系統，將各類訊號資料集中與運算成馬達效率、功率等輸出特性等。The complete system of the motor test platform includes a power supply system, a power meter, a resistance meter, a rotational speed sensor, a torque sensor and a test stage. In the test process, the motor to be tested is used to match the heart, and the motor to be tested and the load (servo) motor are connected horizontally with a coupling. Measure the voltage, current, power factor of the motor to be tested through the input side power meter and output side power meter, and measure the resistance through the resistance meter. The system controls the load motor to apply the load, and uses the rotational speed sensor and the torque sensor to detect the rotational speed and torque of the motor to be tested. Finally, through the central control system automation program and the industrial communication system, all kinds of signal data are concentrated and calculated into output characteristics such as motor efficiency and power.
量測模組2，該量測模組2將量測並取得待測馬達之參數，該待測馬達之該些參數包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數，其中，馬達極數不需透過量測取得，其餘皆由量測結果取得;該量測模組2將該待測馬達之該些參數傳送至馬達演算法模組3，以進行迭代演算動作。
馬達演算法模組3，該馬達演算法模組3利用該量測模組2所取得的該些參數，利用馬達演算法進行迭代，以得出
資料庫4，該資料庫4除可儲存馬達演算法模組3之馬達演算法所需之待測馬達之包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數的參數之外，尚可儲存經馬達演算法模組3之馬達演算法所得之待測馬達的
在此，本發明之馬達量測系統係可為一電機自動測試系統( Automatic motor test system)或是位於一電機自動測試系統中，而量測模組及/或馬達演算法模組係為硬體、韌體、及軟體的至少其中之一，配合電機自動測試系統的處理器(未圖示之)而進行動作;馬達量測系統之資料庫可配合電機自動測試系統的處理器(未圖示之)、以及顯示螢幕(未圖示之)，而將所得之待測馬達的
第2圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明利用如第1圖中之本發明之馬達量測系統以進行馬達量測方法的流程步驟。如第2圖中所示之，首先，於步驟101，首先，進行參數取得動作;量測模組2將量測並取得待測馬達之參數，該待測馬達之該些參數包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數，其中，馬達極數不需透過量測取得，其餘皆由量測結果取得;該量測模組2將該待測馬達之該些參數傳送至馬達演算法模組3，並進到步驟102。FIG. 2 is a flow chart for illustrating the flow steps of a motor measurement method using the motor measurement system of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 . As shown in FIG. 2, firstly, in
於步驟102，進行迭代演算動作;馬達演算法模組3利用量測模組2所取得的該些參數，利用馬達演算法進行迭代，並進到步驟103。In
在此，利用馬達演算法進行迭代時;利用量測之功率因數(
於步驟103，得出
第3圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明於第2圖中之馬達量測方法的迭代演算動作之過程的詳細步驟。如第3圖中所示之，首先，於步驟1021，得出凸極比
於步驟1022，得出初估電感值;透過量測之電流(
於步驟1023，得出電壓計算值;將步驟1022所得之電感值及電阻(
於步驟1024，檢驗計算電壓值(
第4圖為一示意圖，用以顯示說明利用本發明之馬達量測系統的一實施例的系統架構、以及運作情形。如第4圖中所示之，馬達量測系統1包含量測模組2、馬達演算法模組3以及資料庫4，其中，馬達量測系統1係為一電機自動測試系統(Automatic motor test system)，而量測模組2及/或馬達演算法模組3係為硬體、韌體、及軟體的至少其中之一，配合電機自動測試系統的處理器(未圖示之)而進行動作;馬達量測系統1之資料庫4可配合電機自動測試系統的處理器(未圖示之)、以及顯示螢幕(未圖示之)，而將所得之待測馬達15的
馬達測試平台整機系統包含供電系統110、功率計(輸出側功率計16、輸入側功率計19)、動力計控制器11、電阻計18、轉速感測器13、轉矩感測器14及測試載台等。測試過程利用馬達對心儀，將待測馬達15與負載(伺服)馬達12以聯軸器進行水平接合。透過輸入側功率計19及輸出側功率計16量測待測馬達15之電壓、電流、功率因數及透過電阻計18量測電阻。經由系統控制負載馬達12施加負載，並利用轉速感測器13、轉矩感測器14偵測待測馬達15之轉速與轉矩。最後透過中央控制系統自動化程式與工業通訊系統，將各類訊號資料集中與運算成馬達效率、功率等輸出特性等。The complete system of the motor test platform includes a
量測模組2，該量測模組2將量測並取得待測馬達15之參數，該待測馬達15之該些參數包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數，其中，馬達極數不需透過量測取得，其餘皆由量測結果取得，在此，例如， 電壓為馬達測試電壓有效值(
在此，為同步磁阻馬達之待測馬達15的規格為:極數(
馬達演算法模組3，該馬達演算法模組3利用該量測模組2所取得的該些參數，利用馬達演算法進行迭代，以得出
功率因數方程式:
最大功率因數
在此，必須強調的是，以上之轉矩最大化為技術建立基礎且(10)式為馬達演算法的技術特徵之一;而計算式(13)式~(14)式、(17)式~(19)式為馬達演算法的必要計算式;而計算式(17)~(19)式為進行迭代運算所需之計算式。Here, it must be emphasized that the above torque maximization is the foundation of the technology and the formula (10) is one of the technical characteristics of the motor algorithm; ~(19) is the necessary calculation formula for the motor algorithm; and the calculation formula (17)~(19) is the calculation formula required for the iterative operation.
於馬達演算法中，各符號的意義為:
於馬達演算法中，利用量測之功率因數(
經由馬達演算法，可以將能效測試所得到的實驗數據，不用增加額外設備與儀器下，獲得完整的負載電流對電感的曲線。從電流對
資料庫4，該資料庫4除可儲存馬達演算法模組3之馬達演算法所需之待測馬達15之包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數的參數之外，尚可儲存經馬達演算法模組3之馬達演算法所得之待測馬達15的
在此，於本實施例中，雖馬達量測系統1係為一電機自動測試系統(Automatic motor test system)，惟，對於馬達量測系統1係位於一電機自動測試系統中而言，其理相同、類似於本實施例，是故，在此不再贅述。Here, in the present embodiment, although the
第5圖為一示意圖，用以顯示說明於第4圖中的實施例的馬達演算法中的為同步磁阻馬達之待測馬達15的電壓與電流向量的關係。如第5圖中所示，當同步磁阻馬達數學方程式建立於電流大小不變轉換，可知計算式(4)，而由第5圖可以得知電流與其分量關係，且於計算式(5)，若電流相位角為
第6圖為一示意圖，用以顯示說明於第4圖中之實施例為同步磁阻馬達之待測馬達15利用馬達演算法所得出的電感對電流的曲線。如第6圖中所示之，為於第4圖中之為同步磁阻馬達的待測馬達15之馬達規格利用馬達演算法，所得到之電感對電流曲線。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a curve of inductance versus current of the motor under
第7圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明利用如第4圖中之本發明之馬達量測系統的一實施例以進行馬達量測方法的一流程步驟。如第7圖中所示之，首先，於步驟201，首先，進行參數取得動作;量測模組2將量測並取得待測馬達15之參數，該待測馬達15之該些參數包含電壓、電流、電阻、功率因數、轉矩、轉速與馬達極數，其中，電壓為馬達測試電壓有效值(
於步驟202，進行迭代演算動作;馬達演算法模組3利用量測模組2所取得的該些參數，利用馬達演算法進行迭代，並進到步驟203。In
在此，利用馬達演算法進行迭代時;利用量測之功率因數(
於步驟203，得出
第8圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明於第7圖中之馬達量測方法的迭代演算動作之過程的詳細步驟。如第8圖中所示之，首先，於步驟2021，得出凸極比
於步驟2022，得出初估電感值;透過量測之電流(
於步驟2023，得出電壓計算值;將步驟2022所得之電感值及電阻(
於步驟2024，檢驗計算電壓值(
綜合以上之該些實施例，我們可以得到本發明之一種馬達量測系統及其方法，係應用在同步磁阻馬達之電感量測的環境中，利用本發明之馬達量測系統及馬達量測方法，透過為馬達測試平台系統之馬達量測系統，而量測同步磁阻馬達輸入與輸出之電氣與機械特性，將其代入馬達演算法，而分別得到實際電機運轉時之
本發明之馬達量測系統及其方法的優點如下:
1. 透過為馬達測試平台系統之馬達量測系統，而量測同步磁阻馬達輸入與輸出之電氣與機械特性，將其代入馬達演算法，而分別得到實際電機運轉時之
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，並非用以限定本發明之範圍;凡其它未脫離本發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改變或修飾，均應包含在下述之專利範圍內。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all other equivalent changes or modifications accomplished without departing from the spirit disclosed in the present invention shall be included in the following patents within the range.
1:馬達量測系統
2:量測模組
3:馬達演算法模組
4:資料庫
11:動力計控制器
12:負載馬達
13:轉速感測器
14:轉矩感測器
15:待測馬達
16:輸出側功率計
17:控制器
18:電阻計
19:輸入側功率計
101 102 103:步驟
201 202 203:步驟
1021 1022 1023 1024:步驟
2021 2022 2023 2024:步驟
1: Motor measurement system
2: Measurement module
3: Motor algorithm module
4: Database
11: Dynamometer Controller
12: Load motor
13: Speed sensor
14: Torque sensor
15: Motor to be tested
16: Output side power meter
17: Controller
18: Resistance meter
19: Input
第1圖為一系統示意圖，用以顯示說明本發明之馬達量測系統之系統架構、以及運作情形;
第2圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明利用如第1圖中之本發明之馬達量測系統以進行馬達量測方法的流程步驟;
第3圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明於第2圖中之馬達量測方法的迭代演算動作之過程的詳細步驟;
第4圖為一示意圖，用以顯示說明利用本發明之馬達量測系統的一實施例的系統架構、以及運作情形;
第5圖為一示意圖，用以顯示說明於第4圖中的實施例的馬達演算法中的為同步磁阻馬達之待測馬達的電壓與電流向量的關係;
第6圖為一示意圖，用以顯示說明於第4圖中之實施例為同步磁阻馬達之待測馬達15利用馬達演算法所得出的電感對電流的曲線;
第7圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明利用如第4圖中之本發明之馬達量測系統的一實施例以進行馬達量測方法的一流程步驟;以及
第8圖為一流程圖，用以顯示說明於第7圖中之馬達量測方法的迭代演算動作之過程的詳細步驟。
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for illustrating the system structure and operation of the motor measurement system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a flow chart for illustrating the flow steps of a motor measuring method using the motor measuring system of the present invention as shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the detailed steps of the iterative operation process of the motor measurement method described in Fig. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for illustrating the system structure and operation of an embodiment of the motor measurement system using the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the voltage and the current vector of the motor to be tested, which is a synchronous reluctance motor, in the motor algorithm of the embodiment described in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the inductance versus current curve obtained by the motor algorithm for the motor under
101,102,103:步驟 101, 102, 103: Steps
Claims (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116068396A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-05-05 | 深圳市昱森机电有限公司 | Method and related device for testing motor performance based on artificial intelligence |
| CN116068396B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-06-20 | 深圳市昱森机电有限公司 | Method and related device for testing motor performance based on artificial intelligence |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| TW202221351A (en) | 2022-06-01 |
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