TWI760887B - Method and server for abnormal status detection of voice signaling - Google Patents
Method and server for abnormal status detection of voice signaling Download PDFInfo
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本發明是有關於一種狀態偵測機制,且特別是關於一種語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法及伺服器。The present invention relates to a state detection mechanism, and more particularly, to a method and server for abnormal state detection of voice signaling.
隨著電信網路的迅速發展,目前已朝向發展為下一世代網路(Next Generation Network,NGN)的目標前進。NGN網路透過IP媒體子系統(IP Multimedia Subsystem,IMS) 所控制的平台,統合網路間控制信令與資料信令的傳輸,並衍生出IP上的語音(Voice over Internet Protocol,VoIP)技術的應用,也使得IP電話的服務越來越普及。而傳統電話全面IP化已是趨勢。因此,如何在移轉過程中,持續維持整體話務運作,並且在遭遇到異常時能迅速找出障礙點是電信管理者最為關注的目標。而隨著傳統話務移轉至NGN網路,網路複雜度也隨之增加,使得NGN/IMS網路的障礙排除不易,更難以快速定位找出根因。With the rapid development of the telecommunication network, it is now moving towards the goal of developing into a next generation network (Next Generation Network, NGN). The NGN network integrates the transmission of control signaling and data signaling between networks through the platform controlled by the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), and derives the Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology. The application of IP telephony has also made the service of IP telephony more and more popular. It is a trend that traditional telephones are fully IP-based. Therefore, how to continuously maintain the overall traffic operation during the transfer process, and how to quickly find the obstacle point when encountering an abnormality is the most concerned goal of the telecom administrator. With the transfer of traditional traffic to NGN network, the network complexity also increases, which makes it difficult to remove obstacles in NGN/IMS network, and it is even more difficult to quickly locate and find the root cause.
在VoIP技術應用中,會談初始協定(Session Initiation Protocol,SIP),採用請求(Request) /回應(Response)模式,提供數種命令和回應代碼,配合標頭欄位和通訊內容,來完成呼叫控制,其文字基礎(text-based)的通訊方式,使得SIP協定訊息具備偵錯和擴充特性,但是離真正的障礙排除,仍有一段距離。例如:雖然可從狀態-線路(Status-Line)回應內容簡略得知障礙,但是真正的根因並非顯而易見。In the application of VoIP technology, the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) adopts the request (Request)/response (Response) mode, provides several commands and response codes, and cooperates with the header fields and communication content to complete the call control. , its text-based communication method enables SIP protocol messages to have debug and expansion features, but there is still a long way to go before the real obstacle is eliminated. For example, although the obstacle can be seen briefly from the Status-Line response content, the real root cause is not obvious.
目前常見的NGN網路障礙偵測作法,大致可分為主動式與被動式的障礙偵測。主動式的障礙偵測主要是透過傳送SIP 訊息來檢測網路狀態。例如:發送SIP 註冊(REGISTER)訊息來對伺服器進行心跳(Heartbeat)監測;應用SIP 選項(OPTIONS)來監控網路節點設備的狀態;或是使用撥測設備進行網路服務狀態的驗證等。被動式的障礙偵測則是透過擷取SIP信令來分析及檢測網路狀態。例如:透過計時器(Timer)來偵測各節點SIP 回應(Response)的延遲現象;透過分析SIP信令來找出是否發生發話迴圈(Call Loop);是否異常信令計數超過閥值;或是進行語音品質量測等。The current common NGN network obstacle detection methods can be roughly divided into active and passive obstacle detection. Active obstacle detection mainly detects network status by sending SIP messages. For example: send SIP REGISTER message to monitor the heartbeat of the server; use SIP options (OPTIONS) to monitor the status of network node devices; or use dial test equipment to verify network service status, etc. Passive obstacle detection analyzes and detects network status by capturing SIP signaling. For example: detect the delay of each node's SIP response (Response) through a timer; find out whether a call loop (Call Loop) occurs by analyzing SIP signaling; whether the abnormal signaling count exceeds the threshold; or It is to test the quality of voice quality.
中國發明公開號CN106685737B 「基於IP電話的IMS故障分析運維系統、方法及服務器」的先前技術1採用兩種障礙監測策略,先透過被動的封包分析來偵測障礙,再透過主動地發送SIP OPTIONS獲取異常設備之參數,來加以判斷設備是否異常。然而,先前技術1僅適用於NGN/IMS環境,且障礙查測範圍的廣度狹隘。China Invention Publication No. CN106685737B The
美國專利公告號US7869364B2「SIP server overload detection and control」的先前技術2透過SIP 伺服器(Server)所接受的SIP訊息來統計相關量測值,並運用紅、黃、綠燈的狀態來限制目前SIP 伺服器的功能,藉以達到監控SIP校能之目的。然而,先前技術2僅能透過SIP訊息的統計來偵測並限制Server本身之功能,並僅適用於單純SIP協定的伺服器效能監控。然而,異常狀態包含諸多原因,不僅僅是單一設備弱化。The
台灣新型專利公告號TWM393936U1「封包障礙查測系統」的先前技術3用以檢視通話雙方封包交換的處理狀態,監測受話端與發話端之間發生語音單通、通話中斷時得以查出障礙點。然而,先前技術3僅著眼於VoIP封包,並僅根據封包比對來進行障礙判別。Taiwan's New Patent Publication No. TWM393936U1 "Packet Obstacle Detection System" The prior technology 3 is used to check the processing status of the packet exchange between the two parties in the call, and to detect the obstacle point when the voice single-pass or the call is interrupted between the receiving end and the calling end. However, the prior art 3 only focuses on VoIP packets, and performs obstacle determination only based on packet comparison.
美國專利公告號US7688809B2「Media inactivity detection in VoIP networks」的先前技術4透過計數器的設計,來監測即時傳輸協定(Real-time Transport Protocol,RTP) / 即時傳輸控制協定(Real-time Transport Control Protocol,RTCP)封包是否有發送或接收。然而,先前技術4僅限於異常狀態之陳述,並僅適用於VoIP語音失敗之告警,離實際上的障礙釐清仍有段距離。The prior art 4 of US Patent Publication No. US7688809B2 "Media inactivity detection in VoIP networks" monitors Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) / Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) through the design of counters ) whether the packet was sent or received. However, the prior art 4 is limited to the statement of the abnormal state, and is only applicable to the alarm of VoIP voice failure, and there is still a long way to go before the actual obstacle is clarified.
中國專利公告號CN101605075B「一種基於SIP的IP電話故障告警方法及裝置」的先前技術5用以提供維運人員在短時間內獲取出錯的電話呼叫紀錄,並透過數據分析,判斷IP電話的狀態,提高維運的實時性和設備的可靠度。然而,先前技術5以IP話機障礙偵錯為主,且僅著眼於SIP封包。The prior art 5 of China Patent Announcement No. CN101605075B "A SIP-based IP Phone Fault Alerting Method and Device" is used to provide maintenance personnel to obtain erroneous phone call records in a short period of time, and to judge the status of the IP phone through data analysis. Improve the real-time maintenance and equipment reliability. However, the prior art 5 mainly focuses on IP phone obstacle detection, and only focuses on SIP packets.
由此可知,雖然已有許多現有技術研究針對被動式障礙偵測提出設計,但是實施細則偏向設備弱化議題、或是僅透過計數方式來觀測異常趨勢、甚至是僅打轉在信令分析出的內容,且無法探究根因。而過去的研究中,同時能囊括NGN網路與傳統網路的語音信令障礙偵測作法,則更少被著墨。因此,單靠協定中的回應碼內容來判斷障礙,即使是有經驗的管理者,也未必能夠準確地找出根因。It can be seen from this that although many existing technical studies have proposed designs for passive obstacle detection, the implementation details are biased towards the issue of equipment weakening, or only observing abnormal trends through counting methods, or even only revolving around the content analyzed in signaling. And the root cause could not be found. However, in the past research, the method of detecting voice signaling obstacles that can cover both NGN network and traditional network is less focused. Therefore, even an experienced manager may not be able to accurately identify the root cause if the obstacle is judged solely by the content of the response code in the agreement.
由此可見,上述習用方式仍有諸多缺失,實非一良善之設計,而亟待加以改良。It can be seen that there are still many deficiencies in the above-mentioned conventional method, which is not a good design and needs to be improved urgently.
本發明之目的包括監測電信語音網路的異常狀態。藉由全面地掌握電信網路的封包或信令資料,利用本發明所提出的分析方法,快速地定位出異常設備位址,獲取相關的異常信令訊息。此外,透過這些信令線索,能夠進一步地自動確認門號隸屬與服務訂閱狀態,並自動查詢異常設備相關的系統日誌與服務紀錄,進而將重要資訊作為摘要而整合於資料結構中,以利後續進行異常告警、障礙判讀或事件統計等加值應用。Objects of the present invention include monitoring abnormal states of a telecommunications voice network. By comprehensively grasping the packet or signaling data of the telecommunication network, and using the analysis method proposed by the present invention, the address of the abnormal device can be quickly located, and the relevant abnormal signaling information can be obtained. In addition, through these signaling clues, it is possible to further automatically confirm the membership of the door number and the service subscription status, and automatically query the system logs and service records related to the abnormal device, and then integrate the important information into the data structure as a summary to facilitate the follow-up. Perform value-added applications such as abnormal alarms, obstacle interpretation, or event statistics.
在本發明的一實施例中,提供一個語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法。透過全域的電信網路擷取模組之佈建,藉以監測流竄於電信網路中各設備間的信令。此電信網路,可囊括承載媒介不同的網路,包括NGN網路、公用交換電話網路(Public Switched Telephone Network,PSTN)或公用陸上行動網路(Public Land Mobile Network,PLMN),或是邏輯分割不同的網域封包或信令等。藉由已同步的時間標籤,將信令匯集並排序至分析模組,再經由異常狀態分析之流程,將信令中的關鍵資訊儲存至一特徵化的資料結構。摘要模組再根據此結構中的欄位值,歸納門號的隸屬與服務訂閱狀態,並自動讀取異常來源之設備於該時段的系統日誌或軟體的服務紀錄(記錄系統中硬體、作業系統和應用軟體的事件訊息),找出與事件異常的關聯性(即,透過訊息來檢查事件錯誤發生之原因),並摘要至前述的資料結構中,供後續進行異常告警、障礙判讀或事件統計等加值應用。In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling is provided. Through the deployment of the global telecom network capture module, it can monitor the signaling flowing between various devices in the telecom network. This telecommunication network can include networks with different bearer media, including NGN network, Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) or Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), or logical Split different network domain packets or signaling, etc. By the synchronized time stamp, the signaling is collected and sequenced to the analysis module, and then the key information in the signaling is stored in a characteristic data structure through the abnormal state analysis process. The summary module then summarizes the affiliation and service subscription status of the door number according to the field values in this structure, and automatically reads the system log or software service record (recording the hardware, operation, etc. system and application software), find out the correlation with the event exception (that is, check the cause of the event error through the message), and summarize it into the aforementioned data structure for subsequent abnormal alarm, obstacle interpretation or event Statistics and other value-added applications.
達成上述發明目的之語音信令的障礙查測方法,提出一異常狀態之信令分析及異常事件之資訊摘要的技術。本發明所提出之語音信令異常狀態偵測的伺服器,包含五個單元:(一)信令擷取模組、(二)匯集模組、(三)分析模組、(四)摘要模組與(五)異常狀態結構。To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, a method for detecting obstacles of voice signaling is proposed, and a technology for analyzing abnormal state signaling and information summarizing abnormal events is proposed. The server for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling proposed by the present invention includes five units: (1) signaling capture module, (2) aggregation module, (3) analysis module, and (4) summary module Group and (E) abnormal state structure.
首先,信令擷取模組被佈建至電信網路中,此電信網路包括NGN網路、傳統PSTN和PLMN或是隸屬於不同領域(realm)的同質網域。信令擷取模組所蒐集的信令包含會談初始協定(Session Initiation Protocol,SIP)、Diameter、Megaco和電話號碼映射(ENUM) 網域名稱系統(Domain Name System,DNS)等IP封包,也包含數位網路整合服務之用戶端(Integrated Service Digital Network User Part,ISUP)、智慧型網路應用協定(Intelligent Network Application Protocol,INAP)、行動應用部分(Mobile Application Part,MAP)和開方式多媒體應用平台(Open Multimedia Applications Platform,OMAP)等第7號信令系統(Signaling System No. 7,SS7)的信令資料。或者,信令是相關於辨識事件發生、事件改變、或事件消失的欄位。First, the signaling capture module is deployed into the telecommunication network, which includes NGN network, traditional PSTN and PLMN or homogeneous network domains belonging to different realms. The signaling collected by the signaling capture module includes IP packets such as Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), Diameter, Megaco, and Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM), Domain Name System (DNS), etc. Integrated Service Digital Network User Part (ISUP), Intelligent Network Application Protocol (INAP), Mobile Application Part (MAP) and Open Multimedia Application Platform Signaling data of Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) such as Open Multimedia Applications Platform (OMAP). Alternatively, the signaling is related to a field identifying the occurrence of an event, the change of an event, or the disappearance of an event.
匯集模組自各信令擷取模組的資料庫或相關的儲存設備中,將擷取的信令匯集至本地資料庫或相關的儲存設備中,並依照信令的時間戳記進行排序,以進行後續分析模組之利用。The aggregation module collects the captured signaling from the database or related storage device of each signaling capture module into the local database or related storage device, and sorts according to the time stamp of the signaling to perform Use of subsequent analysis modules.
分析模組讀取匯集後的信令資料,進行異常狀態分析之流程。由輸入的信令資料中,偵測出是否有新的語音事件產生,並同時產生對應的異常狀態結構。接著,藉由解碼出的回應碼類型,來判定是否啟動更進一步的事件摘要模組。The analysis module reads the collected signaling data and analyzes the abnormal state. From the input signaling data, it is detected whether a new voice event is generated, and a corresponding abnormal state structure is generated at the same time. Then, according to the type of the decoded response code, it is determined whether to activate a further event summary module.
摘要模組是用於,當回應碼被判定屬於非暫時性失敗時,會根據門號資訊,查詢ENUM及其對應的歸屬用戶伺服器 (Home Subscriber Server,HSS)和電話應用伺服器 (Telephony Application Server,TAS),以獲得門號的隸屬與服務訂閱狀態(包括門號隸屬的設備、門號許可證、門號計費內容、服務週期、註冊資訊、申裝之特業、可申裝之特業及與客戶有關之資訊)。接著,根據異常來源之設備位址,查詢對應時間的系統日誌或是服務紀錄。此外,將回應碼所代表的意義轉譯為文字說明以提升可讀性,最後整合上述之內容,儲存至異常狀態結構。The summary module is used to query the ENUM and its corresponding Home Subscriber Server (HSS) and Telephony Application Server according to the door number information when the response code is judged to be a non-temporary failure. Server, TAS) to obtain the membership and service subscription status of the door number (including the equipment to which the door number belongs, license of the door number, billing content of the door number, service period, registration information, specialties for application and installation specialty and customer-related information). Then, according to the device address of the source of the abnormality, query the system log or service record of the corresponding time. In addition, the meaning represented by the response code is translated into a text description to improve readability, and finally the above content is integrated and stored in the abnormal state structure.
此結構可以加以後製利用,例如透過簡訊中心發送至相關人員終端設備,藉以警示障礙之發生;透過E-mail發送至相關人員信箱,藉以判斷障礙之根因;透過分析軟體進行障礙統計或趨勢之預測等。This structure can be used for post-production, such as sending it to the terminal equipment of the relevant personnel through the short message center to warn the occurrence of the obstacle; sending it to the mailbox of the relevant personnel through E-mail to determine the root cause of the obstacle; using the analysis software to carry out obstacle statistics or trends forecast, etc.
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following embodiments are given and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows.
圖1為依據本發明一實施例之電信網路擷取分析系統示意圖。請參照圖1,此系統包括但不僅限於一台或更多台用戶代理(User_Agent)102、以及一台或更多台伺服器10。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a telecommunication network capture and analysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1 , the system includes but is not limited to one or more user agents (User_Agent) 102 and one or
User_Agent 102為話機設備(例如,手機、傳統電話、或智慧型手錶等)或裝載有VoIP通訊軟體的運算裝置(例如,平板電腦、桌上型電腦、或筆記型電腦等),並具有一組或多組門號(或是其他客戶設備識別碼,例如設備序號、暫時識別碼等),且可將封包或信令傳送至電信網路101,以進行註冊、更新、訂閱事件或發話至另一個User_Agent 102等常見的VoIP行為。
電信網路101可為單一獨立區域103或由數個區域103所構成。區域103可以是NGN/IMS網路,其包含區域網路(Local Area Network,LAN)及廣域網路(Wide Area Network,WAN),也可以是PSTN或PLMN等網路。而當區域103為區域網路時,數個區域103可受相同或不同的領域(realm)所管轄。須說明的是,其他網路類型:WAN、PSTN、PLMN則有自己隸屬的領域,亦即不同區域103內的User_Agent 102無法共用註冊資訊。The
伺服器10包括信令擷取模組104、匯集模組105、分析模組106及摘要模組115。這些模組104,105,106,115是軟體模組,並由程式碼實現,且可經被處理器載入並據以執行本發明實施例的語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法。The
信令擷取模組104分別佈建於區域103的網路內,並能夠取得電信網路101中的區域103中的語音相關的訊息(例如,封包或信令資料)。例如:當區域103為NGN/IMS網路時,信令擷取模組104擷取IP封包的信令資料(包含SIP、Diameter、Megaco和ENUM DNS等IP承載之信令);若區域103為PSTN/PLMN網路時,則擷取ISUP、INAP、MAP和OMAP等SS7信令資料。信令擷取模組104並將所擷取的IP封包或SS7信令存放至模組104內的儲存元件(例如,記憶體或硬碟)。此外,各區域103內的封包或信令都已經過時間同步處理。若有
N個區域(
N為正整數),則至少佈建
N個或是數量足夠的信令擷取模組104,使得信令擷取範圍能涵蓋整個電信網路。
The
匯集模組105會定期或是依照匯集事件觸發來蒐集信令擷取模組104於各區域103所擷取之信令或封包資料。所謂「定期」可為任意時間長度的間隔,例如每隔10秒、15秒或是1小時等時間間隔。此外,蒐集之資料會依照封包或信令時間進行排序,以提供分析模組106進行分析。The
分析模組106會依時序匯入匯集模組105的資料,啟動狀態分析流程400,針對各User_Agent 102的事件(包含註冊、更新、訂閱與發受話等),根據條件產生對應的異常狀態結構107。此結構107中的特徵欄位包含事件的起始時間108、User Agent (UA) 號碼109(或是其他客戶設備識別碼)、異常回應碼的發生時間111、異常回應碼112、回應設備位址113(即,對應於異常回應碼的來源設備)和異常狀態摘要114(即,摘要內容)。即,分析模組106自訊息擷取對應於異常狀態結構中的數個特徵欄位的內容,並據以將擷取的內容寫入異常狀態結構107。當事件為發受話時,發話者(Caller)的發話號碼(SIP-From-Address)及受話者(Callee)的受話號碼(SIP-To-Address)會分別對應於UA號碼1 109及UA號碼2 110;註冊或其他事件,也是參考相同的紀錄位址(Address of Record,AOR)。若此事件包含多個不同值的回應碼時,則分析模組106會根據個別的回應時間111,依序填入接收的回應碼112及回應設備位址113。異常狀態結構107的內容可儲存在電腦或計算機能讀取之任何有形儲存介質,且此儲存介質可以是記憶體、硬碟、光碟、磁帶等儲存媒介,以供後續之利用。The
摘要模組115會根據異常狀態結構107中的條件(包含起始時間108、UA號碼1 109、UA號碼2 110、回應時間111、回應碼112和回應設備位址113),進行以下程序:摘要模組115透過ENUM及網域103內的HSS和TAS服務查詢UA號碼的隸屬狀態(即,客戶設備識別碼對應的局情狀態,並相關於隸屬區域);摘要模組115根據回應設備位址查詢系統日誌或服務紀錄;摘要模組115根據回應碼提供障礙相關或任何有利於障礙排除的提示文字等。此外,摘要模組115將最後結果彙總於異常狀態摘要114欄位(即,摘要內容,並包括回應碼的意義陳述、或用於提示或說明障礙根因之文字內容)。The
以下將舉例說明VoIP事件中的註冊情境,其包含正常與非正常的信令流程,以闡述數本發明語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法的實施細節。The following will illustrate the registration situation in the VoIP event, which includes normal and abnormal signaling processes, to illustrate the implementation details of the method for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling of the present invention.
圖2為依據本發明一實施例之UA 102正常的NGN/IMS註冊信令流程200。請參照圖2,流程200包括兩次的註冊程序。第一次的註冊程序為步驟S201~S210,其目的是取得核心網路的認證方式及相關參數。值得注意的是,程序200中的步驟S204:HSS會將其指派的服務-呼叫會談控制功能(Serving Call Session Control Function,S-CSCF)回傳給詢問-呼叫會談控制功能 (Interrogation Call Session Control Function,I-CSCF),以Diameter 用戶-授權-回答(User-Authorization-Answer,UAA)信令傳遞。其中,信令內容包括設備名稱或設備能力及回應碼結果-碼(Result-Code) 2001 (DIAMETER_FIRST_REGISTRATION);步驟S207則是HSS通知S-CSCF該用哪種方式來認證UA;在步驟S208中,S-CSCF則根據HSS提供的認證資訊,將演算法名稱及認證參數透過SIP回應碼狀態-碼(Status-Code) 401 (Unauthorized) 訊息傳給I-CSCF,以代表尚未通過認證。FIG. 2 is a normal NGN/IMS
第二次的註冊程序為步驟S211~S220,其目的是根據核網認證方式與參數,由UA 102運算後遞送至S-CSCF以確認是否為有效註冊。其中,在步驟S217中,HSS會將該使用者的服務類型及計費資訊傳送給S-CSCF,並搭配回應碼Result-Code 2001 (DIAMETER_SUCCESS),以代表Diameter 伺服器-指派-回答(Server- Assignment-Answer,SAA)回應成功。之後,CSCF會以SIP回應碼Status-Code 200 (OK)通知UA 102註冊成功。The second registration procedure is steps S211 to S220, the purpose of which is to calculate and deliver to the S-CSCF according to the core network authentication method and parameters to confirm whether the registration is valid. Among them, in step S217, the HSS will send the user's service type and charging information to the S-CSCF, and match the response code Result-Code 2001 (DIAMETER_SUCCESS) to represent the Diameter server-assign-answer (Server- Assignment-Answer, SAA) responded successfully. After that, the CSCF will notify the
圖3為依據本發明一實施例之UA 102異常的NGN/IMS註冊信令流程300。請參照圖3,程序300中的步驟S304:當HSS收到I-CSCF轉送的UA認證資訊,發現使用者身分資格不符,便以回應碼Result-Code 5002 (DIAMETER_ERROR_IDENTITIES_DONT_MATCH) 回傳I-CSCF;之後,CSCF以SIP回應碼Status-Code 403 (Forbidden)回應UA,以通知註冊失敗。FIG. 3 is a NGN/IMS
由於圖1中的分析模組106的輸入是經過時間排序後的信令資料,因此資料流會依照信令流程依序被檢視,其狀態分析流程400如圖4所示。其步驟如下:Since the input of the
流程開始(步驟S401)。The flow starts (step S401).
步驟S402:匯集資料(包含各網域的信令資料),並依時序輸入這些資料。Step S402: Assemble data (including signaling data of each network domain), and input the data in sequence.
步驟S403:根據信令特性判斷是否為新事件。例如:若為SIP信令,分析模組106會根據起始時間、UA號碼或AOR、Call-ID、Cseq、Tag判斷是否為新事件;若為SS7信令,分析模組106則會根據電路識別碼(Circuit Identification Code,CIC)、呼叫號碼(Calling Party Number)、受呼叫號碼(Called Party Number)判斷是否為新事件;若為Diameter信令,分析模組106則是根據Session-ID等內容判斷是否為新事件。其中,UA號碼及事件時間範圍為連結各信令的主要關鍵。若判定為新事件,則分析模組106會接續步驟S404;若非新事件,則會接續步驟S405。Step S403: Determine whether it is a new event according to the signaling characteristic. For example: if it is SIP signaling, the
步驟S404:產生異常狀態結構107,將此信令的起始時間108、UA號碼1 109及UA號碼2 110填入到異常狀態結構107。當信令為SIP時,以SIP-From-Address填入UA號碼1 109;SIP-To-Address被填入到UA號碼2 110;當信令為SS7時,則以Calling Party Number填入UA號碼1 109;Called Party Number被填入UA號碼2 110。Step S404: Generate the abnormal state structure 107, and fill the abnormal state structure 107 with the
步驟S405:檢查此信令是否存在有回應碼。若有,分析模組106進行步驟S406;若無,則進行步驟S410,並判斷事件是否結束。Step S405: Check whether there is a response code in the signaling. If yes, the
步驟S406:判斷回應碼的值是否為失敗訊息。例如,SIP Status-Code為4xx代表Client-Errors、5xx為Server-Errors、6xx為Global-Errors;Diameter Result-Code為5xxx代表Permanent Failures、4xxx為Transient Failures、3xxx為Protocol Errors。若無法直接透過比較式來判斷是否為失敗訊息,則是分析模組106透過查表判定,例如:Q.850 Cause Codes。若為失敗訊息,則接續步驟S407;若非失敗訊息,則接續步驟S410。Step S406: Determine whether the value of the response code is a failure message. For example, SIP Status-Code of 4xx represents Client-Errors, 5xx of Server-Errors, and 6xx of Global-Errors; Diameter Result-Code of 5xxx represents Permanent Failures, 4xxx represents Transient Failures, and 3xxx represents Protocol Errors. If it is not possible to directly determine whether it is a failure message through the comparison formula, the
步驟S407:判斷錯誤事件是否為暫時性失敗(包括客戶忙線、客戶取消、認證未完成以及相關於暫時性異常之狀態)。例如:圖2的SIP回應碼Status-Code 401 (Unauthorized),僅是將認證資訊遞送至UA,需等待UA回應內容才能斷定是否為失敗;又例如:Diameter回應碼4xxx為Transient Failures。若為暫時性失敗,分析模組106繼續下一筆信令資料輸入(並返回步驟S402);若非暫時性失敗,則接續步驟S408。Step S407: Determine whether the error event is a temporary failure (including the client busy, the client cancels, the authentication is not completed, and the status related to temporary abnormality). For example, the SIP response code Status-Code 401 (Unauthorized) in Figure 2 only sends the authentication information to the UA, and it needs to wait for the UA response content to determine whether it is a failure; another example: Diameter response code 4xxx is Transient Failures. If it is a temporary failure, the
步驟S408:更新異常狀態結構107中相關值/內容(包括回應時間111、回應碼112、回應設備位址113等)。若為新回應碼,則分析模組106附加其後;並接續步驟S409。Step S408: Update the relevant value/content in the abnormal state structure 107 (including the
步驟S409:摘要模組115會根據異常狀態值,建立與事件之連結關係,並彙整相關內容至異常狀態摘要114。其中,事件摘要流程500如圖5所示,並將於後續說明。Step S409 : the
步驟S410:判斷事件是否結束。若結束,則分析模組106進入步驟S411;若未結束,則繼續下一筆信令資料輸入(返回步驟S402)。Step S410: Determine whether the event ends. If it ends, the
步驟S411:結束狀態分析流程。Step S411: End the state analysis process.
當語音信令在NGN/IMS網路流竄且發生異常時,透過狀態分析流程400,會獲得一筆異常狀態結構(包含此事件的起始時間108、第一次出現失敗/異常回應碼的時間111及設備位址113等)。若此事件有多個不同回應碼,則分析模組106會依序產生多組回應時間111、回應碼112及回應設備位址113。When the voice signaling flows in the NGN/IMS network and an exception occurs, an abnormal status structure (including the
而透過異常狀態摘要114,可進一步知悉異常狀態的摘要內容;此摘要內容是摘要模組115根據事件摘要流程500所建立,如圖5所示。其步驟如下:Through the
流程開始(步驟S501)。The flow starts (step S501).
步驟S502:輸入異常狀態結構107,取得事件起始時間108、UA號碼1 109、UA號碼2 110、第一次出現失敗回應碼的時間111及設備位址113等。Step S502: Input the abnormal state structure 107 to obtain the
步驟S503:根據UA號碼1 109及UA號碼2 110,進行ENUM、HSS及TAS服務之查詢,取得UA號碼收容的局情狀態。例如:摘要模組115先針對UA號碼查詢ENUM服務,可知悉此UA號碼是否為VoIP門號、以及隸屬於哪一個區域103。接著,摘要模組115根據UA號碼查詢此區域103的HSS,即可確認UA號碼是否存在此區域103。此外,摘要模組115可根據UA號碼查詢此區域103的TAS,則可獲取UA號碼訂閱之服務。Step S503: According to the
步驟S504:根據事件起始時間108、UA號碼1 109、UA號碼2 110、回應碼時間111及設備位址113,取得該時段的設備異常資訊;例如:以應用程式介面(Application Programming Interface,API)呼叫方式取得設備的系統日誌或服務紀錄檔。Step S504: According to the
步驟S505:根據回應碼112,提供障礙提示文字。例如:回應碼5002 (DIAMETER_ERROR_IDENTITIES_DONT_MATCH) 代表設備檢查UA的公開識別碼(public identity)與私有識別碼(private identity)不相同,也就是HSS並未註冊成功的意思。若封包或信令內有其他提示訊息,例如理由(Reason)欄位,也會附加在摘要內容裡。Step S505: Provide obstacle prompt text according to the
步驟S506:彙整步驟S503~步驟S505之結果,更新異常狀態結構107的摘要114的欄位。Step S506 : Integrate the results of steps S503 to S505 , and update the field of the
步驟S507:結束事件摘要流程。Step S507: End the event summary process.
透過上述流程,當異常事件發生時,一個異常狀態結構107會被建立,此時,伺服器10可進行異常警示,通知UA號碼擁有者或相關網域的維運人員。而當異常事件發生後,異常狀態摘要114可提供進一步異常狀態內容之揭露,協助障礙之排除。Through the above process, when an abnormal event occurs, an abnormal state structure 107 will be created. At this time, the
以下將針對前述NGN/IMS正常註冊信令流程200,透過狀態分析流程400與事件摘要流程500,說明本發明之語音信令異常狀態偵測方法的實施步驟:The following will describe the implementation steps of the voice signaling abnormal state detection method of the present invention through the
流程開始(步驟S401)。The flow starts (step S401).
步驟S402:依時序輸入NGN/IMS正常註冊信令。Step S402: Input NGN/IMS normal registration signaling according to the sequence.
步驟S403:讀取第一筆信令,判斷此信令為新事件。Step S403: Read the first signaling, and determine that the signaling is a new event.
步驟S404:產生一筆異常狀態結構107,將此信令的起始時間108、UA號碼1 109及UA號碼2 110填入異常狀態結構107;繼續步驟S402,輸入第二筆信令;步驟S403判斷非新事件,進入步驟S405。Step S404: generate an abnormal state structure 107, and fill in the
步驟S405:第二筆信令無回應碼;進入步驟S410。Step S405: there is no response code for the second signaling; go to step S410.
步驟S410:註冊事件未結束;重複步驟S402、S403、S405、S410;直到第四筆信令,步驟S405檢查有回應碼Result-Code 2001;進入步驟S406。Step S410: the registration event is not over; repeat steps S402, S403, S405, and S410; until the fourth signaling, step S405 checks that there is a response code Result-Code 2001; and goes to step S406.
步驟S406:判斷回應碼Result-Code 2001非失敗訊息;進入步驟S410。Step S406: determine that the response code Result-Code 2001 is not a failure message; go to step S410.
步驟S410:註冊事件未結束;繼續重複步驟S402、S403、S405、S410,讀取第五筆、第六筆信令、直到第七筆信令;重複步驟S406,判斷回應碼Result-Code 2001非失敗訊息;繼續步驟S410;步驟S402:讀取第八筆信令,繼續步驟S403、S405、S406。Step S410: the registration event is not over; continue to repeat steps S402, S403, S405, and S410, read the fifth and sixth signaling until the seventh signaling; repeat step S406, and determine that the response code Result-Code 2001 is not failure message; continue to step S410; step S402: read the eighth signaling, and continue to steps S403, S405, and S406.
步驟S406:判斷SIP回應碼Status-Code 401 (Unauthorized)為Client-Error失敗訊息;進入步驟S407。Step S406: Determine that the SIP response code Status-Code 401 (Unauthorized) is a Client-Error failure message; go to step S407.
步驟S407:判斷SIP回應碼Status-Code 401 (Unauthorized),僅是將認證資訊遞送至UA為暫時性失敗;重複步驟S402、S403、S405、S406、S407,讀取第九筆至第十筆信令、第十四筆信令、第十七筆信令;重複步驟S402、S403、S405、S410,讀取第十一筆11至第十三筆信令、第十五筆信令、第十六筆信令;當信令為第十八筆至第二十筆時,步驟S406判斷為SIP回應碼Status-Code 200 (OK) 非失敗訊息,進入步驟S410。Step S407: judging the SIP response code Status-Code 401 (Unauthorized), it is only a temporary failure to deliver the authentication information to the UA; repeat steps S402, S403, S405, S406, S407, and read the ninth to tenth letters order, the fourteenth signaling, the seventeenth signaling; repeat steps S402, S403, S405, S410, read the eleventh signaling 11 to the thirteenth signaling, the fifteenth signaling, the tenth signaling Six signaling; when the signaling is from the eighteenth to the twentieth, step S406 determines that the SIP response code Status-Code 200 (OK) is not a failure message, and proceeds to step S410.
最後,步驟S410判斷事件結束。Finally, step S410 judges that the event ends.
流程結束(步驟S411):產生不包含任何異常回應碼112及摘要內容114的異常狀態結構107,且分析模組106可選擇丟棄或是進行計數等應用。The process ends (step S411 ): the abnormal state structure 107 that does not contain any
以下將針對前述NGN/IMS異常註冊信令流程300,透過狀態分析流程400與事件摘要流程500,說明本發明之語音信令異常狀態偵測方法的實施步驟:The following will describe the implementation steps of the voice signaling abnormal state detection method of the present invention through the
流程開始(步驟S401)。The flow starts (step S401).
步驟S402:依時序輸入NGN/IMS異常註冊信令。Step S402: Input NGN/IMS abnormal registration signaling in sequence.
步驟S403:讀取第一筆信令,判斷此信令為新事件。Step S403: Read the first signaling, and determine that the signaling is a new event.
步驟S404:產生一筆異常狀態結構107,將此信令的起始時間108、UA號碼1 109及UA號碼2 110填入結構107;繼續步驟S402,輸入第二筆信令;步驟S403判斷非新事件,進入步驟S405。Step S404: Generate an abnormal state structure 107, fill in the
步驟S405:第二筆信令無回應碼;進入步驟S410。Step S405: there is no response code for the second signaling; go to step S410.
步驟S410:註冊事件未結束;重複步驟S402、S403、S405、S410;直到第四筆信令,步驟S405檢查有回應碼Result-Code 5002;進入步驟S406。Step S410: the registration event is not over; repeat steps S402, S403, S405, and S410; until the fourth signaling, step S405 checks that there is a response code Result-Code 5002; and goes to step S406.
步驟S406:判斷回應碼Result-Code 5002為失敗訊息,若設備檢查UA的public identity與private identity不相同,則表示HSS未註冊成功。Step S406: It is judged that the response code Result-Code 5002 is a failure message. If the device checks that the public identity of the UA is different from the private identity, it means that the HSS has not been successfully registered.
步驟S407:判斷回應碼Result-Code 5002非暫時性失敗。Step S407: It is determined that the response code Result-Code 5002 is not a temporary failure.
步驟S408:更新異常狀態結構107相關值,包括回應時間111、回應碼112、回應設備位址113等。Step S408: Update the relevant values of the abnormal state structure 107, including the
步驟S409:摘要模組115根據異常狀態值,進行事件摘要流程500。Step S409: The
流程開始(步驟S501)。The flow starts (step S501).
步驟S502:輸入異常狀態結構107,取得事件起始時間108、UA號碼1 109、UA號碼2 110、回應碼Result-Code 5002的時間111及設備位址113等。Step S502: Input the abnormal state structure 107, and obtain the
步驟S503:根據UA號碼1 109及UA號碼2 110,進行ENUM、HSS及TAS服務之查詢,取得UA號碼收容的局情狀態及訂閱之服務。Step S503: According to the
步驟S504:根據事件起始時間108、UA號碼1 109、UA號碼2 110、回應碼時間111及設備位址113,取得此時段的HSS服務紀錄。Step S504: According to the
步驟S505:根據回應碼Result-Code 5002,提供HSS並未註冊成功之訊息。Step S505: According to the response code Result-Code 5002, provide a message that the HSS has not been successfully registered.
步驟S506:彙整步驟S503~步驟S505之結果,更新異常狀態結構107的摘要欄位114。Step S506 : Integrate the results of steps S503 to S505 , and update the
步驟S507:結束事件摘要流程500,返回步驟S409。Step S507: End the
步驟S410:註冊事件未結束;繼續重複步驟S402、S403、S405,讀取第九筆信令,步驟S406判斷回應碼Status-Code 403為失敗訊息;重複前述步驟S407~步驟S507,並據以附加新的摘要內容;繼續步驟S402、S403、S405,讀取第十筆信令,由於此回應碼Status-Code 403已經存在異常狀態結構107,所以接續步驟S410。Step S410: the registration event is not over; continue to repeat steps S402, S403, S405, read the ninth signaling, and step S406 determines that the response code Status-Code 403 is a failure message; repeat the aforementioned steps S407 to S507, and append accordingly. New summary content; continue with steps S402, S403, and S405, and read the tenth signaling. Since the response code Status-Code 403 already has an abnormal status structure 107, step S410 is continued.
步驟S410:判斷事件結束。Step S410: judging that the event ends.
流程結束(步驟S411):產生包含異常回應碼1 112(Result-Code 5002)、異常回應碼2 112(Status-Code 403)及其對應的摘要114之異常狀態結構107,分析模組106可利用其進行障礙告警、提示或計數等應用。The process ends (step S411 ): the abnormal status structure 107 including the
上列詳細說明乃針對本發明之一可行實施例進行具體說明,惟該實施例並非用以限制本發明之專利範圍,凡未脫離本發明技藝精神所為之等效實施或變更,均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。The above detailed description is for a specific description of a feasible embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or modification that does not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention shall be included in the within the scope of the patent in this case.
本發明實施例的特點及功效:Features and effects of the embodiments of the present invention:
本發明實施例所提供之語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法及伺服器,主要是透過擷取電信網路的封包或信令來進行分析,應用異常狀態的相關資訊,協助門號擁有者或網路維運人員找出異常狀態之根因。與其他習用技術相互比較時,更具有下列之效益與優點:The method and server for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling provided by the embodiments of the present invention mainly analyze the packets or signaling of the telecommunication network by capturing the packets or signaling of the telecommunication network, and apply the relevant information of the abnormal state to assist the door number owner or the Network maintenance personnel find out the root cause of the abnormal state. When compared with other conventional technologies, it has the following benefits and advantages:
本發明實施例之語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法及伺服器,除了基本的異常回應碼提示,還提供了門號歸屬狀態、異常回應碼來源設備位址及異常時段的設備日誌及服務訊息等重要資訊,能大幅提升維運人員進行障礙診斷的準確性,並且縮短排除障礙之時間。The method and server for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling according to the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the basic abnormal response code prompt, also provide the door number attribution state, the source device address of the abnormal response code, and the device log and service message of the abnormal time period Such important information can greatly improve the accuracy of obstacle diagnosis by maintenance personnel, and shorten the time for troubleshooting.
本發明實施例之語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法及伺服器,可在異常狀態發生的同時,迅速產生基本的告警內容(包含事件起始時間、異常代碼的產生時間、異常事件的回應代碼和異常事件的來源設備等),以達到近似即時的告警功能,能快速通知維運人員異常事件之發生。The method and server for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling according to the embodiment of the present invention can quickly generate basic alarm content (including event start time, abnormal code generation time, abnormal event response code) when abnormal state occurs. and source equipment of abnormal events, etc.), in order to achieve a near-instant alarm function, which can quickly notify maintenance and operation personnel of the occurrence of abnormal events.
本發明實施例之語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法及伺服器,可在異常狀態發生後,提供異常狀態發生時的相關資訊(包含門號的局情狀態、服務訂閱狀態、異常事件的起始時間、異常事件發生的來源設備、異常事件的相關日誌與程序紀錄等),能讓維運人員更全面地掌握異常事件之全貌。The method and server for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling according to the embodiment of the present invention can provide relevant information when the abnormal state occurs after the abnormal state occurs (including the local situation state of the door number, the service subscription state, and the start of the abnormal event). (starting time, source equipment of abnormal events, relevant logs and program records of abnormal events, etc.), so that maintenance and operation personnel can more comprehensively grasp the whole picture of abnormal events.
本發明實施例之語音信令異常狀態偵測的方法及伺服器,採用擷取信令分析之方法,不需要在NGN/IMS各設備中埋入Agent進行監控,即可判斷是否有異常事件之產生,因此對於各設備之效能影響可降至最低。The method and server for detecting abnormal state of voice signaling according to the embodiments of the present invention adopt the method of capturing and analyzing signaling, and it is not necessary to embed an Agent in each NGN/IMS device for monitoring, so as to determine whether there is an abnormal event. Therefore, the performance impact on each device can be minimized.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed above by the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.
101:電信網路 10:伺服器 102:User Agent 103:區域 104:信令擷取模組 105:匯集模組 106:分析模組 107:異常狀態結構 108:事件起始時間 109:User Agent門號 (SIP-From-Address) 110:User Agent門號 (SIP-To-Address) 111:回應碼產生的時間 112:回應碼代號 113:產生回應碼的設備位址 114:異常狀態摘要 115:摘要模組 200:NGN/IMS正常註冊信令流程 S201~S220:步驟 300:NGN/IMS異常註冊信令流程 S301~S306:步驟 400:狀態分析流程 S401~S411:步驟 500:事件摘要流程 S501~S507:步驟 101: Telecom Networks 10: Server 102:User Agent 103: Area 104: Signaling capture module 105: Aggregate Mods 106: Analysis Module 107: Abnormal state structure 108: Event start time 109:User Agent number (SIP-From-Address) 110:User Agent number (SIP-To-Address) 111: The time when the response code was generated 112: Response code code number 113: The address of the device that generated the response code 114: Abnormal state summary 115:Summary module 200:NGN/IMS normal registration signaling process S201~S220: Steps 300:NGN/IMS abnormal registration signaling process S301~S306: Steps 400: Status Analysis Process S401~S411: Steps 500: Event Summary Process S501~S507: Steps
圖1為依據本發明一實施例之電信網路擷取分析系統示意圖。 圖2為依據本發明一實施例之NGN/IMS正常註冊信令流程圖。 圖3為依據本發明一實施例之NGN/IMS異常註冊信令流程圖。 圖4為依據本發明一實施例之狀態分析流程圖。 圖5為依據本發明一實施例之事件摘要流程圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a telecommunication network capture and analysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of NGN/IMS normal registration signaling according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of NGN/IMS abnormal registration signaling according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of state analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an event summary according to an embodiment of the present invention.
400:狀態分析流程 400: Status Analysis Process
S401~S411:步驟 S401~S411: Steps
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