TWI760565B - Antiglare film and display device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an anti-glare film capable of suppressing the glare of image light of an ultra-fine display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more, and capable of suppressing a decrease in contrast ratio. The present invention relates to an anti-glare film having an anti-glare layer, an internal haze of 5.0 to 25.0%, a surface haze of 20.0% or less, and the above-mentioned anti-glare when λs is 2.5 μm and λc is 250 μm The three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _{2.5-250 of the layer surface and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa 2.5-70 of} the surface of the anti-glare layer when λs is 2.5 μm and λc is 70 μm satisfy the following formula (1) ~(3). 0.080 μm≦Sa _2.5-250 (1) Sa _2.5-250 －Sa _2.5-70 ≦0.030 μm (2) 0.83≦Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 (3)

Description

Antiglare film and display device using the same

The present invention relates to an anti-glare film and a display device using the same.

In some cases, an anti-glare film having a concave-convex structure is provided on the surface of the display element for the purpose of suppressing reflection of external light.

However, when an anti-glare film having a concavo-convex structure on the surface of a display element is used, there is a problem in that a phenomenon (glare), which is caused by the concave-convex structure, causes a phenomenon (glare) in which the image light can be seen with a fine brightness, makes the display Quality is reduced. Especially in recent years, the ultra-high-definition display elements (pixel density of 300 ppi or more) have a tendency to increase the glare, and the problem of glare is more prominent.

As a technique for suppressing glare caused by surface irregularities, techniques of Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed. Prior Art Documents Patent Documents

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-305010 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-267818 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-172834

[The problem to be solved by the invention]

Patent Documents 1 and 2 improve glare by imparting internal haze. However, ultra-high-definition display elements with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more tend to increase glare. If the glare is to be suppressed only by the internal haze as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the internal haze has to be further increased. will result in a reduction in contrast. In particular, there is a tendency for the contrast in a dark room environment to decrease due to the internal haze.

Patent Document 3 aims at suppressing glare without increasing the internal haze because the distribution of the inclination angle of the unevenness is not deviated to a specific angle. However, even in the technique of Patent Document 3, the glare of the ultra-high-definition display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more cannot be sufficiently suppressed.

The present invention has been accomplished under such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of suppressing the glare of the image light of an ultra-high-definition display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more, and suppressing the reduction in contrast even when it has a concavo-convex shape anti-glare film and display device. [Technical means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the following [1] to [2]. [1] An anti-glare film having an anti-glare layer, wherein the internal haze of the anti-glare film is 5.0 to 25.0%, the surface haze is 20.0% or less, and λs is set to 2.5 μm and λc is set to 250 μm The three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of the anti-glare layer Sa _2.5-250 and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of the anti-glare layer Sa _2.5-70 when λs is set to 2.5 μm and λc is set to 70 μm satisfies the following Formulas (1)~(3); 0.080 μm≦Sa _2.5-250 (1) Sa _2.5-250 －Sa _2.5-70 ≦0.030 μm (2) 0.83≦Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 (3). [2] A display device comprising a display element and an anti-glare film disposed on the light emitting surface side of the display element, and the anti-glare film described in the above [1] is used as the above-mentioned anti-glare film to satisfy the formula (1 ) to (3) are arranged to face the opposite side of the above-mentioned display element. [Effect of invention]

The anti-glare film and the display device of the present invention can suppress the glare of the image light of the ultra-fine display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more, and can suppress the reduction of the contrast ratio.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. [Anti-glare film] The anti-glare film of the present invention has an anti-glare layer, the internal haze of the anti-glare film is 5.0 to 25.0%, the surface haze is 20.0% or less, and λs is set to 2.5 μm and λc is set to 250 The three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _2.5-250 of the surface of the anti-glare layer in μm and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of the anti-glare layer Sa _2.5-70 when λs is 2.5 μm and λc is 70 μm are satisfied The following formulas (1) to (3). 0.080 μm≦Sa _2.5-250 (1) Sa _2.5-250 －Sa _2.5-70 ≦0.030 μm (2) 0.83≦Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 (3)

1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the antiglare film 10 of the present invention. The anti-glare film 10 in FIG. 1 is composed of an anti-glare layer 2 on a transparent substrate 1 , and the anti-glare film 10 in FIG. 2 is composed of a single layer of the anti-glare layer 2 .

The internal haze of the anti-glare film of the present invention must be 5.0 to 25.0%. If the internal haze of the anti-glare film is less than 5.0%, glare cannot be suppressed. Moreover, when the internal haze of the anti-glare film exceeds 25.0%, the contrast cannot be made favorable. In particular, when the display element is a TN-mode liquid crystal display element with more light leakage to the side, and when the internal haze is high, the contrast ratio in a dark room environment will be greatly reduced. Furthermore, by setting the internal haze to be 25.0% or less, the reduction in the resolution of the display element can be suppressed, which is also preferable in this respect. In the present invention, by satisfying the following equations (2) and (3) without increasing the internal haze extremely, it is possible to suppress a decrease in contrast and suppress glare.

The lower limit of the internal haze of the anti-glare film is preferably 7.0%, more preferably 10.0%, and the upper limit is preferably 20.0%, more preferably 18.0%. The values of these lower and upper limits may be appropriately combined. In this specification, an internal haze means the average value of the measurement value of 16 places, and can be calculated|required by the method described in an Example, for example. In this specification, the 16 measurement points for calculating the average value of internal haze, surface haze, and formulae (1) to (7) are preferably set to the area 1 cm away from the outer edge of the measurement sample as a blank. In the inner area of the blank, draw a line that divides the vertical and horizontal directions into five equal parts, and take the 16 intersection points at this time as the center of the measurement. For example, when the measurement sample is a quadrilateral, as shown in FIG. 6 , the area 1 cm away from the outer edge of the quadrilateral is preferably used as a blank, and the area on the inner side of the blank is divided into five equal parts in the vertical and horizontal directions. The 16 intersection points of the dotted lines were measured as the center, and the parameters were calculated using the average value. Furthermore, when the measurement sample is a shape other than a quadrilateral such as a circle, an elliptical circle, a triangle, and a pentagon, it is preferable to draw a quadrilateral inscribed with these shapes. Methods 16 measurements were performed. Furthermore, the standard deviation of the internal haze at 16 locations is preferably 10% or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness (skewness) of the internal haze at 16 places is 2.0 or less.

The measured value of haze or surface shape of the anti-glare film may not be in the normal distribution, but as long as it is at least within the range of the standard deviation and skewness described in this specification, the effect of the present invention will not be hindered. In addition, the reason why the measured value of the haze or the surface shape of the anti-glare film may not be in the normal distribution is considered as follows. When the anti-glare layer coating liquid is applied to a transparent substrate, the presence ratio of insoluble components such as particles contained in the anti-glare layer coating liquid is not fixed depending on the in-plane position of the anti-glare film. That is, when the coating liquid for the anti-glare layer is applied and dried on the transparent substrate, the composition in the coating film is subtly different depending on the in-plane position. Furthermore, it is impossible for the drying air to have a completely laminar flow, so the drying conditions will vary depending on the position in the plane. Also, the drying rate of the coating film varies nonlinearly due to these factors, not linearly. For this reason, it is considered that the haze or the measured value of the surface shape of the anti-glare film may not be in the normal distribution.

The surface haze of the anti-glare film of the present invention must be 20.0% or less. If the surface haze of the anti-glare film exceeds 20.0%, the contrast, especially the contrast in a bright room environment, cannot be made good. Furthermore, by setting the surface haze to be 20.0% or less, the reduction in the resolution of the display element can be suppressed, which is also preferable in this respect.

Moreover, if the anti-glare film has a surface haze more than a certain level, the anti-glare property can be easily made good. Therefore, the lower limit of the surface haze is preferably 5.0%, more preferably 10.0%, still more preferably 12.0%, and the upper limit is preferably 18.0%, more preferably 16.0%. The values of these lower and upper limits may be appropriately combined.

In this specification, a surface haze means the average value of the measurement value of 16 places, and can be calculated|required by the method described in an Example, for example. Furthermore, the standard deviation of the surface haze at 16 locations is preferably 10% or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of the surface haze at 16 places is 2.0 or less.

Furthermore, in the anti-glare film of the present invention, from the viewpoint of the balance between the effects of the above-mentioned surface haze and internal haze, the ratio of the surface haze to the internal haze (surface haze/internal haze) is preferably 0.6 ~1.4, more preferably 0.7~1.3. In this specification, the surface haze/internal haze means the average value of the measured values at 16 places, and can be obtained, for example, by the method described in the examples. Furthermore, the standard deviation of the surface haze/internal haze at 16 locations is preferably 0.4 or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of the surface haze/internal haze at 16 places is 2.0 or less.

The anti-glare film of the present invention must satisfy the following formula (1). 0.080 μm≦Sa _2.5-250 (1)

When Sa _{2.5-250 is} less than 0.080 μm, the anti-glare property cannot be made good. Sa _2.5-250 is preferably 0.090 μm or more, more preferably 0.100 μm or more, and still more preferably 0.110 μm or more.

Furthermore, if Sa _2.5-250 is too large, the contrast ratio or the resolution of a display element may fall. Therefore, Sa _2.5-250 is preferably 0.200 μm or less, more preferably 0.180 μm or less, still more preferably 0.160 μm or less, and still more preferably 0.140 μm or less.

In this specification, Sa _2.5-250 means the average value of the measurement value of 16 places, and can be calculated|required by the method described in an Example, for example. Furthermore, the standard deviation of Sa _2.5-250 at 16 locations is preferably 0.060 μm or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of Sa _2.5-250 in 16 places is 2.0 or less.

The antiglare film of the present invention must satisfy the following formula (2). Sa _2.5-250 －Sa _2.5-70 ≦0.030 μm (2)

Condition (2) is the difference between the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _2.5-250 with λc of 250 μm and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _2.5-70 with λc of 70 μm. λc is an index indicating the degree of removing the concavity and convexity with a long period from the profile curve (using a λs filter to remove short wavelength components such as noise from the measurement profile curve), the smaller the λc, the greater the degree of removing the concavity and convexity with a long period. That is, it can be said that Sa _2.5-70 is the arithmetic mean roughness for removing irregularities with a long period, whereas Sa _2.5-250 is the arithmetic mean roughness including irregularities with a long period. In addition, it can be said that the difference between Sa _2.5-250 and Sa _2.5-70 "Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-70 " represents the arithmetic mean roughness based on the unevenness with a long period. Furthermore, if the difference between Sa _2.5-250 and Sa _2.5-70 is regarded as representing the arithmetic mean roughness of irregularities based on a period of 70 to 250 μm, it is easy to understand the meaning of condition (2), but the expression is not necessarily accurate. . In addition, the size of one pixel of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi is about 85 μm. Therefore, the above formula (2) means that the arithmetic mean roughness of irregularities with a long period based on the size of one pixel of a display element exceeding the pixel density of 300 ppi is small. Furthermore, the pixel density of a display element with a pixel size of 70 μm is about 360 ppi. Therefore, in the formulas (2) and (3), the present invention using the data of λc70 μm can suppress the glare in 300 to 500 ppi of about 360 ppi as shown in the examples.

When Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _2.5-70 exceeds 0.030 μm, the arithmetic mean roughness of irregularities with a long period based on the size of one pixel of a display element exceeding a pixel density of 300 ppi becomes large, and glare cannot be suppressed. Furthermore, by setting Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-70 to be 0.030 μm or less, the reduction in resolution can also be suppressed. Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-70 is preferably 0.025 μm or less, more preferably 0.020 μm or less, and still more preferably 0.015 μm or less.

In this specification, Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-70 means the average value of the measurement value of 16 places, and can be calculated|required by the method described in an Example, for example. Furthermore, it is preferable that the standard deviation of Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _2.5-70 in 16 places is 0.015 micrometer or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _2.5-70 in 16 places is 2.0 or less.

The antiglare film of the present invention must satisfy the following formula (3). 0.83≦Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 (3)

As described above, Sa _2.5-70 is the arithmetic mean roughness for removing irregularities with a long period. In other words, Sa _2.5-70 is based on the arithmetic mean roughness of concavities and convexities with a short period (concavities and convexities with a period of 70 μm or less). In addition, as described above, Sa _2.5-250 can be said to be the arithmetic mean roughness including unevenness with a long period. Therefore, Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 represents the ratio of concavo-convex with a short period less than the size of one pixel of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi that is less likely to deteriorate glare. In addition, even if the anti-glare film of the present invention has a small amount of concavities and convexities with a long period that are factors of glare, since the concavities and convexities with a short period overlap with the concavities and convexities with a long period, the diffusion based on the concavities and convexities with a long period is shortened by a short period. The unevenness is alleviated, so that glare can be suppressed. If the relaxation of the irregularities with a short period is supplemented, the image light that should have been strongly diffused in a specific direction based on the irregularities with a long period is diffused by the irregularities with a short period, and diffused strongly in a specific direction. By disappearing and making the diffusion uniform, glare can be suppressed. Moreover, even if the anti-glare film of the present invention does not increase the internal haze extremely, since the ratio of irregularities with a short period is large, glare can be suppressed. On the other hand, when Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _{2.5-250 is} less than 0.83, since the diffusion by the unevenness with a long period is not sufficiently relieved by the unevenness with a short period, glare cannot be suppressed.

Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 is preferably 0.84 or more, more preferably 0.86 or more. The upper limit of Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 is about 0.90.

In this specification, Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 means the average value of the measured values at 16 places, and can be obtained, for example, by the method described in the Examples. Furthermore, the standard deviation of Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 in 16 places is preferably 0.40 or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 in 16 places is 2.0 or less.

According to the above equations (2) and (3), the surface shape of the anti-glare layer of the present invention can be said to be as follows: the roughness due to the longer period of the unevenness is smaller, while the ratio of the shorter period of the unevenness is larger. Fig. 3 shows the concavo-convex shapes of short wavelengths of 70 μm or less that were not cut off when the concavo-convex shape of the antiglare film of Example 1 was measured using a white interference microscope ( FIG. 3( a )), and the cut-off 70 μm The following is a perspective view of the concavo-convex shape of the short-wavelength concavity and convexity (Fig. 3(b)). On the other hand, Fig. 4 shows the concavo-convex shape without cutting off the concavities and convexities of the short wavelength of 70 μm or less when the concavo-convex shape of the anti-glare film of Comparative Example 1 was measured using a white interference microscope ( FIG. 4( c )), and A perspective view of the concavo-convex shape (Fig. 4(d)) that has been truncated for short-wavelength concavities and convexities of 70 μm or less. From the comparison of FIG. 3( b ) and FIG. 4( d ), it can be confirmed that the surface shape of the anti-glare layer of the anti-glare film of Example 1 has a small roughness based on unevenness with a long period. Furthermore, when FIG.3(a) is compared with FIG.4(c), it can be confirmed that the surface shape of the antiglare layer of the antiglare film of Example 1 has many irregularities with short periods. In this way, the surface shape of the anti-glare layer of the present invention has a small roughness based on the unevenness with a long period, and on the other hand, has a large proportion of the unevenness with a short period.

The anti-glare film of the present invention is preferably the above-mentioned Sa _2.5-250 and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _25-250 of the surface of the anti-glare layer when λs is set to 25 μm and λc is set to 250 μm, and λs is set to 250 μm. The three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _70-250 of the surface of the antiglare layer when λc is 70 μm and 250 μm satisfies the following formula (4). 0.7≦(Sa _25-250 -Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _25-250 )≦1.3 (4)

The above formula (4) represents the relationship of the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness with different λs. The purpose of λc is to remove the “fluctuation component” with a long period from the profile curve, whereas the purpose of λs is to remove short-wavelength components such as noise. In addition, in JIS B0601:2001, λs is fixed under the same measurement conditions as a standard. That is, the above-mentioned formula (4) focuses on the short-wavelength component that is not usually noticed, and is a parameter obtained by changing λs, which usually does not change. In addition, it can be said that in the above formula (4), Sa _25-250 -Sa _70-250 is an index based on the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness of irregularities with a period of 25 to 70 μm, and Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _25-250 is an index An index based on the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness of irregularities with a period of 2.5 to 25 μm. Therefore, it can be said that "(Sa _25-250 - Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _25-250 )" in the above formula (4) represents the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness based on the irregularities with a period of 25 to 70 μm Ratio of roughness to three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness based on irregularities with a period of 2.5 to 25 μm. In addition, "(Sa _25-250 - Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _25-250 )" close to 1.0 means that the irregularities with a period of 25-70 μm are similar to those with a period of 2.5-25 μm. Equivalent. In other words, "(Sa _25-250 - Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _25-250 )" close to 1.0 means that the distribution of irregularities with a period of 70 μm or less is not biased towards a specific period.

As explained in the formula (3), even if the anti-glare film of the present invention has a small amount of irregularities with a long period that cause glare, since the irregularities with a short period overlap with the irregularities with a long period, the anti-glare film of the present invention is based on a longer period. The diffusion of the unevenness is moderated by the unevenness with a short period, so that glare can be suppressed. In the case where the irregularities with a short period have various periods, the effect of diffusing light in various directions is enhanced, so it is considered that the effect based on the formula (3) becomes more excellent. Therefore, by satisfying the above-mentioned formula (4), glare can be further suppressed. In formula (4), "(Sa _25-250 -Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _25-250 )" is more preferably 0.80 or more and 1.20 or less, more preferably 0.85 or more and 1.15 or less.

In this specification, "(Sa _25-250 - Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _25-250 )" means the average value of the measured values at 16 places, for example, the method described in the examples can be used ask for. Furthermore, the standard deviation of "(Sa _25-250 - Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _25-250 )" in the 16 places is preferably 0.30 or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of "(Sa _25-250 - Sa _70-250 )/(Sa _2.5-250 - Sa _25-250 )" at 16 places is 2.0 or less.

The anti-glare film of the present invention preferably has the above-mentioned Sa _2.5-250 and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _2.5-50 of the surface of the anti-glare layer when λs is 2.5 μm and λc is 50 μm, which satisfies the following formula ( 6). Sa _{2.5-250 －Sa 2.5-50} ≦0.050 μm (6)

The size of one pixel of a display element with a pixel density of 500 ppi is about 50 μm. Therefore, the above formula (2) means that the arithmetic mean roughness of irregularities with a long period based on the size of one pixel of a display element exceeding the pixel density of 500 ppi is small. Therefore, by setting Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-50 to be 0.050 μm or less, the glare of the ultra-high-definition display element with a pixel density of 500 ppi can be further suppressed. Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-50 is more preferably 0.040 μm or less, and still more preferably 0.030 μm or less.

In this specification, Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-50 means the average value of the measurement value of 16 places, and can be calculated|required by the method described in an Example, for example. Furthermore, it is preferable _that the standard deviation of Sa _2.5-250 - Sa 2.5-50 of 16 places is 0.025 micrometer or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of Sa _{2.5-250 -} Sa 2.5-50 in 16 places is 2.0 or less.

In the antiglare film of the present invention, it is preferable that the above-mentioned Sa _2.5-250 and the above-mentioned Sa _2.5-50 satisfy the following formula (7). 0.70≦Sa _2.5-50 /Sa _2.5-250 (7)

By setting the Sa _2.5-50 /Sa _2.5-250 to 0.70 or more, the diffusion based on the concavities and convexities with a long period can be alleviated by the concavo-convex with a short period, and the ultra-high-definition display with a pixel density of 500 ppi can be further suppressed. Component glare.

Sa _2.5-50 /Sa _2.5-250 is preferably 0.73 or more, more preferably 0.75 or more. The upper limit of Sa _{2.5-50 /Sa 2.5-250 is} about 0.82.

In this specification, Sa _2.5-50 /Sa _2.5-250 means the average value of the measured values at 16 places, and can be obtained, for example, by the method described in the examples. Furthermore, the standard deviation of Sa _{2.5-50 /Sa 2.5-250 at} 16 locations is preferably 0.35 or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the absolute value of the skewness of Sa _{2.5-50 /Sa 2.5-250 in} 16 places is 2.0 or less.

In this specification, the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa is a three-dimensional expansion of the two-dimensional roughness parameter, that is, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra described in JIS B0601:2001. In addition, λs and λc in this specification correspond to λs and λc of JIS B0601:2001. In addition, in this specification, the measurement area|region of Sa is 750 micrometers x 750 micrometers. Sa can also be measured with a contact-type surface shape measuring device, but the contact-type surface shape measuring device has a limit to the measurement of fine shapes due to the influence of the shape of the tip of the stylus. Therefore, Sa is preferably measured by a surface profiler using a white interference microscope.

式（i）中，「A＝Lx×Ly」。Regarding Sa, if the orthogonal coordinate axes X and Y are set on the reference plane, the roughness surface is Z(x, y), and the size of the reference plane is Lx, Ly, the following formula (i) can be used Calculate.

In the formula (i), "A=Lx×Ly".

式（ii）中，N表示總點數。In addition, the data of the three-dimensional roughness surface is represented by points arranged in a grid shape at intervals d on the reference plane (the horizontal direction is the x-axis, and the vertical direction is the y-axis) and the height of the position of the point. If the height of the position of the i-th point in the x-axis direction and the j-th point in the y-axis direction is Z _i,j , Sa can be calculated by the following formula (ii).

In formula (ii), N represents the total number of points.

The three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa can be calculated by the measurement and analysis application software "MetroPro" attached to the interference microscope "New View" system. For λs and λc in this manual, you can set the "Filer" in the "Analyze Controls" window to "Band Pass" in the "Microscope Application" of the above application software ”, set “Filter Type” to “Gauss Spline”, then use “Filter High Wavelen” and “Filter Low Wavelen” to perform Adjustment.

In the anti-glare film of the present invention, the anti-glare layer preferably contains particles with an average particle diameter of 2.0 to 5.0 μm and a binder resin, and the anti-glare layer is divided into 35 μm × 35 μm in an area of 140 μm×140 μm When there are 16 areas in a grid shape, and the average of the number of the above-mentioned particles in the 16 areas is set as N _AVE , and the standard deviation of the number of the above-mentioned particles in the 16 areas is set as N _SD , N _SD and N _AVE satisfies the following formula (5). N _SD /N _AVE <0.15 (5)

N _SD /N _AVE in the above formula (5) is an index for evaluating the variation in the number of particles with respect to the average value, and is referred to as a so-called "variation coefficient". Glare can be further suppressed by setting N _SD /N _AVE to be 0.150 or less.

More preferably, N _SD /N _AVE is 0.140 or less. In addition, the number of objects of particle|grains can be measured as follows. The anti-glare film was observed through penetration using an optical microscope. The magnification is not particularly limited as long as each particle can be recognized, but it is preferably 500 to 2000 times. The area of 140 μm×140 μm in the observation image was divided into 16 grid-shaped areas of 35 μm×35 μm, and the number of particles in each area was calculated. When a particle exists across a plurality of blocks, the center of the particle is calculated as the location where the particle exists. The average value of the number of 16 regions was set as N _AVE , and the standard deviation was set as N _SD . In this specification, N _SD /N _AVE means the average value of the measured values at 16 places (16 places in the area of 140 μm×140 μm), and can be obtained, for example, by the method described in the Examples. Furthermore, the standard deviation of N _SD /N _AVE at 16 locations is preferably 0.07 or less. Further, the absolute value of the skewness of N _SD /N _AVE at 16 locations is preferably 2.0 or less.

The anti-glare film preferably has a total light transmittance of JIS K7361-1:1997 of 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more.

Regarding the anti-glare film, from the viewpoint of resolution, it is preferable to use the image sharpness measuring device specified in JIS K7374:2007, and the image sharpness through the optical frequency comb having a width of 0.125 mm is preferably 50.0 % or more, more preferably 52.5% or more, still more preferably 55.0% or more. Moreover, from the viewpoint of the anti-glare property, it is preferably 80% or less, more preferably 75% or less, and still more preferably 80% or less.

The anti-glare film may be a single layer of the anti-glare layer, or may be a multi-layer with the anti-glare layer on the transparent substrate. In terms of workability and ease of manufacture, it is preferable to have an anti-glare layer on the transparent substrate. In addition, the antiglare film may have functional layers such as an antireflection layer, an antifouling layer, and an antistatic layer.

The anti-glare film preferably has a substantially smooth surface on the side opposite to the side satisfying the above-mentioned formulas (1) to (3). For example, when the anti-glare film is a single layer of the anti-glare layer, the surface on the opposite side to the uneven surface is preferably substantially smooth. Moreover, when an anti-glare film is a structure which has an anti-glare layer on a transparent base material, it is preferable that the surface on the opposite side to the surface which has an anti-glare layer of a transparent base material is substantially smooth. Moreover, when the antiglare film has a functional layer on the outermost surface of the surface on the opposite side to the surface having the concavo-convex shape, the surface of the functional layer is preferably substantially smooth. Here, "substantially smooth" means that the above-mentioned Sa _2.5-250 is 0.02 μm or less.

＜Anti-glare layer＞ The concavo-convex shape on the surface of the anti-glare layer can be formed, for example, by (A) a method using an embossing roll, (B) etching treatment, (C) molding by a mold, (D) coating film formation by coating, and the like. Among these methods, from the viewpoint of the reproducibility of the concavo-convex shape, (C) molding by a mold is preferable, and from the viewpoint of productivity and multi-variety response, (D) by A coating film is formed by coating.

Molding by a mold can be produced by the following method: making a mold composed of a shape complementary to the concave-convex shape on the surface of the anti-glare layer, pouring a polymer resin or glass into the mold and hardening the material constituting the anti-glare layer, After that, it was taken out from the mold. In the case of using a transparent substrate, it can be produced by pouring a polymer resin or the like into a mold, stacking the transparent substrate thereon, and then curing the polymer resin or the like, and then, together with the transparent substrate, it is self-sufficient. The mold is removed. Furthermore, when the antiglare layer contains particles or additives, the particles, additives, and the like may be further poured into the mold when the polymer resin or the like is poured into the mold.

The coating film can be formed by coating by applying the anti-glare layer-forming coating solution containing a binder resin component and particles by a known coating method such as gravure coating and bar coating. On the transparent substrate, dry and harden as necessary. The particles preferably contain particles having an average particle diameter of 2.0 to 5.0 μm. Moreover, it is preferable to contain inorganic particles with an average primary particle size of 1 to 50 nm in addition to particles with an average particle size of 2.0 to 5.0 μm. Hereinafter, particles having an average particle diameter of 2.0 to 5.0 μm may be referred to as “macro particles”, and inorganic particles having an average primary particle diameter of 1 to 50 nm may be referred to as “inorganic fine particles”.

＜＜Large particles＞＞ As for particles (large particles) having an average particle diameter of 2.0 to 5.0 μm, either organic particles or inorganic particles can be used. By setting the average particle diameter of the large particles to be 2.0 μm or more, the formula (1) and the surface haze can be easily set to the above ranges. In addition, by setting the average particle diameter of the large particles to be 5.0 μm or less, the size of the protrusions obtained from the particles can be reduced and the number of protrusions can be increased, so that irregularities with a short period can be formed, and the formula can be easily converted into (2) to (4) and (6) to (7) are in the above ranges. The average particle size of the large particles is preferably 2.5 to 4.5 μm, more preferably 3.0 to 4.0 μm. In addition, as for the large particles, two or more types of those having an average particle diameter may be mixed, and from the viewpoint of easily satisfying the formula (5), it is preferable to use one type of one having an average particle diameter.

In addition, regarding the unevenness of the average particle diameter of the large particles, it is preferable that 90% or more of the particles of one average particle diameter are within the average particle diameter ±0.5 μm, more preferably the average particle diameter ±0.4 μm within, more preferably within ±0.3 μm of the average particle size. By setting the unevenness of the average particle diameter to the above range, the probability of existence of particles with extremely large particle diameters is reduced, and the ratio of unevenness with a long period is reduced. Therefore, the equations (2) to (4), (6) to (7) are set to the above range.

The average particle diameter of large particles can be calculated by the following operations (i) to (iii). (i) Take through observation images of the anti-glare film with an optical microscope. The magnification is preferably 500 to 2000 times. (ii) Select any 10 large particles from the observed image, and calculate the particle size of the large particles. The particle diameter is measured as the distance between the straight lines of the combination of the two straight lines whose distance between the two straight lines becomes the largest when the cross section of the large particle is sandwiched by two arbitrary parallel straight lines. (iii) The same operation was performed 5 times on the observation image of another screen of the same sample, and the value obtained by the number average of the particle diameters of a total of 50 pieces was taken as the average particle diameter of the large particles.

The large particles include shapes such as spherical shape, disk shape, rugby ball shape, and indeterminate shape, and hollow particles, porous particles, solid particles, and the like of these shapes are also mentioned. Among them, spherical solid particles are preferred from the viewpoint of suppressing glare.

The organic particles include polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, benzoguanamine-melamine-formaldehyde condensate , Particles composed of polysiloxane, fluorine-based resin and polyester-based resin. The inorganic particles include particles composed of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, and the like. Among the above-mentioned large particles, organic particles are preferred from the viewpoint of ease of dispersion control. In addition, since the organic particles have a relatively light specific gravity, by using them together with the inorganic fine particles, the organic particles can easily float to the vicinity of the surface of the anti-glare layer, which can increase the number of protrusions on the surface of the anti-glare layer and reduce the ratio of irregularities with a long period. , so the formulas (2) to (4) and (6) to (7) can be easily set to the above ranges.

Among the organic particles, polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer particles are preferred. Since the polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer particle is easy to control the refractive index and the degree of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, it is favorable in that the control of internal haze and dispersion is easy. By making the dispersibility of the large particles good, it is possible to reduce unevenness with a long period, so that the expressions (2), (3), (6) and (7) can be easily satisfied. In addition, by making the dispersibility of the large particles good, the formula (5) can be easily satisfied. In the case of using polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer particles as large particles, from the viewpoint of dispersibility, it is preferable to increase the ratio of styrene to increase the hydrophobicity of the particles. The ratio of acrylic acid to styrene constituting the polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer particles can be judged based on the refractive index of the particles. Specifically, since the refractive index of styrene is higher than that of acrylic, there is a tendency that the higher the refractive index of the polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer particles, the higher the ratio of styrene and the higher the hydrophobicity. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of setting the internal haze to the above-mentioned range, it is preferable to set the difference in refractive index between the large particles and the binder resin to 0.01 to 0.10.

Regarding the content of the large particles, it is preferable to form an anti-glare layer from the viewpoint of easily setting the formulae (1) to (4), (6) to (7), and the surface haze and internal haze in the above-mentioned ranges. The total solid content is 2 to 25 mass %, more preferably 5 to 20 mass %.

＜＜Inorganic fine particles＞＞ Examples of inorganic particles (inorganic fine particles) having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 nm include fine particles composed of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, and the like. Among these, silicon dioxide, which easily suppresses the generation of internal haze, is preferred. Since the coating liquid for forming the anti-glare layer contains inorganic fine particles, the large particles are easily dispersed in the coating liquid, and the large particles with relatively light specific gravity (among them, when the large particles are organic particles) are easy to float in the coating liquid. In the vicinity of the surface of the anti-glare layer, irregularities having a long period are reduced, so that the formulas (2) to (7) can be easily set to the above range. In addition, since the anti-glare layer forming coating liquid contains inorganic fine particles, the curing shrinkage of the anti-glare layer can be suppressed, and the formula (1) and the surface haze can be easily set to the above ranges. The average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 2 to 45 nm, more preferably 5 to 40 nm.

The average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles can be calculated by the following operations (i) to (iii). (i) Using TEM or STEM to photograph the cross-section of the anti-glare film. Preferably, the acceleration voltage of the TEM or STEM is set to 10 kV to 30 kV, and the magnification is set to 50,000 to 300,000 times. For example, the product name "S-4800 (TYPE2)" manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies can be used, and it can be observed by the STEM observation mode. The sample was cut into a size to be placed on the sample stage, and thereafter, was attached with silver paste or carbon paste, and Pt-Pd was sputtered for about 20 seconds to ensure good conduction. Using the above accelerating voltage, emission current 10 μA, detector: TE, adjust the focal length, observe whether the outline of each particle can be identified, and adjust the contrast and brightness appropriately at 50,000 to 300,000 times. When taking a picture, the aperture (aperture) can be further set to the beam monitor diaphragm 3, the objective lens diaphragm can be set to 3, and the W.D. can be set to 8 mm. When it is difficult to observe the particle outline due to insufficient contrast, dyeing treatment such as osmium tetroxide, ruthenium tetroxide, phosphotungstic acid, etc. can be performed as pretreatment. (ii) 10 arbitrary inorganic fine particles are extracted from the observed image, and the particle diameter of each inorganic fine particle is calculated. The particle diameter is measured as the distance between the straight lines of the combination of the two straight lines whose distance between the two straight lines becomes the largest when the cross section of the inorganic fine particles is sandwiched by two arbitrary parallel straight lines. (iii) The same operation was performed 5 times on the observation image of the other screen of the same sample, and the value obtained by the numerical average of the particle diameters of a total of 50 pieces was taken as the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles.

The inorganic fine particles are preferably reactive inorganic fine particles into which reactive groups are introduced by surface treatment. By introducing the reactive group, a large amount of inorganic fine particles can be contained in the anti-glare layer, and the large particles can be easily dispersed, so that the formulae (2) to (7) can be easily satisfied.

As the reactive group, a polymerizable unsaturated group can be favorably used, a photocurable unsaturated group is preferable, and a free radiation curable unsaturated group is particularly preferable. Specific examples thereof include (meth)acryloyl groups, (meth)acryloyloxy groups, ethylenically unsaturated bonds such as vinyl groups and allyl groups, and epoxy groups. Examples of such reactive inorganic fine particles include inorganic fine particles surface-treated with a silane coupling agent. When the surface of the inorganic fine particles is treated with a silane coupling agent, a dry method of spraying a silane coupling agent on the inorganic fine particles, a wet method of dispersing the inorganic fine particles in a solvent and then adding a silane coupling agent to make it react, etc.

The content of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 20 to 70% by mass, and still more preferably 35 to 50% by mass of the total solid content of the antiglare layer. By setting it as this range, the dispersibility of a large particle becomes favorable, and the polymerization shrinkage of an anti-glare layer can be suppressed, and Formula (1) and a surface haze can be easily made into the said range. Also, from the viewpoint of making it easy to set the formulae (1) to (7) and the surface haze in the above-mentioned ranges, the ratio of the content of the large particles and the inorganic fine particles in the anti-glare layer (content of light-transmitting particles/inorganic fine particles) The content of fine particles) is preferably 0.1 to 0.4, more preferably 0.2 to 0.3.

The binder resin of the anti-glare layer preferably contains a cured product of a thermosetting resin composition or a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition, and from the viewpoint of improving mechanical strength, an ionizing radiation curable resin composition The hardened material is better. In addition, since the viscosity of the anti-glare layer coating liquid is increased and the aggregation of large particles is suppressed, it is preferable to contain a thermoplastic resin from the viewpoint that formulas (2) to (7) are easily set to the above-mentioned range.

The thermosetting resin composition is a composition containing at least a thermosetting resin, and is a resin composition hardened by heating. As thermosetting resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, phenol resin, urea melamine resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polysiloxane resin, etc. are mentioned. In the thermosetting resin composition, a curing agent may be added to these curable resins as needed.

The ionizing radiation curable resin composition is a composition containing a compound having a ionizing radiation curable functional group (hereinafter, also referred to as "ion radiation curable compound"). Examples of free radiation curable functional groups include ethylenically unsaturated bond groups such as (meth)acryloyl groups, vinyl groups, and allyl groups, epoxy groups, oxetanyl groups, and the like. The ionized radiation curable compound is preferably a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group, more preferably a compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups, and still more preferably a compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups A polyfunctional (meth)acrylate-based compound of a bond group. As the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate-based compound, either a monomer or an oligomer can be used. Furthermore, the so-called ionizing radiation refers to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams with energy ions that can polymerize or cross-link molecules, usually ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam (EB), in addition, X-rays, γ-rays can also be used. Electromagnetic waves such as rays, charged particle beams such as alpha rays and ion beams.

Among the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate-based compounds, examples of bifunctional (meth)acrylate-based monomers include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and bisphenol A tetraethoxy diacrylate. , bisphenol A tetrapropoxy diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, etc. Trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, neotaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, neotaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, as trifunctional or higher (meth)acrylate monomer base) acrylate, dipivaloerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, dipivalerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, isocyanuric acid modified tri(meth)acrylate, etc. In addition, the above-mentioned (meth)acrylate-based monomer may be one that partially modified the molecular skeleton, and may also be used which has undergone treatment with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, caprolactone, isocyanuric acid, alkane Modifications of radicals, cyclic alkyls, aromatics, bisphenols, etc.

Moreover, as the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate-based oligomer, urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, polyether (meth)acrylate can be mentioned. ) Acrylate-based polymers such as acrylates, etc. (Meth) urethane acrylate can be obtained, for example, by the reaction of a polyhydric alcohol and an organic diisocyanate and a hydroxy (meth)acrylate. Moreover, preferable epoxy (meth)acrylate is (meth)acrylic acid obtained by reacting trifunctional or higher aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, aliphatic epoxy resins, etc. with (meth)acrylic acid. ) acrylates, (meth)acrylates obtained by reacting a polybasic acid and (meth)acrylic acid with aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, aliphatic epoxy resins, etc. of bifunctional or more, and A (meth)acrylate obtained by reacting a bifunctional or higher aromatic epoxy resin, an alicyclic epoxy resin, an aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with a phenol and a (meth)acrylic acid. The above-mentioned ionized radiation curable compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

When the ionized radiation curable compound is an ultraviolet curable compound, it is preferable that the ionized radiation curable composition contains additives such as a photopolymerization initiator or a photopolymerization accelerator. As the photopolymerization initiator, one selected from the group consisting of acetophenone, benzophenone, α-hydroxyalkylphenone, Michler's ketone, benzoin, benzalkonium dimethyl ketal, and benzylbenzyl can be exemplified. One or more of acid esters, alpha-acyl oxime esters, 9-oxothiophanate, etc. Photopolymerization accelerators are those that can reduce the inhibition of polymerization caused by air during curing and accelerate the curing speed, for example, those selected from isoamyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, ethyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate and the like. 1 or more.

As the thermoplastic resin, acrylic resin, cellulose resin, urethane resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyester resin, polyolefin resin, polycarbonate, nylon, polystyrene, ABS resin, etc. can be used. Among these, acrylic resin is preferable, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is preferable among acrylic resins. In addition, with regard to the thermoplastic resin, it is preferable to use the thermoplastic resin from the viewpoint of suppressing aggregation of large particles by increasing the viscosity of the anti-glare layer coating liquid and making it easy to set the formulae (2) to (7) in the above-mentioned range. The mass average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured by the GPC method is 20,000 or more, more preferably 50,000 or more. The upper limit of the mass average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin is preferably 200,000, more preferably 100,000.

The content ratio of the thermoplastic resin in the total amount of the binder resin of the anti-glare layer is preferably 10 to 30% by mass, more preferably 15 to 25% by mass.

The thickness of the anti-glare layer is preferably 2 to 10 μm, more preferably 4 to 8 μm, from the viewpoint of the balance with warpage suppression, mechanical strength, hardness and toughness. Also, from the viewpoint of easily setting the formulae (1) to (4), (6) to (7), and the surface haze to the above ranges, the ratio of the thickness of the anti-glare layer to the average particle diameter of the large particles ( The average particle size of the large particles/thickness of the anti-glare layer) is preferably 0.50 to 0.85, more preferably 0.55 to 0.80. The thickness variation of the anti-glare layer is preferably within ±15% relative to the average film thickness, more preferably within ±10%, more preferably within ±7%, and still more preferably within 5%. The thickness of the anti-glare layer can be calculated by selecting any 20 points of the cross-sectional photograph of the anti-glare film obtained by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), and based on the average value.

In the anti-glare layer forming coating liquid, a solvent is usually used in order to adjust the viscosity or to dissolve or disperse each component. Since the surface shape of the anti-glare layer after coating and drying varies depending on the type of solvent, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of the saturated vapor pressure of the solvent, the permeability of the solvent to the transparent substrate, and the like. Specifically, examples of the solvent include ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), ethers (diethylane, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons ( Hexane, etc.), alicyclic hydrocarbons (cyclohexane, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene, etc.), halogenated carbons (dichloromethane, dichloroethane, etc.), esters (methyl acetate, etc.) , ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.), alcohols (butanol, cyclohexanol, etc.), cellulose (methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, etc.), cellulose acetate, selenium (dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), amides (dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.), etc., can also be a mixture of these.

In general coating liquids, in order to prevent particle agglomeration, a solvent with a faster drying speed can be selected. However, for the following reasons, when inorganic fine particles and/or thermoplastic resin are contained in the anti-glare layer coating solution, it is preferable to include a solvent with a slow drying speed as the solvent of the anti-glare layer coating solution. First, when inorganic fine particles and/or thermoplastic resin are contained in the anti-glare layer coating liquid, aggregation of large particles can be suppressed. That is, when the anti-glare layer coating liquid contains inorganic fine particles and/or thermoplastic resin, even if the anti-glare layer coating liquid contains a solvent with a slow drying speed, aggregation of large particles can be suppressed. In addition, if inorganic fine particles are included in the anti-glare layer coating solution, the organic particles with a relatively light specific gravity will easily float to the vicinity of the surface of the anti-glare layer, and the number of protrusions on the surface of the anti-glare layer can be increased, thereby reducing the cycle time is longer. The ratio of concave and convex. Here, it takes a certain amount of time to float the organic particles to the vicinity of the surface of the anti-glare layer. That is, if the anti-glare layer coating liquid contains a solvent with a relatively slow drying rate, the organic particles are likely to be easily floated to the vicinity of the surface of the anti-glare layer. In view of the above, when inorganic fine particles and/or thermoplastic resin are contained in the anti-glare layer coating solution, it is preferable to include a solvent with a relatively slow drying speed as the solvent of the anti-glare layer coating solution. Specifically, as the solvent of the anti-glare layer coating liquid, the relative evaporation rate (the relative evaporation rate when the evaporation rate of n-butyl acetate is set to 100) in the total solvent is preferably 5 to 30% by mass. It is more preferable to contain 10-20 mass % of the solvent less than 100. The relative evaporation rate of the solvent with a slower drying rate is preferably 30 to 90, more preferably 30 to 50. As an example of relative evaporation rates, toluene is 195, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is 465, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) is 118, propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) is 68, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether Acetate is 34.

Moreover, in order to accelerate drying of the coating liquid for forming an anti-glare layer, it is preferable to control the drying conditions when forming the anti-glare layer. Drying conditions can be controlled by drying temperature and air speed in the dryer. The specific drying temperature is preferably set to 30 to 120° C., and the drying wind speed is preferably set to 0.2 to 50 m/s. Moreover, in order to control the surface shape of an antiglare layer by drying, it is preferable to perform irradiation of ionizing radiation after drying.

The anti-glare layer forming coating liquid may contain a leveling agent. As the leveling agent, a polysiloxane-based leveling agent and a fluorine-based leveling agent are exemplified. However, if the surface shape of the anti-glare layer is leveled excessively, there is a possibility that it is difficult to satisfy the expressions (2), (3), (6) and (7). Therefore, the amount of the leveling agent added is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 0.2% by weight, based on the total solid content of the antiglare layer forming coating liquid.

＜Transparent substrate＞ As the transparent substrate of the anti-glare film, one having light transmittance, smoothness, heat resistance and excellent mechanical strength is preferable. Examples of such transparent substrates include polyester, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), cellulose diacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyamide, polyimide, polyether, polyether, polyamide Propylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, polyether ketone, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane and amorphous olefins (Cyclo-Olefin-Polymer) : COP) and other plastic films. The transparent substrate can be made by laminating two or more plastic films. Among the above, from the viewpoint of mechanical strength or dimensional stability, polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc. ). In addition, TAC and acrylic are preferable from the viewpoint of light-transmitting optical isotropy. Moreover, COP and polyester are preferable in that they are excellent in weather resistance. In addition, the plastic film with retardation value of 3000~30000 nm and the plastic film with 1/4 wavelength retardation can suppress the uneven color of the display screen when observing the image of the liquid crystal display through polarized sunglasses. Square is better.

The thickness of the transparent substrate is preferably 5-300 μm, more preferably 30-200 μm. When the anti-glare film is to be thinned, the preferred upper limit of the thickness of the transparent substrate is 60 μm, and the more preferred upper limit is 50 μm. In addition, when the transparent substrate is a substrate with low moisture permeability such as polyester, COP, and acrylic, the preferred upper limit of the thickness of the transparent substrate used for thin film formation is 40 μm, and the more preferred upper limit is 20 μm. Even in the case of a large screen, as long as the upper limit of the thickness of the transparent substrate is within the above-mentioned range, it is possible to make it less likely to cause strain, which is also preferable in this respect. In addition, the thickness of the transparent base material can be measured using a Digimatic standard outside micrometer (manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation, product number "MDC-25SX") or the like. Regarding the thickness of the transparent substrate, the average value obtained by measuring any 10 points can be the above-mentioned value, and the thickness variation is preferably in the range of ±8% of the average value, more preferably in the range of ±4% of the average value, and more preferably It is the range of the average value ± 3% (if the average value of the thickness is 50 μm, preferably each thickness falls within the range of 46-54 μm, preferably each thickness falls within the range of 48-52 μm, and then Preferably, each thickness falls within the range of 48.5 to 51.5 μm). In order to improve the adhesion, in addition to physical treatments such as corona discharge treatment and oxidation treatment, the surface of the transparent substrate can also be pre-coated with a coating called an anchoring agent or a primer.

The anti-glare film may have functional layers such as an anti-reflection layer, an anti-fouling layer, an anti-static layer, and the like.

<Size, shape, etc.> The anti-glare film may be in the form of a single sheet or may be in the form of a roll. In addition, the size of a single piece is not particularly limited, and generally, the size is about 2 to 500 inches in diagonal. The width and length of the roll shape are not particularly limited, but generally, the width is 500 to 3000 mm and the length is about 500 to 5000 m. In addition, the shape of a single piece is not particularly limited, for example, it may be a polygon (triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon, etc.), a circle, or an irregular indeterminate shape.

[display device] The display device of the present invention has a display element and an anti-glare film disposed on the light-emitting surface side of the display element, and the anti-glare film of the present invention is used as the anti-glare film, so as to satisfy the formulas (1) to ( 3) The side surface is arranged so that it faces the side opposite to the above-mentioned display element.

As a display element, a liquid crystal display element, an EL display element (organic EL display element, an inorganic EL display element), a plasma display element, etc. are mentioned, Furthermore, LED display elements, such as a micro LED display element, are mentioned. When these display elements are ultra-high-definition display elements with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more, it is preferable in that the effect of suppressing glare can be remarkably exhibited. In addition, the pixel density of the display element is preferably 300 ppi to 500 ppi.

As a liquid crystal display element, a TN method, an STN method, a TSTN method, an IPS method, a VA method, a multi-domain method, an OCB method, etc. are mentioned. Moreover, the in-cell touch panel liquid crystal element formed by incorporating the touch panel function into any of these methods can also be cited. Among the liquid crystal display elements, the TN mode tends to decrease the contrast ratio in a dark room environment when the internal haze is increased. In this case, the contrast ratio can also be improved.

In addition, the display element of the present invention can be a display device with a touch panel. As the touch panel, methods such as a resistive film type, an electrostatic capacitance type, an electromagnetic induction type, an infrared type, and an ultrasonic type are mentioned.

The anti-glare film can be provided on the front surface of the display element in the following order, for example. (a) Display element/surface protection plate/anti-glare film (b) Display element/anti-glare film (c) Display element/touch panel with anti-glare film on the surface

Next, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples at all. Furthermore, "parts" and "%" are used as quality standards unless otherwise specified.

1. Measurement and evaluation 1-1. Haze and total light transmittance After confirming visually that there is no abnormality such as dust and damage, the antiglare films of Examples and Comparative Examples were cut into sample A of 10 cm×10 cm. The overall haze (JIS K7136:2000) and the total light transmittance (JIS K7361-1:1997) of Sample A were measured using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Institute). The measurement was performed at 16 locations (see FIG. 6 ) for each sample A. Furthermore, by attaching a TAC film (manufactured by Fuji Film, TD80UL) with a thickness of 80 μm to the surface of each sample A on the anti-glare layer side via a transparent adhesive (manufactured by Panac, PD-S1, thickness 25 μm), The concavo-convex shape was flattened and flattened, and the sample B which eliminated the influence of the haze due to the surface shape was produced. The haze of the sample B was measured to obtain the internal haze (Hi). The measurement was performed at 16 locations (see FIG. 6 ) for each sample B. Next, the internal haze was subtracted from the overall haze to obtain the surface haze (Hs). The ambient temperature for the measurement of haze and total light transmittance was set to 23°C ± 5°C, and the humidity was set to 50% ± 10%. In addition, before starting the measurement, each sample was left to stand for 10 minutes or more in an environment of 23°C±5°C and humidity of 50%±10%. The light incident surface was set to the transparent substrate side, and was set so that no fingerprints were left and no wrinkles appeared. The average value of 16 places was used as the surface haze (Hs), internal haze (Hi), and total light transmittance (Tt) of each Example and Comparative Example.

1-2. Three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa of anti-glare film After visually confirming that there is no abnormality such as dust or damage, the anti-glare films of Examples and Comparative Examples were cut into 10 cm×10 cm. Production The surface on the transparent substrate side of the anti-glare film that was cut was attached to a glass plate (thickness 10 cm long x 10 cm wide) through an optically transparent adhesive (25 μm thick, PD-S1 manufactured by Panac). 2.0 mm) of sample C. Using a white interference microscope (New View 7300, manufactured by Zygo Corporation), the surface shape of the anti-glare film was measured and analyzed under the following conditions after setting the sample C so as to be fixed on the measurement stage and in close contact. During the measurement, the Microscope Stitching Application (Microscope Stitching Application) of MetroPro ver9.0.10 was used to automatically stitch multiple images to each other for measurement. During analysis, use the Microscope Application of MetroPro ver8.3.2, and change the Filter High Wavelen (equivalent to λs) and Filter Low Wavelen (equivalent to λc) as appropriate. For the analysis, Sa _2.5-250 , Sa _2.5-70 , Sa _2.5-50 , Sa _25-250 , and Sa _70-250 were calculated by setting the Ra displayed on the screen as each Sa. In addition, based on the values of Sa _2.5-250 , etc., the values of equations (2) to (4) and equations (6) to (7) are calculated. The results are shown in Table 1. The measurement was performed at 16 locations (see FIG. 6 ) for each sample C, and the values of equations (1) to (4) and (6) to (7) of the examples and comparative examples were calculated from the average of the 16 locations. . In addition, the ambient temperature at the time of measurement was set to 23°C±5°C, and the humidity was set to 50%±10%. In addition, each sample C was allowed to stand for 10 minutes or more in an environment of 23°C±5°C and a humidity of 50%±10% before starting the measurement.

<Measurement conditions> Objective lens: 50×Mirau [Measurement Controls] Acquisition Mode: Scan Camera Mode: 496×496 70 Hz Subtract Sys Err: Off AGC: Off (Off) Phase Resolution (Phase Res): High (High) Connection Order: Location Discon Action: Filter Min Mod (%): 7 Min Area Size: 7 Scan Direction: Downward Image Zoom: ×1 Remove Fringes: ON (ON) Number of Averages: 0 FDA Noise Threshold: 10 Scan Length: 10 μm bipolar Extended Scan Length: 1000 μm FDA Resolution (Res): High (High) 2 G Camera resolution (1 point interval): 0.44 μm [Stitch Controls] Type: X & Y size (Size) Size (Size) X: 0.75 mm Size (Size) Y: 0.75 mm Overlap (%): 10 Measurement area: 750 μm×750 μm (Analysis condition) Removed: None Trim: 0 Data Fill: On (On) Data Fill Max: 100 Filter: Band Pass Filter Type: Gauss Spline Filter Trim: Off Remove spikes: on Spike Height (xRMS): 2.5

1-3. Determination of the number of particles in the anti-glare layer Using an optical microscope (VHX-200, manufactured by KEYENCE Corporation), under the conditions of penetration, 1000 times magnification, side illumination, and shooting size-clear The anti-glare film is properly fixed on the observation table in a flat state by using Cellotape (registered trademark) or a heavy object, so that the surface of the anti-glare film is perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope, and the outline of the large particles becomes clear. Take penetration observation images. The 140 μm×140 μm area in the observed image was divided into 16 checkerboard-shaped areas of 35 μm×35 μm square, and the number of large particles in each area was calculated. The average value of the number of 16 regions was set as N _AVE and the standard deviation was set as N _SD , and N _SD /N _AVE was calculated. The measurement was performed at 16 locations (see FIG. 6 ) for each sample A. The average value of N _SD /N _AVE at 16 places is shown in Table 1.

1-4. Glare The anti-glare film on the side of the transparent substrate 1 and the black matrix (glass thickness 0.7 mm, the pixel density of the black matrix is equivalent to 350 ppi) 300 on the side where the matrix is not formed to be as free as possible. A sample for glare evaluation was produced by laminating through the transparent adhesive layer 200 (25 μm thick, PD-S1 manufactured by Panac) in such a way that dirt, dust, and air were mixed in such as wrinkles or fingerprints. In a dark room, the black matrix side of the sample for evaluation was irradiated with a white surface light source 500 (manufactured by HAKUBA, LIGHTBOX, average brightness 1000 cd/m ² ) to simulate glare, and a CCD camera 600 (KP-M1, C mounted Adapter, close-up ring: PK-11A Nikon, camera lens: 50 mm, F1.4 s NIKKOR) shooting from the anti-glare layer 2 side. The distance between the white surface light source 500 and the black matrix 300 is set to 70 mm, the distance between the CCD camera 600 and the anti-glare layer 2 is set to 200 mm, and the focal length of the CCD camera is adjusted in a manner suitable for the anti-glare film. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram when the above-mentioned measurement is performed. Using image processing software (ImagePro Plus ver. Ver. 6.2; manufactured by Media Cybernetics), the images captured by the CCD camera were passed through an image plate (Pro-Series Capture Kit Spectrim Pro For Windows 2000 & XP Pro Version). 5.1) Transfer it to a personal computer to obtain image data composed of the aggregate of the brightness of each pixel. In addition, analysis is performed as follows using this software. Furthermore, when inputting, in the incoming screen data displayed by menu à input à video/digital, set the brightness to 32, the contrast to 40, the hue to 32, and the chroma to 32. 32. Other items follow the default settings. First, an evaluation site of 200 × 160 pixels (10 mm × 8 mm on the sample) was selected from the incoming image data, and the evaluation site was converted to 16-bit grayscale. Then, a low-pass filter is selected from the emphasis tag of the filter command, and filtering is performed under the conditions of "3×3, order 3, intensity 10". Thereby, components from the black matrix pattern are removed. Next, select Flattening, and perform shadow correction under the conditions of "background: dark, object width 10". Then, the contrast enhancement command is set to "Contrast: 96, Brightness: 48" for contrast enhancement. Convert the obtained image data into 8-bit grayscale (256-level grayscale). In other words, the obtained image data is converted into a maximum value of 255 and a minimum value of 0 to 256 levels of brightness (due to the conversion value, there is no unit). For the image data obtained in this way, the standard deviation of the luminance of each pixel is calculated for an area of 150×110 pixels (=16500 pixels), and this value is used as the glare value. Furthermore, the brightness of the light source is adjusted so that the brightness of the area becomes 120-140 on average. A glare value of 18.0 or higher is considered "bad", 16.0 or higher and less than 18.0 is considered "good", and less than 16.0 is considered "excellent".

1-5. Contrast <CR1> In a state where the anti-glare films of Examples and Comparative Examples were arranged on an IPS-type liquid crystal display device (trade name iPad (registered trademark) Air2 manufactured by Apple Inc.), the evaluation was performed under a bright room environment (where the liquid crystal display device was placed on the When the power is turned off (OFF), the illumination on the anti-glare film is set to 800~1200 Lx and the contrast ratio. Those who felt that the contrast was good were rated as 2 points, those who felt no contrast were rated as 1 point, and those who felt that the contrast was insufficient were rated as 0 points, and 20 subjects were evaluated, and the average score was calculated. Those with an average score of 1.5 or more were designated as "A", those with an average score of 1.0 or more and less than 1.5 were designated as "B", and those with an average score of less than 1.0 were designated as "C". <CR2> For the case where the anti-glare films of the examples and the comparative examples are arranged on an IPS-type liquid crystal display device (trade name iPad (registered trademark) Air2 manufactured by Apple), and the case where the anti-glare films are not arranged (in the case of The contrast ratio of the illuminance on the anti-glare film in the state where the power supply of the liquid crystal display device is turned off is set to 5 Lx or less) was evaluated. Those who did not feel the change in contrast due to the presence or absence of the anti-glare film were set as 2 points, those who were not at all were set as 1 point, and compared with the situation where the anti-glare film was not configured, it was felt that the anti-glare film was configured. In this case, the contrast ratio was reduced as 0 points, and 20 subjects were evaluated, and the average score was calculated. Those with an average score of 1.5 or more were designated as "A", those with an average score of 1.0 or more and less than 1.5 were designated as "B", and those with an average score of less than 1.0 were designated as "C". <CR3> In the state where the anti-glare films of Examples and Comparative Examples are arranged on a TN-mode liquid crystal display device (trade name VH168D manufactured by ASUS), under a bright room environment (when the power of the liquid crystal display device is turned off The illuminance on the anti-glare film in the state is set to 800~1200 Lx and the contrast ratio is evaluated. The evaluation criteria were the same as those of CR1. <CR4> For the case where the anti-glare films of Examples and Comparative Examples are arranged on a TN-mode liquid crystal display device (trade name VH168D manufactured by ASUS), and the dark room environment when the anti-glare film is not arranged (when the power supply of the liquid crystal display device is turned on) The contrast ratio of the illuminance on the anti-glare film in the off state was set to 5 Lx or less) was evaluated. The evaluation criteria were the same as those of CR2.

1-6. Anti-glare A black acrylic plate was attached to the transparent substrate side of the anti-glare film via a transparent adhesive so as to prevent as much as possible from dirt, dust, and air mixing such as wrinkles or fingerprints, to prepare a sample for anti-glare evaluation. The sample was visually inspected by 15 subjects in a bright room environment (an environment where the illuminance on the anti-glare film was set to 800-1200 Lx) to see whether the observer and the background of the observer were reflected. The degree of anti-glare property was evaluated according to the following criteria. A: There are 10 or more people who answered good B: There are 5 to 9 people who answered good C: The number of people who answered as good is 4 or less

1-7. Penetrating image clarity Using an image clarity tester (trade name: ICM-1T) manufactured by Suga Test Instruments, Inc., according to JIS K7374:2007, the sample A produced in the above "1-1" was passed through a sample having a width of 0.125 mm. The transmission image clarity of the optical frequency comb was measured. Measurements were made for each sample A at 16 points (16 intersection points when imaginary lines were drawn for sample A at 2 cm intervals). The average value of 16 points was taken as the clarity of the through image of each Example and Comparative Example. The ambient temperature during measurement was set to 23°C±5°C, and the humidity was set to 50%±10%. In addition, before starting the measurement, each sample was left to stand for 10 minutes or more in an environment of 23°C±5°C and humidity of 50%±10%. The light incident surface is set to the anti-glare layer side, and is set so as not to leave fingerprints and to prevent wrinkles.

2. Production of anti-glare film [Example 1] The anti-glare layer coating of the following formula was applied on a transparent substrate (thickness 80 μm triacetyl cellulose resin film (TAC), manufactured by Fuji Film, TD80UL) Liquid 1 was dried for 30 seconds at 70°C and a wind speed of 5 m/s, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays in a nitrogen atmosphere (with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less) so that the cumulative light intensity became 100 mJ/cm ² to form an anti-glare layer. And obtain anti-glare film. The film thickness of the anti-glare layer was 5.0 μm. Furthermore, Sa _2.5-250 of the anti-glare film on the opposite side to the anti-glare layer was 0.012 μm.

<Anti-glare layer coating liquid 1> ・30 parts of neotaerythritol triacrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., KAYARAD-PET-30) ・Isocyanuric acid EO modified triacrylate (Made by Toagosei, M-313) 25 copies ・Acrylic polymer (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., molecular weight 75,000) 12 parts ・Photopolymerization initiator 3 parts (manufactured by BASF, Irgacure184) ・0.12 part of polysiloxane-based leveling agent (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, TSF4460) ・Translucent particles 15 parts (made by SEKISUI PLASTICS, spherical polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer) (average particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.555) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.2 to 3.8 μm is more than 90%) ・115 parts of inorganic fine particle dispersion (Manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd., silicon dioxide with reactive functional groups introduced on the surface, solvent MIBK, solid content 35%) (Average primary particle size 12 nm) ・Solvent 1 (toluene) 110 parts ・Solvent 2 33 parts (Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate)

[Example 2] An anti-glare film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending amount of the translucent particles of Example 1 was changed to 12 parts.

[Example 3] Except having changed the refractive index of the translucent particle of Example 1 to 1.565, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and obtained the anti-glare film.

[Comparative Example 1] The anti-glare layer coating solution 1 of Example 1 was changed to the anti-glare layer coating solution 2 of the following formulation, and the film thickness of the anti-glare layer was set to 6.0 μm, except that the same procedure as in Example 1 was used. way to obtain anti-glare film. <Anti-glare layer coating liquid 2> ・60 parts of neotaerythritol tetraacrylate ・Urethane acrylate (manufactured by DIC Corporation, V-4000BA) 40 copies ・Photopolymerization initiator 5 parts (manufactured by BASF, Irgacure184) ・0.025 part of polysiloxane-based leveling agent (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, TSF4460) ・11 pieces of translucent particles (Spherical polystyrene particles) (average particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.59) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.2 to 3.8 μm is more than 90%) ・7 parts of fumed silica (Octylsilane treatment, average primary particle size 12 nm) (Average primary particle size 12 nm) ・Solvent 1 (toluene) 155 parts ・Solvent 2 25 parts (Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate) ・Solvent 3 (isopropyl alcohol) 60 parts

[Comparative Example 2] The anti-glare layer coating solution 1 of Example 1 was changed to the anti-glare layer coating solution 3 of the following formula, and the film thickness of the anti-glare layer was set to 6.0 μm. way to obtain anti-glare film. <Anti-glare layer coating liquid 3> ・60 parts of neotaerythritol tetraacrylate ・Urethane acrylate (manufactured by DIC Corporation, V-4000BA) 40 copies ・Photopolymerization initiator 5 parts (manufactured by BASF, Irgacure184) ・0.025 part of polysiloxane-based leveling agent (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, TSF4460) ・13 parts of translucent particles (Spherical polystyrene particles) (average particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.59) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.2 to 3.8 μm is more than 90%) ・27 parts of translucent particles (Spherical acrylic-styrene copolymer particles) (average particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.57) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.2 to 3.8 μm is more than 90%) ・7 parts of smoked silica (octylsilane treatment; average primary particle size 12 nm) (Average primary particle size 12 nm) ・Solvent 1 (toluene) 155 parts ・Solvent 2 25 parts (Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate) ・Solvent 3 (isopropyl alcohol) 60 parts

[Comparative Example 3] The anti-glare layer coating solution 1 of Example 1 was changed to the anti-glare layer coating solution 4 of the following formula, and the film thickness of the anti-glare layer was set to 4.5 μm, except that the same procedure as in Example 1 was used. way to obtain anti-glare film. <Anti-glare layer coating liquid 4> ・Neotaerythritol triacrylate 100 parts (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., KAYARAD-PET-30) ・Acrylic polymer (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., molecular weight 75,000) 10 parts ・Photopolymerization initiator 5 parts (manufactured by BASF, Irgacure184) ・0.025 part of polysiloxane-based leveling agent (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, TSF4460) ・Translucent particles 14 parts (Spherical polystyrene particles) (average particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.59) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.2 to 3.8 μm is more than 90%) ・Solvent 1 (toluene) 120 parts ・Solvent 4 (cyclohexanone) 30 parts

[Comparative Example 4] The anti-glare layer coating solution 1 of Example 1 was changed to the anti-glare layer coating solution 5 of the following formula, and the film thickness of the anti-glare layer was set to 5.5 μm. way to obtain anti-glare film. <Anti-glare layer coating liquid 5> ・65 parts of neotaerythritol tetraacrylate ・Urethane acrylate (manufactured by DIC Corporation, V-4000BA) 35 copies ・Photopolymerization initiator 5 parts (manufactured by BASF, Irgacure184) ・0.025 part of polysiloxane-based leveling agent (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, TSF4460) ・Translucent particles 13 parts (Spherical acrylic-styrene copolymer particles) (average particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.545) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.2 to 3.8 μm is more than 90%) ・6 parts of smoked silica (Octylsilane treatment, average primary particle size 12 nm) (Average primary particle size 12 nm) ・Solvent 1 (toluene) 145 parts ・Solvent 3 (isopropyl alcohol) 55 parts ・Solvent 4 (cyclohexanone) 20 parts

[Comparative Example 5] The anti-glare layer coating solution 1 of Example 1 was changed to the anti-glare layer coating solution 6 of the following formula, and the film thickness of the anti-glare layer was set to 6.0 μm, except that the same as Example 1. way to obtain anti-glare film. <Anti-glare layer coating solution 6> ・36 parts of neotaerythritol triacrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., KAYARAD-PET-30) ・Isocyanuric acid EO modified triacrylate (manufactured by Toa Gosei, M-313) 22 copies ・Acrylic polymer (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., molecular weight 75,000) 11 parts ・Photopolymerization initiator 6 parts (manufactured by BASF, Irgacure184) ・0.1 part of polysiloxane-based leveling agent (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, TSF4460) ・1 20 parts of translucent particles (Spherical polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer) (average particle size 5.0 μm, refractive index 1.52) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 4.7~5.3 μm is more than 90%) ・Translucent particles 2 3 parts (Spherical polyacrylic acid-styrene copolymer) (average particle size 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.52) (The proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.2 to 3.8 μm is more than 90%) ・85 parts of inorganic fine particle dispersion (made by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd., silicon dioxide with reactive functional groups introduced on the surface, solvent MIBK, solid content 35%) (Average primary particle size 12 nm) ・Solvent 1 (toluene) 45 parts

[Table 1]

From the results in Table 1, it was confirmed that the anti-glare films of Examples can suppress glare and a decrease in contrast, and can provide good anti-glare properties. In addition, it can be confirmed that the anti-glare film of the example has high clarity of the transmitted image and good resolution.

1‧‧‧Transparent substrate 2‧‧‧Anti-glare layer 10‧‧‧Anti-glare film 200‧‧‧Transparent adhesive layer 300‧‧‧Black Matrix 500‧‧‧White surface light source 600‧‧‧CCD camera 700‧‧‧Pillar 800‧‧‧Water Platform

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the antiglare film of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the antiglare film of the present invention. Fig. 3 shows the concavo-convex shape (a) that has not cut off short wavelengths of 70 μm or less, and the concavo-convex shape of the anti-glare film of Example 1 that has been cut off at 70 μm or less when the concavo-convex shape of the anti-glare film of Example 1 is measured using a white interference microscope A perspective view of the concavo-convex shape (b) of the concavo-convex. Fig. 4 shows the concavo-convex shape (c) that has not been cut off short wavelengths of 70 μm or less, and the concavo-convex shape that has been cut off at 70 μm or less when the concavo-convex shape of the anti-glare film of Comparative Example 1 is measured using a white interference microscope A perspective view of the concavo-convex shape (d) of the concavo-convex. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of measuring glare. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a measurement site when a parameter is measured from a sample.

1‧‧‧Transparent substrate

2‧‧‧Anti-glare layer

10‧‧‧Anti-glare film

Claims (5)

An anti-glare film, it has an anti-glare layer, the internal haze of the above-mentioned anti-glare film is 5.0 to 20.0%, the surface haze is less than 20.0%, and the above-mentioned anti-glare film when λs is set to 2.5 μm and λc is set to 250 μm The three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _{2.5-250 of the surface of the glare layer and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa 2.5-70 of} the surface of the anti-glare layer when λs is 2.5 μm and λc is 70 μm satisfy the following formula (1) ~(3): 0.080μm≦Sa _2.5-250 (1) Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _2.5-70 ≦0.030μm (2) 0.83≦Sa _2.5-70 /Sa _2.5-250 (3). The anti-glare film according to claim 1, wherein the surface haze of the anti-glare film is 12.0 to 20.0%. The anti-glare film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Sa _2.5-250 and the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _25-250 of the surface of the anti-glare layer when λs is 25 μm and λc is 250 μm, And the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa _70-250 of the surface of the anti-glare layer when λs is 70 μm and λc is 250 μm satisfies the following formula (4): 0.7≦(Sa _25-250 -Sa _70-250 ) /(Sa _2.5-250 -Sa _25-250 )≦1.3 (4). The anti-glare film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anti-glare layer comprises particles with an average particle diameter of 2.0 to 5.0 μm and a binder resin, and the anti-glare layer is divided into 35 μm in a region of 140 μm×140 μm When there are 16 areas in a grid shape of ×35 μm, and the average of the number of particles in the 16 areas is set as N _AVE , and the standard deviation of the number of particles in the 16 areas is set as N _SD , N _SD and N _AVE satisfies the following formula (5): N _SD /N _AVE <0.15 (5). A display device, it has a display element and an anti-glare film arranged on the light exit surface side of the display element, and the anti-glare film described in claim 1 or 2 is used as the above-mentioned anti-glare film to satisfy the formula (1)-(3) are arrange|positioned so that the surface on the side opposite to the said display element may face.

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