TWI750223B - Blockchain encrypted radio frequency chip storage design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明係關於一種區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的存儲設計方法,包括:第一步,設計區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的資料結構;第二步,設計區塊鏈加密射頻晶片中的資料在用戶記憶體中組織存放形式;第三步,設計區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的加密、解密過程。本發明的一種區塊鏈加密射頻晶片存儲設計方法通過研究了區塊鏈的加密原理,提高了資訊安全度,滿足了一卡多用的原則,加大了資訊保護程度,提高使用的安全性和使用的便捷性。The invention relates to a storage design method for a blockchain encrypted radio frequency chip, including: the first step, designing the data structure of the blockchain encrypted radio frequency chip; the second step, designing the data in the blockchain encrypted radio frequency chip to be stored in the user's memory The third step is to design the encryption and decryption process of the blockchain encrypted RF chip. A block chain encryption radio frequency chip storage design method of the present invention improves the information security by studying the encryption principle of the block chain, satisfies the principle of one card with multiple uses, increases the degree of information protection, and improves the security and safety of use. Ease of use.
Description
本發明係關於網際網路技術領域,以及一種區塊鏈加密射頻晶片存儲設計方法。The invention relates to the technical field of the Internet and a method for designing a block chain encrypted radio frequency chip storage.
隨著區塊鏈技術的迅猛發展,區塊鏈的應用也愈加廣泛。區塊鏈加密射頻晶片作為用戶與區塊鏈網路的連接紐帶,重要性日益凸顯。區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的存儲方式時刻受到駭客和病毒的威脅,近年已經多次發生安全事件。為了讓區塊鏈的使用更加便捷,並提高安全性,必須借助使用便捷、安全性高、擴展性好、應用性強的區塊鏈加密射頻晶片作為工具。而區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的存儲與操作是基礎與核心,不僅要將區塊鏈的技術考慮在內,還要考慮安全性、應用性與擴展性。因此,極需一種解決以上問題的區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的存儲設計方法。With the rapid development of blockchain technology, the application of blockchain has become more and more extensive. As the link between users and the blockchain network, the blockchain encrypted RF chip is becoming increasingly important. The storage method of blockchain encrypted RF chips is constantly threatened by hackers and viruses, and there have been many security incidents in recent years. In order to make the use of the blockchain more convenient and improve the security, it is necessary to use the blockchain encryption RF chip with convenient use, high security, good scalability and strong applicability as a tool. The storage and operation of blockchain encrypted RF chips is the foundation and core, not only the technology of blockchain, but also security, applicability and scalability should be considered. Therefore, there is a great need for a storage design method for blockchain encrypted RF chips that solves the above problems.
有鑑於此,本發明要解決的技術問題是提供一種使用廣泛、安全性高、擴展性好、應用性強的區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的存儲設計方法。In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a storage design method for a blockchain encrypted radio frequency chip that is widely used, has high security, good scalability and strong applicability.
為達到上述技術方案的效果,本發明的技術方案為:一種區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的存儲設計方法,包括以下步驟:In order to achieve the effect of the above technical solution, the technical solution of the present invention is: a storage design method for a blockchain encrypted radio frequency chip, comprising the following steps:
第一步,設計區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的資料結構;The first step is to design the data structure of the blockchain encrypted RF chip;
第二步,設計區塊鏈加密射頻晶片中的資料在用戶記憶體中組織存放形式;The second step is to design the organization and storage of the data in the blockchain encrypted RF chip in the user memory;
第三步,設計區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的加密、解密過程;The third step is to design the encryption and decryption process of the blockchain encrypted RF chip;
區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的資料結構包含用戶資料、認證資料和帳戶資料;The data structure of the blockchain encrypted RF chip includes user data, authentication data and account data;
所述用戶資料包括讀取控制資料A、用戶姓名、用戶電話、用戶ID;The user data includes reading control data A, user name, user phone, and user ID;
其中,讀取控制資料A用於存儲控制用戶資料讀取的資訊,用戶姓名用於存儲用戶的姓名資訊,用戶電話用於存儲用戶的電話資訊,用戶ID存放內部用戶編號;Wherein, the read control data A is used to store the information for controlling the reading of user data, the user name is used to store the user's name information, the user phone is used to store the user's phone information, and the user ID is used to store the internal user number;
認證資料包括:讀取控制資料B、用戶密碼哈希(Hash)值、認證密鑰、帳戶主公鑰;Authentication data includes: read control data B, user password hash (Hash) value, authentication key, account master public key;
其中,讀取控制資料B用於認證資料讀取的資訊,並且將認證資料讀取的資訊提取標記,並加上本地時間戳得到用戶防偽標記,防止篡改,最後把用戶防偽標記的值和用戶密碼的值經過哈希加密演算法變換成實際安全認證所需長度的哈希值,認證資料讀取的資訊提取標記的過程為:Among them, the reading control data B is used for the information read by the authentication data, and the information read by the authentication data is extracted and marked, and a local time stamp is added to obtain the user anti-counterfeiting mark to prevent tampering, and finally the value of the user anti-counterfeiting mark and the user The value of the password is transformed into a hash value of the length required for the actual security authentication through the hash encryption algorithm. The process of extracting the mark from the information read from the authentication data is as follows:
首先將任意長度的所述認證資料讀取的資訊經劃分而生成長度相等為4n位元組的子資訊段,其中n為根據系統提前制定的任意整數值,之後通過哈希函數變換成4n長度的哈希值,通過加上所述本地時間戳得到用戶防偽標記,在區塊鏈加密射頻晶片遺失情況下,有效地避免非法用戶暴力破解用戶密碼,最後認證密鑰用於讀取控制資料B和所述用戶密碼哈希值之間的安全認證,帳戶公鑰解密用於解密用戶防偽標記,以用於查詢上各個帳戶的餘額;First, the information read from the authentication data of any length is divided to generate sub-information segments with a length equal to 4n bytes, where n is an arbitrary integer value formulated in advance by the system, and then converted into a length of 4n through a hash function By adding the local timestamp to obtain the user anti-counterfeiting mark, in the case of the loss of the blockchain encryption RF chip, it can effectively prevent illegal users from brute force cracking the user password, and finally the authentication key is used to read the control data B and the security authentication between the user password hash value, account public key decryption is used to decrypt the user anti-counterfeiting mark, to be used to query the balance of each account;
帳戶資料包括:讀取控制資料C、主密鑰密文、主私鑰密文;Account data include: read control data C, master key ciphertext, master private key ciphertext;
其中,讀取控制資料C用於存儲帳戶資料讀取的資訊,主密鑰密文用於關聯用戶密碼及帳戶私鑰,提升所述帳戶主公鑰的加密參數,提高破解難度,使帳戶更加安全;Among them, the reading control data C is used to store the information of account data reading, the master key ciphertext is used to associate the user password and the account private key, improve the encryption parameters of the account master public key, improve the difficulty of cracking, and make the account more Safety;
區塊鏈加密射頻晶片中的資料在用戶記憶體中組織存放形式為樹型文件結構,具有多層次文件結構的形態,樹型文件結構分成三種層次:第一個層次是總控制文件,是多應用文件結構的根,為樹型文件結構的根目錄,用於存放區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的公共資訊檔,並且為所有的應用程式服務;第二個層次是應用文件,在總控制文件之下,為樹型文件結構的子目錄,根據使用情況分別建立多個應用文件,應用文件用於實現區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的多種應用功能;第三個層次是原子文件,用於存儲實際應用資料和相應的系統管理資訊,區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的資料結構中的資料資訊就存放於原子文件中,當應用文件需要時可調用相應的原子文件;The data in the blockchain encrypted radio frequency chip is organized and stored in the user memory in the form of a tree file structure, which has the form of a multi-level file structure. The tree file structure is divided into three levels: the first level is the general control file, which is a multi-level file structure. The root of the application file structure is the root directory of the tree file structure, which is used to store the public information files of the blockchain encrypted RF chip, and serves all applications; the second level is the application file, which is located in the general control file. Below, it is a subdirectory of the tree file structure, and multiple application files are created according to the usage conditions. The application files are used to realize various application functions of the blockchain encrypted RF chip; the third level is the atomic file, which is used to store practical applications. Data and corresponding system management information, the data information in the data structure of the blockchain encrypted RF chip is stored in the atomic file, and the corresponding atomic file can be called when the application file needs it;
區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的加密、解密過程為:The encryption and decryption process of the blockchain encrypted RF chip is as follows:
(1)加密:系統隨機生成一個32位元組主密鑰,同時讀取用戶使用密碼,並且存儲到陣列矩陣,其中用戶使用密碼作為行向量,主密鑰作為列向量,並用加密演算法加密,得到主密鑰密文;(1) Encryption: The system randomly generates a 32-byte master key, reads the user's password at the same time, and stores it in an array matrix, where the user's password is used as a row vector, the master key is used as a column vector, and encrypted with an encryption algorithm , get the master key ciphertext;
(2)解密:從帳戶資料內讀取主密鑰密文,同時讀取用戶使用密碼,並且存儲到陣列矩陣,其中用戶使用密碼作為行向量,主密鑰密文作為列向量,通過解密演算法將作主密鑰密文還原成主密鑰,然後從區塊鏈加密射頻晶片中讀取主私鑰密文,通過所述用戶防偽標記的驗證,結合主密鑰將主密鑰密文還原成主私鑰。(2) Decryption: Read the master key ciphertext from the account data, and read the user's password, and store it in an array matrix, where the user's password is used as a row vector, and the master key ciphertext is used as a column vector, through the decryption algorithm The method restores the master key ciphertext to the master key, and then reads the master private key ciphertext from the blockchain encryption RF chip, passes the verification of the user anti-counterfeiting mark, and combines the master key ciphertext with the master key. Restore to the master private key.
本發明的一種區塊鏈加密射頻晶片存儲設計方法研究了區塊鏈的原理,考慮了資訊安全度,設計了區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的資料結構,並考慮了加密、解密的過程,為了滿足一卡多用的原則,設計了多層次文件結構,加大了資訊保護程度,提高使用的安全性和使用的便捷性。A block chain encrypted radio frequency chip storage design method of the present invention studies the principle of block chain, considers information security, designs the data structure of block chain encrypted radio frequency chip, and considers the process of encryption and decryption. Based on the principle of one card with multiple uses, a multi-level file structure is designed, which increases the degree of information protection, and improves the security and convenience of use.
為了使本發明所要解決的技術問題、技術方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下結合附圖及實施例,對本發明進行詳細的說明。應當說明的是,此處所描述的具體實施例僅用以解釋本發明,並不用於限定本發明,能實現同樣功能的產品屬於等同替換和改進,均包含在本發明的保護範圍之內。具體方法如下:In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Products that can achieve the same function belong to equivalent replacements and improvements, which are all included in the protection scope of the present invention. The specific method is as follows:
實施例1:用戶密碼的哈希函數構造Example 1: Hash function construction of user password
將驗證卡片所需的用戶使用密碼經過哈希函數變換成所需長度的哈希值,具體過程為首先將任意長度的用戶使用密碼經填補、劃分而生成長度為4n位元組的子資訊段,之後通過混沌反覆運算、函數變換、替換和函數查閱資料表生成4n長度的哈希值。具體演算法如下:Convert the user password required to verify the card into a hash value of the required length through a hash function. The specific process is to first fill and divide the user password of any length to generate a sub-information segment with a length of 4n bytes. , and then generate a 4n-length hash value through chaotic iterative operations, function transformations, substitutions, and function lookup tables. The specific algorithm is as follows:
a)將用戶使用密碼表示成制定的格式,初始格式為K=(α,x0 ,m),其中α為混沌映射的參數,x0 為混沌映射的初值,這裡為用戶的使用密碼,m為初始反覆運算次數。以0-1混沌序列初始化各寄存器為: a) Represent the user's password in the specified format, the initial format is K=(α, x 0 , m), where α is the parameter of the chaotic map, x 0 is the initial value of the chaotic map, here is the user's password, m is the number of initial repeated operations. Initialize each register with a 0-1 chaotic sequence as:
b)任意長度的用戶使用密碼經填補、劃分而生成長度為4n位元組的子資訊段。b) The user password of any length is padded and divided to generate a sub-information segment with a length of 4n bytes.
c)使用函數f(*)重新計算A、B、C、D。c) Recalculate A, B, C, D using the function f(*).
d)根據生成的A、B、C和D的最後位元(bit)決定A、B、C和D在混沌動態s-盒的替換次序,即將A、B、C和D分別與用標號1、2、3和4一一對應,按照函數F(*)的分函數下標順序做為混沌替換次序。d) Determine the replacement order of A, B, C and D in the chaotic dynamic s-box according to the last bits of the generated A, B, C and D, that is to say, A, B, C and D are respectively combined with the label 1. , 2, 3 and 4 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the subscript order of the sub-functions of the function F(*) is used as the chaotic replacement order.
e)由A、B、C、D的最後位元(bit)查找並計算f(*)。e) Find and calculate f(*) from the last bits of A, B, C, and D.
f)判斷原始資料是否處理完畢,是則輸出4n位元組的哈希值A、B、C、D,否則轉向b)步驟。f) Judging whether the original data has been processed, if yes, output the hash values A, B, C, and D of the 4n-byte group, otherwise turn to step b).
實施例2:系統總控制文件下應用文件的定義與應用Embodiment 2: Definition and application of application files under the general control file of the system
在區塊鏈加密射頻晶片上建立文件系統根目錄上建立系統總控制文件。存放區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的公共資訊文件,並且為所有的應用程式服務。在總控制文件上根據使用情況分別建立多個應用目錄文件,例如為區塊鏈金融環境包括密鑰資訊、個人資訊等,接著定義金融接觸式的應用環境,根據中國金融區塊鏈加密射頻晶片規範可定義此應用的文件名為1PAY.SYS.DDF01。同樣可定義金融非接觸式系統環境,並定義為2PAY.SYS.DDF01。金融接觸式的應用環境與金融非接觸式的應用環境都為系統總控制文件之下的不同應用文件,應用文件通過檔案名實現不同應用的選擇從而實現射頻晶片的多種應用。The overall system control file is established on the root directory of the file system on the blockchain encrypted RF chip. Stores public information files of blockchain-encrypted RF chips and serves all applications. Create multiple application directory files on the master control file according to the usage, for example, for the blockchain financial environment including key information, personal information, etc., then define the financial contact application environment, encrypt the RF chip according to the Chinese financial blockchain The specification may define the filename for this application as 1PAY.SYS.DDF01. The financial contactless system environment can also be defined and defined as 2PAY.SYS.DDF01. Both the financial contact application environment and the financial non-contact application environment are different application files under the general control file of the system.
實施例3:密鑰結構的具體規劃Embodiment 3: Specific planning of key structure
密鑰管理是一口涉及密鑰的產生、檢驗、分配、傳遞、使用、保管、銷毀的綜合性技術,並且與密鑰的行政管理制度和人員的素質有密切的關係。目前國際標準化組織ISO己經制定了密鑰管理標準。但是由於加密系統實際使用情況的不同,具體的系統都有具體的實際要求,因此在標準化上很難統一。Key management is a comprehensive technology involving the generation, inspection, distribution, transmission, use, storage, and destruction of keys, and is closely related to the administrative management system of keys and the quality of personnel. At present, the International Organization for Standardization ISO has formulated key management standards. However, due to the different actual usage of encryption systems, specific systems have specific actual requirements, so it is difficult to unify in standardization.
目前的密鑰系統一般採用層次結構,使用密鑰保護密鑰的基本思想來進行設計。對於第(i+1)層的密鑰設計由第i層的密鑰來保護,同時本身也受到再上一層密鑰的保護。密鑰為層次化保護機制,下一層的密鑰由上面層次的密鑰保護。The current key system generally adopts a hierarchical structure and is designed using the basic idea of key protection keys. The key design for layer (i+1) is protected by the key of layer i, and is also protected by the key of the next layer. The key is a hierarchical protection mechanism, and the key of the next layer is protected by the key of the upper layer.
在實際使用中往往根據加密系統的功能結構來確定密鑰系統的層次結構,如果系統功能相對簡單,則密鑰層次就可相應減少。如果功能相對複雜則需要適當增加密鑰結構層數。通過分層模式的設計可大大提升密鑰管理系統的安全性。由於在每一層中都可使用新的協議進行變化、進行管理,因此整個密鑰系統為動態特徵,而不僅僅是一個靜態的存儲機制,伴隨著每一層密鑰,都存在相應的協議。In actual use, the hierarchical structure of the key system is often determined according to the functional structure of the encryption system. If the function of the system is relatively simple, the key hierarchy can be reduced accordingly. If the function is relatively complex, it is necessary to appropriately increase the number of key structure layers. The security of the key management system can be greatly improved through the design of the layered mode. Since new protocols can be used for changes and management in each layer, the entire key system is a dynamic feature, not just a static storage mechanism. Along with each layer of keys, there is a corresponding protocol.
在區塊鏈加密射頻晶片系統中使用三層密鑰管理系統,分別為主密鑰層,子密鑰層和對話密鑰層。在智慧區塊鏈加密射頻晶片和讀卡器中存有相同的系統主密鑰,根據系統的實際情況不同,有的智慧卡或者讀卡器中會有一個或多個主密鑰,以提高系統的安全性。本系統中只使用了一個主密鑰。使用可變的主密鑰參數對主密鑰進行加密就能得到子密鑰,同時採用另外的可變主密鑰參數對子密鑰進行加密就能得到第三層對話密鑰。對於讀卡器和晶片之間傳輸的資料採用對話密鑰進行加密。通常情況下,對話密鑰只能被用一次,這樣即使對話密鑰被攻擊者解碼,洩露的也僅僅只是一次傳輸資料。並且,無法從對話密鑰反推求得系統主密鑰。A three-layer key management system is used in the blockchain encryption RF chip system, namely the main key layer, the sub-key layer and the session key layer. The same system master key is stored in the smart blockchain encryption RF chip and the card reader. According to the actual situation of the system, some smart cards or card readers will have one or more master keys to improve the system security. Only one master key is used in this system. The subkey can be obtained by encrypting the master key with the variable master key parameters, and the third-layer session key can be obtained by encrypting the subkey with another variable master key parameter. The data transmitted between the card reader and the chip is encrypted with a session key. Normally, the session key can only be used once, so even if the session key is decoded by the attacker, only one transmission of data is leaked. Furthermore, the system master key cannot be obtained by inverse inference from the session key.
對話密鑰生成方式;在區塊鏈加密射頻晶片內都設有態片製造標識碼,應用序號或者區塊鏈加密射頻晶片序號,其中,根據區塊鏈加密射頻晶片的序號有且唯一。另外,在交易時系統通常記錄交易的時間,在某些卡片內還有相應的計數器來控制讀寫次數。當卡片被執行某條指令後計數器自動增加。這就保證了每次交易的時候,計數器的值和交易時間不一致。因此使用主密鑰對卡的製造商識別碼,卡的序號進行加密生成子密鑰。雖然使用相同的主密鑰,但是由於序號各不相同,因此各卡生成的子密鑰也是不相同的。為了確保對於每張卡上的對話密鑰只使用一次,使用子密鑰對交易時間和計數器值進行加密生成對話密鑰。這樣對於同一張卡,每次交易使用的對話密鑰都是不同的。對於一個多用途的晶片而言,不同的應用常常使用不同的主密鑰,因此這使得解碼系統的工作量很大,而且解碼的意義也不大。Session key generation method; the state chip manufacturing identification code is set in the blockchain encrypted RF chip, the application serial number or the blockchain encrypted RF chip serial number, wherein the serial number of the encrypted RF chip according to the blockchain is unique and unique. In addition, during the transaction, the system usually records the time of the transaction, and there are corresponding counters in some cards to control the number of reading and writing. The counter is automatically incremented when the card is executed with an instruction. This ensures that each time a transaction occurs, the value of the counter is inconsistent with the transaction time. Therefore, the master key is used to encrypt the manufacturer's identification code of the card and the serial number of the card to generate a sub-key. Although the same master key is used, since the serial numbers are different, the sub-keys generated by each card are also different. To ensure that the session key on each card is used only once, the session key is generated by encrypting the transaction time and counter value with a subkey. In this way, for the same card, the session key used for each transaction is different. For a multi-purpose chip, different applications often use different master keys, so this makes the decoding system a lot of work, and decoding is not meaningful.
主密鑰可由多個可信任的人彼此獨立提出一段數據然後合成一個密鑰,然後再加入安全亂數加密運算獲得。因此主密鑰的生成和變化方式都難預測。系統主密鑰在下載的過程中如果不謹慎就會造成密鑰的洩露,因此主密鑰的下載必須在安全的環境下進行。由於需要人為將系統主密鑰裝載入射頻晶片及讀卡器,因此確保下載過程必須在專用的設備上進行,下載時的環境必須安全的,在射頻卡在接觸上不能丟失資訊。在卡內作業系統確保主密鑰在下載後就不能再被讀取。讀卡器內無法進行密鑰下載十分麻煩,往往加入安全模組用以存放密鑰,以實現加密與解密演算法。The master key can be obtained by multiple trusted persons independently proposing a piece of data, synthesizing a key, and then adding a secure random number encryption operation. Therefore, it is difficult to predict how the master key is generated and changed. In the process of downloading the system master key, if you are not careful, the key will be leaked, so the download of the master key must be carried out in a safe environment. Since it is necessary to manually load the system master key into the RF chip and card reader, it is necessary to ensure that the download process must be carried out on a dedicated device, the download environment must be safe, and information cannot be lost on the RF card. The operating system inside the card ensures that the master key cannot be read again after it has been downloaded. It is very troublesome that the key cannot be downloaded in the card reader, and a security module is often added to store the key to realize the encryption and decryption algorithm.
加密解密演算法使用了數位混沌序列,能在不過多增加運算量的前提下,對數字混沌反覆運算過程加以改進,使整個系統所產生的偽隨機序列更加類似雜訊,並且減少弱密鑰的比例,擴大可用密鑰的空間,使密鑰的選取具有更大的隨機性。由於數位混沌系統反覆運算所產生的偽混沌序列週期不可預測,難於精確分析,並且遠遠小於2N (N是實現精度)。雖然提高了實現精度,偽混沌序列的平均週期仍然不會有大的提高,並且還是會存在序列被吸引到某個固定值的情況。為了改進偽混沌序列的週期特性,延長並且控制其序列週期,利用m序列對混沌反覆運算系統進行擾動的方法。The encryption and decryption algorithm uses the digital chaotic sequence, which can improve the repeated operation process of the digital chaos without increasing the computational load too much, so that the pseudo-random sequence generated by the whole system is more similar to noise, and the weak key is reduced. Proportion, expand the space of available keys, and make the selection of keys more random. Due to the unpredictable period of the pseudo-chaotic sequence generated by the repeated operation of the digital chaotic system, it is difficult to analyze accurately, and is far less than 2 N (N is the realization accuracy). Although the implementation accuracy is improved, the average period of the pseudo-chaotic sequence will not be greatly improved, and there will still be cases where the sequence is attracted to a certain fixed value. In order to improve the period characteristic of pseudo-chaotic sequence, prolong and control its sequence period, the method of perturbing the chaotic iterative operation system by using m-sequence.
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[圖1] 為區塊鏈加密射頻晶片存儲設計方法的具體步驟。[Figure 1] The specific steps of designing a method for blockchain encrypted RF chip storage.
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