TWI750093B - Display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A display apparatus includes a display panel, a light polarization transfer device, a first lens element layer and a second lens element layer. The light polarization transfer device is disposed on the display panel. The first lens element layer is disposed on the light polarization transfer device and includes a plurality of first lens elements arranged in sequence. The second lens element layer is disposed on the first lens element layer and includes a plurality of second lens elements arranged in sequence. Each first lens element and each second lens element include liquid crystal molecules. The alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the first lens elements is perpendicular to the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the second lens elements. The radius of curvature of each first lens element is larger than the radius of curvature of each second lens element.

Description

display screen

The present invention relates to a display device.

With the advancement of display technology, displays that support 3D video playback have gradually become popular. The naked-eye 3D display allows users to watch 3D stereoscopic images without wearing 3D glasses. The naked-eye 3D display that uses a lenticular lens for imaging has a higher penetration rate than the barrier-type naked-eye 3D display. . However, under the current lens configuration with a single curvature radius, its spherical aberration causes the side view spot size of the display to become larger, and the side view image becomes blurred.

The invention provides a display device with good display quality.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a display device is provided, which includes a display panel, a light polarization converter, a first lens layer and a second lens layer, and the light polarization converter is disposed on the display panel. The first lens layer is arranged on the light polarization converter and includes a plurality of first lenses arranged in sequence. The second lens layer is disposed on the first lens layer and includes a plurality of second lenses arranged in sequence. Each first lens and each second lens includes liquid crystal molecules, and the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the first lenses is perpendicular to the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the second lenses, and the radius of curvature of each first lens is larger than that of each The radius of curvature of the second lens.

Based on the foregoing, the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured with lenses with different radii of curvature. Lights of different viewing angles can be imaged through different lenses. The light of the positive viewing angle is imaged through the second lens with a smaller radius of curvature, and the light of the side viewing angle is achieved through the first lens with a larger radius of curvature to avoid the side viewing angle from becoming larger. Phenomenon, taking into account the imaging quality in the direction of the front viewing angle and the direction of the side viewing angle.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, it shows a schematic diagram of a display device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, for the purpose of clear description, the various components of the display device 1000 are drawn separately.

The display device 1000 includes a display panel 100, a light polarization converter 200 and a lens layer 300, and the light polarization converter 200 is disposed between the display panel 100 and the lens layer 300. The lens layer 300 includes a first lens layer 101 and a second lens layer 102, and the first lens layer 101 and the second lens layer 102 can be directly contacted or separated from each other. The first lens layer 101 is disposed between the light polarization converter 200 and the second lens layer 102, and the first lens layer 101 includes a plurality of first lenses 1011 and a first covering layer 101C arranged in sequence, and the first covering layer 101C Set on the plurality of first lenses 1011. The second lens layer 102 includes a plurality of second lenses 1021 and a second covering layer 102C arranged in sequence, and the second covering layer 102C is disposed on the plurality of second lenses 1021. The materials of the first covering layer 101C and the second covering layer 102C may include epoxy resin, UV glue or other suitable materials.

The light polarization converter 200 is disposed between the display panel 100 and the lens layer 300. In this embodiment, the light polarization converter 200 is a twisted nematic liquid crystal cell (TN-LC cell). In other words, the light polarization converter 200 includes two substrates (not shown) and a liquid crystal layer (not shown) disposed between the substrates. An electrode layer (not shown) may be configured on the substrate to generate an electric field that changes the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the light polarization converter 200 can adjust the polarization direction of incident light. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the optical polarization converter 200 may also be a boundary electric field switching liquid crystal cell (FFS-LC cell), an optically compensated birefringent liquid crystal cell (OBC-LC cell), or a polymer stabilized alignment liquid crystal cell (PSA-LC cell). ).

The plurality of first lenses 1011 and the plurality of second lenses 1021 are correspondingly arranged in a one-to-one manner, wherein the central area of each first lens 1011 and the central area of the corresponding second lens 1021 correspond to the vertical projection of the display panel 100. Overlap, and the edge area of each first lens 1011 overlaps with the edge area of the corresponding second lens 1021 in the vertical projection of the display panel 100. Specifically, taking FIG. 2 as an example, the vertical projections of the central area of the first lens 1011 and the central area of the second lens 1021 on the display panel 100 all fall on the pixels 3, 4, 5 and pixels of the display panel 100. 6, the vertical projection of the central area of the first lens 1011 and the central area of the second lens 1021 on the display panel 100 overlaps. The vertical projections of the edge area of the first lens 1011 and the edge area of the second lens 1021 on the display panel 100 all fall on the pixel 1, pixel 2, pixel 7 and pixel 8 of the display panel 100. The edge area of the first lens 1011 It overlaps with the vertical projection of the edge area of the second lens 1021 on the display panel 100.

In this embodiment, the plurality of first lenses 1011 and the plurality of second lenses 1021 are curved cylinders, but the invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments of the present invention, the vertical projection of each first lens 1011 and each second lens 1021 on the display panel 100 may be one of a rectangle, a regular polygon, or a circle.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 at the same time, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display device 1000 shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, for the purpose of clear description, only one first lens 1011 and a corresponding second lens 1021 are shown.

Each first lens 1011 includes liquid crystal molecules 1011L, and each second lens 1021 includes liquid crystal molecules 1021L, which can be achieved by hollowing out the first covering layer 101C and injecting liquid crystal molecules 1011L, and by hollowing out the second covering layer 102C and injecting Liquid crystal molecules 1021L are formed. The ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L is the same as the refractive index of the first cover layer 101C. The ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1021L is the same as the refractive index of the second covering layer 102C.

The alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L is perpendicular to the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 1021L. As shown in FIG. 2, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 1011L is in the X direction, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 1021L is in the Y direction, and the X direction is perpendicular to the Y direction.

In this embodiment, the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal molecule 1011L may be the same as the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal molecule 1021L. In other words, the liquid crystal molecules 1011L and the liquid crystal molecules 1021L may have the same ordinary ray refractive index and extraordinary ray refractive index, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal molecules 1011L and the liquid crystal molecules 1021L may have different ordinary refractive indexes and different extraordinary refractive indexes.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the radius of curvature of each first lens 1011 is greater than the radius of curvature of each second lens 1021. Moreover, the radius of curvature of each first lens 1011 is the same, and the radius of curvature of each second lens 1021 is the same, but the present invention is not limited to this. In some embodiments of the present invention, the radius of curvature of different first lenses 1011 may be different. In some embodiments of the present invention, the radii of curvature of different second lenses 1021 may be different.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate schematic diagrams of light transmission of the display device 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a first period and a second period, respectively.

In FIG. 3A, pixel 1, pixel 2, pixel 7, and pixel 8 of the display panel 100 do not emit light in the first period, and pixel 3, pixel 4, pixel 5, and pixel 6 emit light in the first period, and the light beam passes through the light. After the polarization converter 200 is modulated, the first polarized image beam L1 is formed, and the polarization direction of the first polarized image beam L1 falls on the YZ plane shown in FIG. 3A. In other words, the polarization of the first polarized image light beam L1 is not in the X direction. That is, the polarization direction of the first polarized image light beam L1 is parallel to the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L in the first lens 1011, and the first polarized image light beam L1 feels the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L. Since the refractive index of the first cover layer 101C is the same as the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L, the first polarized image beam L1 will not be refracted at the junction of the first lens 1011 and the first cover layer 101C, but maintain the original polarization. It enters the first covering layer 101C in the original propagation direction, and then enters the second lens 1021 continuously. Since the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 1021L of the second lens 1021 is also on the YZ plane, and the polarization direction of the first polarized image beam L1 before entering the second lens layer 102 is perpendicular to the short axis of the liquid crystal molecule 1021L, the first polarized image The light beam L1 feels the anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules 1021L instead of the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1021L. Since the refractive index of the second covering layer 102C is equal to the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1021L, the first polarized image beam L1 will experience the difference in refractive index at the junction of the second lens 1021 and the second covering layer 102C and be refracted. Through the light transmission process in the first time period described above, the light beams provided by the pixels 3, 4, 5, and 6 correspond to the light beams of the display device 1000 with a positive viewing angle.

In FIG. 3B, pixel 3, pixel 4, pixel 5, and pixel 6 of the display panel 100 do not emit light in the second period, and pixel 1, pixel 2, pixel 7 and pixel 8 emit light in the second period, and the light beam passes through the light. After the polarization converter 200 is modulated, a second polarized image light beam L2 is formed, and the polarization direction of the second polarized image light beam L2 falls on the X direction shown in FIG. 3B. In other words, the polarization direction of the second polarized image beam L2 is parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L in the first lens 1011, and the second polarized image beam L2 feels the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L. Since the refractive index of the first covering layer 101C is the same as the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L and different from the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L, the second polarized image light beam L2 is in the first lens 1011 and the first covering layer 101C The difference in refractive index will be felt at the junction of, and it will be refracted, enter the first covering layer 101C, and then enter the second lens 1021. Since the polarization direction of the second polarized image beam L2 before entering the second lens layer 102 is in the X direction and is parallel to the short axis of the liquid crystal molecule 1021L, the second polarized image beam L2 feels the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 1021L . Since the refractive index of the second cover layer 102C is the same as the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1021L, the second polarized image beam L2 will not be refracted at the junction of the second lens 1021 and the second cover layer 102C, but propagate as it is. Direction into the second covering layer 102C. Through the light transmission process in the second time period described above, the light beams provided by the pixels 1, the pixels 2, the pixels 7 and the pixels 8 correspond to the side view light beams of the display device 1000.

Based on the above description of FIGS. 3A and 3B, the side-view beam of the display device 1000 provided in this embodiment is imaged by the first lens 1011, and the positive-view beam is imaged by the second lens 1021, wherein the curvature of the first lens 1011 The radius is larger than the radius of curvature of the second lens 1021, so that the display panel 100 can avoid the problem of the side view light spot becoming larger, and obtain good imaging quality in both the front view angle and the side view direction.

In this embodiment, the display device 1000 switches the state of the display panel 100 in the first period at a frequency of at least 120 Hz (that is, pixel 1, pixel 2, pixel 7 and pixel 8 do not emit light, pixel 3, pixel 4, pixel 5 and pixel 6 emit light) and the state in the second period (that is, pixel 3, pixel 4, pixel 5, and pixel 6 do not emit light, pixel 1, pixel 2, pixel 7 and pixel 8 emit light), where each first lens 1011 and the radius of curvature of each second lens 1021 do not change with time.

In order to fully illustrate various implementation aspects of the present invention, other embodiments of the present invention will be described below. It must be noted here that the following embodiments use the element numbers and part of the content of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the same numbers are used to represent the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical content is omitted. For the description of the omitted parts, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiment, and the description of the following embodiments will not be repeated.

Referring to 4A and 4B, FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate schematic diagrams of light transmission of the display device 2000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention in the first time period and the second time period, respectively. Compared with the display device 1000 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the display device 2000 is different in that the display device 2000 further includes a transparent layer 40, which is disposed between the first lens layer 101 and the second lens layer 102, The ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1011L of the first lens 1011, the refractive index of the first covering layer 101C, the refractive index of the transparent layer 40, the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 1021L of the second lens 1021, and the second covering layer 102C The refractive index is the same. In addition, the thickness of the transparent layer 40 is greater than the thickness of the first lens layer 101 and the thickness of the second lens layer 102. The transparent layer 40 may be, for example, glass or other suitable transparent materials.

By providing the transparent layer 40, the distance between the second lens layer 102 and the display panel 100 is increased. This allows the display device 2000 to image the light beams from pixels 3 to 10 (8 pixels in total) in the first period shown in FIG. 4A, compared to the pixel 3 to pixel 6 (4 pixels in total) shown in FIG. 3A. The light beam of pixels) performs imaging, and the display device 2000 can provide a higher view density in the direction of a positive viewing angle. In addition, through the light transmission process in the second period shown in FIG. 4B, the light beams provided by the pixels 1, the pixels 2, the pixels 11, and the pixels 12 can correspond to the side view light beams of the display device 2000.

In summary, the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is configured with lenses with different radii of curvature. Lights of different viewing angles can be imaged through different lenses. The light of the positive viewing angle is imaged through the second lens with a smaller radius of curvature, and the light of the side viewing angle is achieved through the first lens with a larger radius of curvature to avoid the side viewing angle from becoming larger. Phenomenon, taking into account the imaging quality in the direction of the front viewing angle and the direction of the side viewing angle.

1~12: pixels 40: transparent layer 100: display panel 101: The first lens layer 101C, 102C: Covering layer 102: second lens layer 200: Optical polarization converter 300: lens layer 1000, 2000: display device 1011: The first lens 1021: second lens 1011L, 1021L: liquid crystal molecules L1: The first polarization image beam L2: second polarization image beam X, Y, Z: direction

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display device shown in Fig. 1. 3A and 3B show schematic diagrams of light transmission of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a first period and a second period, respectively. 4A and 4B respectively show schematic diagrams of light transmission of the display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention in the first time period and the second time period.

100: display panel

101: The first lens layer

102: second lens layer

200: Optical polarization converter

300: lens layer

1000: display device

1011: The first lens

1021: second lens

X, Y, Z: direction

Claims (13)

A display device including: A display panel; A light polarization converter arranged on the display panel; A first lens layer disposed on the light polarization converter and including a plurality of first lenses arranged in sequence; and A second lens layer is disposed on the first lens layer and includes a plurality of second lenses arranged in sequence, Each of the first lens and each of the second lenses includes liquid crystal molecules, and the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the first lenses is perpendicular to the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the second lenses, and the radius of curvature of each first lens Greater than the radius of curvature of each second lens. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the central area of each first lens overlaps with the central area of the corresponding second lens in the vertical projection of the display panel, and the edge area of each first lens overlaps with the corresponding The edge area of the second lens overlaps in the vertical projection of the display panel. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the display panel includes a plurality of pixels, and the pixels corresponding to the vertical projection of the edge area of each first lens are turned off in the first period of time, and are different from the first lens. The second time period of the time period is turned on; the pixels corresponding to the vertical projection of the central area of each second lens are turned on in the first time period and turned off in the second time period. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the polarization direction of the light provided by the pixels that are turned on during the first time period after passing through the light polarization converter is aligned with the minor axis of the liquid crystal molecules of the second lens Vertical, the polarization direction of the light provided by the pixels turned on in the second time period after passing through the light polarization converter is perpendicular to the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules of the first lens. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a transparent layer disposed between the first lens layer and the second lens layer. In the display device according to claim 5, the refractive index of the transparent layer, the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the first lens, and the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the second lens are the same. In the display device according to claim 5, the thickness of the transparent layer is greater than the thickness of the first lens layer and the thickness of the second lens layer. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the radius of curvature of each first lens is the same, and the radius of curvature of each second lens is the same. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal molecules of the first lenses and the liquid crystal molecules of the second lenses have the same optical characteristics. The display device according to claim 1, wherein each first lens and each second lens are curved cylinders. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the radius of curvature of each first lens and each second lens does not change with time. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens layer further includes a first covering layer to cover the first lenses, and the second lens layer further includes a second covering layer to cover the second lenses The ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the first lenses is the same as the refractive index of the first covering layer, and the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the second lenses is the same as the refractive index of the second covering layer. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the vertical projection of each first lens and each second lens on the display panel is one of a rectangle, a regular polygon, or a circle.

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