TWI745662B - Offshore work facility and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an offshore work facility which is capable of stable operation even in deep water and can improve work efficiency. The offshore work facility has three pillars 10, a deck 20 supported so as to be capable of being raised and lowered with respect to the pillars 10, and a crane 30 installed on the deck 20. The deck 20 is configured as a floating body structure, and has a main deck section 21, and a first protruding section 22 formed so as to protrude from the main deck section 21. The crane 30 is installed on the first protruding section 22. The offshore work facility is constructed by adding the first protruding section 22 and the crane 30 to a jack-up drilling rig with the drilling equipment and cantilever removed. The first protruding section 22 is added to the main deck section 22 using the support structure of the cantilever.

Description

Offshore operation equipment and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to an offshore operation equipment that can be used for the construction of offshore equipment such as offshore wind power generation equipment and a manufacturing method thereof.

From the viewpoint of effective use of natural energy, offshore wind power has attracted attention.

The construction of offshore wind power equipment mostly uses offshore operation equipment called self-elevating platform (SEP). A self-elevating platform usually has a plurality of legs, and a platform supported by the legs in any manner of lifting (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2). The platform is equipped with a crane for operation, which is used to assemble offshore wind power generation equipment. In addition, the platform can also be used as a loading and unloading space for various parts of offshore wind power equipment.

〔Literature technical literature〕 〔Patent Documents〕

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-37925

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-215937

In recent years, as offshore wind power generation equipment, for example, offshore wind power generation equipment with a large output of 6MW or more has been developed. The size of offshore wind power generation equipment itself has been correspondingly enlarged, and not only the implantation type, but also the floating type equipment is also inclined to be developed. And practical. As mentioned above, the platform of offshore operation equipment is equipped with cranes for operation, or used as a loading and unloading space for various parts. Therefore, to carry out the construction of large-scale offshore wind power generation equipment, offshore operation equipment with a larger platform is required. In addition, to carry out the construction of floating wind equipment, offshore operation equipment that can operate stably even in sea areas with a water depth of more than 90m is required.

It is necessary to carry out offshore construction in the sea area with a water depth of more than 90m. If the existing jack-up platform is not available, large floating cranes are usually used, but they are easily affected by waves, which can easily cause standby time for work and increase work efficiency. reduce. On the other hand, offshore operation equipment with large platforms will reduce the towing speed from the harbor to the offshore equipment construction site, that is, the sea area. The reduced towing speed is the reason for the extension of the offshore equipment construction period.

Therefore, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an offshore operation equipment that can operate stably in the deep sea area, and can improve the operation efficiency and its manufacturing method.

The offshore operation equipment of the present invention has: 3 or more foot pillars; a platform, which is composed of a floating structure and is supported in a manner that can be raised and lowered relative to the foot pillar; and a crane mounted on the platform; the platform It has: a main platform part with the foot column and a protrusion formed by protruding from the main platform part; the offshore operation equipment is attached to the existing elevating drilling device with the main platform part and the foot column and the protrusion And the crane; the protrusion is attached to the main platform using the cantilever support structure for the on-board excavation equipment carried by the existing elevating drilling device; the crane is mounted on the protrusion.

The manufacturing method of offshore operation equipment of the present invention includes: preparing an elevating drilling device, which has: 3 or more foot pillars, a main platform part configured with the foot pillars and supported in a manner that can be raised and lowered relative to the foot pillars, borrowed The support structure is the cantilever supported by the main platform part and the excavating equipment configured with the cantilever; the cantilever and the excavating equipment are removed from the elevating drilling device; the protrusion formed by protruding from the main platform part is used The supporting structure is attached to the main platform part; and the crane is mounted on the protruding part.

According to the present invention, an offshore operation equipment can be provided, which can operate stably and effectively in deep sea areas. In addition, according to the method for manufacturing offshore operation equipment of the present invention, the above-mentioned offshore operation equipment can be manufactured in a short time and at low cost.

1: Offshore equipment

10: Foot post

20: platform

20a: top wall

20b: bottom wall

20c: peripheral wall

20d: dividing wall

21: Main Platform Department

22: 1st protrusion

23: 2nd protrusion

30: crane

120a: 2nd top wall

120c: the second peripheral wall

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of offshore operation equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the offshore operation equipment shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 2A shows the internal structure of the platform in the offshore operating equipment shown in Figure 2.

Figure 3 illustrates the operating range of the crane when a crane is placed in the area surrounded by the foot column.

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the offshore operation equipment in another form of the present invention with the platform in a multi-layer structure.

Fig. 5 illustrates an example of the utilization form of the offshore operation equipment shown in Fig. 1.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, there is shown an offshore operation equipment 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has: a foot post 10, a platform 20 supported by the foot post 10, and a crane 30 mounted on the platform 20. The offshore operation equipment 1 can be used for the construction of offshore equipment such as offshore wind power generation equipment. The platform 20 is composed of a floating body structure. When the offshore equipment 1 is used for the construction of offshore equipment, the offshore equipment 1 is a tug boat or the like. The towing ship is towed to the offshore equipment construction site, that is, the sea area.

The footpost 10 supports the platform 20 above the sea level during the offshore operation performed by the offshore operation equipment 1. Therefore, the length of the foot post 10 can support the platform 20 above the sea level when the lower end touches the bottom of the sea. The offshore work equipment 1 has three or more foot posts 10 in order to stably support the platform 20. The structure of the foot post 10 is not limited as long as the foot post 10 can achieve the above-mentioned functions. For example, a known structure such as a jack-up platform or the structure of the foot post used in an elevating drilling device can be used for offshore operation equipment 1. . Although the length of the foot post 10 is not particularly limited, the length is preferably such that the foot post 10 can touch the bottom without being affected by waves, and the construction can be carried out stably even when the construction is carried out in a sea area exceeding 90 m. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the foot post 10 is not particularly limited, and can be any shape such as a circle or a polygon.

The platform 20 is supported by a lifting mechanism (not shown) in a manner of arbitrarily lifting relative to the foot post 10. As the lifting mechanism, any mechanism such as a rack and pinion mechanism can be used. When towing the offshore work equipment 1, the lifting mechanism is operated to raise the foot post 10 relative to the platform 20 in such a way that the foot post 10 does not touch the bottom. The platform 20 is composed of a floating body structure, so if the foot post 10 is raised, the offshore operation equipment 1 can float on the sea level, and the offshore operation equipment 1 can be towed in this state.

The platform 20 has a top wall 20a, a bottom wall 20b, and an outer peripheral wall 20c. Thereby, the platform 20 is configured as a floating body structure formed with a closed internal space. As shown in FIG. 2A, the internal space of the platform 20 is divided into a plurality of partitions by a strength member, that is, at least one partition wall 20d, thereby ensuring sufficient mechanical strength to use the upper surface of the platform 20 as a working space and construction separation Use the space for loading parts of shore equipment.

As shown in FIG. 2, the platform 20 has a main platform portion 21, a first protrusion portion 22 and a second protrusion portion 23. In the illustrated form, the platform 20 has two first protrusions 22 and two second protrusions 23, but the number of first protrusions 22 and the number of second protrusions 23 are not limited. Among the main platform portion 21, the first protrusion portion 22 and the second protrusion portion 23, the main platform portion 21 is the part having the largest area when viewed from above, and the foot post 10 is arranged on the outer edge of the main platform portion 21. Therefore, most of the upper surface of the main platform 21 can be used as a work space and a space for mounting parts for building offshore equipment. In the case where the offshore equipment is an offshore wind power generation equipment, the platform 20 preferably has a space for mounting parts such as one offshore wind power generation equipment. The top view shape of the main platform 21 is not limited.

The first protruding portion 22 may have such a shape as seen from above, facing the connecting side of two adjacent leg posts 10, and protruding from the main platform portion 21 in a convex shape. In addition, the upper surface of the first protruding portion 22 is preferably located on the same plane as the upper surface of the main platform portion 21. Therefore, the working space on the upper surface of the platform 20 and the space for mounting parts can be actually expanded.

The crane 30 is mounted on the first protrusion 22. The crane 30 may be a fixed type or a crawler type. However, most of the work is performed on the first protrusion 22 without moving, so in reality, a stationary crane 30 is sufficient. In addition, compared with a crawler crane, the fixed crane 30 occupies a smaller area on the platform 20 and can ensure a larger space on the platform 20, which is advantageous from this point of view.

The crane 30 is mounted on the first protrusion 22 so that the crane 30 is located outside the area surrounded by all the foot pillars 10 (three foot pillars 10 in this form) of the support platform 20.

In this way, the crane 30 is mounted on the first protrusion 22, located outside the area surrounded by the foot post 20, and as shown in FIG. 2, the operating range θ1 of the crane 30 (centered on the rotation center O of the crane 30 Rotation range), expanded to exceed the range of 180°. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the crane 30 is mounted on the main platform 21, the foot post 10 is usually arranged at the corner of the main platform 21, so the crane 30 is located on the two foot posts 10 The enclosed area. Therefore, the operating range θ2 of the crane 30 is less than 180°. The operation range of the crane 30 is expanded, and the degree of freedom of operation of the crane 30 can be improved.

In addition, as long as the entire system of the platform 20 is constituted by a floating structure, the first protrusion 22 itself may be constituted by a floating structure, or may not be constituted by a floating structure. When the first protruding portion 22 is formed of a floating body structure, the first protruding portion 22 may have a top wall, a bottom wall, and an outer peripheral wall forming an internal space in the first protruding portion 22 like the main platform 21. The first protrusion 22 may further have a partition wall as required.

The second protrusion 23 is formed to protrude from the main platform 21 in a shape that does not exceed the width of the main platform 21 from a position different from the first protrusion 22. The second protruding portion 23 may also adopt such a shape as the first protruding portion 21, when viewed from above, it faces the connecting side of the two adjacent leg posts 10 and protrudes from the main platform portion 21 in a convex shape. In addition, the second protrusion 23 is constituted by a floating structure. Therefore, the second protruding portion 23 can have the top wall, the bottom wall, and the outer peripheral wall forming the internal space in the second protruding portion 23, similarly to the main platform 21. The second protrusion 23 may further have a partition wall as required.

The addition of the second protrusion 23 to the main platform 21 further expands the space on the platform 20, and at the same time, improves the stability of the offshore operation equipment 1 during towing. In addition, the shape of the second protruding portion 23 does not exceed the width of the main platform portion 21, so it is possible to avoid the increase in resistance during towing. Therefore, to avoid the towing speed reduction, you can Effectively tow offshore operation equipment1. To further avoid the drag during towing, when towing the offshore operation equipment 1 in the direction of the reversed arrow as shown in Figure 2A, the second protrusion 23 should preferably adopt this shape: the main platform part 21 and the second protruding part 23 The combined shape of the protrusion 23 is a boat shape whose width expands from the bow side to the stern side.

Above, the case where the platform 20 has a single-layer structure has been described, but the platform 20 may have a multi-layer structure. Figure 4 shows a schematic side view of an offshore operation equipment with a multi-layer platform. In addition, in the following description of the offshore work equipment shown in FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 and the like are assigned to the same configuration as the offshore work equipment described previously, and the description is omitted.

In the offshore work equipment 1 shown in FIG. 4, the platform 20 has: a second top wall 120a arranged above the top wall 20a and the top wall 20a apart, and the second top wall 120a is separated from the top wall 20a The second outer peripheral wall 120c and the second partition wall (not shown) supported by the spacing method make the platform 20 a two-layer structure. The structure arranged above the top wall 20a by the top wall 20a, the second top wall 120a, the second outer peripheral wall 120c, and the second partition wall is a floating body structure formed by an internal space divided into a plurality of partitions Constituted. Therefore, even if structures such as the second top wall 120a, the second outer peripheral wall 120c, and the second partition wall are added to the top wall 20a, the platform 20 ensures the necessary buoyancy enough to tow offshore equipment.

The second top wall 120a and the second outer peripheral wall 120c can be arranged on the main platform 21 (refer to FIG. 2), the first protrusion 22 (refer to FIG. 2), and the second protrusion (refer to FIG. 2) at least with the main platform The position corresponding to the part 21. That is, there is no need to make the entire platform 20 a two-layer structure. However, in order to effectively use the upper surface of the platform 20, it is better to arrange the second top wall 120a and the second outer peripheral wall 120c so that all areas of the main platform portion 21, the first protruding portion 22, and the second protruding portion 23 are two layers structure.

In this way, the platform 20 has a two-layer structure, so that the mechanical strength of the platform 20 can be improved, and the platform 20 can be loaded with heavier items. As a result, when the parts are transported from the construction dock of the offshore equipment construction to the construction site, that is, the sea area, the offshore equipment can be used for the transportation of more or heavier parts. Here, the case where the platform 20 has a two-layer structure has been described, but the platform 20 may be composed of three or more layers.

Next, the construction method of offshore equipment using the offshore operation equipment 1 of this form will be described by taking the case where the offshore equipment is an offshore wind power generation equipment as an example.

First, various parts such as windmill components of offshore wind power generation equipment and offshore operation equipment 1 are moved from the construction wharf for construction to the sea area, which is the construction site. The movement of the offshore operation equipment 1 is performed by raising the feet 10 relative to the platform 20, and the offshore operation equipment 1 is towed by a towing vessel while the platform 20 is floating on the sea level. At this time, the platform 20 is equipped with parts for offshore wind power generation equipment. As long as the platform 20 has a space that can carry the parts of one offshore wind power generation equipment and has mechanical strength, the movement of the parts of the offshore wind power generation equipment does not require a ship for parts transportation.

After the parts of the offshore wind power generation equipment and the offshore operation equipment 1 are moved, the foot post 10 of the offshore operation equipment 1 is lowered relative to the platform 20 so that the foot post 10 touches the seabed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, the foot post 10 is lowered until the platform 20 is above the sea level. Therefore, offshore wind power generation equipment can be constructed without being affected by the conditions of the seahorse.

After the foot post 10 touches the seabed, use the crane 30 to suspend the parts on the platform 20, and use the crane 30 to enter Assembly of offshore wind power equipment. The crane 30 is mounted on the first protruding part 22, so that the working range of the crane 30 is further expanded, so that it can be assembled smoothly.

After the offshore wind power generation equipment is assembled, the foot post 10 is raised relative to the platform 20 again, and the offshore operation equipment 1 is returned to the construction wharf by the towing vessel.

It is also possible to connect a plurality of offshore equipment 1 to be used as a construction wharf for offshore equipment construction for loading and unloading or assembling parts of offshore equipment. Figure 5 shows a top view of a construction wharf using multiple offshore operation equipment 1.

The construction wharf shown in FIG. 5 is to connect three offshore equipment 1 to the platform 20 to carry out the loading and unloading or assembly of the parts of the offshore equipment. The crane 30 is mounted on the first protrusion 22, so a wider platform space can be secured. In addition, the offshore operation equipment 1 is arranged in such a way that the cranes 30 are located at different positions, so that even when a plurality of cranes 30 operate at the same time, they will not interfere with each other.

The construction dock can be set up in each project. The offshore operation equipment 1 is used as a construction wharf. Therefore, when the terminal operation is completed, the offshore operation equipment 1 can be directly moved to the offshore equipment construction sea area to carry out the construction of the offshore equipment. The construction dock can be used as permanent equipment. In this way, the offshore operation equipment 1 is used as a construction wharf, which can replace the harbor equipment for offshore equipment, and can set up a construction wharf at low cost and in a short period of time.

In the foregoing, representative embodiments of the present invention have been exemplified. Offshore operation equipment to which the present invention belongs Equipment 1, with a main platform 21 and a foot post 10, and for existing offshore operation equipment such as jack-up platforms or elevating drilling devices, add a first protrusion 21 and a crane 30, or add a second protrusion as required Section 23 can be constructed in this way. "Existing offshore operation equipment" means that it has the function as the purpose of the offshore operation equipment, and already assembled offshore operation equipment, the offshore operation equipment 1 in this form can be used for offshore operation equipment. Consists of the transformation of operating equipment.

Generally speaking, existing offshore operation equipment such as jack-up platforms and elevating drilling devices have: elevating feet, and platforms that can be raised and lowered relative to the feet and supported (equivalent to the above-mentioned offshore equipment in this form) The main platform part 21 in the work equipment 1).

Therefore, the existing offshore operation equipment is used (reconstructed) to form the offshore operation equipment to which the present invention belongs, whereby the foot post and platform of the existing offshore operation equipment structure can be used to form the foot post 10 and the main platform part 21, respectively. . Therefore, offshore operation equipment can be obtained more easily and with a short construction period, and as a result, the cost of offshore operation equipment can be greatly reduced. In particular, the existing lifting drilling device is used to form the offshore operation equipment 1, and then a kind of offshore operation equipment can be obtained more easily and in a short period of time. The construction is carried out stably without being affected by waves.

In addition, the elevating drilling device has on-board excavation equipment, which can carry out oil or natural gas excavation operations in the state of bottoming offshore. The excavation equipment on board is mounted on the cantilever set on the platform. However, the cantilever is moved on the platform by a driving mechanism, and excavation is performed at a position protruding from the platform. In order to support the overall load of the cantilever including the driving mechanism and the excavation equipment on the ship, the platform has internal strength members such as partition walls that have the necessary strength as a support structure.

This form focuses on this point, and when constructing the first protrusion 22, the cantilever support structure of the existing elevating drilling device is used. That is, the first protrusion 22 is supported by the cantilever support structure, and the autonomous platform 21 protrudes. Here, "cantilever support structure" refers to the above-mentioned support structure that has a platform for supporting the load of the entire cantilever including the drive mechanism and the excavation equipment on the ship. Specifically, it is a strength member that has the necessary strength to support the entire cantilever. For example, the partition wall. In this way, using the original support structure of the elevating drilling device, the first protrusion 22 has sufficient mechanical strength to carry the crane 30 that can lift heavy structures such as the casing of offshore wind power generation equipment, so there is no need to renew Additional strength members can be combined with the original strength members, making it easier to add. As a result, the cost of equipment to achieve offshore operations is greatly reduced.

In addition, when the cantilever support structure of the elevating drilling device is used to form the first protrusion 22 as described above, the cantilever of the elevating drilling device and the shipboard excavation equipment are removed, and the first protrusion 22 is formed on the cantilever support structure. , On which a crane 30 is mounted. Therefore, the offshore work equipment 1 no longer functions as an excavating device.

In addition, when the platform 20 has a multi-layer structure in order to improve the mechanical strength of the platform 20, the top wall with higher mechanical strength than the existing top wall is generally replaced. However, in general, various structures such as electric wires and water supply and drainage pipes are installed on the lower surface of the top wall. Therefore, in the case of replacing the top wall, these structures must also be replaced together. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the top wall 20a is left, and the second top wall 120a is arranged above it, and the existing electric wires and water supply and drainage pipes can be utilized. As a result, the construction period of the offshore operation equipment 1 can be shortened, and Avoid rising construction costs.

10‧‧‧Pole

20‧‧‧Platform

20a‧‧‧Top wall

21‧‧‧Main Platform Department

22‧‧‧The first protrusion

23‧‧‧Second protrusion

30‧‧‧Crane

Claims (7)

An offshore operation equipment, which has: 3 or more foot posts; a platform, which is composed of a floating structure and is supported in a manner that can be raised and lowered relative to the foot post; and a crane, which is mounted on the platform; the platform has: The main platform part with the foot post and the protruding part formed by protruding from the main platform part; the offshore operation equipment is attached to the elevating type with the main platform part and the foot post, but the cantilever and excavating equipment have been removed The drilling device is composed of the protrusion and the crane; the protrusion uses a cantilever support structure, and the upper surface of the protrusion is on the same plane as the upper surface of the main platform. The main platform part; the crane is mounted on the protruding part. For example, the offshore operation equipment in the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the platform further has a second protrusion formed by a floating structure. For example, the offshore operation equipment of item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second protrusion is formed by protruding from the main platform in a shape that does not exceed the width of the main platform. For example, the offshore operation equipment of item 2 or 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second protrusion is formed by protruding from the main platform and has a shape described later: the second protrusion and the main platform are combined The shape is a boat whose width expands from the bow side to the stern side. For example, the offshore operation equipment of any one of items 1 to 3 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the platform has a top wall, a bottom wall, an outer peripheral wall and a partition wall; The platform forms an internal space; the internal space is divided into a plurality of partitions by the partition wall. For example, the offshore operation equipment of item 5 of the scope of patent application, which further has: a second top wall arranged above the top wall, and a second top wall that supports the second top wall at a distance from the top wall The second outer peripheral wall and the second partition wall. A manufacturing method of offshore operation equipment, comprising: preparing an elevating drilling device, the elevating drilling device has: 3 or more foot posts, a main platform configured with the foot posts and supported in a manner that can be raised and lowered relative to the foot posts Part, and the cantilever supported by the main platform part by the supporting structure and the excavating equipment arranged on the cantilever; remove the cantilever and the excavating equipment from the lift-type drilling device; form the project by protruding from the main platform part The protruding part is attached to the main platform part by using the supporting structure and the upper surface of the protruding part is on the same plane as the upper surface of the main platform part; and the crane is mounted on the protruding part.

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