TWI734037B - Real estate holding and inheritance calculation management system - Google Patents
Real estate holding and inheritance calculation management system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI734037B TWI734037B TW107134536A TW107134536A TWI734037B TW I734037 B TWI734037 B TW I734037B TW 107134536 A TW107134536 A TW 107134536A TW 107134536 A TW107134536 A TW 107134536A TW I734037 B TWI734037 B TW I734037B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- real estate
- inheritance
- data
- text
- management system
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Abstract
Description
本發明關於一種計算管理系統,特別是一種不動產持分與繼承計算管理系統。The present invention relates to a calculation management system, in particular to a real estate holding and inheritance calculation management system.
隨著健康醫療水平的提高,人類的平均壽命也不斷增加。老齡化的社會衍伸出了很多困擾。除了一般常聽到的就養、長照等問題外,另一個相當擾人但不為大眾所討論的就是繼承問題,尤其是不動產的因繼承發生共有關係問題。With the improvement of the level of health care, the average life expectancy of human beings is also increasing. The aging society has brought out a lot of troubles. In addition to the commonly heard issues such as child-raising and long-term photos, another issue that is quite disturbing but not discussed by the general public is the issue of inheritance, especially the issue of co-ownership of real estate due to inheritance.
試想,當土地與其上建物的所有權還在第一代手裡,他的子孫可能衍生到第三、第四代。當該第一代被繼承人離世後,其所屬衍生到第三、第四代中也有繼承人過世,發生再轉繼承關係,其標的不動產要進行辦理繼承時,常發生繼承習慣不同分配權利不同、輩份不同分配所得不同,其所應得之應繼分也因而不同,計算難度變得相當複雜外;還需搭配戶籍謄本檢視配偶是否離婚、發生收養、終止收養、出境、死亡、未成年代理人、監護宣告、戶籍住所不明、比被繼承人早過世…等問題,尤其當共有人辦理公同共有繼承關係後,除非經戶籍謄本比對,製作出繼承系統表,否則無法得知個別的潛在應繼分;不動產計算及製作過程相關的繼承人可能少則數十人,多則可到數百人以上,人工比對著實相當困難,除前述之情形外,需套用民法繼承法規辦理,更要搭配地政繼承登記規則,如台灣光復以前者(民國34年10月24日以前)依繼承習慣辦理,分家產繼承跟私產繼承兩種;台灣光復後(民國34年10月25日以後)至74年6月4日以前者,依修正前之民法親屬、繼承兩編及其施行法規定辦理,婚生子女與養子女應繼分計算方式不同,民國74年6月5日以後者,應依現行民法親屬、繼承兩編暨其施行法規定辦理,需先判斷繼承順位,再進一步判斷有無繼承權利關係;因此想辦理土地分割或整合,成了一條艱辛的路;不動產共有人變成空有不動產持分,卻無法因而實質受益及有效發揮經濟利用;對於不動產可能利用之經濟價值及公共共同利益之維持是一種損害;更長遠看,對國家土地管理及利用發展都是不利,且對共有人而言,不動產未能有效利用或得到經濟利益,依法仍然還需繳納相關稅捐。因此,對於此種共有不動產急需要快速、正確的解決方式。依前述,共有不動產就僅計算每個在世繼承人的對應持分,就有一定的複雜難度。Just imagine, when the ownership of the land and the buildings on it is still in the hands of the first generation, his descendants may be derived from the third and fourth generations. When the first generation of deceased dies, the third and fourth generations of the deceased from which they belonged have passed away, and a re-inheritance relationship occurs. When the target real estate needs to be inherited, it often happens that the inheritance habits are different and the distribution rights are different. Different distributions of income are different, and their due diligence is also different, and the calculation becomes very complicated. It is also necessary to check whether the spouse is divorced, adopted, terminated, exited, died, and underage surrogate. , Guardianship declaration, unknown household registration address, death earlier than the deceased... and other issues, especially when the co-owner handles the common-share inheritance relationship, unless the household register transcript is compared and the inheritance system table is made, it is impossible to know the individual potential application Subsequent division; the heirs related to the real estate calculation and production process may be as few as dozens, and as many as hundreds of people. Manual comparison is really difficult. In addition to the aforementioned circumstances, civil law inheritance regulations must be applied, and even more must be matched. Land administration inheritance registration rules, such as those before Taiwan’s restoration (before October 24, Republic of China), follow the inheritance custom, separate family property inheritance and private property inheritance; after Taiwan's restoration (after October 25, Republic of China) to 74 years Before June 4th, in accordance with the pre-amendment of the Civil Law, the Family and Inheritance Two Chapters and its enforcement law, the calculation method of the division between legitimate children and adopted children is different. After June 5, 1974, the current The two chapters of relatives and inheritance of the civil law and its implementation law require first to determine the order of inheritance, and then to further determine whether there is a relationship of inheritance rights; therefore, it has become a difficult road to handle land division or integration; real estate co-owners have become vacant real estate holdings , But it is unable to substantially benefit and effectively utilize economic use; it is a kind of damage to the economic value of real estate that may be used and the maintenance of common common interests; in the longer term, it is detrimental to the country’s land management and utilization and development, and to the co-owners , Real estate cannot be used effectively or economic benefits are obtained, and relevant taxes are still required to be paid in accordance with the law. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a quick and correct solution to this kind of shared real estate. According to the foregoing, it is complicated to calculate the corresponding holding points of each surviving heir in a shared real estate.
通常,這樣的問題最後只能訴諸法院,法官在要求公平公正的條件下,為每個繼承人判決其應得持分。在這個過程中,原告要不遺漏地梳理被繼承人遺留的不動產持有情況,並了解被繼承人與繼承人間的關係,法院也要費時的重複比對。有必要還得刪除,不符合民法規定身分的人參與繼承。為了完成這些作業,法院請原告補正被告相關資料,再向戶政、地政機關取得所有的書面資料,並依照其內容羅列親屬關係,並製作繼承系統表,以便能讓法官依物之使用情形、物之經濟效用、全體共有人之利益,做出適當之判決,以保障所有繼承人的權益。然而這類訴訟通常人數眾多,光開庭的送達通知就需提前3-4個月作業,若是在訴訟過程中有繼承人過世,發生繼承關係改變被告也會變動,持分應繼分面積也會變動,判決就不一定正確。更重要的是若是前項問題發生,原告難即時檢視全部資料之正確性,或因疏漏非將全體繼承人列為被告,這樣的判決已成為無效之判決。如此一來,不但浪費訴訟資源,也讓所有繼承人無法安心及有效解決共有土地之問題。此外,我們也不排除因人為錯誤,準備資料或過程中資料繕打錯誤,發生了判決疏漏或錯誤的情形,將而衍伸出更多的問題。Usually, such a problem can only be appealed to the court in the end, and the judge, under the conditions of fairness and justice, decides for each heir the points he deserves. In this process, the plaintiff must carefully sort out the holdings of the real estate left by the deceased, and understand the relationship between the deceased and the heirs, and the court will also need to time-consuming repeated comparisons. It must be deleted if necessary, and those who do not meet the requirements of the civil law participate in the inheritance. In order to complete these tasks, the court asked the plaintiff to supplement the defendant's relevant information, and then obtain all the written information from the household registration and land administration agencies, and list the kinship according to its content, and make an inheritance system table so that the judge can use the situation according to the property, Appropriate judgments shall be made on the economic utility of the property and the interests of all co-owners to protect the rights and interests of all heirs. However, such litigation usually has a large number of people, and the notice of service of the court session needs to be handled 3-4 months in advance. If the heir dies during the litigation process, the defendant will also change if the inheritance relationship changes, and the area of the points that should be held will also change. The verdict is not necessarily correct. More importantly, if the preceding problem occurs, it is difficult for the plaintiff to check the correctness of all the information immediately, or all heirs are not listed as defendants due to omissions. Such a judgment has become an invalid judgment. This not only wastes litigation resources, but also prevents all heirs from reassuring and effectively solving the problem of common land. In addition, we also do not rule out that due to human errors, errors in the preparation of information, or in the process of data tampering, omissions or errors in judgments will occur, which will cause more problems.
由於法院補正的土地謄本及戶籍謄本相關資料(紙本)可以因需求而向公機關申請,只要有相應的系統能進行資料整理及動態調整,以上的錯誤問題發生,是可以達到相當程度地減少,也減少需花費人力耗時比對、計算、查核、寄送書狀地址繕打。然而依現有的系統,目前沒有這樣的解決方案。Since the land transcript and household registration transcript (paper) supplemented and corrected by the court can be applied to the public agency according to demand, as long as there is a corresponding system for data sorting and dynamic adjustment, the occurrence of the above errors can be reduced to a considerable extent. , It also reduces the manpower and time-consuming comparisons, calculations, checks, and pleading addresses. However, according to the existing system, there is currently no such solution.
本段文字提取和編譯本發明的某些特點。其它特點將被揭露於後續段落中。其目的在涵蓋附加的申請專利範圍之精神和範圍中,各式的修改和類似的排列。This paragraph of text extracts and compiles certain features of the present invention. Other features will be revealed in subsequent paragraphs. Its purpose is to cover the spirit and scope of the additional patent application, various modifications and similar arrangements.
本發明揭露一種不動產持分與繼承計算管理系統,以滿足上述需求。該系統包含:一光學字元識別模組,該光學字元識別模組對至少一不動產證明文件及與該至少一不動產證明文件揭示的不動產的一已過世所有人相關之繼承人與本人的戶籍謄本進行掃描,並將掃描結果進行辨識以獲得至少一個不動產證明文件辨識文字檔及至少一戶籍謄本辨識文字檔;及一計算管理模組,包含:一關鍵字搜尋單元,該關鍵字搜尋單元以一第一關鍵字組中的關鍵字,取得該不動產證明文件辨識文字檔中接續於該些關鍵字後的複數個第一文字資料,及以一第二關鍵字組中的關鍵字,取得該戶籍謄本辨識文字檔中接續於該些關鍵字後的複數個第二文字資料,其中該些第一文字資料至少包含一不動產面積資料,該些第二文字資料至少包含一父母資料、一出生別資料及一姓名資料;一資料庫單元,該資料庫單元儲存前述第一關鍵字組與第二關鍵字組,並依照對應關係系統化儲存該至少一不動產證明文件辨識文字檔、該至少一戶籍謄本辨識文字檔、該些第一文字資料與該些第二文字資料;一持分與繼承計算單元,該持分與繼承計算單元依照該父母資料、該出生別資料及該姓名資料建立所有繼承人與該不動產證明文件中已過世所有人的親屬關係,並依照民法有關繼承人繼承持分規定,依該不動產面積資料計算所有繼承人對該至一不動產證明文件揭示的該至少一不動產的持分比例及持分總量;及一輸出單元,該輸出單元由該第一文字資料與該第二文字資料中,依照一輸出檔案格式選取對應資料填入後,製成一輸出檔案。The present invention discloses a real estate holding points and inheritance calculation management system to meet the above requirements. The system includes: an optical character recognition module, the optical character recognition module for at least one real estate certification document and the at least one real estate certification document reveals a deceased owner of the real estate related heirs and personal household registration transcripts Scan, and identify the scan results to obtain at least one identification text file of real estate certification document and at least one identification text file of household registration transcript; and a calculation management module, including: a keyword search unit, the keyword search unit The keywords in the first keyword group are obtained to obtain the plural first text data following the keywords in the identification text file of the real estate certification document, and the transcript of the household registration is obtained by the keywords in a second keyword group Identify the plural second text data following the keywords in the text file, where the first text data includes at least one real estate area data, and the second text data includes at least one parent data, one birth data, and one Name data; a database unit that stores the aforementioned first keyword group and second keyword group, and systematically stores the identification text file of the at least one real estate certification document and the identification text of the at least one household registration transcript according to the corresponding relationship File, the first text data and the second text data; a holding point and inheritance calculation unit, the holding point and inheritance calculation unit establishes all heirs and the real estate certification documents according to the parent information, the birth category information, and the name information The relative relationship of the owner of the deceased, and in accordance with the provisions of the civil law on the inheritance holdings of the heirs, calculate all the heirs’ holdings of the at least one real estate and the total holdings of the at least one real estate disclosed in the real estate certification document according to the real estate area data; and an output unit The output unit selects and fills in corresponding data from the first text data and the second text data according to an output file format, and then forms an output file.
最好,該計算管理模組可進一步包含一資料加解密單元,該資料加解密單元將儲存入該資料庫單元的資料加密,並在資料讀出時解密。Preferably, the calculation management module may further include a data encryption and decryption unit, the data encryption and decryption unit encrypts the data stored in the database unit, and decrypts the data when the data is read.
最好,該不動產證明文件可為土地登記謄本或建物登記謄本。Preferably, the real estate certification document can be a land registration transcript or a building registration transcript.
最好,該第一關鍵字組中的關鍵字可為共有人姓名、身分證字號、登記地址、地段號、登記次序、歷次取得年月、歷次取得權利範圍、總權利範圍、換算持分面積及其他登記事項。Preferably, the keywords in the first keyword group can be the name of the co-owner, ID number, registration address, lot number, registration sequence, previous acquisition year and month, previous acquisition scope, total scope of rights, converted holding area, and Other registration items.
最好,該第二關鍵字組中的關鍵字可為姓名、國民身分證統一編號、戶籍地址、出生日期、父、母、出生別、配偶及記事。Preferably, the keywords in the second keyword group can be name, uniform number of national identity card, household address, date of birth, father, mother, birth category, spouse and memo.
最好,繼承人過世可由記事中包含的死亡或歿的文字,或戶籍謄本中的除戶文字來確定。Preferably, the death of the heir can be determined by the text of death or death contained in the memo, or the text of the removal of the household in the household register transcript.
最好,若該至少一不動產證明文件揭示的不動產的所有人有複數個,僅以其中一份來計算該至少一不動產的持分比例。Preferably, if there are multiple owners of the real estate disclosed in the at least one real estate certification document, only one of them is used to calculate the share ratio of the at least one real estate.
最好,該出生別格式可為順序文字+性別文字,其中順序文字為長、次或由三開始的國字數字,性別文字為男或女。Preferably, the birth-specific format can be sequential text + gender text, where the sequential text is long, second or national character numbers starting from three, and the gender text is male or female.
最好,若第二文字資料中一性別文字前的順序文字遇缺,該持分與繼承計算單元可發出一繼承人資料欠缺訊息。Preferably, if the sequential character before a gender character in the second character data is missing, the holding point and inheritance calculation unit can send a heir information missing message.
最好,該輸出檔案格式可為持分面積表格式、繼承系統表格式、被告所有權人名冊格式、土地謄本其他登記事項格式、繼承人名冊格式、或公同共有之所有權人資料格式。Preferably, the format of the output file can be in the format of the area of ownership table, the format of the inheritance system table, the format of the defendant's owner's register, the format of other registration items of the land transcript, the format of the heir's register, or the format of the owner's data in common ownership.
最好,該持分比例包含應繼分及特留分。Preferably, the percentage of holding points includes successive points and special points.
由於本系統利用轉化後的不動產證明文件與戶籍謄本進行文字分析及繼承關係運算,可減少因紙本文件內容複雜而造成的繼承訴訟中的不便影響,滿足前述需求。同時,因為有資料加解密單元的設計,可保本系統的個資不外洩。Since this system uses the converted real estate certification documents and household registration transcripts for text analysis and inheritance relationship calculations, it can reduce the inconvenience of inheritance litigation caused by the complexity of paper documents and meet the aforementioned needs. At the same time, because of the design of the data encryption and decryption unit, the personal information of the system can not be leaked.
本發明將藉由參照下列的實施方式而更具體地描述。The present invention will be described more specifically by referring to the following embodiments.
請見圖1至圖4。圖1為依照本發明實施例的一種不動產持分與繼承計算管理系統10之方框圖,圖2為一戶籍謄本之示例,圖3為依照本發明所產生的親屬關係圖,圖4為一持分面積表示例。依照本發明,該不動產持分與繼承計算管理系統10(以下簡稱本系統10)主要包含一光學字元識別模組100及一計算管理模組200,計算管理模組200又包含了一關鍵字搜尋單元210、一資料庫單元220、一資料加解密單元230、一持分與繼承計算單元240及一輸出單元250。前述個要件的功能與互動方式將於下方說明。Please see Figure 1 to Figure 4. Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a real estate holding points and inheritance
光學字元識別模組100可對至少一不動產證明文件,及與該至少一不動產證明文件揭示的不動產的一已過世所有人的相關之繼承人與本人的戶籍謄本進行掃描,並將掃描結果進行辨識以獲得至少一個不動產證明文件辨識文字檔及至少一戶籍謄本辨識文字檔。由於地政機關提供的不動產證明文件與戶政機關提供的戶籍謄本都是紙本,是故在進行後續分析作業時,要先將「圖檔」轉化為「文字檔」,「文字檔」中的文字才可交由後續對應元件處理。在此,不動產證明文件可以是土地登記謄本或建物登記謄本,也就是說本系統10可應用於土地及其上的建物,並不偏向土地。而進行光學字元辨識後的土地登記謄本或建物登記謄本本文,就成了不動產證明文件辨識文字檔的內容文字。由於過世的被繼承人可能擁有多筆不動產,本系統10可分開對其一筆一筆處理,也可以統一處理,分件輸出對應報表。就身分關係來說,要證明與已過世所有人(以下簡稱被繼承人)間是否有繼承關係,就需要由對應的戶籍謄本來追蹤。將戶籍謄本中的文字擷取有助於系統化找尋繼承關係,也免於人為目視時所發生的誤判情況。前述的擷取文字就成了戶籍謄本辨識文字檔內容。The optical
計算管理模組200是本系統10用來確認繼承關係、計算繼承持分及輸出法院需要的報表的元件。其中,關鍵字搜尋單元210可以一第一關鍵字組中的關鍵字,取得該不動產證明文件辨識文字檔中接續於該些關鍵字後的複數個第一文字資料,及以一第二關鍵字組中的關鍵字,取得該戶籍謄本辨識文字檔中接續於該些關鍵字後的複數個第二文字資料。這裡,第一關鍵字組內的關鍵字是以法院需要的表單中相關資料獲取來源而設定,目標來自不動產證明文件。在本實施例中第一關鍵字組內的關鍵字包含了共有人姓名、身分證字號、登記地址、地段號、登記次序、歷次取得年月、歷次取得權利範圍、總權利範圍、換算持分面積及其他登記事項,其對應的資料,比如對應共有人姓名的”丁父”、”丁叔”等,都是第一文字資料(每一第一文字資料對應一不動產證明文件的一個文字區段)中。同樣的,第二關鍵字組內的關鍵字也是以法院需要的表單中相關資料獲取來源而設定,但目標則是來自戶籍謄本。在本實施例中第二關鍵字組中的關鍵字為姓名、國民身分證統一編號、戶籍地址、出生日期、父、母、出生別、配偶及記事。但要注意的是,由於繼承人必須判定其是否在世,故由戶籍謄本中找出相關說明以佐證其存活與否非常重要。故在這種要求下,繼承人過世可由記事中包含的死亡或歿的文字,或戶籍謄本中的除戶文字來確定。例如圖2中的「除戶部分」及記事中的說明都可間接及直接知道有繼承人身分的丁大已死亡。在戶籍謄本中,這些認定死亡的文字,包含法院宣告自然人死亡的文字,都有既定格式,可於關鍵字搜尋單元210中設定來判斷。從圖2中還可以看到第二關鍵字組中的關鍵字,其後或接續於該些關鍵字後的文字便是所要尋找的第二文字資料。比如以「國民身分證統一編號」關鍵字可以取得「L111222333」的第二文字資料。要注意的是,依照本發明,第一文字資料與第二文字資料可有很多種不同屬性(以不同關鍵字所取得的文字資料就有不同屬性),該些第一文字資料中至少包含一不動產面積資料,該些第二文字資料中至少包含一父母資料、一出生別資料及一姓名資料。這些資料關係到之後的運算處理。The
資料庫單元220可儲存前述第一關鍵字組與第二關鍵字組。此外,資料庫單元220並可依照對應關係系統化儲存該至少一不動產證明文件辨識文字檔、該至少一戶籍謄本辨識文字檔、該些第一文字資料與該些第二文字資料。也就是說,同一份不動產證明文件辨識文字檔中的第一文字資料會被關聯性地儲存,以便知道那些第一文字資料來自於一特定的不動產證明文件辨識文字檔。同樣地,同一份戶籍謄本辨識文字檔中的第二文字資料會被關聯性地儲存,以便知道那些第二文字資料來自於一特定的戶籍謄本辨識文字檔。The
由於考量資料庫單元220內的資料都是極其私密的個資,不小心洩漏可能會造成無可彌補的財產損失,所以必須有資料加解密單元230來保護資料庫單元220內的資料。資料加解密單元230可將儲存入資料庫單元220的資料加密,並在資料讀出時解密。資料加解密單元230對資料採用的加密方法並不限制。舉例而言,可以使用對稱密鑰加密的DES演算法。由於資料庫單元220通常內建於一台電腦或伺服器主機的硬碟中。若是該設備被非法入侵,甚至是硬碟被盜走,竊盜所能得到的資料只是妹加密過的密文。而資料加解密單元230無法在不被合法授權使用本系統10(比如利用帳號密碼登錄手段)的情況下,不能被驅動。Since the data in the
持分與繼承計算單元240依照前述的父母資料、出生別資料及姓名資料建立所有繼承人與該不動產證明文件中已過世所有人的親屬關係。請見圖3,該圖即是在將所有戶籍謄本取出相關的資料後,建立的親屬關係表。在此,出生別格式為順序文字+性別文字,其中順序文字為長、次或由三開始的國字數字,性別文字為男或女。比如性別文字為男時,出生別依序是長男、次男、三男、四男…;性別文字為女時,出生別依序是長女、次女、三女、四女…。若第二文字資料中一性別文字前的順序文字遇缺,則持分與繼承計算單元240會發出一繼承人資料欠缺訊息(比如以文字訊息呈現於一連接本系統10之螢幕(未繪示)或顯現於輸出報表中)。為了對此有較佳的理解,請見圖3。當在創建該親屬關係表時,少了丁三的資料。由於持分與繼承計算單元240知道被繼承人有長子與三子,便會需要操作者提出與次子相關的戶籍謄本資料,無論其是生是死,不然繼承的關係與相關不動產持分難以獲得。此時,持分與繼承計算單元240便會發出該繼承人資料欠缺訊息。由圖2的戶籍謄本示例亦可知,一位關係人只能知其父母,但可能無法知其兒女(比如成家後除戶),親屬關係表基本上是建立在向上連結而獲得的。上述功能也是為了彌補這種問題而設置的。The holding points and inheritance calculation unit 240 establishes the relative relationship between all heirs and the deceased owner in the real estate certification document according to the aforementioned parent information, birth category information, and name information. Please see Figure 3. This figure is the kinship table established after all the household registration transcripts have been taken out of the relevant information. Here, the format of birth type is sequential text + gender text, where the sequential text is long, second or national character numbers starting from three, and the gender text is male or female. For example, when the gender character is male, the order of birth is eldest, second, third, fourth...; when the gender is female, the order of birth is eldest, second, third, fourth.... If the sequential text before a gender text in the second text data is missing, the holding point and inheritance calculation unit 240 will send a heir data missing message (for example, a text message is displayed on a screen connected to the system 10 (not shown) or Appears in the output report). In order to have a better understanding of this, please see Figure 3. When creating the kinship table, Ding San's information was missing. Since the holding points and inheritance calculation unit 240 knows that the deceased has the eldest son and the third son, the operator is required to submit the household registration transcripts related to the second son, whether it is life or death, otherwise the inheritance relationship and relevant real estate holding points are difficult to obtain. At this time, the holding points and inheritance calculation unit 240 will send a message that the heir data is lacking. From the example of household registration transcript in Figure 2, it can be seen that a related person can only know his parents, but may not know his children (such as removing the household after getting married). The kinship table is basically obtained by establishing an upward link. The above functions are also set up to compensate for this problem.
此外,持分與繼承計算單元240也可依照民法有關繼承人繼承持分規定,依該不動產面積資料計算所有繼承人對該至少一不動產證明文件揭示的該至少一不動產的持分比例及持分總量。這裡所謂的民法,指的是中華民國民法;有關繼承人繼承持分規定如: 第 1138 條(法定繼承人及其順序) 遺產繼承人,除配偶外,依左列順序定之: 一、直系血親卑親屬。二、父母。三、兄弟姊妹。四、祖父母。 第 1144 條 (配偶之應繼分) 配偶有相互繼承遺產之權,其應繼分,依左列各款定之: 一、與第一千一百三十八條所定第一順序之繼承人同為繼承時,其應繼分與他繼承人平均。二、與第一千一百三十八條所定第二順序或第三順序之繼承人同為繼承時,其應繼分為遺產二分之一。三、與第一千一百三十八條所定第四順序之繼承人同為繼承時,其應繼分為遺產三分之二。四、無第一千一百三十八條所定第一順序至第四順序之繼承人時,其應繼分為遺產全部。 第 1223 條 (特留分之決定) 繼承人之特留分,依左列各款之規定: 一、直系血親卑親屬之特留分,為其應繼分二分之一。二、父母之特留分,為其應繼分二分之一。三、配偶之特留分,為其應繼分二分之一。四、兄弟姊妹之特留分,為其應繼分三分之一。五、 祖父母之特留分,為其應繼分三分之一。 由上可知,持分比例應包含應繼分及特留分。因中華民國民法繼承自日本民法,若要在台灣應用本系統10以解決日本因繼承而延伸的不動產問題,也可以其相關法條來設定本系統10運算,只是相關格式與使用文字要調整。是故,不動產的持分比例及持分總量可藉由前述規定而算出。要注意的是,若該至少一不動產證明文件揭示的不動產的所有人有複數個,僅以其中一份來計算該至少一不動產的持分比例。也就是說,如果有五個人公同共有一塊土地,那麼當一位共有人往生時,本系統10的持分與繼承計算單元240僅會以該土地的五分之一來計算繼承持分。In addition, the shareholding and inheritance calculation unit 240 can also calculate the shareholding ratio and total shareholding amount of the at least one real property disclosed by all heirs on the at least one real property certification document based on the real estate area data in accordance with the civil law related heirs' inherited shareholding regulations. The so-called civil law here refers to the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China; the relevant heirs' inheritance holdings are as follows: Article 1138 (legal heirs and their order) The inheritors, except for spouses, are determined in the following order: 1. Direct blood relatives and humble relatives. 2. Parents. 3. Brothers and sisters. 4. Grandparents. Article 1144 (Succession of Spouses) The spouses shall have the right to inherit each other's inheritance, and their division shall be determined in accordance with the following paragraphs: 1. Same as the heirs in the first order specified in Article 1138 At the time of inheritance, it shall be divided equally with his heirs. 2. When the heirs in the second or third order specified in Article 1138 are the same as the inheritance, they shall be successively divided into half of the estate. 3. When the heirs in the fourth order specified in Article 1138 are the same as the inheritance, the inheritance shall be divided into two thirds of the inheritance. 4. In the absence of heirs in the first to fourth orders as stipulated in Article 1138, they shall be successively divided into the entire estate. Article 1223 (Determination of Special Points) The special points of the heirs shall be in accordance with the provisions of the following paragraphs: 1. The special points of direct blood relatives and humble relatives shall be divided into half. 2. The parent's special reserve is one-half of the parent's continuity. 3. The special reserve of the spouse shall be one-half of the continuation of the spouse. 4. The special reserved points of brothers and sisters shall be divided into one-third for their subsequent points. 5. Grandparents' special reserve points are one-third of the points they should continue. It can be seen from the above that the percentage of holding points should include continued points and special points. Since the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China is inherited from the Civil Law of Japan, if the
輸出單元250由該第一文字資料與該第二文字資料中,依照一輸出檔案格式選取對應資料填入後,製成一輸出檔案。這裡,輸出檔案格式示法院在處理繼承案件所需要使用的文件之格式,比如持分面積表格式、繼承系統表格式、被告所有權人名冊格式、土地謄本其他登記事項格式、繼承人名冊格式、或公同共有之所有權人資料格式。以圖3的親屬關係表來說,加上持分與繼承計算單元240繼承關係判斷後的結果、身分證字號、出生日期即死亡日期後,便符合繼承系統表格式,是一個繼承系統表。同理,圖4的持分面積表也示遵循持分面積表格式,由第一文字資料與第二文字資料中擷取對應文字而製成。The
本發明因為可以很快計算得知最新的繼承關係以及繼承持分,當法官在審判繁雜的不動產繼承訴訟時,可當透過本系統10獲得最新、最正確的繼承關係,可免於開庭時若有資料更新而須擇日再開庭的麻煩。此外,本系統10計算出的繼承持分,可結合實際價值與相關法規,進一步算得每一位繼承人的遺產稅。The present invention can quickly calculate and know the latest inheritance relationship and inheritance points. When the judge is trying a complicated real estate inheritance litigation, he can obtain the latest and most correct inheritance relationship through the
在實作中,光學字元識別模組100與計算管理模組200可以都是硬體,比如光學字元識別模組100唯一可光學掃描並獲得示別字元的掃描器,而計算管理模組200是個伺服器或電腦,其下不同單元為特殊的外接板卡所實現。光學字元識別模組100與計算管理模組200也可以都是軟體,安裝於一台伺服器或電腦中,利用其中央處理器調動儲存在硬碟中的相關程式碼與資料來運作。光學字元識別模組100與計算管理模組200更可以是部分軟體與部分硬體的組合,端視其設計而不為本發明所限制。In implementation, the optical
以下以一個實例來說明本發明的運作。An example is given below to illustrate the operation of the present invention.
請復見圖3。在本例子中,丁父過世,他名下一塊100平方米的土地與該土地上一棟總面積300平方米的三層樓房要進行繼承。經過相關資料調閱蒐集(土地登記謄本、建物登記謄本及所有丁父親戚的戶籍謄本),獲知丁父有一位在世兄弟(沒有配偶亦無子嗣),是該些不動產的共有人。是故,持分與繼承計算單元240僅將50平方米的土地與150平方米的樓房用於繼承持分運算。此外,丁父的親戚有父丁爺(歿)、母丁黃奶、妻丁林媽、長子丁大(歿)、丁大妻王貳妹、丁大長子丁小男、丁大長女丁小女、長女丁二、次子丁三及三子丁四,丁小男、丁小女、丁二、丁三及丁四皆無婚嫁及子嗣。依照前述的法令規定,持分與繼承計算單元240算出繼承人(有繼承權的以粗黑框顯示)與繼承持分。其中丁林媽、丁二、丁三與丁四的應繼分皆為不動產的五分之一,特留分為應繼分的二分之一(總量十分之一),故皆可繼承10平方米的土地與30平方米的建物。王貳妹、丁小男與丁小女各自平分剩餘五分之一,即應繼分為十五分之一,且擁有三十分之一的特留分。也就是各自分到了3.33平方米的土地與10平方米的建物。Please refer to Figure 3. In this example, Father Ding has passed away, and a piece of land of 100 square meters under his name will be inherited from a three-story building with a total area of 300 square meters on the land. After reading and collecting relevant information (land registration transcripts, building registration transcripts, and household registration transcripts of all Ding’s fathers and relatives), it was learned that Ding’s father has a living brother (with no spouse and no children) who is the co-owner of the real estate. Therefore, the holding points and inheritance calculation unit 240 only uses 50 square meters of land and 150 square meters of buildings for inheritance holding points calculation. In addition, father D’s relatives include father Ding Ye (deceased), mother Ding Huangnai, wife Ding Lin’s mother, eldest son Ding Da (deceased), Ding Da’s wife Wang Ermei, Ding Da’s eldest son Ding Xiaonan, Ding Da’s eldest daughter Ding Xiaonu, and eldest daughter. Ding Er, the second son Ding San, and the third son Ding Si, Ding Xiaonan, Ding Xiaonv, Ding Er, Ding San and Ding Si have no marriage and no heirs. According to the aforementioned laws and regulations, the holding points and inheritance calculation unit 240 calculates the heirs (shown in thick black boxes with inheritance rights) and inheritance holding points. Among them, Ding Lin’s Ma, Ding Er, Ding San, and Ding Si are all one-fifth of the real estate, and the special reserve is one-half (one-tenth of the total), so all are acceptable. Inherit 10 square meters of land and 30 square meters of buildings. Wang Ermei, Ding Xiaonan and Ding Xiaonv each equally divide the remaining one-fifth, that is, they should be divided into one-fifteenths, and they have one-thirtieth special points. In other words, 3.33 square meters of land and 10 square meters of buildings were allocated.
雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to those defined by the attached patent scope.
10:不動產持分與繼承計算管理系統100:光學字元識別模組200:計算管理模組210:關鍵字搜尋單元220:資料庫單元230:資料加解密單元240:持分與繼承計算單元250:輸出單元10: Real estate holding points and inheritance calculation management system 100: optical character recognition module 200: calculation management module 210: keyword search unit 220: database unit 230: data encryption and decryption unit 240: holding points and inheritance calculation unit 250: output unit
圖1為依照本發明實施例的一種不動產持分與繼承計算管理系統之方框圖;圖2為一戶籍謄本之示例;圖3為依照本發明所產生的親屬關係圖;及圖4為一持分面積表示例。Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a real estate holding points and inheritance calculation management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an example of a household registration transcript; Fig. 3 is a relative relationship diagram generated according to the present invention; and Fig. 4 is a holding area table Example.
10:不動產持分與繼承計算管理系統 10: Real estate holdings and inheritance calculation management system
100:光學字元識別模組 100: Optical character recognition module
200:計算管理模組 200: Computing Management Module
210:關鍵字搜尋單元 210: Keyword Search Unit
220:資料庫單元 220: database unit
230:持分與繼承計算單元 230: Holding points and inheritance calculation unit
240:資料加解密單元 240: Data encryption and decryption unit
250:輸出單元 250: output unit
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW107134536A TWI734037B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Real estate holding and inheritance calculation management system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW107134536A TWI734037B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Real estate holding and inheritance calculation management system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW202013302A TW202013302A (en) | 2020-04-01 |
TWI734037B true TWI734037B (en) | 2021-07-21 |
Family
ID=71130424
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW107134536A TWI734037B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Real estate holding and inheritance calculation management system |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
TW (1) | TWI734037B (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1336604A (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-02-20 | 复旦大学 | Method and system of digitizing ancient Chinese books and automatizing the content search |
US20130188008A1 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2013-07-25 | Mv Patents, Llc | Generating Video Drive-By Data Corresponding to a Geographic Location and Related Three Dimensional Models |
US20140153787A1 (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2014-06-05 | Kofax, Inc. | Systems, methods and computer program products for determining document validity |
TW201600991A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-01-01 | 蘋果公司 | Wellness aggregator |
CN106104572A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2016-11-09 | 柯法克斯公司 | For identifying the system and method that document process and Business Works are integrated |
-
2018
- 2018-09-28 TW TW107134536A patent/TWI734037B/en active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1336604A (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-02-20 | 复旦大学 | Method and system of digitizing ancient Chinese books and automatizing the content search |
US20130188008A1 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2013-07-25 | Mv Patents, Llc | Generating Video Drive-By Data Corresponding to a Geographic Location and Related Three Dimensional Models |
US20140153787A1 (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2014-06-05 | Kofax, Inc. | Systems, methods and computer program products for determining document validity |
CN106104572A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2016-11-09 | 柯法克斯公司 | For identifying the system and method that document process and Business Works are integrated |
TW201600991A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-01-01 | 蘋果公司 | Wellness aggregator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW202013302A (en) | 2020-04-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Hardy et al. | Opening up government data for Big Data analysis and public benefit | |
US11488269B2 (en) | Blockchain-based system and method for listing document transformation and accountability | |
Shao et al. | Sources of influences on customers' trust in ride-sharing: why use experience matters? | |
O'Keefe et al. | Individual privacy versus public good: protecting confidentiality in health research | |
CN110909073A (en) | Method and system for sharing private data based on intelligent contracts | |
US11042668B1 (en) | System for preparing data for expert certification and monitoring data over time to ensure compliance with certified boundary conditions | |
Zarei et al. | Information security risk management for computerized health information systems in hospitals: a case study of Iran | |
US20120166347A1 (en) | Geospatial inconsistencies identification data system based on contractual rights and geographical network analysis | |
Macvean et al. | Facilitating the collaborative interface between child protection and specialist domestic violence services: A scoping review | |
Wheeler et al. | Cloud storage security: A practical guide | |
Plecas et al. | Evidence‐based solution to information sharing between law enforcement agencies | |
JP2019512128A (en) | System and method for calculating a trade-off between data confidentiality-utility | |
US20200311625A1 (en) | Determining a nexus score of digital assets | |
Shen | Blockchain technology and its applications in digital content copyright protection | |
Crossfield et al. | A data flow process for confidential data and its application in a health research project | |
Blum et al. | Digital dermatopathology: the time is now | |
Chen et al. | DCDChain: A credible architecture of digital copyright detection based on blockchain | |
TWI734037B (en) | Real estate holding and inheritance calculation management system | |
Donnelly et al. | Institutional distance, slack resources, and foreign market entry | |
Pandey et al. | Role of Technology Under Advancement of Industrialisation in Intellectual Property Rights | |
Hoti et al. | Protection and Exchange of Personal Data on the Web in the Registry of Civil Status | |
Willoughby et al. | Recommendations for reducing harm and improving quality of care for older people in residential respite care | |
US20120158704A1 (en) | Geospatial inconsistencies identification data system based on contractual rights and geographical network analysis | |
McKechnie | The use of the internet by courts and the judiciary: Findings from a study trip and supplementary research | |
Kaspero et al. | Criminal record privacy & the structural risks inherent within commercial storehouses in the consumer data industry |