TWI726893B - Bearer binding in the presence of a ue-to-network relay - Google Patents
Bearer binding in the presence of a ue-to-network relay Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關於在使用者設備至網路之中繼站存在之下的承載者綁定。 The present invention relates to the carrier binding under the existence of the relay station of the user equipment to the network.
無線網路可提供至行動通訊裝置諸如智慧型電話的聯網。聯網可經由無線電介面提供。典型地,裝置可經由屬於網路架構之一部分的接取點而連結至網路。舉例言之,裝置可透過細胞式站台而連結至細胞式網路,或透過WLAN接取點(例如,WiFi接取點)而連結至無線本地區域網路(WLAN)。 Wireless networks can provide networking to mobile communication devices such as smart phones. Networking can be provided via a radio interface. Typically, the device can be connected to the network via an access point that is part of the network architecture. For example, the device can be connected to a cellular network through a cellular site, or connected to a wireless local area network (WLAN) through a WLAN access point (for example, a WiFi access point).
有些技術可允許裝置彼此建立直接通訊路徑(例如,無需通過細胞式站台或WiFi接取點)。舉例言之,彼此鄰近的裝置可彼此探索及隨後彼此建立直接通訊路徑。直接通訊技術之實例包括如於技術報告「3GPP TR 22.703,群組服務及系統面向之技術規格;架構增強來支援相近服務(ProSe)之研究(發行版12)」(得自www.3gpp.org)中討論的WiFi Direct標準或直接通訊。 Some technologies allow devices to establish a direct communication path with each other (for example, without going through cellular stations or WiFi access points). For example, devices that are close to each other can explore each other and then establish a direct communication path with each other. Examples of direct communication technologies include, for example, in the technical report "3GPP TR 22.703, Technical Specifications for Group Services and Systems; Architecture Enhancement to Support ProSe) Research (Release 12)" (available from www.3gpp.org ) WiFi Direct standard or direct communication.
於某些情況下,行動通訊裝置可操作為其它行動 通訊裝置與無線網路間之中繼裝置。例如,第一行動通訊裝置可與無線網路建立直接連結,及與第二行動通訊裝置建立另一連結,該第二裝置例如位在該無線網路的覆蓋區外部。第一行動通訊裝置可進入中繼模態,藉由在第二行動通訊裝置與無線網路間中繼資訊而使得第二行動通訊裝置能夠與該無線電信網路通訊。 In some cases, the mobile communication device can be operated as another mobile Relay device between communication device and wireless network. For example, a first mobile communication device can establish a direct connection with a wireless network, and another connection with a second mobile communication device, for example, the second device is located outside the coverage area of the wireless network. The first mobile communication device can enter the relay mode, and the second mobile communication device can communicate with the wireless telecommunication network by relaying information between the second mobile communication device and the wireless network.
依據本發明之一實施例,係特地提出一種代理呼叫會話控制功能(P-CSCF)裝置,其包含:一第一網路介面裝置,該第一網路介面裝置用於經由一無線電信網路的一無線電接取網路(RAN)來與使用者設備裝置(UE)通訊;一第二網路介面裝置,該第二網路介面裝置用於與該無線電信網路之一策略及計費規則功能(CRF)裝置通訊;及用於進行下列動作的電路接收一會話起始協定(SIP)訊息,該SIP訊息包括該SIP訊息源自於一遠端UE的一第一指示,以該PCRF建立或修飾一Rx會話,及對應於該遠端UE之一通訊會話來經由該Rx會話來將一請求訊息傳送給該PCRF,該請求訊息包括至少一個媒體流的一描述。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a Proxy Call Session Control Function (P-CSCF) device is specifically proposed, which includes: a first network interface device for passing through a wireless telecommunication network A radio access network (RAN) to communicate with a user equipment device (UE); a second network interface device, the second network interface device is used to communicate with the wireless telecommunication network for a policy and billing Rules function (CRF) device communication; and the circuit for performing the following actions receives a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) message, the SIP message includes a first indication that the SIP message originated from a remote UE, and the PCRF An Rx session is established or modified, and a request message is sent to the PCRF through the Rx session corresponding to a communication session of the remote UE, and the request message includes a description of at least one media stream.
100‧‧‧環境 100‧‧‧Environment
110‧‧‧使用者設備(UE) 110‧‧‧User Equipment (UE)
115‧‧‧演進節點B(eNB) 115‧‧‧Evolved Node B (eNB)
120‧‧‧服務閘道器(SGW) 120‧‧‧Service Gateway (SGW)
125‧‧‧封包資料網路(PDN)閘道器(PGW) 125‧‧‧Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (PGW)
130‧‧‧行動管理實體(MME) 130‧‧‧Mobile Management Entity (MME)
135‧‧‧家庭用戶伺服器(HSS) 135‧‧‧Home User Server (HSS)
140‧‧‧策略及計費規則功能(PCRF) 140‧‧‧Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF)
150‧‧‧電話應用伺服器(TAS) 150‧‧‧Telephone Application Server (TAS)
155‧‧‧代理呼叫會話控制功能(P-CSCF) 155‧‧‧Proxy call session control function (P-CSCF)
300‧‧‧方法 300‧‧‧Method
310-370、4.1、4.2、4.4、4.6-4.8‧‧‧方塊 310-370, 4.1, 4.2, 4.4, 4.6-4.8‧‧‧Block
4.3、4.5‧‧‧線 4.3, 4.5‧‧‧ line
500‧‧‧電子裝置 500‧‧‧Electronic device
502‧‧‧應用電路 502‧‧‧Application Circuit
503‧‧‧儲存媒體 503‧‧‧Storage Media
504‧‧‧基頻電路 504‧‧‧Baseband circuit
504a-d‧‧‧基頻處理器 504a-d‧‧‧Baseband processor
504e‧‧‧中央處理單元(CPU) 504e‧‧‧Central Processing Unit (CPU)
504f‧‧‧音訊數位信號處理器(DSP) 504f‧‧‧Audio Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
504g‧‧‧記憶體/儲存裝置 504g‧‧‧Memory/Storage Device
506‧‧‧射頻(RF)電路 506‧‧‧Radio Frequency (RF) Circuit
506a‧‧‧混合器電路 506a‧‧‧Mixer circuit
506b‧‧‧放大器電路 506b‧‧‧Amplifier circuit
506c‧‧‧濾波器電路 506c‧‧‧Filter circuit
506d‧‧‧合成器電路 506d‧‧‧Synthesizer circuit
508‧‧‧前端模組(FEM)電路 508‧‧‧Front End Module (FEM) Circuit
560‧‧‧天線 560‧‧‧antenna
600‧‧‧裝置 600‧‧‧device
610‧‧‧處理器電路 610‧‧‧Processor circuit
620‧‧‧記憶體及/或儲存媒體 620‧‧‧Memory and/or storage media
630‧‧‧通訊介面 630‧‧‧Communication interface
640‧‧‧通訊電路 640‧‧‧Communication circuit
650‧‧‧輸入電路 650‧‧‧Input circuit
660‧‧‧輸出電路 660‧‧‧Output circuit
本文描述的實施例藉由後文詳細說明部分結合附圖將更明白瞭解。為了輔助本文描述,相似的元件符號可標示相似的結構元件。實施例係由附圖圖式舉例說明但非限制性。 The embodiments described herein will be more clearly understood through the detailed description part later in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. To assist the description herein, similar element symbols may indicate similar structural elements. The embodiment is illustrated by the drawings but not restrictive.
圖1為於其中可建置本文描述的系統及/或方法之系統 實例的略圖;圖2為可用來針對遠端使用者設備裝置(UE)建立一呼叫的裝置及介面實例的略圖;圖3為略圖例示針對遠端UE建立一呼叫之方法實例;圖4為順序流程圖例示針對遠端UE建立一呼叫之方法實例;圖5為針對一個實施例例示一電子裝置之組件實例;及圖6為一裝置之組件實例的略圖。 Figure 1 is a system in which the system and/or method described herein can be built Sketch of an example; Figure 2 is a sketch of an example of a device and interface that can be used to establish a call to a remote user equipment device (UE); Figure 3 is a sketch illustrating an example of a method of establishing a call to a remote UE; Figure 4 is a sequence The flowchart illustrates an example of a method for establishing a call for a remote UE; FIG. 5 illustrates an example of components of an electronic device for an embodiment; and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example of components of a device.
後文詳細說明部分參考附圖。於不同圖式中相同的元件符號可識別相同的或相似的元件。須瞭解不背離本文揭示之範圍可運用其它實施例且可做出結構上的或邏輯上的改變。因此,後文詳細說明部分絕非取為限制性意義,及實施例之範圍係由隨附之申請專利範圍及其相當範圍所界定。 The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same component symbols in different drawings can identify the same or similar components. It should be understood that other embodiments can be used and structural or logical changes can be made without departing from the scope disclosed herein. Therefore, the following detailed description is by no means taken as restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments is defined by the scope of the attached patent application and its equivalent scope.
使用者設備裝置(UE)可操作為一或多個UE(本文中稱作為遠端UE)與無線電信網路間之中繼裝置(本文中稱作為中繼UE或UE至網路中繼站)。然而,目前可用的中繼技術可能包括某些限制。例如,UE只能作為有限數目之UE的中繼裝置。 A user equipment device (UE) can operate as a relay device between one or more UEs (referred to herein as remote UEs) and a wireless telecommunication network (referred to herein as relaying UEs or UEs to a network relay station). However, currently available relay technologies may include certain limitations. For example, the UE can only act as a relay device for a limited number of UEs.
舉例言之,遠端UE可連結到中繼UE及透過無線電信網路的網際網路協定(IP)多媒體子系統(IMS)參與呼叫。每次遠端UE參與此種呼叫,無線電信網路可針對該呼 叫產生新的承載者。但因在任何一個時間中繼UE只能支援有限數目的承載者(例如,8個或11個,取決於建置的第三代夥伴計畫(3GPP)規格),故透過該中繼UE能夠參與呼叫的遠端UE之數目受限。因此,無線電信網路建立來自遠端UE的呼叫之方式可能限制中繼UE可支援的遠端UE之數目。 For example, the remote UE can be connected to the relay UE and participate in the call through the Internet Protocol (IP) Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) of the wireless telecommunication network. Every time a remote UE participates in such a call, the wireless telecommunication network can respond to the call Called to create a new bearer. However, because the relay UE can only support a limited number of bearers at any one time (for example, 8 or 11, depending on the third-generation partnership project (3GPP) specifications), the relay UE can The number of remote UEs participating in the call is limited. Therefore, the way in which the wireless telecommunication network establishes a call from a remote UE may limit the number of remote UEs that a relay UE can support.
本文描述的技術藉由使用由遠端UE起始的呼叫綁定至現有承載者而使得一中繼UE能夠支援大量遠端UE。舉例言之,一中繼UE可與一無線電信網路建立封包資料網路(PDN)連結,該無線電信網路可包括分配給該中繼UE的一承載者。遠端UE可連結到中繼UE,且可註冊於該無線電信網路的一IMS作為遠端UE。 The technology described herein enables a relay UE to support a large number of remote UEs by using a call initiated by a remote UE to bind to an existing bearer. For example, a relay UE may establish a packet data network (PDN) connection with a wireless telecommunication network, and the wireless telecommunication network may include a bearer assigned to the relay UE. The remote UE can be connected to the relay UE and can be registered with an IMS of the wireless telecommunication network as the remote UE.
遠端UE可透過該IMS起始一呼叫,其可包括給該IMS提供針對該呼叫的呼叫品質(例如,服務品質(QoS))。該IMS可給無線電信網路的一核心網路通知該呼叫及該呼叫相關聯的呼叫品質。核心網路可判定任何承載者(具有該呼叫品質)已經針對該中繼UE產生。若此種承載者目前不存在,則核心網路可產生一新承載者來因應該呼叫。相反地,若已經產生此種承載者,則核心網路可將該呼叫綁定至該現有承載者,及可修飾現有承載者來因應被加至該承載者的呼叫(及呼叫品質)。因此,藉由組合來自遠端UE的呼叫至相同承載者上,本文描述的技術可增加能夠由一中繼UE支援的遠端UE呼叫之數目。 The remote UE may initiate a call through the IMS, which may include providing the IMS with call quality (for example, quality of service (QoS)) for the call. The IMS can notify a core network of the wireless telecommunication network of the call and the call quality associated with the call. The core network can determine that any bearer (with the call quality) has been generated for the relay UE. If such a bearer does not currently exist, the core network can generate a new bearer to respond to the call. Conversely, if such a bearer has been created, the core network can bind the call to the existing bearer, and can modify the existing bearer to respond to the call (and call quality) added to the bearer. Therefore, by combining calls from remote UEs onto the same bearer, the techniques described herein can increase the number of remote UE calls that can be supported by a relay UE.
圖1為於其中可建置本文描述的系統及/或方法之環境100實例的略圖。環境100可包括使用者設備
(UE)110、一或多個無線電接取網路(RAN)、無線電信網路、及一或多個外部網路。無線電信網路可包括演進封包系統(EPS),其包括基於3GPP無線通訊標準操作的長期演進(LTE)網路及/或演進封包核心(EPC)網路。LTE網路可以是或可包括涵括一或多個站台的RAN,其中之部分或全部可呈演進節點B(eNB)115形式,透過該eNB 115,UE 110可與EPC網路通訊。
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of an
EPC網路可包括服務閘道器(SGW)120、封包資料網路(PDN)閘道器(PGW)125、行動管理實體(MME)130、家庭用戶伺服器(HSS)135、及/或策略及計費規則功能(PCRF)140。如圖顯示,EPC網路可使得UE 110與外部網路通訊,諸如公用陸地行動網路(PLMN)、公用交換電話網路(PSTN)、及/或IP網路(例如,網際網路)。
The EPC network may include a service gateway (SGW) 120, a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) 125, a mobile management entity (MME) 130, a home user server (HSS) 135, and/or policies And charging rules function (PCRF) 140. As shown in the figure, the EPC network enables the
無線電信網路也可包括IMS核心,其可包括電話應用伺服器(TAS)150及代理呼叫會話控制功能(P-CSCF)155。於若干建置中,IMS核心可包括額外裝置,諸如其它呼叫會話控制功能(CSCF)裝置、媒體伺服器、應用伺服器等。IMS核心可協助傳遞IP多媒體服務,諸如透過IP語音(VoIP)服務、視訊呼叫服務等給UE 110。此外,IMS核心可基於3GPP無線通訊標準操作。
The wireless telecommunication network may also include an IMS core, which may include a telephone application server (TAS) 150 and a proxy call session control function (P-CSCF) 155. In several implementations, the IMS core may include additional devices, such as other call session control function (CSCF) devices, media servers, application servers, and so on. The IMS core can help deliver IP multimedia services, such as voice over IP (VoIP) services, video call services, etc., to the
UE 110可包括可攜式計算及通訊裝置,諸如個人數位助理器(PDA)、智慧型電話、細胞式電話、具有與無線電信網路之連接性的膝上型電腦、平板電腦等。UE 110也可包括非可攜式計算裝置,諸如桌上型電腦、消費電子或
企業電子、智慧型電視、或具有連結到無線電信網路能力的其它裝置。UE 110也可包括可由使用者穿戴作為手表、健康帶、項鍊、眼鏡、戒指、皮帶、耳機、或其它類型的穿戴裝置之計算及通訊裝置(又稱穿戴裝置)。UE 110能夠從事本文描述之操作中之一或多者,諸如與另一個UE 110建立裝置對裝置(D2D)連結及操作為代理UE或操作為遠端UE。此外,UE 110能夠參與由無線電信網路支援的呼叫(例如,IMS呼叫),其可包括使用適當協定,諸如會話起始協定(SIP)。
The
eNB 115可包括一或多個網路裝置其接收、處理、及/或發送目的地為UE 110及/或接收自UE 110的資料流。eNB 115可透過SGW 120及PGW 125接收資料流自,及/或發送資料流至,外部網路或其它裝置。eNB 115可透過空中介面發送資料流至,及/或接收資料流自UE 110。
The
SGW 120可聚合接收自一或多個eNB 115的資料流,且可透過PGW 125發送聚合資料流給另一網路或裝置。此外,SGW 120可聚合接收自一或多個PGW 125的資料流,且可發送聚合資料流給一或多個eNB 115。SGW 120可操作為eNB交接期間用於使用者平面的錨及作為不同電信網路間移動性的錨。PGW 125可包括一或多個網路裝置,其可聚合接收自一或多個SGW 120的資料流,且可發送聚合資料流給外部網路或另一裝置。PGW 125也可或另可自外部網路接收資料流且可發送該資料流朝向UE 110(透過SGW 120及/或eNB 115)。
The
MME 130可包括一或多個計算及通訊裝置其用作為eNB 115的控制節點及/或提供空中介面給無線電信網路給其它裝置。舉例言之,MME 130可進行操作來註冊UE 110於無線電信網路,來建立關聯與UE 110的會話之承載者通道(例如,資料流流動),來交出UE 110給不同的eNB、MME、或其它網路,及/或從事其它操作。MME 120可在目的地為UE 110及/或接收自UE 110的資料流上進行監督操作。
The
HSS 135可包括一或多個裝置,其於與HSS 135相關聯的記憶體內管理、更新、及/或儲存與用戶(例如,UE 110相關聯的用戶)相關聯的輪廓資訊。輪廓資訊可識別許可用於用戶及/或由用戶可存取的應用及/或服務;該用戶相關聯的行動電話號碼(MDN);應用及/或服務相關聯的頻寬或資料率臨界值;及/或其它資訊。用戶可與UE 110相關聯。此外,或另外,HSS 135與用戶相關聯的驗證、授權、及/或計數操作及/或與UE 110的通訊會話。
The
PCRF 140可包括一或多個裝置,其可接收來自一或多個來源,諸如用戶資料庫及/或來自一或多個使用者的有關策略及/或申購資訊。PCRF 140可提供此等策略給PGW 125或另一裝置因而可執行策略。如圖描繪,於若干建置中,PCRF 140可與PGW 125通訊來確保計費策略係妥為施加至電信網路內部的本地路由會話。舉例言之,在一本地路由會話結束之後,PGW 125可收集有關會話的計費資訊,及提供計費資訊給PCRF 140用於執行。
The
PCRF 140也可進行本文描述的額外操作。舉例言之,PCRF 140可與PGW 125通訊來針對中繼UE 110建立Gx會話(例如,涉及3GPP無線通訊標準的Gx介面之會話)。於另一個實例中,PCRF 140可與P-CSCF 155通訊來給遠端UE 110建立Rx會話(例如,涉及3GPP無線通訊標準的Rx介面之會話)。於又另一個實例中,PCRF 140可識別(或使得PGW 125識別)與中繼UE 110相關聯的且適合(例如,已經與該呼叫的QoS相關聯的承載者)用於處理來自遠端UE 110的一呼叫的一現有承載者(例如,EPS承載者)。此外,PCRF 140可修飾(或使得PGW 125修飾)現有承載者處理新呼叫的容量。於沒有承載者適用於處理新呼叫的情況下,PCRF 140可使得針對該呼叫產生新承載者;然而,PCRF 140可經組配來優先排序映射新呼叫至現有承載者(而非產生新承載者)以便增加可由中繼UE 110服務的遠端UE 110之數目。
TAS 150可包括提供IP呼叫(例如,VoIP)服務的一或多個計算及通訊裝置。TAS 150可將電話號碼轉譯成IP位址及/或將IP位址轉譯成電話號碼來建立呼叫。TAS 150也可提供呼叫路由服務及/或呼叫橋接服務。TAS 150也可提供答錄機服務、轉接服務、及免付費呼叫路由服務(例如,用於所謂「1-800」號碼)。TAS 150可基於特定通訊協定諸如SIP操作。
The
P-CSCF 155可包括一計算及通訊裝置,其可以本文描述之方式收集、處理、搜尋、儲存、及/或提供資訊。P-CSCF 155可操作為IMS核心的第一接觸點。舉例言之,
自UE 110至IMS核心的SIP訊息可首先由P-CSCF 155攔截。於若干建置中,UE 110與P-CSCF 155間之通訊可涉及特定介面,諸如3GPP無線通訊標準之Gm介面(未顯示於圖中)。
The P-
圖1中例示的裝置及/或網路的數量與排列僅供解釋目的。實際上,可有比較圖1中例示者,額外的裝置及/或網路;更少的裝置及/或網路;不同的裝置及/或網路;或不同排列的裝置及/或網路。另外,或此外,圖1中例示的裝置中之一或多者可從事被描述為由圖1中例示的裝置中之其它一或多者所從事的一或多個功能。例示裝置可透過有線連結、無線連結、或有線與無線連結之組合互連。 The number and arrangement of devices and/or networks illustrated in Figure 1 are for explanatory purposes only. In fact, there may be additional devices and/or networks compared to those illustrated in Figure 1; fewer devices and/or networks; different devices and/or networks; or different arrangements of devices and/or networks . Additionally, or in addition, one or more of the devices illustrated in FIG. 1 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by the other one or more of the devices illustrated in FIG. 1. The exemplified devices can be interconnected through a wired connection, a wireless connection, or a combination of wired and wireless connections.
圖2為可用來針對遠端UE 110建立一呼叫的裝置及介面實例的略圖。如圖顯示,裝置之實例可包括遠端及中繼UE 110、PGW 125、PCRF 140、及P-CSCF 155,其實例係如前文參考圖1描述。介面之實例包括Gx介面、Gm介面、及Rx介面。
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a device and interface that can be used to establish a call to a
中繼UE 110可建立涉及PGW 125的PDN連結。如此進行時,中繼UE 110可被分配具有縮短的前綴諸如/56前綴的IPv6位址。當建立PDN連結時,PGW 125可透過Gx介面而與PCRF 140建立通訊會話,其可包括PGW 125通訊中繼UE 110的IPv6前綴給PCRF 140。該通訊會話可稱作為Gx會話。PDN連結的建立可使得承載者(例如,EPS承載者)被分配給中繼UE 110。
The
遠端UE 110可發現且與中繼UE 110建立D2D連
結。於若干實施例中,連結可以是LTE直接連結、相近服務(ProSe)連結等。此外,中繼UE 110可分配一個IPv6位址給遠端UE 110。於若干實施例中,中繼UE 110可使用IPv6前綴授權來分配具有較長的前綴諸如/64前綴的IP版本6(IPv6)位址給遠端UE 110。此外,連結到中繼UE 110的其它遠端UE 110可以相似方式被分配IPv6位址(及前綴),使得全部遠端UE 110的較長IPv6前綴可被邏輯聚合成中繼UE 110的較短IPv6前綴,容後詳述,其用於PCRF 140為有意義,來映射由遠端UE 110起始的呼叫至分配給中繼UE 110的承載者。
The
遠端UE 110藉由透過Gm介面與P-CSCF 155通訊可註冊IMS服務。當註冊時,遠端UE 110可給P-CSCF 155指示遠端UE 110係操作為遠端裝置(例如,透過中繼UE 110通訊)。然後,P-CSCF 155可透過Rx介面建立與PCRF 140之通訊會話。通訊會話可稱作為Rx會話。於若干實施例中,P-CSCF 155可給PCRF 140指示Rx會話對應於遠端UE 110(例如,UE 110操作為遠端UE 110)。建立Rx會話可包括P-CSCF 115傳送遠端UE 110的IPv6前綴給PCRF 140,其可使得PCRF 140藉由映射遠端UE 110之Rx會話至中繼UE 110之Gx會話而從事會話綁定。舉例言之,因遠端UE 110的IPv6前綴可基於中繼UE 110的IPv6前綴(透過IPv6前綴授權),PCRF 140可使用遠端UE 110的IPv6前綴來識別中繼UE 110的IPv6位址。此外,因遠端UE 110的IPv6前綴可在建立Rx會話時發送給PCRF 140,及中繼UE 110的IPv6位址可在
建立Gx會話時發送給PCRF 140,PCRF 140可映射遠端UE 110之Rx會話至中繼UE 110之Gx會話。
The
建立IMS會話之後,遠端UE 110可發送一請求給P-CSCF 155來與另一UE建立一呼叫(例如,IMS呼叫)。該請求可包括該請求係來自遠端UE 110的指示及/或描述呼叫品質水準的資訊(本文中又稱呼叫品質資訊)。此種資訊之實例可包括QoS資訊及分配及保留順位(ARP)資訊。PCRF 140可根據呼叫品質資訊而更新Rx會話,且可包括P-CSCF 155,給PCRF 140指示該呼叫請求係來自遠端UE 110。
After the IMS session is established, the
然後,PCRF 140可藉由將對應該呼叫的IP流與一承載者綁定而指令PGW 125從事承載者綁定,該承載者可能:1)分配給中繼UE 110;及2)包括一或多個其它IP流,其可包括針對新請求呼叫之品質水準。若存在有此種承載者,則PGW 125可修飾承載者來因應新增加的IP流,同時仍然因應已經與承載者相關聯的呼叫之品質水準。若不存在有此種承載者,則PGW 125可針對對應該呼叫的IP流而產生新承載者。
Then,
圖3為略圖例示針對遠端UE 110建立一呼叫(或另一類型通訊會話)之方法300實例。方法300可由一或多個網路裝置建置,諸如PGW 125、PCRF 140、及P-CSCF 155。
3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a
方法300可包括針對中繼UE 110建立Gx會話(方塊310)。舉例言之,中繼UE 110可建立與無線電信網路的PDN連結,其可包括始於PGW 125與PCRF 140間建立的Gx會話。建立Gx會話可包括分配中繼UE 110可用來與無線電
信網路通訊的一承載者(例如,EPS承載者)。於若干實施例中,Gx會話可包括IP連接性接取網路(IP-CAN)會話,及承載者可包括IP-CAN承載者。於若干實施例中,建立Gx會話可包括從PGW 125傳送到PCRF 140的中繼UE 110之IPv6。
The
方法300也可包括註冊遠端UE 110用於IMS服務(方塊320)。例如,P-CSCF 155可從遠端UE 110接收一請求來註冊無線電信網路的IMS。註冊遠端UE 110用於IMS服務之請求可包括指示源自於遠端UE 110的該請求之一指示(例如,一或多個參數)。於若干建置中,請求可包括SIP REGISTER訊息,且可包括遠端UE 110之IPv6前綴。
The
方法300也可包括建立針對遠端UE 110的Rx會話(方塊330)。舉例言之,P-CSCF 155可與PCRF 140建立通訊會話。建立Rx會話可包括P-CSCF 155通訊會話請求訊息(例如,[Rx]驗證-授權請求(AA-REQUEST)訊息)給PCRF 140。於若干實施例中,請求訊息可包括指示源自於遠端UE 110(與於另一作業模態或情況操作的UE相對)的該請求之一指示(例如,一或多個參數)。
The
方法300也可包括在中繼UE 110之Gx會話與遠端UE 110之Rx會話間進行會話綁定(方塊340)。舉例言之,當針對中繼UE 110建立Gx會話時,PCRF 110可接收中繼UE 110的IPv6位址(其包括IPv6前綴)。同理,當針對遠端UE 110建立Rx會話時,PCRF 140可接收遠端UE 110的IPv6前綴。此外,因遠端UE 110的IPv6前綴已經基於中繼UE 110的IPv6前綴分配給遠端UE 110,PCRF 140可基於UE 110的
IPv6前綴而決定對應Rx會話的Gx會話。一旦已經識別Rx會話及對應的Gx會話,則PCRF 140藉由邏輯映射Rx會話至Gx會話而可從事會話綁定。
The
方法300也可包括接收一請求來建立遠端UE 110與另一UE 110間之呼叫(方塊350)。舉例言之,P-CSCF 140可從遠端UE 110接收一請求來建立與另一UE 110間之呼叫(例如,VoIP呼叫)。於若干建置中,建立呼叫的請求可包括SIP INVITE訊息。此外,請求可指示源自於遠端UE 110(與例如操作為中繼裝置或以標準作業模態操作的UE裝置相反)的請求。
The
方法300也可包括更新遠端UE 110之Rx會話(方塊360)。舉例言之,回應於接收來自遠端UE 110與另一UE 110建立一呼叫的請求,P-CSCF 140可更新當遠端UE 110註冊來自IMS服務時所建立的Rx會話。於若干實施例中,更新Rx會話可包括識別描述伴隨呼叫的品質水準之資訊(例如,於建立該呼叫的請求中)。此種資訊之實例可包括QoS參數、ARP參數、保證位元率(GBR)參數、及/或描述須伴隨該呼叫之品質水準的另一類型資訊。於若干實施例中,QoS參數可包括QoS類別識別符(QCI)。更新Rx會話也可包括通訊品質資訊及/或遠端UE 110之識別資訊給PCRF 140。於若干實施例中,P-CSCF 155可使用對PCRF 140的AA-REQUEST訊息而傳送該資訊給PCRF 140。
The
方法300也可包括針對該呼叫進行承載者綁定(方塊370)。舉例言之,PCRF 140可產生策略及計費控制
(PCC)規則及/或QoS規則(又稱PCC/QoS規則),及傳送該PCC/QoS規則給PGW 125。於若干實施例中,PCC/QoS規則可指令PGW 125關聯對應於由遠端UE 110所起始的新IP流與一承載者,該承載者具有與該新IP流相同品質的一或多個其它IP流(例如,QCI、ARP等)。此外,PCC/QoS規則可指令PGW 125針對該新IP流產生一新承載者。於若干實施例中,PCRF 140可使用CC-REQUEST訊息來傳送該PCC/QoS規則給PGW 125,其也可包括針對該呼叫的品質資訊(例如,QCI、ARP等)及/或該呼叫對應遠端UE 110之指示。於若干實施例中,品質資訊及該呼叫對應遠端UE 110之指示可以是PCC/QoS規則之部分。
The
因此,PGW 125可判定現有承載者(例如,與中繼UE 110關聯的EPS承載者)是否包括對應於由遠端UE 110所起始的該呼叫之對應新IP流的相同品質(例如,QCI、ARP等)。若此種承載者目前不存在,則PGW 125可產生新承載者(與中繼UE 110關聯)且可分配新IP流給新承載者。但若此種承載者確實存在,則PGW 125可聚合新IP流給現有承載者(或給現有承載者之IP流)。於若干實施例中,當新IP流聚合至現有承載者時,PGW 125可修飾承載者(例如,與承載者相關聯的網路資源)來確保承載者可因應與承載者相關聯的全部IP流的品質。
Therefore, the
圖4為順序流程圖例示針對遠端UE 110建立一呼叫之方法實例。如圖顯示,圖4之實例可包括遠端UE 110、中繼UE 110、MME 130、SGW/PGW 120/125、PCRF 140、
及P-CSCF 155。圖4中顯示的裝置實例係如前文參考圖1之描述。
FIG. 4 is a sequence flowchart illustrating an example of a method for establishing a call for the
如圖描繪,中繼UE 110可與無線電信網路建立PDN連結,其可能涉及數個網路裝置,諸如MME 130、SGW/PGW 120/125、及/或PCRF 140(方塊4.1)。當建立PDN連結時,中繼UE 110可被分配一IPv6位址,其可包括縮短的IPv6前綴,諸如/56前綴。此外,PDN連結可包括PGW 125與PCRF 140間之IP-CAN會話(本文中又稱為Gx會話),其可包括PGW 125通訊中繼UE 110的IPv6位址給PCRF 140。
As depicted in the figure, the
遠端UE 110可探索及連結至中繼UE 110(方塊4.2)。遠端與中繼UE 110間之連結可包括ProSe連結、點對點(P2P)連結、D2D連結、LTE直接連結等。當建立連結時,中繼UE 110可分配一IPv6位址給遠端UE 110。分配給遠端UE 110的IPv6位址可包括基於分配給遠端UE 110的IPv6位址的IPv6前綴之一IPv6前綴。舉例言之,中繼UE 110可使用IPv6前綴授權來分配一IPv6前綴給遠端UE 110,該前綴係為比中繼UE 110之IPv6前綴更長的版本(例如,/64前綴)。如前文描述,如此進行可使得PCRF 140能映射遠端UE 110之Rx會話到中繼UE 110之Gx會話。
The
於某一點,遠端UE 110可傳送一請求來註冊無線電信網路的IMS。如圖顯示,P-CSCF 155可接收該請求。此外,該請求可包括SIP REGISTER訊息,該訊息包括指示該請求係來自操作為遠端UE的一UE之參數(本文中又稱中繼資訊或中繼參數)(線4.3)。
At a certain point, the
回應於註冊請求,P-CSCF 155可與PCRF 140通訊來針對遠端UE 110建立Rx會話(方塊4.4)。於若干實施例中,建立Rx會話可包括P-CSCF 155透過Rx介面發送AA-REQUEST請求給PCRF 140。如圖顯示,建立Rx會話可包括P-CSCF 155與PCRF 140共享中繼參數。
In response to the registration request, the P-
在遠端UE 110已經註冊IMS服務及已經建立Rx會話之後的某一點,遠端UE 110可與另一UE通訊一請求來起始一呼叫。於若干建置中,該請求可包括SIP INVITE訊息。此外,起始呼叫之請求可包括指示該呼叫之品質水準的資訊。如前文描述,此種資訊之實例可包括QCI、ARP資訊等。
At a certain point after the
取決於實施例,註冊IMS服務的請求及/或起始呼叫之請求可包括該請求源自於操作為遠端UE的一UE之指示。舉例言之,於若干實施例中,只有註冊IMS服務的請求或起始呼叫之請求可包括該請求源自於操作為遠端UE的一UE的指示。然而,如圖顯示,於若干實施例中,遠端UE 110可於兩者請求(亦即,註冊IMS服務的請求或起始呼叫之請求)包括該指示(例如,中繼參數)。
Depending on the embodiment, the request to register for the IMS service and/or the request to initiate a call may include an indication that the request originated from a UE operating as a remote UE. For example, in some embodiments, only the request to register for the IMS service or the request to initiate a call may include an indication that the request originated from a UE operating as a remote UE. However, as shown in the figure, in some embodiments, the
回應於起始呼叫之請求,P-CSCF 155及PCRF 140可使用中繼參數更新該Rx會話(方塊4.6)。舉例言之,P-CSCF 155可使用Rx介面發送AA-REQUEST訊息給PCRF 140。AA-REQUEST可包括涵括於來自遠端UE 110的SIP INVITE訊息中之品質資訊(例如,QCI、ARP資訊等)及/或中繼參數。因此,PCRF 140可變成知曉:1)該呼叫請求源
自於遠端UE 110;及2)對應的呼叫包括某個品質水準。
In response to the request to initiate the call, P-
如圖顯示,PCRF 140及PGW 125可更新Gx會話(方塊4.7)。舉例言之,PCRF 140可產生傳送有關PGW 125應如何管理對應於由遠端UE 110所請求的該呼叫之新IP流之指令(本文中又稱PCC/QoS規則)。於若干實施例中,PCRF 140可透過Gx介面,使用CC-REQUEST訊息而傳送指令給PGW 125。指令可包括映射該呼叫之新IP流給能夠因應該所請求呼叫之品質水準之一承載者。指令也可包括偏好聚合該呼叫之新IP流至現有承載者之IP流,後者可具有與新IP流相同的品質水準;及/或偏好修飾現有承載者(例如,現有承載者之網路資源)以因應新IP流的品質水準。舉例言之,若新IP流包括GBR,則現有承載者之資源可藉與因應新IP流的GBR相稱的量及以相稱之方式提升。於若干實施例中,若與新IP流具有相同品質水準的IP流相關聯的一承載者尚未存在,則指令可包括針對該新IP流形成一新承載者。
As shown in the figure,
為了解釋圖4之實例之目的,假設有個與新IP流具有相同品質水準的IP流相關聯的承載者。如此,新IP流可分配給現有承載者。此外,現有承載者可經修飾來確保,除了維持已經分配給承載者的IP流之品質水準之外,現有承載者可因應針對新IP流所請求的品質水準(方塊4.8)。 For the purpose of explaining the example of FIG. 4, suppose there is a bearer associated with an IP flow of the same quality level as the new IP flow. In this way, new IP flows can be allocated to existing bearers. In addition, the existing bearer can be modified to ensure that, in addition to maintaining the quality level of the IP stream that has been allocated to the bearer, the existing bearer can respond to the requested quality level for the new IP stream (block 4.8).
如此處使用,術語「電路」或「處理電路」可指稱、成為其中一部分、或包括特定應用積體電路(ASIC)、電子電路、處理器(共享、專用、或群組)、及/或執行一或多個軟體或韌體程式的記憶體(共享、專用、或群組)、組合 邏輯電路、及/或提供所述功能性的其它合宜硬體組件。於其它實施例中,電路可建置於一或多個軟體或韌體模組或由該等模組建置的電路相關聯的功能。於若干實施例中,電路可包括於硬體至少部分可操作的邏輯。 As used herein, the term "circuit" or "processing circuit" can refer to, be part of, or include application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), electronic circuits, processors (shared, dedicated, or group), and/or execution Memory (shared, dedicated, or group), combination of one or more software or firmware programs Logic circuits, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the functionality. In other embodiments, the circuit may be built in one or more software or firmware modules or functions associated with circuits built by these modules. In some embodiments, the circuit may include logic that is at least partially operable in hardware.
本文描述的實施例可使用任何經合宜組配的硬體及/或軟體而建置於系統。圖5針對一個實施例例示電子裝置500之組件實例。於若干實施例中,電子裝置500可以是使用者設備(UE)、eNB、或若干其它適當電子裝置。於若干實施例中,電子裝置500可包括應用電路502、基頻電路504、射頻(RF)電路506、前端模組(FEM)電路508、及一或多個天線560,至少如圖顯示一起耦合。
The embodiments described herein can be built into the system using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of components of the
應用電路502可包括一或多個應用處理器。舉例言之,應用電路502可包括電路諸如,但非限制性,一或多個單核心或多核心處理器。該(等)處理器可包括通用處理器與專用處理器(例如,圖形處理器、應用處理器等)之任何組合。處理器可耦合及/或可包括記憶體/儲存裝置,諸如儲存媒體503,且可經組配以執行儲存於記憶體/儲存裝置的指令來使得各種應用程式及/或作業系統能在系統上跑。於若干建置中,儲存媒體503可包括非暫態電腦可讀取媒體。於若干實施例中,應用電路502可連結或包括一或多個感測器,諸如環境感測器、相機等。
The
基頻電路504可包括電路諸如,但非限制性,一或多個單核心或多核心處理器。基頻電路504可包括一或多個基頻處理器及/或控制邏輯來處理接收自RF電路506的接
收信號路徑之基頻信號,及針對RF電路506的發射信號路徑產生基頻信號。基頻處理電路504可介接應用電路502用於基頻信號的產生及處理及用於控制RF電路506之操作。舉例言之,於若干實施例中,基頻電路504可包括第二代(2G)基頻處理器504a、第三代(3G)基頻處理器504b、第四代(4G)基頻處理器504c、及/或針對其它現有世代、正在發展中的世代、或未來將發展的世代(例如,第五代(5G)、5G等)的基頻處理器504d。基頻電路504(例如,一或多個基頻處理器504a-d)可處理使其能透過RF電路506而與一或多個射頻網路通訊的各種無線電控制功能。無線電控制功能可包括,但非限制性,信號調變/解調、編碼/解碼、射頻移位等。於若干建置中,基頻電路504可與儲存媒體503或其它儲存媒體相關聯。
The
於若干實施例中,基頻電路504的調變/解調電路可包括快速富利葉變換(FFT)、預編碼、及/或叢集映射/解除映射功能。於若干實施例中,基頻電路504的編碼/解碼電路可包括卷積、咬尾卷積、渦旋、維特比(Viterbi)、及/或低密度同位檢查(LDPC)編碼器/解碼器功能。調變/解調及編碼器/解碼器功能之實施例並不限於此等實例而可包括於其它實施例中的其它合宜功能。於若干實施例中,基頻電路504可包括協定堆疊之元件,例如,演進通用地面無線電接取網路(E-UTRAN)協定包括例如,實體(PHY)、媒體存取控制(MAC)、無線電鏈接控制(RLC)、封包資料收歛協定(PDCP)、及/或無線電資源控制(RRC)元件。基頻電路504
的一中央處理單元(CPU)504e可經組配以針對PHY、MAC、RLC、PDCP及/或RRC層的傳訊而跑協定堆疊之元件。於若干實施例中,基頻電路可包括一或多個音訊數位信號處理器(DSP)504f。音訊DSP 504f可包括壓縮/解壓縮及回音消除元件,及可包括於其它實施例中的其它合宜處理元件。
In some embodiments, the modulation/demodulation circuit of the
基頻電路504可進一步包括記憶體/儲存裝置504g。記憶體/儲存裝置504g可用來載入及儲存針對由基頻電路504之處理器從事的操作之資料及/或指令。針對一個實施例記憶體/儲存裝置可包括依電性記憶體及/或非依電性記憶體之任何組合。記憶體/儲存裝置504g可包括各種層級記憶體/儲存裝置之任何組合,包括,但非限制性,含有嵌置軟體指令的唯讀記憶體(ROM)(例如,韌體)、隨機存取記憶體(例如,動態隨機存取記憶體(DRAM))、快取記憶體、緩衝器等。記憶體/儲存裝置504g可在各種處理器間共享或專用於特定處理器。
The
於若干實施例中,基頻電路之組件可合宜地組合成單一晶片、單一晶片組、或設置於相同電路板上。於若干實施例中,基頻電路504及應用電路502之部分或全部組成組件可一起建置,例如建置於單晶片系統(SOC)上。
In some embodiments, the components of the baseband circuit can be conveniently combined into a single chip, a single chip group, or arranged on the same circuit board. In some embodiments, some or all of the components of the
於若干實施例中,基頻電路504可供用於與一或多個射頻技術可相容的通訊。舉例言之,於若干實施例中,基頻電路504可支援與演進通用地面無線電接取網路(E-UTRAN)及/或其它無線都會區域網路(WMAN)、無線本地區域網路(WLAN)、無線個人區域網路(WPAN)之通訊。
其中基頻電路504係經組配以支援多於一個無線協定之無線電通訊的實施例可稱作多模態基頻電路。
In some embodiments, the
RF電路506可啟用通過非固態媒體使用調變電磁輻射而與無線網路通訊。於各種實施例中,RF電路506可包括交換器、濾波器、放大器等來輔助與無線網路通訊。RF電路506可包括接收信號路徑,其可包括降頻轉換接收自FEM電路508的RF信號及提供基頻信號給基頻電路504之電路。RF電路506也可包括發射信號路徑,其可包括升頻轉換由基頻電路504提供的基頻信號及提供RF輸出信號給FEM電路508用於發射之電路。
The
於若干實施例中,RF電路506可包括接收信號路徑及發射信號路徑。RF電路506的接收信號路徑可包括混合器電路506a、放大器電路506b及濾波器電路506c。RF電路506的發射信號路徑可包括濾波器電路506c及混合器電路506a。RF電路506也可包括用於合成一頻率以供由接收信號路徑及發射信號路徑的混合器電路506a使用之合成器電路506d。於若干實施例中,接收信號路徑的混合器電路506a可經組配以基於由合成器電路506d提供的合成頻率而降頻轉換接收自FEM電路508的RF信號。放大器電路506b可經組配以放大降頻轉換信號,及濾波器電路506c可以是低通濾波器(LPF)或帶通濾波器(BPF)經組配以從降頻轉換信號去除非期望信號而產生輸出基頻信號。
In some embodiments, the
輸出基頻信號可提供給基頻電路504用於進一步處理。於若干實施例中,輸出基頻信號可以是零頻率基頻
信號。於若干實施例中,接收信號路徑的混合器電路506a可被動混合器,但實施例之範圍並非受限於此一面向。
The output baseband signal may be provided to the
於若干實施例中,發射信號路徑的混合器電路506a可經組配來基於由合成器電路506d提供的合成頻率而升頻轉換輸入基頻信號而產生用於FEM電路508的RF輸出信號。基頻信號可由基頻電路504提供且可由濾波器電路506c濾波。濾波器電路506c可包括低通濾波器(LPF),但實施例之範圍並非受限於此一面向。
In some embodiments, the
於若干實施例中,接收信號路徑的混合器電路506a及發射信號路徑的混合器電路506a可包括二或多個混合器且可經配置分別用於正交降頻轉換及/或升頻轉換。於若干實施例中,接收信號路徑的混合器電路506a及發射信號路徑的混合器電路506a可包括二或多個混合器且可經配置用於影像排斥(例如,哈特利(Harley)影像排斥)。於若干實施例中,接收信號路徑的混合器電路506a及混合器電路506a可經配置分別地用於直接降頻轉換及/或直接升頻轉換。於若干實施例中,接收信號路徑的混合器電路506a及發射信號路徑的混合器電路506a可經組配用於超外差操作。
In some embodiments, the
於若干實施例中,輸出基頻信號及輸入基頻信號可以是類比基頻信號,但實施例之範圍並非受限於此一面向。於若干替代實施例中,輸出基頻信號及輸入基頻信號可以是數位基頻信號。於此等替代實施例中,RF電路506可包括類比至數位轉換器(ADC)及數位至類比轉換器(DAC)
電路,及基頻電路504可包括數位基頻介面來與RF電路506通訊。
In some embodiments, the output fundamental frequency signal and the input fundamental frequency signal may be analog fundamental frequency signals, but the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this aspect. In some alternative embodiments, the output fundamental frequency signal and the input fundamental frequency signal may be digital fundamental frequency signals. In these alternative embodiments, the
於若干雙模態實施例中,分開的射頻IC電路可提供用於針對各個頻譜處理信號,但實施例之範圍並非受限於此一面向。 In some dual-mode embodiments, separate radio frequency IC circuits can be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, but the scope of the embodiments is not limited to this aspect.
於若干實施例中,合成器電路506d可以是分數-N合成器或分數N/N+6合成器,但實施例之範圍並非受限於此一面向,原因在於其它類型的頻率合成器可能適宜。舉例言之,合成器電路506d可以是△-Σ合成器、倍頻器、或包含帶有分頻器之鎖相迴路的合成器。
In some embodiments, the
合成器電路506d可經組配以基於頻率輸入及除法器控制輸入而合成輸出頻率供由RF電路506的混合器電路506a使用。於若干實施例中,合成器電路506d可以是分數N/N+6合成器。
The
於若干實施例中,頻率輸入可由電壓控制振盪器(VCO)提供。取決於期望的輸出頻率,除法器控制輸入可由基頻電路504或應用電路502處理。於若干實施例中,除法器控制輸入(例如,N)可基於由應用電路502指示的通道而從詢查表決定。
In some embodiments, the frequency input can be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). Depending on the desired output frequency, the divider control input can be processed by the
RF電路506之合成器電路506d可包括除法器、延遲鎖相迴路(DLL)、多工器及相位累加器。於若干實施例中,除法器可以是雙模除法器(DMD),及相位累加器可以是數位相位累加器(DPA)。於若干實施例中,DMD可經組配以藉N或N+6(例如,基於執行)除輸入信號來提供分數除
法比。於若干具體實施例中,DLL可包括一組串級、可調諧、延遲元件、相位檢測器、電荷泵浦、及D型正反器。於此等實施例中,延遲元件可經組配以將一VCO週期打破成Nd個相等相位封包,於該處Nd為延遲線中之延遲元件數目。藉此方式,DLL提供負回授來協助確保通過延遲線的總延遲為一個VCO循環。
The
於若干實施例中,合成器電路506d可經組配以產生載頻作為輸出頻率,而於其它實施例中,輸出頻率可以是載頻的倍數(例如,兩倍載頻、四倍載頻),及結合正交產生器及除法器電路使用以產生於載頻的多個信號,具有相對於彼此不同的相位。於若干實施例中,輸出頻率可以是LO頻率(fLO)。於若干實施例中,RF電路506可包括IQ/極性轉換器。
In some embodiments, the
FEM電路508可包括接收信號路徑,其可包括經組配以基於接收自一或多個天線560的RF信號操作,放大所接收的信號,及提供所接收信號的放大版本給RF電路506用於進一步處理的電路。FEM電路508也可包括發射信號路徑,其可包括經組配以放大由RF電路506提供傳輸的信號用於由一或多個天線560中之一或多者發射的電路。
The
於若干實施例中,FEM電路508可包括TX/RX交換器來介於發射模與接收模操作間切換。FEM電路可包括接收信號路徑及發射信號路徑。FEM電路的接收信號路徑可包括低雜訊放大器(LNA)來放大所接收的RF信號,及提供已放大的所接收RF信號作為輸出(例如,至RF電路506)。
FEM電路508的發射信號路徑可包括功率放大器(PA)來放大輸入RF信號(例如,由RF電路506提供),及一或多個濾波器來產生RF信號用於隨後發射(例如,由一或多個天線560中之一或多者)。
In some embodiments, the
於若干實施例中,電子裝置500可包括額外元件,諸如記憶體/儲存裝置、顯示器、相機、感測器、及/或輸入/輸出(I/O)介面。於若干實施例中,圖5之電子裝置可經組配以進行一或多個方法、製程、及/或技術,諸如本文描述者。
In some embodiments, the
圖6為一裝置600之組件實例的略圖。圖1、2、及4中例示的裝置中之各者可包括一或多個裝置600。於若干實施例中,裝置600可以是PGW裝置、PCRF裝置、及/或P-CSCF裝置實例。裝置600可包括處理器電路610、記憶體及/或儲存媒體620、通訊介面630、通訊電路640、輸入電路650、及輸出電路660。於另一個建置中,裝置600可包括額外的、更少的、不同的、或差異排列的組件。此外,裝置600之組件中之一或多者可以是本文描述的電路、網路介面等實例。
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example of the components of a device 600. Each of the devices illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 may include one or more devices 600. In some embodiments, the device 600 may be an example of a PGW device, a PCRF device, and/or a P-CSCF device. The device 600 may include a
處理器電路610可包括可解釋與執行指令的處理器、微處理器、或處理邏輯。記憶體及/或儲存媒體620可包括可儲存資訊及指令用於由處理器610執行的任何類型動態儲存裝置,及/或可儲存資訊供處理器610使用的任何類型非依電性儲存裝置。
The
通訊介面630可包括任何收發器狀機構,其使得
裝置600能與其它裝置及/或系統通訊。舉例言之,通訊介面630可包括乙太網路介面、光學介面、同軸介面等。通訊介面630可包括無線通訊裝置,諸如紅外線(IR)接收器、細胞式無線電、藍牙無線電等。於若干實施例中,裝置600可包括多於一個通訊介面630。例如,裝置600可包括光學介面及乙太網路介面。
The
通訊電路640可包括允許在裝置600之組件間通訊的一或多個通訊路徑(例如,內部匯流排)。輸入電路650可包括允許操作人員輸入資訊給裝置600的機構,諸如鍵盤、數字小鍵盤、按鈕、開關等。輸出組件660可包括輸出資訊給操作人員的機構,諸如顯示器、一或多個發光二極體(LED)、揚聲器等。 The communication circuit 640 may include one or more communication paths (for example, internal buses) that allow communication between the components of the device 600. The input circuit 650 may include a mechanism that allows the operator to input information to the device 600, such as a keyboard, a numeric keypad, buttons, switches, and the like. The output component 660 may include a mechanism for outputting information to the operator, such as a display, one or more light emitting diodes (LED), a speaker, and the like.
裝置600可進行前文描述的某些操作。裝置600可回應於處理器電路610執行儲存於電腦可讀取媒體,諸如記憶體及/或儲存媒體620的軟體指令而進行此等操作。電腦可讀取媒體可界定為非暫態記憶體裝置。一記憶體裝置可包括單一實體記憶體裝置內部的空間或展開橫跨多個實體記憶體裝置。軟體指令可從另一個電腦可讀取媒體或從另一裝置讀取入記憶體及/或儲存媒體620內部。儲存於記憶體及/或儲存媒體620的軟體指令可使得處理器610進行本文描述的處理程序。另外,硬接線電路可用來置換或組合軟體指令而建置本文描述的方法。因此,本文描述的建置並不限於硬體電路與軟體的任何特定組合。
The device 600 can perform certain operations described above. The device 600 can perform these operations in response to the
其次將給定攸關前述技術的建置之多個實例。 Secondly, a number of examples related to the implementation of the aforementioned technologies will be given.
於第1實例中,一種P-CSCF裝置可包含:一第一網路介面裝置用以透過一無線電信網路的一RAN而與UE通訊;一第二網路介面裝置用以與該無線電信網路之一PCRF裝置通訊;及電路用以:接收一SIP訊息其包括該SIP訊息源自於一遠端UE的一第一指示,使用該PCRF建立或修飾一Rx會話,及透過對應於該遠端UE之一通訊會話包括至少一個媒體流之一描述的該Rx會話,而將一請求訊息傳送給該PCRF。 In the first example, a P-CSCF device may include: a first network interface device for communicating with the UE through a RAN of a wireless telecommunication network; a second network interface device for communicating with the wireless telecommunication network Communication with a PCRF device on the network; and a circuit for: receiving a SIP message including a first indication that the SIP message originated from a remote UE, using the PCRF to establish or modify an Rx session, and by corresponding to the A communication session of the remote UE includes the Rx session described by one of at least one media stream, and a request message is sent to the PCRF.
於實例2中,實例1之主旨可進一步包括其中該SIP訊息包括一SIP REGISTER訊息。 In Example 2, the subject matter of Example 1 may further include that the SIP message includes a SIP REGISTER message.
於實例3中,實例1之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該SIP訊息包括一SIP INVITE訊息。 In Example 3, any of the subject matter of Example 1 or the examples herein may further include wherein the SIP message includes a SIP INVITE message.
於實例4中,實例1之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該請求訊息包括一[Rx]AAR訊息。 In Example 4, any of the subject matter of Example 1 or the examples herein may further include wherein the request message includes an [Rx] AAR message.
於實例5中,實例1之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該請求訊息包括該至少一個媒體流之該等品質要求的一第三指示。 In Example 5, any of the subject matter of Example 1 or the examples herein may further include a third indication in which the request message includes the quality requirements of the at least one media stream.
於實例6中,實例1之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該第三指示包括下列中之至少一者:一QoS參數、一QCI、一分配及ARP、或一GBR。 In Example 6, the subject matter of Example 1 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the third indication includes at least one of the following: a QoS parameter, a QCI, an allocation and ARP, or a GBR.
於第7實例中,一種PCRF裝置可包含多個發射埠;及電路用以:與一無線電信網路之一PDN PGW建立對應於一第一UE的一第一控制會話;與該無線電信網路之一IMS的一P-CSCF建立對應於一第二UE的一第二控制會 話;基於操作為該第二UE與該無線電信網路間之一中繼裝置的該第一UE而映射該第一控制會話至該第二控制會話;透過該P-CSCF,自該第二UE接收一請求而建立該第二UE與一第三UE間之一呼叫;及使得該PGW綁定該呼叫至與該第一UE相關聯的一承載者。 In the seventh example, a PCRF device may include a plurality of transmission ports; and a circuit for: establishing a first control session corresponding to a first UE with a PDN PGW of a wireless telecommunication network; and with the wireless telecommunication network A P-CSCF of one IMS establishes a second control meeting corresponding to a second UE Words; mapping the first control session to the second control session based on the first UE operating as a relay device between the second UE and the wireless telecommunication network; through the P-CSCF, from the second control session The UE receives a request to establish a call between the second UE and a third UE; and causes the PGW to bind the call to a bearer associated with the first UE.
於實例8中,實例7之主旨可進一步包括其中該呼叫係基於由該呼叫要求的一QoS及已經綁定至該承載者之另一呼叫的一QoS而綁定至該承載者。 In Example 8, the subject matter of Example 7 may further include that the call is bound to the bearer based on a QoS required by the call and a QoS of another call that has been bound to the bearer.
於實例9中,實例7之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該電路係用以使得該PGW基於由該呼叫要求的一QoS而增加分配給該承載者的網路資源。 In Example 9, the subject matter of Example 7 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the circuit is used to enable the PGW to increase the network resources allocated to the bearer based on a QoS required by the call.
於實例10中,實例7之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括該第一通訊會話對應於該PCRF與該PGW間之一Gx介面,及該第二通訊會話對應於該PCRF與該P-CSCF間之一Rx介面。 In Example 10, the subject matter of Example 7 or any of the examples herein may further include that the first communication session corresponds to a Gx interface between the PCRF and the PGW, and the second communication session corresponds to the PCRF and An Rx interface between the P-CSCF.
於實例11中,實例7之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該第一控制會話係建立為在該第一UE與該無線電信網路間建立的一封包資料網路(PDN)連結的部分,及該第二控制會話係建立為於該IMS註冊的該第二UE的部分。 In Example 11, the subject matter of Example 7 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the first control session is established as a packet data network established between the first UE and the wireless telecommunication network ( PDN) part of the connection, and the second control session is established as part of the second UE registered with the IMS.
於實例12中,實例7之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中為了使得該PGW綁定該呼叫至該承載者,該電路係用以使得該PGW:判定與該呼叫之一服務品質(QoS)具有相似的一QoS之另一呼叫相關聯的一網路承 載者是否已經被分配給該第一UE;當該網路承載者已經被分配給該第一UE時,綁定該呼叫至該網路承載者;及當該網路承載者尚未被分配給該第一UE時,基於呼叫的該QoS,分配一新網路承載者給該第一UE,及綁定該呼叫至該新網路承載者。 In Example 12, the subject matter of Example 7 or any of the examples herein may further include that in order for the PGW to bind the call to the bearer, the circuit is used to make the PGW: determine one of the calls Quality of Service (QoS) A network protocol associated with another call with a similar QoS Whether the carrier has been allocated to the first UE; when the network carrier has been allocated to the first UE, bind the call to the network carrier; and when the network carrier has not been allocated to For the first UE, based on the QoS of the call, a new network bearer is allocated to the first UE, and the call is bound to the new network bearer.
於實例13中,實例1或7之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該承載者包括一EPS承載者。 In Example 13, the subject matter of Example 1 or 7 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the carrier includes an EPS carrier.
於第14實例中,一種電腦可讀取媒體可含有程式指令用以使得一或多個處理器用以:接收一SIP訊息其包括該SIP訊息源自於一遠端UE的一第一指示,使用該PCRF建立或修飾一Rx會話,及透過對應於該遠端UE之一通訊會話包括至少一個媒體流之一描述的該Rx會話,而將一請求訊息傳送給該PCRF。 In the fourteenth example, a computer-readable medium may contain program instructions for one or more processors to: receive a SIP message including a first indication that the SIP message originates from a remote UE, using The PCRF establishes or modifies an Rx session, and transmits a request message to the PCRF through the Rx session described by a communication session corresponding to the remote UE including at least one media stream.
於實例15中,實例14之主旨可進一步包括其中該SIP訊息包括一SIP REGISTER訊息。 In Example 15, the subject matter of Example 14 may further include that the SIP message includes a SIP REGISTER message.
於實例16中,實例14之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該SIP訊息包括一SIP INVITE訊息。 In Example 16, the subject of Example 14 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the SIP message includes a SIP INVITE message.
於實例17中,實例14之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該請求訊息包括一[Rx]AAR訊息。 In Example 17, the subject of Example 14 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the request message includes an [Rx] AAR message.
於實例18中,實例14之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該請求訊息包括該至少一個媒體流之該等品質要求的一第三指示。 In Example 18, the subject matter of Example 14 or any of the examples herein may further include a third indication in which the request message includes the quality requirements of the at least one media stream.
於實例19中,實例14之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該第三指示包括下列中之至少一 者:一QoS參數、一QCI、一分配及ARP、或一GBR。 In Example 19, any of the subject matter of Example 14 or the examples herein may further include wherein the third indication includes at least one of the following Either: one QoS parameter, one QCI, one allocation and ARP, or one GBR.
於第20實例中,一種P-CSCF裝置可包含:用於接收接收一會話起始協定(SIP)訊息的構件,其包括該SIP訊息源自於一遠端UE的一第一指示;用於使用該PCRF建立或修飾一Rx會話的構件;及用於透過對應於該遠端UE之一通訊會話包括至少一個媒體流之一描述的該Rx會話,而將一請求訊息傳送給該PCRF的構件。 In the 20th example, a P-CSCF device may include: means for receiving a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) message, including a first indication that the SIP message originated from a remote UE; A component for establishing or modifying an Rx session using the PCRF; and a component for sending a request message to the PCRF through the Rx session described by a communication session corresponding to the remote UE including at least one media stream .
於實例21中,實例20之主旨可進一步包括其中該SIP訊息包括一SIP REGISTER訊息。 In Example 21, the subject matter of Example 20 may further include that the SIP message includes a SIP REGISTER message.
於實例22中,實例20之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該SIP訊息包括一SIP INVITE訊息。 In Example 22, the subject of Example 20 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the SIP message includes a SIP INVITE message.
於實例23中,實例20之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該請求訊息包括一[Rx]AAR訊息。 In Example 23, any of the subject matter of Example 20 or the examples herein may further include wherein the request message includes an [Rx] AAR message.
於第24實例中,一或多個網路裝置可包括:一或多個網路介面裝置用以透過一無線電信網路的一無線電接取網路(RAN)而與使用者設備裝置(UE)通訊;及電路用以:透過一第二UE,接收源自於一第一UE的一請求來建立該第一UE與一第三UE間之一呼叫;基於該請求,判定與建置該呼叫相關聯的一品質水準;判定與建置該呼叫相關聯的該品質水準具有一相似的品質水準之另一呼叫相關聯的一網路承載者是否已經被分配給該第二UE;當該網路承載者已經被分配給該第二UE時,綁定該呼叫至該網路承載者,及基於與建置該呼叫相關聯的該品質水準,修飾分配給該網路承載者的網路資源;及當該網路承載者尚未被分配給該 第二UE時,基於與建置該呼叫相關聯的該品質水準,分配一新網路承載者給該第二UE,及綁定該呼叫至該新網路承載者。 In the twenty-fourth example, the one or more network devices may include: one or more network interface devices for communicating with user equipment devices (UE) through a radio access network (RAN) of a wireless telecommunication network ) Communication; and a circuit for: receiving a request originating from a first UE through a second UE to establish a call between the first UE and a third UE; based on the request, determining and configuring the A quality level associated with the call; determine whether a network bearer associated with another call that has a similar quality level with the quality level associated with the establishment of the call has been assigned to the second UE; When the network bearer has been assigned to the second UE, bind the call to the network bearer, and modify the network assigned to the network bearer based on the quality level associated with the establishment of the call Resources; and when the network carrier has not been allocated to the In the case of the second UE, based on the quality level associated with the establishment of the call, a new network bearer is allocated to the second UE, and the call is bound to the new network bearer.
於實例25中,實例24之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中該電路係用以:在建立該呼叫之該請求之前,透過該無線電信網路之一Gx介面,建立用於該第二UE之一控制會話,源自於該第一UE及透過該第二UE,接收一請求用以註冊該第一UE於該無線電信網路之一IMS,透過該無線電信網路之一Rx介面,針對該第一UE建立一控制會話,及映射透過該Gx介面的該控制會話至透過該Rx介面的該控制會話。 In Example 25, the subject matter of Example 24 or any of the examples herein may further include wherein the circuit is used to: before the request to establish the call, through a Gx interface of the wireless telecommunication network, to establish a A control session on the second UE originates from the first UE and receives a request through the second UE to register the first UE in an IMS of the wireless telecommunication network, through the wireless telecommunication network An Rx interface establishes a control session for the first UE, and maps the control session through the Gx interface to the control session through the Rx interface.
於實例26中,實例24之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中用以註冊該第一UE之該請求包括該第一UE係操作為一遠端UE之一指示。 In Example 26, the subject matter of Example 24 or any of the examples herein may further include an indication where the request to register the first UE includes that the first UE is operating as a remote UE.
於實例27中,實例24之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中為了映射該Gx介面之該通訊會話至該Rx介面之該通訊會話,該電路係用以:基於與該第二UE相關聯的一IPv6位址,來識別與該第一UE相關聯的一IPv6前綴。 In Example 27, the subject matter of Example 24 or any of the examples herein may further include that in order to map the communication session of the Gx interface to the communication session of the Rx interface, the circuit is used to: An IPv6 address associated with the second UE is used to identify an IPv6 prefix associated with the first UE.
於實例28中,實例24之主旨或本文之實例中之任一者可進一步包括其中:該Gx介面包括一EPC之一PDN PGW與一PCRF間之一通訊介面,及該Rx介面包括該EPC之該PCRF與該IMS之一P-CSCF間之一通訊介面。 In Example 28, the subject matter of Example 24 or any of the examples herein may further include: the Gx interface includes a communication interface between an EPC, a PDN PGW and a PCRF, and the Rx interface includes a communication interface between the EPC A communication interface between the PCRF and a P-CSCF of the IMS.
於實例29中,實例24之主旨或本文之實例中之任 一者可進一步包括其中用以建立該呼叫之該請求包括第一UE係操作為一遠端UE的一指示。 In Example 29, the subject matter of Example 24 or any of the examples herein One may further include where the request to establish the call includes an indication that the first UE is operating as a remote UE.
於前文說明書中,已經參考附圖描述各種實施例。然而,不背離如下申請專利範圍陳述的更廣義範圍可對其做出各種修飾及變化,且可實施額外實施例。據此,說明書及附圖須視為例示性而非限制性意義。 In the foregoing specification, various embodiments have been described with reference to the drawings. However, various modifications and changes can be made to it without departing from the broader scope stated in the following claims, and additional embodiments can be implemented. Accordingly, the description and drawings must be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.
舉例言之,雖然已經就圖4描述系列信號,但於其它實施例中信號之順序可予修改。又,可並列進行非相依性信號。 For example, although the series of signals have been described with reference to FIG. 4, the order of the signals may be modified in other embodiments. In addition, non-dependent signals can be performed in parallel.
顯示如前文描述,實例面向可於圖式中例示的建置中以軟體、韌體、及硬體的許多不同形式實施。用以實施此等面向之實際軟體碼或特定控制硬體不應解譯為限制性。因此,該等面向之操作及表現未參考特定軟體碼描述-須瞭解軟體及控制硬體可設計來基於本文描述實施該等面向。 The display is as described above, and the examples are oriented to implement many different forms of software, firmware, and hardware in the implementation illustrated in the figure. The actual software code or specific control hardware used to implement these aspects should not be interpreted as restrictive. Therefore, the operations and performance of these aspects do not refer to specific software code descriptions-it is necessary to understand that software and control hardware can be designed to implement these aspects based on the description in this article.
又,某些部分可建置為進行一或多個功能的「邏輯」。此種邏輯可包括硬體,諸如特定應用積體電路(ASIC)或可現場程式規劃閘陣列(FPGA),或硬體與軟體的組合。 Also, some parts can be built as "logic" that performs one or more functions. Such logic may include hardware, such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) or field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a combination of hardware and software.
即便於申請專利範圍中引述及/或於說明書中揭示特定特徵的組合,但此等組合並非意圖為限制性。實際上,此等特徵中之許多者可以申請專利範圍中未特別引述及/或說明書中未特別揭示之方式組合。 Even if combinations of specific features are cited in the scope of patent application and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to be limiting. In fact, many of these features can be combined in ways that are not specifically cited in the scope of the patent application and/or are not specifically disclosed in the specification.
除非如此特別明確描述否則本案中使用的元件、動作、或指令不應解譯為關鍵性或必要性。如此處使 用,術語「及」的使用例並非必然排除片語「及/或」意圖用於該例的解釋。同理,如此處使用,術語「或」的使用例並非必然排除片語「及/或」意圖用於該例的解釋。又,如此處使用,冠詞「一」意圖包括一或多個項目,且可與片語「一或多個」互換使用。當意圖只有一個項目時,使用術語「一個」、「單一」、「只有」、或類似語言。 The elements, actions, or instructions used in this case should not be construed as critical or necessary unless they are specifically described clearly in this way. As here The use of the term "and" does not necessarily exclude the use of the phrase "and/or" in the interpretation of the example. In the same way, as used herein, the use of the term "or" does not necessarily preclude the phrase "and/or" from being intended to be used in the interpretation of the example. Also, as used herein, the article "a" is intended to include one or more items, and can be used interchangeably with the phrase "one or more." When the intention is only one item, use the terms "one", "single", "only", or similar language.
100‧‧‧環境 100‧‧‧Environment
110‧‧‧使用者設備裝置(UE) 110‧‧‧User Equipment (UE)
115‧‧‧演進節點B(eNB) 115‧‧‧Evolved Node B (eNB)
120‧‧‧服務閘道器(SGW) 120‧‧‧Service Gateway (SGW)
125‧‧‧封包資料網路(PDN)閘道器(PGW) 125‧‧‧Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (PGW)
130‧‧‧行動管理實體(MME) 130‧‧‧Mobile Management Entity (MME)
135‧‧‧家庭用戶伺服器(HSS) 135‧‧‧Home User Server (HSS)
140‧‧‧策略及計費規則功能(PCRF) 140‧‧‧Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF)
150‧‧‧電話應用伺服器(TAS) 150‧‧‧Telephone Application Server (TAS)
155‧‧‧代理呼叫會話控制功能(P-CSCF) 155‧‧‧Proxy call session control function (P-CSCF)
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WO2018082559A1 (en) | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-11 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Service differentiation for devices connected to a ue as a router |
US11229073B2 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2022-01-18 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | Network connection configuration method and related product |
US11032733B2 (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2021-06-08 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Adaptive quality of service for enterprise traffic |
WO2019127954A1 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for improving network performance |
KR20220125094A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-09-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Electronic device and method for processing a call based on ip multimedia subsystem in electronic device |
WO2022217540A1 (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-10-20 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Wireless communication methods, and devices and storage medium |
US11824904B1 (en) | 2022-11-18 | 2023-11-21 | T-Mobile Usa, Inc. | Verifying delivery of rich call data object to a terminating wireless device |
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CN102948115A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2013-02-27 | 泰克莱克股份有限公司 | Methods, systems, and computer readable media for policy charging and rules function (pcrf) node selection |
US20120281685A1 (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-08 | Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. | Handling multiple voice over internet protocol (voip) calls via a single bearer |
US20130279406A1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-24 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Policy and charging control methods |
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