TWI722960B - End-respiratory pressure dispersing breath assisting training device - Google Patents

Abstract

An end-respiratory pressure dispersing auxiliary breath assisting training device, which is wore on the nasal or oral area of a user, includes an exhale shunting device having a first end face and an opposite second end face. The exhale shunting device further includes a discharge bore passing the first end face, and a shunting channel in communication with the discharge bore. An axis of the shunting channel crosses an axis of the discharge bore. During the exhaling process, the airflow is guided from the discharge bore to be exhausted from the shunting channel for dispersing the end-respiratory pressure, thereby improving the comfort of the user wearing the device, allowing the user to wear the device for longer duration and facilitating the breath training objective.

Description

Respiratory auxiliary training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure

The invention relates to a respirator, in particular to a breathing assist training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure.

At present, respiratory therapy technology has developed a variety of positive airway pressure (PAP), expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) and positive expiratory pressure (PEP) or positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) to achieve continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ), wherein, when the wearer exhales, the aforementioned respiratory treatment device can form an expiratory pressure in the respiratory airway, thereby providing the effect of improving bronchial health care.

For the exhalation positive airway pressure (EPAP) device, the user can only discharge air through the outlet valve hole during the exhalation process. At this time, the expiratory pressure will exert a force on the valve hole, making the wearer exhale The process is easy to produce symptoms of poor breathing, thus reducing the comfort of wearing and using.

To solve the above-mentioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a breathing assistance training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure, which can effectively disperse the expiratory pressure, thereby increasing the comfort during wearing.

In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a breathing aid training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure for users to wear on the nose or mouth. The breathing assist training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure includes an exhalation The flow divider has a first end surface and a second end surface away from the first end surface. The exhalation divider is provided with an exhaust hole through the first end surface, and the exhalation divider is further provided with a communicating exhaust hole. The shunt passage, the axis of the shunt passage intersects with the axis of the exhaust hole, so that when the exhalation shunt moves, the airflow is guided from the exhaust hole to the shunt passage to discharge and disperse the end pressure of the airflow.

Therefore, when the user exhales, the expiratory shunt of the present invention can slow down the user's exhalation speed, and can effectively reduce the force of the end-expiratory pressure, thereby increasing the comfort during wearing , So that users can wear it for a longer time, and achieve the purpose of breathing training.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 15, the present invention provides a breathing assistance training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure, which, as shown in Figure 1, is the first embodiment of the present invention; Figures 2 to 10 Shown is the second embodiment of the present invention; as shown in Figures 11 and 12, it is the third embodiment of the present invention; as shown in Figures 13 and 14, it is the fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 As shown, it is the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Please cooperate with FIG. 1, the breathing assist training device of the first embodiment of the present invention is used for the user 1 to wear on the nose 2 or the mouth 3, and the breathing assist training device includes an expiratory shunt 10.

The expiratory shunt 10 has a first end surface 11 and a second end surface 12 away from the first end surface 11. The expiratory shunt 10 is provided with an exhaust hole 13 and a shunt passage 14, and the exhaust hole 13 is penetrated On the first end surface 11, the shunt passage 14 is connected to the exhaust hole 13, and the axis of the shunt passage 14 intersects with the axis of the exhaust hole 13, so that the exhalation shunt 10 will self-exhaust when the user 1 exhales. The hole 13 guides the shunt channel 14 to discharge and disperse the end pressure of the airflow; thereby, the expiratory shunt 10 of the present invention can effectively reduce the force of the end expiratory pressure, and, in some embodiments, the expiratory shunt 10 of the present invention is more It can be used with an exhalation positive airway pressure (EPAP) device, thereby increasing the comfort of wearing and using, so that the user 1 can wear it for a longer time, so as to achieve the benefits of breathing training.

To further illustrate, the expiratory shunt 10 is further provided with a first airflow resistance part 15 and a second airflow resistance part 16. The first airflow resistance part 15 is connected to the first end surface 11, and the second airflow resistance part 16 is connected to the second end surface. 12. In this embodiment, the exhaust hole 13 axially penetrates the first airflow resistance portion 15 and the second airflow resistance portion 16, so that the exhaust hole 13 forms a first through opening 131 at the first end surface 11, The air hole 13 forms a second port 132 on the second end surface 12, wherein the aperture of the first port 131 is larger than the aperture of the second port 132, so that the user 1 is in the exhalation process, the first airflow resistance portion 15 Separately from the second airflow resistance part 16, it can generate the function of expiratory resistance, and then achieve the function of positive end-expiratory pressure.

In addition, the expiratory shunt 10 is further provided with a fluid stopper 17 which is combined with the second airflow resistance part 16. The fluid stopper 17 and the second airflow resistance part 16 can be integrally formed or mutually formed. Assembled, and the fluid stopper 17 can be any shape such as a cylindrical shape, a wine glass shape, a keyhole shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, and the like. The shunt passage 14 penetrates the fluid stop portion 17 and communicates with the second through port 132 so that the axis of the shunt passage 14 intersects the axis of the exhaust hole 13, and an opening 171 is formed on both sides of the fluid stop portion 17. In some embodiments, the calibers of the two openings 171 can be adjusted to be the same or different according to requirements, and each opening 171 can be further provided with an exhaust valve plate (not shown in the figure), so that the user 1 is in the inhalation process, The exhaust valve sheet of the opening 171 forms a covered state, which can prevent the airflow from being guided to the exhaust hole 13 through the opening 171 to enter the body of the user 1.

Furthermore, the cross section of the fluid stopper 17 is U-shaped. The fluid stopper 17 has an open end 172 and a closed end 173. The shunt channel 14 is provided between the open end 172 and the closed end 173, wherein the open end 172 is provided with There is a pivot point 174 for pivoting on the side of the second airflow resistance part 16, so that the fluid stop part 17 can swing relative to the second airflow resistance part 16 through the pivot point 174 to adjust the axis of the shunt channel 14 and the exhaust hole The angle of the axis 13 is such that when the user 1 exhales, the shunt channel 14 can more effectively disperse the end pressure of the airflow generated by the exhaust hole 13, thereby improving the comfort of wearing.

In addition, please cooperate with Figures 2 to 9 to illustrate the second embodiment of the present invention, the breathing assistance training device. The difference between the second embodiment and the aforementioned first embodiment is that the breathing assistance training device is for the user 1 to wear on the nose. Part 2, therefore, the design and shape of the breathing assist training device further includes a nasal congestion breathing unit 20 and a one-way valve body 30.

The nasal congestion breathing unit 20 is assembled with the aforementioned expiratory shunt 10 for being worn on the nose 2 of the user 1. The nasal congestion breathing unit 20 includes a breathing member 21, and the breathing member 21 is axially provided with an axis L , One end of the axis L has a first diversion portion 211, and the other end of the axis L has a second diversion portion 212, the first diversion portion 211 is penetrated with a first air hole 213 and a second The air hole 214 and the second guide portion 212 are provided with a fluid channel 215, and the first air hole 213 and the second air hole 214 are respectively connected to the fluid channel 215.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the first deflector 211 includes a deflector 211a and a stop baffle 211b. The deflector 211a is connected to the second deflector 212, and the deflector 211a is penetrated by the second deflector 212. An air hole 213 and a plurality of second air holes 214. The first air holes 213 are arranged along the axis line L. The second air holes 214 are distributed around the first air holes 213. The stop plate 211b is spaced away from the second air guiding portion 212. On the outer side of the deflector 211a, the stop plate 211b is provided with a set of contact holes 216 corresponding to the first air hole 213, and an air inlet groove 217 communicating with each second air hole 214 is formed between the stop plate 211b and the deflector 211a. In the embodiment, the first airflow resistance portion 15 of the expiratory shunt 10 is sleeved on the connecting hole 216 of the stop plate 211b, so that the exhaust hole 13 of the expiratory shunt 10 is connected to the first air hole 213 and the fluid channel 215.

As shown in FIG. 6, the nasal congestion breathing unit 20 further includes a hollow nasal plug 22. The nasal plug 22 is made of elastic material. The nasal plug 22 has an elastic sleeve fixed end 221 and a wearing end 222. The elastic sleeve fixed end 221 is sleeved. It is arranged at the second diversion part 212 and the wearing end 222 is for the user 1 to wear in the nasal cavity, so that the breathing piece 21 is exposed on the nose 2.

The one-way valve body 30 is arranged between the first guide portion 211 and the second guide portion 212 of the breathing piece 21. In this embodiment, the one-way valve body 30 is disc-shaped, and the one-way valve body 30 It is arranged perpendicular to the axis L, but the shape and arrangement of the one-way valve body 30 of the present invention are not limited to this. Among them, the one-way valve body 30 is provided with an elastic spiral valve plate 31, and the one-way valve body 30 is sucked by the user 1 During the air movement, the air flow passes through the second air hole 214 of the first guide portion 211 and expands the elastic spiral valve plate 31 toward the nasal plug 22 to form an open state, so that the air flow is guided from the fluid channel 215 to the nasal plug 22 and enters the nasal cavity.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the one-way valve body 30 is provided with a vent 32 through which the vent 32 is located at the center of the elastic spiral valve plate 31 along the axis L, and Corresponding to the first air hole 213 connected to the first guide portion 211, in some embodiments, the air holes 32 can also be distributed on the elastic spiral valve plate 31, so that the one-way valve body 30 is elastic when the user 1 performs an exhalation action. The spiral valve disc 31 is pressed against the baffle 211a of the first baffle 211 by the air flow to form a covering state, so that the air flow enters the first air hole 213 from the air vent 32 to be directed to the exhaust hole 13 of the expiratory shunt 10 to be discharged.

Please cooperate with FIGS. 7-9. In the embodiment of the present invention, the fluid stop 17 is made of elastic material; when the user 1 wears the nasal congestion breathing unit 20 for inhalation, most of the external airflow will pass through the first guide The air inlet groove 217 of the flow portion 211 enters the second air hole 214 in a concentrated manner. The closed end 173 of the fluid stop portion 17 is affected by the inhalation and will bend and deform toward the open end 172; at this time, the external airflow can push the elasticity away through the second air hole 214. The spiral valve plate 31 forms an open state, so that the external air flow is guided from the fluid channel 215 to the nasal plug 22 and enters the nasal cavity.

Please cooperate with Figures 7 and 10 when the user 1 wears the nasal congestion breathing unit 20 to exhale from the nose 2, the airflow presses the elastic spiral valve plate 31 to form a covering state, so that most of the airflow passes through the ventilation of the one-way valve body 30 The hole 32 guides the exhaust hole 13 of the expiratory shunt 10 to discharge. It should be noted that the one-way valve body 30 has an expiratory resistance function, which can slow down the exhalation speed of the user 1, thereby providing positive end-expiratory pressure. Function, at this time, the shunt channel 14 of the expiratory shunt 10 can effectively disperse the end pressure of the airflow generated by the exhaust hole 13, and can provide comfort for wearing when used in sleep.

In addition, please cooperate with FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 to illustrate the breathing assistance training device of the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the third embodiment and the foregoing second embodiment is that the breathing assistance training device further includes a positioning unit 40 that can Improve the stability of wearing and using the breathing assist training device.

The positioning unit 40 is used for assembling two nasal congestion breathing units 20. The positioning unit 40 includes two sets of connecting sleeves 41 and a positioning member 42. Each connecting sleeve 41 is respectively sleeved and fixed on each breathing piece 21 and each nasal congestion Between the pieces 22, the positioning piece 42 is connected to the two sets of socket rings 41 for fixing to the face of the user 1. As shown in FIG. 11, the positioning piece 42 includes a fixing block 421 and an elastic positioning rod 422. The fixing block 421 is used to connect two sets of connecting collars 41. The elastic positioning rod 422 is a soft rubber-coated iron wire that can provide elastic bending. Both ends of the elastic positioning rod 422 are respectively provided with a first positioning patch 423 and a second Positioning patch 424.

Please cooperate with FIG. 12, when the two nasal congestion breathing units 20 are respectively worn on the nose 2 of the user 1, the user 1 can bend the elastic positioning rod 422 according to the shape of the nose 2 to attach the first positioning patch 423 At the root of the nose 2, the second positioning patch 424 is positioned below the nose 2 in the middle of the person. As a result, the positioning unit 40 can raise the two nasal congestion breathing units 20 when the breathing assistance training device of the present invention is used in sleep. The stability of wearing and use makes it difficult for the breathing assist training device to fall off the nose 2, thereby improving the effectiveness of breathing training.

In addition, please cooperate with FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 to illustrate the breathing assistance training device of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the foregoing third embodiment is that the positioning unit 40 can provide the breathing assistance training device to adjust the wearing position Therefore, the design and shape of the positioning member 42' of the positioning unit 40' of the fourth embodiment are different from the positioning member 42 of the positioning unit 40 of the third embodiment described above.

Specifically, the positioning member 42' of the positioning unit 40' includes a fixed rod 421', an arc-shaped pivot portion 422', and a positioning block 423'. The fixed rod 421' is assembled to the two sets of socket rings 41' In between, please cooperate with Figure 12, the arc-shaped pivoting portion 422' is arranged under the fixing rod 421', the positioning block 423' is connected to the arc-shaped pivoting portion 422', and the positioning block 423' is formed by the arc-shaped pivoting portion 422' relative to the fixed rod 421' to swing in an arc, and the positioning block 423' can be detachably attached to a devil felt patch 50'. In some embodiments, the arc-shaped pivoting portion 422' can be provided in each assembly. The loop 41' enables the positioning block 423' to provide the function of adjusting the breathing angle of each nasal congestion breathing unit 20.

As shown in Figure 14, when the breathing assist training device of this embodiment is actually used, the devil felt patch 50' is attached to the human position below the nose 2, and then the two nasal congestion breathing units 20 are respectively worn on The nose 2 of the user 1 is such that the positioning block 423' is combined with the devil felt patch 50', and the user 1 can adjust the positioning block 423' and the devil felt patch 50 according to the wearing depth of the nasal congestion breathing unit 20 'The bonding position, so as to achieve the effect of improving wearing comfort.

In addition, please cooperate as shown in FIG. 15 to illustrate the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the fifth embodiment and the aforementioned second embodiment is that the breathing assistance training device is for the user 1 to wear on the mouth 3. Therefore, the design and form of the breathing assist training device further includes an exhalation tube 60.

The exhalation tube 60 is combined with the aforementioned exhalation shunt 10, the exhalation tube 60 is provided with an occlusal section 61, an exhaust section 62, and an exhaust passage through which the occlusal section 61 and the exhaust section 62 are axially penetrated 63. The occlusal section 61 is used for the mouth 3 of the user 1 to bite. The first airflow resistance section 15 of the expiratory shunt 10 of this embodiment is sleeved on the exhaust section 62, so that the exhaust hole 13 and the exhaust channel 63 is connected; further description, the exhalation tube 60 is further provided with a connecting section 64, the connecting section 64 is provided between the occlusal section 61 and the exhaust section 62, and the connecting section 64 is set gradually from the occlusal section 61 toward the exhaust section 62, The exhaust passage 63 penetrates through the occluding section 61 to form a first exhaust port 631, and the exhaust passage 63 forms a second exhaust port 632 in the exhaust section 62. The diameter of the first exhaust port 631 in this embodiment is It is larger than the caliber of the second exhaust port 632.

Thereby, when the user 1 wears the exhalation tube 60 to perform mouth 3 exhalation training, the airflow can be concentrated and discharged through the first exhaust port 631 of the bite to the second exhaust port 632 of the exhaust. The exhaust part has the function of expiratory resistance, and then provides the function of positive end-expiratory pressure. Then the shunt channel 14 of the expiratory shunt 10 disperses the end-of-air pressure generated by the exhaust part, thereby improving the exhalation training of the user 1 Comfort.

The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as above, but they are not used to limit the present invention. Therefore, anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to those defined by the attached patent application scope.

1: User 22: nasal congestion 2: Nose 221: Elastic sleeve fixed end 3: mouth 222: Wearable 10: Expiratory shunt 30: Check valve body 11: The first end face 31: Elastic spiral valve disc 12: The second end face 32: Vent holes 13: Vent 40: positioning unit 131: First port 41: Assembling ring 132: second port 42: positioning parts 14: shunt channel 421: fixed block 15: The first air resistance part 422: Elastic positioning rod 16: The second air resistance part 423: The first positioning patch 17: Fluid stop 424: second positioning patch 171: open 40’: Positioning unit 172: Open End 41’: Assembling ring 173: closed end 42’: Positioning piece 174: Pivot Point 421’: fixed rod 20: nasal congestion breathing unit 422’: Arc pivot 21: Breathing pieces 423’: Positioning block 211: The first diversion part 50’: Devil Felt Patch 211a: deflector 60: Exhalation tube 211b: Stop baffle 61: occlusal segment 212: The second diversion part 62: Exhaust section 213: First Stoma 63: Exhaust channel 214: Second Stoma 631: First exhaust port 215: fluid channel 632: second exhaust port 216: Assembly hole 64: connection segment 217: Intake Slot L: axis line

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the section line 4-4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the section line 5-5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of wearing and using the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the inhalation action of the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the fluid stop portion during an inhalation action according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the exhalation action according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the wearing of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the implementation and use of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

10: Expiratory shunt

11: The first end face

12: The second end face

13: Vent

131: First port

132: second port

14: shunt channel

15: The first air resistance part

16: The second air resistance part

17: Fluid stop

171: open

172: Open End

173: closed end

174: Pivot Point

Claims (12)

A breathing aid training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure for users to wear on the nose or mouth. The breathing aid training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure includes: An exhalation shunt having a first end surface and a second end surface away from the first end surface, the exhalation shunt is provided with an exhaust hole through the first end surface, and the exhalation shunt is further provided There is a shunt passage communicating with the exhaust hole, and the axis of the shunt passage intersects the axis of the exhaust hole, so that when the expiratory shunt is exhaling, the airflow is directed from the exhaust hole to the shunt passage to be discharged and dispersed End air pressure. The respiratory assistance training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure according to claim 1, wherein the expiratory shunt is provided with a first airflow resistance part and a second airflow resistance part, and the first airflow resistance part is connected to the The first end face, the second airflow resistance part is connected to the second end face, the exhaust hole penetrates the first airflow resistance part and the second airflow resistance part axially, so that the first end face forms a first communication A second port is formed on the second end surface, and the aperture of the first port is larger than the aperture of the second port. The breathing assistance training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure according to claim 2, wherein the expiratory shunt is further provided with a fluid stopper, the fluid stopper is arranged at the second airflow resistance part, and the shunt The channel penetrates the fluid stop part and communicates with the second port, so that the axis of the branch channel intersects the axis of the exhaust hole, and an opening is formed on both sides of the fluid stop part. The breathing assistance training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure according to claim 3, wherein the fluid stop has a U-shaped cross-section and has an open end and a closed end, and the shunt channel is provided between the open end and the closed end. A pivot point is provided between the closed end and the open end for pivoting on the side surface of the second airflow resistance part, so that the fluid stop part can swing relative to the second airflow resistance part. According to claim 3 or 4, the breathing assistance training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure, wherein the fluid stopper is made of elastic material. The breathing assistance training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure according to claim 3, further comprising a nasal congestion breathing unit, which is combined with the expiratory shunt for being worn on the nose of the user, and the nasal congestion breathing The unit includes a breathing piece and a nasal plug. The breathing piece is axially provided with an axis line, one end of the axis line has a first diversion portion, and the other end has a second diversion portion, the first guide A first air hole and a second air hole penetrate through the flow portion, the second diversion portion is penetrated with a fluid channel connecting the first air hole and the second air hole, and the second air flow resistance part of the expiratory shunt is sleeved Connected to the first diversion part, so that the exhaust hole of the expiratory shunt is connected to the first air hole and the fluid channel, the nasal plug is hollow, the nasal plug has an elastic sleeve end and a wearer The fixed end of the elastic sleeve is sleeved on the second diversion part, and the wearing end is for the user to wear in the nasal cavity, so that the breathing piece is exposed on the nose. The breathing assistance training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure according to claim 6, wherein the first air deflector includes a deflector and a stop baffle, and the deflector is connected to the second deflector , The deflector is perforated with the first air hole and a plurality of second air holes, the first air hole is arranged along the axis line, the second air holes are distributed around the first air hole, and the stop plate is far away from the The second air guide portion is spaced apart on the outer side of the air guide plate, the stop plate is provided with a set of connecting holes corresponding to the first air hole, and a connecting hole is formed between the stop plate and the air guide plate to communicate with each of the second air holes. Intake slot. The breathing assistance training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure according to claim 6, further comprising a one-way valve body, which is arranged between the first diversion portion and the second diversion portion, the one-way valve body An elastic spiral valve plate is provided. When the one-way valve body is inhaling, the airflow passes through the second air hole of the first guide portion, and the elastic spiral valve plate is expanded toward the nasal plug to form an open state, so that the airflow is free from The fluid channel guides the nasal plug and enters the nasal cavity. The breathing assistance training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure according to claim 8, wherein the one-way valve body is provided with a vent hole, and the vent hole is arranged at the center position of the elastic spiral valve plate along the axis line , And connected to the first air hole and the fluid channel, when the one-way valve body is exhaling, the elastic spiral valve plate is pressed against the first diversion part by the airflow to form a covering state, so that the airflow flows from the air hole Enter the first air hole to guide the exhaust hole to discharge. The breathing assistance training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure as described in claim 6 or 8, further includes a positioning unit for connecting two nasal congestion breathing units, and the positioning unit includes two sets of socket rings and one A positioning piece, the two sets of socket rings are respectively sleeved and fixed between each of the breathing pieces and each of the nasal plug pieces, and the positioning piece is connected to the two sets of socket rings for fixing on the user's face. The respiratory assistance training device with dispersing end-expiratory pressure according to claim 3, further comprising an expiratory tube, which is combined with the expiratory shunt, and the expiratory tube is provided with an occlusal section and an exhaust section, And an exhaust passage axially penetrating the occlusal section and the exhaust section, the occlusal section is for the user's mouth to bite, and the first airflow resistance part of the expiratory shunt is sleeved on the exhaust section , And make the exhaust hole communicate with the exhaust passage. The respiratory assistance training device with dispersed end-expiratory pressure according to claim 11, wherein the exhalation tube is further provided with a connecting section, the connecting section is arranged between the occlusal section and the exhaust section, and the connecting section The occluding section is tapered and arranged toward the exhaust section, so that the exhaust passage penetrates the occluding section to form a first exhaust port, and the exhaust passage forms a second exhaust port in the exhaust section, The diameter of the first exhaust port is larger than that of the second exhaust port.

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