TWI722145B - Network function virtualization - Google Patents
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- TWI722145B TWI722145B TW106109384A TW106109384A TWI722145B TW I722145 B TWI722145 B TW I722145B TW 106109384 A TW106109384 A TW 106109384A TW 106109384 A TW106109384 A TW 106109384A TW I722145 B TWI722145 B TW I722145B
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- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
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- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
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Abstract
Description
本揭示之實施例一般關於網路領域,更具體地關於胞狀網路中網路功能虛擬化的裝置及方法。 The embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of networking, and more specifically relate to devices and methods for virtualizing network functions in a cellular network.
網路編排是實體與虛擬裝置的管理,以滿足網路的部署與操作要求。歐洲電信標準協會(European Telecommunications Standards Institute,ETSI)、網路功能虛擬化(network function virtualization,NFV)、管理與協調(management and orchestration,MANO)描述了一個提供虛擬化網路功能及相關操作的框架,例如配置虛擬化網路功能及對應的基礎建設。 Network orchestration is the management of physical and virtual devices to meet the requirements of network deployment and operation. European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), network function virtualization (NFV), management and orchestration (MANO) describe a framework that provides virtualized network functions and related operations , Such as configuring virtualized network functions and corresponding infrastructure.
100‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化(NFV)架構 100‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Architecture
104‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化-管理與協調(NFV-MANO)系統 104‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization-Management and Coordination (NFV-MANO) System
108‧‧‧核心網路(CN)服務系統 108‧‧‧Core Network (CN) Service System
112‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化調度器(NFVO) 112‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization Scheduler (NFVO)
116‧‧‧虛擬網路功能管理器(VNFM) 116‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Manager (VNFM)
118‧‧‧全域監視器 118‧‧‧Global Monitor
120‧‧‧虛擬化基礎建設管理器(VIM) 120‧‧‧Virtualization Infrastructure Manager (VIM)
122‧‧‧網路服務(NS)目錄 122‧‧‧Network Service (NS) Directory
124‧‧‧虛擬網路功能(VNF)目錄 124‧‧‧Virtual Network Function (VNF) Directory
128‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化(NFV)實例儲存庫 128‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Instance Repository
132‧‧‧NFV基礎建設(NFVI)儲存庫 132‧‧‧NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) Repository
136‧‧‧營運支援系統/業務支援系統(OSS/BSS) 136‧‧‧Operation Support System/Business Support System (OSS/BSS)
140‧‧‧元件管理器(EM) 140‧‧‧Component Manager (EM)
144‧‧‧虛擬網路功能(VNF) 144‧‧‧Virtual Network Function (VNF)
148‧‧‧NFV基礎建設(NFVI) 148‧‧‧NFV Infrastructure (NFVI)
204‧‧‧NS記錄(NSR)管理器 204‧‧‧NS Record (NSR) Manager
208‧‧‧預測引擎 208‧‧‧Prediction Engine
212‧‧‧策略目錄 212‧‧‧Strategy Directory
216‧‧‧監視模組 216‧‧‧Monitoring Module
220‧‧‧設定檔引擎 220‧‧‧Profile Engine
300‧‧‧部署樣板描述符資料模型 300‧‧‧Deployment template descriptor data model
304‧‧‧網路服務描述符(NSD) 304‧‧‧Network Service Descriptor (NSD)
308‧‧‧VNF描述符(VNFD) 308‧‧‧VNF Descriptor (VNFD)
312‧‧‧VNF描述符(VNFD) 312‧‧‧VNF Descriptor (VNFD)
316‧‧‧VNF描述符(VNFD) 316‧‧‧VNF Descriptor (VNFD)
320‧‧‧虛擬鏈路描述符(VLD) 320‧‧‧Virtual Link Descriptor (VLD)
324‧‧‧虛擬鏈路描述符(VLD) 324‧‧‧Virtual Link Descriptor (VLD)
328‧‧‧VNF轉送圖描述符(VNFFGD) 328‧‧‧VNF Transfer Picture Descriptor (VNFFGD)
332‧‧‧VNF轉送圖描述符(VNFFGD) 332‧‧‧VNF Transfer Picture Descriptor (VNFFGD)
336‧‧‧虛擬化部署單元(VDU) 336‧‧‧Virtualization Deployment Unit (VDU)
340‧‧‧虛擬化部署單元(VDU) 340‧‧‧Virtualization Deployment Unit (VDU)
344‧‧‧虛擬化部署單元(VDU) 344‧‧‧Virtualization Deployment Unit (VDU)
348‧‧‧虛擬化部署單元(VDU) 348‧‧‧Virtualization Deployment Unit (VDU)
352‧‧‧虛擬化部署單元(VDU) 352‧‧‧Virtualization Deployment Unit (VDU)
356‧‧‧虛擬化部署單元(VDU) 356‧‧‧Virtualization Deployment Unit (VDU)
360‧‧‧虛擬化部署單元(VDU) 360‧‧‧Virtualization Deployment Unit (VDU)
364‧‧‧計算資源 364‧‧‧computing resources
368‧‧‧網路資源 368‧‧‧Network Resources
372‧‧‧儲存/記憶體資源 372‧‧‧Storage/Memory Resources
376‧‧‧計算資源 376‧‧‧computing resources
380‧‧‧網路資源 380‧‧‧Network Resources
384‧‧‧儲存/記憶體資源 384‧‧‧Storage/Memory Resources
388‧‧‧計算資源 388‧‧‧computing resources
392‧‧‧網路資源 392‧‧‧Network Resources
396‧‧‧儲存/記憶體資源 396‧‧‧Storage/Memory Resources
400‧‧‧主機裝置 400‧‧‧Host device
404‧‧‧平台硬體 404‧‧‧Platform hardware
408‧‧‧計算電路 408‧‧‧Calculating circuit
412‧‧‧儲存/記憶體電路 412‧‧‧Storage/Memory Circuit
416‧‧‧網路電路 416‧‧‧Network Circuit
420‧‧‧超管理器 420‧‧‧Hypermanager
424‧‧‧作業系統(OS) 424‧‧‧ Operating System (OS)
428‧‧‧控制器域0 428‧‧‧controller domain 0
432‧‧‧開放虛擬交換器(OVS) 432‧‧‧Open Virtual Switch (OVS)
436‧‧‧第2層(L2)代理器 436‧‧‧Layer 2 (L2) Agent
440‧‧‧VNF應用 440‧‧‧VNF application
444‧‧‧VNF應用 444‧‧‧VNF application
448‧‧‧虛擬網路功能元件(VNFC) 448‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Component (VNFC)
452‧‧‧虛擬網路功能元件(VNFC) 452‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Component (VNFC)
456‧‧‧虛擬網路功能元件(VNFC) 456‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Component (VNFC)
460‧‧‧虛擬網路功能元件(VNFC) 460‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Component (VNFC)
464‧‧‧虛擬網路功能元件(VNFC) 464‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Component (VNFC)
468‧‧‧虛擬網路功能元件(VNFC) 468‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Component (VNFC)
472‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 472‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
474‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 474‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
476‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 476‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
478‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 478‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
480‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 480‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
482‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 482‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
484‧‧‧本地監視器 484‧‧‧Local Monitor
486‧‧‧本地監視器 486‧‧‧Local Monitor
488‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 488‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
490‧‧‧虛擬機器(VM) 490‧‧‧Virtual Machine (VM)
1000‧‧‧網路 1000‧‧‧Internet
1004‧‧‧營運支援系統/業務支援系統(OSS/BSS) 1004‧‧‧Operation Support System/Business Support System (OSS/BSS)
1008‧‧‧網路管理器(NM) 1008‧‧‧Network Manager (NM)
1012‧‧‧元件管理器(EM) 1012‧‧‧Component Manager (EM)
1016‧‧‧元件管理器(EM) 1016‧‧‧Component Manager (EM)
1020‧‧‧實體網路基礎建設 1020‧‧‧Physical network infrastructure
1024‧‧‧網路元件(NE) 1024‧‧‧Network Components (NE)
1028‧‧‧網路元件(NE) 1028‧‧‧Network Components (NE)
1032‧‧‧網路元件(NE) 1032‧‧‧Network Components (NE)
1036‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化調度器(NFVO) 1036‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization Scheduler (NFVO)
1040‧‧‧虛擬網路功能管理器(VNFM) 1040‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Manager (VNFM)
1044‧‧‧虛擬化基礎建設管理器(VIM) 1044‧‧‧Virtualization Infrastructure Manager (VIM)
1048‧‧‧NFV基礎建設(NFVI) 1048‧‧‧NFV Infrastructure (NFVI)
1052‧‧‧平台硬體 1052‧‧‧Platform hardware
1056‧‧‧虛擬化層 1056‧‧‧Virtualization layer
1060‧‧‧虛擬網路功能(VNF) 1060‧‧‧Virtual Network Function (VNF)
1064‧‧‧虛擬網路功能(VNF) 1064‧‧‧Virtual Network Function (VNF)
1100‧‧‧電腦系統 1100‧‧‧Computer system
1104‧‧‧處理器電路 1104‧‧‧Processor circuit
1108‧‧‧系統記憶體 1108‧‧‧System memory
1112‧‧‧非揮發性記憶體NVM/儲存器 1112‧‧‧NVM/Storage
1116‧‧‧通訊電路 1116‧‧‧Communication circuit
1120‧‧‧介面電路 1120‧‧‧Interface circuit
1200‧‧‧乙太網路控制器 1200‧‧‧Ethernet Controller
1212‧‧‧主機介面 1212‧‧‧Host Interface
1216‧‧‧佇列管理及排程(QMS)電路 1216‧‧‧Queue Management and Scheduling (QMS) Circuit
1220‧‧‧協定加速/卸載(A/O)電路 1220‧‧‧Protocol Acceleration/Offload (A/O) Circuit
1224‧‧‧流量分類器 1224‧‧‧Traffic Classifier
1228‧‧‧媒體存取控制器 1228‧‧‧Media Access Controller
1232‧‧‧PHY 1232‧‧‧PHY
1236‧‧‧頻內管理電路 1236‧‧‧Intra-frequency management circuit
1904‧‧‧電腦可讀取媒體 1904‧‧‧Computer readable media
1908‧‧‧程式指令 1908‧‧‧Program command
透過下面結合附圖的詳細描述將容易理解實施例。為了便於說明,相同的標號表示相同的結構元件。在附圖中透過示例的方式而非限制的方式說明實施例。 The embodiments will be easily understood through the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For ease of description, the same reference numerals denote the same structural elements. The embodiments are illustrated in the drawings by way of example rather than limitation.
圖1示出依據一些實施例之NFV架構及參考點。 Figure 1 shows the NFV architecture and reference points according to some embodiments.
圖2示出依據一些實施例之圖1的NFV架構的部分。 Figure 2 shows a portion of the NFV architecture of Figure 1 in accordance with some embodiments.
圖3示出依據一些實施例之用於網路服務描述符的部署樣板描述符資料模型。 Figure 3 shows a deployment template descriptor data model for web service descriptors according to some embodiments.
圖4示出依據一些實施例之主機裝置的架構。 Figure 4 shows the architecture of a host device according to some embodiments.
圖5示出依據一些實施例之在NFV管理平面中被動式監控的流程。 Figure 5 shows the flow of passive monitoring in the NFV management plane according to some embodiments.
圖6示出依據一些實施例之效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構的第一級。 Figure 6 shows the first level of performance monitoring and management operation flow/algorithm structure according to some embodiments.
圖7示出依據一些實施例之效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構的過度利用過程。 FIG. 7 illustrates the over-utilization process of performance monitoring and management operation flow/algorithm structure according to some embodiments.
圖8示出依據一些實施例之效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構的利用不足過程。 FIG. 8 illustrates the underutilization process of the performance monitoring and management operation flow/algorithm structure according to some embodiments.
圖9示出依據一些實施例之圖8的利用不足過程的子過程。 FIG. 9 shows a sub-process of the underutilization process of FIG. 8 in accordance with some embodiments.
圖10示出依據一些實施例之使用共存部署模型的網路。 Figure 10 shows a network using a coexistence deployment model according to some embodiments.
圖11示出可用來執行各種實施例的電腦系統。 Figure 11 shows a computer system that can be used to execute various embodiments.
圖12示出依據一些實施例之乙太網路控制器。 Figure 12 shows an Ethernet controller according to some embodiments.
圖13示出依據一些實施例之主機裝置的示例性操作流程/演算法結構。 FIG. 13 shows an exemplary operation flow/algorithm structure of a host device according to some embodiments.
圖14示出依據一些實施例之主機裝置的示例性操作流程/演算法結構。 FIG. 14 shows an exemplary operation flow/algorithm structure of a host device according to some embodiments.
圖15示出依據一些實施例之虛擬網路功能管理器的示 例性操作流程/演算法結構。 Figure 15 shows a diagram of a virtual network function manager according to some embodiments Example operation flow/algorithm structure.
圖16示出依據一些實施例之元件管理器或網路管理器的示例性操作流程/演算法結構。 FIG. 16 shows an exemplary operation flow/algorithm structure of a component manager or a network manager according to some embodiments.
圖17示出依據一些實施例之網路功能虛擬化調度器的示例性操作流程/演算法結構。 FIG. 17 shows an exemplary operation flow/algorithm structure of a network function virtualization scheduler according to some embodiments.
圖18示出依據一些實施例之營運支援系統或業務支援系統的示例性操作流程/演算法結構。 FIG. 18 shows an exemplary operation flow/algorithm structure of an operation support system or a business support system according to some embodiments.
圖19示出依據一些實施例之示例性電腦可讀取媒體。 Figure 19 illustrates an exemplary computer readable medium in accordance with some embodiments.
在下面的詳細描述中,參考形成此描述之一部分的附圖,其中在整個描述中相同的標號表示相同的部分,且其中透過可實施的說明性實施例示出。應理解的是,在不脫離本揭示之範圍的情況下,可以使用其他的實施例並且可進行結構或邏輯改變。 In the following detailed description, reference is made to the drawings that form a part of this description, in which the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the description, and are shown through illustrative embodiments that can be implemented. It should be understood that other embodiments can be used and structural or logical changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
可以以最有助於理解申請專利範圍之標的的方式,將各種操作依次描述為多個離散的動作或操作。然而,描述的順序不應被解釋為暗示這些操作必須是順序相依的。特別是,可能不按照呈現的順序執行這些操作。可以與所描述的實施例不同的順序來執行描述的操作。在附加的實施例中可執行各種額外的操作或者可省略所描述的操作。 Various operations can be described in sequence as a plurality of discrete actions or operations in a manner that is most helpful for understanding the subject matter of the scope of the patent application. However, the order of description should not be interpreted as implying that these operations must be order-dependent. In particular, these operations may not be performed in the order of presentation. The described operations may be performed in a different order from the described embodiments. Various additional operations may be performed in additional embodiments or the described operations may be omitted.
為了本揭示之目的,「A或B」、「A及/或B」及「A/B」之用語表示(A)、(B)、或(A及B)。 For the purpose of this disclosure, the terms "A or B", "A and/or B" and "A/B" mean (A), (B), or (A and B).
該描述可使用「在一實施例中」或「在實施例中」之 用語,其可各自指代相同或不同的實施例中的一個或多個實施例。此外,關於本揭示之實施例所使用的「包含」、「包括」、「具有」等等的用詞是同義詞。 The description can use either "in an embodiment" or "in an embodiment" Terminology, which can each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments. In addition, the terms "include", "include", "have" and the like used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are synonyms.
圖1示出依據一些實施例之NFV架構100及參考點。NFV架構100可在符合第三代合作夥伴計劃3GPP規範操作的網路中使用。
Figure 1 shows an
NFV架構100可包括NFV-MANO系統104,其與核心網路(CN)服務系統108耦合,如圖所示。NFV架構100中所示的每個模組可以表示一被設計用於提供離散操作的模組,離散操作包括,例如,管理、諧調、及通訊操作,其有助於CN服務系統108提供網路服務。可以透過虛擬網路功能VNF以及實體網路功能PNF的任意組合來實現網路服務,虛擬網路功能VNF以及實體網路功能PNF可以被鏈接在一起。
The
網路服務可以是由胞狀網路之核心網路元件所提供的任何類型的服務,例如,但不限於,移動管理實體MME、封包資料網路閘道器PDN-GW、服務閘道器S-GW、策略計費及規則功能PCRF、本地位置暫存器HLR、訪客位置暫存器VLR、本地用戶伺服器HSS、服務通用封包無線電服務支援節點SGSN、閘道器通用封包無線電服務支援節點GGSN等等。 The network service can be any type of service provided by the core network components of the cellular network, such as, but not limited to, mobile management entity MME, packet data network gateway PDN-GW, service gateway S -GW, policy charging and rule function PCRF, local location register HLR, visitor location register VLR, local user server HSS, service general packet radio service support node SGSN, gateway general packet radio service support node GGSN and many more.
將簡要描述NFV架構100的模組。然而,除非另有描述,NFV架構100之模組的操作可與歐洲電信標準協會ETSI小組規格GS NFV-管理與協調MAN 001 V1.1.1(2014-
12)中的描述一致。
The modules of the
通常,各種計算系統可以適於提供關於架構100的模組所描述的操作。本文針對實現各種實施例之操作的模組,說明一些特別適合的計算系統。然而,關於其他模組所描述的操作可由依據與特定模組相關聯的目的及實現細節而進行調整的相似的計算系統執行。
Generally, various computing systems may be adapted to provide the operations described with respect to the modules of the
NFV架構100的模組被顯示為透過各種參考點彼此耦合。在一些實施例中,NFV架構100的具體實現可能導致一些模組與其他模組組合。在這種情況下,耦合該些組合模組的參考點可被內部化。
The modules of the
通常,NFV-MANO系統104可提供管理及協調操作,幫助CN服務系統108提供虛擬化網路功能。NFV-MANO系統104可包括網路功能虛擬化調度器(NFVO)112,其與虛擬網路功能管理器(VNFM)116耦合。NFVO 112還可與一些資料儲存庫,例如,但不限於,網路服務(NS)目錄122、虛擬網路功能(VNF)目錄124、網路功能虛擬化(NFV)實例儲存庫128、及NFV基礎建設(NFVI)儲存庫132耦合。
Generally, the NFV-
NFVO 112可透過協調共同實現網路服務的VNF的生命週期來提供網路服務協調。這可包括管理不同VNF之間的關聯性,及網路服務NS的拓撲、及與網路服務相關聯的VNF轉送圖描述符VNFFG。NFVO 112可能需要知道針對一NS實例,在NFVI所有可用於預留分配的資源。 NFVO 112 can provide network service coordination by coordinating the life cycle of the VNF that jointly realizes the network service. This may include managing the association between different VNFs, the topology of the network service NS, and the VNF transfer graph descriptor VNFFG associated with the network service. The NFVO 112 may need to know all the resources available for reservation allocation in the NFVI for an NS instance.
NFVO 112可透過Or-Vnfm參考點與VNF管理器
(VNFM)116耦合。VNFM 116可負責管理VNF實例的生命週期。在各種實施例中,VNFM 116可提供傳統的管理操作,例如,但不限於,障礙管理、組態管理、計量管理、效能管理、及安全管理。VNFM 116還可提供縮放操作來改變虛擬化資源的配置。縮放操作可包括,但不限於,放大(例如,增加中央處理單元(CPU))、縮小(例如,移除CPU或釋放一些虛擬化資源)、擴張(scaling out)(例如,增加新的虛擬機器(VM))及縮減(scaling in)(例如,關閉及移除VM實例)。
NFVO 112 can be passed through Or-Vnfm reference point and VNF manager
(VNFM) 116 coupling. The
在一些實施例中,VNFM 116可包括全域監視器(global monitor)118。全域監視器118可以是後台處理,其收集與在VNF,例如,VNF 144上操作的VM的效能度量相關的測量。
In some embodiments, the
NS目錄122可表示所有已上網(on-boarded)之網路服務的儲存庫,用以支援NS部署樣板的創建和管理。NS部署樣板可包括,但不限於,網路服務描述符(NSD)、虛擬鏈路描述符(VLD)、VNF描述符(VNFD)、及VNF轉送圖描述符(VNFFGD)。
The
VNF目錄124可表示所有已上網之VNF軟體包(packages)的儲存庫。如本文所使用,VNF軟體包可包括,例如,VNFD、軟體影像、資訊清單檔案(manifest files)等。VNF目錄124中的資訊可透過由NFVO 112所公開的介面操作來支援VNF軟體包的創建和管理。VNF目錄124可透過分別的參考點與NFVO 112及VNFM 116耦合。
NFVO 112或VNFM 116可查詢VNF目錄124來查找和檢索VNFD以支援例如,但不限於,驗證、檢查實例化可行性等的操作。
The
NFV實例儲存庫128可保存所有VNF及NS實例的資訊。每個VNF/NS實例可以由VNF/NS記錄表示,VNF/NS記錄在個別的實例的生命週期期間更新,以反映執行VNF/NS生命週期管理操作導致的改變。 The NFV instance repository 128 can store information of all VNF and NS instances. Each VNF/NS instance can be represented by a VNF/NS record, and the VNF/NS record is updated during the life cycle of an individual instance to reflect the changes caused by the execution of the VNF/NS life cycle management operation.
NFVI資源儲存庫132可保存由與VNFM 116耦合之虛擬化基礎建設管理器(VIM)120抽象化的關於可用的、保留的及分配的NFVI資源的資訊。
The
VIM 120可控制及管理NFVI資源,例如,計算、儲存、及用於NFV的網路資源。在一些實施例中,VIM 120可以僅管理一或多種類型的NFVI資源的子集(例如,僅計算、僅儲存、或僅聯網)。在其他實施例中,VIM 120可管理複數種類型的NFVI資源。
The
除了與VNFM 116耦合,VIM 120還可透過Or-Vi參考點與NFVO 112耦合。
In addition to coupling with the
CN服務系統108可包括營運支援系統(operations support system)/業務支援系統(business support system)(OSS/BSS)136,其可由一或多個裝置組成,以透過提供,例如,但不限於,網路庫存、服務提供、網路組態、及障礙管理的功能來管理和協調舊有系統。OSS/BSS 136可對舊有網路系統所提供的服務做完整的全程追蹤(end-to-end visibility)。
The
OSS/BSS 136可透過Os-Ma-nfvo參考點與NFVO 112耦合。
OSS/
OSS/BSS 136還可與元件管理器(EM)140耦合,EM 140可負責針對VNF,例如,VNF 144的障礙、組態、效能、及安全FCAPS管理功能。特別是,EM 140可提供關於由VNF 144提供之網路功能的數個管理操作。這些管理操作可包括,但不限於,組態、障礙管理、計量、效能測量結果的收集、及安全管理。在一些實施例中,EM 140可透過Ve-Vnfm-em參考點與VNFM 116耦合,以便與VNFM 116合作執行依賴交換關於與VNF 144相關聯之NFVI資源的資訊的功能。
The OSS/
VNF 144可以是能夠在NFVI 148上運行之網路功能的軟體實現。可在對應的可儲存於VNF目錄124中的VNFD中描述VNF 144的部署及操作行為。
VNF 144可透過Ve-Vnfm-vnf參考點與VNFM 116耦合。Ve-Vnfm-vnf參考點可支援提供VNF例示、查詢、更新、縮放、驗證、組態等訊息的交換。
The
NFVI 148可表示共同提供部署VNF 144之基礎建設資源的硬體(例如,計算、儲存、及網路電路)及軟體(例如,虛擬機器監控程式(Hypervisor))元件。在一些實施例中,NFVI 148還可包括部分虛擬化的NF,由於例如實體限制或廠商設計選擇,該些NF的功能的一部分虛擬化,而其他部分則體現在實體網路功能(PNF)(例如,內置矽(built in silicon))中。
NFVI 148可透過Nf-Vi參考點與VIM 120耦合。Nf-Vi參考點可支援交換VM管理訊息,以提供/更新VM資源分配、遷移/終止VM、管理VM之間的連接等。
圖2更詳細地示出依據一些實施例之NFV-MANO系統104的所選模組。特別是,示出NFVO 112具有功能單元,包括NS記錄(NSR)管理器204、預測引擎208、策略目錄212、及監視模組216。NFVO 112的功能單元可允許收集度量作為資源及服務協調的一部分,以致能在決策制定中的近即時事件觸發。這可能涉及到在多個層級執行的協調。可在每個管理層創建抽象化(Abstractions),並且系統資源和服務狀態的高層粗略視圖可被傳播回到NFVO 112。
Figure 2 shows in more detail selected modules of the NFV-
監視模組216可從VNFM 116及VIM 120收集針對各個VNF的測量和效能參數。在行動核心網路元件的情況下,測量和效能參數可包括,例如,請求到達率、平均回應時間、每秒呼叫次數等。收集的測量可以是每個VNF/虛擬鏈路的系統度量及特定應用度量二者的組合。在一些實施例中,監視模組216可從策略目錄212接收測量和效能參數。測量和效能參數可被稱為「監控參數」。監控參數可以是VIM層級的系統度量及VNFM層級的應用度量(稱為3GPP網路功能管理規範中的計數器)的組合。
The
如將要描述的,監視可以是多層級操作,具有在NFVO 112、VNFM 116、及VIM 120執行的操作。監視模組216可維持對網路服務層級之效能的概觀,因為可以透
過NFVO 112路由用於資源分配的決定。
As will be described, monitoring can be a multi-level operation, with operations performed at NFVO 112,
在一些實施例中,監視模組216可與VNFM 116耦合,以實例化VNF並且當為實例化的VNF請求額外的資源時可驗證資源可用性。
In some embodiments, the
策略目錄212可以是一儲存庫,儲存關於當網路服務上線時NSD、VNFD、VLD、VNFFG、NFVI資源目錄及NFVI實例的資訊。此資訊可被稱為上線服務(on-board)描述符,並且在一些實施例中,當網路服務上線時,可從適當的分散式儲存庫,例如,NS目錄120被載入到策略目錄212。上線NSD可透過OSS/BSS 136完成,作為NS實例化的一部分。在一些實施例中,可透過與OSS/BSS 136介接之設定檔(profile)引擎220將上線服務描述符提供給策略目錄212。
The
策略目錄212可將上線服務描述符提供給VNFM 116,以幫助VNF實例化及生命週期管理。
The
針對給定NS的初始部署資源請求,可透過在測試網路上剖析各種部署測試案例來獲得,僅管可能有其他方式來獲得此資料。可將監控參數、縮放策略、及NS部署特點作為資訊元素併入NSD中。 The initial deployment resource request for a given NS can be obtained by analyzing various deployment test cases on the test network, although there may be other ways to obtain this data. Monitoring parameters, scaling strategies, and NS deployment characteristics can be incorporated into NSD as information elements.
圖3示出依據一些實施例之用於NSD 304的部署樣板描述符資料模型300。NSD 304可以是描述符檔案,其描述將被部署的NS。NS可由NFVO 112調度並且可組成一或多個VNF、PNF、VNFFG。NSD 304可包括(或包括參照至)VNFD、VLD、VNFFGD、及支援針對NS之服務層級協
議SLA的監控參數。
Figure 3 illustrates a deployment template
可依據部署的狀態將描述符檔案儲存在由NFV-MANO 104之模組存取的儲存庫中。在一些實施例中,NSD、VNFFGD、VLD、及其生命週期管理可由NFVO 112處理,而VNFD及其生命週期管理可由VNFM 116管理。
The descriptor file can be stored in a repository accessed by the module of NFV-
如圖3所示,NSD 304可包括(或包括參照)VNFD 308、VNFD 312、VNFD 316、VLD 320、VLD 324、VNFFGD 328、及VNFFGD 332。
As shown in FIG. 3,
VNFD可就部署及操作行為要求方面描述VNF。VNFD可包括或以其他方式參照初始和終止腳本以及內部和外部連接。在一些實施例中,VNFD還可包含連接性、介面、及關鍵效能指標KPI參數,其可被NFV-MANO系統104的模組用來在VNFC(虛擬網路功能元件)實例之間或者VNF實例與至其他網路功能的端點介面之間的NFVI內建立適當的虛擬鏈路(VL)。
VNFD can describe VNF in terms of deployment and operational behavior requirements. The VNFD may include or otherwise refer to initial and termination scripts and internal and external connections. In some embodiments, the VNFD may also include connectivity, interface, and key performance indicator KPI parameters, which can be used by the modules of the NFV-
VNFFGD可透過參照VNF和PNF、以及連接它們的VL來描述一些或者全部NS的拓撲。 VNFFGD can describe some or all of the NS topology by referring to VNF and PNF, and the VL connecting them.
VLD可描述關聯的VL。VLD可提供VNF、PNF、及NS的端點之間的VL可能需要的資源請求,其可透過在NFVI中可用的各種鏈路選項來滿足。在一些實施例中,VLD可描述與VL耦合之一或多個VNF之間的連接性的基本拓撲以及其他期望的參數(例如,頻寬及服務品質(QoS)類別)。 VLD can describe the associated VL. The VLD can provide resource requests that may be required by the VL between the endpoints of the VNF, PNF, and NS, which can be satisfied through various link options available in the NFVI. In some embodiments, the VLD may describe the basic topology of the connectivity between one or more VNFs coupled with the VL and other desired parameters (eg, bandwidth and quality of service (QoS) categories).
每個VNFD可與一或多個虛擬化部署單元(VDU)相關聯,且每個VDU相應於VNFD的子集。VDU可以是用於資 訊模組中的構造,用以支援虛擬網路功能元件(VNFC)的部署及操作行為的描述。VNFC可以是映射至單一VM的模組,並且被設計成執行VNF的離散子功能。VNFC可以是內部元件,提供VNF供應商定義好的該VNF功能子集。VDU和VNFC可以互換使用,因為VDU是VNFC的資訊模型表示。 Each VNFD can be associated with one or more virtualized deployment units (VDUs), and each VDU corresponds to a subset of the VNFD. VDU can be used for capital The structure in the communication module is used to support the deployment of the virtual network function component (VNFC) and the description of the operation behavior. The VNFC can be a module mapped to a single VM and is designed to perform discrete sub-functions of the VNF. The VNFC may be an internal component, providing a subset of the VNF functions defined by the VNF supplier. VDU and VNFC can be used interchangeably, because VDU is an information model representation of VNFC.
如圖所示,VNFD 308可與VDU 336、VDU 340、及VDU 344相關聯;VNFD 312可與VDU 348及VDU 352相關聯;且VNFD 316可與VDU 356及VDU 360相關聯。
As shown in the figure,
每個VDU可與被用於支援相應的VNFC的功能,以及可能的待監控的VM度量的各種VM資源相關聯。例如,VDU 336可與下列資源相關聯:計算資源364,其可用虛擬中央處理單元(vCPU)來表示;網路資源368,其可用虛擬網路頻寬(vNBW)來表示;以及儲存/記憶體資源372,其可用虛擬記憶體(vMEM)來表示。類似地,VDU 352可與計算資源376、網路資源380、及儲存/記憶體資源384相關聯;且VDU 360可與計算資源388、網路資源392、及儲存/記憶體資源396相關聯。
Each VDU can be associated with various VM resources that are used to support the corresponding VNFC function and possibly VM metrics to be monitored. For example,
再次參考圖2,預測引擎208可從監視模組216接收記錄日誌。記錄日誌可包括由NFVO 112所監視的參數的取樣值。預測引擎208可使用這些值以及其他歷史資料來致能前視的(proactive)決策制定。預測引擎208可向NSR管理器204提供讓NSR管理器204執行的前視動作。
Referring again to FIG. 2, the
NSR管理器204可基於NS描述符請求而創建、更新、
刪除NS記錄,並且可回應來自監視模組216之關於針對給定NS實例在NFVI中所保留的資源的請求。
The
圖4示出依據一些實施例之主機裝置400的架構。主機裝置400可包括平台硬體404,其通常可對應於NFVI資源。平台硬體可包括,但不限於,計算電路408、儲存/記憶體電路412、及網路電路416。
FIG. 4 shows the architecture of the
如本文中所用,術語「電路」可指下列、下列之部分或包括下列的任何組合:積體電路(例如,現場可程式閘陣列(FPGA))、特定應用積體電路(ASIC)等)、離散電路、組合邏輯電路、系統單晶片(SOC)、系統級封裝(SiP),其提供數位、類比、混合信號或射頻功能。 As used herein, the term "circuit" can refer to the following, a part of the following, or any combination of the following: integrated circuit (for example, field programmable gate array (FPGA)), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc.), Discrete circuits, combinational logic circuits, system-on-chip (SOC), system-in-package (SiP), which provide digital, analog, mixed-signal or radio frequency functions.
計算電路408可包括各種處理單元(共享、專用、或群組)。在一些實施例中,計算電路408可包括,例如,一或多個單核心或多核心中央處理單元(CPU)。計算電路408可包括各種其他的處理單元,例如,但不限於數位信號處理器、周邊介面、加速器、記憶體介面、控制器等等。 The calculation circuit 408 may include various processing units (shared, dedicated, or group). In some embodiments, the computing circuit 408 may include, for example, one or more single-core or multi-core central processing units (CPUs). The calculation circuit 408 may include various other processing units, such as, but not limited to, a digital signal processor, a peripheral interface, an accelerator, a memory interface, a controller, and so on.
儲存/記憶體電路412可包括任意類型的揮發性或非揮發性儲存器,用以儲存資訊(例如,資料、被配置為可執行程式碼的電腦可讀取指令等)。在一些實施例中,計算電路408可執行儲存在儲存/記憶體電路412中的電腦可讀取指令,以實現主機裝置400的模組以及執行各種與個別模組相關聯的操作。在一些實施例中,儲存/記憶體電路412可包括快閃記憶體、動態隨機存取記憶體(DRAM)、靜態隨機存取記憶體(SRAM)等。
The storage/
網路電路416可包括透過有線或無線網路將主機裝置與一或多個其他裝置連接的電路。網路電路416可包括適當的計算電路及儲存/記憶體電路,用以提供期望的網路連接。在各種實施例中,網路電路416可提供一或多個介面,用以與諸如,例如,乙太網路(Ethernet)、演進通用陸地無線電存取網路、EUTRAN等等的網路介接。
The
將可理解的是,平台硬體404的電路可被佈置成數個架構中的任何一種,其中許多架構可提供個別電路的各種元件組合。部分的計算電路408、儲存/記憶體電路412、及網路電路416可彼此集成,及/或分散在各種平台、模組、晶片組、裝置、伺服器等等之中。
It will be understood that the circuits of the
平台硬體404可執行超管理器(hypervisor)420,其可被稱為虛擬機器管理器(VMM),以在主機裝置400上創建及運行各種VM。
The
超管理器420可以是在作業系統(OS)424上運行的主機型(hosted)超管理器(類似於主機裝置400的其他電腦程式)。在某些情況下,這可被稱為類型2(Type-2)超管理器。在其他實施例中,超管理器420可以是直接在平台硬體404上運行的本地、裸機型、或類型1(Type-1)超管理器。
The
主機裝置400可包括數個邏輯域,其中每個域彼此獨立運作。例如,運行在邏輯域內的作業系統可獨立於其他邏輯域中的作業系統而被啟動、停止、及重新啟動。
The
每個邏輯域可被設計用於特定角色。例如,一邏輯域 可以是,例如,控制域、服務域、輸入/輸出(I/O)域、根(root)域、或訪客(guest)域。 Each logical domain can be designed for a specific role. For example, a logical domain It can be, for example, a control domain, a service domain, an input/output (I/O) domain, a root domain, or a guest domain.
控制域可控制邏輯域環境,並且可被用來配置機器資源和訪客域,並提供域運作中所使用的服務。 The control domain can control the logical domain environment, and can be used to configure machine resources and guest domains, and provide services used in domain operations.
如圖4所示,主機裝置400可包括控制器域0 428。控制器域0 428可包括開放虛擬交換器(open Vswitch,OVS)432及第2層(L2)代理器436。OVS 432可以是分散式虛擬多層交換器的實現,其用以為硬體虛擬化環境提供交換堆疊。OVS 432可支援數個管理介面和協議,並且可支援跨多個實體伺服器的透明分佈。
As shown in FIG. 4, the
雖然OVS 432被示出為虛擬多層交換器的一個範例,但其他的實施例可包括其他的虛擬多層交換器。
Although
L2代理器436可創建資源節點,例如,運算節點、儲存/記憶體節點、及網路節點的L2連接。資源節點可以是由主機裝置400及/或其他裝置上的電路所提供的虛擬資源。例如,運算節點可包括計算電路408的一部分以及分配給一或多個VM使用的另一裝置的計算電路的一部分。
The
L2代理器436可透過配置本地虛擬交換器或橋接器來創建L2連接。在一些實施例中,L2代理器436可配置兩個軟體橋接器、一集成橋接器(integration bridge)br-int、及一隧道橋接器(tunneling bridge)br-tun。集成橋接器可被用於標記及取消標記指向或接收自VM的流量。可透過使用本地虛擬區域網路(VLAN)標識符(ID)來標記流量,以將流量分配給VLAN。隧道橋接器可被用於將VLAN ID轉譯
為分段(segmentation),其可被用於經由,例如,通用路由封裝(GRE)隧道的穿隧。
The
控制器域0 428可與提供相應VNF的複數個VNF應用耦合。如圖所示,主機裝置400可包括VNF應用440及VNF應用444。
The controller domain 0 428 may be coupled with a plurality of VNF applications that provide corresponding VNFs. As shown in the figure, the
每個VNF應用可包括一或多個VNFC,以提供與VNF相關聯的離散子功能。特別是,VNF應用440可包括VNFC 448、VNFC 452、及VNFC 456。VNF應用444可包括VNFC 460、VNFC 464、及VNFC 468。
Each VNF application may include one or more VNFCs to provide discrete sub-functions associated with the VNF. In particular, VNF applications 440 may include
每個VNFC可與一相應的VM相關聯。如圖所示,VNFC 448可與VM 472相關聯、VNFC 452可與VM 474相關聯、VNFC 456可與VM 476相關聯、VNFC 460可與VM 478相關聯、VNFC 464可與VM 480相關聯、及VNFC 468可與VM 482相關聯。
Each VNFC can be associated with a corresponding VM. As shown in the figure,
雖然圖4示出每個VNFC與一個相應的VM相關聯,但在一些實施例中,每個VNFC可額外地/替代地與虛擬容器相關聯。 Although FIG. 4 shows that each VNFC is associated with a corresponding VM, in some embodiments, each VNFC may be additionally/alternatively associated with a virtual container.
每個VNF應用還可具有運行於其上的本地監視器。如圖所示,VNF應用440可包括本地監視器484且VNF應用444可包括本地監視器486。本地監視器484可與VM 488相關聯,且本地監視器486可與VM 490相關聯。
Each VNF application may also have a local monitor running on it. As shown, the VNF application 440 may include a
本地監視器可測量交互工作以實現VNF功能的VM的效能。每個本地監視器可測量並且在測量報告中將與各種系統參數相關的度量報告回全域監視器,例如,在VNFM
116運行的全域監視器118、或監視器模組,例如,NFVO 112的監視模組216。
The local monitor can measure the effectiveness of VMs that work interactively to implement VNF functions. Each local monitor can measure and report metrics related to various system parameters back to the global monitor in the measurement report, for example, in the VNFM
The
在一些實施例中,本地監視器可負責在取樣間隔S內監控VM的各種系統參數的值。這些亦可被稱為效能度量的系統參數可包括,但不限於,計算利用率、記憶體利用率、網路頻寬、佇列時間、服務時間、及回應時間。在各種實施例中,本地監視器可在一或多個取樣間隔之後產生測量報告,以被發送到全域監視器。 In some embodiments, the local monitor may be responsible for monitoring the values of various system parameters of the VM during the sampling interval S. These system parameters, which can also be called performance metrics, can include, but are not limited to, calculation utilization, memory utilization, network bandwidth, queue time, service time, and response time. In various embodiments, the local monitor may generate a measurement report after one or more sampling intervals to be sent to the global monitor.
在一些實施例中,本地監視器可額外地/替代地負責運行關於支援給定VNF的個別VM的生命週期管理的決策演算法。決策演算法可有助於依據虛擬CPU、虛擬記憶體(vMemories)、虛擬鏈路(vLinks)等等來決定是否實例化新的VM(例如,擴張)、關閉VM(例如,縮減)、或放大/縮小給定VM的決策。 In some embodiments, the local monitor may additionally/alternatively be responsible for running decision algorithms regarding the lifecycle management of individual VMs supporting a given VNF. The decision algorithm can help determine whether to instantiate a new VM (for example, expand), close the VM (for example, shrink), or enlarge based on virtual CPU, virtual memory (vMemories), virtual links (vLinks), etc. /Shrink the decision of a given VM.
在一些實施例中,每當需要分配新資源給VNF時,本地監視器可直接地或者透過VNFM 116來驗證與NFVO 112的可用性。
In some embodiments, whenever a new resource needs to be allocated to the VNF, the local monitor can directly or through the
各種實施例描述了針對VNF的給定部署特點的每個VDU的工作負荷特性及系統參數(例如,CPU週期、網路頻寬、頁面交換率等)的測量,以及基於獲得的測量觸發警報或動作。在一些實施例中,剖析可被用來提供正在研究中的目標的初始配置圖。可透過在定時的間隔對系統參數的狀態進行取樣來剖析系統參數。這些樣本可以是提供系統參數之閾值的基礎。閾值亦可被稱為「初始值」。 Various embodiments describe the measurement of workload characteristics and system parameters (eg, CPU cycles, network bandwidth, page exchange rate, etc.) of each VDU for a given deployment characteristic of the VNF, and trigger alarms or triggers based on the obtained measurements. action. In some embodiments, profiling can be used to provide an initial configuration diagram of the target under investigation. The system parameters can be analyzed by sampling the state of the system parameters at regular intervals. These samples can be the basis for providing thresholds for system parameters. The threshold can also be referred to as the "initial value".
在一些實施例中,可透過沙箱分析獲得期望支援VNF/VNFC之特定部署特點的系統參數的閾值。當VNF/VNFC作為獨立實體運作時,沙箱分析可捕獲VNF/VNFC的系統參數測量。例如,考慮由VNFC 448所執行之MME的網路附加子功能。使用者設備UE連接所需的計算、網路、及儲存/記憶體資源可透過沙箱分析分別被確定為{C1,N1,M1}。因此針對‘X’個UE連接,VNFC 448所需的總系統資源可以由{C1,N1,M1}* X給出。
In some embodiments, sandbox analysis can be used to obtain thresholds of system parameters that are expected to support the specific deployment characteristics of the VNF/VNFC. When the VNF/VNFC operates as an independent entity, the sandbox analysis can capture the measurement of the system parameters of the VNF/VNFC. For example, consider the network attachment sub-function of the MME executed by
以類似的方式,可獲得用於執行VNF之子功能的所有VNFC的VNFC系統參數,並且將其包括在相應的NSD的計算資源、網路資源、及儲存/記憶體資源資訊元件中。例如,再次參考圖3,若VNFD 308被用來描述VNF應用440提供的VNF,VDU 336可被用來描述VNFC 448的部署及運作行為要求。因此,由VNFC 448所執行的網路附加子功能可具有在計算資源364、網路資源368、及儲存/記憶體資源372中定義的系統參數的閾值。
In a similar manner, all the VNFC system parameters of the VNFC used to perform the sub-functions of the VNF can be obtained and included in the corresponding NSD computing resources, network resources, and storage/memory resource information elements. For example, referring to FIG. 3 again, if the
從VNF的沙箱分析確定的閾值可被包含在相應的VNF描述符中。VNFM 116可在相應的VNF由VNFM 116實例化時,將閾值提供給本地監視器。
The threshold determined from the sandbox analysis of the VNF may be included in the corresponding VNF descriptor. The
在一些實施例中,針對每個VNFC,除了確定{C,N,M}系統參數的閾值之外,還可確定佇列時間、服務時間、及回應時間的閾值。因此,在一些實施例中,針對每個VNFC,沙箱分析可提供五個系統參數來進行監控。在一些實施例中,這些系統參數的監控可以作為效能決策演 算法的一組輸入。 In some embodiments, for each VNFC, in addition to determining the thresholds of {C, N, M} system parameters, the thresholds of queue time, service time, and response time may also be determined. Therefore, in some embodiments, for each VNFC, the sandbox analysis can provide five system parameters for monitoring. In some embodiments, the monitoring of these system parameters can be used as performance decision-making exercises. A set of inputs to the algorithm.
在VNFC的部署期間,透過沙箱分析獲得的第一組五個系統參數可被表示為Ini_QT(佇列時間的初始值)、Ini_ST(服務時間的初始值)、Ini_CC(計算週期的初始值)、Ini_NB(網路頻寬的初始值)、及Ini_VU(虛擬記憶體的初始值)。該些初始值表示針對給定的部署特點的這些參數的閾值。例如,在一實施例中,MME VNF可具有設置為每秒1000次呼叫之針對支援的數個UE連接的部署特點。 During the deployment of VNFC, the first set of five system parameters obtained through sandbox analysis can be expressed as Ini_QT (initial value of queue time), Ini_ST (initial value of service time), Ini_CC (initial value of calculation period) , Ini_NB (initial value of network bandwidth), and Ini_VU (initial value of virtual memory). These initial values represent the threshold values of these parameters for a given deployment characteristic. For example, in one embodiment, the MME VNF may have a deployment feature set to support several UE connections at 1000 calls per second.
在一些實施例中,當將待監控的VM實例化為網路服務的一部分時,可由設定檔引擎220接收系統參數的閾值。 In some embodiments, when the VM to be monitored is instantiated as a part of the network service, the threshold value of the system parameter may be received by the profile engine 220.
在一些實施例中,作為本地監視器之監控責任的一部分,本地監視器可計算佇列時間和服務時間的即時值。由本地監視器進行之佇列時間和服務時間參數的計算可被描述如下。 In some embodiments, as part of the monitoring responsibility of the local monitor, the local monitor may calculate the real-time values of the queue time and the service time. The calculation of the queue time and service time parameters performed by the local monitor can be described as follows.
讓‘S’表示取樣監控參數的時間間隔。例如,每秒(或每分鐘、每10分鐘、每10小時等等)對VDU的數個傳入請求進行取樣。對於給定的間隔,VDU的平均佇列長度Q L ,可由下式給出:Q L =[0,(待處理訊息的數量/每個訊息的平均大小)]。 Let 'S' represents a monitored parameter sampling interval. For example, several incoming requests of the VDU are sampled every second (or every minute, every 10 minutes, every 10 hours, etc.). For a given interval, the average queue length Q L of the VDU can be given by the following formula: Q L = [0,(number of messages to be processed/average size of each message)] .
相應的平均佇列時間Q T 可由下式給出:Q T =Q L /t,其中t是在取樣間隔期間訊息的到達間隔時間(inter- arrival time)。 The corresponding average queue time Q T can be given by the following formula: Q T = Q L /t , where t is the inter-arrival time of the message during the sampling interval.
平均總回應時間R可由下式給出:
其中Req t 是請求到達時間,且Resp t 是回應配送時間。 Where Req t is the request arrival time, and Resp t is the response delivery time.
S T 可表示平均服務時間,其為VDU服務一請求所花費的時間。服務時間可說明在VM處理請求的處理時間,不包括網路延遲。服務時間可以是請求的最後一個片段到達至回應的第一個片段離開之間的時間,且可由以下表示:S T =R-Q T 。 S T may represent the average service time, which is a request for a VDU service time spent. The service time can indicate the processing time of processing the request in the VM, excluding the network delay. The service time can be the time between the arrival of the last fragment of the request and the departure of the first fragment of the response, and can be expressed as follows: S T = RQ T.
平均佇列時間、平均總回應時間、及平均服務時間可由本地監視器每隔時間間隔S進行計算以確定新的值。 The average queue time, average total response time, and average service time can be calculated by the local monitor at intervals S to determine new values.
效能決策演算法中所使用的參數可被描述如下。 The parameters used in the performance decision algorithm can be described as follows.
當啟動VNFC時,可由本地監視器在給定的取樣間隔S測量系統參數,以確定系統參數的即時值或「新值」。新值可表示為New_QT(佇列時間的新值)、Ini_ST(服務時間的新值)、New_CC(計算週期的新值)、New_NB(網路頻寬的新值)、及New_VU(虛擬記憶體的新值)。 When VNFC is activated, the local monitor can measure the system parameters at a given sampling interval S to determine the real-time value or "new value" of the system parameter. The new value can be expressed as New_QT (the new value of the queue time), Ini_ST (the new value of the service time), New_CC (the new value of the calculation period), New_NB (the new value of the network bandwidth), and New_VU (the virtual memory New value).
圖5示出依據一些實施例之在NFV管理平面中反應式(reactive)監控的處理流程500。處理流程500可包括,在504,NFVO 112的監視模組216發送請求至VNFM 116的全域監視器118,以實例化VNF來提供網路服務實例的功能。雖然504示出監視模組216發送請求至全域監視器118,但在其他實施例中,NFVO 112的其他部分可發送請
求至VNFM 116的其他部分。
FIG. 5 shows a
可透過VNFM 116提供指令給一或多個主機裝置,例如,主機裝置400來實例化VNF,以執行關聯的VNF應用,諸如,VNF應用440。
The
全域監視器118可驗證所有待實例化的VNF已登載在VNF目錄124中。若通過驗證,則在508,全域監視器118可使VNF實例化。在一些實施例中,全域監視器118可透過在Ve-Vnfm-vnf參考點上發送信令來使VNF實例化。若全域監視器118沒有通過驗證所有待實例化的VNF已登載在VNF目錄124中,則全域監視器118可向監視模組216發送錯誤報告。
The
處理流程500還可包括,在512,全域監視器118向VNF應用的本地監視器發送待監控的系統參數的閾值。例如,全域監視器118可向VNF應用440的本地監視器484發送閾值。
The
處理流程500還可包括,在516,本地監視器從執行給定VNF應用的VNFC的VM獲得系統參數的新值。例如,本地監視器484可從VM 472、VM 474、及VM 476獲得系統參數的新值。本地監視器484可在VNFC執行VNF的個別子功能時,即時獲得這些新值。在一些實施例中,本地監視器484可每時間間隔獲得新值。
The
處理流程500還可包括,在520,本地監視器484參與效能監控和管理。在一些實施例中,可透過依據在512從全域監視器118接收的閾值以及在516從VM 472、474、及
476獲得的新值來執行效能監控和管理操作流程/演算法結構,提供效能監控和管理。該效能監控和管理操作流程/演算法結構,其可與圖6-9相關聯地進一步詳細說明的,可識別與VNFC相關連的資源的過度利用(overutilization)或利用不足(underutilization),且可進一步確定VM管理動作,其係用以至少部分地解決所識別的過度利用或利用不足。在各種實施例中,VM管理動作可包括放大/縮小VM、實例化新的VM、關閉執行中的VM等。
The
雖然實施例描述了本地監視器,例如,本地監視器484,在520執行效能監控及管理,但其他的實施例可包括其他元件執行與效能監控及管理相關聯的部分或全部操作。例如,在一些實施例中,本地監視器484可執行監控並將監控的值報告給VNFM 116。然後VNFM 116可參與圖6-9的效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構,來決定是否應採取VM管理動作。
Although the embodiment describes that a local monitor, for example, the
處理流程500還可包括,在524,本地監視器484發送待採取的VM管理動作的請求。在一些實施例中,該請求可被發送到VNFM 116中的全域監視器118。
The
全域監視器118可透過在528向NFVO 112的監視模組216發送資源可用性請求,來檢查在VNF上待採取的VM管理動作的資源的可用性。
The
處理流程500還可包括,在532,監視模組216檢查NS記錄,以確保所請求的資源可用於被NS實例保留。可使用依據NSD實例化的NS來創建NS記錄。NS記錄可包括關
於可被分配給NS之特定實例的最大資源的值的資訊。監視模組216可在532確認當前分配的資源加上請求的資源仍然處在或低於此最大資源的指示。
The
若監視模組216確定所請求的資源是可用的,則處理流程500可包括,在536,監視模組216向全域監視器118發送資源可用性的通知。
If the
處理流程500還可包括,在540,全域監視器118向VIM 120發送依據請求的動作分配資源的請求。VIM 120可分配用於完成請求的動作的基礎建設資源。在544,VIM 120可向全域監視器118發送通知,通知已分配請求資源。
The
全域監視器118可,在548,將通知轉送給本地監視器484,通知請求的動作已完成。
The
在一些實施例中,本地監視器484可每時間間隔S重複獲取新值,並且使用在512提供的閾值或者閾值的更新版本來連續地運行效能演算法。
In some embodiments, the
圖6示出依據一些實施例之可由主機裝置400提供的效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構的第一級600。第一級600可包括,在604,實例化VM 472以運行VNFC 448,以及實例化VM 488以運行本地監視器484。可透過由平台硬體404的計算電路408執行與VNF應用440相關聯的程式碼來實例化VM 472及488。可基於來自VNFM 116的指令而初始化VNF應用440之程式碼的執行。也可以以相似於VM 472的方式來實例化和監控VM 474和476。然而,為了簡
化,本說明聚焦在VM 472/VNFC 448的監控和管理。
FIG. 6 shows the
第一級600可包括,在608,獲得系統參數的初始和新值。可從全域監視器118獲得系統參數的初始值,如上述關於圖5之512的說明。當VM 472運行VNFC 448時,可從VM 472即時獲得系統參數的新值。在一些實施例中,可每取樣間隔從VM 472獲取新值。
The
第一級600可包括,在612,確定是否所有的新系統參數等於初始的系統參數。若所有的新系統參數等於初始的系統參數,則本地監視器484可確定適當數量的資源專用於VM 472,以允許VNFC 448能有效率地執行其相關聯的子功能。
The
若,在612,本地監視器484確定所有的新系統參數不等於初始的系統參數,則第一級600可包括,在616,本地監視器484確定是否有任何新系統參數大於初始的系統參數。
If, at 612, the
若,在616,確定新系統參數大於初始的系統參數,則在620,本地監視器484可識別與VNFC 448相關聯之資源的過度利用。
If, at 616, it is determined that the new system parameters are greater than the initial system parameters, then at 620, the
若,在612,確定新系統參數不大於初始的系統參數,則在624,本地監視器484可識別與VNFC 448相關聯之資源的利用不足。
If, at 612, it is determined that the new system parameters are not greater than the initial system parameters, then at 624, the
圖7示出依據一些實施例之可由主機裝置400提供的效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構的過度利用過程700。過度利用過程700可起始於,如相關於圖6所述,在620本
地監視器484識別與VNFC 448相關聯之資源的過度利用。
FIG. 7 illustrates an
接續過度利用的識別,過度利用過程700可包括,在704,本地監視器484檢測佇列時間參數的初始值(Init_QT)是否大於佇列時間參數的新值(New_QT)、以及服務時間參數的初始值(Init_ST)是否小於服務時間參數的新值(New_ST)。
Following the identification of over-utilization, the
當檢測到在704的條件滿足時,本地監視器可確定計算週期參數的初始值(Ini_CC)是否小於計算週期參數的新值(New_CC)。若,在708,確定計算週期參數的初始值小於計算週期參數的新值,則在712,本地監視器484可執行過度利用管理動作,以將一虛擬中央處理單元加入VDU。由本地監視器484執行的過度利用管理動作可包括,例如,向VNFM 116發送請求以添加vCPU。
When it is detected that the condition in 704 is satisfied, the local monitor can determine whether the initial value of the calculation period parameter ( Ini_CC ) is less than the new value ( New_CC ) of the calculation period parameter. If, in 708, it is determined that the initial value of the calculation period parameter is less than the new value of the calculation period parameter, then in 712, the
因此,當檢測到包括在704和708兩者的條件皆滿足的第一組條件時,本地監視器484可執行過度利用管理動作來將vCPU加入VDU。
Therefore, when the first set of conditions including both conditions in 704 and 708 are detected, the
若本地監視器484確定在704的條件不滿足,例如,佇列時間的新值大於佇列時間的初始值、或者服務時間的初始值大於服務時間的新值,則過度利用過程700可前進到716。
If the
在716,本地監視器484可確定佇列時間的初始值是否小於佇列時間的新值、以及服務時間的初始值是否大於服務時間的新值。若在716的條件滿足,則在720,本地監視器484可執行過度利用管理動作來實例化新的VDU。例
如,在此實施例中,本地監視器484可確定第一VDU(對應於VNFC 448及VM 472)被過度利用,且因此可實例化一新的VDU,例如,VNFC 452及VM 474。VNFC 452可執行與VNFC 448相同的子功能。可將與子功能相關聯的傳入任務分散在VNFC 452和VNFC 448之間。在各種實施例中,新實例化的VDU可以在另一VNF應用中、在另一主機平台上等等。
At 716, the
若,在708,確定計算週期的初始值不小於計算週期的新值,則在724,本地監視器484可確定網路頻寬的初始值是否小於網路頻寬的新值。過度利用過程700還可接續關於方塊712所執行的動作來進行724的確定。
If, in 708, it is determined that the initial value of the calculation period is not less than the new value of the calculation period, then in 724, the
若,在724,本地監視器484確定網路頻寬的初始值小於網路頻寬的新值,則在728,本地監視器484可執行過度利用管理動作,以將虛擬鏈路的流通量提高一定值(a certain value)x。在一些實施例中,可透過將額外的虛擬網路介面控制器vNIC添加到於其上實例化VNF的VM來增加虛擬鏈路的流通量。
If, at 724, the
接續728,或者若確定網路頻寬的初始值不小於網路頻寬的新值,則過度利用過程可前進到732,在此點,本地監視器484可確定虛擬記憶體的初始值是否小於虛擬記憶體的新值。若確定虛擬記憶體的初始值小於虛擬記憶體的新值,則在736,本地監視器484可執行過度利用管理動作來將一定數量的x個記憶體塊添加到VDU。在一些實施例中,x個記憶體塊(例如,隨機存取記憶體(RAM))可由超
管理器420/OS 424熱添加到(hot-added)VM 472,而不必重新啟動主機裝置400。
Continue to 728, or if it is determined that the initial value of the network bandwidth is not less than the new value of the network bandwidth, the over-utilization process can proceed to 732. At this point, the
若,在732,確定虛擬記憶體的初始值不小於虛擬記憶體的新值,則過度利用過程可前進到方塊716的確定。
If, at 732, it is determined that the initial value of the virtual memory is not less than the new value of the virtual memory, the over-utilization process may proceed to the determination of
若,在方塊716,確定佇列時間的初始值不小於佇列時間的新值、或服務時間的初始值不大於服務時間的新值,則過度利用過程700可在740結束。
If, at
圖8示出依據一些實施例之可由主機裝置400提供的效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構的利用不足過程800。利用不足過程800可起始於,如相關於圖6所述,在624本地監視器484識別與VNFC 448相關聯之資源的利用不足。
FIG. 8 illustrates an
接續在624之利用不足的識別,利用不足過程800可包括,在804,本地監視器484確定佇列時間的初始值是否大於佇列時間的新值、以及服務時間的初始值是否大於服務時間的新值二者。
Following the identification of underutilization at 624, the
若在804至少一個條件未滿足,則利用不足過程800可前進到824。
If at least one condition is not met at 804, the
若在804兩個條件皆滿足,則在808,本地監視器484可確定佇列時間的新值是否小於佇列時間(Thresh(Min)_QT)的預定最小閾值、以及服務時間的新值是否小於服務時間(Thresh(Min)_ST)的預定最小閾值。
If both conditions are met at 804, then at 808, the
若在808兩個條件皆滿足,則在812,本地監視器484可執行利用不足管理動作來關閉VDU。可透過關閉VM 472並釋放任何分配給它的資源來關閉該VDU。
If both conditions are met at 808, then at 812, the
若在808至少一個條件未滿足,則在900,利用不足過程800可前進到子過程D。圖9中依據一些實施例示出子過程D。
If at least one condition is not met at 808, then at 900, the
在904,本地監視器484可確定另一VDU是否託管(hosts)與目標VDU相同的子功能。若否,則在912,子過程D可返回呼叫過程,例如,利用不足過程800。
At 904, the
若,在904,確定另一VDU託管與目標VDU相同的子功能,則在908,本地監視器484可獲得用於另一VDU的監控參數,其可被稱為選擇的VDU(VDU_N),然後在912返回呼叫過程。在一些實施例中,本地監視器484可從全域監視器118或者直接從另一VNF的本地監視器(在該主機裝置上或者在另一主機裝置上)獲得用於選擇的VDU的監控參數。
If, at 904, it is determined that another VDU is hosting the same sub-function as the target VDU, then at 908, the
再次參考圖8,接續在900的子過程D,在816,本地監視器484可確定佇列時間的初始值是否大於佇列時間的新值加上選擇的VDU的佇列時間的新值(New_QT_N)(若有的話)、以及服務時間的初始值是否大於服務時間的新值加上選擇的VDU的服務時間的新值(New_ST_N)(若有的話)。
Referring again to FIG. 8, following the sub-process D at 900, at 816, the
若在816兩個條件皆滿足的話,則在820,本地監視器可執行利用不足動作來將VDU提供的子功能遷移到選擇的VDU並關閉VDU。在一些實施例中,可透過更新與VNF相關聯的路由表或其他呼叫常式來將VDU提供的子功能遷移到選擇的VDU。 If both conditions are met at 816, then at 820, the local monitor can perform an underutilization action to migrate the sub-functions provided by the VDU to the selected VDU and close the VDU. In some embodiments, the sub-functions provided by the VDU can be migrated to the selected VDU by updating the routing table or other call routines associated with the VNF.
若在816至少一個條件未滿足的話,則在824,本地監
視器484可確定虛擬記憶體的新值是否小於虛擬記憶體的預定最小閾值。若是的話,則在828,本地監視器484可執行利用不足動作來從VDU移除一定數量的x個記憶塊。接續828,利用不足過程可前進到832。
If at least one condition is not met at 816, then at 824, the
若在824,確定虛擬記憶體的新值不小於虛擬記憶體的預定最小閾值,則利用不足過程800可前進到832。
If at 824, it is determined that the new value of the virtual memory is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the virtual memory, then the
在832,本地監視器484可確定計算週期的新值是否小於計算週期的預定最小閾值。若是的話,在836,本地監視器可執行利用不足動作來從VDU移除一定數量的x個vCPU。接續836,利用不足過程可前進到840。
At 832, the
若在832條件不滿足,則利用不足過程可前進到840。 If the condition is not met at 832, the underutilization process can proceed to 840.
在840,本地監視器484可確定網路頻寬的新值是否小於網路頻寬的預定最小閾值。若是的話,在844,本地監視器484可執行利用不足動作,以將與VDU相關聯的虛擬鏈路的流通量降低一定值x。接續844,利用不足過程可前進到848。
At 840, the
若在840條件不滿足,則利用不足過程可在848結束。 If the condition is not met at 840, the underutilization process can end at 848.
在一些實施例中,一些網路可單獨地依靠實體網路基礎建設,單獨地依靠NFV基礎建設、或者使用實體網路基礎建設與NFV基礎建設的組合。 In some embodiments, some networks may rely solely on physical network infrastructure, solely rely on NFV infrastructure, or use a combination of physical network infrastructure and NFV infrastructure.
在非共存部署模型中,網路服務的部署可能基於將被服務的都會區和該都會區的容量需求。基於該區域的容量需求和流量變化,可以決定支援該區域所需的基礎建設。例如,在某些情況下,可將完全垂直整合的模型(相似於 當今電信網路中已存在的模型)決定為適當的網路模型。這可能不會對被定義用於電信網路的3GPP管理架構造成影響。 In the non-coexisting deployment model, the deployment of network services may be based on the metropolitan area to be served and the capacity requirements of the metropolitan area. Based on the capacity requirements and traffic changes in the area, it is possible to determine the infrastructure needed to support the area. For example, in some cases, a fully vertically integrated model (similar to The existing model in today's telecommunications network) is determined to be the appropriate network model. This may not have an impact on the 3GPP management framework defined for telecommunications networks.
一些實施例可包括共同部署模型,其中網路服務協調是基於完整的端對端基礎建設資訊,例如,垂直整合的PNF及基於虛擬化基礎建設的VNF二者。在這些實施例中,調度器可以負責跨實體與虛擬網路功能的網路服務的佈署及生命週期管理。 Some embodiments may include a co-deployment model, where network service coordination is based on complete end-to-end infrastructure information, for example, both vertically integrated PNF and virtualized infrastructure-based VNF. In these embodiments, the scheduler may be responsible for the deployment and life cycle management of network services across physical and virtual network functions.
圖10示出依據一些實施例之使用共存部署模型的網路1000。網路1000可包括OSS/BSS 1004,其用以提供與上述關於OSS/BSS 136相似的高階操作及企業服務管理。
Figure 10 shows a
在實體部署側,網路1000可包括提供FCAPS操作的各種層。在一些實施例中,實體部署側可包括網路管理器1008,其與一或多個元件管理器(EM),諸如EM 1012和EM 1016耦合。EM 1012和1016可依次與實體網路基礎建設1020耦合。特別是,EM 1012可與網路元件(NE)1024和1028耦合,且EM 1016可與NE 1032耦合。NE 1024、1028及1032可各為分散電信實體,其可透過特定的介面,例如,無線電網路控制器(RNC)介面而被管理。NE 1024、1028及1032可各提供個別的PNF。
On the physical deployment side, the
在一些實施例中,網路管理器(NM)1008可主要處理網路組態(例如,配置網路路由表)、測試及流量分析。NM 1008可提供終端使用者功能的封包,具有管理例如由EM 1012和1016支援的網路的責任。
In some embodiments, the network manager (NM) 1008 can mainly handle network configuration (for example, configuring the network routing table), testing, and traffic analysis. NM 1008 can provide packets of end-user functions, and has the responsibility of managing networks supported by
EM 1012和1016可負責實體網路基礎建設1020之硬體及軟體的記錄、備份和維護。EM 1012和1016還可負責在某些情況下的障礙處理。EM 1012和1016可提供終端使用者功能的封包,用於管理一組密切相關類型的網路元件。這些功能可包括用於管理個別網路元件的元件管理功能、及與包含子網路之第一組網路元件的網路模型相關的子網路管理功能。
NE 1024、1028及1032可以是體現在專門構建用於執行與特定網路裝置相關聯的功能的裝置中的實體網路基礎建設1020。
在一些實施例中,EM 1012和1016可透過追蹤與PNF相關的效能測量的計數器來監控由NE 1024、1028及1032提供的PNF的效能。效能測量可與由相關聯的PNF提供的功能相關,且可包括,但不限於,設備測量、移動性管理(MM)測量、通用封包無線電服務隧道協定(GTP)測量、網際網路協定(IP)管理測量、無線電存取技術間交遞(IRATH)測量、服務品質測量、安全測量、會話(session)管理(SM)測量、用戶(subscriber)管理測量等等。
In some embodiments,
MM測量可包括與MME程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於演進封包系統(EPS)、註冊(attach)程序(例如,數個嘗試的、成功的及失敗的註冊程序)、UE發起的EPS取消註冊(detach)程序(例如,嘗試的及成功的)、MME發起的EPS取消註冊程序(例如,嘗試的及成功的)、HSS發起的EPS取消註冊程序(例如,嘗試的及成功的)、有或沒有服務閘道 改變的追蹤區域更新程序(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)、EPS傳呼(paging)程序(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)、用於EPC之過載相關測量的MME控制(例如,嘗試的過載啟動/停止程序)、EPS移動性管理EMM註冊的用戶(例如,平均/最大用戶數)、交遞(例如,進/出的嘗試的及成功的無線電存取技術(RAT)間交遞)、有MME交互以及有/無S-GW改變的路由區域更新(嘗試的及成功的)、組合的追蹤/位置區域更新程序(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)。 MM measurements may include measurements related to MME procedures, such as, but not limited to, Evolved Packet System (EPS), registration (attach) procedures (for example, several attempted, successful and failed registration procedures), UE-initiated EPS cancellation Registration (detach) procedures (for example, attempted and successful), MME initiated EPS deregistration procedures (for example, attempted and successful), HSS initiated EPS deregistration procedures (for example, attempted and successful), yes Or no service gateway Changed tracking area update procedures (e.g., attempted, successful, and failed), EPS paging procedures (e.g., attempted, successful, and failed), MME control for EPC overload-related measurements (e.g., , Attempted overload start/stop procedures), EPS mobility management EMM registered users (e.g. average/maximum number of users), handover (e.g. entry/exit attempted and successful radio access technology (RAT) room Handover), routing area update with MME interaction and with/without S-GW change (attempted and successful), combined tracking/location area update procedure (for example, attempted, successful, and failed).
MM測量還可包括與基於GTP之S5/S8介面的PDN-GW相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,PDN-GW發起的專用承載(bearer)創建(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的);PDN-GW發起的專用承載刪除(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的);有或無QoS更新程序之PDN-GW發起的專用承載修改(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的);針對EPC之主動EPS承載相關的測量(例如,主動EPS承載的平均/最大數);針對EPC之UE請求的承載資源修改相關的測量(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的);針對EPC之PDN連接相關的測量(例如,每個存取點名稱(APN)之PDN連接的平均/最大數);以及EPS承載的數量(例如,EPS承載的平均/最大數)。 MM measurement may also include measurement related to PDN-GW based on the S5/S8 interface of GTP, such as, but not limited to, dedicated bearer creation initiated by PDN-GW (for example, attempted, successful, and failed) ; Dedicated bearer deletion initiated by PDN-GW (for example, attempted, successful, and failed); dedicated bearer modification initiated by PDN-GW with or without QoS update procedure (for example, attempted, successful, and failed); For EPC active EPS bearer-related measurements (for example, the average/maximum number of active EPS bearers); for EPC UE requested bearer resource modification related measurements (for example, attempted, successful, and failed); for EPC Measurements related to PDN connections (for example, the average/maximum number of PDN connections per access point name (APN)); and the number of EPS bearers (for example, the average/maximum number of EPS bearers).
SM測量可包括與MME程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,主動模式中專用EPS承載的平均/最大數量、專用承載建立時間;MME發起的專用承載啟動(activation)(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的);MME發起的專用承載止 動(deactivation)(例如,嘗試的及成功的);MME發起的EPS承載修改(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的);總EPS服務請求(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)。SM測量還可包括與S-GW程序相關的測量,例如,S4/S11介面測量包括,例如,EPS預設/專用承載創建相關的測量(例如,嘗試的及成功的);S5/S8介面測量包括,例如,EPS預設/專用承載創建(例如,嘗試的及成功的)及EPS預設/專用承載修改(例如,嘗試的及成功的);EPS承載刪除相關的測量(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的);及承載資源利用相關的測量(例如,主動EPS承載的最大/平均數)。SM測量還可包括與多媒體廣播/多播服務(MBMS)、GW程序相關的測量,諸如,MBMS會話創建相關的測量(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)。SM測量還可包括與PCRF程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,閘道控制會話建立相關的測量(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的閘道控制會話建立)。 SM measurement may include measurements related to MME procedures, such as, but not limited to, the average/maximum number of dedicated EPS bearers in active mode, dedicated bearer establishment time; dedicated bearer activation initiated by MME (for example, attempted, successful And failed); the dedicated bearer initiated by the MME stops Deactivation (e.g., attempted and successful); MME initiated EPS bearer modification (e.g., attempted, successful, and failed); total EPS service request (e.g., attempted, successful, and failed). SM measurement may also include measurement related to S-GW procedures, for example, S4/S11 interface measurement includes, for example, EPS preset/dedicated bearer creation-related measurement (for example, tried and successful); S5/S8 interface measurement Including, for example, EPS default/dedicated bearer creation (for example, tried and successful) and EPS default/dedicated bearer modification (for example, tried and successful); EPS bearer deletion related measurements (for example, tried, Success and failure); and measurement related to bearer resource utilization (for example, the maximum/average number of active EPS bearers). SM measurements may also include measurements related to multimedia broadcast/multicast services (MBMS), GW procedures, such as measurements related to MBMS session creation (for example, attempted, successful, and failed). SM measurements may also include measurements related to PCRF procedures, such as, but not limited to, measurements related to gateway control session establishment (eg, attempted, successful, and failed gateway control session establishment).
用戶管理測量可包括與其他MME程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,從HSS接收的嘗試插入用戶資料請求;從HSS接收的嘗試刪除用戶資料請求;ECM-IDLE狀態下的用戶數;以及ECM-CONNECTED狀態下的用戶數。 User management measurements may include measurements related to other MME programs, such as, but not limited to, attempts to insert user profile requests received from HSS; attempts to delete user profile requests received from HSS; the number of users in the ECM-IDLE state; and ECM -The number of users in the CONNECTED state.
IP管理測量可包括與其他MME程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,S1-MME資料量相關的測量,包括,例如在S1-MME介面上從eNB至MME的傳入IP資料封包數、在S1-MME介面上從MME至eNB的傳出IP資料封包數;在S1-MME介面上從eNB至MME的傳入IP資料封包的八位元組 數;以及在S1-MME介面上從MME至eNB的傳出IP資料封包的八位元組數。 IP management measurements may include measurements related to other MME procedures, such as, but not limited to, measurements related to S1-MME data volume, including, for example, the number of incoming IP data packets from eNB to MME on the S1-MME interface, Number of outgoing IP data packets from MME to eNB on S1-MME interface; octet of incoming IP data packets from eNB to MME on S1-MME interface And the number of octets of outgoing IP data packets from the MME to the eNB on the S1-MME interface.
IP管理測量還可包括與基於GTP之S5/S8介面程序的PDN-GW相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,SGi相關的測量(例如,SGi進/出的鏈路使用)。IP管理測量還可包括與PCRF程序相關的測量,諸如IP連接存取網路IP-CAN會話建立/修改相關的測量(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)及IP-CAN會話終止相關的測量(例如,嘗試的及成功的IP-CAN會話終止)。 IP management measurements may also include measurements related to PDN-GW based on the GTP S5/S8 interface program, such as, but not limited to, SGi related measurements (for example, SGi in/out link usage). IP management measurements may also include measurements related to PCRF procedures, such as those related to the establishment/modification of IP-CAN session establishment/modification of the IP connection access network (for example, attempted, successful, and failed) and IP-CAN session termination related Measurements (for example, tried and successful IP-CAN session termination).
設備測量可包括,例如,MME處理器使用情況(例如,平均/峰值處理器使用)。 Device measurements may include, for example, MME processor usage (e.g., average/peak processor usage).
IRATH測量可包括,例如,S6a相關的測量,諸如,但不限於更新位置相關的測量(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)以及認證相關的測量(例如,嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)。 IRATH measurements may include, for example, S6a-related measurements, such as, but not limited to, update location-related measurements (e.g., attempted, successful, and failed) and authentication-related measurements (e.g., attempted, successful, and failed) ).
GTP測量可包括與S-GW程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於GTP S5/S8、S4、S12、及S1-U介面測量。GTP S5/S8介面測量可包括,但不限於,在S5/S8介面上的傳出/傳入GTP資料封包數、在S5/S8介面上的傳出/傳入GTP資料封包的八位元組數、在S5/S8介面上的傳出/傳GTP信令封包數、及在S5/S8介面上的傳出/傳GTP信令封包的八位元組數。GTP S4介面測量可包括資料量相關的測量,諸如,但不限於在S4介面上的傳出/傳入GTP封包的八位元組數。GTP S12介面測量可包括資料量相關的測量,諸如, 但不限於,在S12介面上的傳出/傳入GTP資料封包的八位元組數。S1-U介面測量可包括資料量相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,在S1-U介面上的傳出/傳入GTP資料封包數及在S1-U介面上的傳出/傳入GTP資料封包的八位元組數。GTP測量還可包括與MBMS GW程序相關的測量,例如M1資料量相關的測量(例如,在M1介面上的傳出/傳入GTP資料封包的八位元組數)。 GTP measurements may include measurements related to S-GW procedures, such as, but not limited to, GTP S5/S8, S4, S12, and S1-U interface measurements. The GTP S5/S8 interface measurement can include, but is not limited to, the number of outgoing/incoming GTP data packets on the S5/S8 interface, and the octet of the outgoing/incoming GTP data packets on the S5/S8 interface Number, the number of outgoing/transmitting GTP signaling packets on the S5/S8 interface, and the octet number of outgoing/transmitting GTP signaling packets on the S5/S8 interface. GTP S4 interface measurement may include data volume related measurements, such as, but not limited to, the number of octets of outgoing/incoming GTP packets on the S4 interface. GTP S12 interface measurement can include data volume related measurement, such as, But not limited to the number of octets of outgoing/incoming GTP data packets on the S12 interface. S1-U interface measurement can include data volume-related measurements, such as, but not limited to, the number of outgoing/incoming GTP data packets on the S1-U interface and the outgoing/incoming GTP data on the S1-U interface The number of octets in the packet. GTP measurement may also include measurement related to the MBMS GW program, such as measurement related to M1 data volume (for example, the number of octets of outgoing/incoming GTP data packets on the M1 interface).
QoS測量可包括與PCRF程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,QoS資源的授權相關的測量(例如,在會話建立/修改時的嘗試的/成功的資源授權程序以及失敗的資源授權程序)。 QoS measurement may include measurement related to PCRF procedures, such as, but not limited to, measurement related to authorization of QoS resources (for example, attempted/successful resource authorization procedures and failed resource authorization procedures during session establishment/modification).
用戶管理測量可包括與PCRF程序相關的測量,諸如,但不限於,信用重新授權程序相關的測量(嘗試的、成功的及失敗的)。 User management measurements may include measurements related to PCRF procedures, such as, but not limited to, measurements related to credit reauthorization procedures (attempted, successful, and failed).
EM 1012和1016可將效能測量的值報告給NM 1008。NM 1008可然後將包括效能測量的報告提供給OSS/BSS 1004。在非共存的模型中,不會即時監測效能測量的值;相反的,它們會被登錄在稍後可由網路營運商評估的報告中。
在虛擬化部署側,網路1000可包括NFVO 1036,其透過Or-Vnfm參考點與VNFM 1040耦接,並且還透過Or-Vi參考點與VIM 1044耦接。VNFM 1040可透過Vi-Vnfm參考點與VIM 1044耦接。VNFM 1040及VIM 1044二者皆可與NFVI 1048耦接,NFVI 1048包括平台硬體1052(例如,計
算、儲存/記憶體、及網路資源),用以提供虛擬化層1056來執行諸如VNF 1060和VNF 1064的VNF。示出VNFM 1040透過Ve-Vnfm參考點與VNF 1064耦接,並且示出VIM 1044透過Nf-Vi參考點與平台硬體1052耦接。除非另有描述,否則虛擬化部署側的元件可與圖1、2及4中類似名稱的元件相似,並以相似的方式操作。
On the virtualization deployment side, the
在諸如圖10所示的共存部署模型中,網路服務協調可基於完整的端到端實體及虛擬化部署側。NFVO 1036可負責跨實體及虛擬網路功能二者的網路服務的部署及生命週期管理。因此,使用共存部署模型,可即時、或者接近即時地完成與NE 1024、1028及1032的PNF相關聯的系統參數的值的監測,以允許虛擬化部署側以整體系統提供網路服務的期望和高效率的傳遞的方式來調整資源。這可透過在EM 1012和1016及VNFM 1040之間;在NM 1008及NFVO 1036之間;或在OSS/BSS 1004及NFVO 1036之間提供介面而完成,該介面被配置成提供與由NE 1024、1028及1032的PNF所提供的操作相關的效能管理資料的交換。將參考圖13-15更詳細地說明這些實施例的操作細節。
In a coexistence deployment model such as that shown in Figure 10, network service coordination can be based on a complete end-to-end entity and virtualization deployment side.
本揭示之實施例可被實現為使用任何合適的硬體及/或軟體來根據需要進行配置的系統。圖11示意性地示出一可用於執行本文所述之各種實施例的示例性電腦系統1100。圖11示出,針對一個實施例,一示例性電腦系統1100具有處理器電路1104、系統記憶體1108、非揮發性記憶體(NVM)/儲存器1112、及通訊電路1116。系統1100還
可包括介面電路1120,其與處理器電路1104、系統記憶體1108、NVM/儲存器1112及通訊電路1116耦接,如圖所示。
The embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented as a system that uses any suitable hardware and/or software to configure as needed. Figure 11 schematically illustrates an
在一些實施例中,系統1100可以作用為NFVO、VNFM、VIM、主機裝置、OSS/BSS、或執行本文所述實施例的其他裝置。系統1100可被實現為與3GPP網路中的伺服器協同操作的伺服器或裝置。例如,在一些實施例中,系統1100可以是3GPP網路的核心網路(或系統架構演進(SAE)中的演進封包核心(EPC))內的伺服器。
In some embodiments, the
針對一個實施例的介面電路1120可包括任何合適的介面控制器和連接器,以與處理器電路1104、系統記憶體1108、NVM/儲存器1112及通訊電路1116中的一或多個互連。介面控制器可包括,但不限於,記憶體控制器、儲存器控制器(例如,獨立磁碟冗餘陣列(RAID)控制器、基板管理控制器(BMC)、輸入/輸出控制器等等。連接器可包括,例如,匯流排(例如,高速週邊元件互連(PCIe)匯流排)、埠、插槽、跳線、互連模組等等)。
The
處理器電路1104可包括任何類型或組合的可組態或不可組態的電路,其被設計成執行由電腦程式的指令所指定的基本運算、邏輯、控制、或輸入/輸出操作。處理器電路1104可包括一或多個單核心或多核心處理器,其作為時序驅動、暫存器型態可編程的電子裝置,該電子裝置接受數位資料作為輸入並且依據儲存在系統記憶體1108及/或NVM/儲存器1112中的指令處理該數位資料以提供致能本
說明書之各個部分中所描述的操作的輸出。處理器電路1104可與系統記憶體1108及/或NVM/儲存器1112耦接,並被配置成執行儲存於其中的指令,以致能運行於系統1100上的各種應用(例如,VNF應用440和444)、作業系統(例如,OS 424)、超管理器(例如,超管理器420)。
The
處理器電路1104可包括通用處理器和專用處理器的任意組合。在一些實施例中,處理器電路1104可包括中央處理單元、應用處理器、通訊處理器、微處理器、ASIC、精簡指令集電腦(RISC)、數位信號處理器DSP、共處理器、組合邏輯電路、控制器(例如,記憶體、橋接器、匯流排等)等。
The
針對一個實施例,處理器電路1104中的至少一些可以與用於介面電路之一或多個控制器的邏輯封裝在一起。針對一個實施例,處理器電路1104之處理器中的至少一個可與用於介面電路1120之一或多個控制器的邏輯封裝在一起以形成系統級封裝(SiP)。針對一個實施例,處理器電路1104之處理器中的至少一個可與用於介面電路1120之一或多個控制器的邏輯集成在相同晶片上以形成系統單晶片。
For one embodiment, at least some of the
系統記憶體1108可被用來載入和儲存,例如,用於系統1100的資料及/或指令。例如,針對一個實施例的系統記憶體1108可包括任何合適的揮發性記憶體,例如合適的DRAM或SRAM。在一些實施例中,系統記憶體1108可包括第四代雙倍資料率同步動態隨機存取記憶體(DDR4 SDRAM)。
The system memory 1108 can be used to load and store, for example, data and/or commands for the
NVM/儲存器1112可被用來,例如,儲存資料及/或指令。NVM/儲存器1112可包括,例如,任何合適的非揮發性記憶體,諸如快閃記憶體,及/或,例如,可包括任何合適的非揮發性儲存裝置,諸如一或多個硬式磁碟機HDD、一或多個光碟CD驅動器、RAID、及/或一或多個數位多功能光碟DVD驅動器。
The NVM/
NVM/儲存器1112可包括儲存器/記憶體資源,實體上為其上安裝有系統1100的裝置的一部分,或其可以由裝置的一部分存取但不一定是裝置的一部分。例如,可經由通訊電路1116透過網路存取NVM/儲存器1112。
The NVM/
通訊電路1116可為系統1100提供一介面,以透過一或多個網路通訊及/或與任何其他合適的裝置通訊。系統1100可依據一或多個網路標準及/或協定中的任一個與網路的一或多個元件通訊。在一些實施例中,通訊電路1116可依據適當的通訊網路協定提供信號處理。例如,通訊電路1116可包括乙太網路控制器,其執行,例如,百億位元(10 Gigabit)乙太網路、1000BASE-T、100BASE-TX、或10BASE-T標準之乙太網路協定。參考圖12更詳細地描述此實施例。
The communication circuit 1116 can provide an interface for the
在電腦系統1100被用作為主機裝置,例如主機裝置400,的實施例中,處理器電路1104可對應於計算電路408,系統記憶體1108及NVM/儲存器1112可對應於儲存/記憶體電路412,及通訊電路1116可對應於網路電路416。
In an embodiment where the
圖12示出依據一些實施例之乙太網路控制器1200。乙
太網路控制器1200可在系統1100中實現以提供有線連接。例如,乙太網路控制器1200可在通訊電路1116內實現。在一些實施例中,乙太網路控制器1200可特別適用於利用諸如,例如,主機裝置400的虛擬化資源的實施例。
Figure 12 shows an Ethernet controller 1200 according to some embodiments. B
The Ethernet controller 1200 can be implemented in the
乙太網路控制器1200可包括主機介面1212,用以將乙太網路控制器1200透過,例如,介面電路1120與主機平台耦合。在一些實施例中,主機介面1212可以是匯流排介面,用以與諸如PCIe匯流排之串列擴充匯流排耦合。在一些實施例中,主機介面1212可以是使用單根(single root)輸入-輸出虛擬化(SR-IOV)的PCIe端點,以為了管理性及效能原因而允許隔離PCIe資源。這可允許在虛擬環境中的不同虛擬機器共享單一PCIe硬體介面。在其他實施例中,主機介面1212可以是使用多根(multiple root)輸入/輸出虛擬化的PCIe端點,其允許PCIe匯流排在不同實體機器上的不同虛擬機器之間共享資源。
The Ethernet controller 1200 may include a
乙太網路控制器1200可包括佇列管理及排程(QMS)電路1216。亦可被稱為網路或封包排程器的QMS電路1216可採用排隊/排程演算法來控制乙太網路控制器1200的發送和接收封包。QMS電路1216可管理在乙太網路控制器1200的發送和接收佇列中的一系列網路封包。在一些實施例中,QMS電路1216可包括數個不同的佇列,每個佇列依據配置的封包分類規則而保有一個流量的封包。例如,可透過封包的來源和目的地IP位址、服務品質需求等等來將封包劃分成流量。
The Ethernet controller 1200 may include a queue management and scheduling (QMS)
在一些實施例中,QMS電路1216可被乙太網路控制器1200用來執行接收側縮放調整以跨主機平台的可用處理核心傳播傳入的封包。QMS電路1216還可提供流向功能,其包括智慧型卸載,用以將傳入的封包直接放置到正確的核心,以避免封包被引導到可用的處理核心,即使另一核心正在運行為封包目標的應用,例如,VNF應用。
In some embodiments, the
乙太網路控制器1200還可包括協定加速/卸載(A/O)電路1220。協定A/O電路1220可從主處理器卸載特定協定或者特定協定的功能的處理。例如,在一些實施例中,協定A/O電路1220可包括傳輸控制協定TCP卸載引擎,用以將TCP/IP堆疊的處理從主機平台卸載至乙太網路控制器1200。這在諸如十億位元乙太網路(Gigabit Ethernet)及百億位元乙太網路的高速網路介面中是特別有用的。卸載處理可包括與TCP之連接導向的性質相關聯的動作,諸如,但不限於,傳輸層連接建立、已接收封包的應答、校驗和(checksum)與序列號計算、滑動窗計算、及傳輸層連接終止。
The Ethernet controller 1200 may also include an agreement acceleration/offload (A/O)
乙太網路控制器1200還可包括流量分類器1224。流量分類器1224可執行依據各種參數(例如,埠數、協定等等)將流量分類成數個流量類別的過程。可不同地對待每個流量類別以區別由乙太網路控制器1200所提供的服務。
The Ethernet controller 1200 may also include a
乙太網路控制器1200還可包括媒體存取控制器1228,用以使用,例如,具碰撞偵測的載波感測多重存取(CSMA/CD)協定來執行乙太網路控制器1200之MAC層操
作。媒體存取控制器1228可包括數個全雙工乙太網路MAC埠,其可被配置成在不同速度,例如,40Gb/s、10Gb/s、1Gb/s操作。
The Ethernet controller 1200 may also include a
乙太網路控制器1200還可包括PHY 1232,用以執行乙太網路PHY層操作。在一些實施例中,PHY 1232可包括直接與通訊媒體(例如,背板或直接連接雙軸銅纜組件)連接或者透過乙太網路介面的介面,在某些情況下可被視為外部的PHY。PHY 1232可在乙太網路之線路調變的類比域以及由媒體存取控制器1228執行之鏈路層封包傳訊的數位域之間介接。在一些實施例中,PHY電路可包括多速率媒體附件單元介面(MAUI),其可被用於操作和數個不同的鏈路速度,例如,40Gb/s、10Gb/s、1Gb/s或100Mb/s。
The Ethernet controller 1200 may also include a
乙太網路控制器1200還可包括頻內(in-band)管理電路1236,具有執行各種晶片上管理功能的控制器或處理器。頻內管理電路1236可與晶片外(off-chip)管理控制器介接,其透過:系統管理匯流排SMBus;網路控制器邊帶介面NC-SI;或使用,例如,管理元件傳輸協定MCTP與主機介面1212連接以在PCIe上通訊。
The Ethernet controller 1200 may also include an in-
頻內管理電路1236可包括基板管理控制器或嵌入式管理處理器單元,其處理由乙太網路控制器執行但不由其他電路,例如,乙太網路控制器的裝置驅動器執行的管理任務。在一些實施例中,這些任務可包括執行部分的通電程序、處理AQ命令、初始化埠、參與各種組構(fabric)組態協定,諸如資料中心橋接容量交換(DCBX)及其他鏈路層
發現協定(LLDP)、及處理由管理介面接收到的組態請求。
The in-
圖13示出依據一些實施例之主機裝置400的示例性操作流程/演算法結構。特別是,操作流程/演算法結構1300可由本地監視器,諸如主機裝置400的本地監視器484進行。
FIG. 13 shows an exemplary operation flow/algorithm structure of the
操作流程/演算法結構1300可包括,在1304,實例化第一VM以運行VNFC來執行網路功能的子功能。例如,主機裝置400的超管理器420可實例化VM 472來運行VNFC 448,如上所述。
The operation flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1300還可包括,在1308,實例化第二VM以運行本地監視器來監控第一VM,例如,VM 472的效能,並依據監控的效能來確定VM管理動作。例如,主機裝置400的超管理器420可實例化VM 488以運行本地監視器484。本地監視器484可參與如本文所描述之效能監控及管理操作流程/演算法結構,以提供方塊1308的監控和確定。
The operation flow/
在一些實施例中,VM的效能監控可在預定採樣間隔內完成,並且可識別與VNFC 448相關聯的資源的過度利用或利用不足。在這些實施例中,VM管理動作可透過,例如,實例化新的VM、關閉VM 472或放大/縮小VM 472來至少部分地解決資源的過度利用或利用不足。
In some embodiments, the performance monitoring of the VM can be completed within a predetermined sampling interval, and over-utilization or under-utilization of resources associated with
圖14示出依據一些實施例之主機裝置400的示例性操作流程/演算法結構1400。特別是,操作流程/演算法結構1400可由本地監視器,諸如主機裝置400的本地監視器484
進行。
FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary operation flow/algorithm structure 1400 of the
操作流程/演算法結構1400可包括,在1404,確定系統參數的第一值,其對應於提供虛擬化網路功能的VDU的操作。為了本說明的目的,VDU可對應於VM 472/VNFC 448。亦可被稱為初始值或閾值的第一值可被包括在NSD描述符中,並且可至少原始地從沙箱分析獲得。
The operation flow/algorithm structure 1400 may include, at 1404, determining the first value of the system parameter, which corresponds to the operation of the VDU that provides the virtualized network function. For the purpose of this description, VDU may correspond to
在1408,操作流程/演算法結構1400可包括接收系統參數的第二值。亦可被稱為新值的第二值可表示VDU的即時或接近即時的操作統計。 At 1408, the operational flow/algorithm structure 1400 may include receiving the second value of the system parameter. The second value, which can also be referred to as the new value, can represent real-time or near-real-time operation statistics of the VDU.
在1412,操作流程/演算法結構1400可包括將第二值與第一值進行比較。依據一些實施例,第一/第二值的比較可類似於上面關於圖6-8所描述的過程。 At 1412, the operational flow/algorithm structure 1400 may include comparing the second value to the first value. According to some embodiments, the comparison of the first/second value may be similar to the process described above with respect to FIGS. 6-8.
在1416,操作流程/演算法結構1400可包括依據在1412執行的比較來執行利用不足或過度利用管理動作。在一些實施例中,該些管理動作可包括將請求傳送給全域監視器,例如,VNFM 116的全域監視器118。該請求可以是執行過度利用管理動作以將vCPU添加到VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到VDU、或實例化另一VDU來卸載VDU的至少一些操作的請求。
At 1416, the operational flow/algorithm structure 1400 may include performing underutilization or overutilization management actions based on the comparison performed at 1412. In some embodiments, these management actions may include transmitting the request to the global monitor, for example, the
圖15示出依據一些實施例之VNFM的示例性操作流程/演算法結構1500。特別是,操作流程/演算法結構1500可由,例如,VNFM 1040的全域監視器進行。
FIG. 15 shows an exemplary operation flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1500可包括,在1504,接收包括效能測量的報告。該效能測量可與共存網路模型中由
PNF所提供的操作相關,如圖10所示。VNFM 1040的全域監視器可從元件管理器1012和1016透過VeEn-Vnfm參考點接收報告。
The operational flow/
該報告可包括NS識別符、PNF識別符、及該效能測量的一或多個值。對應於該報告的信號結構可包括NS識別符欄位、PNF識別符欄位、及用於該效能測量的一或多個值的一或多個測量欄位。該信號結構可符合VeEn-Vnfm參考點的協定。 The report may include an NS identifier, a PNF identifier, and one or more values of the performance measurement. The signal structure corresponding to the report may include an NS identifier field, a PNF identifier field, and one or more measurement fields for one or more values of the performance measurement. The signal structure can comply with the VeEn-Vnfm reference point agreement.
全域監視器可依據針對系統的網路功能的生命週期管理的效能測量的值來做出決定。接著,在1508,操作流程/演算法結構1500可包括全域監視器傳送管理動作的一或多個請求。例如,全域監視器可依據效能測量的值來確定系統資源是否過度利用或者利用不足,並且可確定是否執行相應的過度利用或利用不足管理動作。類似於上面關於圖6-9的描述,過度利用/利用不足管理動作可包括實例化新的VNF、移除現有的VNF、或放大/縮小現有的VNF(透過增加/減少分配給VNF之VM的資源)。在一些實施例中,被傳輸的請求可包括從VNFM 1040至NFVO 1036的請求,用以當支援網路1000的實體部署側時,驗證資源可用性來實例化新的VNF或者放大現有的VNF。
The global monitor can make a decision based on the value of the performance measurement for the life cycle management of the network function of the system. Next, at 1508, the operational flow/
圖16示出依據一些實施例之EM或NM的示例性操作流程/演算法結構1600。特別是,操作流程/演算法結構1600可由,例如,EM 1016或NM 1008進行。
FIG. 16 shows an exemplary operation flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1600可包括,在1604,接收和
處理效能測量的指標。例如,該效能測量可與由NE 1032之PNF所提供的服務相關。可由NM 1008在透過Os-Nfvo參考點從EM 1016接收的報告中接收該指標。替代的,可由EM 1016從NE 1032的PNF接收該指標。
The operational flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1600還可包括,在1608,更新一或多個計數器。該些計數器可以是NM 1008或EM 1016上的邏輯或電路,其被配置成暫時性地儲存與效能測量相關的資訊。
The operational flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1600還可包括,在1612,檢測預定的報告事件的發生。在一些實施例中,NM 1008或EM 1016可監控該些計數器,以便確定是否發生預定的報告事件。在各種實施例中,預定的報告事件可以是,至少一個計數器具有大於門檻報告值的值。在其他實施例中,該報告可以是週期性的報告,其中預定的報告事件是定時器的到期。在其他實施例中,預定的報告事件可以是從另一實體,例如,從VNFM 1040或NFVO 1036接收的請求。
The operational flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1600還可包括,在1616,傳送報告。在一些實施例中,該報告的傳送可以是從EM 1016透過VeEn-Vnfm參考點至VNFM 1040,或從NM 1008透過Os-Nfvo參考點至NFVO 1036。
The operational flow/
圖17示出依據一些實施例之NFVO的示例性操作流程/演算法結構1700。特別是,操作流程/演算法結構1700可由,例如,NFVO 1036進行。
FIG. 17 shows an exemplary operation flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1700可包括,在1704,接收包
括效能測量的報告。例如,該效能測量可與PNF 1032所提供的服務相關。在一些實施例中,可由NFVO 1036從NM 1008透過Os-Nfvo參考點接收報告。替代的,可由NFVO 1036從OSS/BSS 1004接收報告。
The operational flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1700還可包括,在1708,執行關於VDU的管理動作。該管理動作可包括,指示VNFM 1040初始化在虛擬化部署側的過度利用或利用不足VM管理動作,以至少部分地解決在實體部署側上的系統資源的過度利用或利用不足。在一些實施例中,由NFVO 1036執行的管理動作可包括確定資源的可用性,以及發送請求給全域監視器,例如,VNFM 116的全域監視器118。該請求可以是執行過度利用管理動作,以將vCPU添加到VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到VDU、或實例化另一VDU來卸載VDU的至少一些操作的請求。
The operational flow/
圖18示出依據一些實施例之OSS/BSS的示例性操作流程/演算法結構1800。特別是,操作流程/演算法結構1800可由,例如,OSS/BSS 1004進行。
FIG. 18 shows an exemplary operation flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1800可包括,在1804,接收包括效能測量的報告。例如,該效能測量可與由NE 1032的PNF所提供的服務相關。在一些實施例中,可由OSS/BSS 1004從NM 1008接收報告。
The operational flow/
操作流程/演算法結構1800還可包括,在1808,傳送報告給,例如,NFVO 1036。在一些實施例中,該報告的
傳送可以基於預定的報告事件的發生的檢測。在一些實施例中,OSS/BSS 1004可監控計數器,以便確定是否發生預定的報告事件。在各種實施例中,預定的報告事件可以是,至少一個計數器具有大於門檻報告值的值。在其他實施例中,該報告可以是週期性報告,其中該預定的報告事件是定時器的到期。在其他實施例中,預定的報告事件可以是從另一實體,例如,從NFVO 1036接收的請求。在一些實施例中,OSS/BSS 1004可在它從NM 1008接收到報告時就將報告轉送給NFVO 1036。
The operational flow/
圖19示出一示例性電腦可讀取媒體1904,其可適合用於儲存指令,該些指令回應於裝置執行指令,致使裝置執行本揭示的所選態樣。在一些實施例中,電腦可讀取媒體1904可以是非暫時性的。如圖所示,電腦可讀取儲存媒體1904可包括程式指令1908。程式指令1908可被組態成回應於程式指令1908的執行而致能裝置,例如,NFVO、VNFM、全域監視器、主機裝置、OSS/BSS、NM、EM或類似的計算裝置,以執行本揭示中所描述的關於VM監控和管理的任何方法或元件(的態樣)。在一些實施例中,程式指令1908可被組態成回應於程式指令1908的執行而致能裝置,以執行本揭示中所描述的關於由PNF、VNF、VNFC及VM執行的生命週期管理操作以及執行實例化新的VM/VNFC(VDU)、關閉現有的VM/VNFC(VDU)、或將VM/VNFC(VDU)放大或縮小的動作的任何方法或元件(的態樣)。在一些實施例中,程式指令1908可被設置在本質
上是暫時的,諸如信號,的電腦可讀取媒體1904上。
Figure 19 shows an exemplary computer readable medium 1904 that may be suitable for storing instructions that, in response to the device executing instructions, cause the device to perform selected aspects of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the computer-
可使用一或多個電腦可用或電腦可讀取媒體的任意組合。電腦可用或電腦可讀取媒體可以是,例如,但不限於,電子、磁性、光學、電磁、紅外線、或半導體系統、設備、裝置、或傳播媒體。電腦可讀取媒體的更具體範例(非窮舉的列出)將包括下列:具有一或多個電線的電連接、可攜式電腦磁碟、硬碟、RAM、ROM、可擦除可編程唯讀記憶體(例如,EPROM、EEPROM、或快閃記憶體)、光纖、可攜式光碟唯讀記憶體(CD-ROM)、光學儲存裝置、諸如支援網際網路或內部網路的傳輸媒體、或磁性儲存裝置。應注意的是,電腦可使用或電腦可讀取媒體甚至可以是其上列印有程式的紙或其他合適的媒體,因為可以透過,例如,光學掃描該紙或其他媒體、接著編譯、轉譯、或者若有需要,以其他合適的方式處理,然後儲存在電腦記憶體中來電子捕獲該程式。在本文件的上下文中,電腦可使用或者電腦可讀取媒體可以是任意媒體,其可包含、儲存、通訊、傳播、或傳輸程式以供指令執行系統、設備、或裝置使用或者與指令執行系統、設備、或裝置連接。電腦可使用媒體可包括在基頻中或者作為載波之一部分的傳播資料信號,其中體現電腦可使用程式碼。可使用任何合適的媒體,包括,但不限於無線、有線、光纖電纜、射頻等來傳輸電腦可使用程式碼。 Any combination of one or more computer-available or computer-readable media can be used. The computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, equipment, device, or propagation medium. More specific examples of computer-readable media (non-exhaustive list) would include the following: electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard drives, RAM, ROM, erasable and programmable Read-only memory (for example, EPROM, EEPROM, or flash memory), optical fiber, portable CD-ROM (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, such as transmission media that support the Internet or Intranet , Or magnetic storage device. It should be noted that the computer-usable or computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program is printed, because it can pass through, for example, optically scanning the paper or other media, and then compiling, translating, Or, if necessary, process it in other suitable ways, and then store it in computer memory to capture the program electronically. In the context of this document, a computer-usable or computer-readable medium can be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, equipment, or device, or use with an instruction execution system , Equipment, or device connection. The computer-usable medium may include a propagated data signal in the base frequency or as a part of a carrier wave, which embodies the computer-usable program code. Any suitable media can be used, including, but not limited to, wireless, wired, fiber optic cable, radio frequency, etc., to transmit computer-usable program codes.
用於執行本揭示之操作的電腦程式碼可以一或多種程式語言的任意組合來編寫,包括物件導向程式語言,諸如 Java、Smalltalk、C++等等,以及傳統程序程式語言,諸如“C”程式語言或類似的程式語言。程式碼可完全在使用者的電腦上、部分地在使用者的電腦上執行作為獨立的套裝軟體,可部分地在使用者的電腦上以及部分地在遠端電腦上或者完全地在遠端電腦或伺服器上執行。在後一種的情況中,可透過任何類型的網路,包括區域網路(LAN)或廣域網路(WAN)將遠端電腦與使用者的電腦連接,或者可連接到外部電腦(例如,透過使用網際網路服務提供商的網際網路)。 The computer program code used to perform the operations of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, etc., as well as traditional programming languages, such as "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The code can be executed entirely on the user’s computer, partly on the user’s computer as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user’s computer and partly on the remote computer or completely on the remote computer Or execute on the server. In the latter case, the remote computer can be connected to the user’s computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (for example, by using Internet service provider’s Internet).
本揭示是參考依據本揭示之實施例的方法、裝置(系統)的流程圖說明或方塊圖以及電腦程式產品來描述的。將可理解的是,可透過電腦程式指令來實現流程圖說明或方塊圖的每個方塊、以及流程圖說明或方塊圖中的方塊的組合。這些電腦程式指令可被提供給通用電腦、專用電腦、或其他可編程資料處理設備的處理器來產生機器,使得透過電腦或其他可編程資料處理設備的處理器執行的指令創建用於實現流程圖或方塊圖之方塊中所指定的功能/動作的機構。 The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart description or block diagram and the combination of the blocks in the flowchart description or block diagram can be realized through computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, or other programmable data processing equipment to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment are created to implement the flowchart Or the mechanism of the function/action specified in the block of the block diagram.
亦可將這些電腦程式指令儲存在電腦可讀取媒體中,其可指示電腦或其他可編程資料處理裝置以特定方式工作,使得儲存在電腦可讀取媒體中的指令產生一製造物品,其包括實現流程圖或方塊圖中的一或多個方塊中指定的功能/動作的指令手段。 These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable medium, which can instruct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce a manufactured article, including An instruction means that implements the functions/actions specified in one or more blocks in the flowchart or block diagram.
亦可將電腦程式指令加載到電腦或其他可編程資料處 理裝置上,以致使將在該電腦或其他可編程裝置上執行的一系列操作步驟產生電腦實現的程序,使得在該電腦或其他可編程裝置上執行的指令提供用於實現流程圖或方塊圖中的一或多個方塊中指定的功能/動作的處理。 It can also load computer program instructions to the computer or other programmable data On the processing device, so that a series of operation steps executed on the computer or other programmable device will generate a computer-implemented program, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device are provided for the realization of a flowchart or block diagram The processing of functions/actions specified in one or more blocks in.
下面提供了一些非限制性範例。 Some non-limiting examples are provided below.
範例1包括一種裝置,包含:用於實例化的機構,實例化第一虛擬機器VM以運行虛擬網路功能元件VNFC,該VNFC用以執行將由虛擬網路功能VNF應用提供的網路功能的子功能,以及實例化第二VM以運行本地監視器,該本地監視器用以:在預定的採樣間隔內監控該第一VM的效能,以識別與該VNFC相關聯的資源的過度利用或利用不足;並且,依據該監控的效能,確定VM管理動作以至少部分地解決與該VNFC相關聯的資源的過度利用或利用不足;以及用於通訊的機構,與網路的一或多個元件通訊以執行該VM管理動作。 Example 1 includes a device, including: a mechanism for instantiation, instantiating a first virtual machine VM to run a virtual network function element VNFC, the VNFC is used to perform the sub-network function provided by the virtual network function VNF application Function, and instantiate a second VM to run a local monitor, the local monitor being used to monitor the performance of the first VM within a predetermined sampling interval to identify over-utilization or under-utilization of resources associated with the VNFC; And, according to the monitoring performance, determine the VM management action to at least partially solve the over-utilization or under-utilization of the resources associated with the VNFC; and the communication mechanism communicates with one or more components of the network for execution The VM management action.
範例2包括範例1的裝置,其中該VM管理動作是用以實例化第三VM來幫助該第一VM以至少部分地解決該些資源的該過度利用或關閉該第一VM以至少部分地解決該些資源的該利用不足。 Example 2 includes the device of Example 1, wherein the VM management action is used to instantiate a third VM to help the first VM to at least partially resolve the over-utilization of the resources or shut down the first VM to at least partially resolve The underutilization of these resources.
範例3包括範例1-2之任一項的裝置,其中該VM管理動作是用以調整(scale)提供給第一VM的操作資源。 Example 3 includes the device of any one of Examples 1-2, wherein the VM management action is used to scale the operating resources provided to the first VM.
範例4包括範例3的裝置,其中所述調整操作資源包括,改變可用於該第一VM的數個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、虛擬記憶體、或虛擬鏈路。 Example 4 includes the device of Example 3, wherein the adjusting operation resource includes changing a number of virtual central processing units vCPUs, virtual memory, or virtual links available for the first VM.
範例5包括範例1-4之任一項的裝置,其中該本地監視器是用以透過該用於通訊的機構,傳送請求給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM中的全域監視器,以驗證該VM管理動作的資源可用性。 Example 5 includes the device of any one of Examples 1-4, wherein the local monitor is used to send a request to the global monitor in the virtual network function manager VNFM through the mechanism for communication to verify the VM Resource availability for management actions.
範例6包括範例1-5之任一項的裝置,其中該本地監視器是用以:依據該監控的效能產生測量報告;以及在該預定的採樣間隔之後,將該測量報告傳送給網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO。 Example 6 includes the device of any one of Examples 1-5, wherein the local monitor is used to: generate a measurement report according to the monitoring performance; and after the predetermined sampling interval, send the measurement report to the network function Virtualized scheduler NFVO.
範例7包括範例1-6之任一項的裝置,其中該本地監視器是用以:確定系統參數的第一值;依據該監控的效能確定該系統參數的第二值;以及依據該第二值與該第一值的比較確定該VM管理動作。 Example 7 includes the device of any one of Examples 1-6, wherein the local monitor is used to: determine the first value of the system parameter; determine the second value of the system parameter according to the monitoring performance; and according to the second value The comparison of the value with the first value determines the VM management action.
範例8包括範例7的裝置,其中該系統參數是佇列時間、服務時間、計算週期數、網路頻寬、或虛擬記憶體。 Example 8 includes the device of Example 7, wherein the system parameter is queue time, service time, number of calculation cycles, network bandwidth, or virtual memory.
範例9包括範例7或8的裝置,其中該第一值是透過以定時的間隔對該系統參數的狀態進行採樣而被確定的。 Example 9 includes the device of Example 7 or 8, wherein the first value is determined by sampling the state of the system parameter at regular intervals.
範例10包括範例7-9之任一項的裝置,其中該第一值是透過沙箱分析而被確定的。 Example 10 includes the device of any one of Examples 7-9, wherein the first value is determined through sandbox analysis.
範例11包括範例7或8的裝置,其中該本地監視器是用以依據從虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM的全域監視器接收到的訊息來確定該第一值。 Example 11 includes the device of Example 7 or 8, wherein the local monitor is used to determine the first value based on a message received from the global monitor of the virtual network function manager VNFM.
範例12包括一種裝置,包含:用於提供的機構,提供本地監視器以:確定一或多個系統參數的一或多個第一值,其相應於提供虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的 操作;從該VDU接收該一或多個系統參數的一或多個第二值;將該一或多個第二值中的一第二值與該一或多個第一值中的一第一值相比較,該第一及該第二值相應於該一或多個系統參數的第一系統參數;並且依據該第二值與該第一值的比較,執行利用不足或過度利用管理動作;以及用於通訊的機構,與網路的一或多個元件通訊以執行該利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 12 includes a device including: a mechanism for providing, providing a local monitor to: determine one or more first values of one or more system parameters, which correspond to a virtual data unit VDU that provides a virtualized network function of Operation; receiving one or more second values of the one or more system parameters from the VDU; a second value among the one or more second values and a first value among the one or more first values A value is compared, the first value and the second value correspond to the first system parameter of the one or more system parameters; and based on the comparison between the second value and the first value, an underutilization or overutilization management action is performed ; And an organization used for communication to communicate with one or more components of the network to perform the under-utilization or over-utilization management action.
範例13包括範例12的裝置,其中所述執行該利用不足或過度利用管理動作,該本地監視器是用以:透過用於通訊的機構,傳送請求給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM的全域監視器。 Example 13 includes the device of Example 12, wherein the local monitor is used to: send a request to the global monitor of the virtual network function manager VNFM through a mechanism for communication through the execution of the under-utilization or over-utilization management action .
範例14包括範例12或13的裝置,其中該本地監視器係用以執行過度利用管理動作,以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化另一VDU。 Example 14 includes the device of example 12 or 13, wherein the local monitor is used to perform over-utilization management actions to add a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increase the throughput of a virtual link, and transfer one or more memory The block is added to the VDU, or another VDU is instantiated.
範例15包括範例12-14之任一項的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、及計算週期參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該計算週期參數的第一值小於該計算週期參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU。 Example 15 includes the device of any one of Examples 12-14, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, and calculation period parameters, and the local monitor is also used to: detect the first group Condition, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the second value of the service time parameter; and the calculation The first value of the cycle parameter is smaller than the second value of the calculation cycle parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the over-utilization management action is executed to add the virtual central processing unit to the VDU.
範例16包括範例12-14之任一項的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、及網路頻寬參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;以及該網路頻寬參數的第一值小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作以增加虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 16 includes the device of any one of Examples 12-14, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, and network bandwidth parameters, and the local monitor also uses To: detect a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the first value of the service time parameter Two values; the first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; and the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is less than the second value of the network bandwidth parameter; and according to the first The group condition is detected, and the over-utilization management action is executed to increase the throughput of the virtual link.
範例17包括範例12-14之任一項的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、網路頻寬參數、及虛擬記憶體參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;該網路頻寬參數的第一值不小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值、以及該虛擬記憶體參數的第一值小於該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU。 Example 17 includes the device of any one of Examples 12-14, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, network bandwidth parameters, and virtual memory parameters, and the The local monitor is also used to detect a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the first value of the queue time parameter. The second value of the service time parameter; the first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is not less than the second value of the network bandwidth parameter, And the first value of the virtual memory parameter is smaller than the second value of the virtual memory parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the over-utilization management action is executed to add one or more memory blocks to the VDU .
範例18包括範例12-14之任一項的裝置,其中該VDU是第一VDU以及該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、網路頻寬參數、及虛擬記 憶體參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;該網路頻寬參數的第一值不小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第一值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值;以及該佇列時間參數的該第一值小於該佇列時間參數的該第二值且該服務時間參數的該第一值大於該服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來實例化第二VDU。 Example 18 includes the device of any one of Examples 12-14, wherein the VDU is the first VDU and the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, network bandwidth parameters, and Virtual note Memory parameters, and the local monitor is also used to: detect a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the service time parameter The first value of is less than the second value of the service time parameter; the first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is not less than the network bandwidth The second value of the parameter; the first value of the virtual memory parameter is not less than the second value of the virtual memory parameter; and the first value of the queue time parameter is less than the second value of the queue time parameter and The first value of the service time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the over-utilization management action is executed to instantiate the second VDU.
範例19包括範例12-14之任一項的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數及服務時間參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間參數的第一值不小於該服務時間參數的第二值、以及該佇列時間參數的該第一值小於該佇列時間參數的該第二值且該服務時間參數的該第一值大於該服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 19 includes the device of any one of Examples 12-14, wherein the one or more system parameters include a queue time parameter and a service time parameter, and the local monitor is further used to: detect a first set of conditions, the first The group condition includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not less than the second value of the service time parameter, and the queue time parameter The first value of is less than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, execute the excessive Use management actions to instantiate additional virtual machines for the VDU.
範例20包括範例12或13的裝置,其中該本地監視器係用以執行利用不足管理動作,以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多 個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 20 includes the device of Example 12 or 13, wherein the local monitor is used to perform underutilization management actions to close the VDU, migrate the operation of the VDU to another VDU, close the VDU, and remove a VDU from the VDU. Or more One memory block, remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduce the throughput of the virtual link.
範例21包括範例20的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數及服務時間參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值大於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該佇列時間參數的該第二值小於該佇列時間參數的預定最小閾值且該服務時間參數的該第二值小於該服務時間參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來關閉該VDU。 Example 21 includes the device of Example 20, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters and service time parameters, and the local monitor is further used to: detect a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions including: the queue The first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and the second value of the queue time parameter is less than the queue List the predetermined minimum threshold of the time parameter and the second value of the service time parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the service time parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, execute the underutilization management action to close the VDU.
範例22包括範例20的裝置,其中該VDU是第一VDU、該一或多個系統參數是包括第一佇列時間參數及第一服務時間參數的第一系統參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該第一佇列時間參數的第一值大於該第一佇列時間參數的第二值且該第一服務時間參數的第一值大於該第一服務時間參數的第二值;以及該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值不小於該佇列時間參數的預定最小閾值或該第一服務時間參數的該第二值不小於該服務時間參數的預定最小閾值;並且依據該第一組條件的檢測,確定第二VDU是否執行與該第一VDU相同的子功能;以及若確定第二VDU正執行與該第一VDU相同的子功能,則獲取該第二VDU的一或多個第二系統參數的一或多個第一值,該一或多個第二系統參數包括第二佇列時間參 數及第二服務時間參數。 Example 22 includes the device of Example 20, wherein the VDU is the first VDU, the one or more system parameters are the first system parameters including the first queue time parameter and the first service time parameter, and the local monitor also uses To: detect a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the first queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter and the first value of the first service time parameter is greater than The second value of the first service time parameter; and the second value of the first queue time parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the queue time parameter or the second value of the first service time parameter is not less than the The predetermined minimum threshold of the service time parameter; and based on the detection of the first set of conditions, it is determined whether the second VDU performs the same sub-function as the first VDU; and if it is determined that the second VDU is performing the same sub-function as the first VDU Function to obtain one or more first values of one or more second system parameters of the second VDU, the one or more second system parameters including the second queue time parameter Number and second service time parameters.
範例23包括範例22的裝置,其中該本地監視器還用以:檢測第二組條件,該第二組條件包括,該第一佇列時間參數的該第一值大於該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值加上該第二佇列時間參數的該第二值且該第一服務時間參數的該第一值大於該第一服務時間參數的該第二值加上該第二服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第二組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來將該第一VDU的操作遷移到該第二VDU並且關閉該第一VDU。 Example 23 includes the device of Example 22, wherein the local monitor is further used to: detect a second set of conditions, the second set of conditions including that the first value of the first queue time parameter is greater than the first queue time parameter Plus the second value of the second queue time parameter and the first value of the first service time parameter is greater than the second value of the first service time parameter plus the second service time The second value of the parameter; and according to the detection of the second set of conditions, perform the underutilization management action to migrate the operation of the first VDU to the second VDU and close the first VDU.
範例24包括範例22的裝置,其中該一或多個第一系統參數包括第一虛擬記憶體參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第二組條件,該第二組條件包括:該第一佇列時間參數的該第一值不大於該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值加上該第二佇列時間參數的該第二值或該第一服務時間參數的該第一值不大於該第一服務時間參數的該第二值加上該第二服務時間參數的該第二值;該第一虛擬記憶體參數的第二值小於該第一虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第二組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該第一VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊。 Example 24 includes the device of example 22, wherein the one or more first system parameters include a first virtual memory parameter, and the local monitor is further used to: detect a second set of conditions, the second set of conditions including: the first set of conditions The first value of a queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter plus the second value of the second queue time parameter or the first value of the first service time parameter Not greater than the second value of the first service time parameter plus the second value of the second service time parameter; the second value of the first virtual memory parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the first virtual memory parameter ; And according to the second set of condition detection, perform the underutilization management action to remove one or more memory blocks from the first VDU.
範例25包括範例20的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、及虛擬記憶體參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括,該佇列時間參數的該第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的該第二值或該服務時間參數的該第一值不大於該服務 時間參數的該第二值,以及該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊。 Example 25 includes the device of Example 20, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, and virtual memory parameters, and the local monitor is also used to: detect a first set of conditions, the first The group condition includes that the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not greater than the service The second value of the time parameter and the second value of the virtual memory parameter are less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the virtual memory parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the underutilization management action is executed to move from the VDU In addition to one or more memory blocks.
範例26包括範例20的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、虛擬記憶體參數及計算週期參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間參數的第一值不大於該服務時間參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及該計算週期參數的第二值小於該計算週期參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元。 Example 26 includes the device of Example 20, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, virtual memory parameters, and calculation cycle parameters, and the local monitor is also used to: detect the first set of conditions, The first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not greater than the second value of the service time parameter; the virtual memory The second value of the volume parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the virtual memory parameter; and the second value of the calculation period parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the calculation period parameter; and the utilization is performed according to the detection of the first set of conditions The insufficient management action removes one or more virtual central processing units from the VDU.
範例27包括範例20的裝置,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、虛擬記憶體參數、計算週期參數、及網路頻寬參數,並且該本地監視器還用以:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間參數的第一值不大於該服務時間參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;該計算週期參數的第二值不小於該計算週期參數的預定最小閾值;以及該網路頻寬參數的第二值小於該網路頻寬的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行 該利用不足管理動作來降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 27 includes the device of Example 20, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, virtual memory parameters, calculation cycle parameters, and network bandwidth parameters, and the local monitor is also used to : Detect the first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not greater than the value of the service time parameter Second value; the second value of the virtual memory parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the virtual memory parameter; the second value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the calculation period parameter; and the network bandwidth The second value of the parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the network bandwidth; and the detection according to the first set of conditions is executed This underutilization management action reduces the throughput of the virtual link.
範例28包括一種用以實現虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM的裝置,該裝置包含:用於接收的機構,從元件管理器接收報告,該報告包括屬於網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量;用於發送的機構,向網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO發送關於提供用於該網路服務之虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的管理動作的請求。 Example 28 includes a device for implementing a virtual network function manager VNFM. The device includes: a mechanism for receiving, receiving a report from the component manager, the report including the performance measurement of the physical network function PNF belonging to the network service ; The sending organization sends to the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO a request for the management action of the virtual data unit VDU that provides the virtualized network function for the network service.
範例29包括範例28的裝置,其中該管理動作是利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 29 includes the device of example 28, wherein the management action is an under-utilization or over-utilization management action.
範例30包括範例28或29的裝置,其中該管理動作是為過度利用管理動作,用以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 30 includes the device of Example 28 or 29, wherein the management action is an over-utilization management action to add a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increase the circulation of a virtual link, and add one or more memory blocks Go to the VDU, or instantiate additional virtual machines for the VDU.
範例31包括範例28或29的裝置,其中該管理動作的請求是利用不足管理動作,用以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 31 includes the device of example 28 or 29, wherein the management action request is an underutilization management action for closing the VDU, migrating the operation of the VDU to another VDU and closing the VDU, removing one or the other from the VDU Multiple memory blocks, remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduce the throughput of the virtual link.
範例32包括範例28-31之任一項的裝置,其中該用於接收的機構是透過VeEn-Vnfm介面接收該報告。 Example 32 includes the device of any one of Examples 28-31, wherein the receiving mechanism receives the report through the VeEn-Vnfm interface.
範例33包括範例28-32之任一項的裝置,其中該效能測量包括移動性管理測量、通用封包無線電服務隧道協定GTP測量、網際網路協定IP管理測量、無線電存取技術間交遞測量、服務品質測量、安全測量、會話管理測量、或 用戶管理測量。 Example 33 includes the device of any one of Examples 28-32, wherein the performance measurement includes mobility management measurement, General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP measurement, Internet Protocol IP management measurement, radio access technology handover measurement, Service quality measurement, security measurement, session management measurement, or User management measurement.
範例34包括範例28-33之任一項的裝置,其中該報告包括對應於該網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於該PNF的PNF識別符、及對應於該效能測量的一或多個值。 Example 34 includes the device of any one of Examples 28-33, wherein the report includes the network service identifier corresponding to the network service, the PNF identifier corresponding to the PNF, and one or more corresponding to the performance measurement Values.
範例35包括一種元件管理器,包含:用於通訊的機構,與要執行網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的網路元件以及虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM通訊;以及用於更新的機構,依據關於該PNF之效能測量的指標來更新計數器,該指標是從該網路元件接收的;以及用於檢測的機構,檢測預定的報告事件的發生,其中該用於通訊的機構是在檢測到該發生時,將依據該指標的報告發送給虛擬網路功能管理器。 Example 35 includes a component manager, including: a mechanism for communication, a network component for the physical network function PNF to perform network services, and a virtual network function manager VNFM communication; and a mechanism for updating, according to The counter is updated with the indicator of the performance measurement of the PNF, the indicator is received from the network element; and the mechanism for detection detects the occurrence of a predetermined report event, wherein the mechanism for communication is detecting the When it happens, a report based on this indicator will be sent to the virtual network function manager.
範例36包括範例35的元件管理器,其中該用於檢測發生的機構還用以:依據該指標,確定系統參數的第一值;將該系統參數的該第一值與預定閾值比較;以及依據該系統參數的該第一值與該預定閾值的比較來檢測該預定的報告事件的發生。 Example 36 includes the component manager of Example 35, wherein the mechanism for detecting occurrence is further used to: determine a first value of a system parameter according to the index; compare the first value of the system parameter with a predetermined threshold; and according to The first value of the system parameter is compared with the predetermined threshold to detect the occurrence of the predetermined report event.
範例37包括範例35或36的元件管理器,其中該預定的報告事件是定期的報告事件。 Example 37 includes the component manager of example 35 or 36, wherein the predetermined report event is a periodic report event.
範例38包括範例35-37之任一項的元件管理器,其中該用於通訊的機構是從該網路元件接收該指標。 Example 38 includes the component manager of any one of Examples 35-37, wherein the mechanism for communication receives the indicator from the network component.
範例39包括範例35-38之任一項的元件管理器,其中該報告包括對應於該網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於該PNF的PNF識別符、及對應於該效能測量之該指標的 值。 Example 39 includes the component manager of any one of Examples 35-38, wherein the report includes the network service identifier corresponding to the network service, the PNF identifier corresponding to the PNF, and the performance measurement corresponding to the Indicator value.
範例40包括一種網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO,包含:用於接收報告的機構,從網路管理器接收包括網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量的報告;以及用於執行的機構,執行關於提供網路服務的虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的管理動作。 Example 40 includes a network function virtualization scheduler NFVO, including: a mechanism for receiving reports, receiving reports from the network manager of the performance measurement of the physical network function PNF including network services; and a mechanism for execution , To perform management actions on the virtual data unit VDU of the virtualized network function that provides network services.
範例41包括範例40的NFVO,其中該管理動作是利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 41 includes the NFVO of Example 40, where the management action is an under-utilization or over-utilization management action.
範例42包括範例40或41的NFVO,其中該管理動作是過度利用管理動作,用以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 42 includes the NFVO of example 40 or 41, wherein the management action is an over-utilization management action to add a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increase the throughput of a virtual link, and add one or more memory blocks to the VDU The VDU, or instantiate additional virtual machines for the VDU.
範例43包括範例40或41的NFVO,其中該管理動作是利用不足管理動作,用以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 43 includes the NFVO of example 40 or 41, wherein the management action is an underutilization management action for closing the VDU, migrating the operation of the VDU to another VDU and closing the VDU, removing one or more from the VDU Memory block, remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduce the throughput of the virtual link.
範例44包括範例40-43之任一項的NFVO,其中該用於接收報告的機構是透過Os-Nfvo介面接收該報告。 Example 44 includes the NFVO of any one of Examples 40-43, wherein the organization for receiving the report receives the report through the Os-Nfvo interface.
範例45包括範例40-44之任一項的NFVO,其中該報告包括對應於該網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於該PNF的PNF識別符、以及對應於該效能測量之指標的值。 Example 45 includes the NFVO of any one of Examples 40-44, wherein the report includes the network service identifier corresponding to the network service, the PNF identifier corresponding to the PNF, and the value of the index corresponding to the performance measurement .
範例46包括一種網路管理器,包含:用於處理的機構,處理關於網路服務的實體網路功能PNF的效能測量的 指標,該指標是從元件管理器接收的;用於更新的機構,依據該指標來更新計數器;用於檢測的機構,檢測預定的報告事件的發生;以及用於發送的機構,依據該檢測到的發生而依據該指標將報告發送給網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO。 Example 46 includes a network manager, including: a mechanism for processing, processing the performance measurement of the physical network function PNF related to network services The indicator is received from the component manager; the institution used for updating updates the counter according to the indicator; the institution used for detection detects the occurrence of a predetermined report event; and the institution used for sending is based on the detection According to the indicator, the report is sent to the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO.
範例47包括範例46的網路管理器,其中透過該網路管理器和該元件管理器之間的Itf-N介面接收該指標。 Example 47 includes the network manager of Example 46, wherein the indicator is received through the Itf-N interface between the network manager and the component manager.
範例48包括範例46或47的網路管理器,其中該網路管理器是透過在該網路管理器和該NFVO之間的Os-Nfvo介面發送該報告。 Example 48 includes the network manager of example 46 or 47, wherein the network manager sends the report through the Os-Nfvo interface between the network manager and the NFVO.
範例49包括範例46-48之任一項的網路管理器,其中該用於檢測該發生的機構係用以:依據該指標,確定系統參數的第一值;將該系統參數的該第一值與預定閾值比較;以及依據該系統參數的該第一值與該預定閾值的比較來檢測該預定的報告事件的發生。 Example 49 includes the network manager of any one of Examples 46-48, wherein the mechanism for detecting the occurrence is used to: determine the first value of the system parameter according to the index; Comparing the value with a predetermined threshold; and detecting the occurrence of the predetermined report event based on the comparison of the first value of the system parameter with the predetermined threshold.
範例50包括範例46-48之任一項的網路管理器,其中該預定的報告事件是定期的報告事件。 Example 50 includes the network manager of any one of Examples 46-48, wherein the scheduled report event is a periodic report event.
範例51包括一種網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO,包含:用於接收的機構,從營運支援系統或業務支援系統OSS/BSS的裝置接收報告,該報告包括屬於網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量;以及用於執行的機構,執行關於提供該網路服務的虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的管理動作。 Example 51 includes a network function virtualization scheduler NFVO, including: a receiving organization, receiving reports from the operation support system or the business support system OSS/BSS device, the report includes the physical network function PNF belonging to the network service The performance measurement of the network service; and the organization used for execution to perform the management actions of the virtual data unit VDU that provides the virtualized network function of the network service.
範例52包括範例51的NFVO,其中該管理動作是利用 不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 52 includes the NFVO of Example 51, where the management action is to use Under- or over-utilization of management actions.
範例53包括範例51或52的NFVO,其中該管理動作是過度利用管理動作,用以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 53 includes the NFVO of Example 51 or 52, where the management action is an over-utilization management action to add a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increase the throughput of a virtual link, and add one or more memory blocks to the VDU. The VDU, or instantiate additional virtual machines for the VDU.
範例54包括範例51或52的NFVO,其中該管理動作的請求是利用不足管理動作,用以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 54 includes the NFVO of example 51 or 52, wherein the management action request is an underutilization management action for closing the VDU, migrating the operation of the VDU to another VDU and closing the VDU, removing one or the other from the VDU Multiple memory blocks, remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduce the throughput of the virtual link.
範例55包括範例51-54之任一項的NFVO,其中該用於執行該管理動作的機構係用以:將動作請求發送給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM。 Example 55 includes the NFVO of any one of Examples 51-54, wherein the mechanism for executing the management action is to send the action request to the virtual network function manager VNFM.
範例56包括一種營運支援系統OSS或業務支援系統BSS的裝置,該裝置包含:用於接收的機構,從網路管理器NM接收訊息,該訊息包括屬於網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量的指標;以及用於發送的機構,依據檢測到的發生來依據該指標將報告發送給網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO。 Example 56 includes an operating support system OSS or business support system BSS device. The device includes: a receiving organization, receiving a message from the network manager NM, and the message includes the performance of the physical network function PNF belonging to the network service The measurement index; and the organization used for sending, according to the detected occurrence, the report is sent to the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO according to the index.
範例57包括範例56的裝置,還包含:用於確定的機構,依據該指標來確定系統參數的第一值;用於比較的機構,將該系統參數的該第一值與預定閾值比較;以及用於識別的機構,依據該系統參數的該第一值與該預定閾值的比較來識別該檢測到的發生。 Example 57 includes the device of Example 56, and further includes: a mechanism for determining to determine a first value of a system parameter based on the index; a mechanism for comparison to compare the first value of the system parameter with a predetermined threshold; and The mechanism for identification identifies the occurrence of the detection based on the comparison between the first value of the system parameter and the predetermined threshold.
範例58包括範例56或57的裝置,其中該檢測到的發生是定期的報告事件。 Example 58 includes the device of Example 56 or 57, wherein the detected occurrence is a periodic report event.
範例59包括範例56-58之任一項的裝置,其中該報告包括對應於該網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於該PNF的PNF識別符、以及對應於該效能測量的該指標的值。 Example 59 includes the device of any one of Examples 56-58, wherein the report includes the network service identifier corresponding to the network service, the PNF identifier corresponding to the PNF, and the indicator corresponding to the performance measurement value.
範例60包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,當由一或多個處理器執行該些指令時,使裝置:實例化第一虛擬機器VM以運行虛擬網路功能元件VNFC,該VNFC用以執行將由虛擬網路功能VNF應用提供的網路功能的子功能;實例化第二VM以運行本地監視器,該本地監視器用以:在預定的採樣間隔內監控該第一VM的效能以識別與該VNFC相關聯的資源的過度利用或利用不足;並且,依據該監控的效能,確定VM管理動作以至少部分地解決與該VNFC相關聯的資源的過度利用或利用不足。 Example 60 includes one or more computer-readable media with instructions, when the instructions are executed by one or more processors, the device: instantiates the first virtual machine VM to run the virtual network function element VNFC, the VNFC Used to perform the sub-functions of the network function to be provided by the virtual network function VNF application; instantiate a second VM to run a local monitor, the local monitor is used to: monitor the performance of the first VM within a predetermined sampling interval Identify the over-utilization or under-utilization of the resources associated with the VNFC; and, according to the monitoring performance, determine the VM management action to at least partially solve the over-utilization or under-utilization of the resources associated with the VNFC.
範例61包括範例60的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該VM管理動作是用以實例化第三VM來幫助該第一VM以至少部分地解決該些資源的該過度利用或關閉該第一VM以至少部分地解決該些資源的該利用不足。 Example 61 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 60, wherein the VM management action is used to instantiate a third VM to help the first VM to at least partially solve the over-utilization of the resources or shut down the first VM. A VM can at least partially solve the underutilization of the resources.
範例62包括範例60-61之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該VM管理動作是用以調整提供給該第一VM的操作資源。 Example 62 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 60-61, wherein the VM management action is used to adjust the operating resources provided to the first VM.
範例63包括範例62的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中所述調整操作資源包括,改變可用於該第一VM的數個虛擬中央處理單元(vCPU)、虛擬記憶體、或虛擬鏈路。 Example 63 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 62, wherein the adjustment operation resource includes changing a number of virtual central processing units (vCPUs), virtual memory, or virtual links available for the first VM.
範例64包括範例60-63之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該本地監視器是用以傳送請求給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM中的全域監視器,以驗證該VM管理動作的資源可用性。 Example 64 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 60-63, wherein the local monitor is used to send a request to the global monitor in the virtual network function manager VNFM to verify the VM management The resource availability of the action.
範例65包括範例60-64之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該本地監視器是用以:依據該監控的效能產生測量報告;以及在該預定的採樣間隔之後,將該測量報告傳送給網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO。 Example 65 includes the one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 60-64, wherein the local monitor is used to: generate a measurement report according to the monitoring performance; and after the predetermined sampling interval, the The measurement report is sent to the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO.
範例66包括範例60-65之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該本地監視器是用以:確定系統參數的第一值;依據該監控的效能確定該系統參數的第二值;以及依據該第二值與該第一值的比較確定該VM管理動作。 Example 66 includes the one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 60-65, wherein the local monitor is used to: determine the first value of the system parameter; determine the second value of the system parameter according to the monitoring performance Value; and the VM management action is determined based on the comparison of the second value and the first value.
範例67包括範例66的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該系統參數是佇列時間、服務時間、計算週期數、網路頻寬、或虛擬記憶體。 Example 67 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 66, wherein the system parameter is queue time, service time, number of calculation cycles, network bandwidth, or virtual memory.
範例68包括範例66或67的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該第一值是透過以定時的間隔對該系統參數的狀態進行採樣而被確定的。 Example 68 includes one or more computer-readable media of Example 66 or 67, wherein the first value is determined by sampling the state of the system parameter at regular intervals.
範例69包括範例66-68之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該第一值是透過沙箱分析而被確定的。 Example 69 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 66-68, wherein the first value is determined through sandbox analysis.
範例70包括範例66或67的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該本地監視器是用以依據從虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM的全域監視器接收到的訊息來確定該第一值。 Example 70 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 66 or 67, wherein the local monitor is used to determine the first value based on a message received from the global monitor of the virtual network function manager VNFM.
範例71包括一種方法,包含:實例化第一虛擬機器 VM以運行虛擬網路功能元件VNFC,該VNFC用以執行將由虛擬網路功能VNF應用提供的網路功能的子功能;以及實例化第二VM以運行本地監視器,該本地監視器用以:在預定的採樣間隔內監控該第一VM的效能以識別與該VNFC相關聯的資源的過度利用或利用不足;依據該監控的效能,確定VM管理動作以至少部分地解決與該VNFC相關聯的資源的過度利用或利用不足。 Example 71 includes a method including: instantiating a first virtual machine The VM runs the virtual network function element VNFC, which is used to perform the sub-functions of the network function to be provided by the virtual network function VNF application; and instantiates a second VM to run a local monitor, which is used to: Monitor the performance of the first VM within a predetermined sampling interval to identify over-utilization or under-utilization of resources associated with the VNFC; according to the monitoring performance, determine VM management actions to at least partially resolve the resources associated with the VNFC Of over-utilization or under-utilization.
範例72包括範例71的方法,其中該VM管理動作是用以實例化第三VM來幫助該第一VM以至少部分地解決該些資源的該過度利用或關閉該第一VM以至少部分地解決該些資源的該利用不足。 Example 72 includes the method of Example 71, wherein the VM management action is used to instantiate a third VM to help the first VM to at least partially resolve the over-utilization of the resources or shut down the first VM to at least partially resolve The underutilization of these resources.
範例73包括範例71或72的方法,其中該本地監視器是用以傳送請求給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM中的全域監視器,以驗證該VM管理動作的資源可用性。 Example 73 includes the method of example 71 or 72, wherein the local monitor is used to send a request to the global monitor in the virtual network function manager VNFM to verify the resource availability of the VM management action.
範例74包括範例71-73之任一項的方法,其中該本地監視器是用以:依據該監控的效能產生測量報告;以及在該預定的採樣間隔之後,將該測量報告傳送給網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO。 Example 74 includes the method of any one of Examples 71-73, wherein the local monitor is used to: generate a measurement report according to the monitoring performance; and after the predetermined sampling interval, send the measurement report to the network function Virtualized scheduler NFVO.
範例75包括範例71-74之任一項的方法,其中該本地監視器是用以:確定系統參數的第一值;依據該監控的效能確定該系統參數的第二值;以及依據該第二值與該第一值的比較確定該VM管理動作。 Example 75 includes the method of any one of Examples 71-74, wherein the local monitor is used to: determine the first value of the system parameter; determine the second value of the system parameter according to the monitoring performance; and according to the second value The comparison of the value with the first value determines the VM management action.
範例76包括範例75的方法,還包含:以定時的間隔對該系統參數的狀態進行採樣來確定該第一值。 Example 76 includes the method of Example 75, and further includes: sampling the state of the system parameter at regular intervals to determine the first value.
範例77包括範例75或76的方法,還包含:透過沙箱分析確定該第一值。 Example 77 includes the method of Example 75 or 76, and further includes: determining the first value through sandbox analysis.
範例78包括範例76或77的方法,其中該本地監視器是用以依據從虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM的全域監視器接收到的訊息來確定該第一值。 Example 78 includes the method of example 76 or 77, wherein the local monitor is used to determine the first value based on a message received from a global monitor of the virtual network function manager VNFM.
範例79包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,當由一或多個處理器執行該些指令時,使本地監視器:確定一或多個系統參數的一或多個第一值,其相應於提供虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的操作;從該VDU接收該一或多個系統參數的一或多個第二值;將該一或多個第二值中的一第二值與該一或多個第一值中的一第一值相比較,該第一及該第二值相應於該一或多個系統參數的第一系統參數;並且依據該第二值與該第一值的比較,執行利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 79 includes one or more computer-readable media having instructions, when the instructions are executed by one or more processors, cause the local monitor to: determine one or more first values of one or more system parameters, It corresponds to the operation of a virtual data unit VDU that provides a virtualized network function; receiving one or more second values of the one or more system parameters from the VDU; and one of the one or more second values The two values are compared with a first value in the one or more first values, and the first and the second values correspond to the first system parameter of the one or more system parameters; and the second value is compared with The comparison of this first value executes an underutilization or overutilization management action.
範例80包括範例79的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中所述執行該利用不足或過度利用管理動作,該本地監視器是用以:傳送請求給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM的全域監視器。 Example 80 includes the one or more computer readable media of Example 79, wherein the execution of the underutilization or overutilization management action, the local monitor is used to: send a request to the global monitor of the virtual network function manager VNFM .
範例81包括範例79或80的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該本地監視器是用以執行過度利用管理動作,以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化另一VDU。 Example 81 includes one or more computer-readable media of Example 79 or 80, where the local monitor is used to perform over-utilization management actions to add a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increase the throughput of virtual links, Add one or more memory blocks to the VDU, or instantiate another VDU.
範例82包括範例79-81之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服 務時間參數、及計算週期參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該計算週期參數的第一值小於該計算週期參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU。 Example 82 includes the one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 79-81, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, server Service time parameters, and calculation cycle parameters, and when these instructions are executed, the local monitor: detects a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the queue The second value of the time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the second value of the service time parameter; and the first value of the calculation period parameter is less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; and according to the first group The condition is detected, and the over-utilization management action is executed to add the virtual central processing unit to the VDU.
範例83包括範例79-81之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、及網路頻寬參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;以及該網路頻寬參數的第一值小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來增加虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 83 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 79-81, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, and network bandwidth parameters, And when these instructions are executed, the local monitor is also caused to detect a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the service The first value of the time parameter is less than the second value of the service time parameter; the first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; and the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is less than the network The second value of the bandwidth parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the over-utilization management action is executed to increase the throughput of the virtual link.
範例84包括範例79-81之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、網路頻寬參數、及虛擬記憶體參數並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一 值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;該網路頻寬參數的第一值不小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;以及該虛擬記憶體參數的第一值小於該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU。 Example 84 includes the one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 79-81, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, network bandwidth parameters, and Virtual memory parameters and when the instructions are executed, the local monitor: detects a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter Value and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the second value of the service time parameter; the first value of the calculation period parameter The value is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is not less than the second value of the network bandwidth parameter; and the first value of the virtual memory parameter is less than the virtual memory The second value of the parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, perform the over-utilization management action to add one or more memory blocks to the VDU.
範例85包括範例79-81之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該VDU是第一VDU且該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、網路頻寬參數、及虛擬記憶體參數並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;該網路頻寬參數的第一值不小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第一值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值;以及該佇列時間參數的該第一值小於該佇列時間參數的該第二值且該服務時間參數的該第一值大於該服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來實例化第二VDU。 Example 85 includes the one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 79-81, wherein the VDU is the first VDU and the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, Network bandwidth parameters, virtual memory parameters, and when these commands are executed, the local monitor: detects a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the The second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the second value of the service time parameter; the first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; the network frequency The first value of the bandwidth parameter is not less than the second value of the network bandwidth parameter; the first value of the virtual memory parameter is not less than the second value of the virtual memory parameter; and the first value of the queue time parameter Value is less than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, execute the over-utilization management action to Instantiate the second VDU.
範例86包括範例79-81之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數及服務時間參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間 參數的第一值不小於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該佇列時間參數的該第一值小於該佇列時間參數的該第二值且該服務時間參數的該第一值大於該服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 86 includes the one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 79-81, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters and service time parameters, and when executed, the commands also cause the Local monitor: detects the first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the service time The first value of the parameter is not less than the second value of the service time parameter; and the first value of the queue time parameter is less than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is greater than the The second value of the service time parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, perform the over-utilization management action to instantiate additional virtual machines for the VDU.
範例87包括範例79或80的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該本地監視器是用以執行利用不足管理動作,以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 87 includes one or more computer-readable media of Example 79 or 80, where the local monitor is used to perform underutilization management actions to close the VDU, migrate the operation of the VDU to another VDU, and close the VDU , Remove one or more memory blocks from the VDU, remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduce the throughput of the virtual link.
範例88包括範例87的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數及服務時間參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值大於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該佇列時間參數的該第二值小於該佇列時間參數的預定最小閾值且該服務時間參數的該第二值小於該服務時間參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來關閉該VDU。 Example 88 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 87, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters and service time parameters, and when executed, the commands also cause the local monitor to: detect the first A set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and The second value of the queue time parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the queue time parameter and the second value of the service time parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the service time parameter; and detection based on the first set of conditions, Perform the underutilization management action to close the VDU.
範例89包括範例87的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該VDU是第一VDU、該一或多個系統參數是包括第一佇列時間參數及第一服務時間參數的第一系統參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該 第一組條件包括:該第一佇列時間參數的第一值大於該第一佇列時間參數的第二值且該第一服務時間參數的第一值大於該第一服務時間參數的第二值;以及該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值不小於該佇列時間參數的預定最小閾值或該第一服務時間參數的該第二值不小於該服務時間參數的預定最小閾值;依據該第一組條件的檢測,確定第二VDU是否執行與該第一VDU相同的子功能;以及若確定第二VDU正執行與該第一VDU相同的子功能,則獲取該第二VDU的一或多個第二系統參數的一或多個第一值,該一或多個第二系統參數包括第二佇列時間參數及第二服務時間參數。 Example 89 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 87, wherein the VDU is the first VDU, and the one or more system parameters are the first system parameters including the first queue time parameter and the first service time parameter, And when these instructions are executed, they also make the local monitor: detect the first set of conditions, the The first set of conditions includes: the first value of the first queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter and the first value of the first service time parameter is greater than the second value of the first service time parameter Value; and the second value of the first queue time parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the queue time parameter or the second value of the first service time parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the service time parameter; according to The detection of the first set of conditions determines whether the second VDU is performing the same sub-function as the first VDU; and if it is determined that the second VDU is performing the same sub-function as the first VDU, then acquiring a second VDU One or more first values of one or more second system parameters, and the one or more second system parameters include a second queue time parameter and a second service time parameter.
範例90包括範例89的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第二組條件,該第二組條件包括,該第一佇列時間參數的該第一值大於該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值加上該第二佇列時間參數的該第二值且該第一服務時間參數的該第一值大於該第一服務時間參數的該第二值加上該第二服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第二組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來將該第一VDU的操作遷移到該第二VDU並且關閉該第一VDU。 Example 90 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 89, wherein the commands, when executed, also cause the local monitor to: detect a second set of conditions, the second set of conditions including, the first queue time parameter The first value of is greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter plus the second value of the second queue time parameter, and the first value of the first service time parameter is greater than the first service time Add the second value of the second service time parameter to the second value of the parameter; and perform the underutilization management action to migrate the operation of the first VDU to the second VDU according to the detection of the second set of conditions And close the first VDU.
範例91包括範例89的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個第一系統參數包括第一虛擬記憶體參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第二組條件,該第二組條件包括,該第一佇列時間參數該第一值不 大於該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值加上該第二佇列時間參數的該第二值或該第一服務時間參數的該第一值不大於該第一服務時間參數的該第二值加上該第二服務時間參數的該第二值;以及該第一虛擬記憶體參數的第二值小於該第一虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第二組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該第一VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊。 Example 91 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 89, wherein the one or more first system parameters include a first virtual memory parameter, and the commands, when executed, also cause the local monitor to: detect the first Two sets of conditions, the second set of conditions includes: the first queue time parameter and the first value are not Is greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter plus the second value of the second queue time parameter or the first value of the first service time parameter is not greater than the first value of the first service time parameter Two values plus the second value of the second service time parameter; and the second value of the first virtual memory parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the first virtual memory parameter; and the detection according to the second set of conditions Execute the underutilization management action to remove one or more memory blocks from the first VDU.
範例92包括範例87的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、及虛擬記憶體參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括,該佇列時間參數的該第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的該第二值或該服務時間參數的該第一值不大於該服務時間參數的該第二值,以及該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊。 Example 92 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 87, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, and virtual memory parameters, and when executed, the commands also cause the Local monitor: detects a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes that the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not Is greater than the second value of the service time parameter, and the second value of the virtual memory parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the virtual memory parameter; and based on the detection of the first set of conditions, execute the underutilization management action to recover The VDU removes one or more memory blocks.
範例93包括範例87的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、虛擬記憶體參數及計算週期參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括,該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間參數的第一值不大於該服務時間參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及該計算週期參數的第二值小於 該計算週期參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元。 Example 93 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 87, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, virtual memory parameters, and calculation cycle parameters, and when these commands are executed The local monitor is also enabled to detect a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes that the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not Is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; the second value of the virtual memory parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the virtual memory parameter; and the second value of the calculation period parameter is less than The predetermined minimum threshold of the calculation period parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the underutilization management action is performed to remove one or more virtual central processing units from the VDU.
範例94包括範例87的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、虛擬記憶體參數、計算週期參數、及網路頻寬參數,並且該些指令當被執行時還使該本地監視器:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件:包括該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於第一佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間參數的第一值不大於第一服務時間參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;該計算週期參數的第二值不小於該計算週期參數的預定最小閾值;以及該網路頻寬參數的第二值小於該網路頻寬的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 94 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 87, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, virtual memory parameters, calculation period parameters, and network bandwidth parameters, and These instructions, when executed, also cause the local monitor to detect the first set of conditions. The first set of conditions: including the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter or the second value of the first queue time parameter. The first value of the service time parameter is not greater than the second value of the first service time parameter; the second value of the virtual memory parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the virtual memory parameter; the second value of the calculation period parameter is not less than The predetermined minimum threshold of the calculation period parameter; and the second value of the network bandwidth parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the network bandwidth; and based on the detection of the first set of conditions, perform the underutilization management action to reduce virtual The throughput of the link.
範例95包括一種操作本地監視器的方法,包含:確定一或多個系統參數的一或多個第一值,其相應於提供虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的操作;從該VDU接收該一或多個系統參數的一或多個第二值;將該一或多個第二值中的一第二值與該一或多個第一值中的一第一值相比較,該第一及該第二值相應於該一或多個系統參數的第一系統參數;並且依據該第二值與該第一值的比較,執行利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 95 includes a method of operating a local monitor, including: determining one or more first values of one or more system parameters, which correspond to the operation of a virtual data unit VDU that provides a virtualized network function; receiving from the VDU One or more second values of the one or more system parameters; comparing a second value of the one or more second values with a first value of the one or more first values, the The first and the second values correspond to the first system parameter of the one or more system parameters; and according to the comparison of the second value and the first value, an underutilization or overutilization management action is performed.
範例96包括範例95的方法,其中執行該利用不足或 過度利用管理動作包含:發送請求給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM的全域監視器。 Example 96 includes the method of Example 95 in which the underutilized or The over-utilization management action includes: sending a request to the global monitor of the virtual network function manager VNFM.
範例97包括範例95或96的方法,還包含:執行該過度利用管理動作,以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化另一VDU。 Example 97 includes the method of Example 95 or 96, and further includes: performing the over-utilization management action to add a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increase the throughput of the virtual link, and add one or more memory blocks to the VDU. VDU, or instantiate another VDU.
範例98包括範例95-97之任一項的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、及計算週期參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該計算週期參數的第一值小於該計算週期參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU。 Example 98 includes the method of any one of Examples 95-97, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, and calculation period parameters, and the method further includes: detecting a first set of conditions, the The first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the second value of the service time parameter; and the calculation period parameter The first value is smaller than the second value of the calculation period parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the over-utilization management action is executed to add the virtual central processing unit to the VDU.
範例99包括範例95-97之任一項的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、及網路頻寬參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;以及該網路頻寬參數的第一值小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來增加虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 99 includes the method of any one of Examples 95-97, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, and network bandwidth parameters, and the method further includes: detecting The first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the second value of the service time parameter; The first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; and the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is smaller than the second value of the network bandwidth parameter; and the conditions based on the first set of conditions Detect and execute the over-utilization management action to increase the traffic volume of the virtual link.
範例100包括範例95-97之任一項的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、網路頻寬參數、及虛擬記憶體參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;該網路頻寬參數的第一值不小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;以及該虛擬記憶體參數的第一值小於該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU。 Example 100 includes the method of any one of Examples 95-97, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, network bandwidth parameters, and virtual memory parameters, and the The method further includes: detecting a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions including: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is less than the service time parameter The second value of the calculation period parameter; the first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is not less than the second value of the network bandwidth parameter; and the virtual The first value of the memory parameter is smaller than the second value of the virtual memory parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the over-utilization management action is executed to add one or more memory blocks to the VDU.
範例101包括範例95-97之任一項的方法,其中該VDU是第一VDU以及該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、計算週期參數、網路頻寬參數、及虛擬記憶體參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值小於該服務時間參數的第二值;該計算週期參數的第一值不小於該計算週期參數的第二值;該網路頻寬參數的第一值不小於該網路頻寬參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第一值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值、以及該佇列時間參數的該第一值小於該佇列時間參數的該第二值且該服務時間參數的該第一值大於該服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來實例化第二 VDU。 Example 101 includes the method of any one of Examples 95-97, wherein the VDU is the first VDU and the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, calculation period parameters, network bandwidth parameters, and Virtual memory parameters, and the method further includes: detecting a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions including: the first value of the queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the second value of the service time parameter A value is less than the second value of the service time parameter; the first value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the second value of the calculation period parameter; the first value of the network bandwidth parameter is not less than that of the network bandwidth parameter Second value; the first value of the virtual memory parameter is not less than the second value of the virtual memory parameter, and the first value of the queue time parameter is less than the second value of the queue time parameter and the service The first value of the time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the over-utilization management action is executed to instantiate the second VDU.
範例102包括範例95-97之任一項的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數及服務時間參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間參數的第一值不小於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該佇列時間參數的該第一值小於該佇列時間參數的該第二值且該服務時間參數的該第一值大於該服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該過度利用管理動作來實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 102 includes the method of any one of Examples 95-97, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters and service time parameters, and the method further includes: detecting a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions including : The first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not less than the second value of the service time parameter; and the first value of the queue time parameter A value is less than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and the over-utilization management action is executed according to the detection of the first set of conditions To instantiate additional virtual machines for the VDU.
範例103包括範例95或96的方法,其中該方法包含執行該利用不足管理動作,以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 103 includes the method of Example 95 or 96, wherein the method includes performing the underutilization management action to shut down the VDU, migrating the operation of the VDU to another VDU and shutting down the VDU, and removing one or more from the VDU Memory block, remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduce the throughput of the virtual link.
範例104包括範例95的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數及服務時間參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值大於該佇列時間參數的第二值且該服務時間參數的第一值大於該服務時間參數的第二值;以及該佇列時間參數的該第二值小於該佇列時間參數的預定最小閾值且該服務時間參數的該第二值小於該服務時間參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來關閉該VDU。 Example 104 includes the method of Example 95, wherein the one or more system parameters include a queue time parameter and a service time parameter, and the method further includes: detecting a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions including: the queue time parameter The first value of is greater than the second value of the queue time parameter and the first value of the service time parameter is greater than the second value of the service time parameter; and the second value of the queue time parameter is less than the queue time parameter And the second value of the service time parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the service time parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, execute the underutilization management action to close the VDU.
範例105包括範例95的方法,其中該VDU是第一VDU,該一或多個系統參數是包括第一佇列時間參數及第一服務時間參數的第一系統參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該第一佇列時間參數的第一值大於該第一佇列時間參數的第二值且該第一服務時間參數的第一值大於該第一服務時間參數的第二值;以及該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值不小於該佇列時間參數的預定最小閾值或該第一服務時間參數的該第二值不小於該服務時間參數的預定最小閾值;依據該第一組條件的檢測,確定第二VDU是否執行與該第一VDU相同的子功能;以及若確定第二VDU正在執行與該第一VDU相同的子功能,則獲取該第二VDU的一或多個第二系統參數的一或多個第一值,該一或多個第二系統參數包括第二佇列時間參數及第二服務時間參數。 Example 105 includes the method of Example 95, wherein the VDU is the first VDU, the one or more system parameters are first system parameters including a first queue time parameter and a first service time parameter, and the method further includes: detecting The first set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the first queue time parameter is greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter and the first value of the first service time parameter is greater than the first value The second value of the service time parameter; and the second value of the first queue time parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the queue time parameter or the second value of the first service time parameter is not less than the service time parameter According to the detection of the first set of conditions, determine whether the second VDU performs the same sub-function as the first VDU; and if it is determined that the second VDU is performing the same sub-function as the first VDU, obtain One or more first values of one or more second system parameters of the second VDU, and the one or more second system parameters include a second queue time parameter and a second service time parameter.
範例106包括範例97的方法,其中該方法還包含:檢測第二組條件,該第二組條件包括,該第一佇列時間參數的該第一值大於該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值加上該第二佇列時間參數的該第二值且該第一服務時間參數的該第一值大於該第一服務時間參數的該第二值加上該第二服務時間參數的該第二值;以及依據該第二組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來將該第一VDU的操作遷移到該第二VDU並且關閉該第一VDU。 Example 106 includes the method of Example 97, wherein the method further includes: detecting a second set of conditions, the second set of conditions including, the first value of the first queue time parameter is greater than the first value of the first queue time parameter Two values plus the second value of the second queue time parameter and the first value of the first service time parameter is greater than the second value of the first service time parameter plus the second value of the second service time parameter A second value; and based on the detection of the second set of conditions, perform the underutilization management action to migrate the operation of the first VDU to the second VDU and close the first VDU.
範例107包括範例97的方法,其中該一或多個第一系統參數包括第一虛擬記憶體參數,並且該方法還包含:檢 測第二組條件,該第二組條件包括:該第一佇列時間參數的該第一值不大於該第一佇列時間參數的該第二值加上該第二佇列時間參數的該第二值或該第一服務時間參數的該第一值不大於該第一服務時間參數的該第二值加上該第二服務時間參數的該第二值;以及該第一虛擬記憶體參數的第二值小於該第一虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第二組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該第一VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊。 Example 107 includes the method of example 97, wherein the one or more first system parameters include first virtual memory parameters, and the method further includes: checking Test a second set of conditions, the second set of conditions includes: the first value of the first queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the first queue time parameter plus the second queue time parameter The second value or the first value of the first service time parameter is not greater than the second value of the first service time parameter plus the second value of the second service time parameter; and the first virtual memory parameter The second value of is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the first virtual memory parameter; and the underutilization management action is executed to remove one or more memory blocks from the first VDU according to the detection of the second set of conditions.
範例108包括範例95的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、及虛擬記憶體參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括該佇列時間參數的該第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的該第二值或該服務時間參數的該第一值不大於該服務時間參數的該第二值,以及該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊。 Example 108 includes the method of Example 95, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, and virtual memory parameters, and the method further includes: detecting a first set of conditions, the first set of conditions including The first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not greater than the second value of the service time parameter, and the virtual memory parameter The second value of is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the virtual memory parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the underutilization management action is executed to remove one or more memory blocks from the VDU.
範例109包括範例95的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、虛擬記憶體參數及計算週期參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該服務時間參數的第一值不大於該服務時間參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;以及該計算週期參數 的第二值小於該計算週期參數的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元。 Example 109 includes the method of Example 95, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, virtual memory parameters, and calculation cycle parameters, and the method further includes: detecting a first set of conditions, the first The group condition includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the service time parameter is not greater than the second value of the service time parameter; the value of the virtual memory parameter The second value is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the virtual memory parameter; and the calculation period parameter The second value of is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the calculation period parameter; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the underutilization management action is executed to remove one or more virtual central processing units from the VDU.
範例110包括範例95的方法,其中該一或多個系統參數包括佇列時間參數、服務時間參數、虛擬記憶體參數、計算週期參數、及網路頻寬參數,並且該方法還包含:檢測第一組條件,該第一組條件包括:該佇列時間參數的第一值不大於該佇列時間參數的第二值或該第一服務時間參數的第一值不大於該第一服務時間參數的第二值;該虛擬記憶體參數的第二值不小於該虛擬記憶體參數的預定最小閾值;該計算週期參數的第二值不小於該計算週期參數的預定最小閾值;以及該網路頻寬參數的第二值小於該網路頻寬的預定最小閾值;以及依據該第一組條件的檢測,執行該利用不足管理動作來降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 110 includes the method of Example 95, wherein the one or more system parameters include queue time parameters, service time parameters, virtual memory parameters, calculation period parameters, and network bandwidth parameters, and the method further includes: detecting the first A set of conditions, the first set of conditions includes: the first value of the queue time parameter is not greater than the second value of the queue time parameter or the first value of the first service time parameter is not greater than the first service time parameter The second value of the virtual memory parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the virtual memory parameter; the second value of the calculation period parameter is not less than the predetermined minimum threshold value of the calculation period parameter; and the network frequency The second value of the bandwidth parameter is less than the predetermined minimum threshold of the network bandwidth; and according to the detection of the first set of conditions, the underutilization management action is executed to reduce the circulation of the virtual link.
範例111包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,當由一或多個處理器執行該些指令時,使虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM:從網路管理器接收報告,該報告包括屬於網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量;以及向網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO發送關於提供網路服務的虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的管理動作的請求。 Example 111 includes one or more computer-readable media with instructions. When the instructions are executed by one or more processors, the virtual network function manager VNFM: receives a report from the network manager, and the report includes The performance measurement of the physical network function PNF of the network service; and the request for the management action of the virtual data unit VDU of the virtual network function that provides the network service is sent to the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO.
範例112包括範例111的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作是利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 112 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 111, wherein the management action is an under-utilization or an over-utilization management action.
範例113包括範例111或112的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作是過度利用管理動作,用以將虛擬中 央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 113 includes one or more computer-readable media of Example 111 or 112, wherein the management action is an over-utilization management action for virtualizing The central processing unit is added to the VDU, the throughput of the virtual link is increased, one or more memory blocks are added to the VDU, or an additional virtual machine is instantiated for the VDU.
範例114包括範例111或112的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作的請求是利用不足管理動作,用以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 114 includes one or more computer-readable media of Example 111 or 112, wherein the request for the management action is an underutilization management action for closing the VDU, migrating the operation of the VDU to another VDU and closing the VDU, Remove one or more memory blocks from the VDU, remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduce the throughput of the virtual link.
範例115包括範例111-114之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該VNFM是透過VeEn-Vnfm介面接收該報告。 Example 115 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 111-114, wherein the VNFM receives the report through the VeEn-Vnfm interface.
範例116包括範例111-115之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該效能測量包括移動性管理測量、通用封包無線電服務隧道協定GTP測量、網際網路協定IP管理測量、無線電存取技術間交遞測量、服務品質測量、安全測量、會話管理測量、或用戶管理測量。 Example 116 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 111-115, wherein the performance measurement includes mobility management measurement, general packet radio service tunneling protocol GTP measurement, Internet protocol IP management measurement, radio storage Take technology handover measurement, service quality measurement, security measurement, session management measurement, or user management measurement.
範例117包括範例111-116之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該報告包括對應於網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於PNF的PNF識別符、以及對應於效能測量的一或多個值。 Example 117 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 111-116, wherein the report includes a network service identifier corresponding to a network service, a PNF identifier corresponding to a PNF, and a corresponding performance measurement One or more values of.
範例118包括一種信號結構,包含:網路服務NS欄位,用於對應於網路服務的NS識別符;實體網路功能PNF欄位,用於對應於PNF的PNF識別符;以及一或多個測量 欄位,用於與該PNF相關聯的效能測量的一或多個值。 Example 118 includes a signal structure, including: a network service NS field, used to correspond to the NS identifier of the network service; a physical network function PNF field, used to correspond to the PNF identifier of the PNF; and one or more Measurements A field for one or more values of the performance measurement associated with the PNF.
範例119包括範例118的信號結構,其中該信號結構符合VeEn-Vnfm或Os-Nfvo參考點的協定。 Example 119 includes the signal structure of Example 118, where the signal structure complies with the VeEn-Vnfm or Os-Nfvo reference point agreement.
範例120包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,該些指令當被執行時,使元件管理器:接收與實體網路功能PNF相關的效能測量的指標;依據該指標更新計數器;檢測預定的報告事件的發生;以及依據該檢測到的發生,依據該指標將報告發送給虛擬網路功能管理器。 Example 120 includes one or more computer-readable media with instructions that, when executed, cause the component manager to: receive a performance measurement index related to the physical network function PNF; update the counter according to the index; check the reservation Report the occurrence of the event; and according to the detected occurrence, the report is sent to the virtual network function manager according to the indicator.
範例121包括範例120的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該些指令當被執行時還使該元件管理器:依據該指標,確定系統參數的第一值;將該系統參數的該第一值與預定閾值比較;以及依據該系統參數的該第一值與該預定閾值的比較來檢測該預定的報告事件的發生。 Example 121 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 120, wherein the commands, when executed, also cause the component manager to: determine the first value of the system parameter according to the index; Comparing the value with a predetermined threshold; and detecting the occurrence of the predetermined report event based on the comparison of the first value of the system parameter with the predetermined threshold.
範例122包括範例120或121的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該預定的報告事件是定期的報告事件。 Example 122 includes one or more computer-readable media of example 120 or 121, wherein the predetermined report event is a periodic report event.
範例123包括範例120-122之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該元件管理器係用以從網路元件接收該指標。 Example 123 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 120-122, wherein the component manager is used to receive the indicator from a network component.
範例124包括範例120-123之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該報告包括對應於網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於PNF的PNF識別符、以及對應於該效能測量之該指標的值。 Example 124 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 120-123, wherein the report includes the network service identifier corresponding to the network service, the PNF identifier corresponding to the PNF, and the performance corresponding to the The measured value of the indicator.
範例125包括一種元件管理器,包含:介面電路,用以將該元件管理器通訊耦合到用以執行網路服務的實體網 路功能PNF的網路元件,以及通訊耦合到虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM;以及與該介面電路耦合的控制電路,該控制電路用以:透過該介面電路接收與該PNF相關的效能測量的指標;依據該指標更新計數器;檢測預定的報告事件的發生;依據該檢測到的發生透過該介面電路,依據該指標將報告發送給虛擬網路功能管理器。 Example 125 includes a component manager, including: an interface circuit for communicatively coupling the component manager to a physical network for executing network services The network components of the PNF of the circuit function, and are communicatively coupled to the virtual network function manager VNFM; and the control circuit coupled with the interface circuit, the control circuit is used to: receive the performance measurement index related to the PNF through the interface circuit ; Update the counter according to the index; detect the occurrence of a predetermined report event; send the report to the virtual network function manager according to the index through the interface circuit according to the detected occurrence.
範例126包括範例125的元件管理器,其中該控制電路還用以:依據該指標,確定系統參數的第一值;將該系統參數的該第一值與預定閾值比較;以及依據該系統參數的該第一值與該預定閾值的比較來檢測該預定的報告事件的發生。 Example 126 includes the component manager of Example 125, wherein the control circuit is further used to: determine a first value of a system parameter according to the index; compare the first value of the system parameter with a predetermined threshold; The first value is compared with the predetermined threshold to detect the occurrence of the predetermined report event.
範例127包括範例125或126的元件管理器,其中該預定的報告事件是定期的報告事件。 Example 127 includes the component manager of example 125 or 126, wherein the predetermined report event is a periodic report event.
範例128包括範例125-127之任一項的元件管理器,其中該控制電路係用以從該網路元件接收該指標。 Example 128 includes the component manager of any one of Examples 125-127, wherein the control circuit is used to receive the indicator from the network component.
範例129包括範例125-128之任一項的元件管理器,其中該報告包括對應於該網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於該PNF的PNF識別符、以及對應於該效能測量的該指標的值。 Example 129 includes the component manager of any one of Examples 125-128, wherein the report includes the network service identifier corresponding to the network service, the PNF identifier corresponding to the PNF, and the performance measurement corresponding to the The value of the indicator.
範例130包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,當由一或多個處理器執行該些指令時,使網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO:從網路管理器接收報告,該報告包括網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量;執行關於提供網路服務的虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的管理動作。 Example 130 includes one or more computer-readable media with instructions. When the instructions are executed by one or more processors, the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO: receives a report from the network manager, and the report includes The performance measurement of the physical network function PNF of the network service; the management action of the virtual data unit VDU of the virtual network function of the network service is performed.
範例131包括範例130的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作是利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 131 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 130, wherein the management action is an under-utilization or over-utilization management action.
範例132包括範例130或131的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作是過度利用管理動作,用以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 132 includes one or more computer-readable media of example 130 or 131, wherein the management action is an over-utilization management action for adding a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increasing the circulation of a virtual link, or changing one or Multiple memory blocks are added to the VDU, or additional virtual machines are instantiated for the VDU.
範例133包括範例130或131的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作是利用不足管理動作,用以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 133 includes one or more computer-readable media of example 130 or 131, wherein the management action is an underutilization management action for closing the VDU, migrating the operation of the VDU to another VDU, and closing the VDU, from the The VDU removes one or more memory blocks, removes one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs from the VDU, or reduces the throughput of the virtual link.
範例134包括範例130-133之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀媒體,其中該NFVO是透過Os-Nfvo介面接收該報告。 Example 134 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 130-133, wherein the NFVO receives the report through the Os-Nfvo interface.
範例135包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,當由一或多個處理器執行該些指令時,使網路管理器:處理與網路服務的實體網路功能PNF相關的效能測量的指標,該指標是從元件管理器接收的;依據該指標更新計數器;檢測預定的報告事件的發生;以及依據該檢測到的發生,依據該指標將報告發送給網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO。 Example 135 includes one or more computer-readable media with instructions. When the instructions are executed by one or more processors, the network manager: handles the performance measurement related to the physical network function PNF of the network service The indicator is received from the component manager; the counter is updated based on the indicator; the occurrence of a predetermined report event is detected; and based on the detected occurrence, the report is sent to the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO based on the indicator .
範例136包括範例135的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中透過該網路管理器和該元件管理器之間的Itf-N介面接收該指標。 Example 136 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 135, wherein the indicator is received through the Itf-N interface between the network manager and the component manager.
範例137包括範例135或136的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該網路管理器係用以透過該網路管理器和該NFVO之間的Os-Nfvo介面發送該報告。 Example 137 includes one or more computer-readable media of Example 135 or 136, wherein the network manager is used to send the report through the Os-Nfvo interface between the network manager and the NFVO.
範例138包括範例135-137之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該些指令當被執行時還使該網路管理器:依據該指標,確定系統參數的第一值;將該系統參數的該第一值與預定閾值比較;以及依據該系統參數的該第一值與該預定閾值的比較來檢測該預定的報告事件的發生。 Example 138 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 135-137, wherein the commands, when executed, also cause the network manager to: determine the first value of the system parameter according to the index; The first value of the system parameter is compared with a predetermined threshold; and the occurrence of the predetermined report event is detected based on the comparison of the first value of the system parameter with the predetermined threshold.
範例139包括範例135-137之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該預定的報告事件是定期的報告事件。 Example 139 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 135-137, wherein the predetermined report event is a periodic report event.
範例140包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,當執行該些指令時,使網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO:從營運支援系統或業務支援系統OSS/BSS的裝置接收報告,該報告包括屬於網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量;以及執行關於提供網路服務的虛擬化網路功能的虛擬資料單元VDU的管理動作。 The example 140 includes one or more computer-readable media with instructions. When the instructions are executed, the network function virtualized scheduler NFVO: receives a report from the device of the operation support system or the business support system OSS/BSS, the report Including the performance measurement of the physical network function PNF belonging to the network service; and the management of the virtual data unit VDU of the virtual network function that provides the network service.
範例141包括範例140的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作是利用不足或過度利用管理動作。 Example 141 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 140, wherein the management action is an under-utilization or over-utilization management action.
範例142包括範例140或141的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該管理動作是過度利用管理動作,用以將虛擬中央處理單元添加到該VDU、增加虛擬鏈路的流通量、將一或多個記憶體塊添加到該VDU、或實例化額外的虛擬機器用於該VDU。 Example 142 includes one or more computer-readable media of example 140 or 141, wherein the management action is an over-utilization management action for adding a virtual central processing unit to the VDU, increasing the throughput of a virtual link, and changing one or Multiple memory blocks are added to the VDU, or additional virtual machines are instantiated for the VDU.
範例143包括範例140或141的一或多種電腦可讀取媒 體,其中該管理動作是利用不足管理動作,用以關閉該VDU、將該VDU的操作遷移到另一VDU並關閉該VDU、從該VDU移除一或多個記憶體塊、從該VDU移除一或多個虛擬中央處理單元vCPU、或降低虛擬鏈路的流通量。 Example 143 includes one or more computer-readable media of Example 140 or 141 The management action is an underutilization management action for closing the VDU, migrating the operation of the VDU to another VDU and closing the VDU, removing one or more memory blocks from the VDU, and moving from the VDU Remove one or more virtual central processing unit vCPUs, or reduce the throughput of virtual links.
範例144包括範例140或141之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中所述執行該管理動作,該NFVO係用以:將動作請求發送給虛擬網路功能管理器VNFM。 Example 144 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 140 or 141, wherein the NFVO is used to send the action request to the virtual network function manager VNFM when the management action is executed.
範例145包括一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,具有指令,當由一或多個處理器執行該些指令時,使營運支援系統OSS或業務支援系統BSS的裝置:從網路管理器NM接收訊息,該訊息包括屬於網路服務之實體網路功能PNF的效能測量的指標;以及依據檢測到的發生,依據該指標將報告發送給網路功能虛擬化調度器NFVO。 Example 145 includes one or more computer-readable media with instructions. When the instructions are executed by one or more processors, the operation support system OSS or the business support system BSS device: receive messages from the network manager NM The message includes the performance measurement index of the physical network function PNF belonging to the network service; and according to the detected occurrence, the report is sent to the network function virtualization scheduler NFVO based on the index.
範例146包括範例145的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該些指令當被執行時還使該OSS/BSS:依據該指標,確定系統參數的第一值;將該系統參數的該第一值與預定閾值比較;以及依據該系統參數的該第一值與該預定閾值的比較,識別該檢測到的發生。 Example 146 includes the one or more computer-readable media of Example 145, wherein the instructions, when executed, also cause the OSS/BSS to: determine the first value of the system parameter according to the index; The value is compared with a predetermined threshold; and the detected occurrence is identified based on the comparison of the first value of the system parameter with the predetermined threshold.
範例147包括範例145或146的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該檢測到的發生是定期的報告事件。 Example 147 includes one or more computer readable media of example 145 or 146, wherein the detected occurrence is a periodic report event.
範例148包括範例145-147之任一項的一或多種電腦可讀取媒體,其中該報告包括對應於該網路服務的網路服務識別符、對應於該PNF的PNF識別符、以及對應於該效能測量的該指標的值。本文所示實施方案的描述,包括摘要 中所述內容,並不旨在窮舉或將本揭示限制在所公開的精準形式。雖然為了說明的目的在本文中描述特定實施方案及範例,但可依據上面詳細的描述來對各種替代或等同的實施例或實施方案進行計算以達成相同的目的而不脫離本揭示的範圍,如熟習本領域之技術人士所能理解的。 Example 148 includes one or more computer-readable media of any one of Examples 145-147, wherein the report includes the network service identifier corresponding to the network service, the PNF identifier corresponding to the PNF, and the PNF identifier corresponding to The value of the indicator for the performance measurement. Description of the implementation shown in this article, including abstract The content described in is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit this disclosure to the precise form disclosed. Although specific implementations and examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, various alternative or equivalent examples or implementations can be calculated based on the above detailed description to achieve the same purpose without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, such as Those skilled in the art can understand.
100‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化(NFV)架構 100‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Architecture
104‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化-管理與協調(NFV-MANO)系統 104‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization-Management and Coordination (NFV-MANO) System
108‧‧‧核心網路(CN)服務系統 108‧‧‧Core Network (CN) Service System
112‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化調度器(NFVO) 112‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization Scheduler (NFVO)
116‧‧‧虛擬網路功能管理器(VNFM) 116‧‧‧Virtual Network Function Manager (VNFM)
118‧‧‧全域監視器 118‧‧‧Global Monitor
120‧‧‧虛擬化基礎建設管理器(VIM) 120‧‧‧Virtualization Infrastructure Manager (VIM)
122‧‧‧網路服務(NS)目錄 122‧‧‧Network Service (NS) Directory
124‧‧‧虛擬網路功能(VNF)目錄 124‧‧‧Virtual Network Function (VNF) Directory
128‧‧‧網路功能虛擬化(NFV)實例儲存庫 128‧‧‧Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Instance Repository
132‧‧‧NFV基礎建設(NFVI)儲存庫 132‧‧‧NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) Repository
136‧‧‧營運支援系統/業務支援系統(OSS/BSS) 136‧‧‧Operation Support System/Business Support System (OSS/BSS)
140‧‧‧元件管理器(EM) 140‧‧‧Component Manager (EM)
144‧‧‧虛擬網路功能(VNF) 144‧‧‧Virtual Network Function (VNF)
148‧‧‧NFV基礎建設(NFVI) 148‧‧‧NFV Infrastructure (NFVI)
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CN109074280B (en) | 2023-11-17 |
TW201810991A (en) | 2018-03-16 |
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