TWI721818B - Dc-dc conversion system and control method of dc-dc conversion system - Google Patents
Dc-dc conversion system and control method of dc-dc conversion system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
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Abstract
Description
本揭示內容是關於一種電路及一種控制方法,且特別是關於一種直流轉換系統及直流轉換系統控制方法。The present disclosure relates to a circuit and a control method, and more particularly to a DC conversion system and a DC conversion system control method.
在直流轉換系統中,若要確保直流轉換系統能穩定工作,必須使得各個電源轉換模組在串聯處的電壓均衡,而並聯處的電流均衡。In a DC conversion system, to ensure that the DC conversion system can work stably, it is necessary to balance the voltages of the power conversion modules in series and the currents in parallel.
若不均壓的現象產生,將會影響元件的選用以及熱設計,且易降低系統性能以及運作上的可靠性,因此如何確保均壓是本領域的重要課題之一。If uneven pressure occurs, it will affect the selection of components and thermal design, and easily reduce system performance and operational reliability. Therefore, how to ensure pressure equalization is one of the important issues in this field.
本揭示內容的一態樣係關於一種直流轉換系統,包含複數個電源轉換模組、輸出感測器、複數個輸入電壓感測器和控制器。電源轉換模組中任一者包括至少一轉換單元。轉換單元包含第一側和第二側。轉換單元的第一側相互串聯連接、第二側相互並聯連接。輸出感測器用以量測直流轉換系統的輸出訊號。複數個輸入電壓感測器用以分別量測轉換單元的第一側的複數個輸入電壓訊號。控制器耦接至轉換單元、輸入電壓感測器和輸出感測器,用以:接收輸出訊號和輸入電壓訊號;根據輸出訊號和輸出參考訊號產生第一控制訊號;根據輸入電壓訊號產生複數個輸入參考電壓訊號;根據輸入電壓訊號以及輸入參考電壓訊號進行均壓控制以產生複數個第二控制訊號;以及根據第一控制訊號和第二控制訊號相應一者輸出相應的調制訊號以控制轉換單元相應一者的複數個開關進行作動。One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a DC conversion system, which includes a plurality of power conversion modules, an output sensor, a plurality of input voltage sensors, and a controller. Any one of the power conversion modules includes at least one conversion unit. The conversion unit includes a first side and a second side. The first sides of the conversion units are connected in series with each other, and the second sides are connected in parallel with each other. The output sensor is used to measure the output signal of the DC conversion system. The plurality of input voltage sensors are used to measure the plurality of input voltage signals on the first side of the conversion unit, respectively. The controller is coupled to the conversion unit, the input voltage sensor and the output sensor to: receive the output signal and the input voltage signal; generate the first control signal according to the output signal and the output reference signal; generate a plurality of control signals according to the input voltage signal Input a reference voltage signal; perform voltage equalization control according to the input voltage signal and the input reference voltage signal to generate a plurality of second control signals; and output a corresponding modulation signal according to one of the first control signal and the second control signal to control the conversion unit The plural switches corresponding to one are actuated.
在部分實施例中,該輸出訊號為一輸出電流訊號、一輸出電壓訊號或一輸出功率訊號。In some embodiments, the output signal is an output current signal, an output voltage signal, or an output power signal.
在部分實施例中,該些輸入參考電壓訊號的電壓準位相異。In some embodiments, the voltage levels of the input reference voltage signals are different.
在部分實施例中,該控制器包含一主控制器和複數個本地控制器,該主控制器耦接至該輸出感測器和該些本地控制器,用以接收該輸出訊號和該些輸入電壓訊號,並且根據該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號產生該第一控制訊號,以及根據該些輸入電壓訊號產生該些輸入參考電壓訊號,該些本地控制器各自耦接至該些電源轉換模組相應一者、該主控制器以及該些輸入電壓感測器相應一者,該些本地控制器各自用以:接收該第一控制訊號;接收相應的該輸入電壓訊號和相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號,並根據相應的該輸入電壓訊號和相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號進行均壓控制以產生相應的該第二控制訊號;以及根據該第一控制訊號和相應的該第二控制訊號以輸出相應的該調制訊號以控制相應的該轉換單元的該些開關進行作動。In some embodiments, the controller includes a main controller and a plurality of local controllers, and the main controller is coupled to the output sensor and the local controllers for receiving the output signal and the inputs Voltage signal, and generate the first control signal according to the output signal and the output reference signal, and generate the input reference voltage signals according to the input voltage signals, the local controllers are respectively coupled to the power conversion modules The corresponding one, the main controller and the corresponding one of the input voltage sensors, each of the local controllers is used to: receive the first control signal; receive the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage Signal, and perform voltage equalization control according to the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal to generate the corresponding second control signal; and output the corresponding corresponding second control signal according to the first control signal and the corresponding second control signal The modulated signal is used to control the corresponding switches of the conversion unit to actuate.
在部分實施例中,該主控制器包含一誤差單元和一穩壓控制單元,該誤差單元接收該輸出訊號,並將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得一輸出誤差值,該穩壓控制單元接收並根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號。In some embodiments, the main controller includes an error unit and a voltage stabilization control unit. The error unit receives the output signal and subtracts the output signal from the output reference signal to obtain an output error value. The voltage control unit receives and generates the first control signal according to the output error value.
在部分實施例中,該控制器包含一主控制器和複數個本地控制器,該主控制器耦接至該輸出感測器和該些本地控制器,用以接收該輸出訊號和該些輸入電壓訊號,並且根據該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號產生一輸出誤差值,以及根據該些輸入電壓訊號產生該些輸入參考電壓訊號,該些本地控制器各自耦接至該些電源轉換模組相應一者、該主控制器以及該些輸入電壓感測器相應一者,該些本地控制器各自用以:接收該第一控制訊號;接收相應的該輸入電壓訊號和相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號,並根據相應的該輸入電壓訊號和相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號進行均壓控制以產生相應的該第二控制訊號;以及根據該第一控制訊號和相應的該第二控制訊號以輸出相應的該調制訊號以控制相應的該轉換單元的該些開關進行作動。In some embodiments, the controller includes a main controller and a plurality of local controllers, and the main controller is coupled to the output sensor and the local controllers for receiving the output signal and the inputs Voltage signal, and generate an output error value according to the output signal and the output reference signal, and generate the input reference voltage signals according to the input voltage signals, and the local controllers are each coupled to the power conversion modules. One, the main controller and the corresponding one of the input voltage sensors, each of the local controllers is used to: receive the first control signal; receive the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal , And perform voltage equalization control according to the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal to generate the corresponding second control signal; and according to the first control signal and the corresponding second control signal to output the corresponding The modulation signal controls the corresponding switches of the conversion unit to actuate.
在部分實施例中,該主控制器包含一誤差單元,該些本地控制器各自包含一穩壓控制單元,該誤差單元接收該輸出訊號,將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得該輸出誤差值,並將該輸出誤差值輸出至該些穩壓控制單元,該些穩壓控制單元各自接收並根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號。In some embodiments, the main controller includes an error unit, and each of the local controllers includes a voltage stabilization control unit. The error unit receives the output signal and subtracts the output signal from the output reference signal to obtain the The error value is output, and the output error value is output to the voltage stabilization control units, and the voltage stabilization control units respectively receive and generate the first control signal according to the output error value.
在部分實施例中,該控制器包含複數個本地控制器,該些本地控制器各自耦接至該些電源轉換模組相應一者、該些電源轉換模組相應一者所對應的該輸入電壓感測器以及該輸出感測器,該些本地控制器各自用以接收該輸出訊號和相應的該輸入電壓訊號,其中,該些本地控制器之一者,還用以接收該些本地控制器之其他者輸出的該些輸入電壓訊號,並且根據該些輸入電壓訊號產生該些輸入參考電壓訊號以及根據該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號產生該第一控制訊號,該些本地控制器各自用以根據相應的該輸入電壓訊號以及相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號進行均壓控制以產生相應的該第二控制訊號,以及根據該第一控制訊號和相應的該第二控制訊號以輸出相應的該調制訊號以控制相應的該轉換單元的該些開關進行作動。In some embodiments, the controller includes a plurality of local controllers, each of the local controllers is coupled to a corresponding one of the power conversion modules, and the input voltage corresponding to a corresponding one of the power conversion modules The sensor and the output sensor, each of the local controllers is used to receive the output signal and the corresponding input voltage signal, wherein one of the local controllers is also used to receive the local controllers The input voltage signals output by the others, and the input reference voltage signals are generated according to the input voltage signals, and the first control signal is generated according to the output signal and the output reference signal, and the local controllers are each used for Perform voltage equalization control according to the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal to generate the corresponding second control signal, and output the corresponding modulation according to the first control signal and the corresponding second control signal The signal is used to control the corresponding switches of the conversion unit to actuate.
在部分實施例中,該些本地控制器之該者包含一誤差單元和一穩壓控制單元,該誤差單元接收該輸出訊號,並將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得一輸出誤差值,該穩壓控制單元接收並根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號。In some embodiments, the one of the local controllers includes an error unit and a voltage stabilization control unit. The error unit receives the output signal and subtracts the output signal from the output reference signal to obtain an output error Value, the voltage stabilization control unit receives and generates the first control signal according to the output error value.
在部分實施例中,該控制器包含複數個本地控制器,該些本地控制器各自耦接至該些電源轉換模組相應一者、該些電源轉換模組相應一者所對應的該輸入電壓感測器以及該輸出感測器,該些本地控制器各自用以接收該輸出訊號和相應的該輸入電壓訊號,其中,該些本地控制器之一者,還用以接收該些本地控制器之其他者輸出的該些輸入電壓訊號,並且根據該些輸入電壓訊號產生該些輸入參考電壓訊號以及根據該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號產生一輸出誤差值,該些本地控制器各自用以根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號,該些本地控制器各自根據相應的該輸入電壓訊號以及相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號進行均壓控制以產生相應的該第二控制訊號,以及根據該第一控制訊號和相應的該第二控制訊號以輸出相應的該調制訊號以控制相應的該轉換單元的該些開關進行作動。In some embodiments, the controller includes a plurality of local controllers, each of the local controllers is coupled to a corresponding one of the power conversion modules, and the input voltage corresponding to a corresponding one of the power conversion modules The sensor and the output sensor, each of the local controllers is used to receive the output signal and the corresponding input voltage signal, wherein one of the local controllers is also used to receive the local controllers The input voltage signals output by others, the input reference voltage signals are generated according to the input voltage signals, and an output error value is generated according to the output signal and the output reference signal, and the local controllers are each used according to The output error value generates the first control signal, each of the local controllers performs voltage equalization control according to the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal to generate the corresponding second control signal, and according to the first control signal A control signal and the corresponding second control signal are used to output the corresponding modulation signal to control the corresponding switches of the conversion unit to act.
在部分實施例中,該些本地控制器之該者包含一誤差單元,以及該些本地控制器各自包含一穩壓控制單元,該誤差單元接收該輸出訊號,將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得該輸出誤差值,並將該輸出誤差值分別輸出至相應的該些穩壓控制單元,該些穩壓控制單元各自接收並根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號。In some embodiments, the one of the local controllers includes an error unit, and each of the local controllers includes a voltage stabilization control unit. The error unit receives the output signal, and the output signal and the output reference signal The output error value is subtracted to obtain the output error value, and the output error value is respectively output to the corresponding voltage stabilization control units, and the voltage stabilization control units respectively receive and generate the first control signal according to the output error value.
在部分實施例中,該控制器包含複數個本地控制器,該些本地控制器各自耦接至該些電源轉換模組相應一者、該些電源轉換模組相應一者所對應的該輸入電壓感測器以及該輸出感測器,該些本地控制器各自用以接收該輸出訊號和相應的該輸入電壓訊號,該些本地控制器各自包含一誤差單元和一穩壓控制單元,該誤差單元接收該輸出訊號,將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得一輸出誤差值,並將該輸出誤差值分別輸出至相應的該些穩壓控制單元,該些穩壓控制單元各自接收並根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號;其中,該些本地控制器之一者,還用以接收該些本地控制器之其他者輸出的該些輸入電壓訊號,並且根據該些輸入電壓訊號產生該些輸入參考電壓訊號,該些本地控制器各自根據相應的該輸入電壓訊號以及相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號進行均壓控制以產生相應的該第二控制訊號,以及根據該第一控制訊號和相應的該第二控制訊號以輸出相應的該調制訊號以控制相應的該轉換單元的該些開關進行作動。In some embodiments, the controller includes a plurality of local controllers, each of the local controllers is coupled to a corresponding one of the power conversion modules, and the input voltage corresponding to a corresponding one of the power conversion modules The sensor and the output sensor, each of the local controllers is used to receive the output signal and the corresponding input voltage signal, each of the local controllers includes an error unit and a voltage stabilization control unit, the error unit Receive the output signal, subtract the output signal and the output reference signal to obtain an output error value, and output the output error value to the corresponding voltage stabilization control units, and the voltage stabilization control units respectively receive and combine The first control signal is generated according to the output error value; wherein, one of the local controllers is also used to receive the input voltage signals output by the other of the local controllers, and according to the input voltage signals Generate the input reference voltage signals, the local controllers each perform voltage equalization control according to the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal to generate the corresponding second control signal, and according to the first control signal And the corresponding second control signal to output the corresponding modulation signal to control the corresponding switches of the conversion unit to act.
在部分實施例中,該至少一轉換單元各自相應包含一直流轉換模組,該直流轉換模組包含一全橋逆變電路、一諧振電路、一變壓器和一整流電路,其中,該諧振電路耦接於該全橋逆變電路的一交流側與該變壓器的一原邊繞組之間,該變壓器的一副邊繞組連接該整流電路的一輸入側,該全橋逆變電路的一直流側為該直流轉換模組的一第一側,該整流電路的一輸出側為該直流轉換模組的一第二側。In some embodiments, each of the at least one conversion unit includes a DC conversion module, and the DC conversion module includes a full-bridge inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, a transformer, and a rectifier circuit, wherein the resonant circuit is coupled Connected between an AC side of the full-bridge inverter circuit and a primary winding of the transformer, a secondary winding of the transformer is connected to an input side of the rectifier circuit, and the DC side of the full-bridge inverter circuit is A first side of the DC conversion module and an output side of the rectifier circuit are a second side of the DC conversion module.
在部分實施例中,該些電源轉換模組中的任一者包含一第一側以及一第二側,該些電源轉換模組的該些第一側相互串聯連接,該些電源轉換模組的該些第二側相互串聯連接。In some embodiments, any one of the power conversion modules includes a first side and a second side, the first sides of the power conversion modules are connected in series with each other, and the power conversion modules The second sides of are connected in series with each other.
在部分實施例中,該控制器更用以控制該第一控制訊號的一第一增益交越頻率大於該些第二控制訊號的一第二增益交越頻率。In some embodiments, the controller is further used to control a first gain crossover frequency of the first control signal to be greater than a second gain crossover frequency of the second control signals.
本揭示內容的另一態樣係關於一種直流轉換系統控制方法,包含:由輸出感測器量測直流轉換系統的輸出訊號;由複數個輸入電壓感測器分別量測複數個電源轉換模組的至少一轉換單元相互串聯的複數個第一側的複數個輸入電壓訊號;由控制器接收輸出訊號和些輸入電壓訊號;由控制器根據輸出訊號和輸出參考訊號產生第一控制訊號;由控制器根據輸入電壓訊號產生複數個輸入參考電壓訊號;由控制器根據輸入電壓訊號和輸入參考電壓訊號進行均壓控制以產生複數個第二控制訊號;由控制器根據第一控制訊號和第二控制訊號相應者輸出相應的調制訊號以控制轉換單元相應者的複數個開關進行作動。Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a DC conversion system control method, including: measuring the output signal of the DC conversion system by an output sensor; and measuring a plurality of power conversion modules by a plurality of input voltage sensors respectively A plurality of input voltage signals on the first side of at least one conversion unit connected in series with each other; the controller receives the output signal and some input voltage signals; the controller generates the first control signal according to the output signal and the output reference signal; The controller generates a plurality of input reference voltage signals according to the input voltage signal; the controller performs voltage equalization control according to the input voltage signal and the input reference voltage signal to generate a plurality of second control signals; the controller generates a plurality of second control signals according to the first control signal and the second control signal The signal responder outputs the corresponding modulation signal to control the multiple switches of the corresponding switch unit to actuate.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器的一主控制器將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得一輸出誤差值,其中該第一控制訊號係根據該輸出誤差值所得;由該控制器的複數個本地控制器將各自接收的該輸入電壓訊號與該輸入參考電壓訊號分別相減以取得一電壓誤差值;以及由該控制器中該些本地控制器將各自的該電壓誤差值進行均壓控制以分別產生相應的該第二控制訊號。In some embodiments, it further includes: subtracting the output signal from the output reference signal by a main controller of the controller to obtain an output error value, wherein the first control signal is obtained according to the output error value; The plurality of local controllers of the controller subtract the input voltage signal and the input reference voltage signal received respectively to obtain a voltage error value; and the local controllers in the controller calculate the respective voltage The error value is subjected to voltage equalization control to respectively generate the corresponding second control signal.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該主控制器的一誤差單元接收該輸出訊號;由該誤差單元將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得該輸出誤差值;以及由該主控制器的一穩壓控制單元接收並根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號。In some embodiments, it further includes: receiving the output signal by an error unit of the main controller; subtracting the output signal from the output reference signal by the error unit to obtain the output error value; and controlling by the main controller A voltage stabilization control unit of the generator receives and generates the first control signal according to the output error value.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器的主控制器將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得一輸出誤差值;由該控制器的複數個本地控制器根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號,並將各自相應接收的該輸入電壓訊號與相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號分別相減以取得相應的一電壓誤差值;以及由該些本地控制器將各自相應的該電壓誤差值進行均壓控制以分別產生相應的該第二控制訊號。In some embodiments, it further includes: subtracting the output signal from the output reference signal by the main controller of the controller to obtain an output error value; and multiple local controllers of the controller according to the output error value Generate the first control signal, and subtract the corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal respectively to obtain a corresponding voltage error value; and the local controllers will each corresponding to the voltage The error value is subjected to voltage equalization control to respectively generate the corresponding second control signal.
在部分實施例中,該些輸入參考電壓訊號的電壓準位不同。In some embodiments, the voltage levels of the input reference voltage signals are different.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器的複數個本地控制器之一者將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得一輸出誤差值,其中該第一控制訊號係根據該輸出誤差值所得;由該控制器的複數個本地控制器將各自接收相應的該輸入電壓訊號與相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號分別相減以取得相應的一電壓誤差值;以及由該些本地控制器將各自相應的該電壓誤差值進行均壓控制以分別產生相應的該第二控制訊號。In some embodiments, it further includes: subtracting the output signal from the output reference signal by one of the plurality of local controllers of the controller to obtain an output error value, wherein the first control signal is based on the output The corresponding input voltage signal and the corresponding input reference voltage signal are subtracted by a plurality of local controllers of the controller to obtain a corresponding voltage error value; and by the local controllers Performing voltage equalization control on the respective corresponding voltage error values to respectively generate the corresponding second control signals.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器的複數個本地控制器之一者將該輸出訊號與該輸出參考訊號相減以取得一輸出誤差值;由該控制器的複數個本地控制器將根據該輸出誤差值產生該第一控制訊號,將各自接收相應的該輸入電壓訊號與相應的該輸入參考電壓訊號分別相減以取得相應的一電壓誤差值;以及由該控制器中該些本地控制器將各自相應的該電壓誤差值進行均壓控制以分別產生相應的該第二控制訊號。In some embodiments, it further includes: subtracting the output signal from the output reference signal by one of the plurality of local controllers of the controller to obtain an output error value; The first control signal is generated according to the output error value, and the corresponding input voltage signal received by each and the corresponding input reference voltage signal are respectively subtracted to obtain a corresponding voltage error value; The local controller performs voltage equalization control on the respective corresponding voltage error values to respectively generate the corresponding second control signals.
在部分實施例中,更包含:當該些電壓誤差值之一者大於一第一閥值或小於一第二閥值,由該控制器進行均壓控制以調整相應的該第二控制訊號;以及當該些電壓誤差值之該者未大於該第一閥值且未小於該第二閥值,由該控制器維持相應的該第二控制訊號。In some embodiments, it further includes: when one of the voltage error values is greater than a first threshold or less than a second threshold, the controller performs voltage equalization control to adjust the corresponding second control signal; And when one of the voltage error values is not greater than the first threshold and not less than the second threshold, the controller maintains the corresponding second control signal.
在部分實施例中,該第二閥值不同於該第一閥值。In some embodiments, the second threshold is different from the first threshold.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器將該第一控制訊號和該些第二控制訊號相加以分別產生並輸出該些調制訊號。In some embodiments, it further includes: the controller adds the first control signal and the second control signals to respectively generate and output the modulation signals.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器中複數個本地控制器根據該控制器中一主控制器的一時序標誌以同步取得該些輸入電壓訊號。In some embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the input voltage signals synchronously by a plurality of local controllers in the controller according to a timing flag of a main controller in the controller.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器控制該第一控制訊號的第一增益交越頻率大於該些第二控制訊號的第二增益交越頻率。In some embodiments, the method further includes: the controller controls the first gain crossover frequency of the first control signal to be greater than the second gain crossover frequency of the second control signals.
本揭示內容的另一態樣係關於一種去耦方法。去耦方法適用於直流轉換系統的總輸出訊號控制迴路和均壓控制迴路。總輸出訊號控制迴路用以產生第一控制訊號。均壓控制迴路用以產生複數個第二控制訊號。去耦方法包含:由控制器偵測該些第二控制訊號;由控制器判斷是否第二控制訊號均超出耦合容忍範圍;以及當第二控制訊號均超出耦合容忍範圍,由控制器補償第一控制訊號和第二控制訊號,其中控制器對第一控制訊號的補償方向相反於對第二控制訊號的補償方向。Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a decoupling method. The decoupling method is suitable for the total output signal control loop and the voltage equalization control loop of the DC conversion system. The total output signal control loop is used to generate the first control signal. The voltage equalization control loop is used to generate a plurality of second control signals. The decoupling method includes: detecting the second control signals by the controller; judging by the controller whether all the second control signals are out of the coupling tolerance range; and when the second control signals are all out of the coupling tolerance range, the controller compensates the first The control signal and the second control signal, wherein the compensation direction of the controller for the first control signal is opposite to the compensation direction for the second control signal.
在部分實施例中,更包含:由該控制器判斷是否該些第二控制訊號均大於一耦合容忍上限值或均小於一耦合容忍下限值;當該些第二控制訊號均大於該耦合容忍上限值,由該控制器將該些第二控制訊號分別減去一補償值,並將該第一控制訊號加上該補償值;以及當該些第二控制訊號均小於該耦合容忍下限值,由該控制器將該些第二控制訊號分別加上該補償值,並將該第一控制訊號減去該補償值。In some embodiments, it further includes: determining by the controller whether the second control signals are all greater than a coupling tolerance upper limit value or are all less than a coupling tolerance lower limit value; when the second control signals are all greater than the coupling tolerance Tolerance upper limit, the controller subtracts a compensation value from the second control signals, and adds the compensation value to the first control signal; and when the second control signals are less than the coupling tolerance lower For the limit value, the controller adds the compensation value to the second control signals, and subtracts the compensation value from the first control signal.
在部分實施例中,總輸出訊號控制迴路可為總輸出電壓控制迴路、總輸出電流控制迴路,或總輸出功率控制迴路。In some embodiments, the total output signal control loop may be a total output voltage control loop, a total output current control loop, or a total output power control loop.
在部分實施例中,第一控制訊號和第二控制訊號均為開關頻率、計數器值,或佔空比值。In some embodiments, the first control signal and the second control signal are both switching frequency, counter value, or duty cycle value.
在部分實施例中,第一控制訊號為開關頻率、計數器值和佔空比值中之一者,第二控制訊號為開關頻率、計數器值和佔空比值中之另一者。In some embodiments, the first control signal is one of the switching frequency, the counter value, and the duty cycle value, and the second control signal is the other one of the switching frequency, the counter value, and the duty cycle value.
綜上所述,本案透過應用上述各個實施例中,根據各個電源轉換模組傳送的輸入電壓訊號以及輸出訊號,控制器經計算和均壓控制等等,便能產生回授訊號,使得各個電源轉換模組的輸入電壓均衡,減低開關的電壓應力。在不增加硬體均壓電路的條件下,以控制方法解決電壓不均的問題,達到降低成本的效果。To sum up, in this case, according to the input voltage signal and output signal transmitted by each power conversion module, the controller can generate a feedback signal through calculation and voltage equalization control, etc., by applying the above-mentioned various embodiments, so that each power supply The input voltage of the conversion module is balanced to reduce the voltage stress of the switch. Under the condition of not increasing the hardware voltage equalization circuit, the problem of voltage unevenness is solved by the control method, and the effect of reducing the cost is achieved.
下文係舉實施例配合所附圖式作詳細說明,以更好地理解本案的態樣,但所提供之實施例並非用以限制本揭露所涵蓋的範圍,而結構操作之描述非用以限制其執行之順序,任何由元件重新組合之結構,所產生具有均等功效的裝置,皆為本揭露所涵蓋的範圍。此外,根據業界的標準及慣常做法,圖式僅以輔助說明為目的,並未依照原尺寸作圖,實際上各種特徵的尺寸可任意地增加或減少以便於說明。下述說明中相同元件將以相同之符號標示來進行說明以便於理解。The following is a detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to better understand the aspect of the case, but the provided embodiments are not intended to limit the scope covered by the disclosure, and the description of the structural operations is not intended to limit The order of execution, any recombination of components, and a device with an equal effect are all within the scope of this disclosure. In addition, according to industry standards and common practices, the drawings are only for the purpose of supplementary explanation, and are not drawn in accordance with the original dimensions. In fact, the dimensions of various features can be arbitrarily increased or decreased for ease of explanation. In the following description, the same elements will be described with the same symbols to facilitate understanding.
在全篇說明書與申請專利範圍所使用之用詞(terms),除有特別註明外,通常具有每個用詞使用在此領域中、在此揭露之內容中與特殊內容中的平常意義。某些用以描述本揭露之用詞將於下或在此說明書的別處討論,以提供本領域技術人員在有關本揭露之描述上額外的引導。Unless otherwise specified, the terms used in the entire specification and the scope of the patent application usually have the usual meaning of each term used in this field, in the content disclosed here, and in the special content. Some terms used to describe the present disclosure will be discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide those skilled in the art with additional guidance on the description of the present disclosure.
此外,在本文中所使用的用詞『包含』、『包括』、『具有』、『含有』等等,均為開放性的用語,即意指『包含但不限於』。此外,本文中所使用之『及/或』,包含相關列舉項目中一或多個項目的任意一個以及其所有組合。In addition, the terms "include", "include", "have", "contain", etc. used in this article are all open terms, meaning "including but not limited to". In addition, the "and/or" used in this article includes any one of one or more of the related listed items and all combinations thereof.
於本文中,當一元件被稱為『連接』或『耦接』時,可指『電性連接』或『電性耦接』。『連接』或『耦接』亦可用以表示二或多個元件間相互搭配操作或互動。此外,雖然本文中使用『第一』、『第二』、…等用語描述不同元件,該用語僅是用以區別以相同技術用語描述的元件或操作。除非上下文清楚指明,否則該用語並非特別指稱或暗示次序或順位,亦非用以限定本發明。In this text, when an element is referred to as "connection" or "coupling", it can refer to "electrical connection" or "electrical coupling". "Connected" or "coupled" can also be used to indicate that two or more components cooperate or interact with each other. In addition, although terms such as “first”, “second”, etc. are used herein to describe different elements, the terms are only used to distinguish elements or operations described in the same technical terms. Unless the context clearly indicates, the terms do not specifically refer to or imply order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention.
請參考第1圖。第1圖為根據本案部分實施例所繪示的直流轉換系統100的示意圖。如第1圖所示,直流轉換系統100採用第一側串聯第二側並聯的直流轉換電路結構。在部分實施例中,第一側為高壓側,其中高壓側可為輸入側,第二側為低壓側,其中低壓側可為輸出側。在其他部分實施例中,高壓側可為輸出側,低壓側為輸入側。為方便說明起見,以下內容將以輸入串聯輸出並聯(Input-Series-Output-Parallel,ISOP)的實施例進行說明,但本案並不以此為限。Please refer to Figure 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a
直流轉換系統100包含複數個(n個)電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn、輸出感測器120、複數個(n個)輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n、控制器CON和負載LOAD。其中,n為大於等於1的正整數。電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn中任一者包含至少一轉換單元DC1~DCn。轉換單元DC1~DCn各自包含第一側和第二側。在部分實施例中,電源轉換模組包含一個轉換單元。在其他部分實施例中,電源轉換模組包含兩個以上轉換單元。The
結構上,如第1圖所示,轉換單元DC1~DCn的多個第一側相互串聯連接。轉換單元DC1~DCn的多個第二側相互並聯連接。輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n各自耦接於相應的轉換單元DC1~DCn的第一側。輸出感測器120耦接於轉換單元DC1~DCn的第二側,亦即,直流轉換系統的輸出側。控制器CON耦接於輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n、輸出感測器120和轉換單元DC1~DCn。負載LOAD耦接於轉換單元DC1~DCn的第二側的正負跨壓之間。Structurally, as shown in Fig. 1, the plurality of first sides of the conversion units DC1 to DCn are connected in series with each other. The plurality of second sides of the conversion units DC1 to DCn are connected in parallel to each other. The input voltage sensors 140_1 to 140_n are each coupled to the first side of the corresponding conversion unit DC1 to DCn. The
具體而言,轉換單元DC1~DCn相互串聯的第一側為高壓側V1,轉換單元DC1~DCn相互並聯的第二側為低壓側V2。每一個轉換單元均包括電容,並且電容並聯連接于轉換單元的第一側,例如,轉換單元DC1包括電容Ci1,並且電容Ci1並聯連接于轉換單元DC1的第一側,轉換單元DCn包括電容Cin,並且電容Cin並聯連接于轉換單元DCn的第一側。輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n分別耦接於電容Ci1~Cin的兩端(如:輸入電壓感測器140_1耦接於電容Ci1的兩端)。此外,輸出電容Co耦接於直流轉換系統的輸出側的正負跨壓之間,亦即,轉換單元DC1~DCn的第二側的正負跨壓之間。在部分實施例中,輸出感測器120可耦接於輸出電容Co的兩端,用以量測輸出電壓V2(如第1圖所示)。在其他部分實施例中,輸出感測器120可耦接於直流轉換系統的輸出側的任一端,用以量測輸出電流(如第3圖所示)。在其他部分實施例中,輸出感測器120耦接於直流轉換系統的輸出側的任一端以及耦接於輸出電容Co的兩端,用以量測輸出功率。Specifically, the first side where the conversion units DC1 to DCn are connected in series is the high voltage side V1, and the second side where the conversion units DC1 to DCn are connected in parallel is the low voltage side V2. Each conversion unit includes a capacitor, and the capacitor is connected in parallel to the first side of the conversion unit. For example, the conversion unit DC1 includes a capacitor Ci1, and the capacitor Ci1 is connected in parallel to the first side of the conversion unit DC1, and the conversion unit DCn includes a capacitor Cin, And the capacitor Cin is connected in parallel to the first side of the conversion unit DCn. The input voltage sensors 140_1 to 140_n are respectively coupled to both ends of the capacitors Ci1 to Cin (for example, the input voltage sensor 140_1 is coupled to both ends of the capacitor Ci1). In addition, the output capacitor Co is coupled between the positive and negative cross-voltages on the output side of the DC conversion system, that is, between the positive and negative cross-voltages on the second side of the conversion units DC1 to DCn. In some embodiments, the
操作上,如第1圖所示,輸出感測器120用以量測直流轉換系統100的輸出訊號Sout。輸出訊號Sout可為輸出電流訊號、輸出電壓訊號或輸出功率訊號。輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n用以分別量測轉換單元DC1~DCn的第一側的複數個輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin。控制器CON用以接收輸出訊號Sout和輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin,並產生調制訊號M1~Mn至相應的轉換單元DC1~DCn。轉換單元DC1~DCn的複數個開關根據相應的調制訊號M1~Mn進行作動。In operation, as shown in FIG. 1, the
如此一來,藉由每個電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn中的轉換單元DC1~DCn傳送各自的輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin至控制器CON,控制器CON便能根據輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin判斷當前電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn中轉換單元DC1~DCn的數量,經計算以產生調制訊號M1~Mn回授至相應的電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn中轉換單元DC1~DCn的複數個開關。In this way, by the conversion unit DC1~DCn in each power conversion module MOD1~MODn transmitting their respective input voltage signals Vi1~Vin to the controller CON, the controller CON can judge the current status based on the input voltage signals Vi1~Vin The number of conversion units DC1 to DCn in the power conversion modules MOD1 to MODn is calculated to generate modulation signals M1 to Mn that are fed back to the plurality of switches of the conversion units DC1 to DCn in the corresponding power conversion modules MOD1 to MODn.
在部分實施例中,控制器CON可由各種處理電路、數位訊號處理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)、複雜型可編程邏輯元件(Complex Programmable Logic Device,CPLD)、現場可程式化閘陣列(Field-programmable gate array,FPGA)等各種方式實作。在部分實施例中,調制訊號可為頻率調變訊號(frequency modulation,FM)或脈衝寬度調變訊號(pluse width modulation,PWM)。In some embodiments, the controller CON can be implemented by various processing circuits, digital signal processors (DSP), complex programmable logic devices (CPLD), and field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Logic Device). Various methods such as programmable gate array, FPGA) are implemented. In some embodiments, the modulation signal may be a frequency modulation signal (FM) or a pulse width modulation signal (pluse width modulation, PWM).
值得注意的是,本案說明書和圖式中使用的元件編號和信號編號中的小寫英文索引1~n,只是為了方便指稱個別的元件和信號,並非有意將前述元件和信號的數量侷限在特定數目。在本案說明書和圖式中,若使用某一元件編號或信號編號時沒有指明該元件編號或信號編號的索引,則代表該元件編號或信號編號是指稱所屬元件群組或信號群組中不特定的任一元件或信號。例如,元件編號DC1指稱的對象是轉換單元DC1,而元件編號DC指稱的對象則是轉換單元DC1~DCn中不特定的任意轉換單元。又例如,元件編號140_1指稱的對象是輸入電壓感測器140_1,而元件編號140指稱的對象則是輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n中不特定的任意輸入電壓感測器。再例如,信號編號Vi1指稱的對象是輸入電壓訊號Vi1,而信號編號Vi指稱的對象則是輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin中不特定的任意輸入電壓訊號。It is worth noting that the
請參考第2A圖、第2B圖。第2A圖、第2B圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種轉換單元DC之示意圖。如第2A圖所示,每一個轉換單元DC包含直流轉換模組,該直流轉換模組包含全橋逆變電路132、諧振電路134、變壓器136和整流電路138。在部分實施例中,全橋逆變電路132包含複數個開關,但其數量及連接方式不用以限制本案。Please refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B. FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating a conversion unit DC according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2A, each conversion unit DC includes a DC conversion module, and the DC conversion module includes a full-
結構上,全橋逆變電路132的輸入端為轉換單元DC的第一側,電容Ci並聯連接在全橋逆變電路132的輸入端。全橋逆變電路132的輸入端用以接收高壓側V1的電壓Vi。輸入電壓感測器140耦接於輸入電容Ci的兩端,用以量測電容Ci兩側的電壓Vi並將量測到的電壓Vi輸出至控制器CON。全橋逆變電路132的輸出端電性耦接於諧振電路134的輸入端,用以輸出直流電壓Vi經全橋逆變電路132轉換後的交流訊號Sig至諧振電路134。諧振電路134的輸出端電性耦接於變壓器136的初級側。整流電路138的輸入端電性耦接於變壓器136的次級側。整流電路138的輸出端電性耦接於輸出電容Co,以提供直流輸出電壓至負載或其他後級電路。換言之,諧振電路134耦接於全橋逆變電路132的交流側與變壓器136的原邊繞組Np之間。變壓器136的副邊繞組Ns連接整流電路138的輸入側。全橋逆變電路132的直流側為直流轉換模組的第一側,亦即全橋逆變電路132的直流側為轉換單元的第一側,整流電路138的輸出側為直流轉換模組的第二側,亦即整流電路138的輸出側為直流轉換系統的輸出側。Structurally, the input terminal of the full-
在部分實施例中,如第2A圖所示,全橋逆變電路132包含開關SW1~SW4。諧振電路134包含諧振電容Lc、諧振電感Lr和勵磁電感Lm。變壓器136的初級側可包含一組原邊繞組Np,副邊側可包含一組副邊繞組Ns。整流電路138可採用全橋整流電路,包含二極體Di1~Di4。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2A, the full-
具體而言,開關SW1、SW2的第一端電性耦接於電壓Vi的正極端(亦即,全橋逆變電路132的第一側的正極端),開關SW1、SW2的第二端分別電性耦接於諧振電路134。開關SW3、SW4的第一端分別電性耦接於開關SW1、SW2的第二端,開關SW3、SW4的第二端電性耦接於電壓Vi的負極端(亦即,全橋逆變電路132的第一側的負極端)。開關SW1~SW4的控制端分別用以接收調制訊號,使得開關SW1~SW4根據調制訊號選擇性地導通或關斷。藉此,全橋逆變電路132透過選擇性地導通開關SW1~SW4,便可輸出交流訊號Sig。Specifically, the first terminals of the switches SW1 and SW2 are electrically coupled to the positive terminal of the voltage Vi (that is, the positive terminal of the first side of the full-bridge inverter circuit 132), and the second terminals of the switches SW1 and SW2 are respectively It is electrically coupled to the
諧振電容Lc、諧振電感Lr和變壓器136的原邊繞組Np彼此串聯。勵磁電感Lm和變壓器136的原邊繞組Np彼此並聯。二極體Di1的陽極端和二極體Di3的陰極端電性耦接於副邊繞組Ns的第一端。二極體Di2的陽極端和二極體Di4的陰極端電性耦接於副邊繞組Ns的第二端。二極體Di1、Di2的陰極端電性耦接於輸出電容Co的正極端。二極體Di3、Di4的陽極端電性耦接於輸出電容Co的負極端。The resonance capacitor Lc, the resonance inductance Lr, and the primary winding Np of the
在其他部分實施例中,如第2B圖所示,每一個電源轉換模組MOD包括兩個轉換單元DCa、DCb,每一轉換單元DCa、DCb各自包含直流轉換模組:全橋逆變電路132、諧振電路134、變壓器136和整流電路138(於第2B圖的實施例中,僅繪示總共兩個轉換單元DCa、DCb,然本案不以此數量為限)。於第2B圖所示實施例中,與第2A圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示,其操作已於先前段落說明者,於此不再贅述。和第2A圖所示實施例相比,在本實施例中,電源轉換模組MOD包含全橋逆變電路132a和132b、諧振電路134a和134b、變壓器136a和136b,以及整流電路138a和138b。結構上,全橋逆變電路132a和132b相互串聯連接,整流電路138a和138b相互並聯連接。電容Cia並聯連接於全橋逆變電路132a的第一側。輸入電壓感測器140a用以量測電容Cia兩側的電壓Via。相似地,電容Cib並聯連接於全橋逆變電路132b的第一側。輸入電壓感測器140b用以量測電容Cib兩側的電壓Vib。In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 2B, each power conversion module MOD includes two conversion units DCa, DCb, and each conversion unit DCa, DCb includes a DC conversion module: a full-
值得注意的是,上述電路的實施方式並不用以限制本案。舉例來說,諧振電路134亦可藉由一或多組的電感單元與電容單元實現LC諧振電路、LCC諧振電路、LLCC諧振電路,因此本案圖式中所繪示的LLC諧振電路僅為本案可能的實施方式之一,並非用以限制本案。換言之,本案各個實施例中的諧振電路、變壓器及整流電路可根據本領域技術人員熟知之任何形式來完成。It is worth noting that the implementation of the above circuit is not used to limit this case. For example, the
請參考第3圖。第3圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種直流轉換系統100之詳細示意圖。於第3圖所示實施例中,與第1圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示,其操作已於先前段落說明者,於此不再贅述。和第1圖所示實施例相比,在本實施例中,控制器CON1包含主控制器MCU和複數個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn。為方便說明起見,第3圖中僅繪示3個本地控制器,然其數量不以此為限。Please refer to Figure 3. FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of a
結構上,主控制器MCU耦接輸出感測器120和本地控制器LCU1~LCUn。本地控制器LCU1~LCUn各自耦接於相應的電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn(如:本地控制器LCU1耦接於電源轉換模組MOD1)。本地控制器LCU1~LCUn各自耦接於相應的輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n(如:本地控制器LCU1耦接於輸入電壓感測器140_1)。本地控制器LCU1~LCUn耦接於主控制器MCU。Structurally, the main controller MCU is coupled to the
操作上,本地控制器LCU1~LCUn分別用以自相應的輸入電壓感測器140_1~140_n接收輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin,並將輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin輸出至主控制器MCU。主控制器MCU用以接收輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin,和自輸出感測器120接收輸出訊號Sout。主控制器MCU根據接收到的該些輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin產生該些輸入參考電壓訊號。接著,主控制器MCU和本地控制器LCU1~LCUn用以根據輸出訊號Sout、輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin和輸出參考訊號產生第一和第二控制訊號,並根據第一和第二控制訊號輸出調制訊號以控制轉換單元中的開關進行作動。詳細操作內容將於後續段落敘明。In operation, the local controllers LCU1 to LCUn are respectively used to receive the input voltage signals Vi1 to Vin from the corresponding input voltage sensors 140_1 to 140_n, and to output the input voltage signals Vi1 to Vin to the main controller MCU. The main controller MCU is used to receive the input voltage signals Vi1-Vin, and the output signal Sout from the
請參考第4圖。第4圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種直流轉換系統100之詳細示意圖。於第4圖所示實施例中,與第1圖、第3圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示,其操作已於先前段落說明者,於此不再贅述。和第3圖所示實施例相比,在本實施例中,控制器CON2包含複數個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn。為方便說明起見,第4圖中僅繪示3個本地控制器,然其數量不以此為限。Please refer to Figure 4. FIG. 4 is a detailed schematic diagram of another
結構上,本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn相互電性耦接。具體而言,控制器CON2包含的多個本地控制器為主從式架構。操作上,多個本地控制器中任意一個本地控制器作為主機(Master)以進行主控的功能,而其他的本地控制器將作為從機(Slave)。如此一來,主機可依據實際情況及需求進行自由切換,具有較佳的冗餘性。Structurally, the local controllers MAS, SLA1-SLAn are electrically coupled to each other. Specifically, the multiple local controllers included in the controller CON2 have a master-slave architecture. Operationally, any one of the multiple local controllers will act as the master (Master) to perform the master control function, while the other local controllers will act as the slaves (Slave). In this way, the host can be switched freely according to actual conditions and requirements, and has better redundancy.
具體而言,在決定主機後,本地控制器SLA1~SLAn分別用以自相應的輸入電壓感測器140_2~140_n接收輸入電壓訊號Vi2~Vin,並將輸入電壓訊號Vi2~Vin輸出至作為主機的本地控制器MAS。本地控制器MAS用以自輸出感測器120接收輸出訊號Sout,透過相應的輸入電壓感測器140_1接收輸入電壓訊號Vi1,並自其他本地控制器SLA1~SLAn接收輸入電壓訊號Vi2~Vin。接著,本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn用以根據輸出訊號Sout、輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin和輸出參考訊號產生第一和第二控制訊號,並根據第一和第二控制訊號輸出調制訊號以控制轉換單元中的開關進行作動。詳細操作內容將於後續段落敘明。Specifically, after determining the host, the local controllers SLA1 to SLAn are used to receive the input voltage signals Vi2 to Vin from the corresponding input voltage sensors 140_2 to 140_n, and to output the input voltage signals Vi2 to Vin to the host computer. Local controller MAS. The local controller MAS is used for receiving the output signal Sout from the
由於電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn中的硬體參數可能不一致而導致輸入側電壓不平均。而且輸入或輸出電壓的範圍越寬可能會導致不均壓的問題更嚴重。因此,若要確保直流轉換系統100穩定工作,則要確保各個電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn的電壓均壓及電流均流。Because the hardware parameters in the power conversion modules MOD1~MODn may be inconsistent, the voltage on the input side may be uneven. Moreover, the wider the input or output voltage range, the more serious the uneven voltage problem may be. Therefore, to ensure the stable operation of the
請參考第5圖。第5圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種控制器CON之示意圖。如第5圖所示,控制器CON包含誤差單元162_1~162_n、穩壓控制單元164_1~164_n、疊加單元166_1~166_n、誤差單元182、穩壓控制單元184和輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186。Please refer to Figure 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a controller CON according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the controller CON includes error units 162_1 to 162_n, voltage stabilization control units 164_1 to 164_n, superposition units 166_1 to 166_n,
在部分實施例中,由誤差單元182接收輸出訊號Sout,並將輸出訊號Sout和輸出參考訊號Sref相減以取得輸出誤差值Serr。接著,由穩壓控制單元184接收輸出誤差值Serr,並根據輸出誤差值Serr產生第一控制訊號CS1。另一方面,由輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186根據輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin產生相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn。接著,由誤差單元162_1~162_n分別接收相應的輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin和相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn,並將相應的輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin和相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn相減以取得相應的電壓誤差值Vr1~Vrn。接著,由穩壓控制單元164_1~164_n接收相應的電壓誤差值Vr1~Vrn,並根據相應的電壓誤差值Vr1~Vrn進行均壓控制以產生相應的第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n。關於均壓控制的詳細操作將於後續段落中敘明。In some embodiments, the
之後,由疊加單元166_1~166_n分別接收第一控制訊號CS1和相應的第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n,並將第一控制訊號CS1和相應的第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n疊加以取得相應的調制訊號M1~Mn。接著,由控制器CON將調制訊號M1~Mn分別輸出至相應的驅動訊號產生器DSG1~DSGn。由驅動訊號產生器DSG1~DSGn根據相應的調制訊號M1~Mn產生相應的驅動訊號D1~Dn,並將驅動訊號D1~Dn輸出至相應的轉換單元DC1~DCn中的全橋逆變電路132的多個開關。全橋逆變電路132的多個開關便能根據相應的驅動訊號D1~Dn選擇性的導通或關斷。After that, the superimposing units 166_1 to 166_n respectively receive the first control signal CS1 and the corresponding second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n, and superimpose the first control signal CS1 and the corresponding second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n to obtain the corresponding modulation signal M1~Mn. Then, the controller CON outputs the modulation signals M1 to Mn to the corresponding driving signal generators DSG1 to DSGn, respectively. The drive signal generators DSG1 to DSGn generate corresponding drive signals D1 to Dn according to the corresponding modulation signals M1 to Mn, and output the drive signals D1 to Dn to the corresponding conversion units DC1 to DCn of the full-
如此一來,透過上述控制器CON的操作,便能夠根據輸出訊號Sout和輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin回授控制轉換單元DC1~DCn,使得直流轉換系統100達到均壓和穩壓的效果。In this way, through the operation of the above-mentioned controller CON, the conversion units DC1 to DCn can be feedback controlled according to the output signal Sout and the input voltage signals Vi1 to Vin, so that the
另外,根據等效電路模型經過推導可得知,當直流轉換系統100中串並聯的轉換單元DC1~DCn的數量大於二(即,n>2)時,用以產生第一控制訊號CS1的總輸出訊號控制迴路不會影響用以產生第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n的均壓控制迴路,但是均壓控制迴路會影響總輸出訊號控制迴路。換言之,由於均壓控制迴路對總輸出訊號控制迴路的耦合,將抑制總輸出訊號控制迴路的運作,且導致均壓控制迴路的均壓能力下降。因此,為了避免此問題,應加快總輸出訊號控制迴路的速度,並減慢均壓控制迴路的速度,以減小耦合的不利影響。據此,在部分實施例中,控制器CON將確保總輸出訊號控制迴路的響應速度大於均壓控制迴路的響應速度。舉例來說,控制器CON將控制均壓控制迴路的增益交越頻率(gain crossover frequency)小於總輸出訊號控制迴路的增益交越頻率的二分之一。In addition, according to the deduction of the equivalent circuit model, it can be known that when the number of conversion units DC1 to DCn connected in series and parallel in the
而在其他部分實施例中,針對均壓控制迴路對總輸出訊號控制迴路的耦合,控制器CON將檢測均壓控制迴路所輸出的第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n。當控制器CON判斷因控制耦合所產生的偏置過大時,將對均壓控制迴路以及總輸出訊號控制迴路進行糾正處理以實現去耦。請參考第14圖。第14圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種去耦方法200之流程圖。如第14圖所示,去耦方法200包含操作S210、S220以及操作S230。In other embodiments, for the coupling of the voltage equalization control loop to the total output signal control loop, the controller CON will detect the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n output by the voltage equalization control loop. When the controller CON determines that the bias generated by the control coupling is too large, it will correct the voltage equalization control loop and the total output signal control loop to achieve decoupling. Please refer to Figure 14. FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a
首先,在操作S210中,設定第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n的耦合容忍範圍。具體而言,由控制器CON根據第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n預先設定耦合容忍上限值和下限值。First, in operation S210, the coupling tolerance range of the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n is set. Specifically, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the coupling tolerance are preset by the controller CON according to the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n.
接著,在操作S220中,判斷是否全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n都超出耦合容忍範圍。具體而言,由控制器CON持續偵測第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n,並判斷是否全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n都大於耦合容忍上限值,或者全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n都小於耦合容忍下限值。Then, in operation S220, it is determined whether all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n exceed the coupling tolerance range. Specifically, the controller CON continuously detects the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n, and determines whether all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n are greater than the coupling tolerance upper limit, or all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n are less than the coupling tolerance. Tolerate the lower limit.
當全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n都超出耦合容忍範圍時,進行操作S230,根據偏移方向對第一控制訊號CS1和第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n進行補償。具體而言,當全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n都大於耦合容忍上限值時,由控制器CON將全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n減去一個預設補償值,並將第一控制訊號CS1相應地加上一個預設補償值。另一方面,當全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n都小於耦合容忍下限值時,由控制器CON將全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n加上一個預設補償值,並將第一控制訊號CS1相應地減去一個預設補償值。換言之,第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n和第一控制訊號CS1兩者的補償方向為相反的。When all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n are out of the coupling tolerance range, operation S230 is performed to compensate the first control signal CS1 and the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n according to the offset direction. Specifically, when all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n are greater than the upper limit of coupling tolerance, the controller CON subtracts a preset compensation value from all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n, and the first control signal CS1 A preset compensation value is added accordingly. On the other hand, when all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n are less than the lower limit of the coupling tolerance, the controller CON adds a preset compensation value to all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n, and the first control signal CS1 A preset compensation value is subtracted accordingly. In other words, the compensation directions of the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n and the first control signal CS1 are opposite.
進行補償後將再次進行操作S220。若全部第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n仍都超出耦合容忍範圍,則將再次進行補償,直到第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n中之至少一者介於耦合容忍範圍內,則停止補償。如此一來,藉由去耦方法200監控第二控制訊號CS2_1~CS2_n並根據偏移方向的反方向補償,便能避免耦合以及偏置的問題。After the compensation is performed, operation S220 will be performed again. If all the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n still exceed the coupling tolerance range, compensation will be performed again until at least one of the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n is within the coupling tolerance range, then the compensation is stopped. In this way, by monitoring the second control signals CS2_1 to CS2_n by the
在部分實施例中,上述耦合容忍範圍(即,耦合容忍上限值和耦合容忍下限值)以及補償值皆為預設值,可根據實際直流轉換系統100的工作狀況(如,負載大小)進行設計和調整。例如,當負載變大時,容忍範圍變寬而補償值變大。當負載變小時,容忍範圍變窄而補償值變小。In some embodiments, the aforementioned coupling tolerance range (ie, the upper limit of coupling tolerance and the lower limit of coupling tolerance) and the compensation value are all preset values, which can be based on the actual working condition of the DC conversion system 100 (eg, load size) Design and adjust. For example, when the load becomes larger, the tolerance range becomes wider and the compensation value becomes larger. When the load becomes smaller, the tolerance range becomes narrower and the compensation value becomes smaller.
值得注意的是,上述總輸出訊號控制迴路可包含總輸出電壓、總輸出電流或總輸出功率的控制迴路。此外,去耦方法200中所偵測的第二控制訊號以及其耦合容忍範圍可以均為開關頻率、計數器值、佔空比值或者其他偵測數值。在其他實施例中,所偵測的第二控制訊號以及其耦合容忍範圍可為上述各種類型中不同種類的數值,並依據兩者的關係進行換算後,再進行判斷條件和相應補償。It is worth noting that the above-mentioned total output signal control loop may include a total output voltage, total output current, or total output power control loop. In addition, the second control signal detected in the
請參考第6圖。第6圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種主控制器MCU和多個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn之示意圖。具體而言,第6圖係配合第3圖中控制器CON1包含主控制器MCU和多個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn所繪示之示意圖。於第6圖所示實施例中,與第5圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示。在本實施例中,主控制器MCU包含誤差單元182、穩壓控制單元184和輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186。主控制器MCU將輸出訊號Sout與輸出參考訊號Sref相減取得輸出誤差值Serr,穩壓控制單元184接收並將輸出誤差值Serr產生第一控制訊號CS1。主控制器MCU中的輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186根據輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin產生相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn。本地控制器LCU1~LCUn各自包含相應的誤差單元162_1~162_n、穩壓控制單元164_1~164_n和疊加單元166_1~166_n(如:本地控制器LCU1包含誤差單元162_1、穩壓控制單元164_1和疊加單元166_1)。詳細元件操作已於先前段落說明,於此不再贅述。Please refer to Figure 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a main controller MCU and a plurality of local controllers LCU1 ˜LCUn according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the controller CON1 in FIG. 3 including a main controller MCU and a plurality of local controllers LCU1 to LCUn. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, elements similar to those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the main controller MCU includes an
請參考第7圖。第7圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示另一種主控制器MCU和多個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn之示意圖。具體而言,第7圖係配合第3圖中控制器CON1包含主控制器MCU和多個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn所繪示之示意圖。於第7圖所示實施例中,與第5圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示。在本實施例中,主控制器MCU包含誤差單元182和輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186。主控制器MCU將輸出訊號Sout與輸出參考訊號Sref相減取得輸出誤差值Serr。主控制器MCU中的輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186根據輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin產生相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn。本地控制器LCU1~LCUn各自包含相應的穩壓控制單元184_1~184_n、誤差單元162_1~162_n、穩壓控制單元164_1~164_n和疊加單元166_1~166_n(如:本地控制器LCU1包含穩壓控制單元184_1、誤差單元162_1、穩壓控制單元164_1和疊加單元166_1)。Please refer to Figure 7. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating another main controller MCU and multiple local controllers LCU1 ˜LCUn according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the controller CON1 in FIG. 3 including a main controller MCU and a plurality of local controllers LCU1 to LCUn. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, elements similar to those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the main controller MCU includes an
進一步而言,由主控制器MCU中的誤差單元182將根據輸出訊號Sout和輸出參考訊號Sref相減所取得的輸出誤差值Serr輸出至各個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn。由各個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn中的穩壓控制單元184_1~184_n接收輸出誤差值Serr,並根據輸出誤差值Serr各自產生第一控制訊號CS1。其他元件的詳細操作已於先前段落說明,於此不再贅述。Furthermore, the
請參考第8圖。第8圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示一種多個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn之示意圖。具體而言,第8圖係配合第4圖中控制器CON2包含多個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn所繪示之示意圖。於第8圖所示實施例中,與第5圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示。由於在操作上是由多個本地控制器中任意一個本地控制器作為主機進行主控,其他的本地控制器作為從機接受主機的控制,因此,在本實施例中,每個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn皆各自包含誤差單元182、穩壓控制單元184和輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186。Please refer to Figure 8. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a plurality of local controllers MAS, SLA1 ˜SLAn according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the controller CON2 in Fig. 4 including multiple local controllers MAS, SLA1 to SLAn. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, elements similar to those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In operation, any one of the multiple local controllers is used as the master to perform the master control, and the other local controllers are used as slaves to receive the control of the master. Therefore, in this embodiment, each local controller MAS , SLA1-SLAn each include an
在操作上,舉例來說,各個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn的誤差單元182_1~182_n可接收並共用同一個輸出訊號Sout及/或輸出參考訊號Sref。各個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn的穩壓控制單元184_1~184_n可各自接收相應的誤差單元182_1~182_n所輸出的輸出誤差值Serr,或由各個穩壓控制單元184_1~184_n自誤差單元182_1~182_n中之一者接收並共用同一個輸出誤差值Serr。各個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn的輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186_1~186_n可各自產生相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn,或由各個輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186_1~186_n中之一者產生輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn並傳送至其他本地控制器。進一步的說明請參考第9圖、第10圖和第11圖之不同實施例。為了說明上的簡潔明確,在第9圖、第10圖和第11圖之實施例中,各個本地控制器中僅繪示出使用中的功能方塊,未使用的元件將不繪示,不代表該本地控制器不具備該功能或元件。In operation, for example, the error units 182_1 to 182_n of the local controllers MAS and SLA1 to SLAn can receive and share the same output signal Sout and/or output reference signal Sref. The voltage stabilization control units 184_1~184_n of each local controller MAS, SLA1~SLAn can respectively receive the output error value Serr output by the corresponding error unit 182_1~182_n, or can be controlled by each voltage stabilization control unit 184_1~184_n from the error unit 182_1~ One of 182_n receives and shares the same output error value Serr. The input reference voltage signal generators 186_1 to 186_n of each local controller MAS, SLA1 to SLAn can respectively generate corresponding input reference voltage signals Vf1 to Vfn, or one of the input reference voltage signal generators 186_1 to 186_n can generate input The reference voltage signals Vf1~Vfn are sent to other local controllers. For further description, please refer to the different embodiments in Figure 9, Figure 10 and Figure 11. In order to make the description concise and clear, in the embodiments in Figures 9, 10, and 11, only the functional blocks in use are drawn in each local controller, and the unused components will not be drawn, which does not represent The local controller does not have this function or component.
請參考第9圖。第9圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示一種多個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn之示意圖。於第9圖所示實施例中,與第8圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示。在本實施例中,作為主機的本地控制器MAS中輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186根據輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin產生相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn。作為主機的本地控制器MAS接收並根據輸出訊號與輸出參考訊號產生第一控制訊號CS1。而各個本地控制器用以根據相應的輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin以及相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn進行均壓控制以產生相應的第二控制訊號CS2。詳細的元件操作與第6圖中的實施例相似,已於先前段落說明,因此不再贅述。Please refer to Figure 9. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a plurality of local controllers MAS, SLA1 ˜SLAn according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the components similar to those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the input reference
請參考第10圖。第10圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種多個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn之示意圖。於第10圖所示實施例中,與第8圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示。在本實施例中,作為主機的本地控制器MAS中輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186根據輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin產生相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn。作為主機的本地控制器MAS中的誤差單元182接收並根據輸出訊號Sout與輸出參考訊號Sref產生輸出誤差值Serr。而各個本地控制器中的穩壓控制單元184_1~184_n接收並根據輸出誤差值Serr產生第一控制訊號CS1。詳細的元件操作與第7圖中的實施例相似,已於先前段落說明,因此不再贅述。Please refer to Figure 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another multiple local controllers MAS, SLA1 ˜SLAn according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, elements similar to those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the input reference
請參考第11圖。第11圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種多個本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn之示意圖。於第11圖所示實施例中,與第8圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示。在本實施例中,作為主機的本地控制器MAS的輸入參考電壓訊號產生器186根據輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin產生相應的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn,並將輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn輸出至相應的本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn。由作為主機的本地控制器MAS將自輸出感測器120所接收的輸出訊號Sout輸出至其他作為從機的本地控制器SLA1~SLAn。由所有的本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn中的誤差單元182_1~182_n各自將輸出訊號Sout和輸出參考訊號Sref相減以取得輸出誤差值Serr。接著,由所有的本地控制器MAS、SLA1~SLAn中的穩壓控制單元184_1~184_n根據輸出誤差值Serr各自產生第一控制訊號CS1。其他元件的詳細操作已於先前段落說明,於此不再贅述。Please refer to Figure 11. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another multiple local controllers MAS, SLA1 ˜SLAn according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, elements similar to those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the input reference
值得注意的是,在上述第5圖到第11圖中的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn可為完全相同的電壓準位,也可為不完全相同的電壓準位。舉例來說,當電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn相互串聯的第一側中存在電位為零的中點,且中點和正電壓之間的電源轉換模組的數量與中點和負電壓之間的電源轉換模組的數量不同時,透過不同的輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vfn,便可確保正負電壓對中點具有相同的電壓。例如:正電壓為+120V,負電壓為-120V,正電壓與中點間包含3個電源轉換模組MOD1~MOD3,負電壓與中點間包含4個電源轉換模組MOD4~MOD7。將輸入參考電壓訊號Vf1~Vf3設為40V,將輸入參考電壓訊號Vf4~Vf7設為30V,如此一來,便可確保正負電壓對中點具有相同的電壓。It is worth noting that the input reference voltage signals Vf1 to Vfn in FIGS. 5 to 11 above may be at the same voltage level or not at the same voltage level. For example, when the power conversion modules MOD1 to MODn are connected in series on the first side, there is a midpoint where the potential is zero, and the number of power conversion modules between the midpoint and the positive voltage is greater than the midpoint and the negative voltage. When the number of power conversion modules is different, through different input reference voltage signals Vf1 to Vfn, it can be ensured that the positive and negative voltages have the same voltage at the midpoint. For example: the positive voltage is +120V, the negative voltage is -120V, there are 3 power conversion modules MOD1~MOD3 between the positive voltage and the midpoint, and 4 power conversion modules MOD4~MOD7 between the negative voltage and the midpoint. Set the input reference voltage signals Vf1 to Vf3 to 40V, and set the input reference voltage signals Vf4 to Vf7 to 30V. In this way, it can be ensured that the positive and negative voltages have the same voltage at the midpoint.
此外,關於均壓控制的詳細操作,請參考第12A圖和第12B圖。第12A圖、第12B圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種均壓控制之訊號示意圖。如第12A圖和第12B圖所示,當輸入電壓訊號Vi大於閥值Vth1(如T1期間所示,輸入電壓訊號Vi高於設定電壓VH)或輸入電壓訊號Vi小於閥值Vth2(如T3期間所示,輸入電壓訊號Vi低於設定電壓VL)時,控制器CON進行均壓控制以調整相應的第二控制訊號CS2。In addition, for the detailed operation of the equalizing control, please refer to Figure 12A and Figure 12B. FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are schematic diagrams illustrating a signal of a voltage equalization control according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figures 12A and 12B, when the input voltage signal Vi is greater than the threshold Vth1 (as shown during T1, the input voltage signal Vi is higher than the set voltage VH) or the input voltage signal Vi is less than the threshold Vth2 (as shown during T3) As shown, when the input voltage signal Vi is lower than the set voltage VL), the controller CON performs voltage equalization control to adjust the corresponding second control signal CS2.
反之,如第12A圖和第12B圖所示,當輸入電壓訊號Vi未大於閥值Vth1(如T2期間所示,輸入電壓訊號Vi低於設定電壓VH)且輸入電壓訊號Vi未小於閥值Vth2(如T4期間所示,輸入電壓訊號Vi高於設定電壓VL)時,控制器CON維持相應的第二控制訊號CS2。Conversely, as shown in Figures 12A and 12B, when the input voltage signal Vi is not greater than the threshold Vth1 (as shown during T2, the input voltage signal Vi is lower than the set voltage VH) and the input voltage signal Vi is not less than the threshold Vth2 (As shown during T4, when the input voltage signal Vi is higher than the set voltage VL), the controller CON maintains the corresponding second control signal CS2.
在部分實施例中,設定電壓VH和參考電壓Vf的差值與設定電壓VL和參考電壓Vf的差值相同。換言之,閥值Vth1和閥值Vth2相同。在其他部分實施例中,設定電壓VH和參考電壓Vf的差值與設定電壓VL和參考電壓Vf的差值相異。換言之,閥值Vth1和閥值Vth2相異。In some embodiments, the difference between the set voltage VH and the reference voltage Vf is the same as the difference between the set voltage VL and the reference voltage Vf. In other words, the threshold Vth1 and the threshold Vth2 are the same. In other embodiments, the difference between the set voltage VH and the reference voltage Vf is different from the difference between the set voltage VL and the reference voltage Vf. In other words, the threshold Vth1 and the threshold Vth2 are different.
另外,在部分實施例中,由控制器CON中多個本地控制器LCU1~LCUn(或本地控制器SLA1~SLAn)根據主控制器MCU(或作為主機的本地控制器MAS)的時序標誌以同步取得輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin。具體而言,可於每個週期或每多個週期產生一次同步標誌位。如此一來,透過以主控制器MCU(或作為主機的本地控制器MAS)的時序為基準,可實現本地控制器LCU1~LCUn(或本地控制器SLA1~SLAn)的同步,確保本地控制器LCU1~LCUn(或本地控制器SLA1~SLAn)傳送的是同一時刻的輸入電壓,使得均壓控制更精準。In addition, in some embodiments, multiple local controllers LCU1 to LCUn (or local controllers SLA1 to SLAn) in the controller CON are synchronized according to the timing flags of the main controller MCU (or the local controller MAS as the host) Obtain input voltage signals Vi1~Vin. Specifically, the synchronization flag can be generated once in every cycle or every multiple cycles. In this way, the synchronization of the local controller LCU1~LCUn (or the local controller SLA1~SLAn) can be realized by taking the time sequence of the main controller MCU (or the local controller MAS as the host) as a benchmark, ensuring the local controller LCU1 ~ LCUn (or local controller SLA1 ~ SLAn) transmits the input voltage at the same time, which makes the voltage equalization control more accurate.
請參考第13A圖和第13B圖。第13A圖、第13B圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種直流轉換系統100之示意圖。於第13A圖和第13B圖所示實施例中,與第1圖的實施例中相似的元件係以相同的元件符號表示。和第1圖所示實施例相比,在第13A圖之實施例中,直流轉換系統100包含複數個電源轉換模組MOD1、MOD2。電源轉換模組MOD1、MOD2各自包含複數個轉換單元DC1~DCn、DCn+1~DC2n。轉換單元DC1~DCn、DCn+1~DC2n各自包含第一側和第二側。Please refer to Figure 13A and Figure 13B. FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are schematic diagrams illustrating another
結構上,電源轉換模組MOD1和MOD2的第一側相互串聯連接。電源轉換模組MOD1和MOD2的第二側也以串聯相互連接。換言之,在直流轉換系統100的第一側,轉換單元DC1~DCn和DCn+1~DC2n以串聯連接。而在直流轉換系統100的第二側,轉換單元DC1~DCn和DCn+1~DC2n各自以並聯連接,轉換單元DC1~DCn和DCn+1~DC2n再相互以串聯連接。Structurally, the first sides of the power conversion modules MOD1 and MOD2 are connected in series with each other. The second sides of the power conversion modules MOD1 and MOD2 are also connected to each other in series. In other words, on the first side of the direct
此外,在第13B圖之實施例中,直流轉換系統100包含複數個(k個)電源轉換模組MOD1~MODk。其中,k為大於等於1的正整數。電源轉換模組MOD1~MODk各自包含至少一轉換單元(為了說明上的簡潔,僅繪製電源轉換模組MOD1內的轉換單元DC1~DCn)。結構上,與第13A圖相似,電源轉換模組MOD1~MODk的第一側相互串聯連接,電源轉換模組MOD1~MODk的第二側也相互串聯連接。其他詳細元件操作已於先前段落說明,於此不再贅述。In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13B, the
值得注意的是,每個電源轉換模組所包含的轉換單元的數量可相同或不完全相同。圖式皆繪示n個電源轉換單元在第二側相互並聯僅為方便說明之示例,並不用以限制本案。It is worth noting that the number of conversion units included in each power conversion module may be the same or not exactly the same. The drawings all show that n power conversion units are connected in parallel on the second side, which are only examples for convenience of explanation, and are not intended to limit the case.
雖然本文將所公開的方法示出和描述為一系列的步驟或事件,但是應當理解,所示出的這些步驟或事件的順序不應解釋為限制意義。例如,部分步驟可以以不同順序發生和/或與除了本文所示和/或所描述之步驟或事件以外的其他步驟或事件同時發生。另外,實施本文所描述的一個或多個態樣或實施例時,並非所有於此示出的步驟皆為必需。此外,本文中的一個或多個步驟亦可能在一個或多個分離的步驟和/或階段中執行。Although the disclosed methods are shown and described herein as a series of steps or events, it should be understood that the order of these steps or events shown should not be construed in a limiting sense. For example, some steps may occur in a different order and/or simultaneously with other steps or events other than the steps or events shown and/or described herein. In addition, when implementing one or more aspects or embodiments described herein, not all the steps shown here are necessary. In addition, one or more steps in this document may also be executed in one or more separate steps and/or stages.
需要說明的是,在不衝突的情況下,在本揭示內容各個圖式、實施例及實施例中的特徵與電路可以相互組合。圖式中所繪示的電路僅為示例之用,係簡化以使說明簡潔並便於理解,並非用以限制本案。此外,上述各實施例中的各個裝置、單元及元件可以由各種類型的數位或類比電路實現,亦可分別由不同的積體電路晶片實現,或整合至單一晶片。上述僅為例示,本揭示內容並不以此為限。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features and circuits in the various drawings, embodiments, and embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other. The circuit shown in the figure is only an example, and is simplified to make the description concise and easy to understand, and is not intended to limit the case. In addition, the various devices, units, and components in the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by various types of digital or analog circuits, and can also be implemented by different integrated circuit chips, or integrated into a single chip. The foregoing is only an example, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
綜上所述,本案透過應用上述各個實施例中,根據各個電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn傳送的輸入電壓訊號Vi1~Vin以及輸出訊號Sout,控制器CON經計算和均壓控制等等,便能產生回授訊號,使得各個電源轉換模組MOD1~MODn的輸入電壓均衡,減低開關電晶體的電壓應力。在不增加硬體均壓電路的條件下,以控制方法解決電壓不均的問題,達到降低成本的效果。To sum up, in this case, according to the input voltage signals Vi1 to Vin and the output signal Sout transmitted by each power conversion module MOD1 to MODn, the controller CON can be calculated and controlled by equalizing voltage by applying the above embodiments. A feedback signal is generated to balance the input voltage of each power conversion module MOD1 to MODn, and reduce the voltage stress of the switching transistor. Under the condition of not increasing the hardware voltage equalization circuit, the problem of voltage unevenness is solved by the control method, and the effect of reducing the cost is achieved.
此外,本案具有較強的擴展性,可依實際應用調整電源轉換模組的數量。在部分實施例中,僅採樣電壓訊號,以較少的控制量即可實現均壓,簡單的系統設計可適用在中高壓應用。在其他部分實施例中,可避免電源轉換模組之間的控制互聯線,降低電路及訊號受干擾的可能性。分散式的系統控制方法能提高系統的可靠性和冗餘性。In addition, this case has strong scalability, and the number of power conversion modules can be adjusted according to actual applications. In some embodiments, only the voltage signal is sampled, and the voltage equalization can be realized with a small amount of control. A simple system design can be applied to medium and high voltage applications. In other embodiments, the control interconnection between the power conversion modules can be avoided, and the possibility of interference of the circuit and the signal can be reduced. The distributed system control method can improve the reliability and redundancy of the system.
雖然本揭示內容已以實施方式揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本揭示內容,所屬技術領域具有通常知識者在不脫離本揭示內容之精神和範圍內,當可作各種更動與潤飾,因此本揭示內容之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the content of this disclosure has been disclosed in the above manner, it is not intended to limit the content of this disclosure. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this The scope of protection of the disclosed content shall be subject to the scope of the attached patent application.
100:直流轉換系統 120:輸出感測器 140,140_1~140_n,140_n+1~140_2n,140_(k-1)n+1~140_kn,140a,140b:輸入電壓感測器 MOD1~MODn,MODn+1~MOD2n,MOD(k-1)n+1~MODkn:電源轉換模組 CON,CON1,CON2:控制器 LOAD:負載 DC,DC1~DCn,DCn+1~DC2n:轉換單元 Co,Ci,Ci1~Cin,Cin+1~Ci2n,Cia,Cib:電容 V1,V2,Vi,Vi1~Vin,Vin+1~Vi2n,Vi(k-1)n+1~Vikn,Via,Vib:輸入電壓訊號 Sout:輸出訊號 M1~Mn,Mn+1~M2n:調制訊號 132,132a,132b:全橋逆變電路 134,134a,134b:諧振電路 136,136a,136b:變壓器 138,138a,138b:整流電路 Sig:交流訊號 Np:原邊繞組 Ns:副邊繞組 SW1~SW4:開關 Lc:諧振電容 Lr:諧振電感 Lm:勵磁電感 Di1~Di4:二極體 MCU:主控制器 LCU1~LCUn,MAS,SLA1~SLAn:本地控制器 162_1~162_n:誤差單元 164_1~164_n:穩壓控制單元 166_1~166_n:疊加單元 182,182_1~182_n:誤差單元 184,184_1~184_n:穩壓控制單元 186,186_1~186_n:輸入參考電壓訊號產生器 Sref:輸出參考訊號 Serr:輸出誤差值 CS1,CS2,CS2_1~CS2_n:控制訊號 Vf1~Vfn:輸入參考電壓訊號 Vr1~Vrn:電壓誤差值 DSG1~DSGn:驅動訊號產生器 D1~Dn:驅動訊號 T1,T2,T3,T4:期間 Vth1,Vth2:閥值 VH,VL:設定電壓 Vf:參考電壓 200:去耦方法 S210,S220,S230:操作100: DC conversion system 120: output sensor 140,140_1~140_n,140_n+1~140_2n,140_(k-1)n+1~140_kn,140a,140b: input voltage sensor MOD1~MODn, MODn+1~MOD2n, MOD(k-1)n+1~MODkn: power conversion module CON, CON1, CON2: Controller LOAD: load DC, DC1~DCn, DCn+1~DC2n: conversion unit Co,Ci,Ci1~Cin,Cin+1~Ci2n,Cia,Cib: Capacitance V1, V2, Vi, Vi1~Vin, Vin+1~Vi2n, Vi(k-1)n+1~Vikn, Via, Vib: Input voltage signal Sout: output signal M1~Mn, Mn+1~M2n: modulation signal 132, 132a, 132b: Full-bridge inverter circuit 134, 134a, 134b: Resonant circuit 136, 136a, 136b: Transformer 138, 138a, 138b: rectifier circuit Sig: AC signal Np: Primary winding Ns: secondary winding SW1~SW4: switch Lc: Resonant capacitance Lr: Resonant inductance Lm: Magnetizing inductance Di1~Di4: Diode MCU: main controller LCU1~LCUn,MAS,SLA1~SLAn: local controller 162_1~162_n: Error unit 164_1~164_n: Voltage stabilization control unit 166_1~166_n: superposition unit 182,182_1~182_n: Error unit 184, 184_1~184_n: Voltage stabilization control unit 186, 186_1~186_n: input reference voltage signal generator Sref: output reference signal Serr: output error value CS1, CS2, CS2_1~CS2_n: control signal Vf1~Vfn: Input reference voltage signal Vr1~Vrn: Voltage error value DSG1~DSGn: drive signal generator D1~Dn: drive signal T1, T2, T3, T4: period Vth1, Vth2: Threshold VH, VL: set voltage Vf: Reference voltage 200: Decoupling method S210, S220, S230: Operation
第1圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種直流轉換系統之示意圖。
第2A圖、第2B圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種電源轉換模組之示意圖。
第3圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種直流轉換系統之詳細示意圖。
第4圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種直流轉換系統之詳細示意圖。
第5圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種控制器之示意圖。
第6圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種主控制器和多個本地控制器之示意圖。
第7圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示另一種主控制器和多個本地控制器之示意圖。
第8圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示一種多個本地控制器之示意圖。
第9圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示一種多個本地控制器之示意圖。
第10圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種多個本地控制器之示意圖。
第11圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種多個本地控制器之示意圖。
第12A圖、第12B圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種均壓控制之訊號示意圖。
第13A圖、第13B圖係根據本揭示內容之其他部分實施例繪示另一種直流轉換系統之示意圖。
第14圖係根據本揭示內容之部分實施例繪示一種去耦方法200之流程圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a DC conversion system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating a power conversion module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of a DC conversion system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a detailed schematic diagram of another DC conversion system according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a controller according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a main controller and multiple local controllers according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another main controller and multiple local controllers according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of local controllers according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of local controllers according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another type of multiple local controllers according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another type of multiple local controllers according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are schematic diagrams illustrating a signal of a voltage equalization control according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are schematic diagrams showing another DC conversion system according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a
CON:控制器 CON: Controller
162_1~162_n:誤差單元 162_1~162_n: Error unit
164_1~164_n:穩壓控制單元 164_1~164_n: Voltage stabilization control unit
166_1~166_n:疊加單元 166_1~166_n: superposition unit
182:誤差單元 182: Error Unit
184:穩壓控制單元 184: Voltage stabilization control unit
186:輸入參考電壓訊號產生器 186: Input reference voltage signal generator
Sout:輸出訊號 Sout: output signal
Sref:輸出參考訊號 Sref: output reference signal
Serr:輸出誤差值 Serr: output error value
Vi1~Vin:輸入電壓訊號 Vi1~Vin: Input voltage signal
Vf1~Vfn:輸入參考電壓訊號 Vf1~Vfn: Input reference voltage signal
Vr1~Vrn:電壓誤差值 Vr1~Vrn: Voltage error value
CS1,CS2_1~CS2_n:控制訊號 CS1, CS2_1~CS2_n: control signal
M1~Mn:調制訊號 M1~Mn: Modulation signal
DSG1~DSGn:驅動訊號產生器 DSG1~DSGn: drive signal generator
D1~Dn:驅動訊號 D1~Dn: drive signal
Claims (32)
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CN202010156924.6A CN111697835B (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2020-03-09 | DC conversion system and control method thereof |
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WO1997022174A1 (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-06-19 | Abb Daimler-Benz Transportation (Sweden) Ab | A converter device |
WO2015015885A1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | 株式会社明電舎 | Multilevel power conversion device |
CN205104958U (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2016-03-23 | 恩菲斯能源公司 | A equipment for power transfer |
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CN101345490B (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2012-01-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Control method for full-load input voltage equalizing of input-series-output-parallel combination converter |
US9006930B2 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2015-04-14 | Delta Electronics Inc. | Power supply having converters with serially connected inputs and parallel connected outputs |
CN102013826A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-04-13 | 北京理工大学 | Stable current control method for input-series output-parallel high-frequency link inverter module |
CN103312150B (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2015-11-18 | 东南大学 | A kind of pressure equalizing control method of input series and output parallel combined converter |
CN104518661B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-10-05 | 北京理工大学 | Vertical control method on the distributing of ISOP modularity DC-DC converter |
US9893633B1 (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-02-13 | The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Modular multilevel DC-DC converter and associated method of use |
CN106357109A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-01-25 | 东南大学 | Control method for input and voltage equalizing of ISOP system based on output current feedback |
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WO1997022174A1 (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-06-19 | Abb Daimler-Benz Transportation (Sweden) Ab | A converter device |
US6052293A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 2000-04-18 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Converter device for connection between a single-phase side on a single or multi-phase side |
EP0886912B1 (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 2002-07-24 | Balfour Beatty PLC | A converter device |
CN205104958U (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2016-03-23 | 恩菲斯能源公司 | A equipment for power transfer |
WO2015015885A1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | 株式会社明電舎 | Multilevel power conversion device |
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