TWI719443B - Metal workpiece forming method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A metal workpiece forming method is provided. The metal workpiece forming method includes the following step. First, a motion device is controlled to drive a movement of an extrusion device and a movement of a sintering device relative to a construction plane. A formed material is extruded from the extrusion device on the construction plane according a geometrical path and then an energy beam is adjusted by the sintering device to sinter the formed material on the construction plane to form an object layer. Finally, the object layers are stacked layer by layer to form a metal workpiece. In addition, a metal workpiece forming device is also provided.

Description

Metal workpiece forming method and metal workpiece forming device

The invention relates to a metal workpiece forming method and a metal workpiece forming device.

3D printing (3D printing) technology, or additive manufacturing (AM) technology, is a process that can produce three-dimensional workpieces from 3D models constructed using computer aided design (CAD) and other software .

3D printing technology has a wide range of applications, including industrial design, product verification, medical and aerospace industries. According to different industrial applications, the materials used include plastics, metals, ceramics and other materials. In the early days when plastic materials were still the main materials, metal materials only appeared in the later stages of the development of 3D printing. The value of metal 3D printing does not lie in the speed of manufacturing, but breaks through the limitations of metal modeling. Models that could not be made by CNC subtraction engineering in the past can not only be achieved through metal 3D printing, but the materials of metal 3D printing are quite diverse. , Can be used in prototypes with functional testing, and even as functional components.

At present, metal 3D printing generally includes powder bed melting molding (Powder Bed Fusing, PBF) technology, metal material extrusion technology (Metal Material Extrusion, Metal ME technology or metal injection molding (Metal Injection Molding, MIM) technology. In these metal 3D In printing technology, powder bed melt molding technology has the problems of slow molding speed and large amount of materials; metal material extrusion technology has the problems of complicated post-processing and high shrinkage rate; metal injection molding technology has the problem of too long time.

Therefore, how to improve and provide a "metal workpiece forming method and metal workpiece forming device" to avoid the above-mentioned problems is a problem to be solved in the industry.

The invention provides a metal workpiece forming method and a metal workpiece forming device, so that the metal material extruded and printed can be directly sintered and formed into an object layer, and the extrusion printing and sintering are repeated layer by layer to stack the object layers to form the metal workpiece , This move not only saves materials, doubles the production rate, but also achieves the purpose of compensating for print shrinkage.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a metal workpiece, which includes the following steps: controlling a movement device to drive an extrusion device and a sintering device to move relative to a construction plane; according to a geometric path, the extrusion The device extrudes a molding material on the construction plane; then the sintering device regulates an energy beam to sinter the molding material on the construction plane to form an object layer; and gradually stack the object layers to form a metal workpiece.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a metal workpiece, including the following steps: controlling a movement device to drive an extrusion device and a sintering device to move relative to a construction plane; according to a geometric path, by extrusion The device extrudes a molding material to form a molding layer on the construction plane; the sintering device regulates an energy beam to sinter the molding layer to form an object layer; and stacks the object layers layer by layer to form a metal workpiece.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a metal workpiece forming device, which includes a moving device, a control unit, at least one extrusion device, and a sintering device. The control unit is connected to the movement device, and the control unit is used for controlling the movement device to act according to a geometric path. The extrusion device is connected to the movement device, and the extrusion device is used for extruding a molding material to a construction plane. The sintering device is connected to the movement device, and the sintering device is used for regulating an energy beam to sinter the molding material on the construction plane to form an object layer. The moving device drives the extrusion device and the sintering device to move relative to the construction plane according to the geometric path, gradually stacking layers of objects to form a metal workpiece.

Based on the above, in the metal workpiece forming device and metal workpiece forming method of the present invention, after the extrusion device extrudes the forming material on the construction plane, the sintering device regulates the energy beam to sinter the forming material on the construction plane to form the object Layer, allows the printed metal material to be directly formed, so that the printing is sintered, and the object layers are gradually stacked to form a metal workpiece after the object layer is sintered. This not only saves materials, doubles the production rate, and achieves the The purpose of printing compensation shrinkage.

In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, the following embodiments are specially cited and are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that in the description of each embodiment, the descriptions of the so-called "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are only illustrated in the direction of the drawings. It is not used to limit the present invention. The so-called "first", "second", and "third" are used to describe different elements, and these elements are not limited by such predicates. For convenience and clarity of description, the thickness or size of each element in the drawings is expressed in an exaggerated or omitted or schematic manner, and the size of each element is not exactly its actual size. In addition, in the following embodiments, the same or similar elements will use the same or similar reference numerals.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the metal workpiece forming apparatus of the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structural embodiment of the metal workpiece forming device of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1. The metal workpiece forming apparatus 100 of this embodiment forms a metal workpiece with a 3D structure according to a geometrical path, wherein the geometrical path can be derived from three-dimensional solid model data. (3D physical model data). The metal workpiece forming apparatus 100 of this embodiment includes a control unit 110, a motion device 120, an extrusion device 130, and at least one sintering device 140.

In this embodiment, the control unit 110 is a controller, which can be implemented by hardware (such as integrated circuits, CPU), software (such as program instructions executed by a processor), or a combination thereof. The control unit 110 can be connected to a The computer, according to the metal workpiece to be formed, the user has to manipulate the computer and use computer aided design (CAD) and other related software to construct a three-dimensional solid model data that conforms to the metal workpiece. The control unit 110 receives the three-dimensional solid model data constructed by the computer-aided design, and converts the three-dimensional solid model data into a geometric path. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional structure with a three-dimensional degree is cross-sectionally divided into a plurality of object layers with a two-dimensional plane. It should be noted that the term "geometric path" used here refers to first forming an object layer with a two-dimensional plane, and then forming another object layer with a two-dimensional plane on the object layer, and repeating the formation of each object Layer and stack each object layer by layer, and finally accumulate the path of a complete object with a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure. In this embodiment, the complete object system refers to a metal workpiece.

In this embodiment, the control unit 110 is used to provide a geometric path to the motion device 120. The movement device 120 is connected to the control unit 110, and the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 are respectively connected to the movement device 120. In this configuration, the control unit 110 is used to transmit a signal to the motion device 120. The signal includes the information of the geometric path, and controls the motion device 120 to act according to the geometric path, so that the motion device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device according to the geometric path. The device 140 can move relative to the construction plane 50, where the construction plane 50 is used to carry the metal workpiece.

Please refer to FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the movement device 120 is coupled to the construction plane 50, the extrusion device 130 is connected to the movement device 120, and the sintering device 140 is connected to the movement device 120. The movement device 120 can move in the three-dimensional XYZ direction on the construction plane 50 to drive the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move relative to the construction plane 50.

For example, the exercise device 120 includes a first moving element 122, a second moving element 124, and a third moving element 126. The extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 are respectively disposed on the first moving element 122, and the first moving element 122 can move the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 left and right in the X direction (illustrated in the direction of FIG. 2). The first moving element 122 is connected to the second moving element 124, and the second moving element 124 drives the first moving element 122 to move, so that the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 move back and forth in the Y direction (illustrated in the direction of FIG. 2) In other words, in this embodiment, the first moving element 122 and the second moving element 124 of the moving device 120 enable the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to make a two-dimensional orientation on the construction plane 50 (take FIG. 2 as an example). , The two-dimensional direction is the movement of the X direction and the Y direction), and an object layer with a two-dimensional plane can be produced on the construction plane 50 through the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 according to the aforementioned geometric path. On the other hand, the third moving element 126 is disposed below the construction plane 50, and the third moving element 126 can move the construction plane 50 up and down in the Z direction (taking the direction of FIG. 2 for example), so the third moving element 126 can be used So that each object layer can be superimposed layer by layer in the Z direction to form a complete metal workpiece. It should be noted that this embodiment uses the connection relationship and actions of the first moving element 122, the second moving element 124, and the third moving element 126 in the moving device 120 of FIG. 2 to illustrate that the moving device 120 can construct a plane. The technical feature of moving in three-dimensional XYZ directions on 50 to drive the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move on the construction plane 50, but the present invention does not limit the structure of the moving device 120 described in FIG. 2 and the foregoing description, and can be viewed from the end The actual situation is to improve the components of the exercise device.

In this embodiment, the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 are not arranged at the same position but are arranged separately. As shown in FIG. 2, the position of the sintering device 140 is behind the position of the extrusion device 130 to ensure that the movement device 120 is based on When the geometric path drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move relative to the construction plane 50, the position of the extrusion device 130 is in front of the position of the sintering device 140, and the extrusion device 130 is one of the first on the construction plane 50. An action point P1 is separated from a second action point P2 of the sintering device 140 on the construction plane 50 by a distance D, wherein the distance is 10 mm to 100 mm. Please also refer to FIG. 3A. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the extrusion device and the sintering device of the present invention. The extrusion device 130 is connected to the movement device 120, and the sintering device 140 is connected to the movement device 120. It should be noted that the first point of action P1 refers to the point of action at which the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50; the second point of action P2 refers to the point at which the sintering device 140 regulates the energy beam 142 on the construction plane 50 The point of action is used to sinter the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50, so that the molding material M1 can be sintered. The energy beam 142 includes a laser or an electron beam, and the energy density of the energy beam 142 is 0.01 J/cm ² to 100 J/cm ² , and the energy spot of the energy beam 142 is between 1 μm and 20000 μm. The extrusion device 130 includes a feed port 132 and a discharge port 134. The molding material M1 can be input from the feed port 132 and output from the discharge port 134. The molding material M1 can be a linear material, a powder material or Gel-like material. In addition, the discharge port 134 can be provided with a leveling device to make the extruded molding material M1 smoother.

In this embodiment, the number of the extrusion device 130 is one. The molding material M1 in the extrusion device 130 includes a metal composite material and a support material. The metal composite material includes a metal material and an adhesive. When the material is sintered and melted, it is used for joining, and there is a relationship between the sintering temperature of the metal material and the melting temperature of the metal material: the sintering temperature of the metal material is about 0.3 to 0.5 times the melting temperature of the metal material. Here, for example, the metal materials can be stainless steel 302, stainless steel 303, stainless steel 304, stainless steel 305, stainless steel 308, stainless steel 309, stainless steel 310, stainless steel 316, aluminum alloy AlSi ₁₀ Mg, titanium alloy Ti ₆ Al ₄ V, nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 , The corresponding melting temperatures are respectively: the melting temperature of stainless steel 302 and stainless steel 303 is 1400 ℃ to 1420 ℃; the melting temperature of stainless steel 304 is 1400 ℃ to 1450 ℃; the melting temperature of stainless steel 305, stainless steel 308, stainless steel 309, and stainless steel 310 are 1400 ℃ to 1455 ℃; the melting temperature of stainless steel 316 is 1370 ℃ to 1400 ℃; _{the melting temperature of aluminum alloy AlSi 10} Mg is 570 ℃ to 660 ℃; _{the melting temperature of titanium alloy Ti 6} Al ₄ V is 1650 ℃ to 1660 ℃; The melting temperature of the nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 is 1336 ℃.

In this embodiment, the molding material M1 includes a metal composite material and a support material. The sintering temperature of the metal material is lower than the melting temperature of the metal material. As mentioned above, the melting temperature of the support material is greater than the melting temperature of the metal material to make the sintering When the device 140 regulates the energy beam 142 to sinter the molding material M1, the sintering temperature of the energy beam 142 can first reach the melting temperature of the sintered metal material, but not the melting temperature of the support material, so the energy beam 142 can be used to sinter the molding material. The metal material in M1 is sintered and molded, and the support material is not sintered. The support material can be used as a support for the object formed after the aforementioned metal material is sintered and melted, and the support material can be removed after the subsequent metal workpiece is formed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, this embodiment can set a geometric path, the extrusion device 130 extrudes the support material and the metal composite material separately according to the geometric path, and sets the sintering device 140 to select The energy beam 142 is regulated so that only the metal material in the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50 is sintered during the movement stroke of the sintering device 140 driven by the moving device 120, and the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50 is not sintered Support material.

In addition, in another embodiment, the molding material M1 in the extrusion device 130 only includes a metal composite material, and the metal composite material includes a metal material and an adhesive. In this embodiment, by setting the geometric path, the sintering device 140 can be set to selectively control the energy beam 142 according to the geometric path to locally sinter the metal material in the molding material M1, that is, a part of the metal material will be sintered by the energy beam 142. There is another part of the metal material that will not be sintered by the energy beam 142, and the metal material that has not been sintered by the energy beam 142 can be used as the aforementioned support material to support the object formed by the aforementioned part of the metal material being sintered and melted, and The support material can be removed after the subsequent formation of the metal workpiece.

The number of extrusion devices 130 in this embodiment is illustrated by taking one as an example. However, the present invention does not limit the number of extrusion devices 130. In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3B, FIG. 3B is the extrusion device of the present invention. Schematic diagram of another embodiment of the output device and the sintering device. It should be noted that the sintering device 140 and the movement device 120 of FIG. 3B are similar to the sintering device 140 and the movement device 120 of FIG. Explain the difference. The difference between FIG. 3B and FIG. 3A is that the number of extrusion devices is two, which are the first extrusion device 130A and the second extrusion device 130B respectively. According to the geometric path, it is set to extrude one by the second extrusion device 130B. The support material M21 is on the construction plane 50, and a metal composite material M22 is extruded on the construction plane 50 by the first extrusion device 130A, and the sintering temperature of the energy beam 142 can be set to reach the melting of the metal material in the sintered metal composite material M22 Temperature, but not reaching the melting temperature of the support material M21, so that the sintering temperature of the energy beam 142 can first reach the melting temperature of the sintered metal material, so as to sinter the metal composite material M22 on the construction plane 50 and make the metal material in the molding material M1 The support material M21 that is sintered and formed without being sintered by the energy beam 142 can be used as a support for the object formed after the aforementioned metal material is sintered and melted, and the support material can be removed after the metal workpiece is subsequently formed. Of course, the number of the above-mentioned extrusion devices is two as an example, and the metal composite material and the supporting material are respectively extruded by different extrusion devices. In the embodiment not shown, there may be a plurality of extrusion devices, one of the plurality of extrusion devices includes a metal composite material, and the other of the plurality of extrusion devices includes a support material.

In addition, as in the foregoing example, in other embodiments, by setting the geometric path, the first extrusion device 130A and the second extrusion device 130B respectively extrude the metal composite material M22 and the support material M21 according to the geometric path, and set the sintering The device 140 selectively regulates the energy beam 142 so that the sintering device 140 only sinters the metal composite material M22 on the construction plane 50 during the movement stroke driven by the movement device 120, and does not sinter the support material on the construction plane 50 M21.

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a movement stroke of the extrusion device and the sintering device of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 4A and also FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A. In this embodiment, it can be seen from the foregoing that the movement device 120 can move in the three-dimensional XYZ direction on the construction plane 50 to drive the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move relative to the construction plane 50. The first point of action P1 is It refers to the point of action on the construction plane 50 where the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1; the second point of action P2 refers to the point of action on the construction plane 50 where the sintering device 140 regulates the energy beam 142. Taking FIG. 4A as an example, the movement device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to have a first movement path S11 in a first direction L1. It should be noted that the term "first direction" used here is toward X The positive movement of the direction causes the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move to the right direction (illustrated in the direction of FIG. 4A). At the same time, the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50, and then The energy beam 142 is adjusted by the sintering device 140 to sinter the molding material M1. In other words, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1, the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140 sinters the molding material M1 so that it is located in the first moving path S11 The upper molding material M1 is sintered and molded. Next, reset the movement device 120 to the origin of the first movement path S11, and then drive the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move a stroke in the Y direction, and then have a second movement path S12 in the first direction L1, and repeat the above The extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 and the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140 to sinter the molding material M1, so that the molding material M1 located on the second movement path S12 is sintered and molded, wherein the second movement path S12 is different from the first movement path S12. A moving path S11. By analogy, the movement device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to have a third movement path S13 or multiple movement paths in the first direction L1, and these movement paths form a geometric path forming an object layer. It should be noted that in each movement path described above, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1, the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140 sinters the molding material M1. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the geometric paths of the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 relative to the construction plane 50 can be changed by setting the geometric path. After multiple movement paths such as the first movement path S11, the second movement path S12, and the third movement path S13 extrude the molding material M1, the sintering device 140 repeats the aforementioned first movement path S11, second movement path S12, and second movement path S12. The energy beam 142 sinters the molding material M1 through a plurality of moving paths such as the three moving paths S13.

FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of another movement stroke of the extrusion device and the sintering device of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 4B and also FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A. In this embodiment, the moving device 120 drives the extruding device 130 and the sintering device 140 to have a first movement path S21 in a first direction L1. It should be noted that the term "first direction" used here refers to X The positive movement of the direction causes the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move to the right direction (illustrated in the direction of FIG. 4B). At the same time, the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50, and then The energy beam 142 is controlled by the sintering device 140 to sinter the molding material M1. In other words, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1, the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140 sinters the molding material M1 so that it is located in the first movement path S21. The upper molding material M1 is sintered and molded. Next, the movement device 120 rotates the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to change the position of the sintering device 140 and the extrusion device 130 to ensure that the movement device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 relative to each other according to the geometric path. When moving on the construction plane 50, the position of the extrusion device 130 can still be at the front, that is, the position of the sintering device 140 is behind the position of the extrusion device 130, so that the position of the first point of action P1 is at the position of the second point of action P2 Before. The present invention does not limit the mechanism of how to rotate the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140. For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, it should be noted that the metal workpiece forming device 100 of FIG. 5A is similar to the metal workpiece forming device 100 of FIG. Repeat the explanation, and only the differences will be explained below. The difference between FIG. 5A and FIG. 2 is that the extrusion device 130 includes a feed port 132 and a discharge port 134, and the molding material M1 can be input through the feed port 132 and output through the discharge port 134. The exercise device 120 has a connecting element 121, and the connecting element 121 is connected to the first moving element 122 of the exercise device 120. The extrusion device 130 is fixed to the connecting element 121. The extrusion device 130 has a rotating shaft A1. The sintering device 140 is movably arranged on the connecting element 121. The rotating device drives the rotating shaft A1 so that the sintering device 140 can be relative to the extrusion device 130. The rotating shaft A1 rotates in a direction R. The rotating device is not shown. It can use a rotating device such as a motor or a belt to drive the rotating shaft A1 to rotate to change the position of the sintering device 140 and the extrusion device 130 to ensure the extrusion device 130 When the sintering device 140 moves relative to the construction plane 50, the position of the extrusion device 130 can still be in the front, that is, the position of the sintering device 140 is behind the position of the extrusion device 130. In other embodiments, taking FIG. 5B as an example, it should be noted that the metal workpiece forming device 100 of FIG. 5B is similar to the metal workpiece forming device 100 of FIG. 5A, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and have the same functions. Without repeating the description, only the differences are described below. The difference between FIG. 5B and FIG. 5A is that the motion device 120 has a connecting element 121 and a rotation axis A2. The connecting element 121 is rotatably connected to the first moving element 122 of the motion device 120, and the extrusion device 130 is fixed to the connecting element. 121. The sintering device 140 is fixed to the connecting element 121, and the rotating device drives the rotating shaft A2, so that the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 can rotate in a direction R relative to the rotating shaft A2 of the connecting element 121 in the moving device 120. It can use a rotating device such as a motor or a belt to drive the rotating shaft A2 to change the position of the sintering device 140 and the extrusion device 130 to ensure that the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 move relative to the construction plane 50. The position of the exit device 130 is in front of the position of the sintering device 140.

In this embodiment, the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 are rotated to change the position of the sintering device 140 and the extrusion device 130, so that the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 move relative to the construction plane 50. , The position of the extrusion device 130 is in front of the position of the sintering device 140, in other words, the position of the first point of action P1 is in front of the position of the second point of action P2. Then, the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 are driven to move a stroke in the Y direction to have a second movement path S22, wherein the second movement path S22 is different from the first movement path S21. Of course, in other embodiments, the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 can also be driven to move one stroke in the Y direction to have the second movement path S22, and the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 can be driven to move the third movement path. Before S23, rotate the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to change the position of the sintering device 140 and the extrusion device 130, so that the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 are driven to move the third movement path S23, the extrusion The position of the device 130 is still in front of the position of the sintering device 140. Next, the movement device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to drive the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to have a third movement path S23 in a second direction L2, wherein the third movement path S23 is different from the first movement path S21 and The second movement path S22, it should be noted that the term "second direction" used here is to move in the negative direction of the X direction, so that the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 move to the left (in the direction of FIG. 4B To explain), since the extruding device 130 and the sintering device 140 have been rotated as described above to change the mutual position of the sintering device 140 and the extruding device 130, when the extruding device 130 and the sintering device 140 move to the left direction, the extrusion The position of the ejection device 130 is in front, and the position of the sintering device 140 is behind. In other words, the position of the first point of action P1 is before the position of the second point of action P2. At the same time, the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 at the same time. The energy beam 142 is controlled by the sintering device 140 to sinter the molding material M1. In other words, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1, the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140 sinters the molding material M1, so that The molding material M1 located on the third movement path S23 is sintered and molded. By analogy, the movement device 120 then rotates the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140, and then drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move in the Y direction for a stroke to have a fourth movement path S24, and the subsequent movement device 120 drives it again The extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 have a fifth movement path S25 or a configuration similar to the above-mentioned multiple movement paths toward the first direction L1, and these movement paths form a geometric path forming an object layer. It should be noted that, in each movement path described above, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1, the molding material M1 is sintered by the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the geometric paths of the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 relative to the construction plane 50 can be changed by setting the geometric path. The first movement path S21, the second movement path S22, the third movement path S23, the fourth movement path S24, and the fifth movement path S25 are multiple movement paths after the molding material M1 is extruded, and then the sintering device 140 repeats the aforementioned first movement. A plurality of movement paths such as a movement path S21, a second movement path S22, a third movement path S23, a fourth movement path S24, and a fifth movement path S25 regulate the energy beam 142 to sinter the molding material M1.

In this embodiment, the present invention does not limit the type of the extrusion device. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the extrusion device 41 is a piston extrusion type extrusion device, and the extrusion device 41 It includes a accommodating body 411, a feed port 412, a feed port 413, and a piston element 414. The molding material M1 is, for example, a gel-like material. The molding material M1 is filled into the accommodating body 411 from the feed port 412, and then the piston element 414 is disposed in the accommodating body 411. The piston element 414 is pushed to make the molding material M1 is extruded onto the construction plane 50 outside the discharge port 413. In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6B, the extrusion device 42 is a coil extrusion type extrusion device. The extrusion device 42 includes a housing body 421, a feed port 422, a discharge port 423, A coil element 424 and a pair of pushing elements 425. The molding material M1 is, for example, a wire-shaped material, which is wound into the wire wound element 424. The molding material M1 is rolled out by rotating the coil element 424, and is pushed into the feed port 422 by the pushing element 425, the molding material M1 passes through the containing body 421 and is extruded to the construction plane 50 outside the discharge port 423 on. Or, as shown in FIG. 6C, the extrusion device 43 is a screw extrusion type extrusion device. The extrusion device 43 includes a housing body 431, a feed port 432, a discharge port 433, and a screw element. 434. The molding material M1 is, for example, a powdered material, and the molding material M1 is filled into the containing body 431 through the feed port 432. The screw element 434 is rotatably disposed in the accommodating body 431, and by the rotation and pushing of the screw element 434, the molding material M1 is extruded onto the construction plane 50 outside the discharge port 433.

In addition, please refer to FIG. 7. It should be noted that the extrusion device 42 of FIG. 7 is similar to the extrusion device 42 of FIG. Only explain the differences. The difference between the extrusion device 42 of FIG. 7 and the extrusion device 42 of FIG. 6B is that the extrusion device 42 of FIG. 7 further includes a heating element 150 for heating the metal material in the molding material M1. Of course, the heating element 150 can be arranged in the extrusion device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3B and 5A to 5B, or in the extrusion device 41 shown in FIG. 6A, or in the extrusion device 41 shown in FIG. 6C. In the extrusion device 43.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the metal workpiece forming apparatus of the present invention. Refer to Figure 8. It should be noted that the metal workpiece forming device 200 of FIG. 8 is similar to the metal workpiece forming device 100 of FIG. 2, wherein the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and have the same functions and will not be described repeatedly. Only the differences are described below. The difference between the metal workpiece forming device 200 of FIG. 8 and the metal workpiece forming device 100 of FIG. 2 is: the metal workpiece forming device 200 of FIG. 8 further includes a cavity 160, the sintering device 140 further includes at least one nozzle 144, and an extrusion device 130 further includes a heating element 150 for heating the metal material in the molding material.

In this embodiment, the movement device 120, the extruding device 130, and the sintering device 140 are respectively disposed in the cavity 160, and the cavity 160 provides an environmental condition for an appropriate process. For example, high-active metal materials such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, etc., need to be molded in a certain low-oxygen environment to have a certain structural strength. Taking this embodiment as an example, the nozzle 144 is used to provide a protective gas to form a low-oxygen environment in the cavity 160, wherein the protective gas includes argon, nitrogen, helium, or a combination thereof. Under this configuration, in this embodiment, before the sintering device 140 regulates the energy beam 142, the protective gas is first introduced through the nozzle 144 to form a low-oxygen environment in the cavity 160, and the sintering device 140 is subsequently used to regulate the energy beam 142. The molding material on the construction plane 50, through the establishment of the aforementioned low-oxygen environment, can assist the metal material in the molding material to have a certain structural strength after being sintered and molded.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the metal workpiece forming method of the present invention. Refer to Figure 9. In this embodiment, the metal workpiece forming method S100 can be executed by the metal workpiece forming apparatus 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, for example. The metal workpiece forming method S100 includes the following steps S110 to S140, and please refer to FIGS. 1 to 3A in conjunction. Step S110 is performed to control a movement device 120 to act, to drive an extrusion device 130 and a sintering device 140 to move relative to a construction plane 50. Taking Fig. 1 as an example, according to the metal workpiece to be formed, the user has to control the computer and use computer-aided design and other related software to construct the three-dimensional solid model data of the metal workpiece. The control unit 110 receives the three-dimensional solid model data constructed by the computer-aided design, and converts the three-dimensional solid model data into a geometric path. The control unit 110 is used to transmit a signal to the motion device 120. The signal includes the information of the geometric path, and controls the motion device 120 to act according to the geometric path, so that the motion device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 according to the geometric path. Movement on the plane 50.

Next, proceed to step S120, according to the geometric path, sequentially extrude a molding material M1 on the construction plane 50 by the extrusion device 130, proceed to step S130, and then control an energy beam 142 by the sintering device 140 to sinter on the construction plane 50 The molding material M1 to form an object layer. In the foregoing step S130, the energy beam 142 includes a laser or an electron beam. The step S130 includes the following steps: setting the energy density of the energy beam to be between 0.01 J/cm ² to 100 J/cm ² and setting the energy The energy spot of the beam is between 1 μm and 20000 μm.

In this embodiment, step S120 to step S130 include the following steps: setting the extrusion device 130 to extrude one of the first action points P1 of the molding material on the construction plane 50 and the sintering device 140 to regulate one of the energy beams on the construction plane 50 The second point of action P2 is separated by a distance D, where the distance is 10 mm to 100 mm. It should be noted that the first point of action P1 refers to the point of action at which the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50; the second point of action P2 refers to the point at which the sintering device 140 regulates the energy beam 142 on the construction plane 50 The action point is used to sinter the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50, so that the molding material M1 can be sintered and molded.

In addition, the aforementioned step S120 includes the following steps: using a heating element to heat the molding material M1. As shown in FIG. 7, the metal material in the molding material M1 can be heated by the heating element 150.

In addition, in one embodiment, the molding material M1 includes a metal composite material and a support material. The metal composite material includes a metal material and an adhesive. The steps S120 to S130 include the following steps: using the melting temperature of the support material It is greater than the melting temperature of the metal material; and the metal material in the molding material M1 is sintered by the energy beam 142. Therefore, the sintering temperature of the energy beam 142 can first reach the melting temperature of the sintered metal material, but not the melting temperature of the support material Temperature, it can be sintered by the energy beam 142 and the metal material in the molding material M1 can be molded. The support material is not sintered by the energy beam 142, and the support material can be used as a support for the object formed by the sintering and melting of the aforementioned metal material, and The support material can be removed after the subsequent formation of the metal workpiece. In other embodiments, the steps S120 to S130 include the following steps: by setting the geometric path, the extrusion device 130 is set to extrude the support material and the metal composite material respectively, and the sintering device 140 is set to selectively control the energy beam 142 Therefore, when the sintering device 140 is driven by the moving device 120, only the metal material in the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50 is sintered, and the support material in the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50 is not sintered. Or, in other embodiments, in another embodiment, the molding material M1 in the extrusion device 130 only includes a metal composite material. In this embodiment, by setting the geometric path, the sintering device 140 can be set to selectively control the energy beam 142 according to the geometric path to locally sinter the metal material in the molding material M1, that is, a part of the metal material will be sintered by the energy beam 142. There is another part of the metal material that will not be sintered by the energy beam 142, and the metal material that has not been sintered by the energy beam 142 can be used as the aforementioned support material to support the object formed by the aforementioned part of the metal material being sintered and melted, and The support material can be removed after the subsequent formation of the metal workpiece.

Then, step S140 is performed to gradually stack the object layers to form a metal workpiece. Please refer to FIG. 10 first, which is a schematic diagram of a metal workpiece of the present invention. The metal workpiece 61 includes a first object layer 6a, a second object layer 6b, a third object layer 6c, a fourth object layer 6d, and a fifth object layer 6e, a first object layer 6a, a second object layer 6b, and a third object layer 6c, the fourth object layer 6d, and the fifth object layer 6e are all formed by sintering the molding material M1 from the aforementioned steps S110 to S130, and gradually stacked through step S140 to form the metal workpiece 61. Because of the metal workpiece forming method S100 of this embodiment, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50, the sintering device 140 is then used to control the energy beam 142 to sinter the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50. The object layer is formed so that the metal material is directly formed, so that the printing is sintered, and the first object layer 6a, the second object layer 6b, the third object layer 6c, the fourth object layer 6d, and the second object layer are gradually stacked after the object layer is sintered. Five object layers 6e and other object layers are used to form the metal workpiece 61, which not only saves materials, doubles the generation rate, but also achieves the purpose of printing shrinkage compensation.

In detail, in the aforementioned step S110, the movement device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move relative to the construction plane 50 according to the geometric path, which can be performed as shown in FIG. 4A or FIG. 4B. Furthermore, if the moving stroke shown in FIG. 4B is adopted, step S110 further includes the following steps: rotating the sintering device 140 around the extrusion device 130. As shown in FIG. 5A, the sintering device 140 can rotate in a direction R relative to the rotation axis A1 of the extrusion device 130 to change the position of the sintering device 140 and the extrusion device 130 to ensure that the movement device 120 drives the extrusion according to the geometric path. When the device 130 and the sintering device 140 can move relative to the construction plane 50, the position of the extrusion device 130 can still be in the front, that is, the position of the sintering device 140 is behind the position of the extrusion device 130, so that the first point of action P1 is The position is before the position of the second point of action P2. In another embodiment, the sintering device 140 and the extruding device 130 are rotated relative to the moving device 120. As shown in FIG. 5B, the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 can rotate in a direction R relative to the rotation axis A2 of the connecting element 121 in the movement device 120 to change the position of the sintering device 140 and the extrusion device 130 to ensure extrusion When the device 130 and the sintering device 140 move relative to the construction plane 50, the position of the extrusion device 130 is in front of the position of the sintering device 140.

11A to 11C are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of forming an object layer according to the present invention. Please refer to FIGS. 11A to 11C in conjunction with FIG. 2. In this embodiment, the steps of forming the object layer from step S120 to step S130 include the following steps: as shown in FIG. 11A, the movement device 120 drives the extrusion The device 130 and the sintering device 140 move relative to the construction plane 50, the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50, and then the sintering device 140 regulates the energy beam 142 to sinter the molding material M1, so that the molding material M1 It is sintered and formed into a sintered molded block S1, and a first sintered molded object C1 is further formed on the construction plane 50 (as shown in FIG. 11B). Then, the movement device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move in the Y direction relative to the construction plane 50, and repeat the above steps according to the geometric path to sequentially form the second sintered molded object C2, the third sintered molded object C3, and the second sintered molded object C2. Four sintered molded objects C4 to form the first object layer Ob1 (as shown in FIG. 11B). It can be seen from this that, in this embodiment, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1, the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140 subsequently sinters the molding material M1. Then, the movement device 120 drives the extruding device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move in the Z direction relative to the construction plane 50, so that the fifth sintered molded object C11 of the second layer is established and molded on the first sintered molded object C1. Repeat the steps of extruding the molding material M1 by the extrusion device 130 and then sintering the molding material M1 by the energy beam 142 of the sintering device 140, and gradually stack the object layer Ob1 to form a metal workpiece.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the metal workpiece forming method of the present invention. 13A to 13E are schematic diagrams of another embodiment of forming an object layer according to the present invention. Please refer to Figure 12 and Figures 13A to 13E. In this embodiment, the metal workpiece forming method S200 can be executed by the metal workpiece forming apparatus 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, for example. The metal workpiece forming method S200 includes the following steps S210 to S240, and please refer to FIGS. 13A to 13E for cooperation. Step S210 is performed to control a movement device 120 to act, to drive an extrusion device 130 and a sintering device 140 to move relative to a construction plane 50. This step S210 is similar to the step S110 in FIG. 9, and the foregoing step S110 and related further steps can be referred to without repeating the description. After step S210 is performed, step S220 is then performed, according to a geometric path, the molding material M1 is extruded by the extrusion device 130, so that a molding layer F1 is formed on the construction plane 50. As shown in FIG. 13A, the molding material M1 is extruded by the extrusion device 130. At this time, the sintering device 140 has not sintered the molding material M1, but the molding material M1 is extruded on the construction plane 50 and still has a certain shape. As shown in FIG. 13B, the extruding device 130 and the sintering device 140 are driven to move in the X direction and the Y direction relative to the construction plane 50 through the movement device 120, forming a first molded object C5, a second molded object C6, and a second molded object C5 in sequence. Three molded objects C7, fourth molded objects C8 and other molded objects. The first molded object C5, the second molded object C6, the third molded object C7, and the fourth molded object C8 are based on a geometric path, and the molding material M1 is in the construction plane The molded object of a certain shape formed on the 50, and then forms the first layer of the molded layer F1. Next, proceed to step S230. As shown in FIG. 13C, the sintering device 140 controls the energy beam 142 to sinter the first molded object C5, the second molded object C6, the third molded object C7, and the fourth molded layer F1 of the first layer. A plurality of molded objects such as molded object C8 are formed to form the first object layer Ob1 as shown in FIG. 13D, wherein the first molded object C5, the second molded object C6, the third molded object C7, and the fourth molded object in FIG. 13C are The object C8 is respectively sintered by the sintering device 140 into the first sintered molded object C51, the second sintered molded object C61, the third sintered molded object C71, the fourth sintered molded object C81, the first sintered molded object C51, and the second sintered object of FIG. 13D. The molded object C61, the third sintered molded object C71, and the fourth sintered molded object C81 constitute the first object layer Ob1. It can be seen from this that, in this embodiment, the molding material M1 is first extruded by the extrusion device 130 to form a first layer of molding layer F1, and then the sintering device 140 is used to control the energy beam 142 to sinter the molding layer F1 to form the aforementioned The first object layer Ob1. Then, step S240 is performed to stack the object layer Ob1 layer by layer to form a metal workpiece. In detail, in this embodiment, the movement device 120 drives the extrusion device 130 and the sintering device 140 to move in the Z direction relative to the construction plane 50, so that the second layer forming layer F2 is formed on the first layer forming layer F1. Above (as shown in Figure 13E), in each layer, after extruding the forming layer F1 of the first layer, the forming layer F1 of the first layer is then sintered to form the object layer Ob1 of the first layer. The object layer Ob1 is stacked layer by layer to form a metal workpiece.

14 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the metal workpiece forming method of the present invention. Refer to Figure 14. In this embodiment, the metal workpiece forming method S300 can be executed by, for example, the metal workpiece forming apparatus 200 of FIG. 8. The metal workpiece forming method S300 includes the following steps S310 to S360. Step S310 is performed to configure a cavity 160 so that the movement device 120, the extrusion device 130, and the sintering device 140 are respectively disposed in the cavity 160, and the cavity 160 provides an environmental condition for an appropriate process. Then, step S320 is performed to control a movement device 120 to act, to drive an extrusion device 130 and a sintering device 140 to move relative to a construction plane 50. This step S320 is similar to the step S110 in FIG. 9, and the foregoing step S110 and related further steps can be referred to without repeating the description. Next, proceed to step S330 to pass in a protective gas to form a low-oxygen environment in the cavity 160. As shown in FIG. 8, the sintering device 140 further includes at least one nozzle 144. The nozzle 144 is used to provide a protective gas to form a low-oxygen environment in the cavity 160, wherein the protective gas includes argon, nitrogen, helium, or a combination thereof. Next, proceed to step S340, according to the geometric path, sequentially extrude a molding material M1 on the construction plane 50 from the extrusion device 130, proceed to step S350, and then control an energy beam 142 by the sintering device 140 to sinter on the construction plane 50 The molding material M1 to form an object layer. This step S340 is similar to the step S120 in FIG. 9, and the step S350 is similar to the step S130 in FIG. 9. You can refer to the aforementioned step S120, step S130 and related further steps in FIG. 9 without repeating the description. Then, step S360 is performed to gradually stack the object layers to form a metal workpiece. This step S360 is similar to the step S140 in FIG. 9, and the foregoing step S140 and related further steps can be referred to without repeating the description.

Under this step, since the metal workpiece forming method S300 of this embodiment, after the extrusion device 130 extrudes the molding material M1 on the construction plane 50, the sintering device 140 is then used to control the energy beam 142 to sinter on the construction plane 50. The upper molding material M1 is used to form the object layer, so that the metal material is directly formed, so that the printing is sintered, and the object layer is gradually stacked to form the metal workpiece after the object layer is sintered and formed. This not only saves materials, doubles the production rate, and also It can achieve the purpose of printing compensation for shrinkage. In addition, in this embodiment, before the step S350 of adjusting the energy beam 142 by the sintering device 140, the protective gas is introduced through the nozzle 144 to form a low-oxygen environment in the cavity 160. The establishment of the low-oxygen environment can assist the molding material The metal material in the sintered molding has a certain structural strength.

It should be noted that, in FIG. 14, the molding material M1 is extruded on the construction plane 50 by the extrusion device 130, and then the energy beam 142 is controlled by the sintering device 140 to sinter the molding material. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, step S340 to step S350 in FIG. 14 can be replaced with step S220 and step S230 as shown in FIG. 12, that is, the extrusion device 130 first extrudes the molding material M1 to form the second After the first molding layer F1, the sintering device 140 controls the energy beam 142 to sinter the molding layer F1. The first object layer Ob1 is formed, so that after each layer is extruded to form the first molding layer F1, the first molding layer F1 is sintered to form the first object layer Ob1. The object layer Ob1 is stacked layer by layer to form a metal workpiece.

In summary, in the metal workpiece forming device and metal workpiece forming method of the present invention, after the extrusion device extrudes the forming material on the construction plane, the sintering device regulates the energy beam to sinter the forming material on the construction plane. Forming the object layer, allowing the printed metal material to be directly shaped so that the printing is sintered, and the object layer is gradually stacked after the object layer is sintered to form a metal workpiece. This not only saves materials, doubles the production rate, but also To achieve the purpose of printing compensation for shrinkage.

In addition, in one embodiment, before the energy beam is regulated by the sintering device, the protective gas can be introduced through the nozzle to form a low-oxygen environment in the cavity. The establishment of the low-oxygen environment can assist in the subsequent construction of the energy beam. The metal material in the molding material on the plane has a certain structural strength after being sintered and molded.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to those defined by the attached patent scope.

50: Construction Plan 100, 200: Metal workpiece forming device 110: control unit 120: exercise device 121: connection element 122: The first moving element 124: second moving element 126: The third moving element 130, 41, 42, 43: Extrusion device 130A: The first extrusion device 130B: The second extrusion device 132, 412, 422, 432: feed port 134, 413, 423, 433: discharge port 140: Sintering device 142: Energy Beam 144: Nozzle 150: heating element 160: cavity 411, 421, 431: contain the body 414: Piston element 424: Coil Components 425: Propulsion element 434: Screw element 61: Metal Workpiece 6a: The first object layer 6b: second object layer 6c: third object layer 6d: fourth object layer 6e: fifth object layer A1, A2: Rotation axis C1, C51: The first sintered molded object C2, C61: The second sintered molded object C3, C71: The third sintered molded object C4, C81: Fourth sintered molded object C5: The first molded object C6: The second molded object C7: The third molded object C8: Fourth molded object C11: Fifth sintered molded object D: distance F1, F2: forming layer L1: first direction L2: second direction M1: molding material M21: Support material M22: Metal composite material Ob1: Object layer P1: The first point of action P2: second point of action R: direction S1: Sintered forming block S11, S21: the first moving path S12, S22: second moving path S13, S23: the third moving path S24: Fourth moving path S25: Fifth moving path S100, S200, S300: metal workpiece forming method S110~S140: steps S210~S240: steps S310~S360: steps

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the metal workpiece forming apparatus of the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structural embodiment of the metal workpiece forming device of the present invention. Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the extrusion device and the sintering device of the present invention. Fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the extrusion device and the sintering device of the present invention. 4A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a movement stroke of the extrusion device and the sintering device of the present invention. 4B is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the movement stroke of the extrusion device and the sintering device of the present invention. Fig. 5A is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the present invention being arranged in the sintering device. Fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the present invention being arranged on the moving device. Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the extrusion device of the present invention. Fig. 6B is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the extrusion device of the present invention. Fig. 6C is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the extrusion device of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the heating element of the present invention disposed in the extrusion device. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the metal workpiece forming apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the metal workpiece forming method of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a metal workpiece of the present invention. 11A to 11C are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of forming an object layer according to the present invention. Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the metal workpiece forming method of the present invention. 13A to 13E are schematic diagrams of another embodiment of forming an object layer according to the present invention. 14 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the metal workpiece forming method of the present invention.

S100: Metal workpiece forming method

S110~S140: steps

Claims (25)

A method for forming a metal workpiece includes the following steps: arranging a cavity so that the movement device, the extrusion device and the sintering device are arranged in the cavity; controlling a movement device to actuate to drive an extrusion device and a sintering device to face each other Moving on a construction plane; according to a geometric path, the extrusion device sequentially extrudes a molding material on the construction plane; passing in a protective gas to form a low-oxygen environment in the cavity; and then the sintering The device regulates an energy beam to sinter the molding material on the construction plane to form an object layer, wherein the step of forming the object layer includes the following steps: setting the extrusion device to extrude the object layer on the construction plane A first point of action of the molding material is separated from a second point of action of the sintering device on the construction plane to regulate the energy beam; and the object layers are gradually stacked to form a metal workpiece. A method for forming a metal workpiece includes the following steps: arranging a cavity so that the movement device, the extrusion device and the sintering device are arranged in the cavity; controlling a movement device to actuate to drive an extrusion device and a sintering device to face each other Movement on a construction plane; according to a geometric path, a molding material is extruded by the extrusion device to form a molding layer on the construction plane; a protective gas is introduced to form a low oxygen environment in the cavity ； The sintering device regulates an energy beam to sinter the molding layer to form an object layer, wherein the step of forming the object layer includes the following steps: setting the extrusion device to extrude the molding on the construction plane A first point of action of the material and a second point of action of the sintering device on the construction plane to regulate the energy beam are separated by a distance; and the object layers are stacked one by one to form a metal workpiece. Such as the metal workpiece forming method described in item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the distance is 10mm to 100mm. According to the method for forming a metal workpiece according to item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, the protective gas includes argon, nitrogen, helium, or a combination thereof. The method for forming a metal workpiece as described in item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of driving the extrusion device and the sintering device to move relative to the construction plane includes the following steps: making the sintering device Rotate around the extrusion device. The method for forming a metal workpiece as described in item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of driving the extrusion device and the sintering device to move relative to the construction plane includes the following steps: making the sintering device The extrusion device rotates relative to the movement device. The method for forming a metal workpiece according to item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of controlling the energy beam by the sintering device includes the following steps: setting the energy density of the energy beam to be 0.01 J/cm ² to 100J/cm ² . According to the method for forming a metal workpiece according to item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, the step of adjusting the energy beam by the sintering device includes the following steps: setting the energy spot of the energy beam to be between 1 μm and 20000 μm. According to the method for forming a metal workpiece according to item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, the step of extruding the molding material by the extrusion device includes the following steps: heating the molding material with a heating element. According to the method for forming a metal workpiece as described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the forming material includes a linear material, a powder material or a gel material. The method for forming a metal workpiece according to item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the forming material includes a metal composite material and a support material, the metal composite material includes a metal material and an adhesive, and the sintering The step of adjusting the energy beam by the device to sinter the molding material on the construction plane includes the following steps: the melting temperature of the support material is greater than the melting temperature of the metal material; and the energy beam is sintered and molded The metal material in the material is shaped. The method for forming a metal workpiece according to item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the forming material includes a metal composite material and a support material, the metal composite material includes a metal material and an adhesive, and the sintering The step of adjusting the energy beam by the device to sinter the molding material on the construction plane includes the following steps: according to the geometric path, the sintering device is set to selectively control the energy beam, and only the energy beam on the construction plane is sintered. metallic material. The method for forming a metal workpiece as described in item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the molding material includes a metal composite material, the metal composite material includes a metal material and an adhesive, and the sintering device controls the The step of energy beam sintering the molding material on the construction plane includes the following steps: according to the geometric path, the sintering device is set to selectively control the energy beam to locally sinter the metal material in the molding material. A metal workpiece forming device includes: A movement device; a control unit connected to the movement device, the control unit for controlling the movement device to act according to a geometric path; at least one extrusion device connected to the movement device, the at least one extrusion device for extruding A molding material is produced on a construction plane; a sintering device is connected to the movement device, and the sintering device is used to regulate an energy beam to sinter the molding material on the construction plane to form an object layer; a cavity, in which The movement device, the extrusion device and the sintering device are respectively arranged in the cavity to form a low oxygen environment in the cavity; and at least one nozzle is arranged in the sintering device, and each nozzle is used to provide a protective gas; The movement device drives each of the extrusion device and the sintering device to move relative to the construction plane according to the geometric path, a first point of action of the extrusion device on the construction plane and the sintering device in the construction plane A second point of action on the plane is separated by a distance, and the object layers are gradually stacked to form a metal workpiece. The metal workpiece forming device described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the distance is 10mm to 100mm. The metal workpiece forming device described in claim 14, wherein the extrusion device has a rotating shaft, and a rotating device is used to drive the rotating shaft so that the sintering device can rotate relative to the rotating shaft of the extrusion device , The rotating device includes a motor or a belt. For the metal workpiece forming device described in claim 14, wherein the moving device has a rotating shaft, and a rotating device is used to drive the rotating shaft so that the extrusion device and the sintering device can be relative to the moving device The rotating shaft rotates, and the rotating device includes a motor or a belt. According to the metal workpiece forming device described in claim 14, wherein the extrusion device includes a heating element, and the heating element is used to heat the forming material. The device for forming a metal workpiece according to claim 14, wherein the energy beam includes a laser or an electron beam. The metal workpiece forming device described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the energy density of the energy beam is between 0.01 J/cm ² to 100 ^{J/cm 2} . The metal workpiece forming device described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the energy spot of the energy beam is between 1 μm and 20000 μm. According to the 14th item of the scope of patent application, the metal workpiece forming device, wherein the forming material includes a linear material, a powder material or a gel material. The metal workpiece forming device described in claim 14 wherein the number of the extrusion device is one, the forming material in the extrusion device includes a metal composite material and a support material, and the metal composite material includes a Metal material and an adhesive. The device for forming a metal workpiece according to claim 14, wherein the number of the extrusion device is one, the forming material in the extrusion device includes a metal composite material, and the metal composite material includes a metal material and a metal composite material. Adhesive. The metal workpiece forming device described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the number of the extruding devices is plural, one of the plurality of extruding devices contains a metal composite material in the extrusion device, and the metal composite material includes A metal material and an adhesive, and another extrusion device of the plurality of extrusion devices contains a support material.

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