TWI715544B - Fixture for dental implant and dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of this invention is a fixture for dental implant containing a small groove. The small groove has a first wall provided on a front end side and a second wall provided on a back end side. The first wall is extended so as to leave away from a first reference plane while departing from a first base, and the second wall is extended so as to parallel to the first reference plane, or leave away from a first reference plane while depart from a first base. An angle α formed by the first wall and the first reference plane is larger than an angle β formed by the second wall and the first reference plane. The present invention also provides a dental implant containing the fixture for dental implant.

Description

Roots for dental implants and dental implants

The present invention relates to tooth roots for dental implants and dental implants provided with the tooth roots for dental implants.

In the past, dental implants have been performed by embedding dental implant roots (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "roots") into the alveolar bones of the upper and lower jaw bones to restore the occlusal function, vocal function, and aesthetics. Dental implant surgery (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 2 proposes a configuration in which a thread is provided on the outer periphery and a groove extends along the thread as a tooth root. The root system is constructed in such a way that bone tissue can grow inside the groove extending along the thread.

On the other hand, apatite, which is the main component of bone, is known to have crystallographic anisotropy (for example, refer to Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). For example, the alignment of apatite in the mandible changes according to the position in the mandible (for example, refer to Non-Patent Document 2). Specifically, it is tied close to the edge of the tooth. It has good alignment in the direction of aggravation of chewing, and good alignment in the near-centrifugal direction of the bone system.

Such apatite orientation maintains the original mechanics of the bone Therefore, it is believed that if the apatite alignment is maintained when the bone is regenerated, the bone regeneration will become faster and the long-term bone quality can also be maintained. In particular, by installing structural members, it is desirable to maintain the apatite alignment of the regenerated cortical bone in the rear part of the implant that is susceptible to load.

However, the conventional tooth root system described in Patent Document 2 does not consider the above-mentioned apatite orientation.

[Prior Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 4740139

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent No. 4603893

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent No. 5153626

[Non-Patent Literature]

[Non-Patent Document 1] Yoshihiro Noyama, Takayoshi Nakano, Takuya Ishimoto, Takashi Sakai, Hideki Yoshikawa, "Design and optimization of the oriented groove on the hip implant surface to promote bone microstructure integrity", Bone, 2013, 52, p. 659 -667

[Non-Patent Document 2] Hideki Yoshikawa, Takayuki Nakano, Atsuko Matsuoka, Yoshio Nakajima, aiming at "Future artificial joints-from its history to future prospects -", 1st edition, Japan Medical Museum Co., Ltd., July 2013 1st, p.349-351

One of the subjects of the present invention is to provide dental roots for dental implants and dental implants capable of maintaining the apatite alignment of regenerated cortical bone.

The dental implant root of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with: a cylindrical body part; a large groove part located on the front end side of the body part among the outer peripheral part of the body part; At least one small groove on the rear end side of the main body; the at least one small groove has: a first bottom, a first side wall connected to one end of the first bottom and located on the front end side, connected to the first 1 The other end of the bottom part and the second side wall part located on the side of the rear end part; the first side wall part passes through the first bottom part as it separates from the first bottom part, and is away from the central axis perpendicular to the body part The second side wall extends parallel to the first reference surface, or extends away from the first reference surface as it moves away from the first bottom, and is parallel to the center axis In the cross-sectional view, the angle α formed by the first side wall portion and the first reference surface is larger than the angle β formed by the second side wall portion and the first reference surface.

The dental implant according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the dental implant root of the above-mentioned embodiment and the structural member attached to the rear end of the main body of the dental implant root.

The tooth root for dental implants according to the embodiment of the present invention has the effect of maintaining the apatite alignment of regenerated cortical bone.

1A, 1B, 1C: tooth root

2: body part

3: Big groove

4: Small groove

4A: The first minor groove

4B: The second minor groove

5: Boundary

6: Bevel

10: Dental implant

11: Artificial teeth

12: Bracket

13: Healing Cap

21: Front end

22: rear end

23: Peripheral

31: 2nd bottom

31a, 31b, 41a, 41b: end

32: 3rd side wall part

33: 4th side wall part

37: Location

41: 1st bottom

42: 1st side wall part

43: 2nd side wall part

44: The first connection

45: 2nd connection part

46a, 46b: edge

46a1, 46a2, 49: end

47, 47a: location

61: Long side

100: buried hole

101: Gum

110: Jawbone

111: Alveolar Bone

112: Cortical bone

113: Sponge Bone

231: Front

232: rear

D: groove depth

D3, D4: groove depth

L: Marginal line

L1: first straight line

L2: 2nd line

L42, L43: length

O: Center

S1: Central axis

S2: The first datum plane

S3: 2nd reference plane

S4: Baseline

W: groove width

α, β, γ, δ, θ 1, θ 2: angle

Figure 1 is a side view of a tooth root for dental implants according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the small groove of the root of the dental implant shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the large groove of the root of the dental implant shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the small groove of the root of the dental implant according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the large groove of the root of the dental implant shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a tooth root for dental implants according to a third embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a side view, and (b) is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a large groove and a small groove. In addition, (a) corresponds to a side view viewed from a different angle from the first figure.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged side view showing the rear end side of the main body of the dental implant root shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the boundary between the large groove and the small groove in the root of the dental implant shown in Fig. 6.

Figure 9 is a side view showing a dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 (a) to (c) are schematic explanatory diagrams showing the dental implant implantation operation of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 (a) to (c) are schematic explanatory diagrams showing the dental implant implantation operation of the second embodiment of the present invention.

<Tooth Root for Dental Implant> (First Embodiment)

Hereinafter, the tooth root for dental implants according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

As shown in Fig. 1, the tooth root 1A of the present embodiment is provided with a substantially cylindrical main body 2. The main body 2 has a front end 21 and a rear end 22. The tip portion 21 is a portion located on the spongy bone 113 side of the alveolar bone 111 when the tooth root 1A is embedded in the jaw bone 110 as shown in Figs. 10 (b) and (c) described later. In addition, the rear end portion 22 is a part located on the side of the cortical bone 112 of the alveolar bone 111 when the tooth root 1A is embedded in the jaw bone 110.

The main body 2 further has an outer peripheral portion 23 as shown in FIG. 1. The outer peripheral portion 23 has a front portion 231 located on the front end portion 21 side and a rear portion 232 located on the rear end portion 22 side. The front portion 231 is located at the spongy bone 113 when the tooth root 1A is embedded in the jawbone 110. In addition, the rear portion 232 is located at the cortical bone 112 when the tooth root 1A is embedded in the jaw bone 110. In this embodiment, the area of the front portion 231 is larger than the area of the rear portion 232. In addition, the front portion 231 is formed in a tapered shape with a small diameter from the vicinity of the center portion toward the front end portion 21.

The tooth root 1A of this embodiment further includes: a large groove 3 located in the front portion 231 of the outer peripheral portion 23, and at least 1 small groove 4. In other words, the tooth root 1A of the present embodiment further includes: a large groove 3 located on the front end 21 side of the main body 2 in the outer peripheral portion 23, and at least one located on the rear end 22 side of the main body 2 in the outer peripheral portion 23 Small groove part 4.

The large groove 3 is the so-called body thread. The large groove 3 of this embodiment is located at the front 231 in a spiral shape. In other words, the large groove portion 3 of the present embodiment extends spirally on the tip portion 21 side. According to this structure, the tooth root 1A can be self-tapping screwed into the alveolar bone 111 and simultaneously embedded. In addition, the large groove part 3 of the present embodiment is positioned to cover the entire circumference of the front part 231. Therefore, the large groove part 3 is positioned at the spongy bone 113 when the tooth root 1A is embedded in the alveolar bone 111.

On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 10(b) and (c), the minor groove 4 functions as a part for regenerating the cortical bone 112 in its interior, which is a so-called microthread. The small groove 4 is a portion substantially smaller than the groove width and groove depth of the large groove 3 described above. The so-called groove width means the size of a straight line connecting the edges of the openings of the groove (large groove 3 or small groove 4) that face each other. The groove depth means the dimension of the groove in the direction perpendicular to the central axis S1 of the main body 2. The central axis S1 of the main body 2 is as shown in Fig. 1, and penetrates the shaft between the front end 21 and the rear end 22 of the main body 2, and when the root 1A is rotated, it means the axis that becomes the rotation axis.

The small groove part 4 of this embodiment is located in the rear part 232 in a spiral shape. In other words, the small groove 4 of this embodiment extends spirally on the rear end 22 side. In addition, the small groove 4 of the present embodiment is located to cover the entire circumference of the rear portion 232. The small groove 4 of this embodiment is shown in Figure 2. The first small groove 4A and the second small groove 4B placed apart from each other are so-called double threads. In addition, the number of small grooves 4 is preferably 1 to 4. When the number of small grooves 4 is plural, the structure of the plural small grooves 4 may be the same or different. In this embodiment, the first small groove portion 4A and the second small groove portion 4B have substantially the same structure. Therefore, in the following, the description of the first small groove portion 4A is substituted for the description of the second small groove portion 4B. In addition, the second small groove 4B may be given a symbol to describe the first small groove 4A.

The first small groove portion 4A of this embodiment has a first bottom portion 41, a first side wall portion 42 connected to one end 41a of the first bottom portion 41, and a second side wall portion 43 connected to the other end 41b of the first bottom portion 41. The first bottom portion 41 is a portion including the region with the largest groove depth in the first small groove portion 4A. In addition, the first side wall portion 42 is located on the front end portion 21 side of the main body portion 2, and the second side wall portion 43 is located on the rear end portion 22 side of the main body portion 2. In this embodiment, any one of the first side wall portion 42 and the second side wall portion 43 is flat.

In this embodiment, the first side wall portion 42 extends away from the first bottom portion 41, in other words, as it moves away from the first reference plane S2 from the first bottom portion 41 toward the outer side as indicated by the arrow A . In addition, the second side wall portion 43 extends so as to be away from the first reference plane S2 as it moves away from the first bottom portion 41. Then, in a cross-sectional view parallel to the central axis S1 shown in Figure 2, the angle α of the angle formed by the first side wall portion 42 and the first reference plane S2 is also larger than that formed by the second side wall portion 43 and the first reference plane S2 The angle of the angle β. In other words, the angle α and the angle β have the relationship α>β. According to this structure, the state of apatite alignment can be maintained so that the cortical bone 112 is induced to the inside of the first minor groove 4A and regenerates. Therefore, bone regeneration can be expected to be faster, and bone quality can be maintained over a long period of time.

Here, regarding the relationship between the angle α and the angle β, the following experiment was performed. That is, the root of the tooth was embedded in the tibia of the rabbit, and an in vivo experiment with repeated loads was carried out. Next, analysis of histomorphology based on bone area rate and bone contact rate, and three-dimensional structural analysis using indicators such as BVF, Tb.N, Tb.Th, Tv.Sp, and BMD are performed. Furthermore, the number of bone cells and the apatite orientation in the groove were studied. As a result, compared with the groove of α<β, the amount of new bone is increased and the number of bone cells is also larger. Although the apatite alignment of any related groove is also observed along the sidewall, it is known that α>β is better than α<β from the viewpoint of bone mass and bone quality.

Moreover, the above-mentioned outer side means the direction which is the outer side of the root 1A with respect to the 1st bottom part 41, and the direction opposite to the inner side of the central axis S1 side. The above-mentioned first reference plane S2 means a plane that passes through the first bottom 41 and is perpendicular to the central axis S1 of the main body 2.

Any of the above-mentioned angle α and angle β is an acute angle. The angle α is preferably 40 to 65°, more preferably 45 to 60°. The angle β is preferably 1 to 15°, and more preferably 5 to 10°.

In this embodiment, in the above-mentioned cross-sectional view, among the edges 46a and 46b where the opening 46 of the first small groove 4A faces each other, the edge 46a on the side of the second side wall 43 is convex to the outside. Curvilinear. According to this structure, bone resorption can be inhibited.

In this embodiment, from maintaining the apatite orientation The view that the state causes the cortical bone 112 to be induced to the inside of the first minor groove portion 4A and regenerated has the following configuration. That is, in the cross-sectional view described above, the first connecting portion 44 of the first bottom 41 and the first side wall portion 42 is located on the central axis S1 side than the second connecting portion 45 of the first bottom 41 and the second side wall portion 43. Furthermore, in the cross-sectional view described above, the length L42 of the first side wall portion 42 is greater than the length L43 of the second side wall portion 43. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as described above, the edge 46a of the first small groove 4A has a convex curved shape toward the outside. In the present embodiment, the length L43 of the second side wall portion 43 is determined based on the end portion 46a1 of the edge portion 46a located on the side close to the first bottom portion 41.

In this embodiment, in the above-mentioned cross-sectional view, the first bottom portion 41 has a convex curved shape toward the inner side. According to such a structure, the strength of the first minor groove 4A can be maintained, and the surface area and volume of the first minor groove 4A can be increased. Therefore, the state of apatite alignment can be maintained and many cortical bones 112 can be induced to the first minor groove. The inside of the groove 4A is regenerated. In addition, when the first small groove 4A is cleaned by a cleaning means such as a titanium brush, the tip of the brush easily moves along the shape of the first small groove 4A, so that excellent cleaning performance can be exhibited. In addition, the above-mentioned inner side means the inner side of the tooth root 1A and the center axis S1 side with respect to the first side wall portion 42 and the second side wall portion 43.

The first bottom portion 41 of this embodiment is as described above, and has a convex curved shape toward the inner side in the cross-sectional view described above. However, the curved shape may include, for example, a parabolic shape, an elliptical arc shape, and an arc shape. The first bottom portion 41 of this embodiment has a convex arc shape inward in the cross-sectional view described above. More specifically, the first bottom 41 of the present embodiment has a convex arc shape on the inner side of the center O having the following specific positional relationship.

That is, in the cross-sectional view described above, the first straight line L1 and the second straight line L2 are set as follows.

The first straight line L1: a straight line connecting the edges 46a, 46b facing each other in the opening 46 of the first small groove 4A. In addition, in this embodiment, as described above, the edge 46a of the first small groove 4A is convexly curved toward the outside. In the present embodiment, the first straight line L1 is determined using the end 46a2 of the edge 46a located on the side away from the first bottom 41 as a reference.

The second straight line L2: a straight line passing through the midpoint M of the first straight line L1 and perpendicular to the central axis S1.

With respect to the above-mentioned first straight line L1 and second straight line L2, the center O of the arc of the first bottom 41 has the following positional relationship (i) and (ii).

(i) The center O of the first bottom 41 is located on the side of the central axis S1 than the first straight line L1.

(ii) The center O of the first bottom portion 41 is located on the rear end portion 22 side of the main body portion 2 than the second straight line L2.

According to the above-mentioned structure, among the above-mentioned effects due to the convex curved shape of the first bottom portion 41 toward the inner side, the strength of the first small groove 4A can be maintained while increasing the surface area and volume of the first small groove 4A. effect. In addition, capillaries of several hundred μm can penetrate into the first bottom 41. Therefore, it is expected that the amount of new bone will increase and the contact rate between the bone and the tooth root 1A will increase.

In the above-mentioned cross-sectional view, the groove width W in the opening 46 of the first small groove 4A of the present embodiment is greater than the groove depth D. According to such a configuration, it is easy to maintain the state of apatite alignment and induce the cortical bone 112 to the inside of the first minor groove 4A. Also, in this embodiment, as described above, The edge 46a of the first small groove 4A has a convex curved shape toward the outside. In this embodiment, the groove width W is determined based on the end 46a1 of the edge 46a located on the side close to the first bottom 41 as a reference.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the large groove 3 and the small groove 4 described above have the same structure. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the large groove portion 3 of this embodiment has a second bottom portion 31, a third side wall portion 32 connected to one end 31a of the second bottom portion 31 and located on the front end portion 21 side, and a third side wall portion 32 connected to the first 2 The other end 31b of the bottom portion 31 is located at the fourth side wall portion 33 on the rear end portion 22 side. The third side wall portion 32 is similar to the first side wall portion 42 of the small groove portion 4 and extends so as to move away from the second reference plane S3 perpendicular to the central axis S1 through the second bottom portion 31 as it moves away from the second bottom portion 31. Also, as described above, in this embodiment, the second side wall portion 43 of the small groove portion 4 extends away from the first reference plane S2 as it moves away from the first bottom portion 41, so the fourth side wall portion 33 of the large groove portion 3 It also extends so as to move away from the second reference plane S3 as it moves away from the second bottom portion 31. Then, in a cross-sectional view parallel to the central axis S1 shown in FIG. 3, the angle γ formed by the third side wall portion 32 and the second reference surface S3 is greater than the angle formed by the fourth side wall portion 33 and the second reference surface S3 The angle δ. In other words, the angle γ and the angle δ have a relationship of γ>δ. According to such a configuration, the change in the configuration from the large groove portion 3 to the small groove portion 4 can be reduced, and the implantability of the tooth root 1A when the tooth root 1A is embedded in the alveolar bone 111 can be improved in the order of the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4. As a result, the occurrence of osteonecrosis can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to reduce the hindering factors when the cortical bone 112 is induced into the small groove 4 to regenerate while maintaining the state of apatite alignment. Furthermore, it can promote bone change (remodeling). Also, the structure of Ogobe 3 The formation system is not limited to the structure which is slightly the same as that of the small groove 4 as long as it can exert its function.

In this embodiment, the angle α of the first side wall portion 42 in the small groove portion 4 described above is larger than the angle γ of the third side wall portion 32 in the large groove portion 3. In addition, the angle β of the second side wall portion 43 in the small groove portion 4 and the angle δ of the fourth side wall portion 33 in the large groove portion 3 are the same. That is, in the present embodiment, the angle α and the angle γ have a relationship of α>γ, and the angle β and the angle δ have a relationship of β=δ. According to these configurations, the implantability of the tooth root 1A when the tooth root 1A is embedded in the alveolar bone 111 tends to be improved. In this embodiment, the angle α is set to 50°, the angle β is set to 10°, the angle γ is set to 45°, and the angle δ is set to 10°, but it is not limited to these. The fact that the angle β and the angle δ are the same means that the angles of the two are substantially the same. This point is the same even in the embodiment described later.

The tooth root 1A of the present embodiment described above is preferably manufactured by a layered method. Thereby, the tooth root 1A can be obtained with excellent machining accuracy. In addition, the method of manufacturing the tooth root 1A is not limited to the layered method as long as the tooth root 1A can be obtained. Other manufacturing methods of the tooth root 1A include, for example, cutting.

(Second Embodiment)

Next, the tooth root of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 4 and 5. In addition, in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the same components as those in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 described above may be given the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 4, the second side wall portion 43 in the minor groove portion 4 of the tooth root 1B of this embodiment extends parallel to the first reference plane S2. In other words, in the tooth root 1B of this embodiment, the angle β formed by the above-mentioned second side wall portion 43 and the first reference plane S2 is 0°. Then, the angle α and the angle β have a relationship of α>β. According to such a structure, the cortical bone 112 is easily induced into the small groove 4 while maintaining the apatite orientation. In addition, the second side wall portion 43 only needs to extend substantially parallel to the first reference plane S2.

As shown in FIG. 5, the tooth root 1B in this embodiment has a structure in which the large groove 3 and the small groove 4 are substantially the same. That is, in this embodiment, as described above, the second side wall portion 43 in the small groove portion 4 extends parallel to the first reference plane S2, so the fourth side wall portion 33 in the large groove portion 3 is also parallel to the second reference plane S3. extend. In other words, the angle δ of the angle formed by the fourth side wall portion 33 and the second reference plane S3 is 0°. Then, the angle γ and the angle δ have a relationship of γ>δ. According to this configuration, similar to the first embodiment described above, the change in the configuration from the large groove 3 to the small groove 4 can be reduced, and the tooth root 1B can be raised in the order of the large groove 3 and the small groove 4 so that the tooth root 1B is embedded in the alveolar Implantability at the time of bone 111. As a result, the occurrence of osteonecrosis can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to reduce the hindering factors when the cortical bone 112 is induced into the small groove 4 to regenerate while maintaining the apatite alignment. Furthermore, it can promote bone changes. In addition, the fourth side wall portion 33 may extend substantially parallel to the second reference plane S3.

In the present embodiment, it is the angle α between the first side wall portion 42 in the small groove portion 4 and the angle between the third side wall portion 32 in the large groove portion 3 The degree γ is the same. That is, in this embodiment, the angle α and the angle γ have a relationship of α=γ. According to such a configuration, the implantability of the tooth root 1B when the tooth root 1B is embedded in the alveolar bone 111 tends to be improved. In addition, in this embodiment, one of the angle α and the angle γ is set to 45°, but it is not limited to this.

The other configuration is the same as that of the tooth root 1A of the first embodiment described above, so the description is omitted.

(Third Embodiment)

Next, the tooth root for dental implants according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. In addition, in Figs. 6 to 8, the same components as those in Figs. 1 to 5 described above may be given the same reference numerals, and descriptions may be omitted.

As shown in Fig. 6, the tooth root 1C of the present embodiment is provided with: a large groove 3 located on the front end 21 side of the main body portion 2 in the outer peripheral portion 23, and a large groove portion 3 located on the rear end 22 side of the main body portion 2 in the outer peripheral portion 23 At least one small groove 4.

In the present embodiment, the portion of the outer peripheral portion 23 located in the large groove portion 3 is formed in a tapered shape with a small diameter from the vicinity of the center portion toward the tip portion 21. In addition, the area of the location of the large groove 3 in the outer peripheral portion 23 is larger than the area of the location of the small groove 4.

The small groove portion 4 of this embodiment is a so-called double thread of the first small groove portion 4A and the second small groove portion 4B that are two in number and are placed apart from each other. In the present embodiment, the first small groove 4A and the second small groove 4B have substantially the same configuration.

Here, in this embodiment, both the large groove part 3 and the small groove part 4 extend in a spiral shape. According to such a configuration, the embedding resistance when the tooth root 1C is embedded in the alveolar bone 111 can be reduced.

Also, in this embodiment, in the boundary 5 between the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4, the portion 37 of the large groove portion 3 on the side of the rear end 22 and the portion 37 of the small groove portion 4 on the side of the front end 21 47 parallel to each other. According to this configuration, when the tooth root 1C is embedded in the alveolar bone 111 in the order of the large groove 3 and the small groove 4, the boundary 5 between the large groove 3 and the small groove 4 is gradually switched from the large groove 3 to the small groove. The structure of the groove 4 can surely ensure the embedding resistance when the tooth root 1C is embedded in the alveolar bone 111. In addition, in the boundary portion 5 between the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4, the area of the portion where the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4 are not present in the outer peripheral portion 23 of the main body portion 2 is reduced, so that the root 1C can be embedded in the tooth. The embedded impedance of the groove bone 111. Then, these effects correspond to the effect of spirally extending both the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4 described above, and the effect of easily embedding the tooth root 1C in the alveolar bone 111 can be obtained. As a result, the occurrence of osteonecrosis can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to reduce the hindering factors when the cortical bone 112 is induced into the small groove 4 to regenerate while maintaining the apatite alignment. Furthermore, it can promote bone changes.

In addition, the boundary portion 5 between the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4 is shown in FIG. 6(b), and means to include an end portion 48 located on the side of the front end portion 21 of the small groove portion 4 and an end portion 22 located behind the large groove portion 3. The area of the side end 32. In Fig. 6(b), the line indicating the large groove 3 indicates the second bottom 31 of the large groove 3 (refer to Figs. 3 and 5). This point is the same for the small groove 4. That is, in Fig. 6(b), the line indicating the small groove 4 indicates the first bottom portion 41 of the small groove 4 (refer to Figs. 2 and 4).

The part 37 of the large groove 3 and the part 47 of the small groove 4 are parallel to each other means that the parts 37 and 47 extend side by side. The parts 37 and 47 can also be parallel in a separated state, or in a partially merged state. The so-called partial confluence means that a part of the part 37 and a part of the part 47 merge with each other in the range where the parts 37 and 47 can perform their respective functions. In the present embodiment, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the parts 37 and 47 are partially merged in parallel. According to such a structure, the structure can be smoothly switched from the large groove part 3 to the small groove part 4.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, in the boundary 5 between the large groove 3 and the small groove 4, the part 37 of the large groove 3 and the part 47 of the small groove 4 are parallel to each other in the following state. That is, in the present embodiment, among the parts 47 of the small groove 4, the part 47a with the largest groove depth D4 is located at roughly the center of the boundary 5 between the large groove 3 and the small groove 4, and the parts 37 and 47 are mutually parallel.

In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6(b), a line segment 311 connecting a series of bottom portions, a line segment 312 connecting a portion 37 and an end portion 32, and a line segment 313 connecting a portion 47 and an end portion 48 are shown.

Also, in this embodiment, the angle θ1 formed by the reference line S4 parallel to the central axis S1 and the line segment 312 of the portion 37 of the large groove 3 is greater than the angle θ1 formed by the reference line S4 and the portion 47 of the small groove 4 In the state of the angle θ 2 of the angle formed by the line segment 313, the parts 37 and 47 are parallel to each other. In other words, in this embodiment, the angle θ 1 is greater than the angle θ 2. That is, in this embodiment, the angle θ 1 and the angle θ 2 have a relationship of θ 1>θ 2.

It is preferable that either of the angle θ 1 and the angle θ 2 is an acute angle. According to this structure, the boundary between the large groove 3 and the small groove 4 In 5, the part 37 of the large groove 3 gradually reaches the end 32 on the side of the end 22 behind the large groove 3, and the part 47 of the small groove 4 gradually reaches the part 47a of the largest groove depth D4. The structure is smoothly switched to the small groove 4. The angle θ 1 is preferably 15 to 25°, and the angle θ 2 is preferably 10 to 20°, but it is not limited to these.

In this embodiment, the part 37 of the large groove 3 becomes smaller as the groove depth D3 goes toward the rear end 22 side, and the part 47 of the small groove 4 becomes larger as the groove depth D4 goes toward the rear end 22 side. . Even with this configuration, in the boundary 5 between the large groove 3 and the small groove 4, the part 37 of the large groove 3 gradually reaches the end 32, and the part 47 of the small groove 4 gradually reaches the part where the groove depth D4 is the largest. Because of the structure of 47a, the structure can be smoothly switched from the large groove portion 3 to the small groove portion 4.

On the other hand, the main body 2 of this embodiment further has an oblique angle 6 on the side of the rear end 22. When the tooth root 1C is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the central axis S1, the bevel 6 of the present embodiment has a roughly trapezoidal shape with the front end 21 as the long side 61. The bevel angle 6 is a part exposed from the cortical bone 112 when the tooth root 1C is embedded in the alveolar bone 111 as shown in Fig. 11(c) described later. The above-mentioned long side 61 of the bevel 6 is located at the boundary between the cortical bone 112 and the gum 101 and constitutes the bone margin line L.

Here, in this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7, the end 49 located on the side of the rear end 22 of the small groove 4 is located at the tip of the bone line L located on the side of the rear end 22 of the outer peripheral portion 23. 21 sides. According to such a structure, excellent sealing performance can be exerted and the strength of the tooth root 1C itself can be improved. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the end 49 of the small groove 4 is located near the bone margin line L. According to this structure, the small groove 4 can be fully secured area. As shown in FIG. 6(b), the small groove 4 of this embodiment has a groove depth D4 that decreases toward the end 49 side.

The other configurations are the same as those of the tooth roots 1A and 1B of the first and second embodiments described above, so the description is omitted.

<Dental Implant>

Next, regarding the dental implant according to one embodiment of the present invention, a case where the tooth root 1A of the first embodiment described above is used as an example will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 9.

As shown in Fig. 9, the dental implant 10 of the present embodiment includes the above-mentioned tooth root 1A, and an artificial tooth 11 as a structural member attached to the rear end 22 of the body portion 2 of the tooth root 1A.

The artificial teeth 11 are so-called artificial teeth, and examples thereof include metal, ceramic, hard resin, and the like. The artificial tooth 11 is usually made by order, and is installed at the rear end 22 of the tooth root 1A by a bracket 12. The artificial tooth 11 series may be a single type or a connected type (bridge type). In addition, other artificial teeth can be used as structural members to replace the artificial teeth 11. Other artificial teeth can be, for example, artificial teeth. Examples of the artificial tooth system include so-called dentures such as partial dentures and full dentures. The denture is attached to the rear end 22 of the tooth root 1A with an accessory in a detachable state.

In addition, in the present embodiment, a case where the tooth root 1A is used is described as an example. However, instead of the tooth root 1A, even if the tooth roots 1B and 1C are used, dental implants with the same effect can be obtained.

<Dental implant implant surgery> (First Embodiment)

Next, regarding the dental implant implantation operation of the first embodiment of the present invention, a case where the tooth root 1A of the above-mentioned first embodiment is used as an example will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 10.

First, as shown in FIG. 10(a), the alveolar bone 111 of the gum 101 and the jawbone 110 is drilled with an embedding hole 100. The embedding hole 100 of this embodiment has a shape slightly smaller than that of the tooth root 1A.

Then, as shown in Fig. 10(b), the tooth root 1A is embedded in the perforated embedding hole 100. If the load-free period of several weeks to several months has passed, the internal cortical bone 112 in the minor groove 4 will regenerate. In this embodiment, as described above, the angle α and the angle β of the first side wall portion 42 and the second side wall portion 43 of the minor groove 4 have a relationship of α>β, so the cortical bone is maintained in a state of apatite alignment 112 is induced into the small groove 4 to regenerate. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, rapid bone regeneration can be expected and long-term bone quality can be maintained.

Moreover, in addition to the protective gum 101 during the load-free period, as shown in FIG. 10(b), it is preferable to install the healing cap 13 on the rear end 22. After the root 1A is fixed to the jawbone 110, as shown in Figure 10(c), the healing cap 13 is removed from the rear end 22, and the above-mentioned artificial tooth 11 and other structural components are installed on the rear end 22 as a dental Implant the tooth and complete the treatment.

(Second Embodiment)

Next, regarding the second embodiment of the present invention, the dental implant implant hand The technique is described in detail with reference to Fig. 11, taking the case of using the tooth root 1C of the third embodiment described above as an example. In addition, in Fig. 11, the same reference numerals are sometimes given to the same components as those in Fig. 10 described above, and the description is omitted.

First, as shown in Fig. 11(a), similar to the above-mentioned first embodiment, an embedding hole 100 is drilled in the gum 101 and the alveolar bone 111.

Next, as shown in Fig. 11(b), the tooth root 1C is embedded in the inserted hole 100. In this embodiment, as described above, both the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4 extend spirally, and in the boundary portion 5 between the large groove portion 3 and the small groove portion 4, the large groove portion 3 is located at the rear end portion 22 The side part 37 and the part 47 on the tip 21 side of the small groove part 4 are parallel to each other, and the tooth root 1C can be smoothly embedded in the embedding hole 100 (alveolar bone 111). As a result, the occurrence of osteonecrosis can be suppressed. In addition, maintaining the state of the apatite alignment can reduce the hindering factors when the cortical bone 112 is induced into the small groove 4 to regenerate. Furthermore, it can promote bone changes.

After the root 1C is embedded in the embedding hole 100, as shown in Figure 11(c), the fixation of the root 1C to the jawbone 110 is terminated in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, and the structural member is installed on the rear end 22 As a dental implant, the treatment ends.

In addition, the above-mentioned first and second embodiments are described by using the tooth roots 1A and 1C as an example, but instead of the tooth roots 1A and 1C, the same effect can be obtained even if the tooth root 1B is used.

1A‧‧‧tooth root

2‧‧‧Main body

3‧‧‧Dagou Department

4‧‧‧Xiaogou Department

4A‧‧‧The first small groove

4B‧‧‧The second small groove

21‧‧‧Front end

22‧‧‧Back end

23‧‧‧peripheral

231‧‧‧Front

232‧‧‧rear

S1‧‧‧Central axis

Claims (14)

A tooth root for dental implantation, comprising: a cylindrical body part; a large groove part located on the front end side of the body part among the outer circumference of the body part; and a large groove part located at the rear end of the body part in the outer circumference part At least one small groove portion on the side; wherein the at least one small groove portion has: a first bottom portion, a first side wall portion connected to one end of the first bottom portion and located on the front end side, and a first side wall portion connected to the first bottom portion The other end is located at the second side wall portion of the rear end side; the first side wall portion passes through the first bottom portion as it separates from the first bottom portion, and is away from the first side wall perpendicular to the central axis of the main body portion The second side wall portion extends away from the first reference surface as it separates from the first bottom portion. In a cross-sectional view parallel to the center axis, the first side wall portion is connected to the first reference surface. 1 The angle α of the angle formed by the reference surface is greater than the angle β formed by the second side wall portion and the first reference surface, and among the mutually opposed edges of the at least one small groove portion, it is located in the second The edge part on the side wall part is convexly curved; any one of the aforementioned large groove part and the aforementioned at least one small groove part is present Spiral extension; at the boundary between the large groove portion and the at least one small groove portion, the portion of the large groove portion located on the rear end side and the portion on the front end portion side of the at least one small groove portion mutually Parallel; the aforementioned part of the aforementioned large groove part merges with the aforementioned part of the aforementioned at least one small groove part, and the aforementioned part of the aforementioned large groove part becomes smaller as the groove depth becomes smaller toward the rear end side, and the aforementioned part of the at least one small groove part The groove depth increases toward the rear end side of the portion, and the portion with the largest groove depth in the portion of the small groove portion is located substantially in the center of the boundary portion of the large groove portion and the small groove portion. A tooth root for dental implantation, comprising: a cylindrical body part; a large groove part located on the front end side of the body part among the outer circumference of the body part; and a large groove part located at the rear end of the body part in the outer circumference part At least one small groove portion on the side; wherein the at least one small groove portion has: a first bottom portion, a first side wall portion connected to one end of the first bottom portion and located on the front end side, and a first side wall portion connected to the first bottom portion The other end is located at the second side wall portion on the side of the rear end portion; the first side wall portion passes through the first bottom portion as it separates from the first bottom portion, and is away from the vertical axis of the main body portion The first reference surface extends, the second side wall portion extends parallel to the first reference surface, in a cross-sectional view parallel to the center axis, the angle of the angle formed by the first side wall portion and the first reference surface α is greater than the angle β formed by the second side wall portion and the first reference surface, and among the mutually opposed edges of the at least one small groove portion, the edge portion located on the side of the second side wall portion is Convex curve shape; either of the large groove portion and the at least one small groove portion extends spirally; at the boundary between the large groove portion and the at least one small groove portion, the large groove portion is located on the rear end side The part of the at least one small groove is parallel to the part on the front end side of the at least one small groove; the part of the large groove partly merges with the part of the at least one small groove, and the part of the large groove follows The groove depth becomes smaller toward the rear end side, and the groove depth of the at least one small groove becomes larger toward the rear end side, and the largest groove depth is located in the part of the small groove. A substantially central portion of the boundary portion of the large groove portion and the small groove portion. The tooth root for dental implants as described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein in the cross-sectional view, the length of the first side wall is greater than the length of the second side wall. According to the dental implant root described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, in the cross-sectional view, the first connecting portion of the first bottom portion and the first side wall portion is located more than the first bottom portion and the second Of the side wall The second connecting portion is on the aforementioned central axis side. In the dental implant root described in item 1 or 2, in the cross-sectional view, the first bottom portion is convexly curved toward the inner side of the central axis. The dental implant root described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein in the cross-sectional view, the first bottom part is arc-shaped, and the edges facing each other in the opening of the at least one small groove When the straight line connecting the parts to each other is set as the first straight line, and the straight line perpendicular to the central axis through the midpoint of the first straight line is set as the second straight line, the center of the arc of the first bottom part is located higher than the first straight line. It is further on the central axis side and on the rear end side than the second straight line. In the dental implant root described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, in the cross-sectional view, the groove width of the opening of the at least one small groove is greater than the groove depth. The root for dental implants described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein at least one small groove is separated from each other and placed in the first small groove and the second small groove. The tooth root for dental implants according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the large groove part has: a second bottom part, a third side wall part connected to one end of the second bottom part and located on the front end side, And connected to the other end of the aforementioned second bottom and located at the aforementioned rear end Part side of the fourth side wall part; wherein the third side wall part is extended from the second bottom part and away from the second reference plane perpendicular to the central axis as it moves away from the second bottom part; The side wall portion is: when the second side wall portion extends parallel to the first reference surface, it extends parallel to the second reference surface; as the second side wall portion separates from the first bottom portion, it moves away from the first When the reference surface is extended, it extends away from the second reference surface as it moves away from the second bottom. In a cross-sectional view parallel to the central axis, the third side wall portion and the second reference surface constitute The angle γ of the corner is greater than the angle δ of the corner formed by the fourth side wall portion and the second reference plane. The tooth root for dental implantation as described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, which is composed of a reference line parallel to the aforementioned central axis and a line segment connecting the aforementioned part of the aforementioned major groove and the end of the aforementioned major groove The angle θ 1 of the angle is greater than the angle θ 2 of the angle formed by the reference line and the line segment connecting the at least one small groove portion and the end of the small groove portion. The tooth root for dental implants according to the tenth item of the scope of patent application, wherein any one of the aforementioned angle θ 1 and the aforementioned angle θ 2 is an acute angle. The tooth root for dental implantation as described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the end portion located on the rear end portion side of the at least one minor groove portion is a bone located on the rear end portion side of the outer peripheral portion Frontier The front end side. The dental implant root described in claim 12, wherein the end portion located on the rear end side of the at least one small groove portion is located near the bone margin line. A dental implant is provided with the dental implant root described in any one of the scope of patent application items 1 to 13 and a structural member attached to the rear end of the main body of the dental implant root .

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