TWI706366B - Electric vehicle charging station power management method - Google Patents

Electric vehicle charging station power management method Download PDF

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TWI706366B
TWI706366B TW108129199A TW108129199A TWI706366B TW I706366 B TWI706366 B TW I706366B TW 108129199 A TW108129199 A TW 108129199A TW 108129199 A TW108129199 A TW 108129199A TW I706366 B TWI706366 B TW I706366B
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electric vehicle
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TW202109435A (en
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楊宏澤
廖建棠
馬安 祖
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大陸商萬幫數字能源股份有限公司
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Abstract

一種電動車充電站電能管理方法，適用於管理停放於一充電站之所有電動車的充放電狀態，每一電動車對應於一電動車資訊，該充電站設置有一電能儲存裝置，該電動車充電站電能管理方法藉由一處理單元來實施並包含以下步驟：(A)根據停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、一電價資訊、相關於該電能儲存裝置的電能資訊，及相關於該充電站的一最大供給電功率，該電能資訊包含該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態、一最小荷電狀態與一最大荷電狀態，利用一線性規劃獲得每一電動車在一當前時間點t的一充電電功率或一放電電功率。An electric vehicle charging station electric energy management method is suitable for managing the charging and discharging state of all electric vehicles parked in a charging station. Each electric vehicle corresponds to an electric vehicle information. The charging station is provided with an electric energy storage device, and the electric vehicle is charged. The station electric energy management method is implemented by a processing unit and includes the following steps: (A) According to the electric vehicle information corresponding to each electric vehicle parked in the charging station, an electricity price information, and the electric energy information related to the electric energy storage device , And a maximum supply electric power related to the charging station, the electric energy information includes the state of charge of the electric energy storage device at the previous time point t-1, a minimum state of charge and a maximum state of charge, and each is obtained by a linear programming A charging electric power or a discharging electric power of the electric vehicle at a current time point t.

Description

電動車充電站電能管理方法Electric energy management method for electric vehicle charging station

本發明是有關於一種停車場電能管理方法，特別是指一種用於電動車的電動車充電站電能管理方法。 The invention relates to a parking lot electric energy management method, in particular to an electric vehicle charging station electric energy management method for electric vehicles.

隨著電動車之需求量日益增長，為了因應大量電動車的充電需求對電網所帶來的衝擊，電動車充電站的電能管理以及價格策略是亟待解決的問題。在電動車充電站引進用戶群代表(Aggregator)商業模式，可使電動車充電站不僅只是單純作為電動車充電使用(亦即，Grid-to-vehicle，簡稱G2V)，還可以藉由V2G(Vehicle-to-grid)模式來引導電動車將電能銷售給電網，然而，如何建立電動車充放電策略使得電能銷售的利潤極大化並滿足電動車用戶的充電需求是各界業者與學者致力研究之課題。 With the increasing demand for electric vehicles, in order to cope with the impact of a large number of electric vehicle charging demands on the power grid, the electric energy management and price strategy of electric vehicle charging stations are urgent problems to be solved. The introduction of the user group representative (Aggregator) business model in the electric vehicle charging station enables the electric vehicle charging station not only to be used solely for electric vehicle charging (that is, Grid-to-vehicle, G2V for short), but also to use V2G (Vehicle -to-grid) mode to guide electric vehicles to sell electric energy to the grid. However, how to establish an electric vehicle charging and discharging strategy to maximize the profit of electric vehicle sales and meet the charging needs of electric vehicle users is a topic that industry and scholars from all walks of life are committed to researching.

現有技術如，「An Optimal Charging/Discharging Strategy for Smart Electrical Car Parks」此篇論文所提出之方法係根據電動車的當前的荷電狀態、電價、期望的荷電狀態，及電網需求來建立電動車充放電策略，然而上述方法仍有改良之處。 Existing technologies such as "An Optimal Charging/Discharging Strategy for Smart Electrical Car Parks" the method proposed in this paper is to establish the charging and discharging of electric vehicles based on the current state of charge, electricity price, expected state of charge, and grid demand of electric vehicles. Strategy, but the above method still has improvements.

因此，本發明的目的，即在提供一種同時考量停放於充電站中之所有電動車與設置於充電站之電能儲存裝置的電能需求，以提供更完善之充放電策略的電動車充電站電能管理方法。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle charging station electric energy management that considers the electric energy requirements of all electric vehicles parked in the charging station and the electric energy storage device installed in the charging station at the same time to provide a more complete charging and discharging strategy method.

於是，本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法，適用於管理停放於一充電站之所有電動車的充放電狀態，每一電動車對應於一電動車資訊，每一電動車資訊包含所對應之電動車的一入場時間、一離場時間、入場時的一入場電池荷電狀態、一期望的離場電池荷電狀態、一最小電池荷電狀態，與一最大電池荷電狀態，該充電站設置有一電能儲存裝置，該電動車充電站電能管理方法藉由一處理單元來實施並包含以下步驟：(A)根據停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、介於一停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之一最早入場的電動車所對應之一最早入場時間與停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之一最晚離場的電動車所對應之一最晚離場時間之間的電價資訊、相關於該電能儲存裝置的電能資訊，及相關於該充電站的一最大供給電功率，該電能資訊包含該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態、一最小荷電狀態與一最大荷電狀態，利用一線性規劃獲得每一電動車在一當前時間點t的一充電電功率或一放電電功率。 Therefore, the electric energy management method of the electric vehicle charging station of the present invention is suitable for managing the charging and discharging state of all electric vehicles parked in a charging station. Each electric vehicle corresponds to an electric vehicle information, and each electric vehicle information includes the corresponding electric vehicle information. The charging station is equipped with an electric energy storage device for an entry time, a departure time, an admission battery state of charge at the time of admission, a desired departure battery state of charge, a minimum battery state of charge, and a maximum battery state of charge. , The electric vehicle charging station power management method is implemented by a processing unit and includes the following steps: (A) According to the electric vehicle information corresponding to each electric vehicle parked in the charging station, between a parked at the charging station Between the earliest entry time corresponding to one of the earliest electric vehicles among all electric vehicles and the latest departure time corresponding to one of the latest electric vehicles parked at the charging station Electricity price information of the electric energy storage device, electric energy information related to the electric energy storage device, and a maximum supply electric power related to the charging station. The electric energy information includes the state of charge of the electric energy storage device at the previous time point t-1 and a minimum state of charge With a maximum state of charge, a linear programming is used to obtain a charging electric power or a discharging electric power of each electric vehicle at a current time point t.

本發明的功效在於：藉由該處理單元同時考量該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態、該最小荷電狀態與該最大荷電狀態，及該充電站的最大供給電功率來進行線性規劃，可使所規劃出之充放電策略不僅符合電動車用戶的需求，也使該電能儲存裝置可自電網買電以儲存電能，或提供電能給電網以賣電，更進一步符合充電站業者之需求。 The effect of the present invention is that the processing unit simultaneously considers the state of charge of the electrical energy storage device at the previous time point t-1, the minimum state of charge and the maximum state of charge, and the maximum supply power of the charging station to perform linearization. The planning can make the planned charging and discharging strategy not only meet the needs of electric vehicle users, but also enable the electric energy storage device to buy electricity from the grid to store electricity, or provide electricity to the grid to sell electricity, and further meet the requirements of charging station operators. demand.

1:運算裝置 1: Computing device

11:輸入單元 11: Input unit

12:通訊單元 12: Communication unit

13:處理單元 13: processing unit

201~202:步驟 201~202: steps

301~302:步驟 301~302: steps

401~404:步驟 401~404: steps

801~803:子步驟 801~803: Sub-step

C1:第一期間 C1: The first period

C2:第二期間 C2: Second period

C3:第三期間 C3: The third period

本發明的其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是一方塊圖，說明實施本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法之一第一實施例的一運算裝置；圖2是一流程圖，說明本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法之該第一實施例；圖3是一流程圖，說明本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法之一第二實施例 Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a first embodiment of the electric vehicle charging station power management method of the present invention Computing device; Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the electric vehicle charging station power management method of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the electric vehicle charging station power management method of the present invention

圖4是一流程圖，說明本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法之一第三實施例；圖5是一示意圖，說明對應於一第一優先權重的電價資料；圖6是一示意圖，說明對應於一第二優先權重的電價資料； 圖7是一示意圖，說明對應於一第三優先權重的電價資料；及圖8是一流程圖，說明如何獲得一電動車的一優先權重。 Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a third embodiment of a method for managing electric energy in an electric vehicle charging station of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating electricity price data corresponding to a first priority; Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the corresponding Electricity price information in a second priority; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating electricity price data corresponding to a third priority; and FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating how to obtain a priority of an electric vehicle.

在本發明被詳細描述前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are represented by the same numbers.

參閱圖1與圖2，本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法的一第一實施例適用於管理停放於一充電站之所有電動車(圖未示)的充放電狀態，並藉由一運算裝置1來實施。該充電站設置有一用於儲存電能並與該運算裝置1電連接的電能儲存裝置(圖未示)，與一用於產生電能並與該運算裝置1電連接的太陽能模組(圖未示)。 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the electric energy management method of an electric vehicle charging station of the present invention is suitable for managing the charging and discharging state of all electric vehicles (not shown) parked in a charging station, and a computing device 1 to implement. The charging station is provided with an electric energy storage device (not shown) for storing electric energy and electrically connected with the computing device 1, and a solar module (not shown) for generating electric energy and electrically connected with the computing device 1 .

該運算裝置1包含一輸入單元11、一連接至一通訊網路的通訊單元12，及一電連接該輸入單元11與該通訊單元12的處理單元13。在本實施例中，該運算裝置1例如為一電腦、一伺服器或一智慧型手機等。 The computing device 1 includes an input unit 11, a communication unit 12 connected to a communication network, and a processing unit 13 electrically connected to the input unit 11 and the communication unit 12. In this embodiment, the computing device 1 is, for example, a computer, a server, or a smart phone.

每一電動車對應於一電動車資訊，每一電動車資訊包含所對應之電動車的一入場時間、一離場時間、入場時的一入場電池荷電狀態、一期望的離場電池荷電狀態、一最小電池荷電狀態、一最大電池荷電狀態、一最大的充電電功率、一最大的放電電功率，與一電池劣化成本。 Each electric vehicle corresponds to an electric vehicle information, and each electric vehicle information includes an admission time, an departure time, an admission battery state of charge at the time of admission, an expected departure battery charge state, A minimum battery state of charge, a maximum battery state of charge, a maximum charge power, a maximum discharge power, and a battery degradation cost.

值得一提的是，該電動車資訊中的該入場時間、該離場時間、該入場電池荷電狀態、該離場電池荷電狀態、該最小電池荷電狀態、該最大電池荷電狀態、該最大的充電電功率、該最大的放電電功率，與該電池劣化成本可由所對應之電動車的用戶利用該運算裝置1之輸入單元11進行輸入操作而產生，該入場電池荷電狀態也可藉由裝設於該充電站，並與該運算裝置1電連接的一電量檢測器(圖未示)測量該電動車之電池的荷電狀態後傳送至該運算裝置1而獲得。在其他實施方式中，該電動車資訊也可藉由所對應之電動車的用戶利用其所持有之使用端(圖未示)進行輸入操作而產生後，該使用端將所產生的該電動車資訊經由該通訊網路傳送至該運算裝置1，然並不以此為限。 It is worth mentioning that the admission time, the departure time, the admission battery state of charge, the departure battery charge state, the minimum battery charge state, the maximum battery charge state, and the maximum charge in the electric vehicle information The electric power, the maximum discharge electric power, and the battery degradation cost can be generated by the user of the corresponding electric vehicle using the input unit 11 of the computing device 1 to perform input operations, and the state of charge of the admission battery can also be installed in the charging Station, and a power detector (not shown) electrically connected to the computing device 1 measures the state of charge of the battery of the electric vehicle and transmits it to the computing device 1 to obtain it. In other embodiments, the electric vehicle information can also be generated by the user of the corresponding electric vehicle using the user terminal (not shown in the figure) held by the user to perform input operations, and the user terminal will generate the generated electric vehicle information. The vehicle information is transmitted to the computing device 1 via the communication network, but it is not limited to this.

該電能儲存裝置例如為一儲能系統(Energy Storage System，簡稱ESS)。該電能儲存裝置對應於一電能資訊，該電能資訊包含該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態、一最小荷電狀態與一最大荷電狀態。該太陽能模組例如包含一太陽電池模板，及一用於測量該太陽電池模板所產生之太陽能電功率的檢測計。用戶群代表可將該電能儲存裝置所儲存之電能與該太陽能模組所產生之電能供應給該電網，也可提供給該充電站自行使用。 The electrical energy storage device is, for example, an Energy Storage System (ESS). The electrical energy storage device corresponds to electrical energy information, and the electrical energy information includes a state of charge of the electrical energy storage device at a previous time point t-1, a minimum state of charge, and a maximum state of charge. The solar module includes, for example, a solar cell template and a meter for measuring the solar electric power generated by the solar cell template. The representative of the user group can supply the electric energy stored in the electric energy storage device and the electric energy generated by the solar module to the grid, or provide the charging station for self-use.

值得一提的是，該電能資訊中的該最小荷電狀態與該最大荷電狀態係由一管理者利用該運算裝置1之輸入單元11進行輸入 操作而產生，該電能資訊中之前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態可藉由該電量檢測器(圖未示)測量該電能儲存裝置之荷電狀態後傳送至該運算裝置1而獲得。該太陽能模組的檢測計在測量到該太陽電池模板所產生之太陽能電功率後，即會將所測量到的太陽能電功率傳送至該運算裝置1。 It is worth mentioning that the minimum state of charge and the maximum state of charge in the electrical energy information are input by a manager using the input unit 11 of the computing device 1 It is generated by operation, and the state of charge at the previous time point t-1 in the electric energy information can be obtained by measuring the state of charge of the electric energy storage device by the electric quantity detector (not shown) and transmitting it to the computing device 1. After the detector of the solar module measures the solar electric power generated by the solar cell template, it transmits the measured solar electric power to the computing device 1.

參閱圖1與圖2，本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法的一第一實施例包含以下步驟。 1 and 2, a first embodiment of a method for managing electric energy in an electric vehicle charging station of the present invention includes the following steps.

在步驟201中，該運算裝置1之處理單元13獲得停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、介於一停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之一最早入場的電動車所對應之一最早入場時間與停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之一最晚離場的電動車所對應之一最晚離場時間之間的電價資訊、相關於該電能儲存裝置的電能資訊、該太陽能模組在一當前時間點t所產生的一太陽能電功率，及相關於該充電站的一最大供給電功率。其中，該電價資訊係由一電力公司所提供。 In step 201, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 obtains the electric vehicle information corresponding to each electric vehicle parked in the charging station, and the electric vehicle information of one of the electric vehicles parked in the charging station that is the earliest one of the electric vehicles that enters the field. Electricity price information between one of the earliest entry time corresponding to the vehicle and the latest departure time of one of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station and the latest departure time corresponding to the electric energy storage device Electric energy information, a solar power generated by the solar module at a current time point t, and a maximum supply power related to the charging station. Among them, the electricity price information is provided by a power company.

在步驟202中，該運算裝置1之處理單元13根據每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、該電價資訊、該電能資訊、該充電站的該最大供給電功率，及在該當前時間點t所產生該太陽能電功率，利用一線性規劃，獲得每一電動車在該當前時間點t的一充電電功率或一放電電功率，及該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的一充電 電功率或一放電電功率。其中，該線性規劃的一目標函數可被表示成下列公式(1)，且該目標函數所滿足的該等限制條件如下列限制條件1~限制條件8。 In step 202, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 uses the electric vehicle information corresponding to each electric vehicle, the electricity price information, the electric energy information, the maximum supply power of the charging station, and the current time point t The generated solar electric power uses a linear programming to obtain a charging electric power or a discharging electric power of each electric vehicle at the current time point t, and a charging power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t Electric power or a discharge electric power. Wherein, an objective function of the linear programming can be expressed as the following formula (1), and the restriction conditions satisfied by the objective function are the following restriction conditions 1 to 8.

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-1
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-1

其中，

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-2
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-3
 among them,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-2
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-3

限制條件1：

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-302
Restriction 1:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-302

限制條件2：

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-303
Restriction 2:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-303

限制條件3：

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-58
Restriction 3:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-58

限制條件4：若t<

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-65
或t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-67
，則
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-69
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-70
=0。 Restriction 4: If t<
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-65
Or t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-67
,then
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-69
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-70
=0.

限制條件5：

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-9
Restriction 5:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-9

限制條件6：

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-8
Restriction 6:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-8

限制條件7：

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-11
Restriction 7:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-11

限制條件8：

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-12
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-13
 Restriction 8:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-12
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0008-13

其中，tstart為停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之最早入場的該電動車所對應之該最早入場時間，tend為停放於該充電站之 所有電動車中之最晚離場的該電動車所對應之該最晚離場時間，

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-71
代表該電價資訊在該當前時間點t所指示出的一用電價格，△t代表一單位時間，例如5分鐘，M代表停放於該充電站之所有電動車的數量，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-72
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-73
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-74
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於充電狀態，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-75
<0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-76
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-77
>0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-78
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-79
代表提供給該電能儲存裝置之一預設的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-80
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-81
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-14
，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-82
代表該充電站的該最大供給電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-83
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最大荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-84
代表該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-85
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最小荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-86
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-87
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-88
=0代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-89
代表該電價資訊在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-90
指示出第i台電動車在該當前時間點t進行一放電模式的一意願程度，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-91
表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-92
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於放電狀 態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-93
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-94
代表該太陽能模組在該當前時間點t所能供應給該電網的該太陽能電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-96
代表該太陽能模組在該當前時間點t所產生的太陽能電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-97
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-98
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-99
=0代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-100
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-101
+
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-102
指示出用戶群代表決定供應給該電網的一總電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-103
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-104
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-105
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-106
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-107
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-108
為該目標函數的決策變數，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-109
為一負數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-110
為一正數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-112
代表第i台電動車的該最小電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-113
代表第i台電動車的該最大電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-114
代表第i台電動車入場時的該入場電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-115
代表第i台電動車期望的該離場電池荷電狀態，Capi代表第i台電動車的一滿充容量(Fully Charge Capacity，簡稱FCC)，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-116
代表第i台電動車的該入場時間，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-117
代表第i台電動車的該離場時間。 Among them, t start is the earliest entry time corresponding to the earliest entry of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station, and t end is the latest entry time of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station. The latest departure time for electric vehicles,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-71
Represents the electricity price indicated by the electricity price information at the current time point t, Δt represents a unit time, such as 5 minutes, and M represents the number of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-72
Represents whether the i-th electric vehicle is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-73
=1 means the i-th electric vehicle is in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-74
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the charging state at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-75
<0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-76
Represents the charging power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-77
>0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-78
Represents the discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-79
Represents the preset charging electric power provided to one of the electric energy storage devices,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-80
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-81
Represents the charging electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-14
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-82
Represents the maximum supply power of the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-83
Represents the maximum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-84
Represents the state of charge of the electric energy storage device at the previous time point t-1,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-85
Represents the minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-86
Represents whether the electrical energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-87
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-88
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-89
Represents a selling price indicated by the electricity price information at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-90
Indicates the willingness of the i-th electric vehicle to perform a discharge mode at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-91
Table i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0009-92
=1 means that the i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-93
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-94
Represents the solar power that the solar module can supply to the grid at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-96
Represents the solar power generated by the solar module at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-97
Represents whether the electric energy storage device is in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-98
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-99
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-100
Represents the discharged electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-101
+
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-102
Indicates that the representative of the user group decides to supply a total electric power to the grid,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-103
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-104
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-105
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-106
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-107
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-108
Is the decision variable of the objective function,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-109
Is a negative number, indicating the maximum charging power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-110
Is a positive number, indicating the maximum discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-112
Represents the minimum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-113
Represents the maximum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-114
Represents the state of charge of the admission battery when the i-th electric vehicle enters the venue,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-115
Represents the state of charge of the off-site battery expected by the i-th electric vehicle, and Cap i represents a Fully Charge Capacity (FCC) of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-116
Represents the entry time of the i-th electric car,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-117
Represents the departure time of the i-th electric vehicle.

值得特別說明的是，當

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-15
時，代表該充電站的該最大供給電功率全部都供應給停放於該充電站之電動車，由於充電站需先滿足停放於該充電站之電動車的充電需求，當已滿足停放於該充電站之電動車的充電需求後，還有剩餘的供給電功率時， 才考量將剩餘的供給電功率提供給該電能儲存裝置充電，因此，若該最大供給電功率全部都供應給停放於該充電站之電動車，則
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-118
=0，亦即，不對該電能儲存裝置充電。此外，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-119
-
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-120
=0時，代表該電能儲存裝置已達該最大荷電狀態，亦即，該電能儲存裝置已充滿電，故
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-121
=0。另外，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-122
指示出第i台電動車在該當前時間點t進行該放電模式的該意願程度，在本實施例中，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-123
係根據該電價資訊在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-124
，與第i台電動車的該電池劣化成本BDCi，利用以下公式(2)而獲得，當賣電價格
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-125
越高，則進行該放電模式的該意願程度也隨之越高。然而，在其他實施例中，該意願程度亦可由所對應之電動車的用戶利用該運算裝置1之輸入單元11或其所持有之使用端自行輸入其有無意願讓其所擁有的電動車進行該放電模式，當該意願程度設為0，即代表無意願讓其所擁有的電動車進行該放電模式；當該意願程度設為1，即代表有意願讓其所擁有的電動車進行該放電模式。 It is worth noting that when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0010-15
When the maximum power supply of the charging station is all supplied to the electric vehicles parked at the charging station, since the charging station must first meet the charging requirements of the electric vehicles parked at the charging station, when the charging station has been satisfied After the charging demand of the electric vehicle, when there is remaining supply power, the remaining supply power is considered to be provided to the electric energy storage device for charging. Therefore, if the maximum supply power is all supplied to the electric vehicle parked at the charging station ,then
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-118
=0, that is, the electric energy storage device is not charged. In addition, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-119
-
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-120
=0, it means that the electric energy storage device has reached the maximum state of charge, that is, the electric energy storage device is fully charged, so
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-121
=0. In addition,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-122
Indicates the willingness of the i-th electric vehicle to perform the discharge mode at the current time point t. In this embodiment,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-123
Is based on the electricity price information at the current time point t indicated a selling price
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-124
, And the battery degradation cost BDC i of the i-th electric vehicle, obtained by the following formula (2), when the selling price
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-125
The higher the value, the higher the willingness to perform the discharge mode. However, in other embodiments, the user of the corresponding electric vehicle can use the input unit 11 of the computing device 1 or the user end of the computing device 1 to input whether the user wants to let the electric vehicle he owns. The discharging mode, when the willingness level is set to 0, it means that there is no willingness to let the electric vehicles owned by it perform the discharge mode; when the willingness level is set to 1, it means that there is a willingness to let the electric vehicles owned by it perform the discharge mode mode.

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-16
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-16

此外，

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-126
+
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-127
指示出用戶群代表決定供應給該電網的一總電功率，β與γ之值係由用戶群代表所決定出，(1-β)
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-128
+(1-γ)
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-129
為該電能儲存裝置所儲存之電能與該太陽能模組所產生之電能供應給該電網後剩餘的電功率，剩餘的電功率即可提供給該充電站自行使用。在電動車充電站引進用戶群代表(Aggregator) 之商業模式下，該電能儲存裝置也可藉由在電價便宜時，進行充電，而在電價昂貴時，進行放電以將電能銷售給電網，本發明之第一實施例藉由該處理單元13同時考量每一電動車的電能狀態、該電能儲存裝置的電能儲存狀態，及該太陽能模組所產生之電能，可使所規劃出之充放電策略不僅符合電動車用戶的需求，也可符合充電站業者之需求，達成電動車用戶與充電站業者之雙贏。 In addition,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-126
+
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-127
Indicates that the representative of the user group decides to supply a total electric power to the grid, the values of β and γ are determined by the representative of the user group, (1-β)
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-128
+(1-γ)
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0011-129
After the electric energy stored by the electric energy storage device and the electric energy generated by the solar module are supplied to the grid, the remaining electric power can be provided to the charging station for self-use. Under the business model of introducing a user group representative (Aggregator) in an electric vehicle charging station, the electric energy storage device can also be charged when the electricity price is low, and discharged when the electricity price is high, to sell the electric energy to the grid. The present invention In the first embodiment, the processing unit 13 simultaneously considers the electric energy state of each electric vehicle, the electric energy storage state of the electric energy storage device, and the electric energy generated by the solar module, so that the planned charging and discharging strategy is not only It meets the needs of electric vehicle users and the needs of charging station operators, achieving a win-win situation for both electric vehicle users and charging station operators.

又，值得一提的是，限制條件8之限制式係由以下公式(3)配合限制條件2而推導出。 Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the restriction formula of restriction condition 8 is derived from the following formula (3) in conjunction with restriction condition 2.

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0012-17
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0012-17

參閱圖1與圖3，本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法的一第二實施例大致上是與該第一實施例相同，相同之處不再贅言，其中不同之處在於：該充電站並無設置與該運算裝置1電連接的太陽能模組。因而，在步驟301中，該運算裝置1之處理單元13無須獲得該太陽能模組在該當前時間點t所產生的該太陽能電功率。此外，在步驟302中，該運算裝置1之處理單元13無須根據在該當前時間點t所產生該太陽能電功率來獲得每一電動車在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率，及該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率。故在該第二實施例中所採用的一目標函數中的Cost(t)不會考慮在該當前時間點t所產生該太陽能電功率，該第二實施例中的Cost(t)被表示為以下公式(4)。 1 and 3, a second embodiment of the electric energy management method of an electric vehicle charging station of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the similarities will not be repeated here. The difference is that the charging station is parallel There is no solar module electrically connected to the computing device 1. Therefore, in step 301, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 does not need to obtain the solar electric power generated by the solar module at the current time point t. In addition, in step 302, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 does not need to obtain the charging electric power or the discharging electric power of each electric vehicle at the current time t according to the solar electric power generated at the current time t, and The charging electric power or the discharging electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t. Therefore, Cost(t) in an objective function used in the second embodiment does not consider the solar power generated at the current time point t. Cost(t) in the second embodiment is expressed as Formula (4).

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0013-18
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0013-18

其中，

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0013-130
指示出用戶群代表決定供應給該電網的一總電功率。 among them,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0013-130
It indicates that the representative of the user group decides to supply a total electric power to the grid.

參閱圖1與圖4，本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法的一第三實施例大致上是與該第二實施例相同，相同之處不再贅言，其中不同之處在於：該運算裝置1之處理單元13更進一步考量了每一台電動車充電的優先權重，而該電價資訊包含多筆分別對應不同優先權重的電價資料，及一筆對應於該電能儲存裝置的電價資料。因而，在步驟401中，該運算裝置1之處理單元13所獲得的該電價資訊包含多筆分別對應不同優先權重的電價資料，及一筆對應於該電能儲存裝置的電價資料。此外，該第三實施例還包含了一優先權重計算步驟，而在獲得每一電動車在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率，及該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率時，該運算裝置1之處理單元13還根據每一台電動車所對應之優先權重所對應的電價資料來獲得。 1 and 4, a third embodiment of the method for managing electric energy in an electric vehicle charging station of the present invention is substantially the same as the second embodiment, and the similarities will not be repeated here. The difference lies in: the computing device 1 The processing unit 13 further considers the priority weight of each electric vehicle charging, and the electricity price information includes multiple pieces of electricity price data corresponding to different priority weights, and one piece of electricity price data corresponding to the electric energy storage device. Therefore, in step 401, the electricity price information obtained by the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 includes a plurality of electricity price data corresponding to different priority weights, and a piece of electricity price data corresponding to the electric energy storage device. In addition, the third embodiment also includes a priority calculation step, and the charging electric power or the discharging electric power of each electric vehicle at the current time point t, and the electric energy storage device at the current time point t are obtained. In the case of the charging electric power or the discharging electric power, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 also obtains it according to the electricity price data corresponding to the priority weight corresponding to each electric vehicle.

值得特別說明的是，該電價資訊係藉由將由該電力公司所提供的電價資料進行調整而獲得，在本實施例中，對應於該電能儲存裝置的該電價資料為該電力公司所提供的原始電價資料，而對 應不同優先權重的電價資料係藉由調整該電力公司所提供的原始電價資料而獲得，圖5示例出對應於一第一優先權重的電價資料，圖6示例出對應於一第二優先權重的電價資料，圖7示例出對應於一第三優先權重的電價資料。比較不同優先權重所對應的電價資料可知，對應於該第一優先權重的電價資料在一第一期間C1、一第二期間C2與一第三期間C3之初期的價格最低，而在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之中期的價格相對於初期的價格較高，且在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之末期的價格最高；對應於該第二優先權重的電價資料在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之中期的價格最低，而在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之初期與末期的價格相對於中期的價格較高；對應於該第三優先權重的電價資料在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之初期的價格最高，而在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之中期的價格相對於初期的價格較低，且在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之末期的價格最低。 It is worth noting that the electricity price information is obtained by adjusting the electricity price information provided by the power company. In this embodiment, the electricity price information corresponding to the electrical energy storage device is the original price information provided by the power company. Electricity price information, and right The electricity price data with different priority weights are obtained by adjusting the original electricity price data provided by the power company. Figure 5 illustrates the electricity price data corresponding to a first priority weight, and Figure 6 illustrates the electricity price data corresponding to a second priority weight. Electricity price data. Figure 7 illustrates electricity price data corresponding to a third priority. Comparing the electricity price data corresponding to different priority weights, it can be seen that the electricity price data corresponding to the first priority weight has the lowest price at the beginning of a first period C1, a second period C2, and a third period C3. The price in the middle of the period C1, the second period C2 and the third period C3 is higher than the initial price, and the price is the highest in the last period of the first period C1, the second period C2 and the third period C3 ; The electricity price data corresponding to the second priority weight has the lowest price in the middle of the first period C1, the second period C2 and the third period C3, and the price in the first period C1, the second period C2 and the The prices in the initial and final periods of the third period C3 are higher than the prices in the mid-term; the prices of the electricity price data corresponding to the third priority weight in the first period C1, the second period C2 and the third period C3 The price in the middle period of the first period C1, the second period C2 and the third period C3 is lower than the initial price, and in the first period C1, the second period C2 and the third period The price at the end of period C3 is the lowest.

該優先權重計算步驟如步驟402所示，在步驟402中，對於停放於該充電站內的每一台電動車，該運算裝置1之處理單元13根據該電動車所對應之電動車資訊，獲得該電動車的一優先權重。 The priority calculation step is shown in step 402. In step 402, for each electric vehicle parked in the charging station, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 obtains the electric vehicle information corresponding to the electric vehicle. A priority for electric vehicles.

值得一提的是，參閱圖1與圖8，步驟402包含以下子步 驟。 It is worth mentioning that, referring to Figures 1 and 8, step 402 includes the following sub-steps Sudden.

在子步驟801中，該處理單元13根據第i台電動車所對應之電動車資訊中的該入場電池荷電狀態

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-131
、該離場電池荷電狀態
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-132
、該入場時間
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-133
與該離場時間
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-134
利用以下公式(5)獲得第i台電動車的優先數值πi，i=1~M。 In sub-step 801, the processing unit 13 is based on the state of charge of the admission battery in the electric vehicle information corresponding to the i-th electric vehicle
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-131
, The state of charge of the off-site battery
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-132
, The admission time
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-133
And the departure time
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-134
Use the following formula (5) to obtain the priority value π i of the i-th electric vehicle, i=1~M.

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-19
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0015-19

在子步驟802中，該處理單元13根據每一台電動車的優先數值獲得每一台電動車的優先排序。其中若優先數值越大，則優先排序越優先。 In sub-step 802, the processing unit 13 obtains the priority ranking of each electric vehicle according to the priority value of each electric vehicle. Among them, if the priority value is larger, the priority order is higher.

在子步驟803中，該處理單元13根據每一台電動車的優先排序獲得每一台電動車的優先權重。在本實施例中，該處理單元13係將對應有優先順位為3的倍數+1之順位的電動車(如，第1、4、7...等順位的電動車)之優先權重設為1，並將對應有優先順位為3的倍數+2之順位的電動車(如，第2、5、8...等順位的電動車)之優先權重設為2，且將對應有優先順位為3的倍數之順位的電動車(如，第3、6、9...等順位的電動車)之優先權重設為3。 In sub-step 803, the processing unit 13 obtains the priority weight of each electric vehicle according to the priority of each electric vehicle. In this embodiment, the processing unit 13 sets the priority weights of the electric vehicles corresponding to the priority of a multiple of 3 + 1 (for example, the electric vehicles of the first, fourth, seventh... etc.) 1. Set the priority weight corresponding to the electric vehicles with a multiple of 3 + 2 (for example, electric vehicles with the second, fifth, eighth... etc.) priority to 2, and the corresponding priority will be given The priority weight of the electric vehicles in the order that is a multiple of 3 (for example, the electric vehicles in the 3rd, 6th, 9th...etc. order) is set to 3.

接著，繼續參閱圖1與圖4，在步驟403中，該運算裝置1之處理單元13根據停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之優先權重，獲得每一台電動車所對應之電價資料。 1 and 4, in step 403, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 obtains the electricity price corresponding to each electric vehicle according to the priority weight corresponding to each electric vehicle parked in the charging station data.

最後，在步驟404中，該運算裝置1之處理單元13根據停 放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、介於該最早入場時間與該最晚離場時間之間之每一台電動車所對應的電價資料、該電能資訊、對應於該電能儲存裝置且介於該最早入場時間與該最晚離場時間之間的該電價資料，及該充電站的該最大供給電功率，利用該線性規劃獲得每一電動車在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率，及該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率。其中，在該第三實施例中所採用的一目標函數中的Cost(t)大致上於該第二實施例中所採用的目標函數中的Cost(t)相同，其差別在於，不同優先權重的電動車，所對應的電價資料也隨之不同，該第三實施例中的目標函數中的Cost(t)可被表示成下列公式(6)，且該目標函數所滿足的該等限制條件如與第一及第二實施例的限制條件1~限制條件8相同。 Finally, in step 404, the processing unit 13 of the computing device 1 stops The electric vehicle information corresponding to each electric vehicle placed in the charging station, the electricity price data corresponding to each electric vehicle between the earliest admission time and the latest departure time, the electric energy information, and the corresponding The electric energy storage device and the electricity price data between the earliest entry time and the latest departure time, and the maximum supply power of the charging station, are used to obtain each electric vehicle at the current time point t The charging electric power or the discharging electric power of, and the charging electric power or the discharging electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t. Wherein, the Cost(t) in an objective function used in the third embodiment is roughly the same as the Cost(t) in the objective function used in the second embodiment, and the difference is that the priority is different The electricity price data corresponding to the electric vehicle is also different. The Cost(t) in the objective function in the third embodiment can be expressed as the following formula (6), and the objective function meets the constraints It is the same as the restriction conditions 1 to 8 in the first and second embodiments.

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-20
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-20

其中，

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-135
代表第i台電動車之電價資料在該當前時間點t所指示出的一用電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-136
代表該電能儲存裝置之電價資料在該當前時間點t所指示出的一用電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-137
代表第i台電動車之電價資料在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-138
代表該電能儲存裝置之電價資料在該當前時間點 t所指示出的一賣電價格。 among them,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-135
Represents an electricity price indicated by the electricity price data of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-136
Represents an electricity price indicated by the electricity price data of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-137
Represents a selling price indicated by the electricity price data of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0016-138
Represents a selling price indicated by the electricity price data of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t.

由於不同優先權重的對電動車所對應的電價資料也隨之不同，在進行線性規劃時，為了使

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0017-139
Cost(t)的值最小化，對應有第一優先權重的電動車，由於其電價資料指示出其在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之初期的充電價格最低，故其線性規劃結果會盡可能讓對應有第一優先權重的電動車在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之初期充電。類似地，對應有第二優先權重的電動車，由於其電價資料指示出其在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之中期的充電價格最低，故其線性規劃結果會盡可能讓對應有第二優先權重的電動車在該第一期間C1、該第二期間C2與該第三期間C3之中期充電，以此類推。如此一來，理想上，對應有第一優先權重的電動車享有最先充電之優勢，對應有第三優先權重的電動車會最晚充電，將電動車分成不同優先權而錯開電動車的充電時期可使得該充電站所能提供的該最大供給電功率在每一時期都盡可能滿足停放於該充電站之所有電動車的充電需求，以避免所有電動車都集中在某一特定時期進行充電，因而導致該充電站所能提供的該最大供給電功率無法支援欲在該特定時期充電之電動車的充電需求。 Since the electricity price data corresponding to electric vehicles with different priority weights are also different, in the linear programming, in order to make
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0017-139
The value of Cost(t) is minimized, corresponding to the electric vehicle with the first priority, because its electricity price data indicates that the charging price is the lowest in the initial period of the first period C1, the second period C2 and the third period C3 Therefore, the linear programming result will try to allow the electric vehicle corresponding to the first priority to be charged in the first period C1, the second period C2, and the third period C3. Similarly, for the electric vehicle corresponding to the second priority weight, since its electricity price data indicates that the charging price is the lowest in the first period C1, the second period C2, and the third period C3, the linear programming result is As far as possible, the electric vehicle corresponding to the second priority will be charged in the middle of the first period C1, the second period C2, and the third period C3, and so on. In this way, ideally, electric vehicles with the first priority will enjoy the advantage of being charged first, and the electric vehicles with the third priority will be charged at the latest. The electric vehicles are divided into different priorities and the charging of electric vehicles is staggered. The period can make the maximum supply power provided by the charging station meet the charging demand of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station as much as possible in each period, so as to avoid all electric vehicles being charged in a specific period. As a result, the maximum supply electric power that the charging station can provide cannot support the charging demand of the electric vehicle to be charged in the specific period.

綜上所述，本發明電動車充電站電能管理方法，藉由該處理單元13同時考量該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀 態、該最小荷電狀態與該最大荷電狀態，及該充電站的最大供給電功率來進行線性規劃，可使所規劃出之充放電策略不僅符合電動車用戶的需求，也使該電能儲存裝置可自電網買電以儲存電能，或提供電能給電網以賣電，更進一步符合充電站業者之需求，且所規劃出之

Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0018-140
Cost(t)的值近似或等同一最小值，而能在滿足該充電站的最大供給電功率的條件下，使每一電動車與該電能儲存裝置盡量在電價低時充電，而在電價高時放電，以讓電動車用戶與充電站業者的獲利最大化，故確實能達成本發明的目的。 In summary, the electric vehicle charging station electric energy management method of the present invention simultaneously considers the state of charge of the electric energy storage device at the previous time point t-1, the minimum state of charge, and the maximum state of charge through the processing unit 13, and The maximum supply power of the charging station is linearly planned, so that the planned charging and discharging strategy not only meets the needs of electric vehicle users, but also allows the electric energy storage device to buy electricity from the grid to store electricity, or provide electricity to the grid Selling electricity further meets the needs of the charging station industry, and the planned
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0018-140
The value of Cost(t) is approximately or equal to the same minimum value, and under the condition that the maximum supply power of the charging station is satisfied, each electric vehicle and the electric energy storage device can be charged as far as possible when the electricity price is low, and when the electricity price is high Discharging in order to maximize the profits of electric vehicle users and charging station operators, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明的實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施的範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作的簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍內。 However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to Within the scope of the patent for the present invention.

201~202:步驟 201~202: steps

Claims (10)

一種電動車充電站電能管理方法，適用於管理停放於一充電站之所有電動車的充放電狀態，每一電動車對應於一電動車資訊，每一電動車資訊包含所對應之電動車的一入場時間、一離場時間、入場時的一入場電池荷電狀態、一期望的離場電池荷電狀態、一最小電池荷電狀態，與一最大電池荷電狀態，該充電站設置有一電能儲存裝置，該電動車充電站電能管理方法藉由一處理單元來實施並包含以下步驟：(A)根據停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、介於一停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之一最早入場的電動車所對應之一最早入場時間與停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之一最晚離場的電動車所對應之一最晚離場時間之間的電價資訊、相關於該電能儲存裝置的電能資訊，及相關於該充電站的一最大供給電功率，該電能資訊包含該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態、一最小荷電狀態與一最大荷電狀態，利用一線性規劃獲得每一電動車在一當前時間點t的一充電電功率或一放電電功率。 An electric vehicle charging station power management method is suitable for managing the charging and discharging state of all electric vehicles parked in a charging station. Each electric vehicle corresponds to an electric vehicle information, and each electric vehicle information includes a corresponding electric vehicle information. Admission time, a departure time, an admission battery state of charge at the time of admission, a desired departure battery state of charge, a minimum battery state of charge, and a maximum battery state of charge. The charging station is equipped with an electric energy storage device, the electric The electric energy management method of a vehicle charging station is implemented by a processing unit and includes the following steps: (A) According to the electric vehicle information corresponding to each electric vehicle parked in the charging station, it is between all electric vehicles parked in the charging station. Electricity price information between the earliest entry time of one of the electric vehicles that entered the car at the earliest and the latest departure time of one of the electric vehicles parked at the charging station , Electrical energy information related to the electrical energy storage device, and a maximum supply electrical power related to the charging station, the electrical energy information including the state of charge of the electrical energy storage device at the previous time point t-1, a minimum state of charge, and a maximum For the state of charge, a linear program is used to obtain a charging electric power or a discharging electric power of each electric vehicle at a current time point t. 如請求項1所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，其中，在該步驟(A)中，該處理單元還利用該線性規劃進一步獲得該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的一充電電功率或一放電電功率。 The electric vehicle charging station electric energy management method according to claim 1, wherein, in the step (A), the processing unit further uses the linear programming to further obtain a charging electric power or a charging electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t One discharge electric power. 如請求項1所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，每一電動 車資訊包含所對應之電動車的一最大的充電電功率與一最大的放電電功率，其中，在該步驟(A)中，該線性規劃的一目標函數及該目標函數所滿足的多個限制條件，可被表示為：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-23
 限制條件1：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-141
限制條件2：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-142
限制條件3：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-24
限制條件4：若t<
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-144
或t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-145
，則
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-146
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-147
=0， 限制條件5：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-60
限制條件6：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-26
限制條件7：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-61
限制條件8：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-59
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-31
 其中，tstart為停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之最早入場的該電動車所對應之該最早入場時間，tend為停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之最晚離場的該電動車所對應之該最晚離場時間，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-148
代表該電價資訊在該當前時間 點t所指示出的一用電價格，△t代表一單位時間，M代表停放於該充電站之所有電動車的數量，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-149
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-150
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-151
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於充電狀態，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-152
<0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-153
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-155
>0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-156
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-157
代表提供給該電能儲存裝置之一預設的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-158
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-159
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-32
，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-160
代表該充電站的該最大供給電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-161
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最大荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-162
代表該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-163
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最小荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-164
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-165
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-166
=0代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-167
代表該電價資訊在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-168
指示出第i台電動車在該當前時間點t進行一放電模式的一意願程度，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-169
表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-170
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-171
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-172
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-173
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-174
=0代 表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-175
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-176
指示出用戶群代表決定供應給一電網的一總電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-177
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-178
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-179
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-180
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-181
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-182
為該目標函數的決策變數，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-183
為一負數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-184
為一正數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-185
代表第i台電動車的該最小電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-186
代表第i台電動車的該最大電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-187
代表第i台電動車入場時的該入場電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-188
代表第i台電動車期望的該離場電池荷電狀態，Capi代表第i台電動車的一滿充容量，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-189
代表第i台電動車的該入場時間，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-190
代表第i台電動車的該離場時間。 As described in claim 1, in the electric vehicle charging station power management method, each electric vehicle information includes a maximum charging electric power and a maximum discharging electric power of the corresponding electric vehicle, wherein, in the step (A), the An objective function of linear programming and multiple constraints that the objective function satisfies can be expressed as:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-23
 Restriction 1:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-141
Restriction 2:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-142
Restriction 3:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-24
Restriction 4: If t<
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-144
Or t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-145
,then
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-146
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-147
=0, restriction 5:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-60
Restriction 6:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-26
Restriction 7:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-61
Restriction 8:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-59
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-31
 Among them, t start is the earliest entry time corresponding to the earliest entry of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station, and t end is the latest entry time of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station. The latest departure time for electric vehicles,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0021-148
Represents the electricity price indicated by the electricity price information at the current time point t, △t represents a unit time, and M represents the number of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-149
Represents whether the i-th electric vehicle is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-150
=1 means the i-th electric vehicle is in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-151
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the charging state at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-152
<0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-153
Represents the charging power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-155
>0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-156
Represents the discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-157
Represents the preset charging electric power provided to one of the electric energy storage devices,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-158
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-159
Represents the charging electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-32
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-160
Represents the maximum supply power of the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-161
Represents the maximum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-162
Represents the state of charge of the electric energy storage device at the previous time point t-1,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-163
Represents the minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-164
Represents whether the electrical energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-165
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-166
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-167
Represents a selling price indicated by the electricity price information at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-168
Indicates the willingness of the i-th electric vehicle to perform a discharge mode at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-169
Table i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-170
=1 means that the i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-171
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-172
Represents whether the electric energy storage device is in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-173
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0022-174
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-175
Represents the discharged electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-176
Indicates that the representative of the user group decides to supply a total electric power to a grid,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-177
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-178
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-179
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-180
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-181
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-182
Is the decision variable of the objective function,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-183
Is a negative number, indicating the maximum charging power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-184
Is a positive number, indicating the maximum discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-185
Represents the minimum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-186
Represents the maximum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-187
Represents the state of charge of the admission battery when the i-th electric vehicle enters the venue,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-188
Represents the state of charge of the off-site battery expected by the i-th electric vehicle, Cap i represents a full charge capacity of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-189
Represents the entry time of the i-th electric car,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-190
Represents the departure time of the i-th electric vehicle. 如請求項3所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，每一電動車資訊包含一電池劣化成本，其中，在該步驟(A)中，第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的該意願程度
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-191
係根據該電價資訊在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-192
，與第i台電動車的該電池劣化成本BDCi，利用以下公式而獲得：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-33
 As described in claim 3, in the electric vehicle charging station power management method, each electric vehicle information includes a battery degradation cost, wherein, in the step (A), the willingness of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t degree
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-191
Is based on the electricity price information at the current time point t indicated a selling price
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-192
, And the battery degradation cost BDC i of the i-th electric vehicle, obtained by the following formula:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0023-33
 如請求項1所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，該充電站還設置有一太陽能模組，其中，在該步驟(A)中，該處理單元不僅根據停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、介於該最早入場時間與該最晚離場時間之間 的電價資訊、相關於該電能儲存裝置的電能資訊，及相關於該充電站的該最大供給電功率，還根據該太陽能模組在該當前時間點t所產生的一太陽能電功率，利用該線性規劃獲得每一電動車在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率。 According to the electric energy management method of an electric vehicle charging station according to claim 1, the charging station is also provided with a solar module, wherein, in this step (A), the processing unit is not only based on each electric vehicle parked in the charging station The corresponding electric vehicle information, between the earliest entry time and the latest departure time The electricity price information of, the electrical energy information related to the electrical energy storage device, and the maximum supply electrical power related to the charging station are also obtained by using the linear programming based on a solar electrical power generated by the solar module at the current time point t The charging electric power or the discharging electric power of each electric vehicle at the current time point t. 如請求項5所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，每一電動車資訊包含所對應之電動車的一最大的充電電功率與一最大的放電電功率，其中，在該步驟(A)中，該線性規劃的一目標函數及該目標函數所滿足的多個限制條件，可被表示為：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-35
 限制條件1：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-193
限制條件2：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-194
限制條件3：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-36
限制條件4：若t<
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-198
或t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-195
，則
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-196
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-197
=0， 限制條件5：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-37
限制條件6：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-39
限制條件7：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-40
限制條件8：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-42
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-43
 其中，tstart為停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之最早入場的該電動車所對應之該最早入場時間，tend為停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之最晚離場的該電動車所對應之該最晚離場時間，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-199
代表該電價資訊在該當前時間點t所指示出的一用電價格，△t代表一單位時間，M代表停放於該充電站之所有電動車的數量，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-200
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-201
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-202
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於充電狀態，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-203
<0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-205
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-206
>0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-207
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-208
代表提供給該電能儲存裝置之一預設的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-209
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-210
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-44
，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-211
代表該充電站的該最大供給電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-212
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最大荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-213
代表該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-214
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最小荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-215
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-216
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-217
=0代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非 處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-218
代表該電價資訊在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-219
指示出第i台電動車在該當前時間點t進行一放電模式的一意願程度，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-220
表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-221
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-222
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-223
代表該太陽能模組在該當前時間點t所能供應給該電網的該太陽能電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-224
代表該太陽能模組在該當前時間點t所產生的太陽能電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-225
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-226
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-227
=0代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-228
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-229
+
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-230
指示出用戶群代表決定供應給該電網的一總電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-231
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-232
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-233
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-234
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-235
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-236
為該目標函數的決策變數，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-237
為一負數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-239
為一正數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-240
代表第i台電動車的該最小電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-241
代表第i台電動車的該最大電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-242
代表第i台電動車入場時的該入場電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-243
代表第i台電動車期望的該離場電池荷電狀態，Capi代表第i台電動車的一滿充容量，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-244
代表第i台電動車的該入場時間，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-245
代表第i台電動車的該離場時間。 According to claim 5 of the electric vehicle charging station power management method, each electric vehicle information includes a maximum charging electric power and a maximum discharging electric power of the corresponding electric vehicle, wherein, in this step (A), the An objective function of linear programming and multiple constraints that the objective function satisfies can be expressed as:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-35
 Restriction 1:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-193
Restriction 2:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-194
Restriction 3:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-36
Restriction 4: If t<
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-198
Or t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-195
,then
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-196
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-197
=0, restriction 5:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-37
Restriction 6:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-39
Restriction 7:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0024-40
Restriction 8:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-42
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-43
 Among them, t start is the earliest entry time corresponding to the earliest entry of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station, and t end is the latest entry time of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station. The latest departure time for electric vehicles,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-199
Represents the electricity price indicated by the electricity price information at the current time point t, △t represents a unit time, and M represents the number of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-200
Represents whether the i-th electric vehicle is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-201
=1 means the i-th electric vehicle is in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-202
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the charging state at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-203
<0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-205
Represents the charging power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-206
>0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-207
Represents the discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-208
Represents the preset charging electric power provided to one of the electric energy storage devices,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-209
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-210
Represents the charging electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-44
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-211
Represents the maximum supply power of the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-212
Represents the maximum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-213
Represents the state of charge of the electric energy storage device at the previous time point t-1,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-214
Represents the minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-215
Represents whether the electrical energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-216
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0025-217
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-218
Represents a selling price indicated by the electricity price information at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-219
Indicates the willingness of the i-th electric vehicle to perform a discharge mode at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-220
Table i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-221
=1 means that the i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-222
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-223
Represents the solar power that the solar module can supply to the grid at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-224
Represents the solar power generated by the solar module at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-225
Represents whether the electric energy storage device is in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-226
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-227
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-228
Represents the discharged electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-229
+
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-230
Indicates that the representative of the user group decides to supply a total electric power to the grid,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-231
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-232
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-233
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-234
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-235
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-236
Is the decision variable of the objective function,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-237
Is a negative number, indicating the maximum charging power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-239
Is a positive number, indicating the maximum discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-240
Represents the minimum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-241
Represents the maximum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-242
Represents the state of charge of the admission battery when the i-th electric vehicle enters the venue,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-243
Represents the state of charge of the off-site battery expected by the i-th electric vehicle, Cap i represents a full charge capacity of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-244
Represents the entry time of the i-th electric car,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0026-245
Represents the departure time of the i-th electric vehicle. 如請求項1所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，在該步驟 (A)之前，還包含以下步驟：(B)對於停放於該充電站內的每一台電動車，根據該電動車所對應之電動車資訊，獲得該電動車的一優先權重；其中，該步驟(A)包含以下子步驟，(A-1)該電價資訊包含多筆分別對應不同優先權重的電價資料，及一筆對應於該電能儲存裝置電價資料，該處理單元根據停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之優先權重，獲得每一台電動車所對應之電價資料，及(A-2)該處理單元根據停放於該充電站內每一台電動車所對應之電動車資訊、介於該最早入場時間與該最晚離場時間之間之每一台電動車所對應的電價資料、該電能資訊、對應於該電能儲存裝置且介於該最早入場時間與該最晚離場時間之間的該電價資料，及該充電站的該最大供給電功率，利用該線性規劃獲得每一電動車在該當前時間點t的該充電電功率或該放電電功率。 The method for power management of an electric vehicle charging station as described in claim 1, in this step (A) Before, it also includes the following steps: (B) For each electric car parked in the charging station, obtain a priority of the electric car according to the electric car information corresponding to the electric car; wherein, this step (A) includes the following sub-steps. (A-1) The electricity price information includes multiple pieces of electricity price data corresponding to different priority weights, and one piece of electricity price data corresponding to the electric energy storage device. The processing unit is based on each item parked in the charging station. The priority weight corresponding to each electric vehicle is obtained, the electricity price data corresponding to each electric vehicle is obtained, and (A-2) the processing unit is based on the electric vehicle information corresponding to each electric vehicle parked in the charging station, between The electricity price data corresponding to each electric vehicle between the earliest admission time and the latest departure time, the electric energy information, corresponding to the electric energy storage device, and between the earliest admission time and the latest departure time The electricity price data in time and the maximum supply electric power of the charging station are used to obtain the charging electric power or the discharging electric power of each electric vehicle at the current time point t by using the linear programming. 如請求項7所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，每一電動車資訊包含所對應之電動車的一最大的充電電功率與一最大的放電電功率，其中，在該步驟(A-2)中，該線性規劃的一目標函數及該目標函數所滿足的多個限制條件，可被表示為：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0027-45
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-46
 限制條件1：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-246
限制條件2：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-247
限制條件3：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-51
限制條件4：若t<
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-249
或t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-250
，則
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-251
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-252
=0， 限制條件5：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-48
限制條件6：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-49
限制條件7：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-50
限制條件8：
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-53
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-54
 其中，tstart為停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之最早入場的該電動車所對應之該最早入場時間，tend為停放於該充電站之所有電動車中之最晚離場的該電動車所對應之該最晚離場時間，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-253
代表第i台電動車之電價資料在該當前時間點t所指示出的一用電價格，△t代表一單位時間，M代表停放於該充電站之所有電動車的數量，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-254
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-255
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-256
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於充電狀態，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-257
<0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-258
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，當
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-259
>0，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-260
代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t的放電 電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-261
代表該電能儲存裝置之電價資料在該當前時間點t所指示出的一用電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-262
代表提供給該電能儲存裝置之一預設的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-263
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-264
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-265
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-55
，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-266
代表該充電站的該最大供給電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-267
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最大荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-268
代表該電能儲存裝置於前一時間點t-1的荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-269
代表該電能儲存裝置的該最小荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-270
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-271
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-272
=0代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非處於充電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-273
代表第i台電動車之電價資料在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-274
指示出第i台電動車在該當前時間點t進行一放電模式的一意願程度，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-275
表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-276
=1代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-277
=0代表第i台電動車在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-278
代表該電能儲存裝置之電價資料在該當前時間點t所指示出的一賣電價格，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-279
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t時是否處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-280
=1代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-281
=0代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t非處於放電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-282
代表該電能儲存裝置在該當前時間點t的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-283
指示出用戶群代表決定供應給該電網的一總電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-284
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-285
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-286
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-287
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-288
、
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-289
為該目標函數的決策變數，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-290
為一負數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的充電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-291
為一正數，指示出第i台電動車之該最大的放電電功率，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-292
代表第i台電動車的該最小電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-293
代表第i台電動車的該最大電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-294
代表第i台電動車入場時的該入場電池荷電狀態，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-295
代表第i台電動車期望的該離場電池荷電狀態，Capi代表第i台電動車的一滿充容量，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-296
代表第i台電動車的該入場時間，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-297
代表第i台電動車的該離場時間。 As described in claim 7, in the electric vehicle charging station power management method, each electric vehicle information includes a maximum charging electric power and a maximum discharging electric power of the corresponding electric vehicle, wherein, in this step (A-2) , An objective function of the linear programming and multiple constraints satisfied by the objective function can be expressed as:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0027-45
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-46
 Restriction 1:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-246
Restriction 2:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-247
Restriction 3:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-51
Restriction 4: If t<
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-249
Or t>
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-250
,then
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-251
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-252
=0, restriction 5:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-48
Restriction 6:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-49
Restriction 7:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-50
Restriction 8:
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-53
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-54
 Among them, t start is the earliest entry time corresponding to the earliest entry of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station, and t end is the latest entry time of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station. The latest departure time for electric vehicles,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-253
Represents the electricity price indicated by the electricity price data of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t, △t represents a unit time, and M represents the number of all electric vehicles parked at the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-254
Represents whether the i-th electric vehicle is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-255
=1 means the i-th electric vehicle is in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-256
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the charging state at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-257
<0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-258
Represents the charging power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t, when
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-259
>0,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0028-260
Represents the discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-261
Represents an electricity price indicated by the electricity price data of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-262
Represents the preset charging electric power provided to one of the electric energy storage devices,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-263
×
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-264
Represents the charging electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-265
=
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-55
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-266
Represents the maximum supply power of the charging station,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-267
Represents the maximum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-268
Represents the state of charge of the electric energy storage device at the previous time point t-1,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-269
Represents the minimum state of charge of the electrical energy storage device,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-270
Represents whether the electrical energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-271
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in a charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-272
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in the charging state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-273
Represents a selling price indicated by the electricity price data of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-274
Indicates the willingness of the i-th electric vehicle to perform a discharge mode at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-275
Table i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-276
=1 means that the i-th electric vehicle is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-277
=0 means that the i-th electric vehicle is not in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-278
Represents a selling price indicated by the electricity price data of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-279
Represents whether the electric energy storage device is in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-280
=1 means that the electric energy storage device is in the discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-281
=0 means that the electric energy storage device is not in a discharge state at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-282
Represents the discharged electric power of the electric energy storage device at the current time point t,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-283
Indicates that the representative of the user group decides to supply a total electric power to the grid,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-284
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0029-285
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-286
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-287
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-288
,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-289
Is the decision variable of the objective function,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-290
Is a negative number, indicating the maximum charging power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-291
Is a positive number, indicating the maximum discharge power of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-292
Represents the minimum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-293
Represents the maximum battery state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-294
Represents the state of charge of the admission battery when the i-th electric vehicle enters the venue,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-295
Represents the state of charge of the off-site battery expected by the i-th electric vehicle, Cap i represents a full charge capacity of the i-th electric vehicle,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-296
Represents the entry time of the i-th electric car,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-297
Represents the departure time of the i-th electric vehicle. 如請求項7所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，其中，在該步驟(B)中，每一台電動車的優先權重係根據所對應之電動車的該入場電池荷電狀態、該離場電池荷電狀態、該入場時間與該離場時間而獲得。 The electric vehicle charging station power management method according to claim 7, wherein, in the step (B), the priority weight of each electric vehicle is based on the charging state of the entering battery of the corresponding electric vehicle, and the leaving The battery state of charge, the admission time and the departure time are obtained. 如請求項9所述的電動車充電站電能管理方法，其中，該步驟(B)包含以下子步驟：(B-1)該處理單元根據第i台電動車的該入場電池荷電狀態
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-298
、該離場電池荷電狀態
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-299
、該入場時間
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-300
與該離場時間
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-301
利用以下公式獲得第i台電動車的優先數值πi，i=1~M，
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-57
 (B-2)該處理單元根據每一台電動車的優先數值獲得每一台電動車的優先排序；(B-3)該處理單元根據每一台電動車的優先排序獲得每一台電動車的優先權重。 The method for power management of an electric vehicle charging station according to claim 9, wherein the step (B) includes the following sub-steps: (B-1) the processing unit according to the charging state of the admission battery of the i-th electric vehicle
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-298
, The state of charge of the off-site battery
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-299
, The admission time
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-300
And the departure time
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-301
Use the following formula to obtain the priority value π i of the i-th electric vehicle, i=1~M,
Figure 108129199-A0305-02-0030-57
 (B-2) The processing unit obtains the priority of each electric vehicle according to the priority value of each electric vehicle; (B-3) The processing unit obtains each electric vehicle according to the priority of each electric vehicle Priority.
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