TWI704525B - Installation art restoration method applied to traditional architecture - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法，係先透過三維雷射掃描技術取得一裝置藝術修復前之點雲數據，以及一建築本體修復後之點雲數據，然後將二者的點雲數據進行座標基準統一計算，並建立成一三維虛擬模型，再藉由該三維虛擬模型所提供之點雲坐標空間分布與數值，計算出該裝置藝術進行放樣所需之角度與距離，即可精準地將該裝置藝術放樣在該建築本體之實體，藉此，不僅有利於後續匠師進行修復，且能提高原圖修復的可能性，以有效避免因空間錯覺而致構圖內容於修復前後差異過大的情況發生。An installation art restoration method applied to traditional buildings. The point cloud data of an installation art before restoration and a point cloud data of the building body after restoration are obtained through 3D laser scanning technology, and then the point cloud data of the two are obtained The coordinate datum is uniformly calculated and a three-dimensional virtual model is established. Then, by using the point cloud coordinate spatial distribution and values provided by the three-dimensional virtual model, the angle and distance required for lofting of the installation art can be calculated, and the The installation art lofts the entity of the building body, thereby not only conducive to the subsequent repair by the craftsman, but also increasing the possibility of the original image restoration, so as to effectively avoid the situation that the composition content before and after the restoration is too large due to the spatial illusion. .
Description
本發明係與一種應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法有關，特別是指一種應用數位化技術復原裝置藝術之方法。 The present invention is related to a method of restoration of installation art applied to traditional architecture, in particular to a method of restoration of installation art using digital technology.
一般漢式傳統建築都會設置灰泥壁畫、彩繪或雕刻等，極具歷史、教育與藝術價值之裝置藝術，然而受到自然因素之侵蝕或人為因素之破壞，該裝置藝術不免會遇到需要修復之狀況，幸而目前已有許多科學方法可以輔助相關修復工作，例如可以紅外線在不用破壞彩繪的狀況下，檢測彩繪的底層狀況，或是以紫外線檢測彩繪的螢光反應，又或者以X光光譜儀檢測分析檢測顏料的成分等。 Generally, traditional Chinese buildings will be equipped with stucco murals, paintings or sculptures, which are of great historical, educational and artistic value. However, due to the erosion of natural factors or the destruction of man-made factors, this installation art will inevitably encounter problems that need to be restored. Fortunately, there are many scientific methods that can assist related repair work. For example, infrared can be used to detect the underlying condition of the painted without destroying the painted, or the fluorescent reaction of the painted with ultraviolet light, or the X-ray spectrometer. Analyze and detect the composition of pigments, etc.
上述科學技術雖有助於還原該裝置藝術原本使用之材料、色料、彩繪程序與彩繪技巧，但就該裝置藝術之構圖內容方面，目前仍須仰賴匠師參考該裝置藝術的影像資料來進行，而容易因為空間錯覺，導致修復前後的構圖內容存在明顯的差異，例如2013年5月23日自由時報曾報導「金門去年修復完畢的歷史建築『龍鳳宮』，被信眾發現牆上壁畫圖文錯誤連連、宮中數十幅以『三國演義』、『封神演義』等小說為本的壁畫，出現許多圖、文的謬誤」，雖然此一案例為非傳統建築修復之常態，但卻突顯出進行相關壁畫或是彩繪等裝置藝術之修復過程中，如何確保原資料之完整性及復原技術之準確性是非常重要的課題。 Although the above-mentioned science and technology can help restore the original materials, color materials, painting procedures and painting techniques used in the installation art, the composition content of the installation art still has to rely on the craftsman to refer to the image data of the installation art. , And it is easy for the illusion of space to cause obvious differences in the composition content before and after the restoration. For example, on May 23, 2013, the Liberty Times reported that "The historical building "Dragon and Phoenix Palace", which was restored in Kinmen last year, was discovered by believers. There are many mistakes and dozens of murals in the palace based on novels such as "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "The Romance of the Gods". There are many errors in pictures and texts." Although this case is the normal state of restoration of non-traditional buildings, it highlights How to ensure the integrity of the original data and the accuracy of the restoration technology is a very important issue in the restoration of related murals or paintings and other installation art.
本發明之目的係提供一種應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法，係可精準地將一裝置藝術之構圖內容重新放樣在修復後之建築本體，而能有效避免因空間錯覺而致構圖內容於修復前後差異過大的情況發生。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide an installation art restoration method applied to traditional architecture, which can accurately re-stake the composition content of an installation art in the restored building body, and can effectively avoid the restoration of the composition content due to the illusion of space. Excessive differences before and after occur.
為達上述目的，本發明所提供之應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法，首先係使用三維雷射掃描手段，蒐集一裝置藝術之空間位置資訊，取得一裝置藝術之點雲數據；再使用三維雷射掃描手段，蒐集一建築本體之空間位置資訊，取得一建築本體之點雲數據；然後將該裝置藝術之點雲數據與該建築本體之點雲數據進行座標基準統一計算，並建立成一三維虛擬模型；接者於該三維虛擬模型中，計算該裝置藝術對應該建築本體之空間位置，取得一放樣資訊；最後於該建築本體之現場，依據該放樣資訊進行放樣，以將該裝置藝術標定在該建築本體之實體。 In order to achieve the above objectives, the installation art restoration method applied to traditional architecture provided by the present invention firstly uses 3D laser scanning to collect the spatial position information of an installation art to obtain the point cloud data of an installation art; The laser scanning method collects the spatial position information of a building body, and obtains the point cloud data of a building body; then, the point cloud data of the installation art and the point cloud data of the building body are uniformly calculated and established as a three-dimensional Virtual model; in the three-dimensional virtual model, the person calculates the spatial position of the installation art corresponding to the building body to obtain a lofting information; finally, at the site of the building body, stake out based on the lofting information to calibrate the installation art The entity in the body of the building.
本發明所提供之應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法，主要係將該裝置藝術之構圖與內容等資訊，透過數位化技術重新進行三維空間定位，而能精準地將該裝置藝術之構圖與內容重新放樣至原空間位置，藉此，不僅有利於後續匠師進行修復，且能提高原圖修復的可能性，以有效避免因空間錯覺而致構圖內容於修復前後差異過大的情況發生。 The restoration method of installation art applied to traditional architecture provided by the present invention is mainly to re-position the composition and content of the installation art through digital technology to relocate the three-dimensional space, and accurately the composition and content of the installation art Re-staking to the original space position not only facilitates subsequent repairs by the craftsman, but also improves the possibility of original image restoration, so as to effectively avoid the situation where the composition content is too different before and after restoration due to the spatial illusion.
S1:裝置藝術資料蒐集步驟 S1: Collection steps of installation art materials
S2:建築本體資料蒐集步驟 S2: Steps to collect building ontology data
S3:建立三維虛擬模型步驟 S3: Steps to build a 3D virtual model
S4:擬訂放樣工序步驟 S4: Drafting the steps of the stakeout process
S5:實際放樣步驟 S5: Actual stakeout steps
第1圖係本發明之較佳實施例之流程示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
請參閱第1圖所示，係本發明之較佳實施例之流程示意圖，其係揭示有一應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法，該應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法係包含有下列步驟： Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which discloses an installation art restoration method applied to traditional architecture. The installation art restoration method applied to traditional architecture includes the following steps:
裝置藝術資料蒐集步驟S1：使用三維雷射掃描手段，蒐集一裝置藝術之空間位置資訊，取得一裝置藝術之點雲數據，其中，該裝置藝術係為一灰泥壁畫、彩繪或雕刻之其中一種，且於取得該裝置藝術之點雲數據時，亦同時蒐集該裝置藝術之二維影像資料、現場環景影像、相關文獻以及田野訪談等建立成一驗證資料。 Installation art data collection step S1: Use three-dimensional laser scanning to collect the spatial position information of an installation art, and obtain point cloud data of an installation art, where the installation art is one of a plaster mural, painting or sculpture And when the point cloud data of the installation art is obtained, the two-dimensional image data of the installation art, scene surrounding images, related documents and field interviews are also collected to establish a verification data.
建築本體資料蒐集步驟S2：使用三維雷射掃描手段，蒐集一建築本體之空間位置資訊，取得一建築本體之點雲數據，其中，可採用FARO Photon 120或Konica Minolta vivid 910等雷射掃描儀來進行相關三維雷射掃描作業。 Building body data collection step S2: Use three-dimensional laser scanning to collect the spatial position information of a building body to obtain point cloud data of a building body. Among them, a laser scanner such as FARO Photon 120 or Konica Minolta vivid 910 can be used. Perform related 3D laser scanning operations.
建立三維虛擬模型步驟S3：將該裝置藝術之點雲數據與該建築本體之點雲數據進行座標基準統一計算，並建立成一三維虛擬模型，其中，係採用Bursa-Wolf七參數轉換模式來進行座標基準統一計算，且在建立該三維虛擬模型後，係可進一步進行標準誤差計算，以提升該三維虛擬模型之精準度，以及透過該驗證資料對該三維虛擬模型進行精準度之驗證與調整。 Establish a three-dimensional virtual model Step S3: Perform unified calculation of the coordinate base of the point cloud data of the installation art and the point cloud data of the building ontology, and establish a three-dimensional virtual model, in which the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter conversion mode is used for the coordinate The benchmark is uniformly calculated, and after the 3D virtual model is established, the standard error calculation can be further performed to improve the accuracy of the 3D virtual model, and the accuracy of the 3D virtual model can be verified and adjusted through the verification data.
擬訂放樣工序步驟S4：於該三維虛擬模型中，計算該裝置藝術對應該建築本體之空間位置，取得一放樣資訊，其中，係在該三維虛擬模型中選定至少一放樣儀器擺設座標，以及選定至少一參考位置座標，然後計算該參考位置與 該放樣儀器與該裝置藝術間之角度，以及計算該放樣儀器與該裝置藝術間之距離，藉以彙整取得該放樣資訊。 Step S4 of drafting the lofting process: In the three-dimensional virtual model, calculate the spatial position of the installation art corresponding to the building body to obtain lofting information, wherein at least one lofting instrument placement coordinate is selected in the three-dimensional virtual model, and at least A reference position coordinate, and then calculate the reference position and The angle between the stakeout instrument and the installation art, and the distance between the stakeout instrument and the installation art are calculated, and the stakeout information is obtained by summarizing.
實際放樣步驟S5：於該建築本體之現場，依據該放樣資訊進行放樣，以將該裝置藝術標定在該建築本體之實體，其中，係在該建築本體之現場，對應每一該放樣儀器擺設座標擺放一全測站經緯儀，以及對應每一參考位置座標標定一參考位置，然後利用三角形法將該放樣資訊中計算取得之角度與距離進行放樣。 Actual stakeout step S5: At the site of the building body, stake out according to the stakeout information to mark the installation art on the entity of the building body, where it is on the site of the building body and corresponds to each of the stakeout instruments. Place a theodolite of the whole station and calibrate a reference position corresponding to each reference position coordinate, and then use the triangle method to stake out the angle and distance calculated from the stake out information.
為供進一步瞭解本發明之發明特徵、運用技術手段及所預期達成之功效，茲將本發明使用方式加以敘述，相信當可由此而對本發明作有更深入且具體之瞭解，如下所述：請再繼續參閱第1圖所示，以下係以復原一灰泥壁畫為例，首先，在該建築本體進行修復之前，使用者係可對欲復原之灰泥壁畫進行三維雷射掃描，以蒐集該灰泥壁畫之構圖內容之空間定位，並建立成該裝置藝術之點雲數據，同時使用者亦可蒐集該灰泥壁畫之二維影像資料、現場環景影像、相關文獻以及田野訪談等建立成該驗證資料，之後修復該建築本體，並在該建築本體修復完成後，再利用三雷射掃描手段蒐集該建築本體修復後之空間位置資訊，取得該建築本體之點雲數據。 In order to further understand the characteristics of the invention, the technical means and the expected effects of the invention, the method of use of the invention is described. It is believed that a more in-depth and specific understanding of the invention can be obtained from this, as follows: Continue to refer to Figure 1. The following is an example of restoring a plaster mural. First, before the restoration of the building itself, the user can perform a three-dimensional laser scan on the plaster mural to be restored to collect the The spatial positioning of the composition content of the stucco mural is established as the point cloud data of the installation art. At the same time, the user can also collect the two-dimensional image data of the stucco mural, scene surrounding images, related documents, and field interviews. The verification data is then restored to the building body, and after the building body is repaired, three laser scanning methods are used to collect the spatial position information of the building body after the restoration, to obtain the point cloud data of the building body.
接著匯入該裝置藝術之點雲數據與該建築本體之點雲數據，並利用布爾莎-沃爾夫(Bursa-Wolf)七參數轉換模式來進行座標基準統一計算，其計算方式係在該裝置藝術之點雲數據與該建築本體之點雲數據中，搜尋相同位置之特徵共軛點三點以上，並計算二者基準間之轉換參數，即一個尺度、三軸平移與三軸旋轉等七項轉換參數，相關轉換公式如下所示：
M：分別繞三軸旋轉(ω、φ、κ)角度之旋轉矩陣，公式如下：
在完成該三維虛擬模型後，使用者即可開始進行放樣工序之擬定與現場放樣，首先係在該三維虛擬模型中選定該放樣儀器擺設座標，以及選定該參考位置座標，該參考位置通常是該建築本體中一明顯可辨識之構件，然後利用三角形計算法，計算該參考位置與該放樣儀器與該裝置藝術間之角度，以及計算該放樣儀器與該裝置藝術間之距離，藉以彙整取得該放樣資訊，最後在該建築本體之現場，對應該放樣儀器擺設座標擺放該全測站經緯儀，以及對應該參考位置座標找出並標定該參考位置，然後將該放樣資訊中計算取得之角度與距離依序進行放樣，即可將該灰泥壁畫之原有構圖與內容，精準的放樣在該建築本體之實體，藉此，不僅有利於後續匠師進行修復，且能提高原圖修復的可能性，以有效避免因空間錯覺而致構圖內容於修復前後差異過大的情況發生。 After completing the 3D virtual model, the user can start the preparation of the stakeout process and the on-site stakeout. First, select the setting coordinates of the stakeout instrument in the 3D virtual model, and select the reference position coordinates. The reference position is usually the A clearly identifiable component in the building itself, and then use the triangle calculation method to calculate the angle between the reference position and the lofting instrument and the installation art, and calculate the distance between the lofting instrument and the installation art, so as to obtain the lofting Information, and finally on the site of the building itself, place the theodolite of the whole station corresponding to the coordinates of the lofting instrument, and locate and calibrate the reference position corresponding to the coordinates of the reference position, and then calculate the angle and distance obtained from the lofting information Sequential lofting, you can accurately loft the original composition and content of the plaster mural on the body of the building, which will not only facilitate subsequent repairs by the craftsman, but also increase the possibility of restoration of the original image , In order to effectively avoid the excessive difference between the composition content before and after restoration due to the illusion of space.
茲，再將本發明之特徵及其可達成之預期功效陳述如下： 本發明之應用於傳統建築之裝置藝術復原方法，係先透過三維雷射掃描技術取得該裝置藝術修復前之點雲數據，以及該建築本體修復後之點雲數據，然後將二者的點雲數據進行座標基準統一計算，並建立成該三維虛擬模型，再藉由該三維虛擬模型所提供之點雲坐標空間分布與數值，計算出該裝置藝術進行放樣所需之角度與距離，並彙整成該放樣資訊，最後在該建築本體之現場，依據該放樣資訊進行放樣，即可將該裝置藝術精準的放樣在該建築本體之實體，藉此，不僅有利於後續匠師進行修復，且能提高原圖修復的可能性，以有效避免因空間錯覺而致構圖內容於修復前後差異過大的情況發生。 Hereby, the characteristics of the present invention and the expected effects that can be achieved are stated as follows: The restoration method of the installation art of the present invention applied to traditional buildings is to first obtain the point cloud data of the installation art before restoration and the point cloud data after restoration of the building body through 3D laser scanning technology, and then combine the point clouds of the two The data is uniformly calculated based on the coordinate base, and the 3D virtual model is created. Then, the angle and distance required for the installation of the installation art are calculated by using the point cloud coordinate spatial distribution and values provided by the 3D virtual model, and aggregated into The lofting information is finally set out on the site of the building body according to the lofting information, and the installation art can be accurately lofted on the body of the building body. This is not only beneficial to subsequent repairs by the craftsman, but also improves The possibility of restoration of the original image to effectively avoid the excessive difference in the composition content before and after restoration due to the illusion of space.
綜上所述，本發明在同類產品中實有其極佳之進步實用性，同時遍查國內外關於此類結構之技術資料，文獻中亦未發現有相同的構造存在在先，是以，本發明實已具備發明專利要件，爰依法提出申請。 To sum up, the present invention has excellent practicality in similar products. At the same time, we have checked the technical data of this type of structure at home and abroad. The literature has not found the same structure. Therefore, The present invention actually has the requirements for a patent for invention, and an application is filed in accordance with the law.
惟，以上所述者，僅係本發明之一較佳可行實施例而已，故舉凡應用本發明說明書及申請專利範圍所為之等效結構變化，理應包含在本發明之專利範圍內。 However, the above is only one of the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, so any equivalent structural changes made by applying the specification of the present invention and the scope of the patent application should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.
S1:裝置藝術資料蒐集步驟 S1: Collection steps of installation art materials
S2:建築本體資料蒐集步驟 S2: Steps to collect building ontology data
S3:建立三維虛擬模型步驟 S3: Steps to build a 3D virtual model
S4:擬訂放樣工序步驟 S4: Drafting the steps of the stakeout process
S5:實際放樣步驟 S5: Actual stakeout steps
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| TWI385551B (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2013-02-11 | Univ Nat Cheng Kung | The Method of Reconstruction of Chinese Traditional Building Wood Frame |
| US20170219336A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | The Boeing Company | Point Cloud Processing Apparatus and Method |
| CN109903382A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-18 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | The fusion method and device of point cloud data |
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2019
- 2019-07-31 TW TW108127182A patent/TWI704525B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI385551B (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2013-02-11 | Univ Nat Cheng Kung | The Method of Reconstruction of Chinese Traditional Building Wood Frame |
| US20170219336A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | The Boeing Company | Point Cloud Processing Apparatus and Method |
| CN109903382A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-18 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | The fusion method and device of point cloud data |
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