TWI700884B - Power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a power generating device, which includes a first friction unit and a second friction unit. The first friction unit includes a first electrode layer and a first wire electrically connected to the first electrode layer. The two rubbing units include a second electrode layer close to the first electrode layer, a second insulating layer disposed on a side of the second electrode layer close to the first rubbing unit, and a second wire and the second electrode layer Electrical connection, wherein at least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is a conductive textile containing conductive fibers. As a result, the power generating device responds significantly to small external forces and has high power generation efficiency, at the same time, it improves the comfort of the user and has the beautiful appearance of the product.

Description

Power generation device

The present invention is related to power generation devices, in particular to a power generation device based on the principles of surface charge transfer and electrostatic induction.

The Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) disclosed by Nano Letters in the United States provides a power generation device based on the principles of contact electrification, triboelectricity and electrostatic induction, which can effectively transfer the mechanical energy of human activities, or Environmental energy such as wind and water waves are converted into electrical energy. CN106655874 and CN107134943 patents respectively disclose electrode layers that can be stretched and deformed arbitrarily. The electrode layer is made of elastic polymer materials doped with conductive materials, such as silicone or silicone rubber doped with metal particles. The application of rigid materials is limited, and the application range is greatly expanded. However, when a power generating device using the aforementioned electrode layer wants to collect environmental energy such as wind or water, due to the characteristics of polymer materials, a relatively large external force is required to change the distance between the internal components of the power generating device and generate a power generation effect. The response of power is less obvious, which makes the power generation efficiency low, and the external energy cannot be used effectively. When the mechanical energy of human body activities is to be collected, when applied to wearable devices or smart textiles, due to the large difference in texture between polymer materials and textiles, The comfort of the skin contacting the power generation device is not good, and the appearance is abrupt, which affects the appearance of the product. Therefore, how to avoid the above deficiencies has become a technical problem that practitioners in this field want to solve.

The object of the present invention is to provide a power generation device which has a significant response to external small forces and high power generation efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power generating device, which can improve the comfort of the user and has the beautiful appearance of the product.

In order to achieve the above object, the power generation device of the present invention includes a first friction unit and a second friction unit. The first friction unit includes a first electrode layer and a first wire electrically connected to the first electrode layer. The second rubbing unit includes a second electrode layer close to the first electrode layer, a second insulating layer disposed on a side of the second electrode layer close to the first rubbing unit, and a second wire and the first electrode layer. The two electrode layers are electrically connected, wherein at least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is a conductive textile containing conductive fibers. In this way, the power generating device responds significantly to small external forces and has a high power generation efficiency, while improving the comfort of the user and having the beautiful appearance of the product.

Hereinafter, the technical content and features of the present invention will be described in detail with two preferred embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. As shown in Figure 1, the power generation device 1 provided by the first preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first friction The unit 10, a second friction unit 20, a spacer layer 30, a first waterproof layer 40, a second waterproof layer 50, and a power storage device 60 are electrically connected to the first and second friction units 10, 20, respectively.

The first friction unit 10 includes a first electrode layer 12 and a first wire 16 that is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 12. The first electrode layer 12 is a conductive textile containing conductive fibers, and the conductive textile The material system is woven from conductive fibers and non-conductive fibers, and the first wire 16 is electrically connected to the power storage device 60. In this embodiment, the conductive textile is woven from stainless steel fibers and polyester fibers. In other embodiments, the conductive fibers can be made of other metals, carbon nanotubes, or conductive polymers. The conductive fiber can be made of nylon, acrylic and other materials; or the conductive textile can be woven entirely of conductive fiber.

The second rubbing unit 20 includes a second electrode layer 22 close to the first electrode layer 12, a second insulating layer 24 disposed on a side of the second electrode layer 22 close to the first rubbing unit 10, and a first The two wires 26 are electrically connected to the second electrode layer 22. The second electrode layer 22 and the first electrode layer 12 are made of the same material as the first electrode layer 12, that is, the first and second electrodes The layers 12 and 22 are all conductive textiles, and the second wire 26 is electrically connected to the power storage device 60. It should be noted that the second insulating layer 24 can be made of elastic materials such as silicon rubber, rubber, silicon rubber, polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin, or Eco-flex and is an insulator. The second insulating layer 24 A part can penetrate into the mesh of the second electrode layer 22, so that the connection between the second electrode layer 22 and the second insulating layer 24 is closer and the two are not easily separated.

It should be noted that the power generation device 1 mainly achieves the power generation effect by surface charge transfer and electrostatic induction between the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20. If the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 10 are added The contact area between the two friction units 20 can increase the amount of charge transferred. Therefore, the second insulating layer 24 close to one side of the first friction unit 10 can further have a plurality of protrusions 25, and the protrusions 25 are spaced apart from each other. Setting, in fact, the protrusions 25 are rubbed from the second insulating layer 24 toward the first The unit 10 extends out, that is, the protrusions 25 and the second insulating layer 24 are the same elastic material. The second insulating layer 24 and the protrusions 25 can be deformed when pressed by the first friction unit 10. The arrangement of the equal protrusion 25 can increase the surface area of a side of the second insulating layer 24 close to the first friction unit 10, so the contact area between the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 can be increased to improve power generation effect.

It should be noted that in this embodiment, the protrusions 25 are in the shape of a rectangular column and a triangular pyramid. In other embodiments, the shape and number of the protrusions 25 may have other changes, for example: the protrusions 25 All are in the shape of a triangular cone; or the protrusions 25 are the relatively high points of the rough surface of the second insulating layer, that is, as long as the second insulating layer 24 is close to the first friction unit 10, the side surface is not flat. can.

Initially, there is a predetermined distance between the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20, and the non-conductive fibers in the first electrode layer 12 and the second insulating layer 24 are not charged. Then, when the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 are brought close to or even contacted by external force, such as human body activity, wind or rain, the non-conductive fibers in the first electrode layer 12 and the first friction unit Charge transfer occurs between the two insulating layers 24, so that the non-conductive fibers in the first electrode layer 12 are positively charged, and the second insulating layer 24 is negatively charged. When the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 are far away Or when separated, the conductive fibers in the first electrode layer 12 and the second electrode layer 22 respectively induce electricity to the non-conductive fibers in the first electrode layer 12 and the second insulating layer 24. At this time, the The second electrode layer 22 balances the negative charge of the second insulating layer 24 and derives its own negative charge through the second wire 26, and the conductive fiber of the first electrode layer 12 balances the positive charge of the non-conductive fiber and receives The negative charge introduced by the first wire 16 further makes each of the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 become electrically neutral. When the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 come close or even contact again, the negative charges will move from the conductive fibers in the first electrode layer 12 to the second electrode layer 22. The charge movement caused by the change of the distance between the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 forms a voltage/current. The electrical storage device 60 electrically connected to the first and second wires 16, 26 is Can store electricity.

It should be noted that when the first friction unit 10 is in contact with the second friction unit 20, the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 are easily attracted by static electricity, and if the external force is insufficient 2. When the two friction units 10, 20 are separated, they cannot generate electricity effectively.

In order to avoid the above situation, the spacer layer 30 is arranged between the first friction unit 10 and the second friction unit 20 to prevent the first and second friction units 10, 20 from being attracted together. However, if it is simply placed on the The spacer layer 30 is arranged between the first and second friction units 10, 20, so that the first and second friction units 10, 20 cannot be directly contacted. As a result, the power generation effect is worse than that of direct contact. . Therefore, the spacer layer 30 may further have a plurality of perforations 32. In this embodiment, the spacer layer 30 is a mesh cloth and is made of insulating material, such as nylon mesh cloth, so that the first and second The friction units 10, 20 can still contact through the perforations 32, not only the protrusion 25 of the second friction unit 20 will contact the first friction unit 10, but when the external force is sufficiently large, the second insulating layer 24 The surface without the protrusion 25 will also come into contact with the first friction unit 10 through the perforations 32, and the power generation device 1 can achieve the power generation effect through the charge transfer without the first and second friction units 10, 20 The bonding cannot be separated and becomes invalid. In other embodiments, the spacer layer 30 can be made of a conductive material, and the spacer layer 30 only needs to have at least one through hole 32.

The first waterproof layer 40 is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer 12 away from the second friction unit 20, and the second waterproof layer 50 is disposed on a side of the second electrode layer 22 away from the first friction unit 10. In this embodiment, the first and second waterproof layers 40, 50 are made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film. In other embodiments, the first and second waterproof layers 40, 50 may be The waterproof material is arranged on the relatively outer side of the power generating device 1 so that the power generating device 1 can have a waterproof function.

It should be noted that the outer peripheries of the first friction unit 10, the second friction unit 20, the spacer layer 30, the first waterproof layer 40, and the second waterproof layer 50 are fixed by stitching, gluing, etc. combine together.

With the above structure, the power generating device 1 adopts two conductive textiles as sensing electrodes. Because the conductive textiles have certain flexibility and toughness, the power generating device 1 responds more obviously to small external forces, thereby improving power generation efficiency. In addition, The power generating device 1 can be directly made into a wearable device or a smart textile, or it can be installed on a textile in an additional way, such as clothing, shoes, etc. At the same time, the power generation device 1 can effectively prevent the power generation device 1 from failing due to sweat, rain or moisture, so that the mechanical energy of human activities can be collected at the same time, and it can also be converted into environmental energy by wind, water waves or rain. Electric energy can effectively use external energy, and can be applied to waterproof products, such as umbrellas, raincoats, etc., which greatly expands the application range of the power generating device 1 and has market competitiveness.

According to the experimental results, the power generation device 1 can use rainwater kinetic energy to generate electricity, as shown in Figs. 3A and 3B. When the rainfall is small at 31.8ml/s, the unit area has a voltage output of about tens of volts; when the rainfall increases to 111.85ml/s, the output voltage density can reach about 850V/m2, and the current density can reach about 160 microampere/square meter. The test result shows that the greater the rainfall, the stronger the output signal.

According to another experimental result, the power generation device 1 can also use the force of wind to generate electricity. As shown in Figure 4A and Figure 4B, the wind speed is 4.5m/s, and there is voltage output. When the wind speed increases to 15.4m/ s, the output voltage density can reach about 1000 volts/square meter, and the current density can reach about 150 microamperes/square meter. When the wind blows on the power generating device 1, the inside of the power generating device 1 will oscillate, so the effect of contact and separation of the first and second friction units 10, 20 can be continuously produced. The power generating device 1 can be made into a flag or the like, and the ubiquitous wind energy in nature can be collected and converted into electric energy for use.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the first and second wires 16, 26 can be used as two signal wires, respectively, and the charges of the first and second electrode layers 12, 22 in response to static electricity can pass through the first and second wires. 16,26 moves to generate electrical signals. In this way, the power generating device 1 can also be used as a self-driven sensing device.

Based on the design spirit of the present invention, the structure of the power generation device 1 can have other changes. As shown in Figure 2, it is the power generation device 1a provided by the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the power generation device 1a is similar to that of the first The power generation device 1 of the embodiment is substantially the same, the difference is that the first friction unit 10a further includes a first insulating layer 14a disposed on a side of the first electrode layer 12a close to the second friction unit 20a, and the first insulating layer 14a can be made of elastic and non-conductive materials such as silicone, rubber, silicone rubber, polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy or Eco-flex, and the first insulating layer 14a can penetrate the first electrode layer In the mesh of 12a, in this way, the first electrode layer 12a and the first insulating layer 14a can be tightly connected and not easily separated. In addition, the second insulating layer 24a has no protrusions, and the spacer layer 30a has no perforations. When the distance between the first and second friction units 10a, 20a changes, the first and second electrode layers 12a, 22a can also generate electrostatic response. In this way, when the power generating device 1a is applied to wearable devices or smart textiles such as clothing, if the second electrode layer 22a is provided on the side close to the user, the first waterproof layer 40a is provided on the side far away from the user When the user touches the second electrode layer 22a, there will be no discomfort due to the difference in texture between the power generating device 1a and the textile, and the provision of the first waterproof layer 40a makes the applied product have a waterproof function. If the second electrode layer 22a is arranged on the side far away from the user and the first waterproof layer 40a is arranged on the side close to the user, the second electrode layer 22a is arranged on the outside of the clothes in the form of textiles. Where, the appearance of the two is consistent without affecting the integrity of the appearance.

It should be noted that the first electrode layer 12a and the first insulating layer 14a can be woven together, the first electrode layer 12a is made of conductive fibers, and the first insulating layer 14a is made of non-conductive fibers, that is, The non-conductive fiber in the first electrode layer 12 in the power generation device 1 provided by the first preferred embodiment of the present invention can be regarded as an insulating layer.

The foregoing is only an illustration of the embodiments of the present invention, and all simple structural modifications or changes made without going beyond the spirit of the present invention, for example: the spacer layer 30 can be omitted, and the protrusion 25 of the second insulating layer 24 has a predetermined height Since the protrusion 25 is also made of elastic material, when the power generating device 1 receives an external force to make the first friction unit 10 contact or press down the protrusion 25 of the second insulating layer 24, the protrusion 25 can provide the first friction Once the unit 10 recovers its elasticity, the first and second friction units 10, 20 can be separated; or the first and second waterproof layers 40, 50 can be omitted. In this case, the power generating device 1 can It improves the comfort of the user and has the beauty of the product; or one of the first electrode layer 12 or the second electrode layer 22 is a film made of conductive material, such as a metal film, that is, as long as the first electrode At least one of the layer 12 or the second electrode layer 22 is a conductive textile containing conductive fibers, which should still be covered by the patent application scope of the present invention.

1.1a: Power generation device 10.10a: The first friction unit 12, 12a: the first electrode layer 14a: first insulating layer 16: first wire 20, 20a: second friction unit 22, 22a: second electrode layer 24, 24a: second insulating layer 25: protrusion 26: second wire 30, 30a: Interval layer 32: Piercing 40, 40a: the first waterproof layer 50: second waterproof layer 60: Power storage device

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generating device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a power generating device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3A is the voltage output diagram of the power generating device of the present invention under different rainfall conditions; Figure 3B is a diagram of the current output of the power generating device of the present invention under different rainfall conditions; Figure 4A is the voltage output diagram of the power generating device of the present invention under different wind speed conditions; Figure 4B is the current output diagram of the power generating device of the present invention under different wind speed conditions.

1: Power generation device

10: The first friction unit

12: The first electrode layer

16: first wire

20: The second friction unit

22: second electrode layer

24: second insulating layer

25: protrusion

26: second wire

30: Interval layer

32: Piercing

40: The first waterproof layer

50: second waterproof layer

60: Power storage device

Claims (8)

A power generation device includes: a first friction unit, including a first electrode layer, and a first wire electrically connected to the first electrode layer; a second friction unit, including a second electrode layer close to the The first electrode layer and a second insulating layer are provided on a side of the second electrode layer close to the first rubbing unit, and a second wire is electrically connected to the second electrode layer. The second insulating layer is close to the first friction unit. One side of a friction unit has a plurality of protrusions; and a spacer layer located between the first friction unit and the second friction unit, the spacer layer has at least one perforation; wherein, the first electrode layer and the second electrode At least one of the layers is a conductive textile containing conductive fibers. The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the first friction unit further includes a first insulating layer disposed on a side of the first electrode layer close to the second friction unit. The power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the conductive textile is woven from conductive fibers. The power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the conductive textile is woven from conductive fibers and non-conductive fibers. The power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the first electrode layer is a conductive textile, and a part of the first insulating layer penetrates into the first electrode layer. The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the second electrode layer is a conductive textile, and a part of the second insulating layer penetrates into the second electrode layer. The power generating device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a first waterproof layer disposed on a side of the first electrode layer away from the second friction unit. The power generating device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second waterproof layer disposed on a side of the second electrode layer away from the first friction unit.

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