TWI697914B - Monitoring device and method thereof - Google Patents
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本發明係有關於監測裝置,特別是有關於一步行路徑監測系統及其方法。The invention relates to a monitoring device, in particular to a walking path monitoring system and method.
依據研究報告,早期失智症的患者若能提早介入治療,可以延緩病程大約五年。如果置之不理,或是以消極態度應對,患者的病情極可能在未來一、二年內快速惡化。目前,極早期失智篩檢量表(AD8)是一種簡易、低成本、方便快速的篩檢方式。但若有一種方法能透過自動判斷的機制來輔助甚至取代AD8篩檢量表,例如受試者平常走路的行為模式,或許能夠進一步提升準確率,找出失智的高風險族群,並且提早治療,進一步控制患者的病情。According to research reports, if patients with early dementia can be treated with early intervention, the course of the disease can be delayed by about five years. If you ignore it or respond with a negative attitude, the patient's condition is likely to deteriorate rapidly in the next one or two years. At present, the very early dementia screening scale (AD8) is a simple, low-cost, convenient and fast screening method. However, if there is a method that can assist or replace the AD8 screening scale through an automatic judgment mechanism, such as the subjects’ usual walking behavior patterns, it may be able to further improve the accuracy, identify high-risk groups of dementia, and treat them earlier , To further control the patient's condition.
現有的個人行跡偵測裝置(例如智慧手錶、智慧手環),雖然可以利用GPS定位而測得個人的移動路徑,但因為GPS訊號無法深入至室內,故其無法應用於室內的追蹤。Existing personal track detection devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets) can use GPS positioning to measure a person's moving path, but because GPS signals cannot penetrate indoors, they cannot be used for indoor tracking.
依據本發明一實施例之監測系統,包括一攝影機,用以擷取一監測區域內的影像;一身分辨識裝置,用以從該影像中辨識一第一待測者的一一改這裏身分,並且依據該身分提供一第一識別符;以及一處理單元;該處理單元依據該影像,紀錄該第一待測者的一第一行走路徑,並且將該第一行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯;當該處理單元偵測到該第一待測者在該影像中遭到遮蔽或消失時,中斷該第一行走路徑的紀錄;當該處理單元偵測到一第二待測者出現在該影像中時,開始紀錄該第二待測者的一第二行走路徑,並且該身分辨識裝置提供一第二識別符給出現的該第二待測者,該處理單元進一步將該第二行走路徑與該第二識別符相關聯;當該身分辨識裝置辨識到該第二待測者為該第一待測者時,該處理單元中斷該第二行走路徑的紀錄,開始紀錄該第一待測者的一第三行走路徑,並且將該第三行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯;當該第一、第二及第三行走路徑符合一特定條件,該處理單元將該第二行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯,且依時序將該第一、第二與第三行走路徑相銜接,而得到該第一待測者的一完整行走路徑。A monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a camera for capturing an image in a monitoring area; a body recognition device for recognizing the identity of a first test subject from the image, And provide a first identifier according to the identity; and a processing unit; the processing unit records a first walking path of the first test subject according to the image, and the first walking path and the first identifier Correlation; when the processing unit detects that the first subject is occluded or disappears in the image, the recording of the first walking path is interrupted; when the processing unit detects a second subject Now in the image, start to record a second walking path of the second test subject, and the body identification device provides a second identifier to the second test subject appearing, the processing unit further performs the second test The walking path is associated with the second identifier; when the body identification device recognizes that the second subject is the first subject, the processing unit interrupts the recording of the second walking path and starts recording the first A third walking path of the test subject, and associate the third walking path with the first identifier; when the first, second, and third walking paths meet a specific condition, the processing unit applies the second The walking path is associated with the first identifier, and the first, second, and third walking paths are connected in time sequence to obtain a complete walking path of the first test subject.
如上所述之監測系統,其中,該第一、第二及第三行走路徑所符合的該特定條件,包括該第一待測者在該第一行走路徑的終點時的位置及時間,可與在該第二行走路徑的始點時的位置及時間相匹配;以及第一該待測者在該第二行走路徑的終點時的位置及時間,可與在第三行走路徑的始點時的位置及時間相匹配。The monitoring system as described above, wherein the specific conditions that the first, second and third walking paths meet, including the position and time of the first subject at the end of the first walking path, can be compared with The position and time at the starting point of the second walking path match; and the position and time of the first test subject at the end of the second walking path may be the same as at the beginning of the third walking path Match the location and time.
如上所述之監測系統,其中,當該第一待測者在該第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的位置差值小於等於一第一閾值,並且該第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的時間差值小於等於一第二閾值,則該處理單元判斷該第一待測者的該第一行走路徑,可與該第二行走路徑相匹配。The monitoring system as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the first walking path and the starting point of the second walking path is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the first walking path The time difference between the end point of and the start point of the second walking path is less than or equal to a second threshold, and the processing unit determines that the first walking path of the first subject can match the second walking path.
如上所述之監測系統,其中,當該第一待測者在該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的位置差值小於等於一第一閾值,並且該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的時間差值小於等於一第二閾值,則該處理單元判斷該第一待測者的該第二行走路徑,可與該第三行走路徑相匹配。The monitoring system as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the second walking path and the starting point of the third walking path is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second walking path The time difference between the end point of and the start point of the third walking path is less than or equal to a second threshold, then the processing unit determines that the second walking path of the first test subject can match the third walking path.
如上所述之監測系統,其中,當該第一待測者在該第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的位置差值大於該第一閾值,或第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的時間差值大於該第二閾值,則該處理單元判斷該第一待測者的該第一行走路徑與該第二行走路徑不相匹配,而不會將該第二行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯。The monitoring system as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the first walking path and the starting point of the second walking path is greater than the first threshold, or the end of the first walking path The time difference between the start point of the second walking path and the second threshold is greater than the second threshold, the processing unit determines that the first walking path of the first subject does not match the second walking path, and will not The second walking path is associated with the first identifier.
如上所述之監測系統,其中,當該第一待測者在該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的位置差值大於該第一閾值,或該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的時間差值大於該第二閾值,則該處理單元判斷該第一待測者的該第二行走路徑與該第三行走路徑不相匹配,而不會將該第二行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯。The monitoring system as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the second walking path and the starting point of the third walking path of the first subject is greater than the first threshold, or the second walking path The time difference between the end point and the start point of the third walking path is greater than the second threshold, then the processing unit determines that the second walking path of the first subject does not match the third walking path, and will not The second travel path is associated with the first identifier.
依據本發明一實施例之監測方法,適用於一監測系統,該監測系統利用一攝影機擷取一監測區域內的影像;該監測系統利用一身分辨識裝置從該影像中辨識一第一待測者的一一改這裏身分,並且依據該身分提供一第一識別符;該監測方法包括:依據該影像,紀錄該第一待測者的一第一行走路徑,並且將該第一行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯;當偵測到該第一待測者在該影像中遭到遮蔽或消失時,中斷該第一行走路徑的紀錄;當偵測到一第二待測者出現在該影像中時,開始紀錄該第二待測者的一第二行走路徑,並且該身分辨識裝置提供一第二識別符給出現的該第二待測者,進一步將該第二行走路徑與該第二識別符相關聯;當辨識到該第二待測者為該第一待測者時,中斷該第二行走路徑的紀錄,開始紀錄該第一待測者的一第三行走路徑,並且將該第三行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯;當該第一、第二及第三行走路徑符合一特定條件,將該第二行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯,且依時序將該第一、第二與第三行走路徑相銜接,而得到該第一待測者的一完整行走路徑。The monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention is suitable for a monitoring system that uses a camera to capture an image in a monitoring area; the monitoring system uses a body recognition device to identify a first person to be tested from the image The identity is changed here, and a first identifier is provided according to the identity; the monitoring method includes: recording a first walking path of the first subject according to the image, and the first walking path and the Is associated with the first identifier; when it is detected that the first person under test is obscured or disappeared in the image, the record of the first walking path is interrupted; when a second person is detected to appear in the image When the image is in the image, start to record a second walking path of the second test subject, and the body recognition device provides a second identifier to the second test subject that appears, and further the second walking path and the first test subject Two identifiers are associated; when it is recognized that the second subject is the first subject, the recording of the second walking path is interrupted, and a third walking path of the first subject is recorded, and the The third walking path is associated with the first identifier; when the first, second, and third walking paths meet a specific condition, the second walking path is associated with the first identifier, and the The first, second, and third walking paths are connected to obtain a complete walking path of the first subject.
如上所述之監測方法,其中,該第一、第二及第三行走路徑所符合的該特定條件,包括該第一待測者在該第一行走路徑的終點時的位置及時間,可與在該第二行走路徑的始點時的位置及時間相匹配;以及第一該待測者在該第二行走路徑的終點時的位置及時間,可與在第三行走路徑的始點時的位置及時間相匹配。The monitoring method as described above, wherein the specific conditions that the first, second and third walking paths meet, including the position and time of the first subject at the end of the first walking path, can be compared with The position and time at the start point of the second walking path match; and the position and time of the first test subject at the end of the second walking path may be the same as the position and time at the start point of the third walking path Match the location and time.
如上所述之監測方法,其中,當該第一待測者在該第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的位置差值小於等於一第一閾值,並且該第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的時間差值小於等於一第二閾值,則判斷該第一待測者的該第一行走路徑,可與該第二行走路徑相匹配。The monitoring method as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the first walking path and the starting point of the second walking path is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the first walking path The time difference between the end point of and the start point of the second walking path is less than or equal to a second threshold, then it is determined that the first walking path of the first test subject can match the second walking path.
如上所述之監測方法,其中,當該第一待測者在該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的位置差值小於等於一第一閾值,並且該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的時間差值小於等於一第二閾值,則判斷該第一待測者的該第二行走路徑,可與該第三行走路徑相匹配。The monitoring method as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the second walking path and the starting point of the third walking path is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second walking path The time difference between the end point of and the start point of the third walking path is less than or equal to a second threshold, then it is determined that the second walking path of the first test subject can match the third walking path.
如上所述之監測方法,其中,當該第一待測者在該第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的位置差值大於該第一閾值,或第一行走路徑的終點與該第二行走路徑的始點的時間差值大於該第二閾值,則判斷該第一待測者的該第一行走路徑與該第二行走路徑不相匹配,而不會將該第二行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯。The monitoring method as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the first walking path and the starting point of the second walking path of the first subject is greater than the first threshold, or the end of the first walking path If the time difference between the start point of the second walking path and the second threshold is greater than the second threshold, it is determined that the first walking path of the first subject does not match the second walking path, and the second walking path will not be matched. The walking path is associated with the first identifier.
如上所述之監測方法,其中,當該第一待測者在該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的位置差值大於該第一閾值,或該第二行走路徑的終點與該第三行走路徑的始點的時間差值大於該第二閾值,則判斷該第一待測者的該第二行走路徑與該第三行走路徑不相匹配,而不會將該第二行走路徑與該第一識別符相關聯。The monitoring method as described above, wherein, when the position difference between the end of the second walking path and the starting point of the third walking path of the first subject is greater than the first threshold, or the second walking path The time difference between the end point and the start point of the third walking path is greater than the second threshold, it is determined that the second walking path of the first subject does not match the third walking path, and the second walking path will not be matched. Two walking paths are associated with the first identifier.
第1圖為本發明實施例之監測系統方塊圖。如第1圖所示,監測系統100包括一攝影機102、身分辨識裝置104,以及一處理單元106。攝影機102用以擷取一監測區域內的影像108。舉例來說,攝影機102可為各種類型的攝影機,例如由電荷耦合元件(Charge-coupled Device:CCD)感測器或互補式金屬氧化物半導體(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor:CMOS)感測器所構成的各式攝影機。在本實施例中,攝影機102的數量並不限定為1,基於不同的監測應用,亦可利用複數攝影機擷取該監測區域的影像,因而擴大該監測區域的範圍。Figure 1 is a block diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the
身分辨識裝置104從該監測區域內的影像108中辨識一待測者的一身分,並且依據該身分提供一識別符110。身分辨識裝置104包括各式可從影像中辨識出目標人物身分的裝置,例如人臉辨識裝置、人體辨識裝置、行走姿態辨識裝置…等。處理單元106可為任何桌上型電腦、筆記型電腦、伺服器,或智慧型手機的處理器,透過執行儲存在一儲存裝置的一應用程式,進而將該待測者在該監測區內的一行走路徑,紀錄於該儲存裝置中,並且將該行走路徑與身分辨識裝置104所提供的識別符110相關聯。The
第2圖為本發明實施例第1圖監測系統監測一待測者的行走路徑示意圖。如第2圖所示,在攝影機102所擷取的影像108中,身分辨識裝置104辨識到一第一待測者200及一第三待測者202。第一待測者200及第三待測者202分別沿著所標示箭頭的方向行走,並且在過程中,第三待測者202在影像108中遮蔽了第一待測者200,使得第一待測者200有短暫時間消失在影像108之中。首先,處理單元106依據影像108,紀錄第一待測者200的一第一行走路徑210。由於身分辨識裝置104已辨識到第一待測者200,因此提供一第一識別符A,用以標記第一待測者200;以及提供一第三識別符B,用以標記第三待測者202。接著,處理單元106係將第一行走路徑210與第一識別符A相關聯,而確認第一行走路徑210是第一待測者200的行走路徑。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the walking path of a person under test monitored by the monitoring system in Figure 1 of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, in the
當處理單元106偵測到第一待測者200在影像108中遭到遮蔽或消失(例如遭到第三待測者202的遮蔽或者是其他障礙物而消失),處理單元106中斷第一行走路徑210的紀錄。在另一實施例中,處理單元106可能因為第一待測者200離開該監測區域,而消失在影像108之中,因而中斷第一行走路徑210的紀錄。在第一待測者200與第三待測者202交錯而過後,第一待測者200重新出現在影像108之中。然而,此時身分辨識裝置104尚未辨識出這一新出現的待測者就是第一待測者200,因此當第一待測者200重新出現在影像108之中時,處理單元106視為偵測到一第二待測者204(不同於第一待測者200),而開始記錄第二待測者204的一第二行走路徑212,並且身分辨識裝置104提供一第二識別符(C)給出現的第二待測者204。其中,該第二識別符(C)表示一未知識別符。處理單元106進一步將第二行走路徑212與第二識別符(C)相關聯,確認第二行走路徑212是第二待測者204的行走路徑。
When the
當身分辨識裝置104辨識到第二待測者204與第一待測者200為同一人時,處理單元106中斷第二行走路徑212的紀錄,而開始記錄第一待測者200的一第三行走路徑214,並且將第三行走路徑214與第一識別符A相關聯。接著,處理單元106開始比對第一行走路徑210、第二行走路徑212,及第三行走路徑214是否符合一特定條件,用以作為是否將第二行走路徑212與第一識別符A相關聯的依據。舉例來說,當第一待測者200在第一行走路徑210的終點時的位置及時間,可與在第二行走路徑212的始點時的位置及時間相匹配,以及第一待測者200(已知道第二待測者204與第一待測者200為同一人)在第二行走路徑的終點時的位置及時間,可與在第三行走路徑214的始點時的位置及時間相匹配,則處理單元106判斷符合該特定條件,而將第二行走路徑212與第一識別符A相關聯,確認第二行走路徑212是第一待測者200的行走路徑。
When the
進一步來說,當第一待測者200在第一行走路徑210的終點與第二行走路徑212的始點的位置差值小於等於一第一閾值(例如50公分或1公尺),並且第一行走路徑210的終點與第二行走路徑212的始點的時間差值小於等於一第二閾值(例如1秒或3秒),則處理單元106判斷第一待測者200的第一行走路徑210,可與第二行走路徑212相匹配。該第一閾值及該第二閾值可依不同的應用狀況做調整,不限於上述例示之數值。當第一待測者200在第二行走路徑212的終點與第三行走路徑214的始點的位置差值小於等於該第一閾值,並且第二行走路徑212的終點與第三行走路徑214的始點的時間差值小於等於該第二閾值,則處理單元106判斷第一待測者200的第二行走路徑212,可與第三行走路徑214相匹配。Furthermore, when the position difference between the end of the
當第一待測者200的第一行走路徑210,可與第二行走路徑212相匹配,且第二行走路徑212可與第三行走路徑214相匹配,則處理單元106判斷符合該特定條件,而將第二行走路徑212與第一識別符A相關聯,確認第二行走路徑212是第一待測者200的行走路徑。接著,處理單元106依時序將第一行走路徑210、第二行走路徑212,及第三行走路徑214相銜接,而得到第一待測者200的一完整行走路徑。When the
相反地,當第一待測者200在第一行走路徑210的終點與第二行走路徑212的始點的位置差值大於該第一閾值,並且第一行走路徑210的終點與第二行走路徑212的始點的時間差值大於該第二閾值,則處理單元106判斷第一待測者200的第一行走路徑210,不與第二行走路徑212相匹配。當第一待測者200在第二行走路徑212的終點與第三行走路徑214的始點的位置差值大於該第一閾值,並且第二行走路徑212的終點與第三行走路徑214的始點的時間差值大於該第二閾值,則處理單元106判斷第一待測者200的第二行走路徑212,不與第三行走路徑214相匹配。因此,處理單元106不會將第二行走路徑212與第一識別符A相關聯。
Conversely, when the position difference between the end point of the
第3圖為本發明實施例第1圖監測系統之監測方法流程圖。如第3圖所示,處理單元106依據影像108,紀錄第一待測者200的一第一行走路徑210,並且將第一行走路徑210與第一識別符A相關聯(S300)。接著,當處理單元106偵測到第一待測者200在影像108中遭到遮蔽或消失,則中斷第一行走路徑210的紀錄(S302)。當處理單元106偵測到一第二待測者204出現在影像108中時,開始紀錄第二待測者204的一第二行走路徑212,並且身分辨識裝置104提供一第二識別符(C)給出現的第二待測者204,處理單元106進一步將第二行走路徑212與該第二識別符(C)相關聯(S304)。當身分辨識裝置104辨識到第二待測者204為第一待測者200時,處理單元106中斷第二行走路徑212的紀錄,開始紀錄第一待測者200的一第三行走路徑214,並且將第三行走路徑214與第一識別符A相關聯(S306)。最後,當該第一行走路徑210、第二行走路徑212,及第三行走路徑214符合一特定條件,處理單元106將第二行走路徑212與第一識別符A相關聯,且依時序將該第一行走路徑210、第二行走路徑212,與第三行走路徑214相銜接,而得到第一待測者200的一完整行走路徑(S308)。其中,步驟S308的該特定條件已於本說明書第[0021]-[0022]段中敘述,故不再贅述。Figure 3 is a flowchart of the monitoring method of the monitoring system in Figure 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the
依據本發明所述之監測裝置及監測方法,可得知一目標人物的一完整行走路徑,並判斷是否有不正常的行為模式,例如步伐搖擺、路徑迂迴不定..等。未來,該完整行走路徑可與失智症行為做進一步的關聯性分析。According to the monitoring device and the monitoring method of the present invention, a complete walking path of a target person can be known, and it can be judged whether there is an abnormal behavior pattern, such as swaying steps, winding paths, etc. In the future, this complete walking path can be further correlated with dementia behavior.
雖然本發明的實施例如上述所描述,我們應該明白上述所呈現的只是範例,而不是限制。依據本實施例上述示範實施例的許多改變是可以在沒有違反發明精神及範圍下被執行。因此,本發明的廣度及範圍不該被上述所描述的實施例所限制。更確切地說,本發明的範圍應該要以以下的申請專利範圍及其相等物來定義。Although the embodiments of the present invention are as described above, we should understand that what is presented above is only an example, not a limitation. According to this embodiment, many changes of the above exemplary embodiment can be implemented without violating the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiments described above. More precisely, the scope of the present invention should be defined by the following patented scope and its equivalents.
100 ~ 監測系統 102 ~ 攝影機 104 ~ 身分辨識裝置 106 ~ 處理單元 108 ~ 影像 110 ~ 識別符 200 ~ 第一待測者 202 ~ 第三待測者 204 ~ 第二待測者 210 ~ 第一行走路徑100 ~
212:第二行走路徑 212: Second walking path
214:第三行走路徑 214: Third walking path
ID:A:第一識別符 ID: A: first identifier
ID:B:第三識別符 ID: B: third identifier
ID:C:第二識別符 ID: C: second identifier
第1圖為本發明實施例之監測系統方塊圖。 第2圖為本發明實施例第1圖監測系統監測一待測者的行走路徑示意圖。 第3圖為本發明實施例第1圖監測系統之監測方法流程圖。Figure 1 is a block diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the walking path of a person under test monitored by the monitoring system in Figure 1 of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a flowchart of the monitoring method of the monitoring system in Figure 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
200:第一待測者 200: first candidate
202:第三待測者 202: The third candidate
204:第二待測者 204: The second candidate
210:第一行走路徑 210: First walking path
212:第二行走路徑 212: Second walking path
214:第三行走路徑 214: Third walking path
ID:A:第一識別符 ID: A: first identifier
ID:B:第三識別符 ID: B: third identifier
ID:C:第二識別符 ID: C: second identifier
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US20060120564A1 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-06-08 | Taro Imagawa | Human identification apparatus and human searching/tracking apparatus |
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