TWI693060B - Conscious type interpupillary distance measuring device - Google Patents
Conscious type interpupillary distance measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明係包括一光學主架、一瞳孔視線測量框架及一伸縮調整組件。光學主架具有對應雙眼視線之二鏡片,瞳孔視線測量框架具有二瞳孔視線測量部,每一瞳孔視線測量部具有一視線測量孔,其可被自覺性調整。伸縮調整組件樞設於光學主架與瞳孔視線測量框架之間,用以調整其間之距離。藉此,當雙眼之視線分別經二鏡片、二視線測量孔,觀看一視標,係達成可透過相似三角形之推算得到雙眼之瞳孔距離及二圓框部兩幾何中心距離之結構。故,本案達到兼具自覺式瞳孔間距量測較符合實際視覺感受、不需高昂設備成本低,及可計算出眼球旋轉中心距離等優點。The invention includes an optical main frame, a pupil sight measuring frame and a telescopic adjustment component. The optical main frame has two lenses corresponding to the binocular sight. The pupil sight measuring frame has two pupil sight measuring parts. Each pupil sight measuring part has a sight measuring hole, which can be adjusted consciously. The telescopic adjustment component is pivotally arranged between the optical main frame and the pupil sight measuring frame, for adjusting the distance therebetween. In this way, when the line of sight of the two eyes respectively passes through the two lenses and the two line of sight measuring holes to look at a target, a structure that can obtain the pupil distance of the two eyes and the two geometric center distances of the two circular frame parts through the calculation of similar triangles is achieved. Therefore, this case achieves the advantages of conscious interpupillary distance measurement which is more in line with the actual visual experience, does not require high equipment cost, and can calculate the center distance of eye rotation.
Description
本發明係有關一種自覺式瞳孔間距量測裝置,尤指一種兼具自覺式瞳孔間距量測較符合實際視覺感受、不需高昂設備成本低,及可計算出眼球旋轉中心距離之自覺式瞳孔間距量測裝置。The invention relates to a conscious pupil distance measuring device, in particular to a conscious pupil distance which has conscious pupil distance measurement which is more in line with actual visual experience, does not require high equipment cost, and can calculate the distance of eyeball rotation center distance Measuring device.
目前眼鏡之配鏡驗光,主要以相關之驗光設備,配合合格驗光師之經驗進行驗光,然而,驗光過程使用之驗光設備及試戴鏡架,跟配戴者最後實際配戴之眼鏡,其光學角度設計不同,無法完整預期知道是否符合配戴者之實際光學矯正參數。 最重要的是,驗光中之瞳孔距離(Pupillary Distance,簡稱PD)是使用儀器快速量測,量測當下若配戴者視線稍有偏動,驗光師可能不會發現,則量測數據可有偏差。至於鏡架之兩幾何中心距離(Frame PD,簡稱FPD)通常是以配戴者自行挑選的鏡框而定,有可能影響配戴者之視覺感受。 不舒適的眼鏡廣義因素有二,其一是瞳孔距離(PD)與鏡片光學中心不同軸,誘發稜鏡(prism)效應,其二是鏡框彎弧調整不當,使鏡片光軸(optical axis)與眼睛視軸(visual axis)不同時誘發畸變(distortion)像差效應。而這兩部分,由於引導式驗光的過程短暫,加上不是由配戴者自覺式的視線感受,可能無法被檢驗出來,以致造成配鏡後的視覺不適。 有鑑於此,必須研發出可解決上述習用缺點之技術。 At present, the optometry of eyeglasses is mainly carried out with the relevant optometry equipment and the experience of qualified optometrists. However, the optometry equipment and trial frames used in the optometry process are the same as the glasses actually worn by the wearer. The angle design is different, and it is impossible to fully predict whether it conforms to the actual optical correction parameters of the wearer. The most important thing is that the pupillary distance (Pupillary Distance, referred to as PD) in optometry is quickly measured using an instrument. If the wearer's line of sight is slightly biased at the moment, the optometrist may not find it, and the measurement data may be deviation. As for the geometric center distance (Frame PD, FPD for short) of the frame, it is usually determined by the frame selected by the wearer, which may affect the visual experience of the wearer. There are two broad factors for uncomfortable glasses. One is that the pupil distance (PD) and the optical center of the lens are on different axes, which induces the prism effect. The other is the improper adjustment of the curved arc of the frame, which makes the optical axis of the lens different from the optical axis. The visual axis of the eye does not simultaneously induce distortion aberration effects. The two parts, due to the short process of guided optometry and the visual sensation not consciously worn by the wearer, may not be able to be detected, resulting in visual discomfort after wearing glasses. In view of this, it is necessary to develop technology that can solve the above-mentioned conventional shortcomings.
本發明之目的,在於提供一種自覺式瞳孔間距量測裝置,其兼具自覺式瞳孔間距量測較符合實際視覺感受、不需高昂設備成本低,及可計算出眼球旋轉中心距離等優點。特別是,本發明所欲解決之問題係在於傳統驗光設備跟配戴者最後實際配戴之眼鏡,其光學角度設計不同,加上引導式驗光的過程短暫,可能造成配鏡後瞳孔距離與鏡片光學中心不同軸,誘發稜鏡效應,再則鏡框彎弧調整不當,使鏡片光軸與眼睛視軸不同時誘發畸變像差效應,以致造成配鏡後的視覺不適等問題。 解決上述問題之技術手段係提供一種自覺式瞳孔間距量測裝置,其包括: 一光學主架,係選自試鏡架、一般眼鏡其中一者; 當選自該試鏡架時,係具有二圓框部及四個鏡片卡合部;該四個鏡片卡合部分別設於該二圓框部上,而分別用以插置至少一鏡片; 當選自該一般眼鏡時,係具有該二圓框部,該每一圓框部上係設該鏡片;該每一鏡片係用以對應配戴者之雙眼之視線的其中一者; 一瞳孔視線測量框架,係對應該光學主架而設,該瞳孔視線測量框架係具有一本體部、二活動框部、二瞳孔視線測量部及二第一固定部;該本體部係對應該二活動框部,而具有至少一框槽,該每一活動框部係具有互呈背對之一插置端部及一調整端部,該插置端部係供該活動框部插設於該框槽,並可相對水平移動調整;該調整端部係供該瞳孔視線測量部插入,並可相對移動,且可相對轉動,該瞳孔視線測量部係具有一視線測量孔,其係對應該雙眼之該視線的其中一者,該每一第二固定部係螺設於該本體部,當相對應之該活動框部與該框槽相對水平移動調整至定位後,用以螺鎖固定該活動框部; 複數個伸縮調整組件,係分別樞設於該光學主架與該瞳孔視線測量框架之間;該每一伸縮調整組件係隨該雙眼之該視線的其中一者,而用以獨立調整該光學主架與該瞳孔視線測量框架之間的距離; 藉此,當該配戴者之該雙眼之該視線,分別經該至少二鏡片、該二視線測量孔,觀看一視標,係達成可透過相似三角形之推算而得到該雙眼之瞳孔距離及該二圓框部之兩幾何中心距離之結構。 本發明之上述目的與優點,不難從下述所選用實施例之詳細說明與附圖中,獲得深入瞭解。 茲以下列實施例並配合圖式詳細說明本發明於後: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a conscious pupil distance measurement device, which has the advantages of conscious pupil distance measurement, which is more in line with actual visual experience, does not require high equipment cost, and can calculate the center distance of eye rotation. In particular, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional optometry equipment differs from the glasses actually worn by the wearer. The optical angle design is different. In addition, the guided optometry process is short, which may cause the pupil distance and lens The different axes of the optical center induce the prism effect, and then the frame arc is not adjusted properly, which causes distortion and aberration effects when the optical axis of the lens is different from the visual axis of the eye, resulting in problems such as visual discomfort after fitting. The technical means to solve the above problem is to provide a self-conscious interpupillary distance measuring device, which includes: An optical main frame, selected from one of trial frames and general glasses; When selected from the trial frame, it has two round frame parts and four lens engaging parts; the four lens engaging parts are respectively arranged on the two round frame parts, and are respectively used for inserting at least one lens; When selected from the general glasses, it has the two round frame parts, and each round frame part is provided with the lens; each lens is used to correspond to one of the eyes of the wearer's eyes; A pupil sight measuring frame corresponding to the optical main frame, the pupil sight measuring frame has a body part, two movable frame parts, two pupil sight measuring parts and two first fixing parts; the body part corresponds to two The movable frame portion has at least one frame slot, and each movable frame portion has an insertion end and an adjustment end facing away from each other, and the insertion end is for the movable frame portion to be inserted in the The frame groove can be adjusted relative to the horizontal movement; the adjustment end is for the pupil sight measuring part to be inserted, and can be relatively moved, and can be relatively rotated, the pupil sight measuring part has a sight measuring hole, which corresponds to the double In one of the eyes of the eye, each second fixing portion is screwed on the body portion, and when the corresponding horizontal movement of the movable frame portion and the frame groove is adjusted to be positioned horizontally, it is used to screw and fix the Activity frame A plurality of telescopic adjustment components are respectively pivotally arranged between the optical main frame and the pupil sight measuring frame; each telescopic adjustment component follows one of the sight lines of the two eyes to independently adjust the optical The distance between the main frame and the pupil sight measuring frame; In this way, when the line of sight of the eyes of the wearer is respectively viewed through the at least two lenses and the two line of sight measuring holes, a visual mark can be obtained so that the pupil distance of the eyes can be obtained through the calculation of similar triangles And the structure of the distance between the two geometric centers of the two circular frame parts. The above objects and advantages of the present invention are not difficult to gain an in-depth understanding from the following detailed description and drawings of selected embodiments. The following examples and drawings are used to explain the present invention in detail:
參閱第1、第2A、第2B及第3圖,本發明係為一自覺式瞳孔間距量測裝置,其包括:
一光學主架1,係選自試鏡架10A、一般眼鏡10B(可參考第11A、第11B及第12圖)其中一者;
當選自該試鏡架10A時,係具有二圓框部11及四個鏡片卡合部12;該四個鏡片卡合部12分別設於該二圓框部11上,而分別用以插置至少一鏡片91;
當選自該一般眼鏡10B(可參考第8圖,其鏡腳係予省略未示,合先陳明)時,係具有該二圓框部11,該每一圓框部11上係設該鏡片91;該每一鏡片91係用以對應配戴者之雙眼92之視線X1、X2的其中一者。
一瞳孔視線測量框架20,係對應該光學主架1而設,該瞳孔視線測量框架20係具有一本體部21、二活動框部22、二瞳孔視線測量部23及二第一固定部24。該本體部21係對應該二活動框部22,而具有至少一框槽211,該每一活動框部22係具有互呈背對之一插置端部22A及一調整端部22B,該插置端部22A係供該活動框部22插設於該框槽211,並可相對水平移動調整(如第9圖所示,相對移動處可設置例如尺規…等易於判別調整距離者,此為公知技術。)。
該調整端部22B係供該瞳孔視線測量部23插入,並可相對移動,且可相對轉動,該瞳孔視線測量部23係具有一視線測量孔231,其係對應該雙眼92之該視線X1、X2的其中一者,該每一第二固定部24係螺設於該本體部21,當相對應之該活動框部22與該框槽211相對水平移動調整至定位後,用以螺鎖固定該活動框部22。
複數個伸縮調整組件30,係分別樞設於該光學主架1與該瞳孔視線測量框架20之間。該每一伸縮調整組件30係隨該雙眼92之該視線X1、X2的其中一者,而用以獨立調整該光學主架1與該瞳孔視線測量框架20之間的距離。
藉此,當該配戴者之該雙眼92之該視線X1、X2,分別經該至少二鏡片91、該二視線測量孔231,觀看一視標G(如第7圖所示),係達成可透過相似三角形之推算而得到該雙眼92之瞳孔距離(Pupillary Distance,簡稱PD)及該二圓框部11之兩幾何中心距離(FPD)之結構。
實務上,該試鏡架10A進一步又可包括一中央架體111,該二圓框部11之相對內側係分別插設於該中央架體111,並可分別相對移動調整(相對移動處可設置例如尺規…等易於判別調整距離者,此為公知技術,圖面未示,合先陳明)。
藉此,可分別對應調整該每一鏡片91對應該配戴者之該雙眼92之該視線X1、X2。
該試鏡架10A可為眼鏡型試鏡架、綜合驗光儀試鏡架、桌上型試鏡架其中至少一者。
當為眼鏡型試鏡架時,又包括一對眼鏡腳40,係由該試鏡架10A延伸出(如第4圖所示),與該複數個水平延伸調整組件30互呈反向,該對眼鏡腳40供該配戴者配戴。
當為綜合驗光儀試鏡架時,即是將該試鏡架10A固定於公知綜合驗光儀即可,固定方式不限。
當為桌上型試鏡架時,又包括一驗光托架50,係由該試鏡架10A延伸出(如第5圖所示,延伸或是固定方式不拘),與該複數個水平延伸調整組件30互呈反向,該驗光托架50係包括固定框本體51、一下巴托桿52及一額頭抵桿53,該下巴托桿51及該額頭抵桿52係分別從該固定框51上延伸出,分別用以供該配戴者之下巴及頭部抵靠。
該框槽211可為單通道結構、二盲孔結構其中一者。
當為單通道結構,係對應該二活動框部22,而橫向貫穿該本體部21者(如第2B圖所示)。
當為二盲孔結構,係對應該二活動框部22,而分別橫向內凹於該本體部21者。
該每一調整端部22B係具有相對應之一上凹槽221及一下凹槽222。該上、該下凹槽221及222係用以供該瞳孔視線測量部23裝入定位。
該瞳孔視線測量部23可為對應該上、該下凹槽221及222之圓形板件。
該瞳孔視線測量部23可為馬篤氏鏡、任意同原理之驗光量測結構其中一者。
該瞳孔視線測量孔231可為長條狀孔、針孔、任意同原理之光學測量孔其中一者。
藉此,當受到一外力(例如以手指轉動),該瞳孔視線測量部23係可原位旋轉至預定角度(圓形板件轉動為必可達成之公知技術,又相對轉動處可設置例如圓形尺規…等易於判別調整距離者,此為公知技術,圖面未示,合先陳明)。
該第一固定部24可為螺絲結構。
該每一伸縮調整組件30可具有一固定管部31、一伸縮桿部32及一第二固定部33。該每一固定管部31係一端樞接該光學主架1,該伸縮桿部32係一端可伸縮的插設於該固定管部31之另端,且該伸縮桿部32係另端樞接該本體部21之該二活動框部22其中一者。該第二固定部33係螺設於該固定管部31,當該伸縮桿部32與該固定管部31伸縮達定位後(如第10圖所示,相對移動處可設置例如尺規…等易於判別調整距離者,此為公知技術,圖面未示,合先陳明),用以螺鎖固定該伸縮桿部32。
第二固定部33可為螺絲結構。
本發明之使用過程,假設該至少二鏡片91符合(或是相當接近,並可於測量後再微調度數)該雙眼92之度數。則由該配戴者配戴該自覺式瞳孔間距量測裝置,在該雙眼92的該視線X1及X2(參閱第3、第4、第5及第6圖)先後透過該鏡片91及該視線測量孔231,朝一視標G觀看的過程中,開始進行自覺式瞳孔間距量測:
首先,遮蔽一眼量測另一睜開之眼,再由配戴者自行轉動與睜開之眼相對應之該瞳孔視線測量部23,轉動過程必需保持能透過該視線測量孔231看到該視標G,且至少要轉動到該視線測量孔231分別呈180度與呈90度(可配合角度標示,此為必可達成之公知技術,恕不贅述,合先陳明)的兩個位置,當然,一開始可能因為位置略有偏差而看不到該視標G,此時可由相關之醫護或驗光人員協助進行下列其中至少一者調整:
[a] 瞳孔視線測量部調整。控制該瞳孔視線測量部23與該調整端部22B相對移動或是相對轉動,如此先微調而使該瞳孔視線測量部23移至該視線測量孔231位於該視線X1、X2其中之一上。
[b] 瞳孔視線測量框架調整。旋鬆相對應之該第一固定部24,控制該活動框部22與該框槽211相對移動,如此先微調而使該瞳孔視線測量部23移至該視線測量孔231位於該視線X1、X2其中之一上。復旋緊該第一固定部24。
[b] 伸縮調整組件調整。旋鬆相對應之該第二固定部33,控制該伸縮桿部32與該固定管部31相對伸縮至適當位置,復旋緊該第二固定部33。
藉前述三個調整動作的至少其中一者後,該瞳孔視線測量部23轉動至該視線測量孔231分別為180度(呈水平)與90度(呈垂直)兩個位置,皆應可看到該視標G。如此重覆同樣動作量測另一眼,當同時睜開該雙眼92,可達成兩視線X1及X2聚焦於該視標G(如第7圖所示)。這樣的過程,是由配戴者依自覺轉動、移動該瞳孔視線測量部23,進而決定其視覺中心位置。
參閱第7圖,此時該二視線測量孔231分別具有一視線孔點位A及B,其間具有一視線孔距離H。該二鏡片91分別具有一鏡軸點位C及D,其間具有一鏡軸距離FPD(也可以說是該二圓框部11之兩幾何中心距離)。該二雙眼92分別具有一瞳孔點位E及F,其間具有一瞳孔距離PD。該視標G與該瞳孔視線測量框架20之間具有一第一距離M1,該瞳孔視線測量框架20與該光學主架1之間具有一第二距離M2,該光學主架1與該雙眼92之間具有一第三距離M3,再透過相似三角形之推算,產生下列關係:
GA:H=GC:FPD=GE:PD。
M1:H=(M1+M2):FPD=(M1+M2+M3):PD。
亦即,最後可推算而確認該瞳孔距離PD及該二圓框部11之兩幾何中心距離(即鏡軸距離FPD)。
而可再提高該雙眼92之融像,使配戴者視覺感受更舒適。
另外,本案還可以計算出眼球旋轉中心距離。請參閱第13圖,先定義雙眼之中心點J及K,假設該視標G為遠方視標(例如M1為500公分),經過前述之方法確定雙眼92之融像後,則可以將相關數據記錄下。
之後,再將原有視標G往配戴者移動成為一近方視標G',該近方視標G’與該瞳孔視線測量框架20之間具有一近方第一距離M1'(假設為250公分),再經過前述之方法確定雙眼92之融像後,則可以將相關數據記錄下。
利用三角形GJK及三角形G'JK之幾何關係,即可由已知的M1及AB得知GA與GB之夾角;同理,再由已知的M1'及近方視線孔點位A'及B'得知G'A'與G'B'之夾角(同理,由近方鏡軸點位C’及D’可得知G’C’與G'D'之夾角)。利用已知數學計算(公知技術,恕不贅述),即可解出三角形GJK及三角形G'JK之共同底邊JK(即眼球旋轉中心距離),因此,本案還兼具有可計算出眼球旋轉中心距離之功效。這個數據對驗光配鏡領域而言,非常有幫助。
本發明之優點及功效係如下所述:
[1] 自覺式瞳孔間距量測較符合實際視覺感受。本發明設置可調式的光學主架、瞳孔視線測量框架及伸縮調整組件,在經過各元件的調整後,配戴者以自己視線,於轉動過程中,能透過視線測量孔自覺式清楚的看到視標,再記錄各元件調整後的數據,配合進行鏡片裝設於鏡架及調整,較能呈現於驗光當時的各項數據,進而提高實際配戴眼鏡的舒適感。故,自覺式瞳孔間距量測較符合實際視覺感受。
[2] 不需高昂設備成本低。本發明為公知驗光設備(例如光學主架及鏡片)及簡單的支架結構(瞳孔視線測量框架及伸縮調整組件)構成,沒有複雜的電子設備,不需繁瑣的操作步驟,只要會驗光便能引導配戴者使用。故,不需高昂設備成本低。
[3] 可計算出眼球旋轉中心距離。只要進行兩次作業( 一個較遠的視標及一近方視標),利用兩三角形之幾何關係,經過數學計算即可計算出眼球旋轉中心距離,對驗光配鏡領域而言,非常有幫助。
以上僅是藉由較佳實施例詳細說明本發明,對於該實施例所做的任何簡單修改與變化,皆不脫離本發明之精神與範圍。
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2A, 2B, and 3, the present invention is a conscious pupil distance measurement device, which includes:
An optical
1:光學主架
10A:試鏡架
10B:一般眼鏡
111:中央架體
11:圓框部
12:鏡片卡合部
20:瞳孔視線測量框架
21:本體部
211:框槽
22:二活動框部
22A:插置端部
22B:調整端部
221:上凹槽
222:下凹槽
23:瞳孔視線測量部
231:視線測量孔
24:第一固定部
30:伸縮調整組件
31:固定管部
32:伸縮桿部
33:第二固定部
40:眼鏡腳
50:驗光托架
51:固定框本體
52:下巴托桿
53:額頭抵桿
91:鏡片
92:雙眼
G:視標
G’:近方視標
X1、X2:視線
A、B:視線孔點位
A’、B’:近方視線孔點位
C、D:鏡軸點位
C’、D’:近方鏡軸點位
J、K:雙眼之中心點
H:視線孔距離
FPD:鏡軸距離
E、F:瞳孔點位
PD:瞳孔距離
M1:第一距離
M1’:近方第一距離
M2:第二距離
M3:第三距離1: Optical
第1圖係本發明之分解之示意圖 第2A圖係本發明之伸縮調整組件之局部剖視圖 第2B圖係本發明之瞳孔視線測量框架之局部剖視圖 第3圖係本發明之雙眼視線與鏡片軸心及視線測量孔之對應關係之示意圖 第4圖係本發明之試鏡架之第一實施例之示意圖 第5圖係本發明之試鏡架之第二實施例之示意圖 第6圖係本發明之應用例之示意圖 第7圖係第6圖之各元件間之對應關係之示意圖 第8圖係本發明之光學主架之示意圖 第9圖係本發明之插置端部與框槽相對位置設置尺規量測相對水平移動調整距離之應用例 第10圖係本發明之伸縮桿部與固定管部相對位置設置尺規量測相對移動調整距離之應用例 第11A圖係本發明之一般眼鏡之水平感測應用例之示意圖 第11B圖係第11A圖之其他角度之示意圖 第12圖係本發明之一般眼鏡之前傾角感測應用例之示意圖 第13圖係本發明之檢測眼球旋轉中心之應用例之示意圖 Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view of the present invention Figure 2A is a partial cross-sectional view of the telescopic adjustment assembly of the present invention Figure 2B is a partial cross-sectional view of the pupil sight measuring frame of the present invention Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the binocular sight line of the present invention and the lens axis and sight line measuring hole Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the trial frame of the present invention Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the trial frame of the present invention Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an application example of the present invention Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the components of Figure 6 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the optical main frame of the present invention FIG. 9 is an example of application of a ruler to measure the relative horizontal movement adjustment distance between the insertion end and the frame groove of the present invention Fig. 10 is an application example of the relative position of the telescopic rod part and the fixed tube part of the present invention with a ruler to measure the relative movement adjustment distance FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of an application example of level sensing of general glasses of the present invention Figure 11B is a schematic diagram of other angles of Figure 11A FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an application example of the front tilt sensing of general glasses of the present invention Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an application example of detecting the rotation center of the eyeball of the present invention
1:光學主架 1: Optical main frame
10A:試鏡架 10A: trial frame
11:圓框部 11: Round frame part
111:中央架體 111: Central frame
12:鏡片卡合部 12: Lens engagement part
20:瞳孔視線測量框架 20: Pupil sight measurement frame
21:本體部 21: Main body
211:框槽 211: Frame slot
22:二活動框部 22: Second activity frame
22A:插置端部 22A: Insert the end
22B:調整端部 22B: Adjust the end
221:上凹槽 221: Upper groove
222:下凹槽 222: Lower groove
23:瞳孔視線測量部 23: Pupil sight measurement unit
231:視線測量孔 231: line of sight measuring hole
24:第一固定部 24: First fixed part
30:伸縮調整組件 30: Telescopic adjustment components
31:固定管部 31: fixed tube
32:伸縮桿部 32: Telescopic pole
33:第二固定部 33: Second fixed part
40:眼鏡腳 40: Spectacles
91:鏡片 91: Lens
Claims (6)
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TW109115095A TWI772793B (en) | 2019-07-18 | 2020-05-06 | Auxiliary device for detecting visual focal length, and conscious interpupillary distance measuring device using the same |
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