TWI690503B - Manufacturing method of lightweight construction materials using organic sludge waste - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of lightweight construction materials using organic sludge waste Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種製備輕質骨材的方法,特別是指一種用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法。The invention relates to a method for preparing lightweight bone materials, in particular to a method for preparing lightweight bone materials using organic sludge.
將廢棄物轉化成有價值的資源,是現今的發展趨勢。其中,有機汙泥因含水率高,而不易處理且處理成本高,因此全世界皆投入資源研發將高含水率的有機汙泥資源化,以及減少處理成本。Turning waste into valuable resources is the current development trend. Among them, organic sludge is not easy to handle due to its high water content, and the treatment cost is high. Therefore, resources are invested in the world to develop high-moisture content organic sludge and reduce the treatment cost.
例如中國專利CN100584794C,提供一種利用汙泥製備陶粒輕骨料的方法,包括以下步驟:對含水率75至85%的脫水泥餅進行熱乾燥得到乾汙泥,接著將乾汙泥破碎、篩分,再加入粉煤灰攪拌,得到混合材料。利用粉末壓片機,將該混合材料擠壓成型,形成陶粒輕骨料坯料。再將陶粒輕骨料坯料加熱到350℃並停留20分鐘,以使有機物充分揮發排除。然後在1080至1100℃焙燒30分鐘,最後自然冷卻至室溫,得到陶粒輕骨料。For example, Chinese patent CN100584794C provides a method for preparing ceramsite light aggregate using sludge, which includes the following steps: thermally drying a dehydrated cake with a moisture content of 75 to 85% to obtain dry sludge, followed by crushing and sieving the dry sludge And then add fly ash and stir to obtain mixed materials. Using a powder tableting machine, the mixed material is extruded to form a ceramsite light aggregate blank. Then, the ceramsite light aggregate blank is heated to 350° C. and stayed for 20 minutes to allow the organic matter to fully evaporate. It is then baked at 1080 to 1100°C for 30 minutes, and finally naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain ceramsite light aggregate.
因此,本發明的目的,即在提供一種可以解決先前技術的至少一個問題的輕質骨材的製備方法。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a lightweight aggregate that can solve at least one problem of the prior art.
於是,本發明一種用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法,包含以下步驟: (a) 將有機汙泥進行水熱液化處理,形成包括灰分的混合物,其中,該有機汙泥的有機物含量範圍為大於40wt%以及含水率範圍為30至90wt%; (b) 將該混合物進行分離處理,使灰分從該混合物中分離;及 (c) 將從混合物中分離出來的該灰分進行燒結處理,其中,該燒結處理的溫度範圍為800至1500℃。Therefore, the present invention provides a method for preparing lightweight aggregate using organic sludge, which includes the following steps: (a) subjecting the organic sludge to hydrothermal liquefaction treatment to form a mixture including ash, wherein the organic content of the organic sludge ranges Is greater than 40wt% and has a moisture content ranging from 30 to 90wt%; (b) separating the mixture to separate ash from the mixture; and (c) sintering the ash separated from the mixture, wherein The temperature range of the sintering treatment is 800 to 1500°C.
本發明的功效在於:本發明用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法透過該步驟(a)至(c),有效地將有機汙泥減量及資源化,將高含水率的有機汙泥轉化成具有利用價值的輕質骨材。The effect of the present invention is that the method of preparing light weight aggregates using organic sludge of the present invention effectively reduces and recycles the organic sludge through the steps (a) to (c), and transforms the organic sludge with high water content Into lightweight aggregate with valuable value.
本發明用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法包含步驟(a)至(c), 以下詳細說明各步驟。The method for preparing lightweight bone material using organic sludge in the present invention includes steps (a) to (c), and each step will be described in detail below.
該步驟(a) 中,將有機汙泥進行水熱液化處理,形成包括固態的灰分以及液態的生質油的混合物。其中,該有機汙泥的有機物的含量範圍為大於40wt%,以及含水率範圍為30至90wt%。該有機汙泥的來源例如但不限於來自於食品業、皮革業、下水道或自來水廠等的有機汙泥。In this step (a), the organic sludge is hydrothermally liquefied to form a mixture including solid ash and liquid biomass oil. Wherein, the content of organic matter in the organic sludge is greater than 40wt%, and the moisture content range is 30 to 90wt%. The source of the organic sludge is, for example but not limited to, organic sludge from the food industry, leather industry, sewers or waterworks.
該水熱液化處理(hydrothermal liquefaction,HTL)透過高溫高壓使水具有高的離子積([H +]×[OH -]),從而具有催化作用,促使該有機汙泥的有機物(例如多醣體、蛋白質、油脂等) 進行小分子化、水解、脫氧及聚合,形成該生質油。在本發明的一些實施態樣中,該水熱液化處理的溫度範圍為320至400℃,壓力範圍為10至22MPa,時間範圍為5至60分鐘。 The liquefied hydrothermal treatment (hydrothermal liquefaction, HTL) transmitted through the high temperature high pressure water has a high ion product ([H +] × [OH -]), thus having a catalytic action to promote the organic sludge is organic (e.g. polysaccharides, Proteins, fats, etc.) undergo small molecule formation, hydrolysis, deoxygenation, and polymerization to form this crude oil. In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature range of the hydrothermal liquefaction treatment is 320 to 400° C., the pressure range is 10 to 22 MPa, and the time range is 5 to 60 minutes.
在本發明的一些實施態樣中,是在一催化劑的存在下使該有機汙泥進行該水熱液化處理。該催化劑例如但不限於碳酸鉀(K 2CO 3)、碳酸鈉(Na 2CO 3)、氫氧化鉀(KOH)、氫氧化鈉(NaOH)或乙酸等。該催化劑的用量沒有特別限制,可依據有機汙泥的具體種類及用量自由調整。 In some embodiments of the present invention, the organic sludge is subjected to the hydrothermal liquefaction treatment in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is for example but not limited to potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ), sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or acetic acid. The amount of the catalyst is not particularly limited, and can be freely adjusted according to the specific type and amount of organic sludge.
該混合物的灰分源自於該催化劑、該有機汙泥中原有的無機物、該水熱液化處理後所產生的無機物,或上述的任意組合。The ash content of the mixture is derived from the catalyst, the original inorganic substances in the organic sludge, the inorganic substances generated after the hydrothermal liquefaction treatment, or any combination of the above.
該步驟(b)中, 將該混合物進行分離處理,使灰分從該混合物中分離。該分離處理的具體實施態樣為固液分離處理,該固液分離處理的具體實施方式沒有特別限制,例如但不限於離心、蒸餾、閃蒸、重力分選或自然沉降等。在本發明的一些實施態樣中,為了更容易從該混合物中分離出灰分,該分離處理的溫度範圍為100至200℃。In this step (b), the mixture is subjected to separation treatment to separate ash from the mixture. The specific implementation of the separation process is a solid-liquid separation process. The specific implementation of the solid-liquid separation process is not particularly limited, such as, but not limited to, centrifugation, distillation, flash evaporation, gravity sorting, or natural sedimentation. In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to more easily separate ash from the mixture, the temperature range of the separation process is 100 to 200°C.
該步驟(c)中, 將從混合物中分離出來的該灰分進行燒結處理。在本發明的一些實施態樣中,該燒結處理的溫度範圍為800至1500℃,該燒結處理的時間範圍為60至300分鐘,該燒結處理的壓力範圍為常壓。該燒結處理所使用的設備沒有特別限制,例如但不限於高溫爐、旋窯、水泥窯或磚窯等。In this step (c), the ash separated from the mixture is sintered. In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature range of the sintering process is 800 to 1500°C, the time range of the sintering process is 60 to 300 minutes, and the pressure range of the sintering process is normal pressure. The equipment used in the sintering process is not particularly limited, such as but not limited to high temperature furnace, rotary kiln, cement kiln or brick kiln.
在本發明的一些實施態樣中,為因應該輕質骨材的後續應用,本發明用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法選擇性地還包含以下步驟:將從混合物中分離出來的該灰分進行造粒處理,使該灰分形成粗胚料,再將該粗胚料進行該燒結處理。該造粒處理所使用的設備例如但不限於粉末壓片機、成型製胚機等。該造粒處理的壓力、溫度及時間,該粗胚料的形狀、密度及大小沒有特別限制,例如依據該輕質骨材的後續應用調整即可。In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to cope with the subsequent application of lightweight aggregates, the method for preparing lightweight aggregates using organic sludge of the present invention optionally further includes the following steps: The ash is granulated to make the ash into a rough material, and then the rough material is subjected to the sintering process. The equipment used in the granulation process is, for example, but not limited to, a powder tablet press, a forming embryo machine, and the like. The pressure, temperature and time of the granulation process, the shape, density and size of the rough material are not particularly limited, for example, it may be adjusted according to the subsequent application of the lightweight aggregate.
在本發明的另一些實施態樣中,為因應該輕質骨材的後續應用,本發明用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法選擇性地還包含以下步驟:將添加劑與從混合物中分離出來的該灰分混合形成組成物,將該組成物進行造粒處理形成粗胚料,再將該粗胚料進行該燒結處理。該添加劑的種類及用量沒有特別限制,依據該輕質骨材的後續應用調整即可,該添加劑例如但不限於煤灰、沸石、黏土、黃土等。該造粒處理是如上所述,於此不再贅述。In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to respond to the subsequent application of lightweight aggregate, the method for preparing lightweight aggregate using organic sludge of the present invention optionally further includes the following steps: separating the additive from the mixture The resulting ash is mixed to form a composition, and the composition is granulated to form a rough stock, and then the rough stock is subjected to the sintering process. The type and amount of the additive are not particularly limited, and can be adjusted according to the subsequent application of the lightweight aggregate. The additive is, for example but not limited to, coal ash, zeolite, clay, loess, etc. The granulation process is as described above and will not be repeated here.
本發明用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法所製得的輕質骨材的後續應用例如但不限於人造磚、非結構牆、道路柏油或空心磚等。The subsequent application of the lightweight aggregate produced by the method for preparing lightweight aggregate using organic sludge in the present invention is, for example, but not limited to, artificial bricks, non-structural walls, road asphalt or hollow bricks.
本發明將就以下實施例來作進一步說明,但應瞭解的是,該實施例僅為例示說明之用,而不應被解釋為本發明實施之限制。The present invention will be further described in the following embodiments, but it should be understood that this embodiment is for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as a limitation of the implementation of the present invention.
[實施例1][Example 1]
(a) 在催化劑(種類為碳酸鉀,用量為1克)的存在下,將700克的有機汙泥(來源為汙水處理廠,含水率為約82wt%,有機物含量為約55wt%)進行水熱液化處理(壓力為22MPa,溫度為380℃,時間為15分鐘),形成包括生質油及灰分的混合物。(a) In the presence of a catalyst (a type of potassium carbonate with an amount of 1 gram), 700 grams of organic sludge (sourced from a sewage treatment plant with a moisture content of about 82wt% and an organic matter content of about 55wt%) were carried out Hydrothermal liquefaction treatment (pressure 22 MPa, temperature 380° C., time 15 minutes) to form a mixture including raw oil and ash.
(b) 利用一個固液分離裝置(具體為閃蒸槽),將該混合物進行分離處理(壓力為3 MPa,溫度為150℃,時間為60分鐘),使灰分從該混合物中分離。其中,利用X射線螢光光譜儀(X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer,廠商型號為Hitachi EA 8000)對從混合物中分離出來的該灰分進行分析,分析結果如下表所示:
(c)利用一個燒結裝置(具體為高溫爐),將從混合物中分離出來的該灰分進行燒結處理(壓力為常壓,溫度為1200 ℃,時間為180分鐘),得到輕質骨材(如圖1所示)。(c) Using a sintering device (specifically a high-temperature furnace), the ash separated from the mixture is sintered (pressure is normal pressure, temperature is 1200 ℃, time is 180 minutes) to obtain a lightweight aggregate (such as (Figure 1).
綜上所述,本發明用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法能有效地將有機汙泥減量及資源化,將高含水率的有機汙泥轉化成具有利用價值的輕質骨材,以及使該有機汙泥中的有機物轉化成生質油,故確實能達成本發明的目的。In summary, the method of preparing light weight aggregates using organic sludge of the present invention can effectively reduce and recycle organic sludge, and convert high-moisture content organic sludge into light weight aggregates with useful value, and The organic matter in the organic sludge is converted into bio-oil, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明的實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施的範圍,凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作的簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still classified as Within the scope of the invention patent.
本發明的其他的特徵及功效,將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現,其中: 圖1是本發明用有機汙泥製備輕質骨材的方法的實施例1輕質骨材的照片。Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiment with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is an example of a method for preparing light weight bone material using organic sludge according to the present invention 1 .
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