TWI689189B - Wireless access method, wireless receiving method for a communication system and a base station therefor - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0215—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on user or device properties, e.g. MTC-capable devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/0064—Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0078—Timing of allocation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0231—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions
- H04W28/0236—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions radio quality, e.g. interference, losses or delay
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種通訊系統之無線存取方法、無線接收方法、及應用其之基站。 The invention relates to a wireless access method, a wireless receiving method of a communication system, and a base station applying the same.
為了因應當前物聯網(Internet of Things,IoT)及智慧城市應用,近年來行動通訊除了應用於人和人之間的通信之外,也開始應用於物與物之間相互溝通。眾所皆知,5G技術標準主要有三大方向,包括增強型行動寬頻(Enhanced Mobile Broadband,eMBB)、大規模機器型通訊(Massive Machine Type Communications,mMTC)以及超高可靠度低延遲通訊(Ultra-reliable and low latency communications,URLLC),其中URLLC的主要應用於無人車、工業自動化(Industrial process automation)、遠程醫療手術(Remote surgery)、感知網路(Tactile internet)等具低時間延遲(Low Latency)與高可靠度(High Reliability)要求之應用。 In order to respond to the current Internet of Things (IoT) and smart city applications, in recent years, mobile communication has been applied to the communication between things in addition to the communication between people. As we all know, 5G technology standards have three main directions, including Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), and ultra-high reliability and low-latency communications (Ultra- reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), of which URLLC is mainly used in low latency (unmanned vehicles, industrial process automation, remote surgery, Tactile internet), etc. And high reliability (High Reliability) requirements.
為了縮短時間延遲,可以透過減小時間槽長度(Slot Duration)來在維持相同訊框架構下,減少整體的傳輸時間。因此,相較於長期演進技術(Long Term Evolution,LTE)的15KHz之子載波間距,下世代考慮採用較大的子載波間距來達到縮短時間槽長度的效果。採用較大的載波間距可以讓時槽間隔減小,進一步達到較低的時間延遲。然而,當子載波間距變大時,多路徑衰減的影響會更嚴重,因此容易產生符元間干擾的問題,而導致系統效能降低。而且,子載波間距變大也會導致最小頻寬增加,而提高收發裝置的硬體複雜度,這將使得收發裝置的硬體成本增加。 In order to shorten the time delay, the overall transmission time can be reduced by reducing the slot duration to maintain the same frame structure. Therefore, compared with the 15KHz subcarrier spacing of Long Term Evolution (LTE), the next generation considers using a larger subcarrier spacing to achieve the effect of shortening the time slot length. Using a larger carrier spacing can reduce the time slot interval and further achieve a lower time delay. However, when the subcarrier spacing becomes larger, the effect of multipath attenuation will be more serious, so it is easy to cause the problem of inter-symbol interference, which leads to a decrease in system performance. Moreover, the increased subcarrier spacing will also lead to an increase in the minimum bandwidth, and increase the hardware complexity of the transceiver device, which will increase the hardware cost of the transceiver device.
因此,如何針對5G標準之技術,在兼顧系統複雜度不要太高的前提之下而達到低時間延遲的需求,乃業界所致力的方向之一。 Therefore, it is one of the directions that the industry is devoted to how to meet the requirements of low time delay for the technology of the 5G standard while taking into account that the system complexity is not too high.
根據本發明之第一方面,提出一種通訊系統之無線存取方法。此無線存取方法包括下列步驟。一傳送端經由一第一頻帶傳送一第一控制訊息。此傳送端經由一第二頻帶傳送一第二控制訊息。其中,第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息之傳送時間點的時間差小於一時槽時間,並且第一頻帶與第二頻帶係為不同。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, a wireless access method for a communication system is proposed. This wireless access method includes the following steps. A transmitting end transmits a first control message via a first frequency band. The transmitting end transmits a second control message via a second frequency band. Wherein, the time difference between the transmission time points of the first control message and the second control message is less than one slot time, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different.
根據本發明之第二方面,提出一種通訊系統之無線接收方法,包括以下步驟。一接收端依序監測一第一控制訊息與一第二控制訊息,來監測第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息是否為接收端所需要的控制訊息,若是,則接收端進行資料解碼以接收對應之控制訊息。其 中,第一控制訊息係經由第一頻帶傳送,第二控制訊息係經由第二頻帶傳送。第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息之傳送時間點的時間差小於一時槽時間,並且第一頻帶與第二頻帶係為不同。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, a wireless receiving method of a communication system is proposed, including the following steps. A receiving end sequentially monitors a first control message and a second control message to monitor whether the first control message and the second control message are the control messages required by the receiving end, and if so, the receiving end decodes the data to receive the corresponding Control message. its Among them, the first control message is transmitted through the first frequency band, and the second control message is transmitted through the second frequency band. The time difference between the transmission time points of the first control message and the second control message is less than one slot time, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different.
根據本發明之第三方面,提出一種基站。此基站包括一傳輸排程選擇模組以及一傳輸模組。傳輸模組係與傳輸排程選擇模組電性連接,並於傳輸排程選擇模組之控制之下,經由一第一頻帶傳送一第一控制訊息,並經由一第二頻帶傳送一第二控制訊息。其中,第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息之傳送時間點的時間差小於一時槽時間,並且第一頻帶與第二頻帶係為不同。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, a base station is proposed. The base station includes a transmission schedule selection module and a transmission module. The transmission module is electrically connected to the transmission schedule selection module, and under the control of the transmission schedule selection module, transmits a first control message through a first frequency band and transmits a second through a second frequency band Control messages. Wherein, the time difference between the transmission time points of the first control message and the second control message is less than one slot time, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different.
為了對本發明之上述及其他方面有更佳的瞭解,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式詳細說明如下: In order to have a better understanding of the above and other aspects of the present invention, the following examples are specifically described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:
100:通訊應用之系統 100: Communication application system
102:感測器 102: Sensor
104:傳送器 104: Teleporter
106:網路 106: Internet
108:接收器 108: receiver
110:致動器 110: actuator
S1~S4:訊號 S1~S4: Signal
T1~T5:時間 T1~T5: time
202(1)、202(2):時槽 202(1), 202(2): time slot
204:正交分頻多工(OFDM)符元 204: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol
t1~t15:時間點 t1~t15: time point
Twt:等待時間 Twt: waiting time
Ttr:傳送時間 Ttr: transmission time
Tdp:時間延遲 Tdp: time delay
402、402、702、704、706:流程步驟 402, 402, 702, 704, 706: process steps
502(1)~502(4):候選傳輸設置 502(1)~502(4): Candidate transmission settings
502’(1)~502’(4):上行候選傳輸設置 502’(1)~502’(4): uplink candidate transmission settings
502”(1)~502”(4):下行候選傳輸設置 502”(1)~502”(4): downlink candidate transmission settings
Bw1~Bw4:頻帶 Bw1~Bw4: frequency band
C(1):第一控制訊息 C(1): the first control message
C(2):第二控制訊息 C(2): Second control message
TD(1)、TD(2)、TD(3):時間差 TD(1), TD(2), TD(3): time difference
P(1):第一封包 P(1): the first packet
P(2):第二封包 P(2): second packet
St1(1)、St1(2):第一頻帶時槽 St1(1), St1(2): time slot of the first frequency band
St2(1):第二頻帶時槽 St2(1): second time slot
St3(1):第三頻帶時槽 St3(1): time slot of the third frequency band
Bos1~Bos4:時槽邊界偏移 Bos1~Bos4: Time slot boundary offset
Slt1(1)~Slt1(5)、Slt2(1)~Slt2(4)、Slt3(1)~Slt3(4)、Slt4(1)~Slt4(4)、Slt5(1)~Slt5(3)、Slt6(1)、Slt7(1)、Slt3’(1)、Slt2”(1):時槽 Slt1(1)~Slt1(5), Slt2(1)~Slt2(4), Slt3(1)~Slt3(4), Slt4(1)~Slt4(4), Slt5(1)~Slt5(3), Slt6(1), Slt7(1), Slt3'(1), Slt2”(1): time slot
Tnp:網路處理時間 Tnp: network processing time
第1圖繪示乃關鍵任務機器型通訊應用之一例的示意圖。 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example of a mission-critical machine-type communication application.
第2圖繪示乃訊框傳送時之時間延遲的示意圖。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the time delay when the frame is transmitted.
第3圖繪示不同擴展參數集所對應之時槽長度、迷你時槽長度及OFDM符元時間。 Figure 3 shows the slot length, mini slot length and OFDM symbol time corresponding to different extended parameter sets.
第4圖繪示依照本揭露之一實施例之一種通訊系統之無線存取方法的流程圖。 FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a wireless access method of a communication system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
第5圖繪示乃實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之一例的示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless access method for implementing the communication system of FIG. 4.
第6圖繪示乃實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之另一例的示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of implementing the wireless access method of the communication system of FIG. 4.
第7A圖繪示實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之更一例的流程圖。 FIG. 7A is a flowchart illustrating a further example of a wireless access method for implementing the communication system of FIG. 4.
第7B圖繪示實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之更一例的示意圖。 FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram illustrating a further example of a wireless access method for implementing the communication system of FIG. 4.
第8圖繪示乃使用第4圖之無線存取方法之接收端接收訊號之一例的示意圖。 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a signal received by a receiving end using the wireless access method of FIG. 4.
第9圖繪示乃使用第4圖之無線存取方法之用戶設備使用無允諾傳輸方式或有允諾傳輸方式來傳送封包之一例的示意圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example in which a user equipment using the wireless access method of FIG. 4 transmits a packet using a non-promised transmission method or a promised transmission method.
第10圖繪示乃使用第4圖之無線存取方法之可進行預排程來傳送封包之一例的示意圖。 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of pre-scheduled packet transmission using the wireless access method of FIG. 4.
第11圖繪示乃應用第4圖之本揭露之實施例之無線存取方法之基站的方塊圖之一例。 FIG. 11 shows an example of a block diagram of a base station applying the wireless access method of the disclosed embodiment of FIG. 4.
低延遲(Low Latency)系統是未來5G系統發展重點之一,其規格將會是讓傳送到接收的總時間低於1ms,以縮短通訊連線的時間。這是因為在未來的許多應用中,無線存取(Radio Access)的時間將會更短。例如關鍵任務機器型通訊應用(Mission-critical Machine Type Communications(MTC)applications),其所要求的無線存取時間係小於100μs。關鍵任務機器型通訊應用例如是遠程醫療手術、感知網路、工業自動化等。 Low Latency (Low Latency) system is one of the key development points of 5G system in the future. Its specification will be to make the total time from transmission to reception less than 1ms to shorten the communication connection time. This is because in many future applications, the radio access time will be shorter. For example, Mission-critical Machine Type Communications (MTC) applications, the required wireless access time is less than 100 μs. Mission-critical machine-based communication applications are, for example, telemedicine surgery, perception networks, industrial automation, etc.
請參照第1圖,其繪示乃關鍵任務機器型通訊應用之一例的示意圖。假設關鍵任務機器型通訊應用之系統100包括一感測器102、一傳送器104、一接收器108、及一致動器110。系統100係與網路106通訊。當感測器102感測到訊號之後,產生訊號S1並透過傳送器104將對應之無線訊號S2傳送至網路106。於網路106處理完相關程序之後,網路106回傳無線訊號S3給接收器108,接收器108並產生對應的訊號S4傳送給致動器110。從感測器102輸出訊號S1的時間點到傳送器輸出訊號S2的時間點之間的時間係為T1,無線訊號S2傳送至網路106的時間為T2,網路106進行對應之處理所需的時間為T3,無線訊號S3從網路106傳送至接收器108的時間為T4,接收器108接收到訊號S3並輸出訊號S4至致動器110的時間係為T5。若要讓從傳送到接收的總時間(亦即T1+T2+T3+T4+T5的和)低於1ms,則T2與T4分別需小於100μs(假設T3約500μs,T1+T5約300μs)。如何讓T2與T4分別需小於100μs,而讓接收無線訊號之裝置(例如是致動器110)有更充裕的時間可以進行處理,例如是處理由感測器102所傳來的資訊,即是本實施例所要達到的目標之一。
Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of an example of a mission-critical machine-type communication application. Assume that the
在以時槽為基礎(Slot-based)的傳輸方式中,訊框傳送時間與等待時間是兩項在基頻端影響時間延遲的關鍵因素。請參照第2圖,其繪示乃訊框傳送時之時間延遲的示意圖。假設每個時槽202(例如是時槽202(1)與202(2))包含14個正交分頻多工(Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing,OFDM)符元204。若資料於非位於時槽202(1)之起始點的時間點t1時備妥且可傳送,則資料必須等待時
間長度Twt之後,至下一個時槽202(2)的起始點才能被傳送,傳送所需的時間為時間Ttr。如此,時間延遲Tdp等於等待時間Twt與傳送時間Ttr的和。
In the slot-based transmission method, frame transmission time and waiting time are two key factors that affect the time delay at the fundamental frequency. Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the time delay when the frame is transmitted. Suppose that each time slot 202 (for example, time slots 202(1) and 202(2)) includes 14 orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
請參照第3圖,其繪示不同擴展參數集(Numerology)所對應之時槽長度、迷你時槽長度及OFDM符元時間。擴展參數集代表的是載波間距(Sub-Carrier Spacing,SCS)。當SCS等於240kHz時,每個OFDM符元時間為4.46μs,由於每個時槽共有14個OFDM符元,因此時槽長度等於62.43μs(=4.46μs*14),而最大等待時間Twt為一個時槽長度,亦即等於62.43μs。然而,最大時間延遲Tdp(=最大等待時間Twt+傳送時間Ttr)則為62.43μs+62.43μs=124.86μs。因此,當SCS等於240kHz時,使用14個OFDM符元之時槽仍然無法滿足延遲時間小於100μs的需求。 Please refer to FIG. 3, which shows the slot length, mini slot length and OFDM symbol time corresponding to different extended parameter sets (Numerology). The extended parameter set represents Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS). When the SCS is equal to 240kHz, the time of each OFDM symbol is 4.46μs. Since there are 14 OFDM symbols in each time slot, the time slot length is equal to 62.43μs (=4.46μs*14), and the maximum waiting time Twt is one The time slot length is equal to 62.43μs. However, the maximum time delay Tdp (=maximum waiting time Twt+transmission time Ttr) is 62.43μs+62.43μs=124.86μs. Therefore, when the SCS is equal to 240kHz, the time slot using 14 OFDM symbols still cannot meet the requirement that the delay time is less than 100μs.
若讓SCS等於60kHz且使用迷你時槽時,每個OFDM符元時間為17.84μs。由於每個迷你時槽共有4個OFDM符元,因此迷你時槽長度等於71.35μs(=17.84μs*4),而最大等待時間Twt為一個迷你時槽長度,亦即為71.35μs。然而,最大時間延遲Tdp(=最大等待時間Twt+傳送時間Ttr)仍為71.35μs+71.35μs=142.7μs。因此,當SCS等於60kHz時,使用4個OFDM符元之迷你時槽仍然無法滿足延遲時間小於100μs的需求。 If SCS is equal to 60kHz and the mini slot is used, each OFDM symbol time is 17.84μs. Since each mini slot has 4 OFDM symbols in total, the mini slot length is equal to 71.35μs (=17.84μs*4), and the maximum waiting time Twt is the length of one mini slot, which is 71.35μs. However, the maximum time delay Tdp (=maximum waiting time Twt+transfer time Ttr) is still 71.35μs+71.35μs=142.7μs. Therefore, when the SCS is equal to 60kHz, the use of 4 OFDM symbol mini-slots still cannot meet the delay time of less than 100μs.
雖然可以藉由修改擴展參數集,使用較大的載波間距,來縮短時槽長度,來讓等待時間Twt縮短,並降低訊框傳送時間Ttr。然而,這樣的做法,卻有下列缺點:(1)所佔用的頻寬變大,尤其在 sub-6GHz以下(例如是SCS小於60kHz以下),某些頻段很難找到大頻寬的資源可使用;(2)現階段毫米波的射頻技術實現難度高,電路設計難度高,使得收發器的成本變高;(3)較大的擴展參數集易受無線通訊之多路徑衰減的影響,而降低無線通訊之品質。因此,如何避免上述之缺點,而達到滿足延遲時間小於100μs的需求,乃本揭露所要解決的問題之一。 Although it is possible to shorten the time slot length by modifying the extended parameter set and using a larger carrier spacing to shorten the waiting time Twt and reduce the frame transmission time Ttr. However, this approach has the following disadvantages: (1) The occupied bandwidth becomes larger, especially in Below sub-6GHz (for example, SCS is less than 60kHz), it is difficult to find resources with large bandwidth in certain frequency bands; (2) At this stage, it is difficult to implement millimeter-wave RF technology, and the circuit design is difficult, which makes the transceiver’s The cost becomes higher; (3) The larger extended parameter set is susceptible to multi-path attenuation of wireless communication, which reduces the quality of wireless communication. Therefore, how to avoid the above-mentioned shortcomings and meet the requirement of delay time less than 100 μs is one of the problems to be solved in this disclosure.
為了解決上述問題,本揭露提出一種通訊系統之無線存取方法。請參照第4圖,其繪示依照本揭露之一實施例之一種通訊系統之無線存取方法的流程圖。本揭露之一實施例之一種通訊系統之無線存取方法,適用於一基站。此無線存取方法包括以下步驟。於步驟402中,經由一第一頻帶傳送一第一控制訊息。於步驟404中,經由一第二頻帶傳送一第二控制訊息。其中,此第一控制訊息與此第二控制訊息之傳送時間點的時間差小於一時槽(slot)時間,並且此第一頻帶與此第二頻帶係為不同。
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure proposes a wireless access method for a communication system. Please refer to FIG. 4, which illustrates a flowchart of a wireless access method of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. A wireless access method of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applicable to a base station. This wireless access method includes the following steps. In
於上述本揭露之方法中,藉由將欲傳送之第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息分別藉由第一頻帶與第二頻帶來傳送,且第一控制訊息與此第二控制訊息之傳送時間點的時間差小於時槽時間的做法,可以讓相鄰兩個控制訊息之間的延遲小於一個時槽時間。如此一來,可以有效地降低等待時間。 In the method of the present disclosure described above, by transmitting the first control message and the second control message to be transmitted through the first frequency band and the second frequency band, respectively, and the transmission time of the first control message and the second control message The time difference between the points is less than the slot time, so that the delay between two adjacent control messages can be less than one slot time. In this way, the waiting time can be effectively reduced.
請參照第5圖,其繪示乃實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之一例的示意圖。於步驟402中,一傳送端經由第一頻帶Bw1傳送第一控制訊息C(1)。於步驟404中,此傳送端經由第二頻帶Bw2
傳送第二控制訊息C(2)。第一控制訊息C(1)與第二控制訊息C(2)之傳送時間點的時間差TD(1)小於一時槽時間,例如是第一頻帶Bw1的時槽時間St1(1)或第二頻帶Bw2的時槽時間St2(1),並且第一頻帶Bw1與第二頻帶Bw2係為不同。
Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of an example of implementing the wireless access method of the communication system of FIG. 4. In
其中,經由第一頻帶Bw1傳送此第一控制訊息C(1)之步驟402更可包括產生一第一封包P(1)之步驟,以及依據第一頻帶Bw1中未被占用的一第一頻帶時槽St1(1)的起始時間與第二頻帶Bw2中未被占用的一第二頻帶時槽St2(1)的起始時間,選擇經由起始時間較近的第一頻帶時槽St1(1)傳送第一封包P(1)之步驟。其中,第一封包P(1)包含第一控制訊息C(1)。
Wherein, the
而經由此第二頻帶Bw1傳送第二控制訊息C(2)之步驟404更可包括產生一第二封包P(2)之步驟,以及依據第一頻帶Bw(1)中未被占用的另一第一頻帶時槽St1(2)的起始時間與第二頻帶Bw2中未被占用的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)的起始時間,選擇經由起始時間較近的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)傳送第二封包P(2)。其中,第二封包P(2)包含第二控制訊息C(2)。
The
請參照第6圖,其繪示乃實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之另一例的示意圖。第4圖之經由第一頻帶Bw1傳送第一控制訊息C(1)之步驟402更可包括產生第一封包P(1)之步驟,以及依據第一頻帶Bw1中未被占用的第一頻帶時槽St1(1)的起始時間、第二頻帶Bw2中未被占用的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)的起始時間與第三頻帶Bw3中未被占用的第三頻帶時槽St3(1)的起始時間,選擇經由起始時間較近的第
一頻帶時槽St1(1)傳送第一封包之步驟。其中,第三頻帶時槽St3(1)的起始時間與第一頻帶時槽St1(1)的起始時間的時間差TD(3)小於一個時槽時間,並且第三頻帶時槽St3(1)的起始時間與第二頻帶時槽St2(1)的起始時間的時間差TD(2)小於一個時槽時間。其中,第一封包P(1)包含第一控制訊息C(1),並且第三頻帶Bw3不同於第一頻帶Bw1及第二頻帶Bw2。上述之時槽時間例如是第一頻帶時槽St1(1)、第二頻帶時槽St2(1)、或第三頻帶時槽St3(1)的時槽時間。於某些實施例中,第一頻帶時槽St1(1)、第二頻帶時槽St2(1)、或第三頻帶時槽St3(1)的時槽時間係實質上相等。
Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of another example of implementing the wireless access method of the communication system of FIG. 4. The
其中,經由第二頻帶Bw2傳送第二控制訊息C(2)的步驟404可包括產生第二封包P(2)之步驟,以及依據第一頻帶Bw1中未被占用的另一第一頻帶時槽St1(2)的起始時間、第二頻帶Bw2中未被占用的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)的起始時間與第三頻帶Bw3中未被占用的第三頻帶時槽St3(1)的起始時間,選擇經由起始時間較近的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)傳送第二封包P(2)。其中,第二封包P(2)包含第二控制訊息C(2)。
Wherein, the
實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之再一例的更可如下所述。請再參考第6圖。第4圖所示之無線存取方法中,還包括取得包含第一控制訊息C(1)的第一封包P(1)及包含第二控制訊息C(2)的第二封包P(2)之步驟。第一封包P(1)的優先權高於第二封包P(2)的優先權。其中,經由第一頻帶Bw1傳送第一控制訊息C(1)之步驟402可包括依據第一頻帶Bw1中未被占用的第一頻帶時槽St1(1)的起始時間與第二頻帶Bw2中未被占用的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)的起始時間,選擇
經由起始時間較近的第一頻帶時槽St1(1)傳送第一封包P(1)。而經由第二頻帶Bw2傳送第二控制訊息C(2)之步驟404則可包括依據第一頻帶Bw1中未被占用的另一第一頻帶時槽St1(2)的起始時間與第二頻帶Bw2中未被占用的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)的起始時間,選擇經由起始時間較近的第二頻帶時槽St2(1)傳送第二封包P(2)。
Another example of implementing the wireless access method of the communication system of FIG. 4 can be described as follows. Please refer to figure 6 again. The wireless access method shown in FIG. 4 further includes obtaining the first packet P(1) including the first control message C(1) and the second packet P(2) including the second control message C(2) Steps. The priority of the first packet P(1) is higher than that of the second packet P(2). Wherein, the
第4圖所示之無線存取方法更包括一接收端依序監測第一控制訊息C(1)與第二控制訊息C(2),來監測第一頻帶Bw1與第二頻帶Bw2上所傳送的封包是否為此接收端所需要的封包之步驟。若第一頻帶Bw1與第二頻帶Bw2上所傳送的封包是否為接收端所需要的封包,則接收端進行資料解碼以接收對應之封包。 The wireless access method shown in FIG. 4 further includes a receiving end sequentially monitoring the first control message C(1) and the second control message C(2) to monitor the transmission in the first frequency band Bw1 and the second frequency band Bw2 Whether the packet is the required packet step of the receiving end. If the packets transmitted on the first frequency band Bw1 and the second frequency band Bw2 are the packets required by the receiving end, the receiving end performs data decoding to receive the corresponding packets.
請參照第7A圖與第7B圖,第7A圖繪示實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之更一例的流程圖,而第7B圖繪示實施第4圖之通訊系統之無線存取方法之更一例的示意圖。此方法更包括以下步驟。首先,於步驟702,提供多個候選傳輸設置,此些候選傳輸設置各具有一頻帶及一時槽邊界偏移(Slot Boundary Offset)。此些候選傳輸設置各具有多個時槽。此些候選傳輸設置之此些頻帶係不同,且此些候選傳輸設置之此些時槽邊界偏移係不同,並且每一候選傳輸設置的時槽邊界偏移小於此時槽時間。接著,於步驟704,根據一第一封包準備好待傳送的時間,選擇所對應之時間延遲為最低的此些候選傳輸設置之一作為一第一被選傳輸設置,其中,被選擇的第一被選傳輸設置的頻帶為第一頻帶,且第一封包包含第一控制訊息。之後,於步驟706,傳送端經由此第一被選傳輸設置來傳送此第一封包至接收端。
Please refer to FIGS. 7A and 7B, FIG. 7A shows a flowchart of a further example of a wireless access method for implementing the communication system of FIG. 4, and FIG. 7B shows a wireless storage for implementing the communication system of FIG. 4 Take a schematic diagram of a more example of the method. This method further includes the following steps. First, in
於步驟702中,假設通訊系統提供4個候選傳輸設置,例如是候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4)。候選傳輸設置502(1)具有頻帶Bw1及時槽邊界偏移Bos1,候選傳輸設置502(2)具有頻帶Bw2及時槽邊界偏移Bos2,候選傳輸設置502(3)具有頻帶Bw3及時槽邊界偏移Bos3,候選傳輸設置502(4)具有頻帶Bw4及時槽邊界偏移Bos4。候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4)各具有多個時槽,例如候選傳輸設置502(1)具有時槽Slt1(1)~Slt1(5),候選傳輸設置502(2)具有時槽Slt2(1)~Slt2(4),候選傳輸設置502(3)具有時槽Slt3(1)~Slt3(4),候選傳輸設置502(4)具有時槽Slt4(1)~Slt4(4)。候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4)之頻帶Bw1、Bw2、Bw3、及Bw4係不同,且候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4)之時槽邊界偏移Bos1、Bos2、Bos3、及Bos4係不同。
In
在第7B圖所示之例子中,時槽Slt1~Slt4係為迷你時槽(Mini-Slot),每個迷你時槽係例如具有4個正交分頻多工(Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing,OFDM)符元。第一個的符元用以傳送控制訊息。後三個連續符元用以傳送資料訊號。邊界偏移Bos1~Bos4例如分別為0、1、2、3個OFDM符元的時間長度。雖然在第7B圖所示的例子中,係以邊界偏移Bos1為0個OFDM符元的時間長度為例做說明,然時槽邊界偏移Bos1亦可不為0個OFDM符元的時間長度。雖然在第7B圖所示的例子中,係以邊界偏移Bos1~Bos4分別為整數倍的OFDM符元的時間長度為例做說明,然本揭露並不限於此,邊界偏移Bos1~Bos4亦可為OFDM符元的時間長度的非整數倍。雖然在第7B圖所示的例子中,係以具有4個OFDM符元的迷你時槽為例做說明,然本 揭露並不限於此。時槽亦可為其他低延遲時槽(Low-Latency Slot),或者時槽亦可具有其他個數的OFDM符元的長度,例如是具有14個OFDM符元的時槽。 In the example shown in FIG. 7B, the time slots Slt1~Slt4 are mini-slots, and each mini-time slot has, for example, four orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM ) Symbol element. The first symbol is used to send control messages. The last three consecutive symbols are used to transmit data signals. The boundary offsets Bos1 to Bos4 are, for example, the time lengths of 0, 1, 2, and 3 OFDM symbols, respectively. Although in the example shown in FIG. 7B, the time length of the boundary offset Bos1 is 0 OFDM symbols is used as an example for description, the slot boundary offset Bos1 may not be the time length of 0 OFDM symbols. Although in the example shown in FIG. 7B, the time length of the OFDM symbols whose boundary offsets Bos1 to Bos4 are integer multiples is taken as an example for illustration, the disclosure is not limited to this, and the boundary offsets Bos1 to Bos4 are also It can be a non-integer multiple of the time length of the OFDM symbol. Although in the example shown in FIG. 7B, a mini-time slot with 4 OFDM symbols is used as an example for explanation, this book Disclosure is not limited to this. The time slot may also be other low-latency slots (Low-Latency Slot), or the time slot may have another length of OFDM symbols, for example, a time slot with 14 OFDM symbols.
於步驟704中,假設第一封包係於時間點t1準備好待傳送,時間點t1例如是對應至候選傳輸設置502(1)之時槽S1t1(1)之第2個OFDM符元。通訊系統可根據第一封包準備好待傳送的時間t1,選擇所對應之時間延遲為最低的候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4)之一作為第一被選傳輸設置。例如,通訊系統係選擇候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4)中,時槽之起頭最接近時間點t1者,例如是邊界偏移Bos3為OFDM符元的2倍的候選傳輸設置502(3)作為第一被選傳輸設置。通訊系統並選擇第一被選傳輸設置(例如候選傳輸設置502(3))之第一時槽(例如時槽Slt3(1))作為第一候選時槽。
In
而於步驟706中,通訊系統的傳送端使用第一被選傳輸設置(例如候選傳輸設置502(3))之第一候選時槽(例如時槽Slt3(1))來傳送第一封包至通訊系統的接收端。
In
上述之候選傳輸設置之多個頻帶可為5G系統的多個部分頻寬(Bandwidth Part,BWP)或LTE系統的多個組成載波(Component Carrier)。為了更有效地支援極低時間延遲,本揭露之實施例採用載波聚合(Carrier Aggregation)或5G標準的部分頻寬技術,並讓每一個部分頻寬或組成載波具有不同的時槽邊界偏移。藉此讓資料要傳輸時,可以選擇適當的部分頻寬或組成載波來減低等待時間。 The multiple frequency bands set for the candidate transmission described above may be multiple partial bandwidths (BWP) of the 5G system or multiple component carriers (Component Carrier) of the LTE system. In order to more effectively support extremely low time delay, the embodiments of the present disclosure use carrier aggregation (Carrier Aggregation) or 5G standard partial bandwidth technology, and allow each partial bandwidth or component carrier to have a different time slot boundary offset. In this way, when data is to be transmitted, an appropriate partial bandwidth or component carrier can be selected to reduce the waiting time.
於上述例子中,一個時槽係用以傳送一個封包。當偵測到有新的封包要傳輸時,於僅使用一個候選傳輸設置來進行封包傳送的方式中,至少要等到同一個候選傳輸設置之下一個時槽的起始,才可進行封包之傳送。若採用本揭露之方法,可以將此欲傳送之封包有機會排程於延遲較小的其他候選傳輸設置的時槽。如此一來,可以有效地降低等待時間。 In the above example, a time slot is used to transmit a packet. When it is detected that there is a new packet to be transmitted, in the method of using only one candidate transmission setting for packet transmission, the packet transmission cannot be performed until at least the start of a time slot under the same candidate transmission setting. . If the method of the present disclosure is adopted, the packet to be transmitted can be scheduled to have a time slot of other candidate transmission settings with a smaller delay. In this way, the waiting time can be effectively reduced.
藉由降低等待時間,而可以達到降低延遲時間的目的。以SCS為60kHz為例,每個OFDM符元時間為17.84μs。由於每個迷你時槽共有4個OFDM符元,因此迷你時槽長度等於71.35μs(=17.84μs*4),而等待時間為1個OFDM符元的時間,亦即為17.84μs。而時間延遲(=等待時間+傳送時間)則為17.84μs+71.35μs=89.19μs,此值係小於100μs。如此,便可滿足上述之延遲時間小於100μs的需求。 By reducing the waiting time, the purpose of reducing the delay time can be achieved. Taking the SCS as 60kHz for example, each OFDM symbol time is 17.84μs. Since there are 4 OFDM symbols in each mini slot, the mini slot length is equal to 71.35μs (=17.84μs*4), and the waiting time is 1 OFDM symbol time, which is 17.84μs. The time delay (=waiting time+transmission time) is 17.84μs+71.35μs=89.19μs, which is less than 100μs. In this way, the above-mentioned delay time less than 100 μs can be satisfied.
與使用同一個候選傳輸設置(例如是候選傳輸設置502(1))來進行傳送的做法相較,亦即通訊系統選擇候選傳輸設置502(1))之時槽Slt1(2)的起始點(時間點t3)來傳送的作法相較,使用同一個候選傳輸設置的等待時間較長。如第7B圖所示,從時間點t1到時間點t3之間的等待時間為3個OFDM符元的時間,亦即為3*17.84μs。而時間延遲(=等待時間+傳送時間)則可能為3*17.84μs+71.35μs=124.87μs,此值係大於100μs,而無法滿足上述之延遲時間小於100μs的需求。 Compared with the method of using the same candidate transmission setting (for example, the candidate transmission setting 502(1)) for transmission, that is, the starting point of the time slot Slt1(2) when the communication system selects the candidate transmission setting 502(1) (Time t3) Compared with the transmission method, the waiting time set by using the same candidate transmission is longer. As shown in FIG. 7B, the waiting time from time t1 to time t3 is the time of 3 OFDM symbols, that is, 3*17.84 μs. The time delay (=waiting time+transmission time) may be 3*17.84μs+71.35μs=124.87μs, this value is greater than 100μs, and cannot meet the above-mentioned delay time less than 100μs.
本揭露上述實施例除了能延用大部分5G NR標準規格來達到極低時間延遲(小於100μs)之需求外,並能有效地對抗多路徑衰減問題。這是因為本實施例例如可以用SCS為60kHz(或60kHz以下)來實現,而不需使用到頻率太高的SCS,因此可以避免多路徑干擾。由於所需的SCS不用太高(例如本揭露之實施例所需使用之SCS可以不用高於60kHz),如此,應用本揭露之實施例的傳送端或接收端的硬體設備可以不需適用於很高頻的環境,而可簡化電路設計,而可降低傳送端或接收端之裝置的複雜度。由於所使用之裝置的複雜度可以降低,且又能兼顧極低時間延遲的效果,故可達到兼顧系統複雜度與即時性之優點。這樣的優點使本揭露之實施例特別適合於某些應用中,例如關鍵任務機器型通訊應用或物聯網技術。 In addition to being able to use most of the 5G NR standard specifications to meet the requirement of extremely low time delay (less than 100 μs), the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure can effectively combat the problem of multi-path attenuation. This is because this embodiment can be implemented by using an SCS of 60 kHz (or below 60 kHz), for example, without using an SCS whose frequency is too high, so multipath interference can be avoided. Since the required SCS does not need to be too high (for example, the SCS used in the disclosed embodiment may not need to be higher than 60 kHz), the hardware devices at the transmitting end or the receiving end using the disclosed embodiment may not need to be suitable for The high-frequency environment can simplify the circuit design and reduce the complexity of the device at the transmitting end or the receiving end. Since the complexity of the device used can be reduced, and the effect of extremely low time delay can be taken into account, the advantages of taking into account the system complexity and immediacy can be achieved. Such advantages make the disclosed embodiments particularly suitable for certain applications, such as mission-critical machine-type communication applications or Internet of Things technologies.
上述候選傳輸設置之各時槽所具有的OFDM符元數量係與無線存取(Radio Access)時間相關,OFDM符元的數量越少,則所需之無線存取時間(亦即等待時間加傳送時間)越短。候選傳輸設置時槽邊界偏移係可根據擴展參數集來調整。亦即,不同的SCS,則可以讓所對應的候選傳輸設置時槽邊界偏移隨之不同。 The number of OFDM symbols in each time slot of the above candidate transmission setting is related to the radio access time. The smaller the number of OFDM symbols, the required wireless access time (that is, waiting time plus transmission Time) the shorter. The slot boundary offset of the candidate transmission setting can be adjusted according to the extended parameter set. That is, different SCSs can make the slot boundary offset of the corresponding candidate transmission setting be different accordingly.
請參照第8圖,其繪示乃對應第4圖之無線存取方法之通訊系統之無線接收方法的示意圖。本揭露之實施例的之無線接收方法更可包括以下步驟。接收端依序監測第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息,來監測此第一控制訊息與此第二控制訊息是否為此接收端所需要的控制訊息。若是,則此接收端進行資料解碼以接收對應之控制訊息。其中,第一控制訊息係經由第一頻帶傳送,第二控制訊息係經由第二頻 帶傳送。其中,第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息之傳送時間點的時間差小於一時槽時間,並且該第一頻帶與該第二頻帶係為不同。 Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of the wireless receiving method of the communication system corresponding to the wireless access method of FIG. 4. The wireless receiving method of the disclosed embodiment may further include the following steps. The receiving end monitors the first control message and the second control message in sequence to monitor whether the first control message and the second control message are the control messages required by the receiving end. If yes, the receiving end decodes the data to receive the corresponding control message. The first control message is transmitted through the first frequency band, and the second control message is transmitted through the second frequency band Belt transmission. Wherein, the time difference between the transmission time points of the first control message and the second control message is less than a slot time, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different.
如第8圖所示,接收端依序監測候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4),來監測候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4)上所傳送的封包是否為接收端所需要的封包。例如,分別於時間點t4、t5、及t6依序監測候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(3)的時槽Slt5(1)、Slt6(1)、Slt7(1)的起始符元。由於每個封包的起始符元所傳送的控制訊息係記載了所要傳送的目的地,故接收端可以藉由讀取每個封包的起始符元的控制訊息,即可得知此封包是否為此接收端所應接收的封包。若是,則接收端接收此封包,並對此封包用以傳送資料訊號的其他符元進行資料解碼,以得到所要的資料。若接收端得知此封包並非為接收端所應接收的封包的話,則接收端不對此封包進行處理,而繼續監測這些候選傳輸設置,例如繼續依序監測候選傳輸設置502(4)、502(1)、502(2)、及502(3)。 As shown in Figure 8, the receiving end monitors the candidate transmission settings 502(1)~502(4) in order to monitor whether the packets transmitted on the candidate transmission settings 502(1)~502(4) are required by the receiving end Packet. For example, the start symbols of the time slots Slt5(1), Slt6(1), and Slt7(1) of the candidate transmission settings 502(1) to 502(3) are sequentially monitored at time points t4, t5, and t6. Since the control message sent by the start symbol of each packet records the destination to be sent, the receiving end can know whether the packet is read by reading the control message of the start symbol of each packet To this end, the packet that the receiving end should receive. If it is, the receiving end receives the packet and decodes other symbols of the packet used to transmit the data signal to obtain the desired data. If the receiving end knows that the packet is not the packet that the receiving end should receive, the receiving end does not process the packet and continues to monitor these candidate transmission settings, such as continuing to monitor the candidate transmission settings in sequence 502(4), 502( 1), 502(2), and 502(3).
於僅使用一個候選傳輸設置的方式中,接收端則是持續監測同一個候選傳輸設置之下一個時槽,才進行封包之接收。例如,接收端於時間點t4監測時槽slt5(1)所對應的封包之後,依序於時間點t7與t8監測時槽slt5(2)、slt5(3)所對應的封包。如此,接收端可能需於時槽的整數倍的時間延遲之後,才能接收到封包。若採用本揭露之方法,接收端係依序輪流監測候選傳輸設置502(1)~502(4),例如每隔一個符元的時間就監測一次,只要監測到是此接收端的封包即可接 收。相較於只使用一個候選傳輸設置的方式,本揭露之實施例的封包接受方法更可達到減少等待時間之快速接收的效果。 In a method using only one candidate transmission setting, the receiving end continuously monitors the next slot under the same candidate transmission setting before receiving the packet. For example, after the receiving end monitors the packets corresponding to the time slot slt5(1) at the time point t4, it sequentially monitors the packets corresponding to the time slots slt5(2) and slt5(3) at the time points t7 and t8. In this way, the receiving end may receive the packet after a time delay of an integer multiple of the time slot. If the method disclosed in this disclosure is adopted, the receiving end sequentially monitors the candidate transmission settings 502(1) to 502(4), for example, monitors every other symbol time, as long as it detects the packet of this receiving end Close. Compared with the method of using only one candidate transmission setting, the packet receiving method of the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve the effect of fast reception with reduced waiting time.
此外,接收端可以跨越不同的候選傳輸設置來進行監控與解調(例如是可以輪流監控不同的候選傳輸設置,並對所需要的資料進行解調),不需要同時監控多個候選傳輸設置,也不需同時解調多個候選傳輸設置所傳送的資料。如此,可以不需增加接收端之硬體設計的複雜度,即可實施本揭露之實施例。 In addition, the receiving end can monitor and demodulate across different candidate transmission settings (for example, it can alternately monitor different candidate transmission settings and demodulate the required data) without monitoring multiple candidate transmission settings at the same time, There is no need to simultaneously demodulate data transmitted by multiple candidate transmission settings. In this way, the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented without increasing the complexity of the hardware design of the receiving end.
上述之傳送端例如是基站,而上述之接收端例如是用戶設備。或者傳送端為用戶設備,接收端為基站。亦即,本揭露之實施例的無線存取方法可適用於基站,亦可適用於用戶設備。當基站進行資料之傳送時,基站即作為本揭露之實施例的無線存取方法的傳送端。而當基站進行資料之接收時,基站即作為本揭露之實施例的無線存取方法的接收端。用戶設備亦然。當用戶設備進行資料之傳送時,用戶設備即作為本揭露之實施例的無線存取方法的傳送端。而當用戶設備進行資料之接收時,用戶設備即作為本揭露之實施例的無線存取方法的接收端。 The aforementioned transmitting end is, for example, a base station, and the aforementioned receiving end is, for example, user equipment. Or the transmitting end is user equipment, and the receiving end is a base station. That is, the wireless access method of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to base stations and user equipment. When the base station transmits data, the base station serves as the transmitting end of the wireless access method of the embodiment of the present disclosure. When the base station receives data, the base station serves as the receiving end of the wireless access method of the embodiment of the present disclosure. The same is true for user equipment. When the user equipment transmits data, the user equipment serves as the transmitting end of the wireless access method of the embodiment of the present disclosure. When the user equipment receives the data, the user equipment serves as the receiving end of the wireless access method of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
其中,用戶設備可以使用無允諾(Grant-free)傳輸方式或有允諾(Grant-based)傳輸方式來傳送封包。無允諾傳輸方式係指用戶設備不需基站之允諾即可上傳資料至基站,而有允諾傳輸方式則是指用戶設備必需先得到基站之允諾之後,才可上傳資料至基站。 Among them, the user equipment may use a grant-free transmission method or a grant-based transmission method to transmit the packet. The non-promised transmission method means that the user equipment can upload data to the base station without the base station's promise, while the promised transmission method means that the user equipment must first obtain the base station's promise before uploading the data to the base station.
請參照第9圖,其繪示乃使用第4圖之無線存取方法之用戶設備使用無允諾傳輸方式或有允諾傳輸方式來傳送封包之一例的示 意圖。當使用無允諾傳輸方式時,假設於時間點t9,封包準備好待傳送,則用戶設備例如可選擇所對應之時間延遲為最低的候選傳輸設置502(3)於時間點t10來傳送此封包。當使用有允諾傳輸方式時,假設於時間點t11時,封包準備好待傳送,而於時間點t12時,收到來自基站的允諾,則用戶設備例如可選擇所對應之時間延遲為最低的候選傳輸設置502(2)於時間點t13來傳送此封包。 Please refer to FIG. 9, which shows an example of a user equipment using the wireless access method of FIG. 4 using the non-promised transmission method or the promised transmission method to transmit a packet. intention. When the unpromised transmission method is used, assuming that the packet is ready to be transmitted at time t9, the user equipment may, for example, select the candidate transmission setting 502(3) corresponding to the lowest time delay to transmit the packet at time t10. When the promised transmission method is used, it is assumed that at time t11, the packet is ready to be transmitted, and at time t12, when a promise is received from the base station, the user equipment may select the candidate with the lowest time delay. The transmission setting 502(2) transmits the packet at time t13.
請參照第10圖,其繪示乃使用第4圖之無線存取方法之可進行預排程(pre-scheduling)來傳送封包之一例的示意圖。本揭露之實施例之無線存取方法更包括以下步驟。傳送端根據一用戶上行封包被傳送的時間與一封包之網路處理時間,預排程此些候選傳輸設置之一作為一第二被選傳輸設置。傳送端經由此第二被選傳輸設置來傳送回應於此用戶上行封包之一第二封包。 Please refer to FIG. 10, which is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of packet transmission using pre-scheduling using the wireless access method of FIG. 4. The wireless access method of the disclosed embodiment further includes the following steps. The transmitting end pre-schedules one of the candidate transmission settings as a second selected transmission setting according to the time when a user's uplink packet is transmitted and the network processing time of a packet. The transmitting end transmits a second packet in response to the user uplink packet through the second selected transmission setting.
舉例來說,如第10圖所示,本揭露之實施例之多個候選傳輸設置亦可包括多個下行候選傳輸設置與多個上行候選傳輸設置,例如多個上行候選傳輸設置502’(1)~502’(4)與多個下行候選傳輸設置502”(1)~502”(4)。接收端根據用戶上行封包準備好待傳送的時間,例如是時間點t14,選擇所對應之時間延遲為最低的此些上行候選傳輸設置之一,例如是選擇上行候選傳輸設置502’(3)。並選擇候選傳輸設置502’(3)之第二時槽Slt3’(1)。接收端經由候選傳輸設置502’(3)之第二時槽Slt3’(1)來傳送用戶上行封包。傳送端(例如是基站)根據用戶上行封包被傳送的時間(例如是時間點t15)與封包之網路處理時間(例如是網路處理時間Tnp),預排程此些下行候選傳輸設置之一(例如是候選
傳輸設置502”(2))作為第二被選傳輸設置。並選擇第二被選傳輸設置(例如是候選傳輸設置502”(2))之時槽(例如是時槽Slt2”(1))。傳送端經由此第二被選傳輸設置(例如是候選傳輸設置502”(2))之時槽(例如是時槽Slt2”(1))來傳送回應於此用戶上行封包之第二封包。其中多個上行候選傳輸設置502’(1)~502’(4)位於頻帶Bw1_UL~Bw4_UL,而多個下行候選傳輸設置502”(1)~502”(4)則位於頻帶Bw1_DL~Bw4_DL。
For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the multiple candidate transmission settings of the disclosed embodiment may also include multiple downlink candidate transmission settings and multiple uplink candidate transmission settings, such as multiple uplink candidate transmission settings 502'(1 )~502'(4) and multiple downlink
本揭露更提供一種通訊系統之無線傳送方法,包括以下步驟。提供多個候選傳輸設置,此些候選傳輸設置各具有一頻帶及一時槽邊界偏移,此些候選傳輸設置各具有多個時槽,此些候選傳輸設置之此些頻帶係不同,且此些候選傳輸設置之此些時槽邊界偏移係不同。根據一第一封包準備好待傳送的時間,選擇所對應之時間延遲為最低的此些候選傳輸設置之一作為一第一被選傳輸設置。經由此第一被選傳輸設置來傳送此第一封包。 The present disclosure further provides a wireless transmission method of a communication system, including the following steps. Multiple candidate transmission settings are provided, each of which has a frequency band and a slot boundary offset, each of these candidate transmission settings has multiple time slots, the frequency bands of these candidate transmission settings are different, and these The slot boundary offsets of the candidate transmission settings are different. According to the time when a first packet is ready to be transmitted, one of the candidate transmission settings corresponding to the lowest time delay is selected as a first selected transmission setting. This first packet is transmitted via the first selected transmission setting.
本揭露更提供一種通訊系統之無線接收方法,包括以下步驟。提供多個候選傳輸設置,此些候選傳輸設置各具有一頻帶及一時槽邊界偏移,此些候選傳輸設置各具有多個時槽,此些候選傳輸設置之此些頻帶係不同,且此些候選傳輸設置之此些時槽邊界偏移係不同。一第一封包係由根據此第一封包準備好待傳送的時間,所選擇之所對應之時間延遲為最低的此些候選傳輸設置被傳送。一接收端依序監測此些候選傳輸設置,來監測此些候選傳輸設置上所傳送的封包是否為此接收端所需要的封包,若是,則此接收端進行資料解碼以接收此第一封包;若否,則此接收端繼續監測此些候選傳輸設置。 The present disclosure further provides a wireless receiving method for a communication system, including the following steps. Multiple candidate transmission settings are provided, each of which has a frequency band and a slot boundary offset, each of these candidate transmission settings has multiple time slots, the frequency bands of these candidate transmission settings are different, and these The slot boundary offsets of the candidate transmission settings are different. A first packet is transmitted by the candidate transmission settings with the lowest time delay corresponding to the time when the first packet is ready to be transmitted. A receiving end sequentially monitors the candidate transmission settings to monitor whether the packets transmitted on the candidate transmission settings are the packets required by the receiving end; if so, the receiving end decodes the data to receive the first packet; If not, the receiving end continues to monitor these candidate transmission settings.
請參照第11圖,其繪示乃應用第4圖之本揭露之實施例之無線存取方法之基站的方塊圖之一例。基站900包括一傳輸模組902與一傳輸排程選擇模組904。傳輸模組902係與傳輸排程選擇模組904電性連接,並於傳輸排程選擇模組904之控制之下,經由第一頻帶傳送第一控制訊息,並經由第二頻帶傳送第二控制訊息。其中,第一控制訊息與第二控制訊息之傳送時間點的時間差小於一時槽時間,並且第一頻帶與該第二頻帶係為不同。
Please refer to FIG. 11, which shows an example of a block diagram of a base station applying the wireless access method of the disclosed embodiment of FIG. 4. The
傳輸模組902更用以執行上述多個實施例之產生封包的動作,以及選擇時槽來傳送封包的動作。傳輸排程選擇模組904更用以執行上述多個實施例之取得包含第一控制訊息的第一封包及包含第二控制訊息的第二封包的動作。
The
更進一步來說,傳輸模組902用用以提供多個候選傳輸設置,此些候選傳輸設置各具有一頻帶及一時槽邊界偏移,此些候選傳輸設置各具有多個時槽。此些候選傳輸設置之此些頻帶係不同,且此些候選傳輸設置之此些時槽邊界偏移係不同,並且每一候選傳輸設置的時槽邊界偏移小於該時槽時間。傳輸排程選擇模組902則是更用以根據第一封包準備好待傳送的時間,選擇所對應之時間延遲為最低的此些候選傳輸設置之一作為第一被選傳輸設置,被選擇的該第一被選傳輸設置的頻帶為該第一頻帶,且該第一封包包含該第一控制訊息。其中,傳輸模組904更用以經由第一被選傳輸設置來傳送第一封包至一接收端,例如是用戶設備906。
Furthermore, the
用戶設備906係用以監測此些候選傳輸設置,來監測此些候選傳輸設置上所傳送的封包是否為此用戶設備所需要的封包。若是,則此用戶設備進行資料解碼以接收此第一封包,若否,則此用戶設備繼續監測此些候選傳輸設置。其中,基站900更包括一接收模組908,接收模組908係用以監測此些候選傳輸設置,來監測此些候選傳輸設置上所傳送的封包是否為此基站所需要的封包。若是,則接收模組908進行資料解碼以接收此封包;若否,則接收模組908繼續監測此些候選傳輸設置。而傳輸排程選擇模組904係根據一用戶上行封包被傳送的時間與一封包之網路處理時間,預排程此些候選傳輸設置之一作為一第二被選傳輸設置。傳輸模組902更經由第二被選傳輸設置來傳送回應於此用戶上行封包之第二封包。
The
本揭露之通訊系統之無線存取方法、無線接收方法、及應用其之基站,可以提供低時間延遲的無線電訊框存取機制,讓6GHz載波頻率之下的通訊系統具有低時間延遲,並且具有強固的抗多路徑衰減能力且用戶設備端不需要處理大頻寬的資料。本揭露之通訊系統之無線存取方法、無線接收方法、及應用其之基站可適用於5G URLLC(Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication,超高可靠度低延遲通訊)的通訊系統標準。 The wireless access method, wireless receiving method, and base station applying the communication system of the present disclosure can provide a low-latency radio frame access mechanism, so that the communication system under the 6GHz carrier frequency has a low time delay and has Strong anti-multipath attenuation capability and the user equipment does not need to process large bandwidth data. The wireless access method, wireless receiving method, and base station using the communication system disclosed in this disclosure can be applied to the communication system standard of 5G URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication).
再者,本揭露透過載波聚合或部分頻寬概念,搭配時槽邊界偏移技術,讓6GHz載波頻率以下之通訊系統也具有低時間延遲之特性。本揭露之實施例除了能延用大部分5G NR標準規格來達到極低 時間延遲之需求外,並能有效地對抗多路徑衰減問題,亦兼顧了關鍵任務機器型通訊應用或物聯網技術的複雜度與即時性。 Furthermore, the present disclosure uses carrier aggregation or partial bandwidth concepts, combined with time slot boundary offset technology, to enable communication systems below 6 GHz carrier frequency to have low time delay. In addition to the 5G NR standard specifications, the embodiments disclosed in this disclosure can be used to achieve extremely low In addition to the requirement of time delay, it can effectively combat the problem of multi-path attenuation, and it also takes into account the complexity and immediacy of mission-critical machine-type communication applications or IoT technologies.
綜上所述,雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明。本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作各種之更動與潤飾。因此,本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed as above with examples, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications and retouching without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be deemed as defined by the scope of the attached patent application.
402、404:流程步驟 402, 404: process steps
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