TWI686468B - Waste resource recycling method - Google Patents
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- TWI686468B TWI686468B TW108112011A TW108112011A TWI686468B TW I686468 B TWI686468 B TW I686468B TW 108112011 A TW108112011 A TW 108112011A TW 108112011 A TW108112011 A TW 108112011A TW I686468 B TWI686468 B TW I686468B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
本發明揭露一種廢棄物資源再生利用方法,包含廢棄物收集步驟、高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟及再生燃料乾燥步驟。由前述各步驟可收集所需廢棄物,並將該廢棄物投入一裝置槽,在亞臨界水的環境下將廢棄物液化水解出液態再生燃料(RDF-6),再令該再生燃料(RDF-6)進行乾燥程序以噴霧方式加入活化劑,進而獲得優質的固態再生燃料(RDF-5)。 The invention discloses a method for recycling waste resources, which includes a waste collection step, a high temperature and high pressure liquefaction hydrolysis treatment step, and a regeneration fuel drying step. The required waste can be collected by the previous steps, and the waste can be put into a device tank, and the waste can be liquefied and hydrolyzed into a liquid regenerated fuel (RDF-6) in the subcritical water environment, and then the regenerated fuel (RDF -6) Perform the drying procedure and add the activator by spraying to obtain high-quality solid regenerated fuel (RDF-5).
Description
本發明係有關於一種廢棄物資源再生利用方法,尤指一種將廢棄物再利用,並形成優質的再生資源之方法。 The invention relates to a method for recycling waste resources, especially a method for recycling waste and forming high-quality renewable resources.
按,由於經濟快速發展造成資源過度開採,導致廢棄物與日俱增,對於廢棄物的因應辦法,除了積極推動源頭減量外,當然更應致力於廢棄物再利用,希望透過妥善處理技術,達成減少廢棄物產出量之目的。目前固體廢棄物的處理方式有填埋、焚燒、熱解、蒸煮消毒等方式;其中,填埋或焚燒處理將對大氣和地下水產生污染,而且還會產生致癌物質;而其他如熱解、蒸煮處理,則對固形物毀形困難,並且回收再利用亦存在難度。此外,熱解會製造惡劣氣體如二氧化碳、戴奧辛等氣體的排放,除了氣味之外,在現今懸浮微粒及全球暖化等環境破壞嚴重的情況下,此技術應再加以改進。 According to the fact, due to rapid economic development, over-exploitation of resources leads to increasing waste. In addition to actively promoting the reduction of sources, of course, the waste response should of course be dedicated to the reuse of waste. It is hoped that through proper disposal technology, waste reduction can be achieved The purpose of output. At present, solid waste treatment methods include landfill, incineration, pyrolysis, cooking and disinfection; among them, landfill or incineration treatment will pollute the atmosphere and groundwater, and will also produce carcinogens; and other such as pyrolysis, cooking Treatment, it is difficult to destroy the solids, and it is also difficult to recycle. In addition, pyrolysis will produce emissions of harsh gases such as carbon dioxide, dioxin, etc. In addition to odor, this technology should be improved in the current severe environmental damage such as suspended particles and global warming.
另外,利用廢棄物再加工製成燃煤手段,由於燃煤會在風化程序中產生熱量,因此在儲煤過程中會加強水份的控制,但也因水份含量過高,致使許多用來控制添加的活化劑失去催化作用,也是造成燃燒爐無法降污減排的主要 原因。 In addition, waste reprocessing is used to make coal-burning means. Since coal-burning will generate heat in the weathering process, it will strengthen water control during coal storage. However, because the water content is too high, many Controlling the added activator to lose its catalytic effect is also the main cause of the pollution and emission reduction of the combustion furnace the reason.
因此,有必要提供一種方法,用來提升廢棄物再利用的效能,進而解決習用技術中所存在的問題。 Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method to improve the efficiency of waste recycling, and then solve the problems in the conventional technology.
本發明之目的在於製造高品質的再生燃料。 The purpose of the present invention is to produce high-quality recycled fuel.
為達上述之目的,本發明提供一種方法,包含包含廢棄物收集步驟、高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟及再生燃料乾燥步驟。由前述各步驟可收集所需廢棄物,並將該廢棄物投入一裝置槽,在亞臨界水的環境下將廢棄物液化水解出液態再生燃料Refuse Derived Fuel(簡稱RDF-6),再令該液態再生燃料(RDF-6)進行乾燥程序並加入活化劑,進而獲得優質的固態再生燃料(RDF-5)。 To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a method including a waste collection step, a high temperature and high pressure liquefaction hydrolysis treatment step, and a regeneration fuel drying step. The required waste can be collected by the previous steps, and the waste can be put into a device tank to liquefy and hydrolyze the waste into liquid renewable fuel (Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF-6) for short) in the subcritical water environment. The liquid regenerated fuel (RDF-6) undergoes a drying process and an activator is added, thereby obtaining a high-quality solid regenerated fuel (RDF-5).
所述的廢棄物為生活垃圾、生活廚餘、家禽排泄物、動物屍體、感染性醫療垃圾、有機汙泥及廢棄塑料等。 The wastes are domestic garbage, household food waste, poultry excrement, animal carcasses, infectious medical garbage, organic sludge and waste plastics.
10:廢棄物收集步驟 10: Waste collection steps
11:廢棄物 11: Waste
20:高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟 20: High temperature and high pressure liquefaction hydrolysis treatment steps
21:裝置槽 21: Device slot
22:液態再生燃料(RDF-6) 22: Liquid Renewable Fuel (RDF-6)
30:再生燃料乾燥步驟 30: Renewable fuel drying step
31:固態再生燃料(RDF-5) 31: Solid Recycled Fuel (RDF-5)
第一圖係繪示本發明實施例的結構簡圖;第二圖係繪示本發明高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟中的裝置槽結構示意圖;第三圖係繪示本發明高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟中的裝置槽內的溫度及壓力圖表示意圖。 The first figure is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; the second figure is a schematic structural diagram of a device tank in the high-temperature and high-pressure liquefaction hydrolysis step of the present invention; the third figure is a high-temperature and high-pressure liquefaction hydrolysis step of the present invention Schematic diagram of the temperature and pressure diagram in the device tank in.
有關本發明所述及之技術內容與功效,茲配合圖式所示之較佳實施例詳細說明當中,將可清楚的呈現。另 外,在本發明被詳細描述之前需要特別說明,其所附圖式係以示意方式來解釋,因此在該圖式中僅顯示與本發明有關之步驟或元件,閤先述明。 The technical contents and functions described in the present invention will be clearly presented in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings. another In addition, before the present invention is described in detail, it needs special explanation. The accompanying drawings are explained in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the steps or elements related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, which will be described in advance.
本發明結構及其所能達到的功效,茲配合圖式說明如下:請參閱第一圖所示之本發明實施例的結構簡圖。如圖所示,本發明包含廢棄物收集步驟10、高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20、再生燃料乾燥步驟30;其中:廢棄物收集步驟10,此步驟係收集生活垃圾、生活廚餘、家禽排泄物、動物屍體(如:病死豬、病死禽等)、感染性醫療垃圾、有機汙泥、廢棄塑料等廢棄物11。
The structure of the present invention and the achievable effects thereof are explained in conjunction with the drawings as follows: please refer to the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention shown in the first figure. As shown in the figure, the present invention includes a
高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20,將廢棄物收集步驟10中收集的廢棄物11投入一裝置槽21(如第二圖所示意),該裝置槽21內營造仿自然界生成原油、煤炭原理之高溫高壓環境,將水加熱至沸點以上、臨界點以下,並控制壓力使水保持為液態(亦稱為亞臨界水),其裝置槽21內水液溫度在200℃~230℃,壓力在2MPa~3MPa(如第三圖所示意),在此條件下,水是極性化合物,可將溶質按極性由低到高液化水解出來;在溫度和壓力都在控制的條件下,可以將前述廢棄物11產生水解作用,使其溶解後的有機物被水解出的產物即為液態再生燃料Refuse Derived Fuel(簡稱RDF-6)22。值得一提的是,高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20主要通過調節溫度及壓力來控制水的介電常數,因此在不使用酸、鹼的高溫高壓處理技術下,極具環保指標。另外,相較於其他廢棄物處
理時程而言,高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20之水解時間短,故而具有優化產能的優點。
In the high-temperature and high-pressure liquefaction and
再生燃料乾燥步驟30,將高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20中所獲得的液態再生燃料(RDF-6)22進行乾燥程序,俟再生燃料22所含水份重量剩餘20%~5%時以噴霧的方式加入活化劑,進而獲得固態再生燃料(RDF-5)31。該活化劑至少包含二氧化鈦(TiO2)、氧化鋯(ZrO2)、五氧化二鈮(Nb2O5)等氧化劑,活化劑成份粒徑位於10nm~100nm之間,使其作用於液態再生燃料(RDF-6)22時形成較大的接觸面積,每一晶粒皆為單磁結構而呈現超順磁狀態,因此產生的奈米磁性強,而具有高吸附力,不易於使用過程中,隨液態再生燃料(RDF-6)22的水分蒸發。
In the regenerated
由上述方法之表述,該廢棄物收集步驟10、高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20及再生燃料乾燥步驟30,可以獲得再生燃料成品,而利用本發明之方法及該其成品者,有下述增益:
According to the expression of the above method, the
1.整體製程無空污、無廢水、無戴奧辛產生,且高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20中的裝置槽21為密封結構,製程中無異味,是一種綠色環保的廢棄物再生方法。
1. The whole process has no air pollution, no waste water, no dioxin production, and the
2.高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟20時間短,一般每批次處理約2~2.5小時,具有優化產能的優點。 2. The high-temperature and high-pressure liquefaction and hydrolysis treatment step has a short time of 20, generally about 2 to 2.5 hours per batch, which has the advantage of optimizing production capacity.
3.該固態再生燃料(RDF-5)31提供鍋爐使用時,可供暖、供氣、供電、降低空污、減少飛灰、底渣的生成量,所生成的飛灰、底渣又可供建材業或混凝土廠再次使用。 3. When the solid regenerated fuel (RDF-5) 31 is used in a boiler, it can be used for heating, gas supply, power supply, reducing air pollution, reducing the production of fly ash and bottom slag, and the generated fly ash and bottom slag are available for Used again in the building materials industry or in the concrete plant.
4.該固態再生燃料(RDF-5)31使用時,可增加氧氣的吸附性,使炭粒被充分燃燒,而燃燒時可產生強大遠紅外線輻射熱,進而提高燃燒溫度並減少燃料使用量。 4. When the solid regenerated fuel (RDF-5) 31 is used, it can increase the adsorption of oxygen, so that the carbon particles are fully burned, and can produce powerful far-infrared radiant heat during combustion, thereby increasing the combustion temperature and reducing the amount of fuel used.
5.再生燃料乾燥步驟30中添加的活化劑,其具有優良親水性,不懼水份、耐溫性佳,對於儲存環境亦無特殊要求。
5. The activator added in the regeneration
需特別說明的是,本發明之方法所述的廢棄物種類眾多,其並不以前揭廢棄物為限。 It should be particularly noted that there are many types of wastes described in the method of the present invention, and they are not limited to uncovered wastes.
由其上述可知,本發明之方法應用於再生燃料之製成,有明顯且高度的產業利用性,有效的解決廢棄物問題並提供高效能的燃料。另外,藉由上述本文的揭露或推敲可衍生推導出許多的變更與修正,仍可視為本發明之等效改變,其所產生之作用仍未超出說明書及圖式所涵蓋之實質精神,均應視為在本發明之技術範疇之內。 From the above, it can be seen that the method of the present invention is applied to the production of renewable fuel, has obvious and high industrial applicability, effectively solves the problem of waste and provides efficient fuel. In addition, through the above disclosure or deliberation, many changes and amendments can be derived, which can still be regarded as equivalent changes of the present invention, and the effect produced by it still does not exceed the essential spirit covered by the description and drawings. It is considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention.
由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述,其係希望能清楚描述本發明之特徵,而並非以上述揭露的實施例來限制本發明。相反地,其目的是希望能涵蓋各種具相等性的變化;由是,本發明係具有諸多優點而具有顯著的實用特性,且其運用之技術手段及其構造特徵,確為本案發明人所研發而成,該製法更為坊間所未見,嗣本發明誠已符合專利之要件,爰依法提出申請,並祈賜專利權為禱。 Based on the detailed description of the above preferred specific embodiments, it is hoped that the features of the present invention can be clearly described, rather than limiting the present invention with the embodiments disclosed above. On the contrary, its purpose is to cover all kinds of equal changes; therefore, the present invention has many advantages and has significant practical characteristics, and the technical means and structural features used by it are indeed developed by the inventor of the present case. As a result, this manufacturing method is unprecedented in the market. Since the invention has already met the requirements of the patent, he has filed an application in accordance with the law and prayed for the patent right.
10:廢棄物收集步驟 10: Waste collection steps
11:廢棄物 11: Waste
20:高溫高壓液化水解處理步驟 20: High temperature and high pressure liquefaction hydrolysis treatment steps
21:裝置槽 21: Device slot
22:液態再生燃料(RDF-6) 22: Liquid Renewable Fuel (RDF-6)
30:再生燃料乾燥步驟 30: Renewable fuel drying step
31:固態再生燃料(RDF-5) 31: Solid Recycled Fuel (RDF-5)
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