TWI685669B - Radar apparatus and leakage correction method - Google Patents
Radar apparatus and leakage correction method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
- G01S7/038—Feedthrough nulling circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
- G01S7/4021—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of receivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
- G01S7/358—Receivers using I/Q processing
Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種雷達技術,且特別是有關於一種雷達裝置及其洩漏修正方法。The invention relates to a radar technology, and in particular to a radar device and a method of correcting leakage.
雷達技術已發展多年,而隨著科技快速發展,雷達設備逐漸小型化,使得其內部電子元件的距離可能相當接近。在實際運作中,由於設備體積小,雷達設備的接收及發射同時進行下,其接收與發射端之間將造成有限隔離(finite isolation)效應,從而影響接收效率。其中,雖然低中頻(Low-Intermediate Frequency,Low-IF)的接收架構可解決零中頻(Zero- Intermediate Frequency,Zero-IF)架構存在的閃爍雜訊(flicker noise)、直流偏差(DC offset)、本地振盪(Local Oscillator)洩漏等問題,但設備越小型化,將使得中頻洩漏情況對於同頻(in-band)干擾更加嚴重,進而形成降低接收效能的阻斷訊號。此外,前述洩漏情況可能會中斷類比至數位轉換器(Analog-to-Digital Converter,ADC)的訊號,即便利用數位濾波器也無法解決前述洩漏情況。Radar technology has been developed for many years, and with the rapid development of technology, radar equipment is gradually miniaturized, so that the distance of its internal electronic components may be quite close. In actual operation, due to the small size of the device, the simultaneous reception and transmission of the radar device will cause a finite isolation effect between its receiving and transmitting ends, which will affect the receiving efficiency. The low-IF (Low-Intermediate Frequency, Low-IF) receiving architecture can solve the flicker noise and DC offset in the Zero-Intermediate Frequency (Zero-IF) architecture. ), Local Oscillator (Local Oscillator) leakage, etc., but the smaller the equipment, the more serious the intermediate frequency leakage will be to the in-band interference, thereby forming a blocking signal that reduces the reception performance. In addition, the aforementioned leakage situation may interrupt the signal of the analog-to-digital converter (Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC), and even using a digital filter cannot solve the aforementioned leakage situation.
本發明實施例的雷達裝置,其包括發射器及接收器。發射器包括弦波(sine wave)訊號產生器。而此弦波訊號產生器用以產生弦波訊號。接收器用以接收發射器所發出包括此弦波訊號的發射訊號。接收器並包括另一弦波訊號產生器及修正電路。此另一弦波訊號產生器用以依據發射訊號的振幅或經接收後發射訊號的振幅來產生另一弦波訊號。而修正電路耦接此另一弦波訊號產生器,並用以基於此另一弦波訊號修正經接收後發射訊號的洩漏情況。而此洩漏情況對應到弦波形式的相量(phasor)是相關於另一弦波訊號的相量。The radar device of the embodiment of the present invention includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter includes a sine wave signal generator. The sine wave signal generator is used to generate sine wave signals. The receiver is used to receive the transmission signal from the transmitter including the sine wave signal. The receiver also includes another sine wave signal generator and a correction circuit. The other sine wave signal generator is used to generate another sine wave signal according to the amplitude of the transmitted signal or the amplitude of the transmitted signal after receiving. The correction circuit is coupled to the other sine wave signal generator and used to correct the leakage of the transmitted signal after receiving based on the other sine wave signal. And this leakage situation corresponds to that the phasor in the form of a sine wave (phasor) is related to the phasor of another sine wave signal.
另一方面,本發明實施例的洩漏修正方法,其適用於雷達裝置。而此洩漏修正方法包括下列步驟。產生弦波訊號。接收雷達裝置所發出包括此弦波訊號的發射訊號。依據發射訊號的振幅或經接收後發射訊號的振幅來產生另一弦波訊號。基於此另一弦波訊號修正經接收後發射訊號的洩漏情況,而此洩漏情況對應到弦波形式的相量是相關於另一弦波訊號的相量。On the other hand, the leak correction method of the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a radar device. The leak correction method includes the following steps. Generate a sine wave signal. The transmitting signal from the receiving radar device including this sine wave signal. Another sine wave signal is generated according to the amplitude of the transmitted signal or the amplitude of the transmitted signal after reception. Based on this other sine wave signal, the leakage of the transmitted signal after correction is corrected, and this leakage condition corresponds to that the phasor in the form of a sine wave is related to the phasor of the other sine wave signal.
為讓本發明的上述特徵能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。In order to make the above-mentioned features of the present invention more comprehensible, the embodiments are described in detail below and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本發明的實施例提供一種雷達裝置及其洩漏修正方法,其透過接收端迴送(loopback)架構來模擬洩漏情況,從而對洩漏情況修正,進而提升接收效能。Embodiments of the present invention provide a radar device and a leakage correction method thereof, which simulate a leakage situation through a loopback architecture at a receiving end, thereby correcting the leakage situation, thereby improving reception efficiency.
圖1是依據本發明一實施例的雷達裝置1的元件方塊圖。請參照圖1,雷達裝置1至少包括但不僅限於發射器100及接收器200。雷達裝置1可應用於氣象、測速、倒車、地形、軍事等領域。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of components of a
發射器100至少包括但不僅限於弦波訊號產生器110,此弦波訊號產生器110用以產生弦波訊號SS1。在一實施例中,弦波訊號SS1可經另一弦波形式的載波訊號混波/混頻形成雙邊帶抑制載波(Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier,DSB-SC)訊號。例如,
的弦波訊號SS1(即,角頻率為
,振幅為2)經
的載波訊號(即,角頻率為
,振幅為1)混波後形成
的DSB-SC訊號。而另一實施例中,弦波訊號SS1亦可乘載資料,例如,展頻編碼(spreading code)。接著,發射器100的天線所發出的發射訊號TS則夾帶經混波處理的弦波訊號SS1。
The
接收器200用以接收發射器100所發出之發射訊號TS(例如,經發射器100的天線所發出),並至少包括但不僅限於弦波訊號產生器210、控制電路230及修正電路250。The
弦波訊號產生器210用以產生弦波訊號SS2。而弦波訊號SS2的說明可參酌前述針對弦波訊號SS1的說明,於此不加以贅述。The sine
控制電路230可以是晶片、處理器、微控制器、特殊應用積體電路(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)、或任何類型的數位電路。控制電路230耦接弦波訊號產生器210,控制電路230並用以指示弦波訊號產生器210所產生之弦波訊號SS2的相量(例如,振幅、角頻率),且可處理基頻訊號。The
修正電路250可以是累加(summation)電路、差動放大器、減法器、可编程增益放大器等電路。修正電路250耦接弦波訊號產生器210及控制電路230,修正電路250並可接收弦波訊號SS2以對另一訊號進行訊號加總、或相減處理,其詳細運作待後續實施例詳述。The
為了方便理解本發明實施例的操作流程,以下將舉諸多實施例詳細說明本發明實施例中針對雷達裝置1的訊號處理流程。下文中,將搭配雷達裝置1中的各項元件及模組說明本發明實施例所述之方法。本方法的各個流程可依照實施情形而隨之調整,且並不僅限於此。In order to facilitate understanding of the operation flow of the embodiment of the present invention, a number of embodiments will be described in detail below to describe the signal processing flow for the
圖2是依據本發明一實施例的洩漏修正方法的流程圖。請參照圖2,發射器100的弦波訊號產生器110產生弦波訊號SS1(步驟S210),而此弦波訊號SS1可經混波成射頻訊號並經由天線發射而出。接著,接收器200透過其天線接收經雷達裝置1之發射器100所發射的發射訊號TS (步驟S230),以產生經接收後發射訊號RTS。控制器230則判斷發射訊號TS或經接收後發射訊號RTS的訊號強度(例如但不限於振幅),並依據此訊號強度來對弦波訊號產生器210所產生之弦波訊號SS2進行設定,使弦波訊號產生器210可依據發射訊號TS的訊號強度或經接收後發射訊號RTS的訊號強度來產生弦波訊號SS2(步驟S250)。值得注意的是,經接收後發射訊號RTS會受發射器100及接收器200之間的洩漏情況干擾(發射器100及接收器200同時發射/接收),而發射訊號TS是基於弦波訊號SS1所產生。因此,弦波訊號SS1已知的訊號特性(例如,振幅、相位、同相位(In-phase)/正交相位(Quadrate-phase)資訊等)將可用來估測接收器200端的洩漏情況。控制電路230即是指示弦波訊號產生器210來調整輸出的弦波訊號SS2,使弦波訊號SS2逼近或等同於洩漏情況對經接收後發射訊號RTS在同頻下的干擾訊號。此時,洩漏情況對應到弦波形式的相量相關於弦波訊號SS2的相量。例如,兩相量相同、或差異小於容許門檻值等。而修正電路250即可基於弦波訊號SS2來修正經接收後發射訊號RTS的洩漏情況(步驟S270)。2 is a flowchart of a leak correction method according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the sine
以下以更具體的硬體架構說明,圖3是依據本發明一實施例的雷達裝置1’的元件方塊圖。請參照圖3,雷達裝置1’的發射器100’包括弦波訊號產生器110’、混波器MIX1、及射頻前端電路170。The following is a more specific hardware architecture. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of components of a radar device 1'according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the transmitter 100' of the radar device 1'includes a sine wave signal generator 110', a mixer MIX1, and a radio frequency front-
弦波訊號產生器110’包括相量產生器PG1、數位至類比轉換器DAC1、及濾波器LPF1。於本實施例中,相量產生器PG1為N階過取樣調變器(N為正整數),而雷達裝置1’更包括振盪器OC(耦接於弦波訊號產生器110’)以提供時脈訊號CS至相量產生器PG1。相量產生器PG1對時脈訊號CS過取樣調變以產生類弦波的數位訊號,並驅動數位至類比轉換器DAC1產生類比的弦波訊號SS1。濾波器LPF1再對類比的弦波訊號SS1進行低通濾波處理後即形成弦波訊號產生器110’最終輸出的弦波訊號SS1。The sine wave signal generator 110' includes a phasor generator PG1, a digital-to-analog converter DAC1, and a filter LPF1. In this embodiment, the phasor generator PG1 is an N-order oversampling modulator (N is a positive integer), and the radar device 1'further includes an oscillator OC (coupled to the sine wave signal generator 110') to provide Clock signal CS to phasor generator PG1. The phasor generator PG1 oversamples and modulates the clock signal CS to generate a sine-wave digital signal, and drives the digital-to-analog converter DAC1 to generate an analog sine wave signal SS1. The filter LPF1 performs low-pass filtering on the analog sine wave signal SS1 to form the sine wave signal SS1 finally output by the sine wave signal generator 110'.
混波器MIX1耦接弦波訊號產生器110’,混波器MIX1並對弦波訊號SS1混波(上變頻(up conversion))以形成射頻訊號,使此射頻訊號承載弦波訊號SS1的資訊。值得注意的是,混波器MIX1用於混波的載波訊號CRS1是頻率合成器FSYN基於時脈訊號CS所產生。The mixer MIX1 is coupled to the sine wave signal generator 110', and the mixer MIX1 mixes (up conversion) the sine wave signal SS1 to form an RF signal, so that the RF signal carries the information of the sine wave signal SS1 . It is worth noting that the carrier signal CRS1 used by the mixer MIX1 for mixing is generated by the frequency synthesizer FSYN based on the clock signal CS.
射頻前端電路170耦接混波器MIX1,射頻前端電路170並包括功率放大器PA、及天線A1。功率放大器PA將射頻訊號放大輸出,並透過天線A1對外發射(即,發射的電磁波乘載雷達裝置1’的發射訊號TS)。The RF front-
另一方面,接收器200’包括弦波訊號產生器210’、控制電路230、修正電路250、射頻前端電路270、混波器MIX2、中頻放大器IFA、濾波器LPF3、及類比至數位轉換器ADC。On the other hand, the receiver 200' includes a sine wave signal generator 210', a
弦波訊號產生器210’包括相量產生器PG2、數位至類比轉換器DAC2、及濾波器LPF2。相量產生器PG2、數位至類比轉換器DAC2、及濾波器LPF2的運作可分別參酌前述針對相量產生器PG1、數位至類比轉換器DAC1、及濾波器LPF1的說明,於此不再贅述。而弦波訊號產生器210’則是產生弦波訊號SS2。The sine wave signal generator 210' includes a phasor generator PG2, a digital-to-analog converter DAC2, and a filter LPF2. The operation of the phasor generator PG2, the digital-to-analog converter DAC2, and the filter LPF2 can refer to the foregoing descriptions of the phasor generator PG1, the digital-to-analog converter DAC1, and the filter LPF1, and will not be repeated here. The sine wave signal generator 210' generates the sine wave signal SS2.
值得注意的是,本實施例的兩弦波訊號產生器110’, 210’都是基於時脈訊號CS來生成訊號,故兩弦波訊號SS1, SS2的頻率相同,但其振幅及/或相位資訊可能會不同。另需說明的是,在其他實施例中,相量產生器PG1, PG2亦可能使用不大於(即,小於或等於)時脈訊號CS的兩倍頻率來進行取樣;或者,相量產生器PG1, PG2亦可以是其他產生類弦波數位訊號的電路。It is worth noting that the two-sine wave signal generators 110', 210' of this embodiment generate signals based on the clock signal CS, so the two-sine wave signals SS1, SS2 have the same frequency, but their amplitude and/or phase Information may be different. It should also be noted that, in other embodiments, the phasor generators PG1, PG2 may also be sampled at twice the frequency of the clock signal CS (ie, less than or equal to); or, the phasor generator PG1 , PG2 can also be other circuits that generate sine wave-like digital signals.
射頻前端電路270包括低雜訊放大器LNA、及天線A2。低雜訊放大器LNA對天線A2所接收的發射訊號TS放大,以產生經接收後發射訊號RTS。The RF front-
混波器MIX2耦接射頻前端電路270,混波器MIX2並對經接收後發射訊號RTS混波(下變頻(down conversion))以形成中頻訊號IS。值得注意的是,混波器MIX2用於混波的載波訊號CRS2同樣是頻率合成器FSYN基於時脈訊號CS所產生(例如是基於相同頻率或為倍數頻率的載波訊號)。由此可知,載波訊號與弦波訊號SS1, SS2的時脈一致,而無須進一步校正時脈;然於其他實施例中,考慮時脈可校正的設計,前述訊號的時脈可獨立產生,本發明不加以限制。The mixer MIX2 is coupled to the radio frequency front-
中頻放大器IFA對中頻訊號IS過濾並放大特定頻帶的訊號,(假設修正電路250停止輸入弦波訊號SS2)再經由過濾器LPF3過濾期望頻帶的訊號,且透過類比至數位轉換器ADC轉換成數位訊號(基頻訊號),使控制電路230可取得此數位訊號。The intermediate frequency amplifier IFA filters the intermediate frequency signal IS and amplifies the signal of a specific frequency band, (assuming that the
另一方面,本實施例的修正電路250為總和電路,並可將中頻訊號IS與反相的弦波訊號SS2加總(即,對中頻訊號IS減去弦波訊號SS2)。需說明的是,其他實施例的修正電路250亦可設於中頻放大器IFA之前(即,耦接於混波器MIX2與中頻放大器IFA之間)、或設於過濾器LPF3之後(即,耦接於過濾器LPF3與類比至數位轉換器ADC之間)。弦波訊號產生器210’、修正電路250、過濾器LPF3、類比至數位轉換器ADC及控制電路230即形成封閉迴圈(close loop)架構。On the other hand, the
以下將結合圖3中的各裝置及元件說明接收器200’的兩種修正洩漏情況方法。圖4是依據本發明一實施例的修正洩漏情況的流程圖。請參照圖4,此修正方法是先決定發射器100’與接收器200’之間洩漏情況LS的初始訊號強度。控制電路230阻斷或抑制弦波訊號SS2的接收(或另設置開關來停止弦波訊號產生器210’輸出訊號到修正電路250),使控制電路230接收經接收後發射訊號RTS經下轉頻、濾波、類比轉數位處理後的數位訊號,並據以偵測經接收後發射訊號RTS的訊號強度(例如,接收訊號強度指示(Received Signal Strength Indicator,RSSI),並對應到其振幅)以決定洩漏情況LS2的振幅(步驟S410)。在另一實施例中,由於發射訊號TS所夾帶的弦波訊號SS1具有已知的振幅,因此控制電路230可由已知的振幅來評估經接收後發射訊號RTS受洩漏情況LS在振幅上的影響,從而決定洩漏情況LS在同頻下對應的振幅,因此可不需偵測經接收後發射訊號RTS的訊號強度。The two methods of correcting the leakage of the receiver 200' will be described below with reference to the devices and components in FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of correcting a leak according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 4, this correction method first determines the initial signal strength of the leak LS between the transmitter 100' and the receiver 200'. The
接著,控制電路230阻斷或抑制中頻訊號IS的接收(或另設置開關來停止混波器MIX2輸出訊號到修正電路250)並導通弦波訊號SS2的接收,使控制電路230接收弦波訊號SS2經濾波、類比轉數位處理後的數位訊號,並據以偵測經接收後弦波訊號SS2的訊號強度(例如,RSSI,並對應到其振幅)以決定弦波訊號SS2初始的振幅(步驟S430)。而控制電路230接著指示
弦波訊號產生器210’基於弦波訊號SS1的振幅而將弦波訊號SS2的振幅調整成不大於洩漏情況LS對應的振幅(步驟S450),再導通中頻訊號IS的接收。
Then, the
弦波訊號SS2的振幅經設定之後,弦波訊號產生器210’依據洩漏情況LS對應的相位,調整弦波訊號SS2的相位。在一實施例中,弦波訊號產生器210’改變弦波訊號SS2的相位,並透過修正電路250對經接收後發射訊號RTS透過不同相位之SS2弦波訊號進行修正,控制電路230依序判斷以不同相位之SS2弦波訊號修正下洩漏情況LS在振幅上減少的程度。而若洩漏情況LS經修正電路250修正後其對應振幅小於門檻值,弦波訊號產生器210’即可將此修正後振幅小於門檻值所對應的相位作為洩漏情況LS對應的相位。例如,經接收後發射訊號RTS修正後振幅最小、第二小或第三小對應的相位作為洩漏情況LS對應的相位。此時,決定的相位將使得洩漏情況LS能最小化(步驟S470)。After the amplitude of the sine wave signal SS2 is set, the sine wave signal generator 210' adjusts the phase of the sine wave signal SS2 according to the phase corresponding to the leakage condition LS. In one embodiment, the sine wave signal generator 210' changes the phase of the sine wave signal SS2, and corrects the transmitted signal RTS through the SS2 sine wave signal of different phases after receiving through the
接著,弦波訊號產生器210’可將弦波訊號SS2的相位調整成相同於洩漏情況LS對應的相位(即,步驟S470決定的相位)。而雷達裝置1’可開始偵測外界物體或物件之存在或偵測相距,並透過修正電路250以前述決定的振幅及相位的弦波訊號SS2對經接收後發射訊號RTS修正。同時,控制電路230會動態監控洩漏情況LS是否改變(例如,控制電路230在每隔一段預定時間後監控洩漏情況LS是否改變),並反應於洩漏情況LS之變化而調整弦波訊號SS2的振幅(步驟S490)。例如,反應於洩漏情況LS對應的振幅大於門檻值,則弦波訊號產生器210’動態調整弦波訊號SS2的振幅(例如,增加特定振幅或依據當前洩漏情況LS對應的振幅增加)。Next, the sine wave signal generator 210' may adjust the phase of the sine wave signal SS2 to be the same as the phase corresponding to the leakage situation LS (i.e., the phase determined in step S470). The radar device 1'can start to detect the presence or distance of external objects or objects, and correct the transmitted signal RTS after reception by the
需說明的是,前述說明是將弦波訊號SS2的相位設定為相同於洩漏情況LS對應的相位;然於其他實施例中,弦波訊號SS2的相位亦可設定成與洩漏情況LS對應的相位之間的相位差小於特定門檻值的相位。It should be noted that the foregoing description sets the phase of the sine wave signal SS2 to be the same as the phase corresponding to the leakage case LS; however, in other embodiments, the phase of the sine wave signal SS2 may also be set to the phase corresponding to the leakage case LS The phase difference between the phases is less than a certain threshold value.
另一方面,由於控制電路230可取得洩漏情況LS在傳遞路徑(propagation path)上的相位/時間延遲資訊,控制電路230即可將此相位/時間延遲資訊作為基準線(baseline)資訊,並基於中頻訊號的長波長來判斷相位差或時間延遲,從而決定外部移動或固定物件的位置資訊。On the other hand, since the
圖5是依據本發明另一實施例的修正洩漏情況的流程圖。請參照圖5,此修正方法是先決定洩漏情況LS的同相位/正交相位資訊。控制電路230阻斷或抑制弦波訊號SS2的接收,使控制電路230接收經接收後發射訊號RTS經下轉頻、濾波、類比轉數位處理後的數位訊號,並據以偵測經接收後發射訊號RTS的同相位/正交相位資訊以決定洩漏情況LS的同相位/正交相位資訊(步驟S510)。而洩漏情況LS的對應振幅與同相位及正交相位的平方加總相關,且其對應相位與同相位及正交相位相除的反正切(arctangent)有關。在另一實施例中,由於發射訊號TS所夾帶的弦波訊號SS1具有已知的振幅及相位,因此控制電路230可由已知的振幅及相位來評估經接收後發射訊號RTS受洩漏情況LS在振幅及相位上的影響,從而決定洩漏情況LS在同頻下對應的振幅及相位,因此可不需偵測經接收後發射訊號RTS的同相位/正交相位資訊。FIG. 5 is a flowchart of correcting the leakage according to another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 5, this correction method is to first determine the in-phase/quadrature phase information of the leakage situation LS. The
接著,控制電路230阻斷或抑制中頻訊號IS的接收(或另設置開關來停止混波器MIX2輸出訊號到修正電路250)並導通弦波訊號SS2的接收,使控制電路230接收弦波訊號SS2經濾波、類比轉數位處理後的數位訊號,並據以偵測經接收後弦波訊號SS2的同相位/正交相位資訊,再依據洩漏情況LS的同相位/正交相位資訊來調整弦波訊號SS2的相量(步驟S530)。控制電路230是指示
弦波訊號產生器210’基於洩漏情況LS的同相位/正交相位資訊,將弦波訊號SS2的振幅調整成不大於洩漏情況LS對應的振幅,並將弦波訊號SS2的相位調整成相同於洩漏情況LS對應的相位(或兩相位之差異小於門檻值)。接著,控制電路230導通中頻訊號IS的接收,並透過修正電路250’利用前述設定相量的弦波訊號SS2來修正中頻訊號IS,使洩漏情況LS最小化(步驟S550)。相較於圖3的實施例,可省去對弦波訊號SS2切換不同相位來得出洩漏情況LS對應相位的步驟。
Then, the
接著,當雷達裝置1’偵測外界物體或物件之存在或偵測相距時,可透過修正電路250以前述設定相量的弦波訊號SS2對經接收後發射訊號RTS修正,以去除或減少洩漏情況LS的干擾。同時,控制電路230會動態監控洩漏情況LS並適時調整弦波訊號SS2的振幅(步驟S570),其詳細運作可參酌前述針對步驟S490之說明。Then, when the radar device 1'detects the presence of an external object or object or detects the distance, it can correct the transmitted signal RTS after receiving with the sine wave signal SS2 of the aforementioned set phasor through the
前述圖3至圖5之說明是在中頻下(對經混波器MIX2處理後的中頻訊號IS)進行訊號修正,而本發明亦可在射頻下進行訊號修正。圖6是依據本發明另一實施例的雷達裝置1”的元件方塊圖。請參照圖3、6,與圖3的雷達裝置1”不同之處在於,雷達裝置1”的修正電路250設於射頻前端電路270與混波器MIX2之間,而接收器200”更包括混波器MIX3,此混波器MIX3耦接弦波訊號產生器210’的濾波器LPF2、振盪器OC及修正電路250。而混波器MIX3可依據弦波訊號SS2及載波訊號CRS2產生射頻訊號RF2,即,透過混波器MIX3使用基於時脈訊號CS的載波訊號CRS2對弦波訊號SS2混波(上變頻)。The foregoing descriptions in FIGS. 3 to 5 are for signal correction at the intermediate frequency (the intermediate frequency signal IS processed by the mixer MIX2), and the present invention can also perform signal correction at the radio frequency. 6 is a block diagram of components of a
針對接收器200”的修正洩漏情況方法可參酌圖4、5。與前述圖4、5之說明不同之處在於,針對接收器200”,在步驟S410及S510是阻斷或抑制射頻訊號RF2之接收且導通射頻訊號RF之接收,且在步驟S430及S530是阻斷或抑制射頻訊號RF之接收且導通射頻訊號RF2之接收。而圖3的經接收後發射訊號RTS即是圖5的射頻訊號RF,且修正電路250是對射頻訊號RF減去射頻訊號RF2。藉此,便能在射頻下修正洩漏情況LS。For the method of correcting the leakage situation of the
綜上所述,本發明實施例的雷達裝置及其洩漏修正方法,基於發射訊號或經接收後發射訊號的相量(例如,振幅、相位)或來判斷洩漏情況,並據以產生對應於洩漏情況的弦波訊號,從而對洩漏情況修正。藉此,能有效消除或改善洩漏情況,從而提升接收效能。再者,本發明實施例的雷達裝置及其洩漏修正方法,其在接收器提供迴送(loopback)架構,先估測洩漏情況在同頻下的相量,再依據洩漏情況對應的相量模擬同頻的弦波訊號,即可以此弦波訊號來修正洩漏情況對經接收後發射訊號的影響(經實驗可改善超過30dB)。此外,本發明實施例的時脈可一致,使得在中頻或射頻下的訊號修正都能實現。同時,可取得整體系統的相位及時間延遲,從而評估外部物件的位置資訊。In summary, the radar device and the leakage correction method according to the embodiments of the present invention determine the leakage situation based on the transmitted signal or the phasor (eg, amplitude, phase) of the transmitted signal after reception, and accordingly generate the corresponding leakage The sine wave signal of the situation, thus correcting the leakage situation. In this way, the leakage can be effectively eliminated or improved, thereby improving the reception efficiency. Furthermore, the radar device and the leakage correction method according to the embodiments of the present invention provide a loopback architecture at the receiver to first estimate the phasor of the leakage at the same frequency, and then simulate the phasor corresponding to the leakage The sine wave signal of the same frequency can use this sine wave signal to correct the effect of leakage on the transmitted signal after receiving (experimentally it can be improved by more than 30dB). In addition, the clocks of the embodiments of the present invention may be consistent, so that signal correction at intermediate frequency or radio frequency can be achieved. At the same time, the phase and time delay of the overall system can be obtained to evaluate the position information of external objects.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with examples, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined in the appended patent application.
1、1’、1”‧‧‧雷達裝置
100、100’‧‧‧發射器
110、110’、210、210’‧‧‧弦波訊號產生器
170、270‧‧‧射頻前端電路
200、200’‧‧‧接收器
230‧‧‧控制電路
250‧‧‧修正電路
SS1、SS2‧‧‧弦波訊號
TS‧‧‧發射訊號
RTS‧‧‧經接收後發射訊號
MIX1、MIX2、MIX3‧‧‧混波器
PG1、PG2‧‧‧相量產生器
DAC1、DAC 2‧‧‧數位至類比轉換器
LPF1、LPF2、LPF3‧‧‧混波器
A1、A2‧‧‧天線
OC‧‧‧振盪器
CS‧‧‧時脈訊號
CRS1、CRS2‧‧‧載波訊號
FSYN‧‧‧頻率合成器
IFA‧‧‧中頻放大器
ADC‧‧‧類比至數位轉換器
LS‧‧‧洩漏情況
N‧‧‧階數
IS‧‧‧中頻訊號
RF、RF2‧‧‧射頻訊號
S210~S270、S410~S490、S510~S570‧‧‧步驟1. 1’, 1”‧‧‧
圖1是依據本發明一實施例的雷達裝置的元件方塊圖。 圖2是依據本發明一實施例的洩漏修正方法的流程圖。 圖3是依據本發明一實施例的雷達裝置的元件方塊圖。 圖4是依據本發明一實施例的修正洩漏情況的流程圖。 圖5是依據本發明另一實施例的洩漏修正方法的流程圖。 圖6是依據本發明另一實施例的雷達裝置的元件方塊圖。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of components of a radar device according to an embodiment of the invention. 2 is a flowchart of a leak correction method according to an embodiment of the invention. 3 is a block diagram of components of a radar device according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of correcting a leak according to an embodiment of the invention. 5 is a flowchart of a leak correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a block diagram of components of a radar device according to another embodiment of the invention.
S210~S270‧‧‧步驟 S210~S270‧‧‧Step
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