TWI678314B - Operation parameter detecting apparatus for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a detection device for a vehicle operating parameter. The sleeve is deformed by force, which changes the magnetic permeability of the magnetic material on the sleeve, and the coil generates a corresponding induced electromotive force. An analysis can obtain a corresponding torque value. The magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring has a characteristic of a strictly increasing or decreasing function in a region of the same polarity, so that the first or second Hall sensor output corresponding analog voltage value can correspond to the position angle value of the center axis . The magnetic ring can be driven by the rotation of the central axis, so that the magnetic flux density distribution in the space changes, and the voltage output by the first or second Hall sensor changes accordingly. The position angle value or rotation angle value of the central axis can be obtained by analysis. The change value with time can get the value of the rotation speed of the center axis. In this way, accurate vehicle operating parameters can be returned to enhance the riding experience.

Description

Detection device for vehicle running parameters

The present invention relates to a detection device for a vehicle's operating parameters; more particularly, it relates to a torque, position angle, rotation angle, and rotation speed detection device for a middle shaft of a locomotive, bicycle, or tricycle.

Riding a bicycle, locomotive, or tricycle is an important tool for transportation, commuting, leisure, or competitive sports that is increasingly valued by modern people because of its environmental protection, energy saving, low cost, and easy implementation. There are many types of bicycles, locomotives or tricycles. Among them, electrified, electric assisted or intelligent products are popular because they are environmentally friendly and pollution-free, can improve the power-assisting performance of motors, or can intelligently improve pedaling efficiency. Known products such as electric mopeds or bicycle power meters, intelligently improve riding efficiency and comfort by detecting pedaling torque or crank speed.

For example, in an electric bicycle of the torque detection type described above, a Hall sensor is often used to sense the rotation speed of the center shaft and the pedaling torque. This type of sensor is generally disposed on the surface of a rotating component such as a shaft or a crankset of an electric bicycle. When an electric bicycle is stepped on, the center shaft or the crank is subject to a torque to cause a corresponding torsional deformation, and the Hall sensor generates a corresponding torsional deformation. After the electric signal changes, after analysis and processing, the output assistance of the motor can be controlled. However, this type of sensing device has poor accuracy based on the position of the sensor and the analysis method after digital output, resulting in poor riding feeling.

Therefore, it is still necessary to develop a detection device that can accurately measure various important operating parameters of bicycles, electric bicycles, non-electric bicycles, electric vehicles, non-electric vehicles, electric tricycles, or non-electric tricycles.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle detection device capable of simultaneously detecting bilateral moment, position angle, rotation speed and power of a central axis, and has high reliability and consistency of measurement. The measurement data can have a higher resolution and Better accuracy.

The invention provides a detection device for the running parameters of a vehicle, which is deformed through the force of the sleeve, which changes the patterned shape of the magnetic material on the surface of the sleeve, which in turn causes the change in magnetic permeability and the corresponding induction of the coil. Induced electromotive force can be obtained by measuring the coil voltage value corresponding to the axis torque value. In addition, the surface magnetic flux density of the magnetic ring fixed on the center axis has a characteristic of a strictly increasing or decreasing function in a region of the same polarity, so that the first or second Hall sensor outputs a corresponding analog voltage The value corresponds to the position angle value of the center axis. In addition, the magnetic ring is driven by the rotation of the central axis, which causes a change in the spatial magnetic flux density distribution and a corresponding change in the voltage output by the first or second Hall sensor. Analysis of the voltage change can obtain the value of the rotation angle corresponding to the central axis. Take the value of the rotation angle value over time to get the value of the rotation speed corresponding to the center axis.

Thereby, the technology of the present invention can accurately obtain important parameters of an electric vehicle or a non-electric vehicle during operation, thereby accurately controlling the auxiliary power output and improving riding comfort.

In one embodiment, a detection device for a vehicle's operating parameters includes a bottom bracket, a left crank, a right crank, a set of tubes, a magnetic material, a coil, a magnetic ring, a first Hall sensor, and A signal processing unit. The middle shaft is arranged in a five-way pipe of one of the vehicles. The left crank and the right crank are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the center shaft. The sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft. The magnetic material does not need to be glued around the sleeve to form a patterned shape. The coil surrounds a magnetic material and is used to detect a magnetic change of one of the magnetic materials. The magnetic ring is fixed on the bottom bracket. The first Hall sensor corresponds to a magnetic ring, and detects a value and change of a magnetic flux density on a surface of the magnetic ring. The electric signal processing unit is electrically connected to the coil and the first Hall sensor to transmit and receive a relevant electric signal. Among them, the left crank and the right crank each generate a moment on the center axis, and the sleeve is deformed, thereby changing a permeability of a magnetic material, so that the coil generates a corresponding electromotive force, and generates a voltage value. The voltage value is analyzed to obtain a torque value. The magnetic ring is driven by the rotation of the central axis, which changes the magnetic flux density distribution. A voltage outputted by the first Hall sensor changes accordingly, and the signal processing unit analyzes the change in voltage to obtain a rotation angle value of the center axis. The signal processing unit calculates the variation of the rotation angle value within a unit time to obtain a rotation speed value of one of the central axes.

In the above detection device, the magnetic material can be formed into a patterned shape by a shot, a sand blast, a rolling machining process, a rolling cutting process, a powder metallurgy, or a mosaic process.

In the above detection device, the patterned shape may be a herringbone shape or a zigzag shape. When the patterned shape is herringbone, it can be divided into two regions each containing a plurality of parallel stripes, and the parallel directions of the stripes in the two regions are different. The edges of the stripes in each region can be connected or disconnected. When the patterned shape is zigzag, it can be divided into three areas each containing a plurality of parallel stripes. Among the three areas, the stripes in the central area and the stripes in the adjacent two areas have different parallel directions. Side segments can be connected or disconnected from each other.

In the above detection device, an angle is formed between all lines of each stripe and a vertical line of a centerline of a rotation axis of the sleeve. The included angle can range from 20 degrees to 70 degrees or 110 degrees to 160 degrees.

The detection device may further include a crankset. The crankset is sleeved on the central shaft. One end of the sleeve is connected to the bottom bracket, and the other end of the sleeve is directly connected or connected to the crankset via an adapter.

In the above detection device, the coils may be one group, two groups and their winding directions are opposite, two groups and their winding directions are the same or three groups.

In the above detection device, the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring is partly a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function. More preferably, the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring is partially a strictly increasing or decreasing function in a region of the same polarity. The waveform of the strictly increasing or decreasing function may be a sine wave or a triangular wave.

In the above detection device, the first Hall sensor adopts a linear type and corresponds to a magnetic ring, and the waveform of the voltage output by the first Hall sensor may partially show a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function. More preferably, the waveform of the voltage output by the first Hall sensor in the same polarity region corresponding to one of the magnetic rings is partially Is a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function. The waveform may be a sine wave or a triangular wave.

In the above detection device, the magnetic ring includes two magnetic poles, and the voltage output by the first Hall sensor is combined with the slope of the corresponding voltage waveform to uniquely correspond to a position angle value of the magnetic ring.

In the above detection device, the magnetic ring and the left or right crank are fixedly assembled at an angle. The first Hall sensor corresponds to the position angle of the left or right crank, and outputs a set of unique voltage values and corresponding voltage values. The slope of the waveform.

In the above detection device, the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring may have a concave waveform or a ladder waveform.

In the above detection device, the first Hall sensor adopts a switch type.

The detection device may further include a second Hall sensor. The second Hall sensor and the first Hall sensor are arranged at a circumferential angle at a circumferential interval, or the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor differ by a phase angle from the output voltage waveform. Lined up. The above-mentioned circumferential angle or phase angle may be 90 degrees. The second Hall sensor can be a switch type or a linear type.

In the above detection device, the magnetic ring can be formed on the surface of the bottom bracket by adhesive tape or injection molding.

In the above detection device, a plastic socket may be provided between the bottom bracket and the sleeve. A shield can be provided around the coil to prevent electromagnetic interference.

In the above detection device, a left bearing is provided at one end of the middle shaft, and a right bearing is provided at the other end of the middle shaft. A left tooth bowl is sleeved on the left bearing, and a right bearing A right tooth bowl is set, and the central shaft is fixed in the five-way pipe through the left bearing, the left tooth bowl, the right bearing and the right tooth bowl. A gasket may be provided between the right or left side of the sleeve and the bottom bracket.

In another embodiment, a detection device for a vehicle operating parameter includes a bottom bracket, a left crank, a right crank, a set of tubes, a magnetic material, a coil, a magnetic ring, at least two Hall sensors, and a Signal processing unit. The middle shaft is arranged in a five-way pipe of one of the vehicles. The left crank and the right crank are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the center shaft. The sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft. The magnetic material does not need to be glued around the sleeve to form a patterned shape. The coil surrounds the magnetic material to detect a magnetic change of one of the magnetic materials. The magnetic ring rotates synchronously with the central axis. The surface of the magnetic ring is distributed in a two-dimensional space or a three-dimensional space with at least one curved trajectory. The curve trajectory corresponding to a change in magnetic flux density is partly a monotonically increasing function or a Monotonically decreasing function. The Hall sensor corresponds to a magnetic ring and detects the value and change of the magnetic flux density on the surface of the magnetic ring in two-dimensional space or three-dimensional space. The positions of the aforementioned Hall sensors may be different, or the positions of the Hall sensors may be the same but they may be placed in different directions. The electric signal processing unit is electrically connected to the coil and the Hall sensor, so as to transmit and receive a relevant electric signal. Among them, the left crank and the right crank each generate a moment on the center axis, and the sleeve is deformed, thereby changing a magnetic permeability of a magnetic material, causing the coil to generate a corresponding induced electromotive force, and generating a voltage value, and the electric signal is processed. The unit analyzes the voltage value to obtain a torque value. The magnetic ring is driven by the rotation of the central axis, which changes the magnetic flux density distribution. The aforementioned Hall sensor outputs a complex voltage value, and the combination is partially a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function to expand and detect one-dimensional, two-dimensional or Three-dimensional magnetic flux density. The signal processing unit analyzes the voltage value and the variation to obtain a position angle value or a rotation angle value of the center axis. The signal processing unit calculates the variation of the rotation angle value within a unit time to obtain a rotation speed value of one of the central axes.

In the above detection device, the magnetic material can be formed into a patterned shape by a shot, a sand blast, a rolling machining process, a rolling cutting process, a powder metallurgy, or a mosaic process.

In the above detection device, the change in the magnetic flux density is a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function within a region of the same polarity of a corresponding magnetic ring.

In the above detection device, the Hall sensors output complex voltage values, which are combined to form a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function in the same polarity region corresponding to one of the magnetic loops.

1‧‧‧ bottom bracket

11‧‧‧left crank

12‧‧‧ right crank

2‧‧‧ casing

21‧‧‧ Crankset

3‧‧‧ magnetic material

210‧‧‧shield

220‧‧‧left bearing

230‧‧‧Left tooth bowl

240‧‧‧ Gasket

250‧‧‧ right bearing

260‧‧‧Right tooth bowl

33‧‧‧ Stripe

4‧‧‧coil

5‧‧‧ magnetic ring

6‧‧‧The first Hall sensor

7‧‧‧Telecom Signal Processing Unit

41‧‧‧plastic socket

51‧‧‧ Surface magnetic flux density in the shape of a sine wave

52‧‧‧Voltage in two orthogonal square wave shape and sine wave shape

53‧‧‧Voltage in the shape of two or two orthogonal sine waves

54‧‧‧ Surface magnetic flux density in a concave waveform

55‧‧‧ Surface magnetic flux density in a stepped waveform

61‧‧‧Second Hall Sensor

200‧‧‧Sleeve surface

300‧‧‧ Stripe

510‧‧‧Sine-shaped voltage

520‧‧‧ Surface magnetic flux density in the shape of a two-pole sine wave

530‧‧‧Voltage in the shape of a two-pole sine wave

540‧‧‧ Square-shaped voltage

550‧‧‧Voltage

700‧‧‧ angle

701‧‧‧ angle

800‧‧‧first configuration

801‧‧‧Second configuration

802‧‧‧Third configuration

803‧‧‧Fourth configuration

804‧‧‧Fifth configuration

L1‧‧‧ vertical line

L2‧‧‧ Rotary axis centerline

L3‧‧‧ Tangent

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the structure of a testing device for a bicycle running parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a state diagram of an application combination of the testing device in FIG. 1; Partial cross-sectional view of the detection device in Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the sleeve of the detection device of the present invention and the patterned shape of the magnetic material thereon; Fig. 5 is a view showing the sleeve of the detection device of the present invention and the The front view of the patterned shape of the magnetic material; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the angle formed between the stripes and the vertical lines of the patterned shape of the magnetic material in Figure 5; Figure 7 is a schematic view of Figure 5 Schematic diagram of another angle formed between the stripes of another patterned shape of the magnetic material and the vertical line; FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of a herringbone patterned shape of the present invention; FIG. 9 shows an arrangement of a zigzag patterned shape of the present invention; and FIG. 10 shows the present invention. Another arrangement of herringbone patterned shapes; Figure 11 shows another arrangement of zigzag patterned shapes of the present invention; Figure 12 shows a zigzag pattern of the present invention Fig. 13A is a left side view showing the relative positions of the magnetic ring, the center axis and the first Hall sensor of the detection device in Fig. 1; Fig. 13B is a view showing Fig. 13A Front view of the relative positions of the magnetic ring, the center axis, and the first Hall sensor; FIG. 14A is a diagram showing the magnetic ring, the center axis, the first Hall sensor, and the second Huo sensor in another embodiment of the present invention. Left side view of the relative position of the Seoul sensor; FIG. 14B is a front view showing the relative positions of the magnetic ring, the center axis, the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor in FIG. 14A; 15 is a diagram showing that the magnetic flux density of the surface of the magnetic ring corresponding to the rotation angle of the left and right cranks has a sinusoidal waveform in the present invention. Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the voltage output by the first Hall sensor in the shape of a sine wave corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angles in the present invention; Fig. 17 is a diagram corresponding to the left in the present invention Schematic diagram of the magnetic flux density on the surface of the magnetic ring at the right crank position angle in the shape of a two-pole sine wave; FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the voltage output by the first Hall sensor in the shape of a two-pole sine wave corresponding to the left and right crank position angles in the present invention; FIG. 19 is a diagram corresponding to the left and right in the present invention. Schematic diagram of the voltage output by the first and second Hall sensors in the shape of a sine wave and a square wave, respectively, at the right crank position angle. Figure 20 shows the orthogonality of the two corresponding left and right crank position angles in the present invention. And a schematic diagram of the voltage output by the first and second Hall sensors in the shape of a sine wave; FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the magnetic flux density of the magnetic ring surface corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angles in the present invention with a concave waveform Figure 22 is a schematic diagram showing the magnetic flux density of a ladder waveform on the surface of the magnetic ring corresponding to the left and right crank rotation angle in the present invention; Figure 23 is a representation of the left and right crank rotation angle in the present invention. Schematic diagram of the voltage output by the first Hall sensor with a square wave shape; and FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the first and the second frame of the square wave shape corresponding to two orthogonal rotation angles of the left and right cranks in the present invention. Schematic diagram of the output voltage of the sensor.

Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, many practical details will be explained in the following description. It should be understood, however, that these practical details should not be used to limit the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the present invention, these practical details are unnecessary. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings, some conventional structures and components are shown in the drawings. In the formula, it will be shown in a simple and schematic way; and repeated elements may be represented by the same number.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 together. FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a vehicle operating parameter detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a state diagram of an application combination of the detection device in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a second image A partial cross-sectional view of the detection device in which the sleeve 2 is directly connected to the crank 12; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the patterned shape of the sleeve 2 and the magnetic material 3 on the detection device of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a front view showing the patterned shape of the sleeve 2 and the magnetic material 3 thereon of the detection device of the present invention. The vehicle operating parameter detection device disclosed in the present invention can be applied to electric or non-electric bicycles, locomotives, or tricycles, and is not particularly limited. The following uses bicycle as an example.

According to an embodiment, the device for detecting a running parameter of a bicycle of the present invention includes at least a bottom shaft 1, a left crank 11, a right crank 12, a set of tubes 2, a magnetic material 3, a coil 4, and an electric signal processing unit 7. A first Hall sensor 6 and a magnetic ring 5.

The following describes the arrangement relationship of the above components. The bottom shaft 1 is arranged in a five-way pipe (not shown) of a bicycle. The left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are fixed at the opposite ends of the center shaft 1, respectively; and the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 respectively extend toward the outside of the center shaft 1 to generate a moment, so that the different positions can be used to identify the left crank Different data for 11 or right crank 12. The sleeve 2 is sleeved on the central shaft 1. The magnetic material 3 surrounds the surface of the sleeve 2, and the magnetic material 3 forms a patterned shape. The coil 4 surrounds the magnetic material 3 and is used to detect a magnetic change of one of the magnetic materials 3. The electric signal processing unit 7 is electrically connected to the coil 4 and the first Hall sensor 6. The magnetic ring 5 corresponds to the first Hall sensor 6, and the magnetic ring 5 can be fixed by adhesive or injection molding. It is fixed on the surface of the bottom bracket 1 and linked to the bottom bracket 1. Another crankset 21 is sleeved on the central shaft 1. One end of the sleeve 2 is connected to the central shaft 1, and the other end of the sleeve 2 is connected to the crank 21 directly or via an adapter (not shown). When the rider drives the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 by pedaling, and then drives the crank 21 to rotate, finally the chain and the flywheel drive the rear wheels to rotate to provide traveling power.

In the above-mentioned structure, the sleeve 2 receives and transmits the moments generated by the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 to the center shaft 1, respectively, to cause deformation (shear strain). Based on the influence of the moment, the magnetic permeability on the patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 is correspondingly increased and decreased based on the piezomagnetic effect, thereby causing the coil 4 around the patterned shape area of the magnetic material 3 to have a corresponding effect. Induction of electromotive force and generation of a voltage value. In addition, when the rider steps on the pedal, the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 will be relatively rotated, and then the center shaft 1 will be rotated. At this time, the magnetic ring 5 linked with the central axis 1 has a surface magnetic flux density distribution that is partly a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; more preferably, the surface magnetic flux density distribution in a region of the same polarity has a part As a strictly increasing or decreasing function, the magnetic ring 5 will also change with the rotation angle of the central axis 1, which will cause a corresponding change in the magnetic flux density distribution of the position of the first Hall sensor 6 around it. A monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; more preferably, it is a strictly increasing or decreasing function, so that the voltage change corresponding to the analog output of the first Hall sensor 6 can also be a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function ; More preferably, it is a strictly increasing or decreasing function (such as a sine wave, a triangular wave, or other possible waveforms). The coil 4 and the first Hall sensor 6 are electrically connected to the electric signal processing unit 7 in common. At this time, the analog signal of the coil 4 and the first Hall sensor 6 and their changes are analyzed through the electrical signal processing unit 7 to accurately obtain a torque value and a middle value of the center axis 1, respectively. A position angle value or a rotation angle value for axis 1. Furthermore, the electrical signal processing unit 7 can calculate the change amount of the rotation angle value per unit time through the analog-like sine wave-shaped voltage change, and the rotation speed value of the center axis 1 can be obtained. Therefore, the detection device of the present invention can simultaneously, quickly, safely, and reliably measure the running parameters of the axle 1 of the bicycle, namely the torque value, position angle value, rotation angle value, and rotation speed value, so as to obtain immediate feedback, increase pedaling or Motor boost efficiency.

The number of coils 4 can be one, two, or three or more, and the winding directions can be the same or opposite, thereby eliminating common mode noise.

In one embodiment, a plastic seat 41 may be disposed between the bottom bracket 1 and the sleeve 2. A shielding cover 210 for preventing electromagnetic interference may be provided around the coil 2. In addition, a left bearing 220 is provided at one end of the bottom bracket 1 and a right bearing 250 is provided at the other end thereof. A left tooth bowl 230 may be sleeved on the left bearing 220, and a right tooth bowl 260 may be sleeved on the right bearing 250. The bottom bracket 1 is fixed in the five-way pipe of the bicycle through a left bearing 220, a left tooth bowl 230, a right bearing 250, and a right tooth bowl 260. In addition, a washer 240 may be provided between the right or left side of the sleeve 2 and the bottom bracket 1 to ensure smooth rotation between the sleeve 2 and the bottom bracket 1.

Please refer to Figures 4 to 5 and then refer to Figures 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an angle 700 formed between the stripes 300 of the patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 in FIG. 5 and the vertical line L1. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another angle 701 formed between the stripe 33 of another patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 in FIG. 5 and the vertical line L1. In the present invention, the magnetic material 3 can be formed into a patterned shape without sticking by a method such as a shot, a sand blast, a rolling machining process, a rolling cutting process, a powder metallurgy, or a mosaic process. Since the magnetic material 3 is integrated on the surface of the sleeve 2, the accuracy of the instant feedback parameters is effectively improved Sex. In the present invention, the patterned shape may be a herringbone shape or a zigzag shape so as to form a corresponding magnetic change. Specifically, in FIG. 6, the magnetic material 3 has a herringbone patterned shape. The patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 forms a stripe 300 on the surface 200 of the sleeve 2. An angle 700 is formed between the tangent line L3 of the stripe 300 and the vertical line L1 of the center line L2 of the rotation axis of the sleeve 2. The included angle 700 can range from 20 degrees to 70 degrees or 110 degrees to 160 degrees. In FIG. 7, the magnetic material 3 has a zigzag patterned shape. The patterned shape of the magnetic material 3 forms a stripe 33 on the surface 200 of the sleeve 2. An angle 701 is formed between the tangent line L3 of the stripe 33 and the vertical line L1 of the center line L2 of the rotation axis of the sleeve 2. The included angle 701 can range from 20 degrees to 70 degrees or 110 degrees to 160 degrees. As a result, the magnetic material 3 passes through its patterned shape and is subject to the torque generated by the pedaling of the crank during the rotation with the central shaft 1 to cause a voltage change around the coil 4.

The magnetic material 3 of the present invention can form a variety of patterned shapes. Please refer to Figure 8 to Figure 12. FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of a herringbone patterned shape of the present invention; FIG. 9 shows an arrangement of a zigzag patterned shape of the present invention; and FIG. 10 shows the present invention. Another arrangement of herringbone patterned shapes; Figure 11 shows another arrangement of zigzag patterned shapes of the present invention; Figure 12 shows a zigzag pattern of the present invention Another way of arranging shapes.

In FIG. 8, the patterned shape is herringbone and can be divided into two regions each including a plurality of parallel stripes, and the stripes in the two regions have different parallel directions. In FIG. 8, the edges of the stripes in each area are connected to form a first configuration 800. In Figure 9, the patterned shape is zigzag and can be divided into three regions each containing a plurality of parallel stripes. The central zone of the three zones The stripes are parallel to the stripes in two adjacent areas. In FIG. 9, the edges of the stripes in each area are connected to form a second configuration 801. In FIG. 10, the edge segments of the stripes in each area are broken to form a third configuration 802. In FIG. 11, the edge segments of the stripes in each area are broken to form a fourth configuration 803. In FIG. 12, the stripe in the center region is connected to the stripe edge segment in an adjacent region, and the stripe edge segment in another region is disconnected to form a fifth configuration 804. Different configurations of patterned shapes are suitable for different machining methods and can produce different shear strain effects.

It is worth mentioning that when the magnetic material is set, the magnetic material can also be used to make the sleeve and the patterned shape surrounding the sleeve surface through powder metallurgy. This is another application of powder metallurgy processing technology.

Please continue to refer to Figures 13A to 14B. FIG. 13A is a left side view showing the relative positions of the magnetic ring 5, the center axis 1, and the first Hall sensor 6 of the detection device in FIG. 1; FIG. 13B shows the magnetic ring 5 in FIG. 13A , A front view of the relative positions of the central axis 1 and the first Hall sensor 6; FIG. 14A is a diagram showing the magnetic ring 5, the central axis 1, the first Hall sensor 6 and the first Left side view of the relative position of the two Hall sensors 61; FIG. 14B shows the magnetic ring 5, the center axis 1, the first Hall sensor 6, and the second Hall sensor 61 in FIG. 14A. Left side view of the relative position.

From FIGS. 13A to 14B, it can be seen that in the present invention, the relative position and quantity of the magnetic ring 5, the center axis 1, the first Hall sensor 6, and the second Hall sensor 61 can not only be amplified. Detecting two-dimensional or three-dimensional magnetic flux density can also obtain more accurate measurement results. This will be described in detail in subsequent embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 15 to FIG. 24 together. This series of diagrams illustrates the partial magnetic flux density at the surface space of the magnetic ring with a monotonically increasing or decreasing function represented by a part of the sine wave shape in the present invention. Let the corresponding Hall sensor output be represented by a sine wave shape and have a corresponding monotonic increase or decrease; more preferably, an analog voltage change with a strictly increasing or decreasing function characteristic, on which the voltage status at any position can be obtained And the waveform presented by the strictly increasing or decreasing function can be used for fast, simple and accurate signal analysis; therefore, the present invention can pass various types of the magnetic ring 5, the first Hall sensor 6, and the second Hall sensor 61. Variations produce a variety of complex surface magnetic flux density distribution waveforms and corresponding voltage changes, and more accurate measurement results are obtained by analogical numerical analysis.

In FIG. 15, when the magnetic ring 5 is driven by the central shaft 1 to rotate, the magnetic flux density at the first Hall sensor 6 is caused to change. At this time, the first Hall sensor 6 adopts a linear type, and the magnetic rings 5 corresponding to the rotation angles of the left and right cranks 11 and 12 can be radially or axially magnetized to form a surface magnetic flux density 51 having a sine wave shape. In FIG. 16, the first Hall sensor 6 outputs a voltage 510 having a sine wave shape. Therefore, by analyzing the slight voltage change of the voltage 510 in the shape of a sine wave, the rotation angle value of the magnetic ring 5, the center shaft 1, the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 and the corresponding rotation speed value can be obtained. The aforementioned sine wave shape is only one implementation aspect of strictly increasing or decreasing function, and is not limited to the sine wave shape that can be generated in this embodiment.

In the present invention, the magnetic ring 5 may include two magnetic poles, and the voltage output by the first Hall sensor 6 may be combined with a slope of the voltage waveform to uniquely correspond to a position angle value of the magnetic ring 5. Moreover, the magnetic ring 5 is fixedly assembled at an angle with the left crank 11 or the right crank 12, and the first Hall sensor 6 corresponds to the left crank 11 or the right crank 12 position angle, output a set of unique voltage value and the slope of the waveform at the voltage value.

In FIG. 17, the magnetic ring 5 is magnetized in the axial direction or the radial direction to form a surface magnetic flux density 520 in the shape of a two-pole sine wave. Thereby, within a range of 360 degrees of one stroke in the circumferential direction of the center axis, the correspondence between the magnetic flux density of the magnetic ring 5 and its position angle can be uniquely determined. In addition, the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are mounted on the center shaft 1 in an alignment manner, and are fixed to the surface magnetic flux density 520 in the shape of a two-pole sine wave. In Fig. 18, when the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are rotated, the linear Hall-type first Hall sensor 6 can sense and output a voltage 530 in the shape of a two-pole sine wave. The voltage value and variation of the voltage 530 in the shape of a sine wave can obtain the position angle of the magnetic ring 5, the center axis 1, and the left and right cranks 11, 12 and the corresponding rotation speed value.

In the present invention, the number and position of the Hall sensors can be changed. For example, the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 can be used at the same time, and the two can be arranged circumferentially at a circumferential angle of 90 degrees, or the first Hall sensor 6 and The second Hall sensors 61 are arranged in such a way that the output voltage waveforms differ by a 90 ° phase angle (or other number of even-numbered pairs), thereby improving the sensing accuracy or expanding the detection of one-, two-, or three-dimensional magnetic flux densities. . The surface of the magnetic ring 5 has at least one curved track in a two-dimensional space or a three-dimensional space. And this curve trajectory corresponds to a change in magnetic flux density that is partly a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; more preferably, the distribution in a region of the same polarity of the magnetic ring has a characteristic that it is a strictly increasing or decreasing function . When the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 are rotated, the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 can output two orthogonal voltage waveforms, thereby improving the sensing accuracy. Figure 19 shows the second The Hall sensor 61 adopts a switch type, and the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 corresponding to the position angle of the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 have two orthogonal square wave shapes and a sine wave. Shaped voltage 52; and in FIG. 20, it is shown that the second Hall sensor 61 adopts a linear type and has a voltage 53 in the shape of two orthogonal sine waves.

In Fig. 21, the surface magnetic flux density 54 of the magnetic ring 5 in a concave waveform corresponding to the rotation angle of the left crank 11 and the right crank 12 is shown, and in Fig. 22, the surface magnetic flux of the magnetic ring 5 in a trapezoidal waveform is shown The density is 55. At this time, as shown in FIG. 23, the first Hall sensor 6 can also adopt a switch type, which can also use a voltage 540 having a square wave shape.

FIG. 24 shows voltages 550 in the shape of two orthogonal square waves when the switching types of the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 are used at the same time. Through the first Hall sensor 6 or the second Hall sensor 61, the dimension of the detected magnetic flux density in space can be enlarged, from a one-dimensional magnetic flux density to a two-dimensional or three-dimensional magnetic flux density. Many situations related to the rotation of the magnetic ring; if the first Hall sensor 6 and the second Hall sensor 61 use a sine wave-shaped voltage change type, the measurement accuracy can be increased, and the reliability can be improved. degree.

From the above, it can be seen that when the Hall sensor 6 and the Hall sensor 61 are used, a complex voltage value can be output and combined into a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; more preferably, the corresponding magnetic ring 5 is formed. One part of the same polarity area is a strictly increasing or decreasing function to amplify and detect one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional magnetic flux density, and analyze the voltage value and its change amount through the electrical signal processing unit to obtain a position on the center axis An angle value or a rotation angle value.

From the foregoing description, it can be known that the purpose and effect of the present invention are as follows: First, the present invention does not use an adhesive by using a magnetic material surrounding the surface of the sleeve. Ground processing to form a patterned shape to improve reliability and increase measurement accuracy. Secondly, the present invention uses a magnetic ring with a surface magnetic flux density of one or more dimensions that has a strictly increasing or decreasing function characteristic, and rotates in conjunction with the central axis, so that the spatial magnetic flux density value and the tangent slope uniquely correspond to the central axis position angle, The amount of change in spatial magnetic flux density accurately corresponds to the value of the rotation angle of the central axis. Third, the present invention uses the first Hall sensor or the second Hall sensor to output a corresponding analog voltage value that is a strictly increasing or decreasing function, and analyzes the value of the voltage change to feedback the accurate electric vehicle. Operating parameters or non-electric vehicle operating parameters. Fourth, in the present invention, the positions of the complex Hall sensors are different, or the positions are the same but the directions are different from each other. The complex Hall sensors can output corresponding complex voltage combinations to form a strictly increasing or decreasing function. To detect one-, two-, or three-dimensional magnetic flux densities with amplification.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and retouches without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection of the present invention The scope shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

Claims (32)

A detection device for a vehicle's operating parameters. The detection device includes: a center shaft, which is arranged in a five-way pipe of a vehicle; a left crank and a right crank are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the center shaft; A sleeve, which is sleeved on the central shaft; a magnetic material, which surrounds the sleeve without a glue to form a patterned shape; a coil, which surrounds the magnetic material and is used to detect the magnetic material A magnetic ring, which is fixed on the central axis; a first Hall sensor, which corresponds to the magnetic ring, detects the value and change of a magnetic flux density on the surface of the magnetic ring; and An electric signal processing unit, which is electrically connected to the coil and the first Hall sensor to transmit and receive an electric signal related to the calculation; wherein the left crank and the right crank each generate a torque to the center axis, and the set The tube generates a deformation, thereby changing a magnetic permeability of the magnetic material, causing the coil to generate a corresponding induced electromotive force to generate a voltage value, and the signal processing unit analyzes the voltage value to obtain a torque value; The magnetic ring is the medium Driven by rotation, a magnetic flux density distribution is changed, a voltage output by the first Hall sensor is changed accordingly, and the signal processing unit analyzes the voltage change to obtain a rotation angle value of the center axis; the telecommunication No. processing unit calculates a change in the rotation angle value within a unit time to obtain a rotation speed value of the bottom shaft; wherein the sleeve, the magnetic material and the coil are wrapped inside the pentagon, the magnetic ring, the The Hall sensor and the signal processing unit are disposed adjacent to the pentathlon. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnetic material is formed into the patterned shape by a shot, a sand blast, a rolling machining process, a rolling cutting process, a powder metallurgy, or a mosaic process . The detection device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the patterned shape is herringbone or zigzag. The detection device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the patterned shape is herringbone and can be divided into two regions each containing a plurality of parallel stripes, and the parallel directions of the stripes in the two regions are different. The stripe edges can be connected or disconnected from each other. The detection device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the patterned shape is in a zigzag shape and can be divided into three regions each including a plurality of parallel stripes, and among the three regions, the stripes are located in a central region. Different from the parallel directions of the stripes in two adjacent areas, the edge segments of the stripes in each of the areas can be connected or disconnected from each other. The detection device according to item 4 or item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein an angle is formed between all lines of each stripe and a vertical line of a centerline of a rotation axis of the sleeve. The detection device according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein the included angle range is between 20 degrees to 70 degrees or 110 degrees to 160 degrees. The detection device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising a crankset sleeved on the bottom bracket, one end of the sleeve is connected to the bottom bracket, and the other end of the sleeve is connected directly or via an adapter. To the crankset. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the coils are one group, two groups and their winding directions are opposite, two coils, and their winding directions are the same or three groups. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring is partly a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function. The detection device according to item 10 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring is partially a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function in a region of the same polarity. The detection device according to claim 11, wherein a waveform of the strictly increasing function or the strictly decreasing function is a sine wave or a triangular wave. The detection device according to item 10 of the patent application scope, wherein the first Hall sensor adopts a linear type and corresponds to a magnetic ring, and a waveform of the voltage output by the first Hall sensor is partially Is a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function. The detection device according to item 13 of the patent application scope, wherein the waveform of the voltage output by the first Hall sensor corresponding to a region of the same polarity of a magnetic ring is a strictly increasing function or a strictly increasing function. Decrement function. The detection device according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the waveform is a sine wave or a triangular wave. The detection device according to item 11 or item 14 of the patent application scope, wherein the magnetic ring includes two magnetic poles, and the voltage output by the first Hall sensor is combined with one of the slopes of the waveform of the voltage. Corresponds to the position angle value of one of the magnetic rings. The detection device according to item 16 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnetic ring and the left or right crank are fixedly assembled at an angle, and the first Hall sensor corresponds to the position angle of the left or right crank. , Output a set of unique voltage value and the slope of the waveform at the voltage value. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of the magnetic ring has a concave waveform or a ladder waveform. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first Hall sensor adopts a switch type. The detection device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising a second Hall sensor, the second Hall sensor and the first Hall sensor being spaced circumferentially at a circumferential angle Or the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor are arranged in such a manner that the output voltage waveform differs by a phase angle. The detection device according to item 20 of the application, wherein the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor are arranged at a circumferential angle of 90 degrees in a circumferential interval. The detection device according to item 20 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor are arranged in such a manner that a phase angle of an output voltage waveform is 90 degrees different. The detection device as described in claim 20, wherein the second Hall sensor adopts a linear type or a switch type. The detection device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the magnetic ring is formed on the surface of the bottom bracket by adhesive or injection molding. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein a plastic socket is disposed between the bottom bracket and the sleeve. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein a shield cover is provided around the coil to prevent electromagnetic interference. The detection device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein one end of the bottom bracket is provided with a left bearing, the other end of the bottom bracket is provided with a right bearing, the left bearing is provided with a left tooth bowl, and the right bearing is provided with A right tooth bowl is fixed in the five-way pipe by the left bearing, the left tooth bowl, the right bearing and the right tooth bowl. The detection device according to item 27 of the scope of patent application, wherein a gasket is arranged between the right or left side of the sleeve and the bottom bracket. A detection device for a vehicle's operating parameters. The detection device includes: a center shaft, which is arranged in a five-way pipe of a vehicle; a left crank and a right crank are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the center shaft; A sleeve, which is sleeved on the central shaft; a magnetic material, which surrounds the sleeve without a glue to form a patterned shape; a coil, which surrounds the magnetic material and is used to detect the magnetic material One magnetic change; a magnetic ring that rotates in synchronization with the central axis, the surface of the magnetic ring in a two-dimensional space or a three-dimensional space, a magnetic flux density distribution, at least a curved track, the curve track corresponds to a magnetic The change in flux density is partly a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function; at least two Hall sensors, which correspond to the magnetic ring, detect the magnetic flux on the surface of the magnetic ring in the two-dimensional space or the three-dimensional space. Density values and changes, the Hall sensors have different positions, or the same positions but different orientations; and an electrical signal processing unit, which is electrically connected to the coil and the Hall sensors to Receiving and computing Electrical signal; wherein the left crank and the right crank each generate a moment to the center shaft, and a deformation is caused in conjunction with the sleeve, thereby changing a magnetic permeability of the magnetic material and causing the coil to generate a corresponding induced electromotive force And generate a voltage value, the electric signal processing unit analyzes the voltage value to obtain a torque value; the magnetic ring is driven by the rotation of the central axis, so that the magnetic flux density distribution changes, and the Hall sensors output complex voltages Value, the combination is partly a monotonically increasing function or a monotonically decreasing function to detect the one-, two-, or three-dimensional magnetic flux density. The signal processing unit analyzes the voltage values and changes to obtain one of the axes. A position angle value or a rotation angle value; the telecommunication signal processing unit calculates a change amount of the rotation angle value within a unit time to obtain a rotation speed value of the central axis. The detection device according to item 29 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnetic material is formed into the patterned shape by a shot, a sand blast, a roll machining, a roll cutting machining, a powder metallurgy, or a setting process. . The detection device according to item 29 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the change in the magnetic flux density is a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function in a region of the same polarity corresponding to one of the magnetic rings. The detection device according to item 29 of the scope of patent application, wherein the Hall sensors output a plurality of voltage values, which are combined to form a strictly increasing function or a strictly decreasing function in a region corresponding to one of the magnetic poles with the same polarity. .